{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":48,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":48,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"7fbba0a76545","filters":{"venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications"}},"results":[{"id":"W2163613573","doi":"10.1002/pip.823","title":"Surface passivation of high‐efficiency silicon solar cells by atomic‐layer‐deposited Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":453,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Gender and Health; Stichting voor de Technische Wetenschappen","keywords":"Passivation; Materials science; Silicon; Layer (electronics); Aluminium; Aluminium oxide; Dielectric; Common emitter; Solar cell; Oxide; Aluminum oxide; Energy conversion efficiency; Optoelectronics; Stack (abstract data type); Atomic layer deposition; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Nanotechnology; Metallurgy; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Jan Schmidt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Agnes Merkle","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rolf Brendel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bram Hoex","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. C. M. van de Sanden","is_ca":false},{"name":"W. M. M. Kessels","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02437038617911202,"gpt":0.2751451647110078,"spread":0.2507747785318957,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009185092,0.0002383096,0.0003309251,0.0001586819,0.0001488913,0.0005164128,0.0003032231,0.0002758027,0.0009828297],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001636495,0.0001971749,0.0002713964,0.00009748765,0.0001621016,0.0002037362,0.0001829474,0.000286786,0.000377174],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001955128,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001733725,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007608072,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001019368,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999181,0.000006655273,0.000004300258,0.00001312025,0.00003365683,0.00002426642],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999315,0.00001707932,0.00001561443,0.00001154841,0.00001778107,0.000006514373],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004689719,0.00001061636,0.0001784314,0.00002662353,0.000009990169,0.00003530091,0.00002029683,0.000346526,0.9966586,0.00004941143,0.00007205066,0.002545286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001212016,0.0001112467,0.001744593,0.000003323912,0.00001533796,0.00004618522,0.00001815763,0.002336174,0.9947101,0.0000348395,0.0009644848,0.000003537051],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947179,0.0007585347,0.002476372,0.00004209739,0.00003606651,0.00001004617,0.00008086003,0.0001664755,0.001711715],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996484,0.0004684037,0.001245055,0.00001962603,0.00001111608,0.000005866253,0.0001022223,0.00003433083,0.001629208],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009828297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003287852,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2125056769","doi":"10.1002/pip.2466","title":"A review of floating photovoltaic installations: 2007–2013","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Wave and Wind Energy Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":363,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Centre for Excellence in Mining Innovation","funders":"Universitat de València; Universitat Politècnica de València; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Environmental science; Marine engineering; Scale (ratio); Agriculture; Agricultural engineering; Civil engineering; Meteorology; Engineering; Ecology; Geography; Electrical engineering; Cartography; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Kim Trapani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Miguel Redón Santafé","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07630747880584371,"gpt":0.3923351355752151,"spread":0.3160276567693714,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004642226,0.0008291699,0.0009894336,0.005034088,0.0002650031,0.0008021084,0.0009674204,0.0005763411,0.007426823],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001206208,0.0003984662,0.0005247442,0.006442322,0.000260826,0.001423774,0.0004919593,0.0006427149,0.003136814],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006189428,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00100324,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001682934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003226039,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996767,0.00002951472,0.00006401896,0.0000756546,0.0001352581,0.00001882894],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993675,0.0002180518,0.0001319789,0.00001734564,0.0002299782,0.0000351767],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004390877,0.0000323663,0.0003351455,0.02303912,0.00006257148,0.0001742149,0.00005508423,0.0003482722,0.001148008,0.001156044,0.02164059,0.9519647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005722718,0.00005880362,0.002068607,0.004978252,0.0001087328,0.001294208,0.00006814369,0.00006927393,0.0006799912,0.0004741525,0.9901773,0.0000168078],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005009416,0.9949366,0.0003518103,0.0001632805,0.0001992903,0.00001349247,0.0001528581,0.00001920976,0.00366249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001984624,0.9954813,0.0004349349,0.0001326895,0.0001262924,0.000009678258,0.0002034305,0.000005580222,0.001621485],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007426823,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02484524,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982518375","doi":"10.1002/pip.586","title":"Fundamental boron–oxygen‐related carrier lifetime limit in mono‐ and multicrystalline silicon","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":284,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Gender and Health; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung","keywords":"Silicon; Boron; Carrier lifetime; Materials science; Substrate (aquarium); Impurity; Metastability; Oxygen; Doping; Optoelectronics; Chemical physics; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Karsten Bothe","is_ca":false},{"name":"R.A. Sinton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jan Schmidt","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02510958186087996,"gpt":0.3107589707599989,"spread":0.285649388899119,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004291866,0.000219318,0.0003400425,0.0005549986,0.0002655116,0.0004663639,0.0003804499,0.0006097933,0.0008853375],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009941435,0.0001976865,0.0002048891,0.0002967912,0.0004250471,0.0004651849,0.0002923197,0.0002720036,0.0001915569],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006834913,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002898561,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00163512,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001483026,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997274,0.00001532535,0.0000149972,0.00007624616,0.0001084568,0.0000574753],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993966,0.0003327124,0.000107836,0.00005573518,0.00008629356,0.00002094489],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004737775,0.00006138721,0.01106162,0.0003771405,0.00005282278,0.000383658,0.0002301552,0.03104372,0.9387701,0.006512161,0.0003641016,0.01066939],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003190751,0.0005386616,0.02414895,0.00006542321,0.00007159103,0.0008587831,0.0001467726,0.1222077,0.8434457,0.005019689,0.003420369,0.00004445413],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9901422,0.002857447,0.004718528,0.00003038203,0.000007106316,0.0000101083,0.0002755141,0.00004564639,0.001913169],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984591,0.0002766911,0.0008697716,0.000004801129,0.000002364997,0.000008206753,0.0001656786,0.00000611074,0.0002073253],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00163512,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004959047,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158737532","doi":"10.1002/pip.1180","title":"Solar and photovoltaic forecasting through post‐processing of the Global Environmental Multiscale numerical weather prediction model","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":241,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Mean squared error; Environmental science; Meteorology; Forecast skill; Solar irradiance; Irradiance; Solar power; Climatology; Statistics; Power (physics); Mathematics; Engineering; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Sophie Pelland","is_ca":true},{"name":"George Galanis","is_ca":false},{"name":"George Kallos","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0712071386104998,"gpt":0.3130971969170576,"spread":0.2418900583065577,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003289441,0.0003808663,0.0002509405,0.0001977865,0.0001905466,0.0004339337,0.0003365315,0.0002184278,0.0007412367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001423891,0.0001744107,0.0003019152,0.0002962598,0.0001551987,0.0003654707,0.000326917,0.0004597718,0.0001785842],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006987329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001458376,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2191334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2021529,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998643,0.00001844226,0.000008170103,0.00004017556,0.00005080526,0.0000179824],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997342,0.00007221328,0.00003710679,0.0000325179,0.0001042062,0.00001980415],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000557149,0.00003838116,0.01837187,0.00001488934,0.00004128558,0.00004014662,0.00002517624,0.9505231,0.003559665,0.0004902927,0.0007893124,0.02605016],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005888072,0.000008461278,0.008620215,0.000001116153,0.0000050295,0.000002061579,0.00000478938,0.9903515,0.0006452093,0.0001244372,0.000226727,0.000004590273],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9288864,0.00008524321,0.06447782,0.0002601186,0.00006526014,0.00004257401,0.001350773,0.0009630811,0.003868911],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900546,0.0000231811,0.008781666,0.0000157564,0.000008979664,0.00001391651,0.0006960255,0.00001573265,0.0003901948],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2191334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4357157,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2135796605","doi":"10.1002/pip.420","title":"Experimental evidence of parasitic shunting in silicon nitride rear surface passivated solar cells","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":227,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Gender and Health; Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie","keywords":"Passivation; Silicon nitride; Materials science; Open-circuit voltage; Short circuit; Optoelectronics; Solar cell; Current density; Silicon; Optics; Voltage; Electrical engineering; Nanotechnology; Layer (electronics); Physics","authors":[{"name":"Stefan Dauwe","is_ca":false},{"name":"L. Mittelstädt","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. Metz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rudolf Hezel","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0725442239768979,"gpt":0.3427681332138561,"spread":0.2702239092369582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002532807,0.0002616684,0.0003003906,0.0001490564,0.0002545886,0.0003806895,0.0004951447,0.0004402995,0.002525388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005399691,0.0002449214,0.0001720959,0.0002237301,0.0002924237,0.0004100251,0.0002756074,0.0003968263,0.0004089832],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002121512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001018009,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005487313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006431959,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996785,0.00004440414,0.0000223046,0.00007392144,0.0001297199,0.00005109042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993935,0.0002410005,0.00009311266,0.0001300432,0.0001163448,0.0000259048],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001540518,0.00003321047,0.0007953136,0.00007299746,0.00001490673,0.0001412494,0.00005382218,0.0003391489,0.9967434,0.00009706451,0.00003997052,0.001514877],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001395091,0.000303935,0.003215814,0.000005345091,0.00001397385,0.0001347961,0.00002997325,0.001097506,0.9945863,0.00006615257,0.0005281673,0.000003909203],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964967,0.0004365261,0.00150925,0.00002011407,0.00001627101,0.00001652813,0.0001955934,0.00006724319,0.001241788],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982455,0.0002405795,0.000607447,0.0000118947,0.0000048766,0.00001069796,0.0001965822,0.00001451305,0.0006679974],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002525388,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008448243,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2966376266","doi":"10.1002/pip.3180","title":"Mass production of industrial tunnel oxide passivated contacts (i‐TOPCon) silicon solar cells with average efficiency over 23% and modules over 345 W","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":180,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Gender and Health","keywords":"Passivation; Materials science; Wafer; Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition; Chemical vapor deposition; Silicon; Layer (electronics); Solar cell; Substrate (aquarium); Oxide; Fabrication; Optoelectronics; Composite material; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Metallurgy; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Yifeng Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daming Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chengfa Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zigang Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yang Zou","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yu He","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yao Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ling Yuan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jian Gong","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wenjie Lin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xueling Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yang Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hui Shen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhiqiang Feng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pietro P. Altermatt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pierre Verlinden","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0247400541335194,"gpt":0.2727701022896843,"spread":0.2480300481561649,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002053123,0.000426775,0.0002131402,0.0002422028,0.0002072603,0.0003497425,0.0003283995,0.0002374607,0.00126838],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001633661,0.000130466,0.0002605834,0.0002601829,0.0001279961,0.0002306888,0.0002003435,0.0002171902,0.0003203529],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002807351,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001311059,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008772726,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00159803,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998411,0.00001051644,0.000006315857,0.00003594285,0.0000782627,0.0000278522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999135,0.00001252415,0.00001105638,0.00002099167,0.00002647299,0.00001545977],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005295508,0.00004989094,0.001665303,0.00002950943,0.00001723563,0.0001000445,0.00003211581,0.0007115828,0.9881281,0.000104927,0.0004545382,0.008653756],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002748777,0.0003486382,0.0120327,0.000005091375,0.00003390657,0.0001846353,0.00002739325,0.002735141,0.9798682,0.00004121268,0.004688579,0.000007026459],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9881994,0.0004333624,0.006829221,0.00003292695,0.00001457802,0.00003074681,0.0003703079,0.0003740975,0.003715431],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9853023,0.0002394683,0.01134546,0.00001220138,0.000008016452,0.00003656237,0.001138554,0.00005012252,0.001867216],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00126838,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004243195,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2203166700","doi":"10.1002/pip.2712","title":"PERC+: