{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":90,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":90,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"e65d88a14017","filters":{"venue":"Proceedings."}},"results":[{"id":"W4399488662","doi":"10.22318/icls2024.704174","title":"Learning about Data, Algorithms, and Algorithmic Justice on TikTok in Personally Meaningful Ways","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Educational Methods and Impacts","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"York University; Michigan State University; University of Pennsylvania; College of Engineering, Michigan State University; Utah State University; Fordham University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Computer science; Economic Justice; Artificial intelligence; Algorithm; Political science; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.107196939010807,"gpt":0.406703605418175,"spread":0.299506666407368,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002032646,0.0001145031,0.0001271933,0.0001456646,0.0003462091,0.0004182961,0.0002536539,0.00008226783,0.00007699403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001874125,0.0001073483,0.00001846416,0.0004180231,0.0001103402,0.0006295252,0.00007465135,0.0003987289,0.00004932385],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001191485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002447565,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004146576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004667482,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986985,0.0000330666,0.0001494735,0.0004119081,0.0003769642,0.0003301102],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994182,0.0002489162,0.00004059939,0.00005533498,0.00008967319,0.0001472744],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002335187,0.0001131148,0.004873597,0.0004645946,0.00004561648,0.00001933566,0.1654357,0.000005708554,0.0005747176,0.3306553,0.01328709,0.4845018],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039639,0.000329908,0.02270749,0.001248899,0.0001417808,0.00002203811,0.1096,0.02892428,0.0001104647,0.01443961,0.8213553,0.0007238819],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4608211,0.009057414,0.001106739,0.02150498,0.003518888,0.00102371,0.00005669765,0.000764745,0.5021457],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9412045,0.002364422,0.04793441,0.0006379464,0.002996968,0.0000317596,0.00002194982,0.00004902373,0.00475898],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8080682,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4377535,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392681534","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.530792","title":"Design and Evaluation of a Conversational Agent for Formative Assessment in Higher Education","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Concordia University of Edmonton","funders":"","keywords":"Formative assessment; Conversation; Software walkthrough; Computer science; Psychology; Mathematics education","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1453634086173477,"gpt":0.3622131756128345,"spread":0.2168497669954868,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001414505,0.0000454707,0.00006563622,0.0001255934,0.00003818039,0.00004044237,0.00007847975,0.00002040866,0.000005536083],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003341732,0.0000426774,0.00001234166,0.0002072748,0.000007160784,0.0003182756,0.00002980807,0.00003760092,0.000002715917],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009866893,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001344781,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005402363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.151486e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993916,0.0000161375,0.000141022,0.0001248584,0.0002414715,0.00008491283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994411,0.00004589891,0.000101532,0.00002726034,0.000370688,0.00001344654],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006567168,0.0000437549,0.003070969,0.0001428621,0.00001526702,5.426765e-8,0.008746906,0.001817255,0.002190005,0.9535196,0.0009484797,0.02949823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004612365,0.0001172373,0.0694552,0.0001600616,0.00001008213,9.818338e-7,0.001035931,0.9065871,0.002622906,0.0141407,0.005297889,0.0001106715],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3351707,0.0001455376,0.6533679,0.001905434,0.001367894,0.002482034,0.000001375185,0.0001386636,0.005420445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9786882,0.000003370578,0.02028688,0.00002604755,0.00003750597,0.0002116871,0.00000203174,0.000002983553,0.0007412734],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9393789,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1740334,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392681622","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.317400","title":"Expanding and Focusing Infrastructuring Analysis for Informal STEM Education","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Teaching and Learning Programming","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Facilitator; Transformative learning; Informal learning; Knowledge management; Informal education; Work (physics); Sociology; Public relations; Computer science; Pedagogy; Higher education; Psychology; Engineering; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02046554692712753,"gpt":0.2805363729898028,"spread":0.2600708260626753,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004862293,0.00009342478,0.0001240816,0.0004813825,0.0003573846,0.000575059,0.0002184297,0.00004050175,5.598388e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006928397,0.00009091938,0.00005443414,0.001107413,0.0000143565,0.0007760282,0.0001542887,0.0001139393,0.000002755783],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002378492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003372677,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001018017,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.894128e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992004,0.00000388293,0.0001531337,0.0002484338,0.0001290956,0.0002650618],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996529,0.00003577731,0.00009830193,0.00007387069,0.00007082852,0.00006834317],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002803801,0.000005330484,0.07166377,0.00008747943,0.0000576225,1.546202e-7,0.008909601,0.0001583905,0.0002174357,0.01104312,0.00008550207,0.9077688],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001176165,0.0003040442,0.490335,0.0003320161,0.0004195336,0.00005376294,0.01179739,0.3608809,0.005784933,0.002848281,0.1246141,0.001453842],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8156592,0.00005125405,0.1827493,0.0002037221,0.0001933561,0.0001377386,3.034816e-7,0.0006201116,0.0003849795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9284725,0.000004404005,0.07109741,0.00003274194,0.0001070335,0.00003590175,0.000002604728,0.000007548497,0.0002398646],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.906315,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5545307,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392681687","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.795166","title":"Teacher Professional Development in Critical Action Pedagogy: A Culturally Responsive Approach","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Youth Development and Social Support","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Transformative learning; Curriculum; Formative assessment; Psychological intervention; Action research; Professional development; Pedagogy; Sociology; Critical pedagogy; Engineering ethics; Political science; Engineering; Psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1219717335247071,"gpt":0.4480054299742956,"spread":0.3260336964495886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001508573,0.0001210885,0.0001532127,0.0001756939,0.000710805,0.00009476551,0.0001914569,0.0002014281,0.0001813914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001383029,0.0001102197,0.00003741173,0.0008951009,0.000148006,0.0004209614,0.00008236972,0.0002792591,0.000226419],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002951201,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008188205,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009920515,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002600082,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982437,0.00004697353,0.0002470375,0.0002999549,0.000632945,0.0005293819],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994972,0.00005232481,0.00004992954,0.00002757912,0.0002348709,0.0001380533],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001029249,0.0002174037,0.432822,0.00007806604,0.00001955048,0.00001267499,0.4890842,2.440994e-7,0.0003282242,0.03428098,0.0313329,0.01172083],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003058728,0.00001373367,0.6490501,0.00006215072,0.00000694724,0.000001298945,0.12873,0.00003396824,0.000132825,0.001217634,0.2200909,0.0003544913],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8930834,0.00001482718,0.000005039542,0.003350795,0.0005429589,0.0003406396,6.217039e-7,0.00027265,0.1023891],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9436774,0.00002391493,0.001150551,0.0001432557,0.0003284006,0.0001747578,0.00001583767,0.00001328762,0.05447265],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3603542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.546701,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399488849","doi":"10.22318/icls2024.106002","title":"Representational Politics in the Learning Sciences: Foundations, Limits, and Alternatives","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Global Educational Policies and Reforms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Politics; Computer science; Epistemology; Data science; Cognitive science; Sociology; Engineering ethics; Artificial intelligence; Political science; Psychology; Engineering; Philosophy; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06409421855591244,"gpt":0.4266154115758993,"spread":0.3625211930199869,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006133862,0.00003813659,0.00003317517,0.00006724859,0.0006122697,0.0004728377,0.0001310074,0.00002048819,0.00002082772],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003618049,0.00002327566,0.00001438247,0.0003976699,0.0003827006,0.0003264081,0.00001575015,0.0001019361,0.00001031335],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004853761,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001456342,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001554305,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005945153,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993558,0.00001321127,0.0000801478,0.0001190961,0.0002767644,0.0001550041],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997995,0.00008967435,0.00001869389,0.00001251952,0.00005009605,0.00002950483],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[2.611985e-7,0.000007788365,0.01274984,0.000009155418,0.000002354357,2.322158e-7,0.03511583,0.000006359847,0.000007317382,0.9496452,0.001491395,0.0009642399],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005127349,0.00002929863,0.07107883,0.00006323939,0.000005835358,0.000008469111,0.1572497,0.0009333224,0.00001163613,0.1556332,0.6148394,0.0000958532],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6434854,0.001069602,0.000008539839,0.04038705,0.000319383,0.0001391393,0.000001723369,0.00004456487,0.3145446],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964844,0.0003960948,0.0001373956,0.0003486508,0.000521174,0.00001276051,0.00000144716,0.000002237017,0.002095813],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.794012,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4709145,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392681582","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.679461","title":"Reimagining Learning Research in “canada” as “road Making”: Opportunities to Move Toward Equity Through Walking Methodologies","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Posthumanist Ethics and Activism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Mount Royal University; University of Manitoba; University of Toronto; Université de Montréal; University of Calgary; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Materiality (auditing); Sociology; Futures contract; Equity (law); Aesthetics; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.6801680290385039,"gpt":0.5467089567151384,"spread":0.1334590723233655,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01101226,0.0001510071,0.000265832,0.0003028953,0.001155846,0.0004543348,0.0006603332,0.0001169258,0.00009076329],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005988922,0.0001418048,0.00004112946,0.001122795,0.0002905177,0.000570789,0.0008489924,0.001320509,0.00005281961],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001010418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002126803,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6311014,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1528817,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965563,0.0002690782,0.0002750584,0.0004502982,0.001332698,0.001116547],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986033,0.0007017329,0.0001046968,0.00008293201,0.0003789318,0.0001284434],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005669815,0.00001337277,0.004819419,0.0001385581,0.00002230621,0.000126761,0.2717439,0.00002877628,0.0006192463,0.4752377,0.003220471,0.2439728],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001405875,0.00008839335,0.009915915,0.0004011213,0.000006306185,0.00000285036,0.540769,0.0001809054,0.0007296678,0.2162455,0.2311164,0.0004033275],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2662813,0.00009929755,0.00003883951,0.03424674,0.0004184329,0.0003535404,0.000002722706,0.0003412435,0.6982179],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943633,0.0004396179,0.001495045,0.00072051,0.0002496649,0.00006022465,0.000001594276,0.00002676815,0.002643289],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.728082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8889952,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392681721","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.118113","title":"Storytelling “in Theory”: