{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":57,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":57,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"b9244b66afd1","filters":{"venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics"}},"results":[{"id":"W1509097014","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9442.2012.01742.x","title":"Information and College Access: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment*","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"School Choice and Performance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":190,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Golder Associates (Canada); University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Disadvantaged; Calculator; Educational attainment; Economics; Demographic economics; Psychology; Mathematics education; Medical education; Actuarial science; Economic growth; Medicine; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Philip Oreopoulos","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ryan Dunn","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03235551140405151,"gpt":0.3091444430548134,"spread":0.2767889316507618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007416842,0.00006863023,0.0002701879,0.00009125366,0.0001720484,0.0003689944,0.0002675453,0.00006266617,0.0009238504],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005046915,0.00005843324,0.00007422353,0.00006189219,0.000102966,0.005583541,0.00003205644,0.0001177507,0.00003841104],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007475601,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001416479,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002536168,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000285641,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992214,0.0000883652,0.0004346395,0.00004786412,0.00007234649,0.0001353139],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986359,0.0005905023,0.0004360526,0.00007446313,0.0001124012,0.0001506842],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"randomized_trial","study_design_scores_codex":[0.03241481,0.0001294335,0.516911,0.00009573546,0.0007946794,0.00001199634,0.1889678,0.0003531328,0.000222663,0.01700193,0.1276652,0.1154317],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.3021896,0.001890549,0.1239932,0.00461081,0.0007109314,0.0001316845,0.1643469,0.007376784,0.01224125,0.2353826,0.1438972,0.003228429],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9916739,0.0008127262,0.0001019969,0.003503382,0.0004932725,0.0002026689,0.000004366035,0.000004602377,0.003203014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993438,0.004969706,0.0004391008,0.0005801024,0.000460414,0.0000097815,6.980819e-7,0.000002825098,0.00009939128],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3929178,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999894,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3121489284","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12225","title":"Court Efficiency and Procurement Performance","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Law, Economics, and Judicial Systems","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":96,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"HEC Montréal","funders":"Vetenskapsrådet; Università degli Studi di Padova; Canada Research Chairs; Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Inefficiency; Procurement; Payment; Order (exchange); Business; Work (physics); Simple (philosophy); Law and economics; Economics; Microeconomics; Finance; Marketing; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Decio Coviello","is_ca":true},{"name":"Luigi Moretti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Giancarlo Spagnolo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paola Valbonesi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03749946506513736,"gpt":0.2212770787704855,"spread":0.1837776137053482,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001249406,0.0001558659,0.0006671044,0.0001862463,0.0004915909,0.0004038496,0.0005885626,0.00009921552,0.00009352366],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008963745,0.0001997873,0.000147757,0.00002326605,0.0002904393,0.0008607074,0.00009111426,0.0001807333,0.00009630412],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000303486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005059262,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001076541,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004398499,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982029,0.000008502944,0.001170931,0.0002755058,0.0000213875,0.0003207842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968377,0.00002046495,0.002438785,0.0004319266,0.00005716762,0.0002140024],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008165412,0.00008978649,0.8023635,0.00007323715,0.0001484697,0.000008344186,0.000534495,0.0001949091,0.000005308191,0.1908243,0.0006997796,0.004976244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008828956,0.002312241,0.6116621,0.0006171355,0.00009282415,0.0006919302,0.001125989,0.01393551,0.000543171,0.2837956,0.07436497,0.002029547],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9468867,0.001234129,0.000281733,0.0007153694,0.001958054,0.0001614836,0.000037092,0.000006026735,0.04871944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964975,0.002208819,0.0002343296,0.00009378079,0.0006480521,0.000003435767,0.000001076847,0.00002531516,0.0002877619],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1907013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8147089,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1539959522","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9442.2011.01652.x","title":"Assimilation to a Welfare State: Labor Market Performance and Use of Social Benefits by Immigrants to Finland*","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Economic and Social Research Council","keywords":"Immigration; Earnings; Welfare state; Economics; Welfare; Labour economics; Native-Born; Demographic economics; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Matti Sarvimäki","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02559481686136771,"gpt":0.2432297113252779,"spread":0.2176348944639102,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004672337,0.00008266506,0.0001960231,0.0001341208,0.0002002184,0.00006002752,0.0001316504,0.00005809366,0.0002917172],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006120599,0.00008209974,0.00004154506,0.0001530631,0.00005091465,0.0004195593,0.00001892566,0.00007927872,0.000003019558],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008547656,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007231993,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002345919,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00465374,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992334,0.00005500396,0.000361162,0.00009631585,0.00008282303,0.0001712744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992315,0.00002608974,0.0003043549,0.00005739798,0.0001689005,0.0002117724],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001636729,0.0001711831,0.6576261,0.00004764158,0.0001317956,0.000003808739,0.215014,0.001230955,0.00007489432,0.008564296,0.0324745,0.08302413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007317851,0.0004312125,0.929119,0.00007984556,0.00003164631,0.000004654115,0.005118253,0.0007581883,0.0001363836,0.0002050748,0.06311269,0.0002712666],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970067,0.0000240265,0.00005818563,0.001400617,0.0001739995,0.0001181485,0.0002193951,0.000003046847,0.0009958502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997569,0.0003773142,0.0007700142,0.0002540797,0.00005815106,0.000001397852,0.000002394602,0.000008703293,0.0009589702],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2714929,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3347931,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2166915386","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9442.2007.00518.x","title":"The Macroeconomic Consequences of Reciprocity in Labor Relations*","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Reciprocity (cultural anthropology); Wage; Efficiency wage; Labour economics; Microeconomics; Differential (mechanical