industrial PERC solar cells with rear Al grid enabling bifaciality and reduced Al paste consumption","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":119,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Gender and Health; Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie","keywords":"Materials science; Common emitter; Solar cell; Screen printing; Optoelectronics; Electrical engineering; Aluminium; Busbar; Composite material; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Thorsten Dullweber","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher Kranz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robby Peibst","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ulrike Baumann","is_ca":false},{"name":"Helge Hannebauer","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. Fülle","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stefan Steckemetz","is_ca":false},{"name":"T. Weber","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. Kutzer","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. Müller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gerd Fischer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Phedon Palinginis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Holger Neuhaus","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1261096520595184,"gpt":0.3479835799609365,"spread":0.2218739279014182,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009839217,0.0002443649,0.0001994412,0.0001935921,0.0002042713,0.0005313585,0.0006267892,0.000368001,0.00182093],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009657608,0.0001366171,0.0001799478,0.0002826963,0.0001322885,0.000317471,0.0003305618,0.0003717067,0.001061105],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002638152,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000141461,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006138643,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001009797,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998276,0.000007590883,0.000007784491,0.00004745253,0.00008650401,0.0000230637],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999346,0.000002504896,0.00001323081,0.00001533516,0.000028722,0.000005591197],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005927874,0.00004293485,0.0006066734,0.00006298122,0.000007756112,0.000112344,0.00002133854,0.0004843145,0.9838483,0.0005282703,0.0009485589,0.01327735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002592064,0.000292008,0.002349153,0.000005942748,0.00001516858,0.0004133469,0.0000206107,0.003833073,0.9775766,0.0001082718,0.01535102,0.000009023767],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9488574,0.0007318915,0.02383826,0.000139664,0.00009555206,0.00006703169,0.0007177382,0.001200247,0.02435227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9761504,0.0002703643,0.01663144,0.00004345004,0.0000196274,0.00003413615,0.0005181465,0.00007574057,0.00625671],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00182093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006091595,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2134737155","doi":"10.1002/pip.510","title":"Novel applications of bifacial solar cells","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"solar cell performance optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":111,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Gender and Health","keywords":"Materials science","authors":[{"name":"Rudolf Hezel","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02856785568237203,"gpt":0.3071336188799378,"spread":0.2785657631975658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008811828,0.0003430036,0.0002119242,0.0002893316,0.0002434305,0.0004342909,0.000361864,0.0004370589,0.00346817],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001157787,0.0001136972,0.0001943032,0.0003691931,0.0001116046,0.0005171608,0.0002887653,0.0003132728,0.0007508729],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002533648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000985098,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003420087,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008000706,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999255,0.000005524627,0.000004503405,0.00001773003,0.00002856469,0.00001813035],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999616,0.000006303223,0.000005634181,0.000004091038,0.0000154254,0.000007051705],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000123252,0.00004597591,0.0005786266,0.0003122259,0.00001682942,0.000317584,0.00004965367,0.001857814,0.9210608,0.006621923,0.003166498,0.06584884],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000725104,0.0003257603,0.002336473,0.00006340438,0.00005906821,0.00243505,0.00007634459,0.02674436,0.8551723,0.004599163,0.1080778,0.00003788974],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7977664,0.03833527,0.0781429,0.001525025,0.001254971,0.0001030903,0.0009996134,0.001523378,0.08034939],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9664692,0.0057434,0.01873885,0.0001268381,0.0001330799,0.00002917909,0.0002500331,0.00003358201,0.008475844],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00346817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01160216,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2140383608","doi":"10.1002/pip.2302","title":"Empirical assessment of short‐term variability from utility‐scale solar PV plants","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Smart Grid Energy Management","field":"Engineering","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Metric (unit); Environmental science; Dispersion (optics); Reliability (semiconductor); Scale (ratio); Grid; Aggregate (composite); Term (time); Power station; Power (physics); Mathematics; Engineering; Geography; Electrical engineering; Cartography; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Rob van Haaren","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mahesh Morjaria","is_ca":false},{"name":"Vasilis Fthenakis","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06764243321182047,"gpt":0.3890760588804786,"spread":0.3214336256686581,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001112548,0.0001748272,0.0002122896,0.0004617995,0.0002050638,0.0004553304,0.0005444965,0.000389877,0.000323979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005698716,0.0001708726,0.0003506175,0.0007840018,0.0003688431,0.0004394167,0.0002921765,0.0004745016,0.00008759325],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006143873,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001802896,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01584151,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01630833,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996794,0.000108759,0.00001949108,0.00007194448,0.00008598735,0.00003432294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961128,0.002253929,0.0005939812,0.0004318,0.0004371839,0.0001702148],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002457775,0.0001444332,0.6603636,0.00004520896,0.0002327374,0.0003884645,0.0002711857,0.3230883,0.003209847,0.0009309821,0.0009241852,0.01015522],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001489222,0.0001027741,0.5707464,0.00001065812,0.00002861612,0.0002091964,0.0002437819,0.4261717,0.001129607,0.0007490991,0.000562367,0.00003097423],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981832,0.00003062433,0.001273686,0.00002930117,0.000002267422,0.00000436842,0.0002280834,0.00001550323,0.0002328469],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995504,0.00001116236,0.0001299702,0.000002381899,0.000001729903,0.000002012689,0.0002738283,0.000001651143,0.00002686656],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01584151,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03149861,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2154550775","doi":"10.1002/pip.2567","title":"Learning curve analysis of concentrated photovoltaic systems","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"solar cell performance optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Photovoltaics; Photovoltaic system; Software deployment; Volume (thermodynamics); Electricity; Learning curve; Range (aeronautics); Environmental science; Computer science; Econometrics; Engineering physics; Electrical engineering; Mathematics; Engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics; Aerospace engineering","authors":[{"name":"Joan E. Haysom","is_ca":true},{"name":"Omid Jafarieh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hanan Anis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Karin Hinzer","is_ca":true},{"name":"David J. Wright","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02319097094983786,"gpt":0.3065888551100141,"spread":0.2833978841601762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001690482,0.0004920953,0.0006493039,0.001355997,0.0002649255,0.0007826262,0.0007428359,0.0006703454,0.002408354],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01101862,0.0002160454,0.0007587991,0.0009986089,0.0005323323,0.0009485581,0.0005159373,0.0009027167,0.0004252906],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001257477,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004539663,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006705245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001862105,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993942,0.0001687321,0.00002684016,0.0001000409,0.0002192729,0.00009096028],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9932286,0.004714292,0.0006753888,0.0002732914,0.0009972324,0.0001112934],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000801722,0.00004490781,0.004437789,0.00006040667,0.0000362275,0.0001038316,0.00006667293,0.9726861,0.001101968,0.002552832,0.0004271186,0.01840204],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026228,0.00002614004,0.002036036,0.000004794878,0.000003289615,0.00002550944,0.00001294864,0.9958931,0.0004686828,0.001370688,0.0001493761,0.000006755893],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7782112,0.0005615546,0.2042396,0.0005023581,0.00002487051,0.0001512994,0.000507248,0.0007090197,0.01509295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994332,0.00008234618,0.00382685,0.00002336657,0.000007591399,0.00003181108,0.0001773883,0.00003320851,0.001485597],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006705245,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01333243,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092904023","doi":"10.1002/pip.758","title":"Laser ablation of SiO<sub>2</sub>for locally contacted Si solar cells with ultra‐short pulses","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Gender and Health","keywords":"Common emitter; Materials science; Laser; Ablation; Optoelectronics; Laser ablation; Etching (microfabrication); Saturation current; Pulse (music); Saturation (graph theory); Layer (electronics); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Optics; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Electrical engineering; Voltage","authors":[{"name":"P. Engelhart","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sonja Hermann","is_ca":false},{"name":"T. Neubert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Heiko Plagwitz","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. Grischke","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rüdiger Meyer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ulrich Klug","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aart Schoonderbeek","is_ca":false},{"name":"U. Stute","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rolf Brendel","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02432552307075968,"gpt":0.2993720324424473,"spread":0.2750465093716876,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006642172,0.0001389061,0.0001580331,0.00009660113,0.0001159576,0.000178885,0.0002110677,0.000200383,0.001533542],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001242813,0.0001192253,0.0001465627,0.00009308786,0.0001645343,0.0001825042,0.0002005954,0.0002105142,0.0002934884],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001899437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001041954,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003142381,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007353296,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999421,0.000004581585,0.0000026485,0.00001146939,0.00002460136,0.0000147072],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992,0.00003225693,0.00001534331,0.00001281063,0.00001109185,0.000008474058],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001214952,0.000004264431,0.0001256343,0.00001688151,0.000001614646,0.00002342884,0.00001043359,0.00006999899,0.9986375,0.00002176913,0.00002518991,0.001051071],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006333277,0.00008598185,0.002714374,0.000003644791,0.000004647603,0.00007312225,0.00001392715,0.001056658,0.9952378,0.00001816735,0.0007829199,0.00000247599],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937752,0.0007336042,0.003846125,0.00003642968,0.00001893143,0.000009193077,0.00003748142,0.0000660496,0.001476956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963637,0.0002312544,0.002067014,0.00001743494,0.000005444685,0.000008661102,0.00003589547,0.00001705728,0.001253549],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001533542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005130172,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982189482","doi":"10.1002/pip.1056","title":"Performance comparison of AlGaAs, GaAs and InGaP tunnel junctions for concentrated multijunction solar cells","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"solar cell performance optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Cyrium Technologies (Canada); Université de Sherbrooke; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Suns in alchemy; Optoelectronics; Doping; Gallium arsenide; Materials science; Quantum tunnelling; Solar cell; Tunnel junction; Equivalent series resistance; Voltage; Electrical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Jeffrey F. Wheeldon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher E. Valdivia","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alexandre W. Walker","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gitanjali Kolhatkar","is_ca":true},{"name":"Abdelatif Jaouad","is_ca":true},{"name":"Artur Turala","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bruno Riel","is_ca":true},{"name":"Denis Masson","is_ca":true},{"name":"N. Puetz","is_ca":true},{"name":"S. Fafard","is_ca":true},{"name":"Richard Arès","is_ca":true},{"name":"Vincent Aimez","is_ca":true},{"name":"Trevor J. Hall","is_ca":true},{"name":"Karin Hinzer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03561087999510387,"gpt":0.3320399378021087,"spread":0.2964290578070048,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003086278,0.0002712128,0.0004011907,0.0003370293,0.0002633862,0.0005143598,0.0006513756,0.0004079731,0.0007001037],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004273327,0.000182077,0.0002467934,0.0002836769,0.0001760335,0.0003315936,0.0002954691,0.0001524296,0.0001366878],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004686016,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001681381,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009832124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002606585,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998236,0.00001861811,0.00001102771,0.00003473661,0.0000917221,0.0000202201],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997107,0.00006402285,0.00004751259,0.00003172588,0.0001148774,0.00003102427],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00038476,0.00007836975,0.001563997,0.0001695005,0.0000503109,0.0000717448,0.0000744894,0.008459345,0.9829396,0.0002347439,0.0001024989,0.0058706],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007347723,0.001512629,0.006453925,0.00002514604,0.0001093226,0.0001756054,0.00007724878,0.03087084,0.9597371,0.00009468267,0.0008475438,0.00002239891],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982742,0.0004844843,0.0008276207,0.000008582756,0.000005979182,0.000005748402,0.00002039432,0.00002693278,0.0003460043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977915,0.0001902486,0.001504775,0.000006694201,0.000004533425,0.000008890002,0.0000460251,0.00000864391,0.0004386587],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009832124,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003399909,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2998548575","doi":"10.1002/pip.3229","title":"An investigation of a wash‐durable solar energy harvesting textile","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","field":"Engineering","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Trent University; Nottingham Trent