{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":5,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":5,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"590e810561cd","filters":{"venue":"Public Policy Research"}},"results":[{"id":"W1998325090","doi":"10.1111/j.1744-540x.2010.00600.x","title":"Why do childcare markets fail?: Comparing England and the Netherlands","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Public Policy Research","topic":"Social Policy and Reform Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Education and Early Childhood Development","funders":"","keywords":"New england; Economics; Economic history; Political science; Economic growth; Market economy; Business; Development economics","authors":[{"name":"Eva Lloyd","is_ca":false},{"name":"Helen Penn","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09507344613130579,"gpt":0.4310012399963328,"spread":0.335927793865027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.007076746,0.0001139257,0.0002187361,0.0002812731,0.003766006,0.0006869931,0.000628794,0.0001620607,0.00008289485],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005323146,0.00006707512,0.0000669612,0.001035124,0.003946344,0.0001885316,0.000416823,0.0009868798,0.0000124797],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005107118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003867396,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05245537,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04478817,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967197,0.001023178,0.0001623662,0.0002348889,0.0008367404,0.00102313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978412,0.001274798,0.00004303177,0.0002666026,0.0002749129,0.000299405],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007802655,0.00002836979,0.08662713,0.00001858805,0.00007512969,0.000001498503,0.100773,4.862726e-8,0.00002070759,0.7798895,0.01437066,0.01811742],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001867838,0.00002023177,0.1330313,0.0000120619,0.000004968174,0.000004087794,0.01092485,0.00002890638,0.0000077189,0.09220509,0.7617162,0.0001767316],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4717978,0.000342979,9.498642e-7,0.1931016,0.0001758862,0.0003500021,0.000004760231,0.0000483237,0.3341777],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910154,0.001015512,0.000007630132,0.0009072594,0.005148804,0.0000731597,0.000002027326,0.00001256214,0.001817608],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7473456,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987643,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003214229","doi":"10.1111/j.1744-540x.2008.00503.x","title":"Lying back and thinking of England","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Public Policy Research","topic":"Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"World Federation of Science Journalists","funders":"","keywords":"Lying; Sociology; Law; Psychology; Political science; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Jean Edelstein","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.5960967525729288,"gpt":0.5883217717040815,"spread":0.007774980868847314,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004187125,0.00009125959,0.0002293443,0.0005557586,0.001843942,0.000008008259,0.0002307732,0.0001369422,0.0002119528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002400973,0.00006853745,0.00002168708,0.0008543288,0.000505812,0.0001714211,0.0004617496,0.001138665,0.0002024541],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001380485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00160189,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002757932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005755625,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963969,0.00127797,0.0003595683,0.0003286527,0.0006338353,0.001003089],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979622,0.0007110881,0.00009425305,0.0003626045,0.0005494532,0.0003204438],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007880348,0.0002169568,0.8989117,0.001081174,0.00002451464,0.000006772235,0.02913867,2.488192e-7,0.0009305698,0.05009265,0.01240848,0.007109509],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001731183,0.0001959232,0.6929893,0.0001963969,0.00000171592,0.00003513184,0.003744077,0.00005069988,0.0001162065,0.01066821,0.2900897,0.0001814795],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9261901,0.0005060802,0.00004455533,0.02692849,0.0001283047,0.000677374,0.000009804156,0.00004008802,0.04547523],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9852863,0.0006937609,0.000193855,0.0004833104,0.001567808,0.00003088894,0.000004960269,0.00001992878,0.01171917],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2776812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994555,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4229814006","doi":"10.1111/j.1744-540x.2007.00477.x","title":"update: global conflict","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Public Policy Research","topic":"Peacebuilding and International Security","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Genocide; Discipline; Human rights; Quarter (Canadian coin); Political science; Sociology; Public