Re-imagining Computational Literacies through the Lenses of Syncretism and Translanguaging","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Multilingual Education and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Translanguaging; Storytelling; Sensemaking; Syncretism (linguistics); Conversation; Computer science; Mathematics education; Narrative; Linguistics; Sociology; Pedagogy; Psychology; Philosophy; Knowledge management","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06183724262312159,"gpt":0.4345831146440536,"spread":0.372745872020932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008848798,0.0000575444,0.00008769947,0.00008022375,0.0002542811,0.0000689644,0.0001082845,0.00002800944,0.00004777118],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000350148,0.00004685869,0.00002199322,0.0004070009,0.000263804,0.0002038654,0.00001390677,0.0001021227,0.000005239732],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001488639,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006742074,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006363307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004535124,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999353,0.00003582125,0.0001483004,0.0001159424,0.0001787215,0.0001682284],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994887,0.000317766,0.00006175205,0.00002594343,0.00007913621,0.0000267274],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005149215,0.000005840752,0.002033424,0.00003309128,0.000004026228,3.218927e-7,0.7914327,0.00004092111,0.0000611244,0.1937064,0.00008241166,0.01259454],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003257574,0.0000221205,0.009442714,0.0002863641,0.00001811411,0.000002912285,0.8210604,0.00309288,0.0003797045,0.095937,0.06920426,0.0002277872],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8779921,0.0008777859,0.0001027662,0.006453602,0.0001660213,0.0001744549,0.000003962445,0.0000992038,0.1141301],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980811,0.0001782488,0.0007144011,0.0002752723,0.0001316022,0.000007069564,0.000001798286,0.000006507687,0.0006039793],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.120089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1955751,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392721310","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.101292","title":"Detection of Goal Setting and Planning in Self-regulated Learning Using Machine Learning and Think-aloud Protocols","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","field":"Psychology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Think aloud protocol; Computer science; Decision tree; Machine learning; Artificial intelligence; Random forest; Artificial neural network; Support vector machine; Logistic regression; Online machine learning; Coding (social sciences); Natural language processing; Human–computer interaction","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04454667977794718,"gpt":0.3909294621899841,"spread":0.346382782412037,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004283415,0.0002136087,0.0003349792,0.000554871,0.0003608948,0.00006807051,0.00007751907,0.0001965284,0.00001397227],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001053458,0.0002154522,0.00002800648,0.001051471,0.00007272721,0.0001585218,0.0001125975,0.00134555,0.000003797524],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004897837,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001521965,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001361158,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001614606,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982213,0.0003161216,0.0004195897,0.0004453209,0.0001796831,0.0004179912],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99922,0.0001860043,0.0003671574,0.00005034434,0.0001259363,0.00005063176],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001654417,0.00003577506,0.7185824,0.000323283,0.00006630376,0.00001269075,0.1107372,0.0003412931,0.1421318,0.0002868795,0.000007669709,0.02730929],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003914256,0.0009620111,0.6421208,0.001615674,0.00007858525,0.0002363328,0.04324992,0.2910994,0.01167957,0.0005859809,0.003524731,0.0009327559],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.995884,0.000144644,0.0004578258,0.00002354915,0.00008794868,0.001494439,5.384692e-7,0.0005220355,0.001385005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994027,0.000003248776,0.005372088,0.00001091741,0.0001091935,0.0001192042,0.000003931713,0.00005269056,0.0003017822],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2907581,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8785886,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392681671","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.553481","title":"Emotion and Emotion Regulation Matter: A Case Study on Teachers’ Online Teaching Experience During COVID-19","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Communication in Education and Healthcare","field":"Psychology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Feeling; Thematic analysis; Perception; Psychology; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Transition (genetics); Isolation (microbiology); Online teaching; Qualitative research; Mathematics education; Social psychology; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1271868433368996,"gpt":0.4635568594476581,"spread":0.3363700161107585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000533192,0.000132884,0.0001259717,0.0003043978,0.0007656937,0.00007896015,0.0001280577,0.00008416101,0.000336006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002123559,0.0001406923,0.00002404732,0.0003349782,0.00004206894,0.0001816533,0.00007662909,0.0003432434,0.0001500519],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001945798,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002378122,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006181916,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003455091,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988102,0.00009345833,0.0003094827,0.0004006628,0.0001694167,0.0002167786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992808,0.00005628538,0.000163233,0.000249984,0.00007367866,0.0001760652],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002844153,0.0004159756,0.4321805,0.00006214542,0.00001196542,0.00001795299,0.5570695,0.000003793766,0.0002904186,0.001158329,0.002564812,0.006196151],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004571462,0.0000802147,0.6244324,0.0000233529,0.000007249349,0.000324935,0.3729992,0.0001277952,0.000005306046,0.0001186886,0.001323355,0.0001003451],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9908112,0.00002389,0.00003637129,0.005823368,0.0002896994,0.0005717746,0.000004045031,0.0003572542,0.002082402],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996582,0.000008696991,0.0002045041,0.0005601388,0.0001704305,0.0001534194,0.00002573305,0.00002407185,0.002270955],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.192252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5889174,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392681555","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.831011","title":"Data Comics: Using Narratives to Engage Students in Data Reasoning","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Statistics Education and Methodologies","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Comics; Narrative; Curriculum; Qualitative property; Computer science; Thematic analysis; Storytelling; Mathematics education; Psychology; Pedagogy; Sociology; Qualitative research; Art; Literature; Social science; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.7323243029860248,"gpt":0.5840036994735623,"spread":0.1483206035124625,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002567686,0.0001061182,0.0001868994,0.0001996614,0.00008356606,0.0001062801,0.001302465,0.00004076267,0.00002462194],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01303789,0.0001039363,0.000006497135,0.0005326437,0.00002736934,0.0002117764,0.001615101,0.0001480524,0.00003091897],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003428058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004220648,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002451503,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003880425,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998886,0.0000379552,0.0002219047,0.0004031644,0.0002231991,0.0002277952],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989448,0.0003650344,0.00009521186,0.0004806141,0.00005027746,0.00006412962],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003316472,0.0001825946,0.05121647,0.0003444973,0.00006426783,0.00001007234,0.0382811,0.000002911099,0.00286516,0.05139172,0.8537337,0.001874306],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003088423,0.0001376945,0.04683915,0.002479578,0.0001905601,0.00005043855,0.4391979,0.07539103,0.002025335,0.2434211,0.1849047,0.002274071],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.9690871,0.00007285203,0.01846134,0.0008628664,0.001064142,0.0009964159,0.001010204,0.0009170174,0.007528058],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02975705,0.000032906,0.9681211,0.000115186,0.0001071985,0.00001695464,0.0001690941,0.00005797307,0.001622591],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9496597,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9952757,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392721234","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.403455","title":"A Systematic Review of Automated Feedback Generation in Empirical Educational Research","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","field":"Psychology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Empirical research; Quality (philosophy); Knowledge management","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.5359588916240169,"gpt":0.616814941172234,"spread":0.08085604954821712,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01926065,0.0003143165,0.002465428,0.001140967,0.0000968087,0.00004120457,0.0004873922,0.0004025452,0.0003783329],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01241907,0.000245429,0.0002478468,0.00407187,0.0000999289,0.00005463434,0.00009693673,0.001623539,0.001143899],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003241068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004218399,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002921725,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.763263e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9941394,0.002316042,0.001886686,0.0006166668,0.0006005159,0.0004407384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967802,0.001181856,0.0009226974,0.0002692755,0.0007915691,0.00005438448],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000137114,0.00009734078,0.00001314626,0.9205323,0.0001482844,0.000001375476,0.0009797157,2.737328e-8,6.628218e-7,0.003741875,0.06742531,0.007058554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007680534,0.00005247261,0.00004371412,0.8733213,0.0002873346,0.00003727177,0.00009895895,0.0000515527,1.617441e-7,0.00005556021,0.125751,0.0002238623],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001499539,0.9852434,0.000004198165,0.0002009028,0.0003558676,0.002219428,0.000008146738,0.0001593476,0.01179366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000004908885,0.9904036,0.0008162889,0.000075927,0.0003927791,0.001719918,0.0001567865,0.00009111121,0.006338678],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05832569,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999998,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392681893","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.819718","title":"Positivist and Constructivist Orientation Impact on Supervisors' Conceptions of Video Use in Teacher Professionalization","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Teacher Education and Leadership Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Computer Research Institute of Montréal","funders":"Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia","keywords":"Professionalization; Constructive; Positivism; Constructivist teaching methods; Process (computing); Psychology; Orientation (vector space); Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Sociology; Computer science; Teaching method; Epistemology; Social science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1222803378406827,"gpt":0.4247459173828502,"spread":0.3024655795421675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003909972,0.00006891818,0.0001006068,0.0001544841,0.0001644626,0.00004951979,0.00004396237,0.00004818799,0.00006026574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004700126,0.0000602191,0.00002119905,0.0006219441,0.0002790545,0.0003343834,0.00001350335,0.00009067149,0.000008700968],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008626581,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007554507,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006315173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001783109,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993319,0.00004621806,0.0001353669,0.0001490227,0.0001910843,0.0001464132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996402,0.00008409531,0.0000687154,0.00002633881,0.0001343425,0.000046266],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001529863,0.0000502221,0.75067,0.00001606592,0.000007877294,1.031153e-7,0.2331911,0.000001271593,0.0002354284,0.01397565,0.0007977269,0.001039249],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001940475,0.00002815035,0.7975817,0.00006439044,0.000006483372,2.462612e-7,0.2011478,0.00004213378,0.00007182363,0.000387892,0.0004078502,0.00006753825],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937325,0.00001926199,0.000005698921,0.00332232,0.00009695247,0.0002214412,0.000004591572,0.00006124046,0.002536048],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987976,0.00003114446,0.00005840206,0.00004891118,0.00006370815,0.00003135285,0.00001098095,0.000006466332,0.0009514524],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04691167,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2455663,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399488089","doi":"10.22318/icls2024.511783","title":"Newcomer Youths’ Ethical Stances in Representing War And Forced Migration","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Forced