device); Rigidity (electromagnetism); Perspective (graphical)","authors":[{"name":"Jean‐Pierre Danthine","is_ca":false},{"name":"André Kurmann","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02281999861747849,"gpt":0.2395332284616011,"spread":0.2167132298441226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005506949,0.000130453,0.0005038031,0.000297461,0.0001045317,0.00006186403,0.0004370191,0.0001041775,0.00008656731],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003454028,0.0001198496,0.00017367,0.0002172473,0.0002763592,0.0003179447,0.00003968582,0.0002877532,0.00001967833],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003687057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001026631,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001633615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006270123,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973732,0.00003371644,0.002091829,0.0001786021,0.00002145839,0.00030116],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970622,0.0004178448,0.00206097,0.0002593954,0.0000978709,0.0001017343],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001245115,0.00003320766,0.5068272,0.000007871369,0.00004448561,0.000005900556,0.0002226217,0.0002407823,0.0000135998,0.4907826,0.00002677809,0.001670427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009574953,0.0001284486,0.2798812,0.00004698579,0.000007167679,0.00003548164,0.0004736338,0.0002225298,0.0002560135,0.7123383,0.005452088,0.0002006851],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9891633,0.001629995,0.0003763531,0.001118313,0.0008315073,0.0001111001,0.0001195214,0.000002894602,0.006646964],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997334,0.001394276,0.0008330137,0.00008650533,0.0001044697,0.000001402704,0.00000208554,0.00001469363,0.0002295755],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.226946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4887326,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2258354779","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9442.2005.00415.x","title":"Intergenerational Mobility under Private vs. Public Education*","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Inequality; Economics; Earnings; Social mobility; Human capital; Labour economics; Private capital; Affect (linguistics); Labor mobility; Demographic economics; Economic growth; Macroeconomics; Finance; Sociology; Production (economics)","authors":[{"name":"James Davies","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jie Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jinli Zeng","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06738623072498671,"gpt":0.3366961041017699,"spread":0.2693098733767831,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009831575,0.00009324073,0.0001701689,0.0001354723,0.0004426375,0.0001442752,0.0002602983,0.00005373158,0.0009881096],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002136431,0.00008982313,0.0001321153,0.00009740066,0.0001757054,0.0007420187,0.00002638895,0.0001273278,0.00005335823],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006623825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013739,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006688612,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001320088,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988809,0.0001123206,0.0005653526,0.0001205596,0.0001258732,0.0001949908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987354,0.00008278453,0.0003394154,0.00009161508,0.0005662699,0.0001844785],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000277885,0.0003249205,0.01712732,0.000003739768,0.00008250059,1.270166e-7,0.002571453,0.001162506,0.00001754866,0.9527363,0.02135275,0.004593086],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003830965,0.0001139636,0.03272368,0.00004123829,0.00002963778,0.00002566797,0.006136067,0.0001644527,0.0002593362,0.1219902,0.8378097,0.0003229499],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9154312,0.0003091867,0.0004178971,0.07236675,0.002376804,0.0000802798,0.00001138445,0.000006956637,0.008999539],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.987573,0.0002979323,0.002910159,0.001860973,0.004297529,0.000007527836,0.00001212227,0.000007038956,0.003033679],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.830746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999251,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067487278","doi":"10.1111/1467-9442.00198","title":"Redistribution with Unobservable Bequests: A Case for Taxing Capital Income","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Unobservable; Redistribution (election); Redistribution of income and wealth; Labour economics; Earnings; Inheritance tax; Capital income; International taxation; Income tax; Gross income; Double taxation; Capital (architecture); State income tax; Monetary economics; Microeconomics; Tax reform; Public economics; Econometrics; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Robin Boadway","is_ca":true},{"name":"Maurice Marchand","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pierre Pestieau","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02823897798131667,"gpt":0.2138530679878419,"spread":0.1856140900065253,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006983567,0.0002113091,0.0006218966,0.0002105173,0.0001972742,0.000140804,0.000261661,0.0001242185,0.0002796128],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004578194,0.0002242074,0.000230026,0.0001065824,0.0001003067,0.0008610528,0.00001776487,0.0002155406,0.00008025783],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004548862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005598502,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000940202,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005716227,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981324,0.00001162662,0.001134252,0.0002809433,0.00001387147,0.0004269123],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985373,0.00006584633,0.0008725284,0.0002414894,0.00004988749,0.0002329421],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002099922,0.0003927829,0.1526933,0.0002540035,0.0009164031,0.0007617171,0.002145888,0.004961474,0.00001014806,0.8242398,0.003278252,0.008246326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007179718,0.002410794,0.01172212,0.0002219424,0.00008523423,0.01165388,0.000614743,0.007628317,0.0002519559,0.9322362,0.02486471,0.001130392],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.983785,0.0004457103,0.001043581,0.0005642176,0.0003490472,0.000201319,0.0006159035,0.00001196886,0.01298321],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969254,0.00006709597,0.001893784,0.0001520185,0.0006065461,0.00001164651,0.00002137464,0.00003815173,0.0002840219],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1409712,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9142911,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1884544597","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12191","title":"Hospital Mergers with Regulated Prices","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Healthcare Policy and Management","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"European Regional Development Fund; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; Mountain Equipment Co-operative","keywords":"Competition (biology); Quality (philosophy); Altruism (biology); Yield (engineering); Business; Strategic complements; Industrial organization; Microeconomics; Operations management; Economics; Psychology","authors":[{"name":"Kurt Richard Brekke","is_ca":false},{"name":"Luigi Siciliani","is_ca":false},{"name":"Odd Rune