relations; Law; History","authors":[],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2274879953795904,"gpt":0.5558464308424119,"spread":0.3283584354628215,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01013805,0.00006336277,0.00008130549,0.0003206323,0.0008399941,0.0003519375,0.0007652124,0.0001096406,0.0005903938],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005062331,0.00006260745,0.00004996653,0.001708775,0.000697035,0.0003113597,0.000171015,0.0003163555,0.0006049545],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009627735,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001255209,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06387474,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008757913,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966308,0.000353267,0.0001578015,0.0002138363,0.00150434,0.001139942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984063,0.0002789601,0.00002801971,0.000184047,0.0005874212,0.0005152444],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008510602,0.0000455263,0.006129016,0.000001337854,0.000008387602,0.000004107364,0.0007214483,5.734227e-8,0.00002878636,0.8856511,0.08981752,0.01758426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001153089,0.0000125593,0.01935627,0.000002993732,4.108811e-7,0.000001833632,0.0004922303,0.000008065826,0.00004806895,0.01280948,0.9670876,0.00006519121],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1519707,0.0003899446,0.0001494199,0.05882012,0.0001482231,0.0001287566,0.0000207772,0.0001112296,0.7882609],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916762,0.000491716,0.00006994892,0.0007473273,0.002030862,0.000007610749,0.000007230853,0.000005329854,0.004963786],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87727,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.942359,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060052738","doi":"10.1111/j.1744-540x.2009.00559.x","title":"Constitutional reform after the expenses crisis","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Public Policy Research","topic":"Social Policy and Reform Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Government of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Politics; Power (physics); Political science; Public administration; Class (philosophy); Law; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Vernon Bogdanor","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2040252273761026,"gpt":0.5035480907170403,"spread":0.2995228633409377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.003058551,0.00009836334,0.0001313068,0.0002273953,0.003738649,0.0003382275,0.000595801,0.0001222948,0.0001564082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002305235,0.00005774703,0.0001004326,0.001508249,0.004514945,0.0003699105,0.0001438228,0.0004149621,0.0002236358],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005772131,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001435374,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02749814,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027253,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967002,0.0005086146,0.0001756226,0.0002027139,0.001266815,0.001146033],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987372,0.0002812146,0.00003185519,0.0002518967,0.0004462305,0.0002516424],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001915989,0.00004309137,0.0002400962,0.000001534716,0.00001641522,0.000002861728,0.009986319,3.678393e-8,0.000003484622,0.9559289,0.0246188,0.009139347],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001801061,0.0000544082,0.01574848,0.000007227669,0.000003083965,0.000003860591,0.03152359,0.000001012913,0.0000237208,0.2765772,0.6757302,0.0001471038],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01025178,0.0002892025,0.000003763516,0.4592995,0.00008797387,0.0002025437,0.00001082209,0.00005921026,0.5297952],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9845024,0.0007998594,0.00001317972,0.0052214,0.004260981,0.0001038631,0.000001652756,0.00000365411,0.005092981],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9742507,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9981942,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968515232","doi":"10.1111/j.1744-540x.2011.00641.x","title":"Rising oil prices: The cost of revolution and the course of true love","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Public Policy Research","topic":"Global Energy and Sustainability Research","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Novelis (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Course (navigation); Economics; Politics; State (computer science); Oil price; Natural resource economics; Market economy; Engineering; Political science; Monetary economics; Law; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Jerome Roos","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.106763386470243,"gpt":0.3836531332633177,"spread":0.2768897467930747,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007611197,0.0001137263,0.0002519332,0.0002866511,0.0002713221,0.00005983008,0.0008396482,0.0001200027,0.000168278],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005873372,0.00006057538,0.0000920352,0.001685098,0.003473824,0.0002034158,0.0005140131,0.0005293845,0.00001670398],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001585224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001001582,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0791209,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001798681,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962774,0.001483232,0.0003517727,0.0002384138,0.0008548934,0.0007942953],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964216,0.00123221,0.0001011882,0.0008338887,0.001243694,0.0001673666],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003785022,0.0001643949,0.001202602,0.0001274455,0.00007287967,0.000001299547,0.004201683,0.00002360428,0.00009768442,0.9206424,0.0004713964,0.07261607],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006081934,0.0005788907,0.06733955,0.0001397614,0.00004698427,0.0000579086,0.03256716,0.007751206,0.005135649,0.7174318,0.1624143,0.0004548293],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4557157,0.002189353,0.00006680803,0.02981961,0.00004910969,0.0004860829,0.00002769516,0.00002462979,0.5116211],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962114,0.0005577826,0.00003304064,0.00006642201,0.0001207929,0.00004109316,0.000002963518,0.00001333173,0.002953161],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5404958,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992381,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}