University","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Energy harvesting; Textile; Solar cell; Materials science; Solar energy; Yarn; Wearable computer; Mechanical engineering; Power (physics); Electrical engineering; Composite material; Engineering; Optoelectronics; Embedded system","authors":[{"name":"Achala Satharasinghe","is_ca":false},{"name":"Theodore Hughes‐Riley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tilak Dias","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02906575671515982,"gpt":0.3076851480948997,"spread":0.2786193913797399,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000198062,0.0001447508,0.0001275524,0.0001311437,0.0001406148,0.0003349207,0.0001120805,0.0002629288,0.000790876],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001768809,0.0001138412,0.0001875278,0.0001004953,0.0001579823,0.0002574683,0.0001213367,0.0001745565,0.0001815391],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000129937,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006995297,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000132743,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002061117,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999158,0.00001429357,0.000004712673,0.00001430606,0.0000363568,0.00001448484],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998952,0.00002545868,0.00002328594,0.0000159876,0.00002853459,0.00001163106],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001660808,0.00001107367,0.0001654403,0.00004307286,0.000001680384,0.00008526783,0.00003162218,0.0001564588,0.9979323,0.00006678551,0.00001446931,0.001475238],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004933167,0.0003957905,0.003595634,0.0000138048,0.000008031778,0.0002548219,0.0000955635,0.002162559,0.9912255,0.000047952,0.002190178,0.000005231109],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939631,0.0005870035,0.003825266,0.00003756609,0.00002366301,0.00001593114,0.00002821949,0.00001976947,0.001499493],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936717,0.0003187889,0.003963958,0.00001607476,0.000005024037,0.000009302602,0.00002876028,0.000008954171,0.001977458],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.000790876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002645731,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125741799","doi":"10.1002/pip.3395","title":"Deep learning‐based automatic detection of multitype defects in photovoltaic modules and application in real production line","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques","field":"Energy","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Optech (Canada)","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Confusion matrix; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Convolutional neural network; Line (geometry); Production line; Object detection; Photovoltaic system; Pattern recognition (psychology); Deep learning; Compensation (psychology); Confusion; Computer vision; Engineering; Mathematics; Electrical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Zhao Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ke Zhan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zhen Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Wenzhong Shen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02982781175951469,"gpt":0.3402785281248892,"spread":0.3104507163653745,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004566584,0.0005414289,0.0003771535,0.0007584756,0.0001385825,0.000370534,0.0005551121,0.0005430422,0.000636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006829131,0.0001816303,0.0003106851,0.0003983302,0.0001666464,0.000368135,0.0002961002,0.000274623,0.0002725436],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003778468,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002210445,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003392,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003315328,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997151,0.00005181025,0.00001367159,0.00009993041,0.00007973213,0.0000396342],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995878,0.000108823,0.00005907075,0.00006603129,0.0001537021,0.0000245576],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007227177,0.0005896582,0.0412662,0.0002282861,0.0001527712,0.0005539585,0.000132111,0.2836698,0.1585886,0.0003607395,0.004455259,0.50928],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008788159,0.00009754764,0.007836839,0.000005024505,0.00001231636,0.00004644814,0.00002484737,0.9639952,0.02749993,0.0001301585,0.0003340307,0.000008878836],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8392966,0.0002934219,0.1553944,0.0001304227,0.0000342655,0.0000364793,0.0003525046,0.003296203,0.001165693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9762796,0.00004513992,0.02245662,0.00002831981,0.000004528469,0.00001441126,0.0003384044,0.00003005949,0.000802889],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003392,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006744564,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115884059","doi":"10.1002/pip.725","title":"19% efficient<i>n</i>‐type Czochralski silicon solar cells with screen‐printed aluminium‐alloyed rear emitter","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Gender and Health","keywords":"Common emitter; Wafer; Materials science; Silicon; Aluminium; Optoelectronics; Monocrystalline silicon; Solar cell; Nanotechnology; Composite material","authors":[{"name":"Christian Schmiga","is_ca":false},{"name":"H. Nagel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jan Schmidt","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02228893370478799,"gpt":0.2911906275769175,"spread":0.2689016938721295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001675088,0.0003435677,0.0004417089,0.0001917761,0.000185453,0.0007390946,0.0006078305,0.000318659,0.001841203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001600013,0.0002280087,0.0002486188,0.0001759689,0.0002214327,0.0003359541,0.0003052415,0.0003407622,0.001702904],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004229618,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000244243,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001799758,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003638589,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997452,0.00001430414,0.0000136738,0.00004541971,0.0001326977,0.00004872888],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999154,0.00001459571,0.00002102142,0.00001855109,0.000020313,0.00001029083],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004872191,0.00001940898,0.000233393,0.0000372644,0.000007697796,0.00007821139,0.00001769375,0.0004098778,0.9952996,0.0001774232,0.0004335202,0.003237126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001009954,0.00002257348,0.0006636187,0.000002377483,0.000008316732,0.00007502703,0.000005093656,0.001195503,0.9956917,0.00003176357,0.00228964,0.000004288733],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.966742,0.001287008,0.009645763,0.00007982016,0.00007142653,0.0000375485,0.0007930148,0.001220324,0.02012307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9812476,0.0007055616,0.0086702,0.0000286266,0.00001531944,0.00002195349,0.0006036767,0.0001041026,0.008602929],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001841203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006159484,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2203919652","doi":"10.1002/pip.2709","title":"Pushing the limits of concentrated photovoltaic solar cell tunnel junctions in novel high‐efficiency GaAs phototransducers based on a vertical epitaxial heterostructure architecture","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"solar cell performance optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Exfo Electro-Optical Engineering (Canada)","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Heterojunction; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Common emitter; Diode; Absorption (acoustics); Stacking; Tunnel junction; Semiconductor; Chemical vapor deposition; Photovoltaic system; Fabrication; Solar cell; Optics; Electrical engineering; Chemistry; Quantum tunnelling; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Denis Masson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Francine Proulx","is_ca":true},{"name":"S. Fafard","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03945352455420118,"gpt":0.291794361911601,"spread":0.2523408373573998,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001133196,0.0001485077,0.0001526058,0.0001051542,0.0001465071,0.0004424964,0.0004348522,0.0002451443,0.0003583695],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001380861,0.000159829,0.0001016571,0.0000737926,0.0001495563,0.000376361,0.0001661782,0.0002301374,0.0001419722],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002478127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001402981,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004673766,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00140351,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999485,0.000004850035,0.000002915597,0.00001278427,0.00001943961,0.00001158203],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998862,0.00002992406,0.00002736436,0.00001640071,0.00002507651,0.00001505493],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001938518,0.00001524843,0.0001555386,0.00001908173,0.000005259942,0.00003890825,0.00001141234,0.001068483,0.997189,0.0004027221,0.0000233131,0.00105163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002540004,0.0003905531,0.002124247,0.00001512338,0.00002579861,0.0001868068,0.00003487457,0.0306933,0.9648024,0.0003226366,0.001368431,0.00001038058],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953083,0.0004075693,0.003521431,0.00002073268,0.000007323208,0.000005360931,0.00001734419,0.00005206373,0.0006598104],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969314,0.0001718319,0.002538929,0.000006891603,0.000004636402,0.000006441876,0.00001641828,0.000006157207,0.0003171802],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0004673766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001797974,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2155108602","doi":"10.1002/pip.732","title":"Laser structuring for back junction silicon solar cells","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Gender and Health; Australian Government","keywords":"Wafer; Laser; Laser ablation; Materials science; Crystalline silicon; Silicon; Fabrication; Solar cell; Optoelectronics; Structuring; Ablation; Float (project management); Materials processing; Optics; Process engineering; Engineering; Aerospace engineering; Physics","authors":[{"name":"P. Engelhart","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nils‐Peter Harder","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. Grischke","is_ca":false},{"name":"Agnes Merkle","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rüdiger Meyer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rolf Brendel","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02918365329846158,"gpt":0.3002179016139611,"spread":0.2710342483154995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006276315,0.0001929746,0.0002475265,0.0001896237,0.0003444504,0.0004080406,0.0003604668,0.0003444088,0.003854187],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001443384,0.0002153913,0.0001673043,0.0001195345,0.0001874259,0.0002898661,0.0003156622,0.0003650065,0.001137553],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003942154,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024456,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005171867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009563791,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998913,0.000005340149,0.000005115047,0.00002712769,0.00005584675,0.00001515475],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999143,0.00002900097,0.00001881397,0.00001406454,0.00001740313,0.000006376127],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002386144,0.00001236513,0.00007303138,0.00005182574,0.000003711344,0.00006293568,0.00004166154,0.0003431775,0.9949144,0.0003676126,0.0003001754,0.003805324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002148021,0.0000776567,0.0003902771,0.000006169849,0.000007244073,0.0001572331,0.00002296377,0.002968645,0.9884536,0.0002084598,0.007679004,0.000007401589],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9230578,0.002962737,0.05580626,0.000404075,0.0002941881,0.0001338503,0.0003603877,0.00113788,0.01584285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9301037,0.001242195,0.05888606,0.0001886076,0.00006994378,0.0001023684,0.0002380195,0.0001768118,0.008992315],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003854187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01289356,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2061032469","doi":"10.1002/pip.594","title":"Effect of dissociation of iron–boron pairs in crystalline silicon on solar cell properties","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Gender and Health; Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz, nukleare Sicherheit und Verbraucherschutz; University of New South Wales","keywords":"Solar cell; Dissociation (chemistry); Silicon; Open-circuit voltage; Silicon solar cell; Boron; Contamination; Degradation (telecommunications); Short circuit; Materials science; Carrier lifetime; Crystalline silicon; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Voltage; Optoelectronics; Environmental chemistry; Physics; Physical chemistry; Electronic engineering","authors":[{"name":"Jan Schmidt","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02097778942234221,"gpt":0.3009504366345486,"spread":0.2799726472122064,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002192279,0.0001934667,0.0004829772,0.0001281292,0.0002814565,0.0004368548,0.0002078036,0.0003285329,0.001183364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001050095,0.0002174635,0.0002153823,0.0001778447,0.0003487749,0.0002566374,0.0002229701,0.0003010529,0.0001432748],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004776669,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002274689,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001291038,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001241912,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998511,0.0000170724,0.000007252171,0.00002268936,0.00006593653,0.00003595189],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993876,0.0004135866,0.00007810861,0.00003526104,0.00005478344,0.00003054408],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001275652,0.0001227688,0.008917212,0.0001946846,0.00009621702,0.0004812324,0.0002344838,0.08642697,0.8939125,0.0005412001,0.0001564962,0.007640651],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006939867,0.0007308351,0.00973401,0.00001516819,0.00003610368,0.0001956172,0.0001711814,0.09793773,0.8903689,0.0001611618,0.000558634,0.00002126586],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990801,0.0001080946,0.0004143951,0.00001339049,0.000002311516,0.000002501722,0.00003248782,0.00001516877,0.0003316707],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996184,0.00005955125,0.0001769411,0.000005038151,6.830215e-7,0.000001436673,0.00003247802,0.000005436154,0.00009997498],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001291038,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003958762,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2147492726","doi":"10.1002/pip.864","title":"Comparing Photovoltaic Capacity Value Metrics: A Case Study for the City of Toronto","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Electric Power System Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Independent Electricity System Operator; Ontario Power Authority","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Peak demand; Environmental science; Grid; Nameplate capacity; Value (mathematics); Peaking power plant; Capacity factor; Range (aeronautics); Meteorology; Statistics; Mathematics; Electricity; Power (physics); Electricity generation; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Geography; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Sophie Pelland","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ihab