Straume","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02412558302615078,"gpt":0.2143407187580252,"spread":0.1902151357318744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000544714,0.000138337,0.0004070737,0.0002973534,0.00006372792,0.00004659525,0.0002480628,0.00006387371,0.0002476725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004693217,0.0001028695,0.0001211336,0.000110732,0.00008083796,0.0004941165,0.00002847483,0.00009465643,0.0001341645],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000252746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004765384,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009947005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003612731,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986637,0.00001021308,0.0008000158,0.0001991465,0.00001973562,0.0003071968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984372,0.00003719737,0.001074709,0.0001921681,0.00005139267,0.0002072951],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003079351,0.0002066376,0.1065239,0.00006704266,0.0006927799,0.00006223613,0.0009924908,0.00026179,0.00001641899,0.8539776,0.005350428,0.0315408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009202474,0.004774147,0.1210184,0.000754177,0.00008097728,0.000185782,0.000740061,0.0003009402,0.0008421704,0.2072144,0.6531567,0.001729854],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.967119,0.0006114535,0.002776958,0.01783525,0.0009200379,0.0001529882,0.00005775785,0.0000133397,0.01051315],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996789,0.0009011258,0.000986502,0.00023515,0.0002430451,0.000002864323,8.518934e-7,0.00002413391,0.0008173308],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6478062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4194897,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139634631","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12040","title":"Capital Controls, Global Liquidity Traps, and the International Policy Trilemma*","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Trilemma; Liquidity trap; Economics; Monetary policy; Monetary economics; Market liquidity; Capital (architecture); Zero lower bound; Capital control; Capital account; Liquidity crisis; International finance; International economics; Macroeconomics; Capital flows; Market economy","authors":[{"name":"Michael B. Devereux","is_ca":true},{"name":"James Yetman","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01530382715312734,"gpt":0.2136770860128198,"spread":0.1983732588596925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006509934,0.0001592802,0.0005456481,0.0001359282,0.0001138199,0.0003119064,0.0004606194,0.00008537094,0.0002509149],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000213363,0.0001298632,0.00026102,0.00009648035,0.00023628,0.0004875331,0.00007120924,0.0001670867,0.00009272592],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002606837,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000672021,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001813422,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006943766,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985963,0.00002163533,0.000923325,0.0001616268,0.00002837534,0.000268761],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986751,0.00006269233,0.0008509126,0.0001638465,0.00008580324,0.0001616149],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001458717,0.00003429817,0.02769345,0.000004041189,0.0001322652,0.000002014976,0.0004362281,0.00005519485,0.000002134084,0.9622245,0.007157365,0.002112614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006139087,0.0002699752,0.1320684,0.00002601969,0.00002494044,0.0002852628,0.0005643046,0.0007289114,0.00001350455,0.7085142,0.1510344,0.0003311185],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9656757,0.002310206,0.0001001573,0.01687454,0.001222468,0.0001690092,0.000412846,0.000005119512,0.01323002],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954318,0.001862121,0.0001119727,0.001350456,0.001030957,0.000005959224,0.000003501574,0.00001017153,0.0001930509],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2537104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5295666,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1480596749","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9442.2012.01714.x","title":"Envy and Inequality*","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Economic theories and models","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Bequest; Economics; Overlapping generations model; Inequality; Consumption (sociology); Labour economics; Distribution (mathematics); Capital (architecture); Stock (firearms); Position (finance); Demographic economics; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Francisco Alvarez‐Cuadrado","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ngo Van Long","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05040561257013857,"gpt":0.2200646325286865,"spread":0.169659019958548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001300153,0.0001391097,0.000508409,0.0001975506,0.00006990456,0.00006666808,0.0001855167,0.00008418963,0.0003216928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005588489,0.0001547352,0.0001389523,0.00004392627,0.00008425627,0.0008211778,0.00005616756,0.0001643993,0.0001170195],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001237185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001641689,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002025907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003263422,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985566,0.00001380811,0.0009514286,0.0001405535,0.000008662641,0.0003289784],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985555,0.00005547812,0.000893044,0.0001902,0.00002190373,0.0002838982],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000315934,0.00004110324,0.1995689,0.00001240098,0.00007184115,0.00000102917,0.0008122609,0.00005443951,0.000003728853,0.7973797,0.0002871599,0.001735772],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002725771,0.0004082869,0.08270737,0.0000637153,0.00004186697,0.000551786,0.001103806,0.0004995139,0.0002559185,0.755558,0.1552253,0.000858586],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.97794,0.005224099,0.001061471,0.0003818231,0.001192241,0.00005914787,0.00006232626,0.00000549144,0.01407344],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963468,0.001209344,0.001234141,0.0002149543,0.0006161721,0.000001423384,0.000001865874,0.00002286422,0.0003524711],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1549382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6309917,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2101040750","doi":"10.1111/1467-9442.00214","title":"Government Spending and Welfare with Returns to Specialization","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Monopolistic competition; Economics; Government spending; Consumption (sociology); Welfare; Productivity; Competition (biology); Government (linguistics); Consumer spending; Total factor productivity; Production (economics); Monetary economics; Public finance; Microeconomics; Macroeconomics; Market economy; Recession; Monopoly","authors":[{"name":"Michael B. Devereux","is_ca":true},{"name":"Allen Head","is_ca":true},{"name":"Beverly Lapham","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02033906363427934,"gpt":0.1964948583632846,"spread":0.1761557947290053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003637843,0.0001355969,0.0003979512,0.0001145888,0.0001115539,0.000108948,0.0001590868,0.00005723563,0.0005014283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002638866,0.0001425715,0.00008190205,0.00006634258,0.00003857853,0.000340462,0.00001569298,0.00008886793,0.00004027162],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002654656,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008067628,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009002609,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002435853,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988829,0.000005725165,0.0006499296,0.0002144566,0.00001588844,0.0002310994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992138,0.00002367747,0.0004145576,0.0001335612,0.00001172056,0.000202701],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009119917,0.00008508118,0.2275081,0.00005563123,0.0002195245,0.000008867184,0.001625077,0.001756089,0.000005384681,0.7541158,0.001679933,0.01202845],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006002843,0.002689952,0.2593753,0.0002245145,0.00006985092,0.0004433951,0.001252498,0.002208789,0.0003195226,0.4255306,0.3005866,0.001296065],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9459767,0.000152875,0.0004635565,0.002300431,0.000270216,0.0001805181,0.0001849062,0.000004646401,0.05046616],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968166,0.0001053701,0.001834394,0.0002802603,0.0005053966,0.000003744222,0.000003068506,0.0000259661,0.0004251433],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3285852,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5813897,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2125109859","doi":"10.1111/1467-9442.t01-2-00007","title":"Recent