migration; Computer science; Political science; Law; Refugee","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02500448182929173,"gpt":0.3388840682604032,"spread":0.3138795864311115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009396614,0.00007979528,0.00009841437,0.0001150932,0.0002287328,0.0002849033,0.00007471227,0.0001785063,0.00006757271],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007805707,0.0000683197,0.00003002834,0.0004031243,0.00009773517,0.000648476,0.00001520933,0.0002838851,0.00001083173],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006523945,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007914186,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001886383,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01141975,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990169,0.00002402907,0.0002099361,0.0002635267,0.0002938902,0.0001917412],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996936,0.00004685983,0.00004202643,0.00003079643,0.0001187096,0.00006797737],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003220889,0.00002409806,0.04837399,0.0001751253,0.00001648846,0.0000022018,0.4593663,0.000002529798,0.003985877,0.4540678,0.01471645,0.01923699],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005982282,0.0001709894,0.0219488,0.000990832,0.00006676556,0.000005594686,0.1624218,0.03698512,0.006349532,0.06281507,0.7067679,0.0008793828],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9609407,0.00122325,0.0001815559,0.004269523,0.0002537232,0.0002260789,0.000001470179,0.00014308,0.03276064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962871,0.0008005259,0.000330817,0.0001469224,0.0003646933,0.00002319284,0.000004628918,0.000007879883,0.002034205],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6920515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6372487,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392721284","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.761091","title":"Against “Both Sides” Argumentation: Resisting Dehumanization in Intellectual Community","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Dehumanization; Argument (complex analysis); Argumentation theory; Ideology; Faith; Democracy; Epistemology; Sociology; Equity (law); Psychology; Environmental ethics; Political science; Law; Philosophy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08393560072359132,"gpt":0.3618942988206829,"spread":0.2779586980970916,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001628705,0.0000586647,0.00007159776,0.000141144,0.000947394,0.0001439824,0.000166759,0.00004879219,0.0001317283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003983653,0.00006552001,0.00001465052,0.001120834,0.0000946705,0.0001850034,0.00004814261,0.0002074457,0.0001615029],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002035851,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001076906,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001885523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003521829,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999162,0.00006028294,0.0001886661,0.0001083775,0.0002584014,0.0002222391],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994407,0.0002898063,0.00003844678,0.00003534652,0.0001342196,0.00006147462],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008238077,0.0001272363,0.04015832,0.0000730254,0.000008462503,0.000001425529,0.7521979,0.000005908647,0.0003261935,0.1726051,0.0158813,0.01860684],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000492783,0.00004468186,0.06213996,0.0003487596,0.00001012569,6.217168e-7,0.7514886,0.0004515373,0.001054389,0.0748495,0.1086235,0.0004955892],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8155175,0.00001019338,0.00003818511,0.002696756,0.0002026657,0.0001416626,3.284253e-7,0.0002555135,0.1811372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969178,0.00007455295,0.0007439455,0.0007231699,0.0001055403,0.00002532168,0.00001439029,0.00000822324,0.001387027],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1814003,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7286685,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392721242","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.495209","title":"Centering Critical Youth Research Methodologies of Praxis and Care in Post-Pandemic Times: From Respectful Relations and Dialogue Towards New Imaginaries","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Innovative Education and Learning Practices","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of Calgary; Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Praxis; General partnership; Sociology; Work (physics); Public relations; Service-learning; Co-creation; Pandemic; Pedagogy; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Political science; Knowledge management; Engineering; Computer science; Law; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.359430894527452,"gpt":0.5303951513287596,"spread":0.1709642568013076,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002349328,0.00006374272,0.0001291775,0.0002750864,0.000422921,0.0001625179,0.0001110413,0.00007963555,0.00006495693],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02749955,0.00006170939,0.00001151521,0.0008146989,0.0006311868,0.0004925234,0.0001192207,0.0003561345,0.000007378359],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006387655,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003514694,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01044499,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006611081,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989147,0.000198535,0.0001631122,0.0002248038,0.0002634775,0.0002353815],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981586,0.001093502,0.0000586794,0.00003934978,0.000589302,0.00006052795],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006619144,0.00001034039,0.1758537,0.00004129404,0.000009800528,9.098885e-7,0.7726383,3.110485e-7,0.0007769405,0.03851956,0.0007525678,0.01133008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001434525,0.0000684951,0.2514827,0.0000846402,0.000009394258,4.363208e-7,0.7282984,0.000009884752,0.0001968545,0.01169969,0.00792308,0.00008295725],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9658612,0.0008055234,0.00001903993,0.01448808,0.000144125,0.0001535723,0.00001593098,0.00008907849,0.01842345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948872,0.0003340892,0.004046348,0.00002930205,0.0001362475,0.000008426053,0.000009978659,0.000007168511,0.0005412172],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07562906,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9961445,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392721134","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.342341","title":"Anti-Black Racism & Mathematics: Designs for Intentionally Fostering Courageous Conversations in a Knowledge Building Community","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","field":"Psychology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Oppression; Context (archaeology); Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Sociology; Knowledge building; Restructuring; Literacy; Power (physics); Diversity (politics); Critical literacy; Psychology; Politics; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3221178255935536,"gpt":0.4686309402721899,"spread":0.1465131146786363,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005874068,0.0001808697,0.0003019546,0.0004944286,0.0003962714,0.00008087356,0.0003037299,0.0001304882,0.0001050444],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001790534,0.0001892767,0.00008543117,0.0008145608,0.0001093688,0.0001249668,0.000171105,0.0007850113,0.0002853074],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001020544,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002952452,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004183799,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001111654,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985974,0.0001900086,0.0004258218,0.0002499624,0.0001154954,0.0004212609],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984714,0.0007959065,0.000198513,0.0001506925,0.0003366538,0.00004688085],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001634292,0.001203823,0.02845373,0.001628604,0.000351753,0.000008650705,0.5854568,0.0001390215,0.08648722,0.2434574,0.02380058,0.02884903],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01127768,0.0009102448,0.4428888,0.003305777,0.0003030251,0.0002296825,0.2099632,0.04430874,0.002959313,0.1815731,0.09911206,0.003168311],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.889973,0.00002394485,0.08777292,0.0002370023,0.00039717,0.0004849457,0.000008867019,0.0003891541,0.02071298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9494775,0.000002513707,0.04573544,0.0000657424,0.0001028922,0.0001795856,0.00002927203,0.0000495725,0.004357508],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4144351,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7718478,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392681710","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.432296","title":"Does the Emergency Switch Make a Difference in STEM Motivationally Supportive Instruction? Comparing Instructors’ Motivational Support Across Pre-Pandemic In-Person and During-Pandemic Online STEM Learning Environments","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports","field":"Psychology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Enthusiasm; Pandemic; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Psychology; Autonomy; Relevance (law); Medical education; Mathematics education; Medicine; Social psychology; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03645079120715268,"gpt":0.3009894355536265,"spread":0.2645386443464738,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005718117,0.0003346879,0.0003829388,0.0002947696,0.0002971638,0.00005571104,0.0002925059,0.0002087358,0.0003645865],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007070822,0.0002417659,0.00005899525,0.0008297211,0.0001567234,0.0002954174,0.0001637645,0.0008142462,0.00002044249],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002205069,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004091735,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008273842,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001635146,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971977,0.00005262481,0.0008583367,0.0007684639,0.000507866,0.0006150461],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991368,0.0000729854,0.0004688385,0.0001420271,0.00007399518,0.0001053521],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001022458,0.00009979685,0.9543776,0.00006023228,0.00004151552,0.000006090821,0.03739191,0.00008135547,0.0007841581,0.000461927,0.00001977717,0.00657343],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001552495,0.00005641456,0.9651968,0.00007889262,0.000007739222,0.00003826878,0.03209033,0.0002640724,0.00005163065,0.0001802085,0.0002145121,0.0002685583],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980292,0.00001947012,0.00001382598,0.0001268507,0.0005654565,0.0005831217,0.00002585507,0.0001682642,0.0004679176],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930024,0.00009167733,0.00002697864,0.00004825819,0.0001427289,0.0001672679,0.00008534591,0.00004172978,0.006393627],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01081931,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9858927,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392681522","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.644003","title":"Systematic Literature Review With PRISMA and NLP on Co-Creative Learning in Higher Education","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","field":"Psychology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Computer Research Institute of Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Trough (economics); Dimension (graph theory); Artificial intelligence; Natural language processing; Process (computing); Focus (optics); Mathematics education; Psychology; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04144502266919443,"gpt":0.3925493818347218,"spread":0.3511043591655274,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002122091,0.0001623363,0.0003314149,0.0002866632,0.0001024969,0.00006085054,0.00007962679,0.00008902395,0.0001265086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000431536,0.0001158876,0.00001983983,0.001210182,0.00003561641,0.00008784558,0.00001430364,0.0007609904,0.0001178803],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000211683,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000046908,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.70628e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987924,0.0002715478,0.0002473205,0.0003259362,0.0001509803,0.0002117962],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994193,0.0001141384,0.0002091639,0.00007733436,0.0001439973,0.00003604254],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004877029,0.0006248972,0.1775295,0.2673171,0.0004693203,0.0000857159,0.1706035,0.000007512207,0.0007514381,0.2426345,0.08324174,0.05624712],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001223534,0.001258877,0.5381709,0.4025855,0.0001630826,0.000152229,0.007391299,0.00006319225,0.00006897526,0.0006015565,0.04749167,0.0008292089],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3495286,0.03371641,0.00003512207,0.003957634,0.000558932,0.00202457,0.000001496634,0.0007545827,0.6094227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8766591,0.001584292,0.001428465,0.00189344,0.0002899237,0.0007046284,0.00004054551,0.00007797794,0.1173217],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5271305,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4725758,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399488882","doi":"10.22318/icls2024.904961","title":"Including Diverse Image Schemas in Knowledge Building for STEM Learners Who are Visually Impaired","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario College of Art and Design","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Visually impaired; Computer science; Image (mathematics); Human–computer