Abboud","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1193281542123457,"gpt":0.3581722740692869,"spread":0.2388441198569413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005419762,0.0004715428,0.0002875131,0.001994502,0.0009263265,0.001325854,0.0006840067,0.0004708055,0.001167002],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00198272,0.0001662745,0.0004329001,0.00571255,0.0006561455,0.0004277662,0.0005487122,0.0002776593,0.0001016962],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01657764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003740609,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9063601,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9429281,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995023,0.0001011784,0.00002342459,0.00006723176,0.0001883152,0.0001174945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982824,0.0005479573,0.0002340503,0.0001182249,0.000650963,0.0001663812],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004835483,0.0003178466,0.6349965,0.0004366491,0.0003898224,0.00658504,0.003019812,0.2972074,0.004587349,0.004824486,0.0082775,0.03887414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004009538,0.0001803424,0.8049645,0.00005116343,0.0001057953,0.0004147063,0.008463183,0.1778422,0.002251676,0.0005098727,0.005080046,0.00009633721],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931511,0.0001686231,0.0008760276,0.0001185108,0.00000561997,0.00006453367,0.002694555,0.00003148775,0.002889663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996641,0.00009319583,0.001054686,0.000007328727,0.000002703246,0.00001558383,0.001547949,0.000005476555,0.000632007],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09363991,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1883827,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404250542","doi":"10.1002/pip.3859","title":"Autonomous Intelligent Monitoring of Photovoltaic Systems: An In‐Depth Multidisciplinary Review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; European Commission; Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet","keywords":"Multidisciplinary approach; Photovoltaic system; Systems engineering; Computer science; Environmental science; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Mohammadreza Aghaei","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mohammad Kolahi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amir Nedaei","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sayyed Majid Esmailifar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Asghar Aghamohammadi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aline Kirsten Vidal de Oliveira","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aref Eskandari","is_ca":false},{"name":"Parviz Parvin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jafar Milimonfared","is_ca":false},{"name":"V. Sugumaran","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ricardo Rüther","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04857504650091928,"gpt":0.3795862023633362,"spread":0.3310111558624169,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001184644,0.0008815079,0.00100138,0.002434982,0.000303681,0.001482368,0.000877449,0.001031017,0.001862436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001652891,0.0003537707,0.000872183,0.002713599,0.0004469736,0.001936672,0.0008065089,0.0009505955,0.000632274],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005113865,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001267532,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001139544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009688774,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995055,0.00009369625,0.0000564595,0.0001290344,0.0001694513,0.00004585522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986188,0.0008185509,0.0001254346,0.00003885468,0.0003539549,0.00004432214],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007018967,0.0001002153,0.001348463,0.02865463,0.0002173431,0.0002232377,0.0002275749,0.003301894,0.00468494,0.01221578,0.01836244,0.9305933],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001390842,0.0002935292,0.00413,0.0103483,0.0005330335,0.001568984,0.00044137,0.004715055,0.004533088,0.01032572,0.9629956,0.0001013056],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0007638776,0.9937915,0.0027227,0.0004568614,0.0003575075,0.00001024123,0.00002630105,0.00002182845,0.001849175],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.007716039,0.9892481,0.001622758,0.000226661,0.0005331414,0.00001186839,0.00004712941,0.000007428329,0.0005868206],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002434982,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006265044,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2929467161","doi":"10.1002/pip.3125","title":"Complementary etching behavior of alkali, metal‐catalyzed chemical, and post‐etching of multicrystalline silicon wafers","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Nanowire Synthesis and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Morgan Solar (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Etching (microfabrication); Materials science; Wafer; Isotropic etching; Microstructure; Alkali metal; Silicon; Reactive-ion etching; Texture (cosmology); Dry etching; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Mineralogy; Composite material; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Shuai Zou","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xiaoya Ye","is_ca":true},{"name":"Chengkun Wu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kexun Cheng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Liang Fang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rujun Tang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mingrong Shen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xusheng Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xiaodong Su","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02555157987014366,"gpt":0.3211839437410083,"spread":0.2956323638708646,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001122874,0.0002353594,0.0002421553,0.0001514408,0.0001069454,0.0002052228,0.0002609342,0.0002506184,0.0009691992],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002964397,0.0002295177,0.000157846,0.0001453178,0.000117803,0.0001540697,0.0001656259,0.0002122194,0.0001930603],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002148599,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002049656,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001298719,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002948643,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998472,0.000005993654,0.000008519367,0.00003365454,0.00006252218,0.00004215967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998258,0.00005661435,0.00003372206,0.0000230776,0.00004183072,0.00001899572],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003877916,0.000005087951,0.0001640331,0.00002410067,0.000006056462,0.00002453609,0.00001204404,0.00004791228,0.9983892,0.00002980876,0.00002010968,0.001238383],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006102455,0.00006476751,0.002130462,0.000001480686,0.000007618305,0.00005010672,0.00001120653,0.0006523174,0.9966729,0.00000528069,0.0003942195,0.000003544737],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978274,0.0004027979,0.0006796772,0.0000121759,0.00001716075,0.000008805647,0.00007532741,0.00003170403,0.0009450861],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966245,0.0002225701,0.001942425,0.00001481393,0.000005953037,0.00001113629,0.00008555593,0.00001518963,0.001077762],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001298719,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003242314,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4364355859","doi":"10.1002/pip.3694","title":"Multi‐pronged degradation analysis of a photovoltaic power plant after 9.5 years of operation under hot desert climatic conditions","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques","field":"Energy","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Centre for Engineering Research and Development; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Degradation (telecommunications); Thermography; Materials science; Delamination (geology); Voltage; Environmental science; Automotive engineering; Electrical engineering; Infrared; Engineering; Optics; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Daha Hassan Daher","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mohammadreza Aghaei","is_ca":false},{"name":"David A. Quansah","is_ca":false},{"name":"Muyiwa S. Adaramola","is_ca":false},{"name":"Parviz Parvin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christophe Ménézo","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05988111048009639,"gpt":0.3775461920842267,"spread":0.3176650816041303,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000287517,0.00027092,0.0004232315,0.0005613872,0.000372338,0.0002879004,0.0002280455,0.0005265087,0.000847775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002931095,0.0001030145,0.0003642201,0.0003368653,0.0001448029,0.0002488056,0.000216051,0.0003400249,0.0002685241],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003287701,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007211337,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001667534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002076593,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998416,0.00001305878,0.000008938394,0.00004017429,0.0000690694,0.00002718736],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996927,0.00005196654,0.0000593908,0.00002777825,0.0001369904,0.00003119698],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000613277,0.0002673338,0.07791837,0.0001838403,0.0001140365,0.001471042,0.0004167276,0.01372508,0.8708536,0.00005215211,0.0004424299,0.03394218],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001729616,0.002524174,0.6317997,0.00002554318,0.0001050389,0.0009267586,0.0004900938,0.03265632,0.329742,0.00007577937,0.001590728,0.00004664555],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998305,0.0001150161,0.000964927,0.00001255473,0.000004729135,0.00001049143,0.000250416,0.00003538189,0.0003015091],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991363,0.00002272596,0.0002714649,0.000006716213,0.000001254806,0.00000527405,0.0001593507,0.000004515778,0.0003924619],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001667534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003315687,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3161782133","doi":"10.1002/pip.3421","title":"Miniaturization of InGaP/InGaAs/Ge solar cells for micro‐concentrator photovoltaics","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"solar cell performance optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Institut interdisciplinaire d'innovation technologique; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Université Grenoble Alpes; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Université de Sherbrooke; Indian National Science Academy","keywords":"Suns in alchemy; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Passivation; Miniaturization; Photovoltaic system; Photovoltaics; Open-circuit voltage; Anti-reflective coating; Fabrication; Wafer; Concentrator; Optics; Coating; Nanotechnology; Voltage; Electrical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Pierre Albert","is_ca":true},{"name":"Abdelatif Jaouad","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gwénaëlle Hamon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Maïté Volatier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher E. Valdivia","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yannick Deshayes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Karin Hinzer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Laurent Béchou","is_ca":true},{"name":"Vincent Aimez","is_ca":true},{"name":"Maxime Darnon","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02715361921859289,"gpt":0.3076311568175556,"spread":0.2804775375989627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001084628,0.0002211191,0.0002505716,0.0001305417,0.0001672713,0.0003914105,0.0005270118,0.0002330741,0.0009854805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001446686,0.0001710418,0.0002098609,0.0001229113,0.0001311498,0.0002389022,0.0001896223,0.0003785101,0.0003579867],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003670865,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001858648,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007303927,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002161601,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999214,0.000005380953,0.000003354551,0.00002054469,0.00003665862,0.00001261088],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999313,0.0000216089,0.000009143716,0.00001286845,0.00001758686,0.00000739028],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009368631,0.00001456844,0.0002497286,0.00003646918,0.000008363779,0.00003851868,0.00001671739,0.000763855,0.9942741,0.0003071995,0.0002430248,0.004038095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007715686,0.00006558438,0.001943784,0.000004064373,0.00001274156,0.00009851938,0.00001520527,0.004087162,0.9896643,0.00008965444,0.004005602,0.000005738668],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9520843,0.002003766,0.03761579,0.0003154781,0.0001352738,0.00008755498,0.0004721762,0.000492329,0.0067933],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9369071,0.0008554469,0.05950433,0.00007001466,0.00003197384,0.0001056377,0.000229824,0.00004288196,0.002252804],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009854805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003296733,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205500942","doi":"10.1002/pip.3535","title":"Dye‐sensitized solar cells as promising candidates for underwater photovoltaic applications","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells","field":"Energy","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Monocrystalline silicon; Photovoltaic system; Polycrystalline silicon; Dye-sensitized solar cell; Underwater; Amorphous silicon; Materials science; Crystalline silicon; Silicon; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Electrode","authors":[{"name":"Prasanth K. Enaganti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Suraj Soman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sabu S. Devan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sourava C. Pradhan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alok Kumar Srivastava","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joshua M. Pearce","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sanket Goel","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03588945382729323,"gpt":0.3404879122669298,"spread":0.3045984584396366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001542764,0.0003036964,0.000344542,0.0002759063,0.0002249663,0.0006895859,0.0003796816,0.0005087759,0.002433144],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001316777,0.0002099211,0.0002522505,0.000403028,0.0001342431,0.0005091027,0.0002327509,0.0006040809,0.001203483],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000254319,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001545993,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002437166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007736805,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998989,0.00001375976,0.000005180502,0.0000198324,0.00004195108,0.00002039426],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999504,0.00001061219,0.000006729947,0.00000448064,0.00001890357,0.000008846348],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003835974,0.00005314592,0.0002067338,0.0002628627,0.00001161143,0.0001926831,0.00002026468,0.0007115739,0.9856472,0.001030038,0.0006322273,0.01119331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002116558,0.0003187807,0.0007112377,0.00003515193,0.00003066345,0.0001549835,0.00007517073,0.004592874,0.9698971,0.000435885,0.02370992,0.00001711057],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8861313,0.0554998,0.03019487,0.001426556,0.0007635832,0.0002747465,0.001326818,0.0005816996,0.02380055],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9589624,0.01743969,0.01419432,0.0002489931,0.00005936137,0.0001022385,0.0006542355,0.00005994671,0.008278877],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002433144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008139729,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2969400256","doi":"10.1002/pip.3182","title":"Application of semitransparent photovoltaics in transportation infrastructure for energy savings and solar electricity production: Toward novel net‐zero energy tunnel design","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Daylighting; Automotive engineering; Photovoltaic system; Photovoltaics; Solar energy; Electricity; Energy consumption; Engineering; Electricity generation; Environmental science; Electrical engineering; Power (physics); Architectural engineering","authors":[{"name":"David Sun","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andreas Athienitis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Katherine