Technological and Economic Change among Industrialized Countries: Insights from Population Growth*","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Economic Growth and Productivity","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Population growth; Developed country; Developing country; Population; Technological change; Demographic economics; Work (physics); Human capital; Development economics; Economic growth; Macroeconomics; Demography","authors":[{"name":"Paul Beaudry","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fabrice Collard","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05564068441584366,"gpt":0.217659387213696,"spread":0.1620187027978524,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009350096,0.0002630182,0.0008782253,0.0004318024,0.0001453046,0.0001658171,0.0002643708,0.0003373926,0.0004818066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003133636,0.0002914472,0.0001457013,0.00009721676,0.000206049,0.001080296,0.00004657476,0.0003868688,0.00008413625],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005114609,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004626828,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004261244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000151063,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978018,0.00006671195,0.001339073,0.0004639086,0.00001862826,0.0003098246],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997701,0.0001178138,0.00160875,0.0002904866,0.00004333272,0.0002386364],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009238807,0.00003998428,0.7437282,0.000007831482,0.0001171825,0.000005429253,0.0002331941,0.00002541887,0.000002116711,0.253383,0.000159123,0.002206098],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003830089,0.000310824,0.3027477,0.00006934748,0.00004801873,0.00007663075,0.00026887,0.0004475171,0.0003099357,0.6168497,0.07423872,0.000802612],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888795,0.005524954,0.0001254337,0.0007484367,0.001640905,0.0002570245,0.000143206,0.00001750267,0.002663055],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902527,0.008574631,0.0004346757,0.0001542064,0.0004875592,0.00001092581,0.00001675476,0.00003064569,0.00003795053],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4409805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999537,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1999492678","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9442.2005.00422.x","title":"Intertemporal Equity and Hartwick's Rule in an Exhaustible Resource Model*","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Sustainable Development and Environmental Policy","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Converse; Microeconomics; Economic rent; Resource (disambiguation); Intergenerational equity; Consumption (sociology); Capital (architecture); Investment (military); Mathematical economics; Mathematics; Sustainability","authors":[{"name":"Wolfgang Buchholz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Swapan Dasgupta","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tapan Mitra","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02490114709940471,"gpt":0.2557461960362167,"spread":0.230845048936812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000483445,0.0001263752,0.0001943942,0.000101505,0.00007047548,0.00006655294,0.0002632905,0.00005566594,0.0004079426],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005066152,0.0001254568,0.00003896446,0.00006250091,0.0001427432,0.0009771836,0.0002647266,0.0001672184,0.00003339018],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006503232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000266972,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008443079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005246574,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990612,0.00002313192,0.0003904065,0.0001661803,0.00007130657,0.0002877415],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994608,0.000008496927,0.0001838648,0.0001201154,0.000002661728,0.0002240592],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002818688,0.0002090333,0.7580189,0.00001182689,0.0000161527,0.00003668992,0.003016093,0.173637,0.0002896421,0.000530225,0.001328768,0.06262384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00562681,0.0008084117,0.7981641,0.0001405386,0.00004898767,0.0005013758,0.005005217,0.1265293,0.002737758,0.0317919,0.02731649,0.001329117],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9847774,0.00003445213,0.00004328816,0.0003822184,0.00003351544,0.00006021264,0.00000224644,0.000003864628,0.01466282],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959309,0.00007584916,0.002725797,0.0003835043,0.00007790259,0.000001139481,0.000002231994,0.000014067,0.0007885939],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06129472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5115981,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2109839734","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9442.2012.01716.x","title":"Export Market Dynamics and Plant‐Level Productivity: Impact of Tariff Reductions and Exchange‐Rate Cycles*","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Statistics Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Liberian dollar; Productivity; Tariff; Economics; Exchange rate; Offset (computer science); International economics; Monetary economics; Multifactor productivity; Total factor productivity; Macroeconomics","authors":[{"name":"John R. Baldwin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Beiling Yan","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07351692503926767,"gpt":0.2351925737332267,"spread":0.161675648693959,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001288952,0.0002374754,0.0007641834,0.0003869019,0.00009875836,0.00007413144,0.000175899,0.0001366267,0.0001766907],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007207412,0.0002599013,0.0002058091,0.0001056974,0.0001805261,0.001086985,0.00007310092,0.00024187,0.00000893518],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003391433,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005115818,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001448942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006047081,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982453,0.00002425241,0.001033634,0.0002610478,0.00001670303,0.0004190428],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979964,0.00005187357,0.001315312,0.0002527231,0.00004035977,0.0003432547],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001807805,0.0001835336,0.962502,0.00006584332,0.0004366148,0.000003819955,0.0007236506,0.0001371407,0.00001582583,0.03046107,0.002008427,0.003281292],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001054943,0.0003651351,0.9747096,0.00005397624,0.00005642571,0.0009077647,0.0004283126,0.001295438,0.00007147057,0.01924349,0.001397025,0.0004163883],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.990562,0.002944997,0.0001337301,0.0002998151,0.0008572454,0.0001354639,0.001332891,0.000005505158,0.003728396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946451,0.003696473,0.0008581837,0.00002629462,0.000405876,0.000002491415,0.00001552738,0.00003137916,0.0003187436],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01220763,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999853,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2728429789","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12177","title":"Long‐Run Impact of Biofuels on Food Prices","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies","field":"Energy","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biofuel; Economics; Agricultural economics; Gasoline; Mandate; Agriculture; Food prices; Differential (mechanical device); Natural resource economics; Food security; Geography; Biotechnology; Waste management","authors":[{"name":"Ujjayant Chakravorty","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marie‐Hélène Hubert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michel Moreaux","is_ca":false},{"name":"Linda