interaction; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1068029340721858,"gpt":0.3725370122450329,"spread":0.2657340781728472,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001355617,0.0001920061,0.0002216999,0.0003646071,0.0002559335,0.000331381,0.0001984535,0.00008379274,0.00002921573],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006029985,0.00018652,0.0001247946,0.0006416942,0.00005946285,0.001100534,0.0001414423,0.0003438972,0.0001080018],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002237129,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004916829,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007566176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008598061,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985805,0.00001118551,0.0002583331,0.0005786808,0.0001612776,0.0004100351],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994556,0.0002119918,0.00008066447,0.00007054272,0.00008627057,0.00009497008],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005657763,0.00008013455,0.0009925826,0.0004352868,0.00001034309,0.00003038605,0.005867389,0.000004805504,0.9722304,0.01260844,0.003612282,0.004071387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004862431,0.00011395,0.0001994377,0.000999364,0.00003053415,0.00004367662,0.009289823,0.03222401,0.8977278,0.0003170509,0.05816378,0.0004043233],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9863715,0.0000706592,0.0002714992,0.0003724647,0.0006473113,0.0004199171,0.00001711359,0.0003965408,0.01143299],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961888,0.00004214073,0.0004412667,0.0001099574,0.000223676,0.00008435705,5.864776e-7,0.00004495312,0.002864218],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07450259,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7606065,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399488780","doi":"10.22318/icls2024.669479","title":"Exploring Duolingo User’s Learning Experience Through Text Mining","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Education and Learning Interventions","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computer science; World Wide Web; Human–computer interaction; Multimedia; Information retrieval","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.162305557700024,"gpt":0.3448867821409268,"spread":0.1825812244409027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002482151,0.000138154,0.0001085213,0.0001425253,0.0003035736,0.001010539,0.0005467854,0.00003576823,0.0001129669],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002456309,0.0001353696,0.00009610544,0.0007750654,0.00003735785,0.002753807,0.0001831227,0.0003434512,0.0003354986],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005899916,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004626325,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001810074,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.063467e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987337,0.00001138893,0.0002313005,0.000478615,0.0002352314,0.0003097674],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995861,0.00005501963,0.00005601535,0.0001161,0.0001078129,0.00007893675],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003028763,0.00009172829,0.01633918,0.000286612,0.00004821353,0.00001735047,0.3315102,0.000149696,0.002383687,0.5930393,0.009143851,0.0469871],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001088563,0.0001041007,0.005574908,0.000751065,0.000009924451,0.0000739102,0.01520933,0.03589356,0.002963532,0.0005932898,0.938306,0.0004115016],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8663831,0.000998763,0.07625984,0.003018032,0.002688023,0.0001442554,2.380738e-7,0.002422894,0.04808483],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9674299,0.00008008381,0.02601802,0.0001576717,0.0002707378,0.0001290227,7.467596e-7,0.00002048988,0.005893372],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9291621,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9744651,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411267524","doi":"10.22318/icls2025.923881","title":"Co-Creation of Visual Stories: Representing Agency for Mathematics Learning with Forcibly Displaced Students","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","field":"Psychology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Agency (philosophy); Mathematics education; Computer science; Visual arts; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Sociology; Art; Social science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03259108562807079,"gpt":0.4642565496450279,"spread":0.4316654640169571,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002353453,0.0001520261,0.0002887799,0.0002150803,0.0002630675,0.00005530634,0.0001943269,0.00009415554,0.00004038564],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001337112,0.0001301989,0.00005280466,0.0005008635,0.00007218696,0.00009790621,0.00003236559,0.0003259762,0.000004093652],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004614645,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002712944,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002330685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.425752e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987617,0.00006239823,0.0003666474,0.0003115968,0.0002384658,0.0002592392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988213,0.0002508365,0.0004044066,0.00009013659,0.0004097951,0.00002354293],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006276628,0.0005526782,0.8073388,0.001019253,0.000479771,0.000001029189,0.08143393,0.00002579432,0.01730506,0.06822275,0.002122414,0.02087082],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0148307,0.005692139,0.6776869,0.003884208,0.001122248,0.00003123092,0.1338855,0.008701906,0.06017366,0.008230493,0.08376499,0.001996062],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7987785,0.00003493942,0.1174896,0.00003803927,0.0001617479,0.0004350806,0.000001286184,0.0001144891,0.08294625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9500728,0.000001056401,0.02479513,0.00002124297,0.00008007744,0.000121831,0.00001069962,0.00002934055,0.02486789],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1512942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5309355,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392721183","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.101745","title":"A Community of Practice to Bridge Research and Practice in Science Education","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","field":"Psychology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dawson College; Cégep André Laurendeau; Vanier College; John Abbott College","funders":"","keywords":"Bridging (networking); Bridge (graph theory); Community of practice; Linkage (software); Knowledge management; Curriculum; Engineering ethics; Computer science; Knowledge sharing; Public relations; Sociology; Political science; Pedagogy; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3083114206813643,"gpt":0.6015910670647621,"spread":0.2932796463833978,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.04602025,0.00005967952,0.0001029091,0.0008783216,0.0003473104,0.0000621478,0.0002726703,0.00004615942,0.00001001881],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06948432,0.00006072434,0.000006025625,0.004898116,0.0003336298,0.0004206704,0.000209519,0.001105843,0.00007435456],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006962343,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002266861,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002680198,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005696917,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980944,0.0008170594,0.0001890463,0.0002335394,0.0003545396,0.0003113565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962386,0.001955067,0.0001094888,0.000145703,0.001492649,0.00005841882],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000466983,0.001082788,0.02205217,0.0001058631,0.00001649837,0.000002872453,0.5475585,0.000001022751,0.04003915,0.2003756,0.02057336,0.1677252],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002100489,0.0004865487,0.7841148,0.0001108677,0.00000520111,0.00005634791,0.120929,0.00001324678,0.0006621813,0.001824361,0.09148201,0.0001053455],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7598628,0.00003666323,0.0000314671,0.004550366,0.0001456299,0.0001801509,4.398319e-7,0.00004316445,0.2351494],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9859165,0.000006864283,0.0116963,0.0003874431,0.00005333757,0.00004039053,8.479454e-7,0.00001062763,0.001887725],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7620627,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9823229,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399488649","doi":"10.22318/icls2024.122460","title":"Applying the Understanding by Design (UbD) Model to Support Critical Thinking and Multidisciplinary Inquiry in the Chinese High School Biology Curriculum","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Multidisciplinary approach; Curriculum; Engineering ethics; Mathematics education; Computer science; Management science; Pedagogy; Psychology; Engineering; Sociology; Social science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09292432519533907,"gpt":0.4035034625964322,"spread":0.3105791374010931,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002917534,0.0001346483,0.0001250839,0.00009542549,0.001086354,0.0006095124,0.0003775014,0.0001003623,0.0000393604],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009167243,0.00007842061,0.00002812126,0.000660743,0.0003471249,0.0002811853,0.0001338803,0.0003821065,0.0000214934],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002224982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002028367,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007872409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001777357,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986297,0.00007385285,0.0002121087,0.0003360694,0.0003428845,0.00040537],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992981,0.0004292713,0.00001709887,0.00005909765,0.00005641754,0.0001400026],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000047957,0.00005293624,0.007624319,0.00004847643,0.000007739101,0.000002438479,0.1457419,0.000008346554,0.0001309374,0.8372722,0.007924216,0.001181666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009853891,0.00005321013,0.0005019146,0.0001513716,0.00001780412,0.000006754462,0.1504527,0.006040117,0.00001308869,0.8393826,0.003041841,0.0002400018],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4565075,0.002088936,0.2076329,0.2868019,0.003549967,0.005758809,0.00001283267,0.0008324931,0.03681466],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9912857,0.00007574685,0.005653082,0.00210615,0.0002568526,0.0005310471,0.000002249225,0.00001261861,0.0000765768],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5347782,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8355466,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399489501","doi":"10.22318/icls2024.217962","title":"Using an Evidence-Centered Design Approach to Examine the Alignment of Computer Science Curricula with Standards","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Information Systems Education and Curriculum Development","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Learning Partnership","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Curriculum; Computer science; Engineering ethics; Mathematics education; Software engineering; Human–computer interaction; Engineering; Psychology; Pedagogy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1044334136393412,"gpt":0.3290491672214039,"spread":0.2246157535820627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002325099,0.0001354982,0.0001309241,0.0002251009,0.0002289845,0.0008750799,0.000925596,0.00002079097,0.000004388636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002910514,0.00007829614,0.00002210746,0.00175162,0.00008755914,0.001771685,0.0001921206,0.00007022511,0.000006923296],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003165171,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006569719,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000766708,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.386307e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978535,0.00001775213,0.0003189761,0.0003687692,0.001185236,0.000255725],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987169,0.00001784863,0.0001038106,0.0001968029,0.000828739,0.0001359074],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007063449,0.001074907,0.002100815,0.001768934,0.0001673711,0.000005780963,0.3384004,0.01368038,0.01264897,0.4273912,0.01967864,0.183012],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001682333,0.0002974146,0.00117752,0.001057798,0.00001315329,0.0001464846,0.001974184,0.9798977,0.0107354,0.00007654173,0.004146696,0.0003089007],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03623211,0.00007565031,0.9610915,0.0002202328,0.0003783191,0.0006461461,0.000001138496,0.0001005682,0.001254372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7538482,0.000002514681,0.2458564,0.0001558862,0.00005902557,0.00005280064,3.066509e-7,0.000005121695,0.00001978439],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9662173,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8438416,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392721360","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.647082","title":"Designing Teacher Professional Development Using Conjecture Mapping to Support Teachers’ Computational Thinking Integration Efforts","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Teaching and Learning Programming","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Telus (Canada)","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Computational thinking; The arts; Context (archaeology); Computer science; Mathematics education; Professional