D’Avignon","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.021423246979134,"gpt":0.2696186813228375,"spread":0.2481954343437035,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001137458,0.0001782547,0.000131663,0.0001866588,0.00009804675,0.0003934527,0.0004453761,0.0002016972,0.000899377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007911012,0.0001358549,0.0002865157,0.0001414115,0.0001243279,0.0002452715,0.0002154558,0.0001702467,0.000194426],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002418687,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002320811,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000531218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001186409,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999274,0.00001516759,0.000002269691,0.00001192076,0.00003339048,0.000009881565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999559,0.000004858042,0.000007966121,0.000006145013,0.00001922909,0.000005911642],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001242243,0.0001841982,0.002803496,0.0001970652,0.00004616146,0.0002394378,0.00005744201,0.2024192,0.722322,0.00666331,0.0006355338,0.06430787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002999205,0.0008152098,0.004414656,0.0000332752,0.00004811648,0.0003459362,0.00007552435,0.7425852,0.2386043,0.001610558,0.01140741,0.00002985108],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7310103,0.0005094518,0.2542521,0.0001003189,0.00004964357,0.00006836486,0.0001022955,0.0005595394,0.01334801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9680454,0.0001740801,0.0297117,0.000007909855,0.000003073271,0.00002063987,0.00002686324,0.00001659672,0.001993636],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.000899377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003008723,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3196253457","doi":"10.1002/pip.3459","title":"Firing stability of tube furnace‐annealed n‐type poly‐Si on oxide junctions","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Gender and Health; Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie; Australian Government; Australian Renewable Energy Agency; Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics","keywords":"Passivation; Annealing (glass); Activation energy; Oxide; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Arrhenius equation; Dielectric; Desorption; Chemistry; Composite material; Layer (electronics); Optoelectronics; Metallurgy; Physical chemistry; Adsorption","authors":[{"name":"Christina Hollemann","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael Rienäcker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anastasia Soeriyadi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chukwuka Madumelu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Felix Haase","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jan Krügener","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brett Hallam","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rolf Brendel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robby Peibst","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06421396341007501,"gpt":0.3390808415344525,"spread":0.2748668781243775,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001487898,0.0001717917,0.0002205262,0.0001755962,0.0001970352,0.0003253381,0.0002468993,0.0002636213,0.001179094],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004359334,0.0001400721,0.0001417666,0.0001911845,0.0001573006,0.0002149447,0.0001238367,0.0002416264,0.0001665278],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003686211,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001100783,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001311704,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001595781,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998404,0.000008250806,0.000008944642,0.00004952745,0.00006036733,0.00003262032],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998123,0.00004242743,0.00004001596,0.00002616097,0.00005899786,0.00002011617],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001286164,0.0000136846,0.001787978,0.00002824606,0.00001314352,0.00005711512,0.00006196638,0.0002606445,0.9960943,0.00003865889,0.00004295099,0.001472684],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008620565,0.0002613143,0.03407468,0.00001251725,0.0000194614,0.00008725197,0.0001043176,0.00187319,0.9629625,0.00002102732,0.000564002,0.00001103979],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998843,0.0002447491,0.0003200946,0.000007352649,0.00001209266,0.000004287413,0.00009759139,0.00001871101,0.0004521433],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989921,0.00007878228,0.0002555871,0.000005161136,0.000002436446,0.000004512058,0.0001427257,0.00001113886,0.0005076019],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001311704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003944457,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2744181753","doi":"10.1002/pip.2920","title":"Colloidal quantum dot solar cell power conversion efficiency optimization using analysis of current‐voltage characteristics and electrode contact imaging by lock‐in carrierography","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Photocurrent; Quantum dot; Optoelectronics; Energy conversion efficiency; Materials science; Band gap; Solar cell; Voltage; Quantum efficiency; Electron mobility; Electrode; Efficient energy use; Nanotechnology; Electrical engineering; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Lilei Hu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mengxia Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andreas Mandelis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alexander Melnikov","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03374929631662204,"gpt":0.3415707546758147,"spread":0.3078214583591926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000185464,0.0001647051,0.0001785212,0.0002663168,0.0001144043,0.0004418553,0.0002464976,0.0003076568,0.0004562679],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003822239,0.0001325018,0.0001767498,0.0002073466,0.0001971397,0.0003276839,0.0001345231,0.0002318787,0.0001154248],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003652459,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002045927,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001413823,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001708907,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999114,0.000008676793,0.000005226938,0.0000246049,0.00004167177,0.000008294975],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998515,0.00006855428,0.00002161109,0.00001528549,0.00003833375,0.000004742224],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002336616,0.00001523821,0.0007994846,0.00002087119,0.000004477279,0.00003589515,0.00002842369,0.001383042,0.9933966,0.000262521,0.00003297706,0.003997034],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000386169,0.00004230114,0.001711304,0.00000171402,0.000006172989,0.00003432653,0.00001906547,0.07376892,0.924122,0.00007177834,0.0002112014,0.000007441147],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9712189,0.0002241837,0.02747262,0.00003811175,0.000007783398,0.00001504743,0.00007268502,0.0001480854,0.0008025732],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943731,0.00008171325,0.005177618,0.000006150174,0.000001202548,0.000008463324,0.00002808298,0.000009954255,0.000313676],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001413823,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002811193,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385070658","doi":"10.1002/pip.3729","title":"Blind photovoltaic modeling intercomparison: A multidimensional data analysis and lessons learned","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Wood Council","funders":"Office of Energy Efficiency; Solar Energy Technologies Office; National Nuclear Security Administration; Sandia National Laboratories; U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; Danmarks Tekniske Universitet","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Irradiance; Computer science; Solar irradiance; Environmental science; Meteorology; Engineering; Geography; Electrical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Marios Theristis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicholas Riedel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joshua S. Stein","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lelia Deville","is_ca":false},{"name":"Leonardo Micheli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anton Driesse","is_ca":false},{"name":"William B. Hobbs","is_ca":false},{"name":"Silvana Ovaitt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rajiv Daxini","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Barrie","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mark Campanelli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Heather Hodges","is_ca":false},{"name":"Javier R. Ledesma","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ismaël Lokhat","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brendan McCormick Kilbride","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bin Meng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bill Miller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ricardo Motta","is_ca":false},{"name":"Emma Noirault","is_ca":false},{"name":"Megan Parker Peters","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jesús Polo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel Powell","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. B. Moreton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew Prilliman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Steve Ransome","is_ca":false},{"name":"Martin Schneider","is_ca":false},{"name":"Branislav Schnierer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bowen Tian","is_ca":false},{"name":"Frederick Warner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert J. Williams","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bruno Wittmer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Changrui Zhao","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2852946494680109,"gpt":0.4666224432441144,"spread":0.1813277937761035,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.06409349,0.001583316,0.001672093,0.002070214,0.002306398,0.005289534,0.004232388,0.002872404,0.002280374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.08303781,0.0009460993,0.001778885,0.00174959,0.002074003,0.007092478,0.004892405,0.003401334,0.0006824424],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003931814,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005862353,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01543661,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01703291,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9731057,0.01416074,0.001627821,0.003110704,0.007114373,0.0008805817],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9102976,0.04012946,0.003779656,0.01479766,0.02868649,0.002309172],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001362588,0.003157107,0.1202504,0.001079138,0.0009012002,0.001117738,0.01355136,0.1133467,0.03471148,0.01261609,0.03326871,0.6646375],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000597589,0.002115355,0.08941996,0.001306948,0.0004326778,0.001142103,0.02296875,0.6487492,0.05587995,0.09149428,0.08473536,0.00115795],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3084037,0.001470119,0.6561192,0.01994515,0.0009102963,0.001017135,0.00113225,0.002774069,0.008228043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5457907,0.0004762302,0.4488977,0.0009912247,0.0002330767,0.0004122054,0.0008368262,0.0005615324,0.001800545],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06409349,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3389628,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2886387112","doi":"10.1002/pip.3069","title":"Measurement and modelling of water ingress into double‐glass photovoltaic modules","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Centres of Excellence","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Moisture; Materials science; Ethylene-vinyl acetate; Diffusion; Saturation (graph theory); Water content; Polymer; Composite material; Environmental science; Electrical engineering; Thermodynamics; Geotechnical engineering; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"David Wisniewski","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ruirui Lv","is_ca":false},{"name":"Selvakumar V. Nair","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐Nicolas Jaubert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tao Xu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Harry E. Ruda","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08631572776332684,"gpt":0.3220097953786366,"spread":0.2356940676153097,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001404342,0.0002755719,0.0002159284,0.0002098723,0.0001797913,0.0002538813,0.0003279033,0.0003586168,0.0004097385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002378976,0.0002090184,0.0002418544,0.0001892709,0.0002167455,0.0002430588,0.0001619378,0.000200944,0.0001061405],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003839265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001698201,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002217724,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001468172,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999061,0.000008917905,0.000005042967,0.00002458506,0.00003734943,0.00001806259],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999876,0.00005067994,0.00002502523,0.00001668985,0.00002308215,0.000008455723],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001990318,0.00009456757,0.007969705,0.00006214942,0.00001821486,0.0002067514,0.0001351905,0.06380066,0.9207569,0.0001666178,0.00007021936,0.00652004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000150779,0.0003410727,0.01219084,0.000006235679,0.00001648495,0.00006534491,0.00005561406,0.3563109,0.630487,0.0000612935,0.0004348611,0.00001539434],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938002,0.00003374862,0.005737161,0.00000748375,0.000003557927,0.000008411149,0.00007574086,0.00008917324,0.0002445631],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981658,0.00002974408,0.001504962,0.000002080219,7.977118e-7,0.000008575696,0.00004488799,0.000006776704,0.0002364279],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002217724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004409611,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002246880","doi":"10.1002/pip.423","title":"Front and rear silicon‐nitride‐passivated multicrystalline silicon solar cells with an efficiency of 18.1%","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Thin-Film Transistor Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Gender and Health; Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie; Bayer","keywords":"Passivation; Silicon nitride; Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition; Materials science; Silicon; Optoelectronics; Nitride; Solar cell; Crystalline silicon; Aluminium; Nanotechnology; Layer (electronics); Composite material","authors":[{"name":"L. Mittelstädt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stefan Dauwe","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. Metz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rudolf Hezel","is_ca":false},{"name":"C Häßler","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03527116108429459,"gpt":0.2884521782723852,"spread":0.2531810171880906,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001369399,0.0002208275,0.0004815903,0.0001748407,0.0001792473,0.0003758033,0.0004347602,0.0004048667,0.001760112],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001200292,0.0002704598,0.0002878658,0.0001324676,0.0001254652,0.0002117614,0.0002218149,0.0003028446,0.0007780741],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002320286,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001406695,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004926003,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001255321,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998099,0.000008169618,0.00001002922,0.00003695812,0.00009244532,0.0000424676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999226,0.00001417555,0.000009599314,0.00001950194,0.0000228661,0.00001109351],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004542917,0.000008452718,0.00006942015,0.00001143998,0.00000290283,0.00001739736,0.000005579249,0.00005799253,0.9985622,0.00003703365,0.00002992394,0.001152292],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008784798,0.00005545506,0.0009975873,0.000001492911,0.000007257733,0.00006518319,0.000004272305,0.000907196,0.9972541,0.00001456221,0.0006821112,0.000002006955],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9913322,0.0007672355,0.003275937,0.00002965299,0.00003380969,0.00002629979,0.0004421882,0.0001673971,0.003925373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9837803,0.0003990562,0.008353829,0.0000286443,0.00001174517,0.00003010873,0.0005213657,0.00006014547,0.006814758],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001760112,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005888224,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1803174986","doi":"10.1002/pip.2646","title":"Novel