Nøstbakken","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01748681050235251,"gpt":0.2388854113069619,"spread":0.2213986008046094,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000141365,0.0001417765,0.0002947725,0.0001924643,0.00003407777,0.00001486554,0.000198464,0.00006594199,0.0004144243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001485035,0.00009232117,0.0002965904,0.00005008731,0.0001009986,0.0002502278,0.000006812382,0.00007025465,0.00002184385],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001526439,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004966068,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006911881,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000153395,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990765,0.00002047421,0.0005396758,0.0001067772,0.00006227813,0.0001942778],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988758,0.00007800703,0.0006879884,0.0001797686,0.00003094763,0.000147472],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001068498,0.0006290973,0.6963891,0.00006490253,0.002063842,0.00003581975,0.001513668,0.06057232,0.006256256,0.1651797,0.0003191525,0.06590759],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003693617,0.003966163,0.9070052,0.0003128119,0.0001155591,0.00006928946,0.0001388324,0.00001405087,0.03954056,0.04182613,0.002902333,0.0004154585],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950507,0.0001458304,0.0001353144,0.0001631424,0.0002087689,0.00003043762,0.00005551268,0.000004934848,0.004205379],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983656,0.0009858466,0.0001415488,0.00004512756,0.00017198,8.682867e-7,0.000002406165,0.00002201476,0.0002646442],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.210616,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4537656,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2736777795","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12362","title":"Assigning Refugees to Landlords in Sweden: Efficient, Stable, and Maximum Matchings*","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Game Theory and Voting Systems","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Landlord; Refugee; Matching (statistics); Economics; Microeconomics; Mathematics; Political science; Law; Statistics","authors":[{"name":"Tommy Andersson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lars Ehlers","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02097217008433751,"gpt":0.2322154321977155,"spread":0.211243262113378,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002036395,0.0001547734,0.0006179829,0.000515333,0.00004961721,0.0001370081,0.000252118,0.00008441063,0.0001404765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007256379,0.0001679971,0.00008906519,0.0001503943,0.00002541384,0.0002369475,0.00005991326,0.0002433971,0.0002130876],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001780235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002334693,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004845086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000195776,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984203,0.00003240694,0.0009629344,0.0002550087,0.00002088171,0.0003084725],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988136,0.00008498513,0.000720088,0.0001922872,0.00002468506,0.0001642997],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001825655,0.00006562074,0.8988369,0.00007776485,0.00006603209,0.00001517463,0.001899057,0.01055216,0.00008094392,0.08729678,0.0001473242,0.0007796933],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01343585,0.002868737,0.6024132,0.002658625,0.00005348368,0.001091535,0.005549035,0.01273186,0.0009610279,0.2881544,0.06711623,0.002966017],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9897538,0.0005957047,0.0003440442,0.0002372242,0.001003834,0.0001565097,0.00002970884,0.000006404484,0.007872793],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983044,0.00004338867,0.0005951475,0.0001190858,0.0001408008,0.000001886007,0.000001156437,0.00002540729,0.0007687519],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2964237,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6850725,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1986905780","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9442.2006.00474.x","title":"Policy Positions, Information Acquisition and Turnout","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Turnout; Comparative statics; Politics; Economics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Public economics; Microeconomics; Political science; Voting; Law","authors":[{"name":"Arianna Degan","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01239241554523251,"gpt":0.2829345105153176,"spread":0.2705420949700851,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000340098,0.0000426303,0.00009650067,0.0001254193,0.0001796896,0.0001273004,0.00004809111,0.00004859384,0.00003481016],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003644435,0.00004143349,0.00003758319,0.0000703567,0.0000711016,0.0008617517,0.000004961501,0.00005490065,0.00001147772],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001867843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001150092,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003626442,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005846994,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994087,0.00005433402,0.000314533,0.00003050098,0.0000480961,0.0001437854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995053,0.00003197655,0.0002325013,0.00003376433,0.00009339341,0.0001029992],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002419351,0.00002016379,0.0474503,0.000009565055,0.00001060844,9.060319e-7,0.00105888,0.0001539335,0.00004044143,0.9469575,0.0009769015,0.003296562],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001342584,0.0004393357,0.4015519,0.0001704761,0.00006075985,0.00008970625,0.001331263,0.0002369821,0.0003478501,0.5615473,0.0325287,0.0003531457],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9827057,0.00005689112,0.0001976732,0.003799099,0.0001787655,0.00006007624,0.000009077139,0.000005327148,0.01298743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986782,0.00003281237,0.0001142654,0.0001623224,0.0008856598,8.354182e-7,0.000004957744,0.000002367685,0.0001185885],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3854102,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.548212,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2917649878","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12344","title":"Hours Worked in Europe and the United States: New Data, New Answers*","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Employment and Welfare Studies","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"H2020 European Research Council","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Harmonization; Demographic economics; Construct (python library); Aggregate data; Economics; Demography; Work (physics); Western europe; Work hours; Geography; Political science; Labour economics; Sociology; Working hours; International economics; Statistics; Mathematics; European union","authors":[{"name":"Alexander Bick","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bettina Brüggemann","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicola Fuchs‐Schündeln","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07407572003659652,"gpt":0.3527563322607845,"spread":0.2786806122241879,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001118016,0.000127507,0.0003845652,0.0001797792,0.0001544468,0.00002812808,0.0004138198,0.00005721497,0.0001878602],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001225678,0.00008404315,0.00003449291,0.0002182236,0.00007667892,0.0002809729,0.0002045203,0.0005243787,0.00005888853],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008039807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003188622,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001534557,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001034222,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986417,0.0002319704,0.0006333926,0.0001504888,0.00004988041,0.0002925397],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985076,0.0004354555,0.0004966065,0.0003133322,0.00007391229,0.0001731278],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008310534,0.00001734542,0.9173475,0.0000222934,0.000120198,0.000007292389,0.007956462,0.0002760033,6.512175e-7,0.002982992,0.06663731,0.003800932],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03301756,0.0004988454,0.5350881,0.001756104,0.0001705976,0.00003090179,0.02402093,0.0009686962,0.000002088222,0.01497351,0.388956,0.0005166903],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9792323,0.0009457308,0.00003553744,0.01637275,0.000930223,0.0003096503,0.00001564004,0.000006145987,0.00215201],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9609036,0.01659056,0.0003546868,0.004201796,0.001215102,0.000002076195,0.00006836685,0.00006140994,0.01660243],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3822594,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.342718,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1537670384","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12014","title":"Rent‐Seeking, Market