development; Scalability; Pedagogy; Psychology; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05350174675695155,"gpt":0.3040237973381197,"spread":0.2505220505811682,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001984067,0.0002514906,0.0002107679,0.0004637278,0.0009189956,0.0005725686,0.0005990771,0.0001273502,0.00001106658],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002057878,0.0002312317,0.00005955767,0.001075762,0.00002356787,0.0006152018,0.0004041494,0.000599926,0.00009274523],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002226175,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002433553,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001031259,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010662,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977216,0.00003993177,0.0003855272,0.0006019131,0.0006921921,0.0005588661],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993453,0.00005490204,0.000184354,0.0001044691,0.0001457129,0.0001652362],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001044788,0.000110587,0.02973334,0.00009661746,0.00007644442,0.0000278433,0.3164436,0.01091239,0.00560106,0.008730235,0.005806696,0.6224507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002179803,0.0005607959,0.1559649,0.003882822,0.00005998937,0.0004488714,0.01739078,0.5377535,0.008500383,0.006388048,0.263153,0.003717179],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.376363,0.00001219144,0.620851,0.0005209449,0.0005213486,0.0002930571,2.034406e-7,0.001138303,0.0002999576],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5360036,1.764932e-7,0.4630271,0.0001938742,0.0001039776,0.00003341565,0.00001398646,0.00001986932,0.0006040286],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6187336,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9429353,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392681880","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.109374","title":"Pedagogical Practices Associated With Sophisticated Pedagogical Scenarios Using VR Simulations in Science Courses","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Simulation-Based Education in Healthcare","field":"Medicine","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Cégep de Saint-Laurent; Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Debriefing; Context (archaeology); Computer science; Mathematics education; Abstraction; Psychology; Multilevel model; Science education","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4372420703122517,"gpt":0.520468217248879,"spread":0.08322614693662739,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008826886,0.0001828369,0.0002864484,0.0006415925,0.0004299326,0.0001105762,0.0001562177,0.0001394499,0.0001611394],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007570509,0.0001527134,0.00003076085,0.004017055,0.000379092,0.000450271,0.00004776156,0.0004198792,0.00004057376],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000674981,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00182157,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001063782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002111244,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975297,0.00002013331,0.0004134721,0.0005436924,0.0008911091,0.0006019339],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996852,0.0005178084,0.0004287835,0.0001414668,0.001740905,0.0003190493],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001212195,0.0002797208,0.9862458,0.00009203408,0.0000153996,0.00001715686,0.006600833,0.003165008,0.002099683,0.001200244,0.00007568315,0.00008725794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001212001,0.0002592844,0.7108338,0.0004884708,0.0001111427,0.00003476593,0.01180381,0.2741489,0.0002998484,0.0002534527,0.0002808949,0.0002735587],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942536,0.00003477259,0.00001930049,0.003655414,0.000137719,0.0006779187,0.000009197662,0.0003500322,0.0008620428],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983141,0.000005289233,0.0007122934,0.0002718415,0.0001899608,0.00003332808,0.00005430313,0.00003093353,0.0003879131],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2754119,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9063154,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392721128","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.182613","title":"Assessing Computational Thinking Attitudes in Empirical Research: A Systematic Review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Teaching and Learning Programming","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes; University of Alberta","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Dimension (graph theory); Component (thermodynamics); Cognition; Empirical research; Psychology; Cognitive dimensions of notations; Cognitive psychology; Computer science; Applied psychology; Mathematics; Statistics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4908029611620961,"gpt":0.5515579137454351,"spread":0.06075495258333896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01437966,0.0004236496,0.002410792,0.0009863577,0.0004567948,0.002443422,0.002416482,0.0002594698,0.000001975608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004219274,0.0003319972,0.0003613258,0.003758918,0.00007037185,0.0008345326,0.0009967802,0.002567735,0.000299226],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004192036,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004746768,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001273237,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001320477,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9946805,0.0006465378,0.001353226,0.001024957,0.00153264,0.0007621173],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972321,0.001345434,0.0006494257,0.0003362231,0.0003036421,0.00013319],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[7.480688e-8,0.00003359399,0.00001455255,0.8455255,0.00004296783,0.00003323197,0.0006076591,0.000002201546,1.622383e-9,0.003404538,0.0003959486,0.1499397],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003906007,0.00002006104,0.000007676889,0.8668408,0.0001278422,0.000120313,0.00003996449,0.0005255609,2.720358e-9,0.0005452637,0.131419,0.0003143772],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[5.266144e-7,0.993544,0.003360073,0.0002540373,0.0001531064,0.001645278,4.415645e-7,0.0007766167,0.0002659583],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00001201497,0.9645285,0.03444206,0.0001148731,0.0001148767,0.0005656799,0.0000115544,0.00006840622,0.0001420582],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1496254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999132,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392681917","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.644897","title":"Do Thinking Styles Change With Task Complexity in Problem-Solving?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Learning Styles and Cognitive Differences","field":"Psychology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Think aloud protocol; Metacognition; Task (project management); Psychology; Computer science; Cognitive style; Reflection (computer programming); Cognitive psychology; Critical thinking; Intelligent tutoring system; Mathematics education; Cognition; Human–computer interaction; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09833299659688761,"gpt":0.3310124268494439,"spread":0.2326794302525563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003869028,0.0001895458,0.0002248305,0.0002138666,0.0001531669,0.0001333518,0.0002486935,0.00008707215,0.0004980076],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003508421,0.0001377836,0.00004533978,0.0007863946,0.0001213893,0.0001675615,0.00009967194,0.0003209254,0.0003489232],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003355167,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000142425,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003685849,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009314138,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998611,0.00002128586,0.0001770694,0.000447994,0.0002528387,0.0004898449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999572,0.00004180419,0.0001179278,0.00007503861,0.0001357833,0.00005746883],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001106075,0.0001236671,0.8622537,0.00009439006,0.00006975039,0.00003270059,0.04613629,4.807578e-7,0.00006233412,0.07234719,0.002710988,0.01605791],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007247551,0.0003253465,0.9688736,0.000342142,0.00001658048,0.0000131548,0.01646595,0.00006541154,0.00001723687,0.009423652,0.003431448,0.0003007412],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8965816,0.0001482254,0.000006336199,0.0004373639,0.00008576892,0.0003644393,0.00001057819,0.0003018742,0.1020638],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998075,0.0000265297,0.000226628,0.0002005693,0.0002218952,0.0002407817,0.00001825286,0.00003039537,0.0009599517],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1066199,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5618651,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392721302","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.524023","title":"Co-Fostering Translanguaging Spaces through Design for Embodied (Re)connection","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Multilingual Education and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Translanguaging; Sociology; Embodied cognition; Semiotics; Normative; Scholarship; Epistemology; Computer science; Pedagogy; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2574486756757393,"gpt":0.487178361616838,"spread":0.2297296859410987,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007067254,0.00008539738,0.0001031939,0.00009047488,0.0005892233,0.0001709879,0.0001299406,0.00006766679,0.0001113455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004495492,0.00008813026,0.00005040596,0.0003820942,0.00006100629,0.0002872237,0.00000801159,0.00006436909,0.00007327749],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004874154,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009497388,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005672495,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008888149,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991682,0.00001452086,0.0001287048,0.0001923863,0.0001612616,0.0003349245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996209,0.0001078788,0.00006028167,0.00003433991,0.0001048471,0.00007172411],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004763512,0.0000322879,0.0006361068,0.0001527419,0.00002371406,4.805956e-7,0.87002,0.00002600122,0.00397619,0.05677495,0.02539463,0.04291524],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006316077,0.00007349362,0.0003344454,0.00008338265,0.00002982436,0.000001174458,0.2299649,0.001766683,0.01761022,0.01243754,0.7366654,0.000401394],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2791383,0.0002203604,0.004093226,0.01455599,0.001761533,0.001814016,0.0000127054,0.001726323,0.6966776],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991712,0.0001087349,0.002978794,0.0004060802,0.0009992352,0.0001239572,0.000006155441,0.00002020565,0.003644825],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7125737,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4531889,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392721323","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.294906","title":"Examining Active Learning Teacher Education Classroom Activities Using the ICAP Framework and Suggestions for Future Enhancements of ICAP","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Innovative Teaching Methods","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Class (philosophy); Active learning (machine learning); Mathematics education; Test (biology); Artificial intelligence; Psychology; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08489613949857028,"gpt":0.4185372258361091,"spread":0.3336410863375388,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00226774,0.0001061811,0.0001475082,0.0001284809,0.001232519,0.000084734,0.0001521207,0.0001335779,0.00002024924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002677114,0.00008970283,0.00002867898,0.0007385412,0.0002474226,0.0003405242,0.0000663432,0.0004399625,8.2424e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001198116,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001739152,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008478164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007029488,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989574,0.0001180697,0.0001609054,0.0002188006,0.0002521406,0.000292668],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989886,0.0004178078,0.0002446218,0.0000504458,0.0002639104,0.00003458269],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006098047,0.0001196169,0.07547956,0.0001652496,0.00009121626,7.714311e-8,0.3810787,0.00001194294,0.06012432,0.2736564,0.0007881589,0.2084237],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002382124,0.000131371,0.07116678,0.0004323505,0.00009394473,0.000001053138,0.8569013,0.0008157903,0.01129857,0.02755378,0.03099311,0.0003737395],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.98181,0.00005017391,0.008944908,0.0008191853,0.0004118309,0.000398867,0.000002410221,0.0001071186,0.007455546],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9648424,0.00004238154,0.0323718,0.00004450107,0.0008544587,0.00009520687,0.000003211271,0.00001982045,0.001726187],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4758226,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9479661,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392681698","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.430707","title":"Reframing From Design Fields: Supporting Pre-Service Teachers in Designerly Thinking","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Design Education and Practice","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Cognitive reframing; Conceptualization; Framing (construction); Design thinking; Computer science; Context (archaeology); Mathematics education; Human–computer interaction; Engineering; Psychology; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03473445397936982,"gpt":0.2869848201055966,"spread":0.2522503661262268,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001091611,0.0001631318,0.000157193,0.000192021,0.00008636946,0.0001820296,0.0002626882,0.0001414569,0.0001238485],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004263393,0.0001807354,0.0000269572,0.0008935197,0.000007710151,0.0006459979,0.00003230244,0.0004097054,0.0002377632],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000898644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003725589,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001646569,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002384523,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988065,0.00001971982,0.0003254311,0.0002443277,0.0002111181,0.000392841],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994277,0.0002644545,0.00007517539,0.00009474343,0.00005743357,0.00008046124],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001151032,0.0001396665,0.02429492,0.0005553079,0.0002088176,0.00006399643,0.5546042,0.03018082,0.08775314,0.001295357,0.0790895,0.2216992],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002176685,0.0001867533,0.05810211,0.001073493,0.0001859219,0.00003405022,0.08530842,0.6946934,0.07448514,0.02808266,0.05287379,0.002797563],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9409987,0.0002022127,0.03500115,0.001102269,0.0007940516,0.0005136855,0.000002608813,0.002237474,0.0191478],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9854885,0.0000450655,0.01352328,0.0003504986,0.0001771943,0.00005542868,0.00001093289,0.00005388479,0.0002952443],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6645126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7370176,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399489425","doi":"10.22318/icls2024.329393","title":"Transitioning