multijunction solar cell design for low cost, high concentration systems","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"solar cell performance optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut interdisciplinaire d'innovation technologique; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Suns in alchemy; Solar cell; Gallium arsenide; Photovoltaics; Cost of electricity by source; Cost reduction; Solar cell efficiency; Energy conversion efficiency; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Solar energy; Computer science; Engineering physics; Photovoltaic system; Electrical engineering; Electricity generation; Engineering; Power (physics); Physics","authors":[{"name":"Bernard Paquette","is_ca":true},{"name":"Abderraouf Boucherif","is_ca":true},{"name":"Vincent Aimez","is_ca":true},{"name":"Richard Arès","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08607963747302626,"gpt":0.3239898289753169,"spread":0.2379101915022906,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009871386,0.0003199812,0.0004703951,0.0002323552,0.0003832947,0.0007854368,0.001387901,0.0006325253,0.001986885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001095292,0.0002630063,0.0003067162,0.000339908,0.0001154884,0.0006050106,0.0002629135,0.0003656311,0.0006504228],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006159002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003897561,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006072072,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002149721,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999064,0.000006797092,0.000005631302,0.00002765424,0.00004022087,0.00001338706],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999458,0.000004728106,0.000009826714,0.000006914082,0.00002576927,0.000007109157],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001360245,0.0001587088,0.0007922821,0.0002921325,0.00006667724,0.0003361263,0.00009372835,0.0695195,0.8744014,0.009765592,0.002512109,0.04192566],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007539996,0.0005350014,0.002410733,0.00004287487,0.00009278113,0.0009361969,0.00006461915,0.6697258,0.2949684,0.003405963,0.02767859,0.00006360265],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5592498,0.005155575,0.3939604,0.0007406869,0.0004177477,0.0002719586,0.0005627266,0.001101355,0.03853979],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8687517,0.001120734,0.1189248,0.0001157511,0.00008600629,0.0002051603,0.0002408825,0.00009570276,0.01045931],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001986885,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006646812,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976328112","doi":"10.1002/pip.998","title":"Solar based large scale power plants: what is the best option?","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems","field":"Energy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Dispatchable generation; Capital cost; Photovoltaic system; Thermal energy storage; Energy storage; Solar power; Grid parity; Solar energy; Electricity generation; Electricity; Stand-alone power system; Concentrated solar power; Environmental science; Environmental economics; Distributed generation; Process engineering; Engineering; Photovoltaics; Renewable energy; Electrical engineering; Power (physics); Economics; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Farid Bensebaa","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03125095810465455,"gpt":0.3406380250978206,"spread":0.309387066993166,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001484356,0.0004167254,0.001162263,0.0004056793,0.0003981985,0.002957069,0.00126125,0.001732453,0.015064],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004857291,0.0001927748,0.0007892784,0.0007912366,0.0004855467,0.002447366,0.000491314,0.0007777339,0.001307772],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00131316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007659011,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001589077,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004449385,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999193,0.0003464762,0.00002856234,0.00009726039,0.0002659759,0.00006874048],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979792,0.001312263,0.0002740703,0.0000472594,0.0002128068,0.0001742945],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004882043,0.001954169,0.02218706,0.007523602,0.001087367,0.001733332,0.0001717862,0.1548724,0.007787545,0.04766082,0.03686161,0.7132783],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002812424,0.0097086,0.05735467,0.01395178,0.002181373,0.004218057,0.007313873,0.2489025,0.01913184,0.4125424,0.2212757,0.0006066872],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4885746,0.2381114,0.07616281,0.09199348,0.001503399,0.0006899625,0.002688883,0.0004823127,0.09979314],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.958514,0.01984215,0.01335543,0.002562047,0.000328371,0.000122182,0.0002841492,0.00006704996,0.00492465],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.015064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05039412,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3011928758","doi":"10.1002/pip.3271","title":"Forming submicron in micron texture on the diamond‐wire‐sawn mc‐Si wafer by introducing artificial defects","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Nanowire Synthesis and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Morgan Solar (Canada)","funders":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Wafer; Materials science; Texture (cosmology); Microscale chemistry; Passivation; Reflection (computer programming); Diamond; Optoelectronics; Etching (microfabrication); Silicon; Surface finish; Composite material; Optics; Layer (electronics)","authors":[{"name":"Chengkun Wu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shuai Zou","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jingyan Zhu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiaoya Ye","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jianming Ding","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hua Sun","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xusheng Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Guoqiang Xing","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xiaohong Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiaodong Su","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03439893821871015,"gpt":0.2946014047566484,"spread":0.2602024665379383,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003944469,0.0001525714,0.0001421759,0.0001091545,0.00009197459,0.0001490343,0.0001602535,0.0001373176,0.0007344133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007352652,0.0001507582,0.0001179103,0.00008207453,0.0001515454,0.0000733118,0.0001146078,0.0002329694,0.00014331],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002039103,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001113991,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006764615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001927268,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999585,0.000001385249,0.000001632416,0.00001565792,0.00001315287,0.000009688153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999429,0.000009048572,0.00001629347,0.0000133888,0.000009194845,0.000009174393],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009445434,0.000003251163,0.00008405082,0.00001075904,0.000001388962,0.00003268499,0.000008395673,0.00006643637,0.9990599,0.00003506956,0.0000237116,0.0006650052],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009490883,0.00009606939,0.00445814,0.00000215975,0.000005619018,0.0001271935,0.00002362514,0.002205042,0.9917572,0.00002515765,0.001286243,0.00000391596],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959156,0.0001082583,0.002588615,0.00001695046,0.00001812631,0.00001226319,0.00009937428,0.00007005329,0.001170698],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938765,0.00008082038,0.004966035,0.00001278758,0.000005230329,0.000009867162,0.00008798868,0.00001879774,0.0009420252],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007344133,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002456903,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1906386414","doi":"10.1002/pip.2281","title":"H<sub>2</sub> plasma treatment at the p/i interface of a hydrogenated amorphous Si absorption layer for high‐performance Si thin film solar cells","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Thin-Film Transistor Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Samsung","keywords":"Materials science; Amorphous silicon; Layer (electronics); Absorption (acoustics); Chemical vapor deposition; Amorphous solid; Silicon; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Open-circuit voltage; Optoelectronics; Tandem; Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition; Thin film; Plasma; Nanotechnology; Crystalline silicon; Voltage; Chemistry; Composite material; Electrical engineering; Crystallography","authors":[{"name":"Czang-Ho Lee","is_ca":true},{"name":"Byoung‐June Kim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Myunghun Shin","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03061362316796165,"gpt":0.301917220024839,"spread":0.2713035968568773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007265196,0.0002499021,0.0001835702,0.00008997914,0.0001502486,0.0003154294,0.0002547109,0.0002671846,0.0005703869],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008473852,0.0001933217,0.0001809882,0.00009720954,0.0001506039,0.0002193023,0.0001629249,0.000273349,0.0001903434],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002141636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001693376,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000351168,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005208443,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999545,0.000003748082,0.000002766521,0.00001170291,0.00001860866,0.000008690376],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999553,0.000007967392,0.00001508227,0.000006171832,0.000009331052,0.000006125356],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001510196,0.000003880783,0.00009296335,0.00001942048,0.000004322729,0.00002520314,0.000007366131,0.0001173233,0.9988744,0.0000245153,0.0000314537,0.0007839913],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004341559,0.00006795352,0.0009624388,0.000001259498,0.000006632789,0.00006163357,0.00000776695,0.001099402,0.9973578,0.00001201049,0.0004166864,0.000001911873],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9877754,0.0008778885,0.009833418,0.00007318699,0.00003963489,0.00003004089,0.0001249303,0.0001621213,0.001083186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940621,0.0002740268,0.004870398,0.00002503108,0.000008953445,0.00001871303,0.00005654522,0.00001805452,0.0006661553],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005703869,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001908123,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391880071","doi":"10.1002/pip.3789","title":"Quantifying spectral albedo effects on bifacial photovoltaic module measurements and system model predictions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"solar cell performance optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Office of Energy Efficiency; CMC Microsystems; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Albedo (alchemy); Environmental science; Remote sensing; Atmospheric sciences; Spectral properties; Engineering physics; Meteorology; Physics; Engineering; Geology; Electrical engineering; Astronomy","authors":[{"name":"Erin M. Tonita","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher E. Valdivia","is_ca":true},{"name":"Annie C. J. Russell","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael Martinez‐Szewczyk","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mariana I. Bertoni","is_ca":false},{"name":"Karin Hinzer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06750565329885026,"gpt":0.3354092074058387,"spread":0.2679035541069885,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004541031,0.0006060081,0.0003246528,0.0002400986,0.0002388344,0.000409826,0.0004135656,0.0004179757,0.001307415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008078938,0.000264504,0.0004869342,0.0002669608,0.0001943004,0.0004970789,0.0002681017,0.000367475,0.0003076568],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007488561,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003520041,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005552752,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00601203,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996605,0.00006243615,0.00001277596,0.00008436404,0.0001386672,0.00004128415],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972,0.0001318976,0.00002633781,0.00005360605,0.00006057163,0.000007570714],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008567109,0.00005891891,0.0187232,0.0001145632,0.00008725057,0.0001230747,0.00008952996,0.8826004,0.08014064,0.0005649859,0.0004931461,0.01691858],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000431403,0.00004709934,0.008709034,0.000006077981,0.00001415258,0.00002493201,0.00002203478,0.9580379,0.03246808,0.0002255221,0.0004264303,0.00001451615],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8844812,0.0002039241,0.1081654,0.0001107439,0.00002068012,0.00003787316,0.00145788,0.001523276,0.003998937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953649,0.00005131415,0.003854069,0.00001641551,0.000001954691,0.00002709057,0.0003442611,0.00006892303,0.0002711406],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005552752,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01104087,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2126730005","doi":"10.1002/pip.727","title":"Autodiffusion: a novel method for emitter formation in crystalline silicon thin‐film solar cells","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Silicon Nanostructures and Photoluminescence","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Gender and Health","keywords":"Monocrystalline silicon; Common emitter; Materials science; Silicon; Passivation; Crystalline silicon; Substrate (aquarium); Amorphous silicon; Optoelectronics; Epitaxy; Thin film; Porous silicon; Nanocrystalline silicon; Layer (electronics); Solar cell; Dopant; Diffusion; Doping; Nanotechnology","authors":[{"name":"Andreas Wolf","is_ca":false},{"name":"Barbara Terheiden","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rolf Brendel","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03319649775676092,"gpt":0.3514618448338983,"spread":0.3182653470771374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001778101,0.0002268824,0.0002939176,0.0002365164,0.000204144,0.0004193539,0.0006487914,0.0002602112,0.0009073551],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001643242,0.0003360336,0.0002506191,0.0001592704,0.0002313619,0.0004037645,0.000583381,0.0004966027,0.0004831587],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002321798,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002134082,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002025796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004468292,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998308,0.00001662349,0.000008970937,0.00005620192,0.00007234137,0.00001496949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998348,0.00004551562,0.00002859999,0.00005897134,0.00002031361,0.00001188404],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001843021,0.000014836,0.0001024727,0.00005257317,0.000004970604,0.00003794107,0.00002779544,0.0001037417,0.99304,0.0004126211,0.00006951987,0.00611503],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001372272,0.00004934856,0.0003986914,0.000004620453,0.000006524253,0.0003023606,0.000007980047,0.001624293,0.9923119,0.0001323666,0.005141422,0.00000686753],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7931075,0.004432823,0.1929012,0.0001923016,0.0001587296,0.0001916476,0.0003429429,0.001278914,0.007394033],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8774284,0.002457135,0.1113156,0.0001000114,0.00004345407,0.0001349788,0.0002822388,0.0002174993,0.008020764],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009073551,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003035426,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2151004512","doi":"10.1002/pip.2326","title":"Surface‐relief diffraction gratings' optimization for plasmonic enhancements in thin‐film solar cells","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Grating; Photocurrent; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Plasmon; Optics; Diffraction