Structure, and Growth","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Economic Growth and Development","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Market structure; Rent-seeking; Microeconomics; Neoclassical economics; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Daniel Brou","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michèle Ruta","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007331329755736124,"gpt":0.1769543431182571,"spread":0.169623013362521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002352169,0.0001285254,0.000242722,0.0001761622,0.00007068379,0.0003019177,0.0005286377,0.00005067527,0.0001802115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002536641,0.0001159717,0.00005997069,0.00005759518,0.00004442105,0.001023253,0.0001322891,0.0001421876,0.00001790831],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009349379,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008880291,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000158982,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003745235,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990563,0.00002487455,0.0004722986,0.000178403,0.00003794619,0.0002301435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990403,0.00004634571,0.0003900153,0.0001791073,0.000083682,0.0002605662],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005038705,0.00006797499,0.7043107,0.00007021744,0.0002848403,0.00004464558,0.001597774,0.00005498622,0.0001945992,0.1634732,0.04617921,0.08367142],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001786218,0.0003223542,0.5480939,0.00009204397,0.00001658386,0.001299837,0.00009142529,0.008068965,0.001346047,0.4356418,0.002668294,0.0005725786],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9886746,0.0003497136,0.004838567,0.000945097,0.0008968628,0.00009128913,0.000002814223,0.0000104647,0.0041906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9750187,0.0002694196,0.02400409,0.0003751513,0.0001229914,0.000001180254,4.303347e-7,0.000008135251,0.0001999397],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2721685,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4729187,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2253468653","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12119","title":"Malthus in Sweden","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Historical Economic and Social Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Fertility; Agriculture; Birth rate; Total fertility rate; Labour economics; Demographic economics; Agricultural economics; Geography; Population; Family planning; Demography; Research methodology","authors":[{"name":"Nils‐Petter Lagerlöf","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1042561833167964,"gpt":0.2506139953430215,"spread":0.1463578120262251,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001010551,0.0001218257,0.0006450248,0.0002743976,0.00004823045,0.00003971447,0.000274879,0.00009130841,0.0001101661],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001699057,0.0001419768,0.0001562703,0.0001194704,0.00007228817,0.0003223658,0.00004021827,0.000208752,0.0002737911],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001118124,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007813642,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002287984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001284967,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984342,0.00001549657,0.001107398,0.0001688164,0.00001461943,0.0002594132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987814,0.00003547476,0.0007729944,0.0001275992,0.00004311085,0.0002394383],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001584881,0.0001697362,0.5429711,0.00001494808,0.0001321158,0.00005118325,0.005725889,0.001343692,5.964429e-7,0.4361977,0.009818166,0.003416349],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005012702,0.0006327694,0.06546942,0.00005829984,0.00001476553,0.00009269757,0.002835048,0.0005790767,0.000009710981,0.5625201,0.3620589,0.0007164175],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8958326,0.004640669,0.0002741114,0.001154725,0.001924572,0.00008218062,0.00002531509,0.000006164184,0.09605967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973959,0.0005500357,0.000513308,0.0001899651,0.000383982,0.000002276759,9.774524e-7,0.00001717467,0.0009463491],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4775017,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5789644,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098568711","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12195","title":"Correlation, Consumption, Confusion, or Constraints: Why Do Poor Children Perform so Poorly?","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Stylized fact; Economics; Earnings; Consumption (sociology); Investment (military); Correlation; Value (mathematics); Demographic economics; Labour economics; Macroeconomics; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Elizabeth M. Caucutt","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lance Lochner","is_ca":true},{"name":"Youngmin Park","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0456378252006466,"gpt":0.3074843678762613,"spread":0.2618465426756147,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001031465,0.0001308627,0.0002517786,0.0001422514,0.0007696931,0.0001413343,0.0002482873,0.00008712442,0.006190765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004817102,0.0000871536,0.0001127753,0.00007470412,0.0008203649,0.0005664806,0.00002508334,0.0001109915,0.0001345118],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003409794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007553999,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001209812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006214376,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998643,0.0001097033,0.0006932244,0.0001530967,0.0001497551,0.000251165],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982127,0.0002807572,0.0005578222,0.00008972419,0.0006560119,0.0002030159],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002915705,0.0001500869,0.5743705,0.000008796981,0.0003377104,0.000003641814,0.007711984,0.00007615527,0.0000544712,0.3219416,0.07800397,0.01704944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007232208,0.001299957,0.5007046,0.001196636,0.0003418712,0.0007582591,0.0196056,0.0000943089,0.0004797828,0.1137794,0.3527417,0.001765634],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9721606,0.0002556463,0.0008622102,0.02189691,0.002135322,0.000155233,0.00009831372,0.0000114117,0.002424313],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929538,0.001542983,0.0003852961,0.001128924,0.001492979,0.000003902652,0.000007850121,0.00001023553,0.002474054],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2747377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9947177,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2155675916","doi":"10.1111/1467-9442.t01-2-00006","title":"Mortality and Early Growth in England, France and Sweden","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Economic Growth and Productivity","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Volatility (finance); Fertility; Mortality rate; Industrial Revolution; Econometrics; Demography; Geography; Population; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Nils‐Petter