an Active Learning Physics Course Between Professors was More Successful with a Third Person Acting as a Bridging Agent","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Bridging (networking); Course (navigation); Computer science; Mathematics education; Medical education; Psychology; Physics; Medicine; Computer security; Astronomy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06753146537048534,"gpt":0.4041145742934028,"spread":0.3365831089229174,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001923725,0.0003880956,0.0004079577,0.0001914321,0.0008318126,0.0003727861,0.0002314536,0.0001885003,0.00009853383],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001415798,0.0003428223,0.0001015619,0.0009203546,0.0001509484,0.0007705005,0.0000297172,0.002666588,0.00007087806],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001606365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001089451,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002028175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001704787,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975007,0.0002657797,0.000264761,0.000845797,0.0004318393,0.0006911246],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990935,0.0001675664,0.0002255197,0.00012197,0.0002588473,0.000132627],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000277969,0.0001519857,0.05141837,0.0003654186,0.0007033991,0.00009108533,0.608444,0.000161138,0.003550595,0.005391264,0.0002548841,0.3291899],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002884865,0.003349405,0.1480859,0.005035872,0.001431141,0.0003845019,0.7865477,0.01948814,0.0177299,0.000756442,0.01134018,0.002966049],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9465628,0.0001114479,0.01634233,0.0009339793,0.0003065917,0.0003474008,0.000004744235,0.001078433,0.03431227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923914,0.000001732377,0.003649319,0.0001289369,0.001332281,0.00009321744,0.00003607474,0.0001380013,0.002229049],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3262238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999024,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399488835","doi":"10.22318/icls2024.115171","title":"Connecting the Dots: Expanding on What is Scaffolded in Inquiry-Based Lab Approaches for College-level Physics","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Experimental Learning in Engineering","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Vanier College","funders":"","keywords":"Mathematics education; Physics; Computer science; Nanotechnology; Psychology; Materials science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07612152058038449,"gpt":0.2792039278050171,"spread":0.2030824072246326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003273163,0.0002567261,0.0001999318,0.0001309216,0.0001153019,0.0003940626,0.0002060051,0.00009655955,0.000008741031],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005376968,0.000220607,0.00008618331,0.0004986918,0.00002678221,0.0005098214,0.00003631055,0.0003120978,0.00001699066],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002719276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001384957,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001839884,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.599102e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988778,0.000004170794,0.0002253905,0.0003200182,0.0001868678,0.000385744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996262,0.000180458,0.00002485696,0.00009784923,0.00002505615,0.00004562683],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001073129,0.0001604644,0.0003837547,0.005222347,0.0003363167,0.00001515207,0.07476364,0.6987174,0.08793744,0.05807762,0.006464585,0.06781398],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004002929,0.00005463106,0.00002748064,0.001090747,0.00001451781,0.000003648273,0.0098626,0.8302327,0.1525588,0.0002652763,0.005172886,0.0003163638],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9475153,0.00707681,0.0317282,0.0007747794,0.003185735,0.001881967,0.00004616678,0.002708061,0.005082984],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946614,0.00003903193,0.004300134,0.00008584758,0.0004166828,0.0003158637,0.000007117791,0.0001286857,0.00004525232],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1315154,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8996094,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392721129","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.466707","title":"Exploring the Relationship Between Flying Performance and the Dynamic Changes of Emotions in an Aviation Training Task","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Disgust; Anger; Aviation; Task (project management); Psychology; Applied psychology; Cognitive psychology; Computer science; Aeronautics; Social psychology; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2221682998422496,"gpt":0.2988197662623307,"spread":0.07665146642008114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001414511,0.0000701484,0.0001065522,0.000150028,0.0003962293,0.0001117586,0.0002693297,0.00002050485,1.985032e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002150292,0.00004536435,0.00001737024,0.0006748954,0.00004313931,0.0007317541,0.00008621119,0.0001916791,0.000004052113],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002530442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001081541,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001624826,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000844527,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993159,0.00002948871,0.0001576018,0.0001654682,0.0001645707,0.0001669884],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994755,0.0002493543,0.0001119733,0.0000838827,0.00005991376,0.00001942567],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004758079,0.000004579835,0.4603711,0.000102426,0.000008596206,3.118568e-7,0.1378161,0.0003351824,0.0004611868,0.3398798,0.000003485764,0.06101245],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000130826,0.00002934858,0.898518,0.0001822119,0.000003896384,0.000001754324,0.004480292,0.09555253,0.00004018689,0.0008403353,0.0001570049,0.00006362351],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9913034,0.0000172588,0.007042522,0.001086373,0.0001146345,0.0001633887,3.612957e-7,0.00008504749,0.0001869835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999296,0.00002373578,0.0003307114,0.000009419767,0.00007850445,0.00005764967,0.000001063041,0.000006579877,0.0001963026],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4381469,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3047515,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411268330","doi":"10.22318/icls2025.112105","title":"Placemaking Through Artistic Pedagogy: Advancing Anti-Oppression in Public Spaces","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Art Education and Development","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Placemaking; Oppression; Sociology; Aesthetics; Computer science; Visual arts; Political science; Art; Architecture","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04026179531673935,"gpt":0.3195663054303308,"spread":0.2793045101135915,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001674001,0.0001189157,0.0001520024,0.0001749961,0.0003385702,0.0003420775,0.0001123648,0.00003312641,0.0007943289],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001758112,0.0001044744,0.00002376816,0.0001079659,0.00007015026,0.0005628606,0.00008197148,0.0001300656,0.00006381967],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008176446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001402343,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003774312,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001955654,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991232,0.000004110661,0.000230993,0.0002276934,0.0001312598,0.0002827756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996837,0.00002786334,0.00007818095,0.0000522288,0.0001219795,0.00003600545],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008601741,0.00008305519,0.01896306,0.0001275543,0.00001039867,0.000001211969,0.06763779,0.000001352627,0.0001511237,0.879774,0.03111328,0.002128561],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002896982,0.00001301672,0.003534813,0.0003133818,0.000007620436,0.000001229331,0.0420228,0.0002130414,0.0004958966,0.01261784,0.9403045,0.000186167],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3043587,0.0003471713,0.0001473347,0.005393066,0.0009932857,0.0002207066,0.000001366965,0.0001483063,0.68839],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9824621,0.00003943512,0.0006376082,0.0007930441,0.0001710082,0.00004178032,0.000003603858,0.000009907841,0.01584147],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9091912,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8697344,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411268497","doi":"10.22318/icls2025.487725","title":"“Nightshade Grows Well Here”: Exploring Rhizomatic Agency with Immigrant Growers in a Community Food Garden","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Organic Food and Agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Immigration; Agency (philosophy); Business; Geography; Sociology; Social science; Archaeology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02144476394266684,"gpt":0.1933723559060625,"spread":0.1719275919633957,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000201847,0.000218651,0.0002527341,0.00002746349,0.0003364939,0.0001015792,0.0004362951,0.00009811419,0.0001038731],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000400234,0.00007282474,0.00006823976,0.000900915,0.00004755788,0.0002842738,0.0001190417,0.0004537895,0.00002286705],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005810842,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009399536,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003288114,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001609128,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989009,0.00002932587,0.0002452711,0.000260452,0.0001954055,0.0003686244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999679,0.00005084806,0.00007823887,0.00004380042,0.00006808905,0.00008004685],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008679117,0.003826818,0.1286219,0.002070027,0.0005512983,0.00005841295,0.04645853,0.000007327694,0.6409797,0.01530294,0.02435807,0.1368971],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001679981,0.002937646,0.7954571,0.001974171,0.0001120699,0.00004573734,0.09917389,0.00006113383,0.05731497,0.003787346,0.03605868,0.001397274],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9819399,0.000204656,2.577823e-7,0.001995728,0.0000736611,0.0003008734,0.000006906058,0.0001374645,0.01534059],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991012,0.00007006891,0.0000580128,0.0001807345,0.00008623245,0.00007446294,0.00001272636,0.000001610239,0.0004149464],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6668352,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2969707,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411268843","doi":"10.22318/icls2025.322165","title":"Qualitative Research in the Age of LLMs: A Human-in-the-Loop Approach to Hybrid Thematic Analysis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Legal Education and Practice Innovations","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Thematic map; Thematic analysis; Computer science; Loop (graph theory); Qualitative research; Sociology; Geography; Social science; Mathematics; Cartography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3566284833994176,"gpt":0.595074222641302,"spread":0.2384457392418844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01491821,0.00005405282,0.0001404089,0.0007344878,0.0003964302,0.0002539828,0.0006309588,0.00003025827,0.00002373344],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003494924,0.00003534606,0.00004415222,0.01057286,0.0002114089,0.0002724435,0.00003141681,0.0004239941,0.000009029552],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008253012,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002148104,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004245345,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001000451,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982528,0.0004773472,0.0002907582,0.000167423,0.0006000013,0.0002116474],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984041,0.0009742423,0.00008043975,0.0001141523,0.0004099867,0.00001703114],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003392036,0.0001875218,0.000697513,0.00002937389,0.00001971689,1.875867e-7,0.4744214,0.000001197249,0.00003289017,0.5201797,0.004300452,0.000126609],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009564342,0.00001831935,0.003241876,0.00003735487,0.00004259678,1.685989e-7,0.9272665,0.00003389748,0.00003742177,0.05106936,0.01809926,0.00005759735],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2838129,0.00003040396,0.00009630065,0.05234404,0.00002346643,0.0006021599,0.000001429555,0.000008541983,0.6630808],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963939,0.000005510628,0.000477432,0.0009756449,0.00003424503,0.0002452236,0.000003810639,0.000002256361,0.001861939],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.712581,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.641772,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411270285","doi":"10.22318/icls2025.857791","title":"Placemaking in Dentistry: Enhancing Patient Engagement through Collaborative Art and Digital