grating; Ray; Diffraction; Diffraction efficiency; Surface plasmon; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Justin Jefferies","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ribal Georges Sabat","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03634162688196273,"gpt":0.3327291142345619,"spread":0.2963874873525991,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003439742,0.0004233196,0.0003809782,0.0003187414,0.0001346797,0.000435268,0.0002783177,0.0002907793,0.0003778569],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003779649,0.0003950174,0.0002324841,0.0003695258,0.0001833722,0.0001917614,0.0002196704,0.0002941806,0.0001639678],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003514966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001978395,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005332011,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001253585,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997665,0.00003359869,0.00002397268,0.00003454836,0.0001085527,0.00003277065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998282,0.00004886953,0.00005430975,0.00001629149,0.00003270059,0.00001963082],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002984838,0.00003953257,0.0002518024,0.0000482599,0.00000963663,0.00003140901,0.00001279642,0.001007334,0.9958127,0.00006701169,0.00004604281,0.002643587],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002089669,0.0001068753,0.001005266,0.00000309723,0.00001209714,0.00008036151,0.0000127997,0.005822837,0.9924252,0.00002248469,0.000482323,0.000005811379],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927894,0.001087484,0.004873007,0.00005114029,0.00002012756,0.00002844063,0.00005362586,0.0000863197,0.001010378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.986424,0.0006261075,0.012471,0.00002032381,0.00000790364,0.00001537741,0.00005541542,0.00001967466,0.0003602519],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005332011,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002550364,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2498333149","doi":"10.1002/pip.2800","title":"Experimental demonstration of high‐concentration photovoltaics on a parabolic trough using tracking secondary optics","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"solar cell performance optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Bundesamt für Berufsbildung und Technologie; Kommission für Technologie und Innovation","keywords":"Parabolic trough; Concentrator; Nonimaging optics; Optics; Photovoltaics; Trough (economics); Parabolic reflector; Photovoltaic system; Physics; Materials science; Solar energy; Engineering; Electrical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Thomas Cooper","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gianluca Ambrosetti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fabio Malnati","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrea Pedretti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aldo Steinfeld","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04394648321645287,"gpt":0.3304801602696522,"spread":0.2865336770531993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002980889,0.0003115495,0.0003250547,0.0001849748,0.0003426274,0.000533934,0.0006969821,0.000600365,0.001476037],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002904816,0.0001933064,0.0002459328,0.0003257714,0.0003431011,0.0003347234,0.0004712611,0.0006715213,0.0006292324],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005751586,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003197189,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001362669,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001443087,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999732,0.00002130518,0.000008748832,0.00006854085,0.0001245426,0.00004493095],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997786,0.00003946701,0.00003492697,0.00002903688,0.00009186879,0.00002612868],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003428297,0.00002007684,0.000192812,0.00004225609,0.000003664321,0.0000607557,0.00006910294,0.0002098443,0.9968836,0.0002444262,0.0002336929,0.00200562],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001385222,0.000180353,0.0008853168,0.000004635606,0.000004750042,0.00007144751,0.00003069975,0.002549256,0.9939098,0.00005746825,0.002285765,0.000006626983],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9644313,0.0003771312,0.02835105,0.0001701247,0.00009524817,0.00009057797,0.0004522078,0.0005920744,0.005440399],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9789366,0.0001887106,0.01736836,0.00004760066,0.00001832671,0.00004538618,0.0001448595,0.00006618675,0.00318399],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001476037,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004937887,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3200602662","doi":"10.1002/pip.3468","title":"Microstructured antireflective encapsulant on concentrator solar cells","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"solar cell performance optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke; Institut interdisciplinaire d'innovation technologique; University of Ottawa","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Mitacs; Ministère de l'Économie, de la Science et de l'Innovation - Québec; Thomas and Stacey Siebel Foundation","keywords":"Anti-reflective coating; Materials science; Polydimethylsiloxane; Coating; Optoelectronics; Photovoltaic system; Monolayer; Optics; Solar cell; Energy conversion efficiency; Reflection (computer programming); Composite material; Nanotechnology","authors":[{"name":"Gavin P. Forcade","is_ca":true},{"name":"Arnaud Ritou","is_ca":true},{"name":"Philippe St‐Pierre","is_ca":true},{"name":"O. Delléa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maïté Volatier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Abdelatif Jaouad","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher E. Valdivia","is_ca":true},{"name":"Karin Hinzer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Maxime Darnon","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.023977660020753,"gpt":0.3142176641244661,"spread":0.2902400041037131,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007732103,0.0002128445,0.0001740177,0.0001135562,0.00008361644,0.0001861837,0.0002214662,0.0001809147,0.0003568131],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001475018,0.0001252293,0.0001455487,0.00009323488,0.000126161,0.0001281321,0.0001348152,0.0001271315,0.0001626255],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003422034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001291706,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001370765,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003332915,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999336,0.000004548313,0.00000296232,0.00001379061,0.00003045152,0.00001462368],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999008,0.00002069402,0.00003732246,0.00001210481,0.00002208092,0.000007064611],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001198191,0.000007782764,0.0001691044,0.00001641492,0.000003411614,0.0000149167,0.000003911256,0.001583548,0.9970619,0.00004264443,0.0000209722,0.001063287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000401604,0.00008657841,0.001679389,0.000001874538,0.000006837133,0.00002202671,0.000004254744,0.007289702,0.9904299,0.000009241646,0.0004627844,0.000003274934],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954953,0.0002682434,0.003237817,0.00001528436,0.000009424506,0.000007258267,0.0000524126,0.00006826562,0.0008459619],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953719,0.0001744554,0.003769173,0.00001195368,0.000005017097,0.000004604904,0.00003735421,0.00001104903,0.0006144815],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001370765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002725601,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1526034974","doi":"10.1002/pip.2496","title":"Back amorphous‐crystalline silicon heterojunction (BACH) photovoltaic device with facile‐grown oxide ‐ PECVD SiN<sub>x</sub> passivation","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Passivation; Materials science; Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition; Crystalline silicon; Amorphous silicon; Optoelectronics; Amorphous solid; Silicon; Wafer; Nanocrystalline silicon; Heterojunction; Silicon nitride; Solar cell; Doping; Silicon oxide; Nanotechnology; Layer (electronics); Chemistry; Crystallography","authors":[{"name":"Zahidur Chowdhury","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nazir P. Kherani","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02640614819822852,"gpt":0.270567502846871,"spread":0.2441613546486425,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007801827,0.0001346973,0.0002520247,0.0001546535,0.0002102594,0.0004614668,0.0003261947,0.0002094796,0.001432332],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001010606,0.0001276203,0.0001873641,0.0002033626,0.000207764,0.0002624975,0.0003467787,0.0002853881,0.00037642],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002422455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001923652,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006062199,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001535828,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998914,0.000005245039,0.000004921144,0.00002266984,0.00005649514,0.0000192399],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999442,0.000009087414,0.00001251751,0.00001185532,0.00001553538,0.000006791161],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004276409,0.00001941102,0.0006967139,0.00004708768,0.00001215561,0.00008894452,0.00004286024,0.0003553136,0.9933009,0.0003791132,0.0001973639,0.004817253],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001891364,0.0003617443,0.005891394,0.000007618727,0.00002549231,0.0003706913,0.00004804359,0.002917502,0.9863982,0.00009608438,0.003856369,0.00000793965],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9897698,0.0005926798,0.004919194,0.00004827553,0.00004204415,0.00002612309,0.0002634575,0.0001520522,0.004186353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902809,0.000325958,0.006264968,0.00002418317,0.00001287231,0.00001385104,0.0002606714,0.00001061889,0.00280612],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001432332,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004791617,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412773705","doi":"10.1002/pip.70014","title":"Long‐Term Photovoltaic System Performance in Cold, Snowy Climates","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques","field":"Energy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Office of Energy Efficiency; Solar Energy Technologies Office; Office of Naval Research; National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Term (time); Cold climate; Environmental science; Meteorology; Engineering; Geography; Electrical engineering; Physics; Astronomy","authors":[{"name":"Erin M. Tonita","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dirk Jordan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Silvana Ovaitt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Henry Toal","is_ca":false},{"name":"Karin Hinzer","is_ca":true},{"name":"C. D. Pike","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chris Deline","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03057893893861573,"gpt":0.3523459311942073,"spread":0.3217669922555915,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004490891,0.0001484306,0.0001484617,0.0004964262,0.0002737316,0.0003172797,0.0001207115,0.0001661031,0.0007272488],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003780976,0.00004696099,0.0001815091,0.0007146114,0.000118262,0.0002778015,0.0001548276,0.0001182507,0.0001533108],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004012723,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001607853,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00690632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01904003,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998899,0.0000112976,0.0000112022,0.00002985103,0.00004158131,0.00001617735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995748,0.00008782669,0.0001301232,0.0000239843,0.0001646623,0.00001857392],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002887722,0.00004113374,0.8269567,0.0004027546,0.0002512706,0.0002661771,0.0004331342,0.01952031,0.09056401,0.0001576031,0.001032652,0.06008543],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004070907,0.0002461742,0.9644195,0.00003634005,0.0001079021,0.0002339204,0.0003657205,0.004789618,0.02588871,0.0000907138,0.00380257,0.0000147375],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951468,0.0009409544,0.00102255,0.00001471776,0.000007730746,0.000007054166,0.0008329083,0.00002674485,0.002000441],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985655,0.0002576521,0.0003391363,0.000007931599,0.000002885691,0.000004768411,0.0003787339,0.000003764663,0.0004396355],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00690632,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01373225,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400781068","doi":"10.1002/pip.3833","title":"Measuring the device‐level EQE of multi‐junction photonic power converters","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"solar cell performance optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Irradiance; Optoelectronics; Responsivity; Photocurrent; Materials science; Optics; Quantum efficiency; Photonics; Solar irradiance; Monochromatic color; Photovoltaic system; Wavelength; Photodetector; Physics; Electrical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Michael Schachtner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Meghan N. Beattie","is_ca":true},{"name":"S. Kasimir Reichmuth","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. Wekkeli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gerald Siefer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Henning Helmers","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08822336773436674,"gpt":0.3341045724129493,"spread":0.2458812046785825,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003638711,0.0002492071,0.0002075379,0.0002468066,0.0001515716,0.0003673312,0.0005484588,0.0003754762,0.001264184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007256074,0.0001949445,0.0001429421,0.0002574688,0.0002976788,0.0006434869,0.0003424948,0.0005465543,0.0002066633],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004237434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000926867,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002615148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004274067,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996796,0.00003688412,0.00001814222,0.00008667558,0.0001502917,0.00002854702],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995841,0.0001917817,0.00006182561,0.00006454963,0.00008242814,0.00001518223],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002837783,0.00003107604,0.001417349,0.00004181032,0.000009013849,0.00003118219,0.00002635483,0.0005261432,0.9940275,0.0002037347,0.00003266171,0.003624923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002482482,0.00007517992,0.007127983,0.000004490207,0.000009367503,0.00004699716,0.00002282256,0.006587292,0.9856409,0.00006687215,0.0004088985,0.000006797769],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9760213,0.0003481931,0.0215747,0.00004674456,0.00001812994,0.00002475742,0.0001421099,0.0001348782,0.001689293],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933296,0.0001069862,0.005972788,0.00002407847,0.000004383949,0.00002095039,0.00004158102,0.0000126299,0.000487069],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001264184,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004229128,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396696255","doi":"10.1002/pip.3811","title":"Artificial ground reflector size and position effects on energy yield and economics of single‐axis‐tracked bifacial photovoltaics","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"solar cell performance optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Office of Energy Efficiency; Solar Energy Technologies Office; Basic Energy Sciences; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; Office of Science","keywords":"Reflector (photography); Irradiance; Clipping (morphology); Optics; Solar energy; Photovoltaic system; Range (aeronautics); Environmental science; Solar irradiance; Vignetting; Photovoltaics; Remote sensing; Materials science; Physics; Meteorology; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Mandy R. Lewis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Silvana Ovaitt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Byron