Lagerlöf","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03488872751270487,"gpt":0.2206232910106957,"spread":0.1857345634979908,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001495891,0.0001581474,0.0005841845,0.000275418,0.00005896773,0.00009183347,0.0001323101,0.00009574842,0.0000490814],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002011738,0.0001849989,0.00007343862,0.00008643222,0.0001075701,0.0006023079,0.000025891,0.0002596087,0.00001231821],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007914394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002845182,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001976155,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001037798,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985422,0.00003402307,0.0008500642,0.000302431,0.00001148546,0.0002597175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989333,0.00006883511,0.0006325434,0.0001572862,0.00002543156,0.0001826388],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001872419,0.00002495321,0.9215794,0.00001975318,0.000034759,0.000006239971,0.0004292188,0.000008830566,0.00000272304,0.07745304,0.00001146115,0.0004108957],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001528575,0.0001294373,0.8065878,0.00002147634,0.000006720027,0.0001043901,0.0000419881,0.00004500863,0.00009228131,0.1872355,0.003989452,0.000217384],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9901092,0.004390559,0.00007865159,0.0002576873,0.0004925961,0.00009502474,0.00002826709,0.000003114648,0.004544868],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975787,0.001611923,0.0004635298,0.00007028783,0.0001368643,0.000002215804,4.983836e-7,0.00001650006,0.0001194116],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1149916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7544038,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2143579414","doi":"10.1111/1467-9442.00181","title":"Is it Harmful to Allow Partial Cooperation?","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Economic theories and models","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Politics; Public good; Microeconomics; Welfare; Partial equilibrium; Wage; Public economics; Neoclassical economics; Market economy; Political science; General equilibrium theory; Law","authors":[{"name":"Paul Beaudry","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pierre Cahuc","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hubert Kempf","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04909730488485987,"gpt":0.2442097751123657,"spread":0.1951124702275058,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006901381,0.0002007558,0.0006155935,0.0002178821,0.0001305958,0.0001942157,0.0004275827,0.0001020097,0.01460133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003193507,0.00023522,0.0002671403,0.00009994397,0.00005494586,0.0005892589,0.00003257876,0.0001888265,0.002391979],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002183481,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005859048,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004394288,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002188266,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979378,0.00001349351,0.001353541,0.0003150589,0.00001608463,0.000364009],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987202,0.00003124048,0.0005184027,0.0003279177,0.00005733371,0.0003448519],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00113173,0.0004233237,0.04121927,0.00003972067,0.000852477,0.00004500711,0.01043488,0.06883848,0.00003516314,0.7460243,0.1074742,0.02348142],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002352613,0.0007002486,0.002254227,0.00006261539,0.00002969017,0.0001484189,0.0002961916,0.004776663,0.0005439693,0.07899398,0.9090813,0.0007600805],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9541641,0.0003559451,0.00121607,0.006967677,0.001031299,0.0001547981,0.0002085251,0.000008140242,0.03589348],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9846801,0.0008160437,0.001283068,0.003639858,0.0006822138,0.000005591597,0.000005258356,0.0000371775,0.008850729],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8016071,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983848,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3021466829","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9442.2011.01675.x","title":"Sharing the Cost of Global Warming*","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Center for Interuniversity Research and Analysis on Organizations; HEC Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Externality; Equity (law); Globe; Economics; Global warming; Distribution (mathematics); Context (archaeology); Compensation (psychology); Climate change; Cost sharing; Natural resource economics; Microeconomics; Geography; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Étienne Billette de Villemeur","is_ca":false},{"name":"Justin Leroux","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2001237687126089,"gpt":0.2626344815105444,"spread":0.06251071279793549,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008998273,0.0001556651,0.0005538589,0.0001166171,0.00008709611,0.00004610043,0.0007255519,0.0000892991,0.0005728468],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007075843,0.000146185,0.0002958342,0.0001210768,0.0001532652,0.0003466745,0.0001145485,0.0001760834,0.0001114112],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002796225,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003131628,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002197047,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001001774,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981723,0.000008724586,0.001304335,0.0001930113,0.00001339074,0.0003081739],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977258,0.00003949981,0.0016951,0.0003553791,0.00004443759,0.0001398039],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001156192,0.00008724406,0.5103099,0.00002541962,0.000168596,0.000005330095,0.001758082,0.0001392367,0.000001861222,0.4856171,0.0003478252,0.001423859],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002612365,0.0005439763,0.2011533,0.0001491867,0.00007990142,0.0004906137,0.002035862,0.002109962,0.0005500512,0.7750409,0.01451032,0.0007235878],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9535387,0.0009549941,0.0003784763,0.0003919474,0.001072433,0.0001263615,0.0002662254,0.000005254475,0.04326567],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979068,0.0008949029,0.0006102824,0.0002095441,0.0002649531,0.000003128462,0.000001982299,0.00001947336,0.00008891171],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3091566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6272271,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2167509359","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9442.2008.01552.x","title":"Ethnic Diversity, Civil War and Redistribution*","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Culture, Economy, and Development Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Ethnic group; Redistribution (election); Homogeneous; Spanish Civil War; Diversity (politics); Political economy; Political science; Cultural diversity; Economics; Development economics; Law; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Thomas Tangerås","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nils‐Petter Lagerlöf","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04653304160537197,"gpt":0.2821957136937349,"spread":0.2356626720883629,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005776285,0.00007645011,0.0002021553,0.00006271266,0.0007290907,0.00004259176,0.0001639964,0.00005889245,0.00006876596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006477255,0.00007435271,0.00007272478,0.00006720958,0.0001556449,0.0003307063,0.00006350908,0.0001137305,0.00000655793],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002096321,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008572733,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003757365,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006129388,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993816,0.00003025901,0.0002510147,0.00009534368,0.00005225146,0.0001895385],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994284,0.00003447395,0.0002463998,0.00004880978,0.00008084598,0.0001610513],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002773773,0.0002467353,0.4898954,0.00002173968,0.0004757809,0.00007461044,0.1082725,0.00005540916,0.00001544525,0.2195066,0.09461735,0.08654095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002151296,0.0004588825,0.5856429,0.0001251279,0.000115365,0.0000855152,0.03867478,0.00001196408,0.0000595762,0.2416002,0.1304778,0.0005965588],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9145437,0.002398798,0.00007395032,0.005806464,0.0006441835,0.00008701386,0.00001511334,0.0000122481,0.07641856],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926637,0.006216765,0.0001513431,0.0002514427,0.0003418239,1.807358e-7,0.000001475579,0.00000203887,0.0003712244],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09574749,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.560765,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2467240115","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12200","title":"Contract