Storyboards","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Digital Imaging in Medicine","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Placemaking; Dentistry; Medicine; Visual arts; Art; Architecture","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01208534375040982,"gpt":0.3003058904008553,"spread":0.2882205466504455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002148087,0.0001834649,0.0003222357,0.0001712951,0.00006641084,0.000171682,0.00006092618,0.00005365421,0.00001845933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000865314,0.0001689777,0.00002530204,0.0005892761,0.0001287799,0.0005615153,0.0001537003,0.0002878753,0.00001278045],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000247562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001201423,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004557442,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004019266,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987127,0.000005624229,0.0003303465,0.0003625105,0.0003098972,0.0002789695],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994923,0.00004791021,0.00009024335,0.00008346748,0.0002151126,0.00007097814],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001489466,0.001818857,0.576691,0.005073861,0.0007124133,0.0008520777,0.05792243,0.00001133484,0.03464289,0.02770473,0.1674507,0.1256302],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01113102,0.00170887,0.04873817,0.01249486,0.0003684948,0.0002572713,0.06617871,0.001196773,0.05469896,0.00270516,0.799412,0.001109688],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7316801,0.0006165204,0.0003766277,0.0008332122,0.0002703719,0.000595595,0.000005668446,0.00009359977,0.2655283],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941967,0.00003573646,0.00218244,0.0009385651,0.0000539855,0.00005842727,0.00001068042,0.00001834424,0.002505138],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6319613,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6890709,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392681924","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.102256","title":"A Dystopian Game for Change: Building Asynchronous Learning Network Through Co-Design Partnerships Across Disciplines","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Educational Games and Gamification","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Game design; Embodied cognition; Practicum; Dystopia; Computer science; Literacy; Asynchronous communication; Game design document; Video game; Mathematics education; Set (abstract data type); Learning design; Sociology; Multimedia; Game Developer; Pedagogy; Psychology; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2350822364967511,"gpt":0.4466722861838088,"spread":0.2115900496870577,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008851981,0.0001948848,0.000215161,0.00005054653,0.000398249,0.0001351225,0.0002324263,0.0001520331,0.00007682784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001715011,0.0001879733,0.00008857284,0.0005639134,0.00007686762,0.0002423628,0.0000470917,0.0002165027,0.0002645542],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006515307,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002427725,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001261986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002975241,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982882,0.00002427818,0.0002825423,0.0005036122,0.0001689783,0.0007324026],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992415,0.0001922664,0.000198831,0.00011541,0.0001682098,0.0000837525],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004257005,0.0002959962,0.08157879,0.0005049848,0.0002803489,0.000005023654,0.2301404,0.00072067,0.001684303,0.5147151,0.1174166,0.05223198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00136086,0.0005464899,0.111156,0.0002370495,0.00007859577,0.00003032229,0.02917599,0.005145211,0.0005565774,0.02712259,0.8237179,0.0008723976],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8808018,0.002112329,0.06926958,0.02066104,0.005027289,0.005083147,0.00005081738,0.002488325,0.01450565],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9812455,0.00006280446,0.004647284,0.0003028229,0.003986801,0.002034475,0.00008019753,0.0000684968,0.007571673],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7063013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7665328,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399488019","doi":"10.22318/icls2024.105911","title":"Responding to Cultural Imperialism: Introducing Culturally Relevant Pedagogies Within Egyptian Educational System","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Education and Islamic Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Sociology; Cultural diversity; Anthropology; Computer science; Pedagogy; Epistemology; Philosophy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03395830144857382,"gpt":0.3701761371904577,"spread":0.3362178357418839,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009614312,0.000162804,0.0001839911,0.0003176095,0.000872012,0.0009882875,0.0002750014,0.00007280671,0.0001347171],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001608499,0.000128128,0.00006744084,0.001232609,0.0001304008,0.0006417593,0.00007680545,0.0001722581,0.0003103564],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006078414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003886794,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003470606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007239386,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984058,0.00002890227,0.00030975,0.000447902,0.000440928,0.0003667906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992012,0.00007766079,0.00007031322,0.00006742026,0.0004488228,0.0001345716],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009062093,0.000007481588,0.0004242938,0.0001026287,0.00002307697,5.716843e-7,0.3641739,0.000001067975,0.003101165,0.5678876,0.06366844,0.0006006758],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007209338,0.00003123074,0.000860223,0.0005931652,0.00003400873,0.00001371028,0.653509,0.00007366769,0.0006120114,0.0009255085,0.3429617,0.0003135921],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7611346,0.001104855,0.000009246166,0.06903044,0.007471645,0.0004861012,0.000006841063,0.000661823,0.1600945],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9582321,0.0001045738,0.002155628,0.0002293479,0.004255536,0.0001029588,0.000004764735,0.00001833451,0.03489677],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5669621,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9530079,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399489579","doi":"10.22318/icls2024.802482","title":"Interplay of Form and Function in Learners’ Re-Designed Games within a STEM Classroom","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Educational Games and Gamification","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"MacEwan University","funders":"","keywords":"Function (biology); Computer science; Mathematics education; Human–computer interaction; Multimedia; Psychology; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02714301470162091,"gpt":0.3142096245177667,"spread":0.2870666098161458,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003229422,0.00007957491,0.000105419,0.0001681833,0.00001486012,0.00004239975,0.00005613856,0.00008039695,0.0001069804],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002155728,0.00007031943,0.00002436441,0.0002491646,0.00003964913,0.0001537644,0.00001431946,0.0001354141,0.00003255373],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003998854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002393557,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002879397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001327807,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993203,0.000007399367,0.000230233,0.0002421517,0.00008942421,0.0001104717],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997588,0.00003710368,0.00006969042,0.00005071821,0.00005347285,0.00003016041],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004173395,0.0002350455,0.08384505,0.0006854028,0.0001312159,0.00000230003,0.1590912,0.000002128963,0.01445049,0.5741125,0.014226,0.1528013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002120416,0.002130862,0.5470977,0.001851481,0.0002274729,0.0001061984,0.2726309,0.00496555,0.00659041,0.04598203,0.1153179,0.0009790857],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9731921,0.001348075,0.0002902905,0.0009253026,0.0005601809,0.0001878903,0.000002014302,0.00006083656,0.02343332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937761,0.00002571397,0.0002153838,0.00006844519,0.000079969,0.00005973229,0.000003527344,0.00001441602,0.005756688],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5281305,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2867543,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411268663","doi":"10.22318/icls2025.993552","title":"Diversifying Understanding of Participatory Action Research for Critical Learning Curricula in Indian Classrooms","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Adult and Continuing Education Topics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Curriculum; Participatory action research; Citizen journalism; Action (physics); Computer science; Mathematics education; Action research; Sociology; Pedagogy; Psychology; World Wide Web; Physics; Anthropology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.358209411914391,"gpt":0.5232689906793305,"spread":0.1650595787649395,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001564456,0.00003934768,0.00008311958,0.0002285623,0.0004992638,0.00005912954,0.0001052112,0.00008381114,0.00002183156],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002999306,0.00004355856,0.00002788792,0.0005821076,0.0002252824,0.000194932,0.00002902894,0.0002230272,0.000001486579],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003376206,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001437338,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002079178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002660623,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992014,0.00004224952,0.0001337396,0.0001359543,0.0002096322,0.0002770811],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993851,0.0002639061,0.00003580782,0.00002252717,0.0002489986,0.000043648],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001509482,0.00004673803,0.2808182,0.0001629378,0.000004663152,1.93692e-7,0.05637598,0.000001323415,0.0001416484,0.6561903,0.0009844158,0.005258522],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003972676,0.0000618662,0.01097259,0.0005269412,0.00001763394,1.043533e-7,0.8716317,0.0005035825,0.0007744009,0.07378346,0.04119048,0.0001399689],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9410301,0.0001109614,0.002258933,0.005059829,0.0005640168,0.000397346,6.522415e-7,0.00005835505,0.05051978],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985118,0.00002355556,0.0002199715,0.00001935132,0.000103443,0.00003772548,4.905162e-7,0.000003357944,0.001080316],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8152557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3839984,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392681514","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.714805","title":"Examining Preservice Mathematics Teachers’ Instructional Moves in Promoting Student Agency","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Teacher Education and Leadership Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Agency (philosophy); Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Psychology; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2250871931295638,"gpt":0.4133800460570746,"spread":0.1882928529275108,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001273491,0.00009488325,0.0001224945,0.0001573707,0.0002687659,0.0001142615,0.0002516154,0.00006511515,0.00008450909],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006377586,0.00009611066,0.00002342518,0.0008968279,0.00009554515,0.0003043374,0.00007836947,0.0001984582,0.000075661],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001271172,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007680506,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001648587,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001712933,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987742,0.00002474547,0.0002193493,0.0002154095,0.0004290788,0.0003371631],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964,0.00005817166,0.00009458395,0.00004411197,0.00009386319,0.00006930546],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[5.302513e-7,0.00006441947,0.2053278,0.00004661283,0.000009950729,4.697004e-7,0.7849293,6.882813e-7,0.0001010951,0.005651085,0.0004678191,0.003400301],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001034646,0.000008769014,0.3358206,0.00005583635,0.000004654528,4.033397e-7,0.6586505,0.00004220876,0.00002251599,0.001531971,0.003662785,0.0000962847],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9523271,0.00006486915,0.000001456542,0.007406864,0.0002283315,0.000241857,4.48045e-7,0.000259751,0.03946932],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960627,0.00004521434,0.001160008,0.00006538353,0.0003276197,0.00009087397,0.00000130466,0.00001299815,0.002233916],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1304928,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3919279,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392721239","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.113658","title":"Exploring Changes Within a Cross-Context Community","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Mathematics education; Context effect; Computer