McDanold","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chris Deline","is_ca":false},{"name":"Karin Hinzer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03213558142054778,"gpt":0.299120817362345,"spread":0.2669852359417972,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000584571,0.0003287337,0.0002291818,0.0002309027,0.000245184,0.0006345094,0.0004367095,0.0003096823,0.001108146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001050487,0.000172465,0.0004382039,0.0003630143,0.0003201288,0.0005954874,0.0002425751,0.0002134504,0.00009331778],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001639957,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004031551,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01287912,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01684824,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997671,0.00006436054,0.000008481299,0.0000490396,0.00006487411,0.00004619775],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991826,0.0004689161,0.0001130847,0.00005306299,0.0001611914,0.00002115498],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002424181,0.00007712965,0.0487232,0.0000467091,0.00007250541,0.0001798827,0.00002935231,0.9150243,0.02511333,0.0008578238,0.0001523384,0.009481019],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002394606,0.0005871367,0.1176081,0.00001289698,0.0000869177,0.00009241142,0.0001697328,0.8441823,0.03578776,0.0005348324,0.0008820929,0.00003199165],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962675,0.00003784319,0.002379043,0.00001731004,0.000002114441,0.000005389742,0.00008542608,0.00001120703,0.001194162],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999318,0.00001421853,0.0004223218,0.000002323304,4.051104e-7,0.000003431342,0.00002911272,0.000003280373,0.000207008],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01287912,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02560836,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3109054575","doi":"10.1002/pip.3379","title":"Economic analysis of a novel design of microtracked concentrating photovoltaic modules","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"solar cell performance optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; University of Ottawa","funders":"University of Ottawa","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Photovoltaics; Tariff; Las vegas; Electricity; Cost of electricity by source; Solar irradiance; Battery (electricity); Irradiance; Environmental science; Electricity generation; Engineering; Automotive engineering; Agricultural economics; Operations management; Electrical engineering; Economics; Meteorology; Geography; Power (physics)","authors":[{"name":"David J. Wright","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lauren Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Laura Parvan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zigurts K. Majumdar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Noel C. Giebink","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06885652732152533,"gpt":0.3259732493198509,"spread":0.2571167219983256,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008929287,0.0005016651,0.0004420878,0.0004300601,0.0004030708,0.001064992,0.0009316218,0.0007420799,0.004962683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001323128,0.0004685978,0.00074047,0.0004021746,0.0004060094,0.0008997212,0.0004721437,0.0005448132,0.000202784],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002972236,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001219475,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007841868,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008189944,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996432,0.0001275103,0.000005581237,0.00003667528,0.0001076258,0.0000793961],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995489,0.0002284427,0.00007100445,0.00002457356,0.00009213966,0.00003493833],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000151884,0.00007972382,0.001344379,0.00006804075,0.00003796784,0.0001073145,0.00001385958,0.9794554,0.002849551,0.005211224,0.0005112253,0.01016946],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004735158,0.0004016368,0.001819799,0.00000992346,0.00004617777,0.00003929108,0.00004627206,0.9941503,0.0009529262,0.001191947,0.001283629,0.00001067503],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7864754,0.0009506791,0.14713,0.0008985046,0.00008453806,0.0004194513,0.0004078723,0.0001565726,0.06347692],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9891912,0.0001275202,0.006785462,0.00002745025,0.000008090409,0.00005552098,0.00003764764,0.00001113779,0.003755907],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007841868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02156514,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113240219","doi":"10.1002/pip.1184","title":"Effect of carbon containing SiN<sub>x</sub> antireflection coating on the screen‐printed contact and low illumination performance of silicon solar cell","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"TransCanada (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Passivation; Materials science; Solar cell; Silicon; Equivalent series resistance; Coating; Anti-reflective coating; Carbon fibers; Energy conversion efficiency; Photovoltaic system; Optoelectronics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chemistry; Electrical engineering; Layer (electronics)","authors":[{"name":"Moon Hee Kang","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. Rohatgi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Junegie Hong","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brian Rounsaville","is_ca":false},{"name":"Vijaykumar Upadhyaya","is_ca":false},{"name":"Abasifreke Ebong","is_ca":false},{"name":"Arnab Das","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02896751154530059,"gpt":0.2871781165793564,"spread":0.2582106050340559,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001330552,0.0003181166,0.0002664741,0.0001352325,0.0001627895,0.0004252505,0.0002988418,0.0004349807,0.001307633],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003908961,0.0002274911,0.0002358098,0.0001574833,0.0001585299,0.0002049021,0.0001388383,0.0002935122,0.000286151],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002114103,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001296449,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007149762,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001560209,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997928,0.00002670387,0.00001491208,0.00004568509,0.00008502189,0.0000349768],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995518,0.0001958737,0.0000872202,0.00003913703,0.00008489413,0.00004107268],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001053175,0.0000180364,0.0001705896,0.00006188856,0.00001241638,0.0001035724,0.0000141733,0.0001867625,0.997788,0.00001300593,0.00002517616,0.00150124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004596469,0.0001486786,0.002007791,0.000002227137,0.00001145853,0.0000466436,0.000007895587,0.0005130476,0.9971089,0.000001866579,0.0001434632,0.000003434195],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975802,0.0005829135,0.0005463885,0.0000220046,0.00001902907,0.000009908872,0.00004618175,0.00004949138,0.00114386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978588,0.0003039226,0.0009233098,0.00002120121,0.000005185056,0.000005173878,0.00005382643,0.00001833495,0.0008102219],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001307633,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004374504,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281755981","doi":"10.1002/pip.3594","title":"A solid strategy to realize heteroface selective emitter and rear passivated silicon solar cells","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Morgan Solar (Canada)","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Wafer; Materials science; Polishing; Common emitter; Passivation; Monocrystalline silicon; Etching (microfabrication); Optoelectronics; Crystalline silicon; Silicon; Solar cell; Reactive-ion etching; Nanotechnology; Optics; Composite material; Layer (electronics)","authors":[{"name":"Shuai Zou","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiaoya Ye","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jianming Ding","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chengkun Wu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shaozhou Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Giuseppe Scardera","is_ca":false},{"name":"Malcolm Abbott","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yù Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ronglei Fan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yadong Xu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xusheng Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mingrong Shen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiaodong Su","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03348614907192198,"gpt":0.3447466319547684,"spread":0.3112604828828464,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007853159,0.0004026673,0.0002308884,0.000222512,0.0001261211,0.0003155034,0.0004802221,0.0004239743,0.0009208166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006914992,0.0002640681,0.0002948236,0.0001593759,0.0001655088,0.0003301241,0.00043331,0.0005574251,0.0007990801],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001477114,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001833807,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000215416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006037039,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998922,0.000007308975,0.000009449878,0.00002399764,0.00004839655,0.00001862017],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999502,0.000004220934,0.0000147318,0.00001344853,0.00001168459,0.00000569326],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009801657,0.00001673995,0.00008183139,0.00003740648,0.000006990733,0.00005673107,0.00001185164,0.0001705211,0.995147,0.0007384415,0.00008953729,0.003633061],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001133212,0.0001274785,0.0004356917,0.000004065268,0.000008907555,0.0001425385,0.00001163418,0.002052119,0.9933407,0.0001248126,0.003733926,0.000006794798],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8956719,0.002224075,0.08678295,0.000232939,0.0001568702,0.0001749419,0.0004316121,0.0006726574,0.01365208],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9422732,0.0009630305,0.052681,0.00006733165,0.00002351447,0.00008755194,0.0002365885,0.00004078154,0.003627078],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009208166,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003080368,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410779908","doi":"10.1002/pip.3914","title":"Subcell‐Resolved EQE Method Using Reverse Voltage Biasing for Multijunction Photovoltaics With Overlapping Subcell Absorptance","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"solar cell performance optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Government of Canada","keywords":"Photovoltaics; Absorptance; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Reverse bias; Biasing; Voltage; Photovoltaic system; Optics; Electrical engineering; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Meghan N. Beattie","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael Schachtner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gerald Siefer","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Lackner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Oliver Höhn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Karin Hinzer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Henning Helmers","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04387144890649361,"gpt":0.3572902070869515,"spread":0.3134187581804579,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003670289,0.0003720862,0.0002975233,0.0005823575,0.0001601949,0.0004880111,0.0008120884,0.0004430379,0.00128561],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006089084,0.0002682927,0.0001917318,0.0006450001,0.0003313412,0.0007060206,0.0004450273,0.0006769361,0.0003356999],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004144119,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001943358,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005585931,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001163363,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996899,0.00003226722,0.00001397702,0.00008237006,0.0001551736,0.00002638851],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996166,0.000127342,0.00006590969,0.00008015033,0.00009709667,0.00001284726],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000724542,0.00006534896,0.001197269,0.00008786118,0.00001875231,0.00006758352,0.0001009003,0.002225533,0.9706242,0.00181262,0.0001303895,0.02359716],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001061693,0.000102993,0.002139119,0.000008321764,0.00001425008,0.0001091555,0.00004116459,0.06380352,0.9317043,0.0005724122,0.001466941,0.00002713338],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7338032,0.001339168,0.2565496,0.0001583724,0.00007411236,0.0001350542,0.0003698596,0.001159569,0.006411111],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9139842,0.0003284564,0.0836515,0.00007826716,0.00001102449,0.00008444671,0.00007497856,0.00005430691,0.001732965],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00128561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004300773,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3137222379","doi":"10.1002/pip.3404","title":"Three‐junction monolithic interconnected modules for concentrator photovoltaics","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications","topic":"solar cell performance optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut interdisciplinaire d'innovation technologique; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"College of Natural Resources and Sciences, Humboldt State University; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Université Grenoble Alpes; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Université de Sherbrooke; California Postsecondary Education Commission; Indian National Science Academy; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Suns in alchemy; Fabrication; Resistive touchscreen; Optoelectronics; Wafer; Materials science; Concentrator; Photovoltaic system; Photovoltaics; Electrical contacts; Electrical engineering; Energy conversion efficiency; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Pierre Albert","is_ca":true},{"name":"Abdelatif Jaouad","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gwénaëlle Hamon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Maïté Volatier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yannick Deshayes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Laurent Béchou","is_ca":true},{"name":"Vincent Aimez","is_ca":true},{"name":"Maxime Darnon","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04141297025694157,"gpt":0.3185493626838414,"spread":0.2771363924268999,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001048293,0.0001729804,0.0001667381,0.0001508029,0.0001746982,0.0003084301,0.0004533231,0.0002499824,0.00147975],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009662574,0.0001161307,0.0001856669,0.0002672646,0.0001053998,0.0003494334,0.0002044242,0.0003482297,0.0004741536],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002698236,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001102717,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003344374,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001012064,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999466,0.000005569604,0.000001866797,0.00001358634,0.0000219996,0.00001032061],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999335,0.00001315342,0.00001239507,0.00001350028,0.00001985837,0.000007513688],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003442084,0.00005384328,0.0006905486,0.00009172371,0.0000253487,0.00005235089,0.00003338566,0.002361841,0.9804381,0.001209692,0.0007575402,0.01425113],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009852104,0.0002384391,0.004189285,0.00001214325,0.0000250788,0.0001773089,0.00002180436,0.02194343,0.9626926,0.0003715928,0.0103031,0.00001527672],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8883743,0.002523751,0.09631566,0.0001885821,0.00009668875,0.00007363918,0.0004618487,0.001152661,0.0108128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9637626,0.0004419063,0.03298773,0.00005383589,0.00001652893,0.00003522042,0.0001987396,0.00005874743,0.002444568],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00147975,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004950225,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}