science; Pedagogy; Psychology; Mathematics; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4938125107819786,"gpt":0.4580729646079738,"spread":0.03573954617400482,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005531522,0.0001629002,0.0001995403,0.0002619654,0.0006361139,0.0001051869,0.0003155196,0.00008490236,0.0001775853],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009078965,0.0001531463,0.00004120034,0.0009607797,0.0001240761,0.0001915874,0.0001297242,0.001277184,0.0009276328],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003819259,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009426652,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003251707,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001096958,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987774,0.0001949748,0.0002109787,0.0002432054,0.0001603782,0.0004130991],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993004,0.0001523346,0.0001415404,0.0001711935,0.0001775222,0.00005705326],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001709293,0.0001632371,0.166535,0.0001778507,0.0001576472,0.00001585278,0.5131261,0.000005517121,0.01048436,0.1150781,0.01179255,0.1822928],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00110349,0.0004566688,0.7923918,0.0001756183,0.00002262795,0.00003657831,0.07718185,0.0001486173,0.006621833,0.002651392,0.1185784,0.0006311373],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.918925,0.00002974876,0.00007946989,0.0004242685,0.001132993,0.0001100657,0.000002206188,0.001036754,0.07825954],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897331,0.000003901397,0.0008334769,0.0003892183,0.0003535423,0.0001906983,0.000006479344,0.00004619966,0.008443377],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6258568,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998503,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399489422","doi":"10.22318/icls2024.638463","title":"Students’ Representational and Relational Caring in STEM","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Human–computer interaction; Psychology; Cognitive science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05793129549371591,"gpt":0.3828699066023399,"spread":0.324938611108624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000523044,0.00003218136,0.00003656485,0.00006427814,0.000118996,0.0002043212,0.00005679032,0.00002978257,0.00008117397],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006796254,0.000032544,0.000008822504,0.0002036932,0.00005480619,0.0001968157,0.00002747915,0.00008799698,0.00002261979],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008949628,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008687839,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005515285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002106881,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993363,0.00000669478,0.00009493611,0.0001387965,0.0003236905,0.00009957892],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999841,0.00005058606,0.000007355459,0.00001091462,0.00004278498,0.00004735396],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[8.296992e-7,0.00001051326,0.2999974,0.00001579698,0.000003519125,9.142553e-7,0.02588865,1.913807e-7,0.000007675496,0.6701196,0.0005013809,0.003453601],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001902186,0.000009746201,0.642701,0.0003038738,0.000009280495,0.000003906468,0.03102007,0.0001865315,0.00004962701,0.1163677,0.2089494,0.000208631],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8589735,0.0003661534,0.00002749704,0.006976224,0.0003485829,0.0001121254,4.462956e-7,0.00008608631,0.1331094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954405,0.00005617717,0.0008427998,0.0001453327,0.0001240015,0.00001841803,8.894795e-7,0.000003364904,0.003368483],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5537518,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1970274,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411270373","doi":"10.22318/icls2025.993168","title":"Designing Curricula for an Uncertain World: A Critical Action Learning Approach","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Curriculum; Computer science; Action (physics); Action learning; Mathematics education; Teaching method; Sociology; Pedagogy; Psychology; Cooperative learning","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09553300108934404,"gpt":0.4316629890335545,"spread":0.3361299879442105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001107384,0.000080741,0.0001025298,0.0001386757,0.00100491,0.000271438,0.0001488348,0.00006914445,0.00003501889],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001553953,0.00008148609,0.00003870085,0.000589043,0.0001391202,0.0002929787,0.00001876115,0.0001593952,0.00000463106],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001637827,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000185563,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003840287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001646846,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990368,0.00003530334,0.0001454708,0.0002533045,0.0002141566,0.0003149935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993877,0.0001351092,0.00002556924,0.00002879287,0.0003062662,0.000116564],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001158429,0.0001318462,0.002751949,0.0001070819,0.000007643465,7.056922e-8,0.01103551,0.000005471567,0.0002891904,0.957185,0.004385168,0.02408951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003860598,0.00008423885,0.0006169948,0.0002686996,0.00006701194,0.000001015325,0.09821337,0.003424567,0.001530485,0.1724121,0.7225497,0.000445734],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01814105,0.0001572907,0.1479029,0.01324501,0.0012513,0.00100892,7.461208e-7,0.0007564218,0.8175364],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9075242,0.00001116726,0.08442443,0.0007644076,0.000283223,0.0002278392,0.000004882259,0.000008819155,0.006751076],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8893831,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7729054,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411268770","doi":"10.22318/icls2025.503399","title":"The Effects of Emotion Regulation and Students’ Perceived Challenges on Emotion Synchrony in Collaborative Learning","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Education and Learning Interventions","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Cognitive psychology; Psychology; Human–computer interaction","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0106869097134698,"gpt":0.2938137430964575,"spread":0.2831268333829877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000409195,0.00006622847,0.00008235647,0.0001449696,0.0001805269,0.0001181543,0.0001849218,0.00003901173,0.000001521562],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005493002,0.00005380892,0.00002009551,0.0003713325,0.00003673827,0.0001989742,0.00006025612,0.0001446356,0.000002543023],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006011166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002381357,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003921723,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004809363,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993582,0.00006027107,0.0001522547,0.0001879047,0.0001505255,0.00009078575],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994838,0.0001454329,0.0001090596,0.00006288393,0.0001817904,0.00001706003],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004067465,0.0005163816,0.2319396,0.0008913888,0.0000721727,4.1808e-7,0.07223878,0.0001781214,0.003841724,0.5548457,0.0009844477,0.1344506],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002862389,0.0002067864,0.9889529,0.0005747562,0.000004723262,4.159377e-7,0.003077351,0.004473181,0.0004725067,0.00121665,0.0006863173,0.00004822562],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919153,0.0005936805,0.001256689,0.002627434,0.0002585913,0.0002669033,4.911069e-8,0.00004918511,0.003032107],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981945,0.0004642299,0.0002780413,0.00002156163,0.00001558547,0.00002678062,4.934299e-7,0.000002829065,0.0009959613],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7570132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2194264,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392721146","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.844281","title":"Identifying Pre-Service Teachers’ Cognitive Engagement Patterns Using Time Series Clustering in a Programming Activity","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Online Learning and Analytics","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Student engagement; Cluster analysis; Cognition; Key (lock); Psychology; Computer science; Learning analytics; Mathematics education; Data science; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05582761874195614,"gpt":0.3287786594198296,"spread":0.2729510406778735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008080013,0.0001781699,0.0001955211,0.0002653225,0.0002158915,0.0005110495,0.0004005914,0.00006407579,0.000004642405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000141031,0.000189346,0.00004755269,0.001290512,0.00001739887,0.001403479,0.0007012088,0.0004074018,0.00005204847],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009290708,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004106768,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001405798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005407845,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985232,0.00003159738,0.0002048172,0.0004646336,0.0003026619,0.0004730448],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995375,0.00003958632,0.000135342,0.00009811662,0.0001171023,0.00007231309],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007491375,0.0005020433,0.3713393,0.001899399,0.0002255671,0.0001873351,0.2121827,0.002718111,0.03318244,0.0006835329,0.00007066281,0.376934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004142847,0.0000693986,0.04228185,0.0008287085,0.00002519028,0.00001778828,0.003676172,0.9500653,0.001812045,0.0001820601,0.000245048,0.0003821512],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9716676,0.000009999846,0.02660422,0.0006812731,0.00008618126,0.0002255457,0.000001487878,0.0005492029,0.0001744295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9846881,0.00001015151,0.01484027,0.00006035697,0.00009583752,0.00002607697,0.000003179915,0.00002269994,0.0002533151],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9473472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7721306,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392721319","doi":"10.22318/icls2023.491728","title":"“As a Woman, I Learned to Be Hard”: Exploring a Network of Dualisms in the Geoscience Education Department","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Outdoor and Experiential Education","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Harassment; Relation (database); Representation (politics); Sociology; Psychology; Political science; Law; Social psychology; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1309059989900396,"gpt":0.3912006003128526,"spread":0.260294601322813,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005629812,0.00008189917,0.00009752475,0.0001062813,0.00008944491,0.00004667003,0.0002301699,0.00003362485,0.0001220718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001560228,0.00006734223,0.0000301789,0.001296469,0.00003077946,0.0001474207,0.00004372165,0.00008317712,0.000229457],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004167698,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006406453,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003033815,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001409219,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990249,0.00001614596,0.0001905634,0.0002603608,0.0002101181,0.0002978906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996582,0.00002356906,0.0000641121,0.0001174945,0.00007994367,0.00005671574],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001647503,0.0004774794,0.02869216,0.00006307037,0.00002060096,0.000002596291,0.6844305,0.00005048656,0.002508166,0.09431798,0.1419531,0.04731904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004433472,0.0003899319,0.3521672,0.0001243914,0.00002559154,0.00002125963,0.268337,0.00007225941,0.001558602,0.004853157,0.3716542,0.0003530677],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9781193,0.00005540874,0.000009117062,0.005636804,0.001500075,0.0003572582,9.270776e-7,0.00005078714,0.01427037],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950256,0.00001678738,0.0002311013,0.001298468,0.0003804135,0.001142849,0.00000804456,0.00001075538,0.001885919],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4160935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2949282,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411267758","doi":"10.22318/icls2025.100255","title":"A Systematic Literature Review of Large Language Model Applications in the Algebra Domain","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings.","topic":"Topic Modeling","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Algebra over a field; Programming language; Domain (mathematical analysis); Mathematics; Pure mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00780541389418628,"gpt":0.27125327806474,"spread":0.2634478641705537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008590386,0.0000755799,0.0001927567,0.00008447871,0.00003978112,0.00006891863,0.000879848,0.00003437636,6.395134e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008756053,0.00004780691,0.00004696664,0.0009020428,0.000007695562,0.0001707949,0.0001223291,0.0001235626,0.000001710778],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001856582,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002776079,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":9.193225e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.927001e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992098,0.00001560267,0.0002918061,0.0001867796,0.0001692404,0.0001267454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994916,0.00003097842,0.00009372371,0.0002789297,0.00009122972,0.00001350908],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[2.194328e-7,0.00003112602,0.00004752927,0.1119934,0.000005249378,5.882694e-7,0.006455755,0.00000295087,0.00008734368,0.8808424,0.0003920421,0.0001413786],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004764082,0.00001795868,0.00009085074,0.3363302,0.00006376534,0.00002329128,0.002515146,0.585332,0.0004457185,0.07362522,0.0007590748,0.0003203347],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.002332588,0.123544,0.8554974,0.002592392,0.00003071823,0.001698481,0.000003660775,0.00008247269,0.01421834],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8494144,0.005916565,0.1336007,0.008725536,0.00005584997,0.001639888,0.000005498725,0.00001314397,0.0006283788],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8470818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1949509,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}