Choice: Efficiency and Fairness in Revenue‐Sharing Contracts","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Innovation Cluster (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Revenue sharing; Incentive; Revenue; Earnings; Microeconomics; Principal (computer security); Economics; Inequity aversion; Actuarial science; Finance; Inequality; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Alexandros Karakostas","is_ca":false},{"name":"Axel Sonntag","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel John Zizzo","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03408625262071174,"gpt":0.3181251576672605,"spread":0.2840389050465487,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009136397,0.0001091873,0.0003315713,0.0001359603,0.0001654445,0.00007435673,0.0002546413,0.00007194832,0.00004880116],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020459,0.00009129209,0.00006812517,0.0000570822,0.0003683887,0.000645989,0.00005097511,0.000121371,0.000008265247],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005191533,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009711763,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006627136,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003063953,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989275,0.00004849193,0.000500128,0.000167067,0.00004945382,0.0003073376],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990516,0.000201063,0.0004311034,0.00009349282,0.00005087257,0.0001718945],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001029246,0.00009120892,0.9628974,0.000004808679,0.00002826839,0.00002905023,0.006612068,0.00001595818,0.00087038,0.01614095,0.00006692829,0.01314006],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01685179,0.001370172,0.8713637,0.002031007,0.000136208,0.0001965862,0.02146401,0.00009038657,0.004515,0.05566088,0.02450707,0.001813186],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944698,0.0007583335,0.0000121595,0.001174311,0.0005259794,0.0001203322,0.00001323864,0.000004333252,0.002921514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979944,0.001420246,0.00006884809,0.00005359834,0.0002140816,0.000002770305,1.501354e-7,0.00001088538,0.0002350658],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09153368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3722783,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1605927450","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9442.2007.00503.x","title":"Redistributive Taxation under Ethical Behaviour*","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Taxation and Compliance Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; Université du Québec à Montréal; Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Taxpayer; Altruism (biology); Labour supply; Microeconomics; Income tax; Public economics; Macroeconomics; Social psychology; Psychology","authors":[{"name":"Robin Boadway","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicolas Marceau","is_ca":true},{"name":"Steeve Mongrain","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0496582223991877,"gpt":0.2660057020505302,"spread":0.2163474796513425,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001305216,0.0001270217,0.000387412,0.0002332873,0.000128411,0.00005794281,0.0002049743,0.0001642983,0.0002461967],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001869026,0.0001423862,0.0001836612,0.0001345311,0.0001042387,0.0002184649,0.00003251726,0.0004486569,0.0001350461],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003430488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003183229,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002013145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004030301,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984999,0.00001143345,0.001026756,0.000175246,0.00002612756,0.0002605019],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973249,0.00006728919,0.002202428,0.0001454301,0.0001143261,0.0001455601],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001266592,0.0000855786,0.4050303,0.000007563578,0.0001249149,0.00001295429,0.0006086733,0.000271642,0.000008347191,0.5893067,0.002708556,0.001708076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001136505,0.0002385552,0.7593108,0.00003705058,0.0000168567,0.00008585822,0.0008727087,0.00004655654,0.0002193166,0.2239759,0.01377736,0.0002825497],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.927912,0.0008717597,0.04826702,0.00328232,0.001639295,0.000102498,0.0001072095,0.00001325558,0.01780464],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976719,0.0002205581,0.0008436129,0.0005092962,0.0004116051,0.000001136909,0.00000707567,0.00001436496,0.0003204248],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3653308,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5806339,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116488049","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9442.2011.01680.x","title":"Generational Welfare under a Climate‐Change Policy with Induced Innovation*","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Climate change; Economic rent; Welfare; Revenue; Technological change; Political economy of climate change; Climate policy; Natural resource economics; Public economics; Macroeconomics; Market economy; Finance; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Jérémy Laurent‐Lucchetti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew Leach","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2686915034282473,"gpt":0.2665035012146105,"spread":0.002188002213636797,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005910095,0.0002434174,0.0005683913,0.001125307,0.0001956115,0.0000971917,0.0003425402,0.0001497443,0.0008521084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004065712,0.0002582967,0.0001380903,0.0004118415,0.00008193393,0.0009177664,0.00006426192,0.0002483527,0.0001468541],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004126756,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007624993,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000234471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001492066,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979328,0.00001009825,0.00130674,0.0002782825,0.00002306831,0.0004490472],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978058,0.00001948327,0.001599662,0.0002783148,0.000129458,0.0001673003],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000135156,0.00008840301,0.05620608,0.00001724449,0.0001067307,0.000006558242,0.001397816,0.00005917312,0.000004595064,0.9412589,0.00006466926,0.0006546755],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0071226,0.002148933,0.3204621,0.0002061864,0.0000771238,0.001129594,0.002916265,0.001078562,0.0007764471,0.6507533,0.01134514,0.001983779],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9765438,0.000215725,0.0002627308,0.002624194,0.0005884261,0.0001682195,0.0003203191,0.00001379193,0.01926277],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946008,0.0005807039,0.002074518,0.001416184,0.001175325,0.00001649505,0.00002576097,0.00005329321,0.00005696619],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2905056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999869,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2611169487","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12402","title":"Effects of Insurance Incentives on Road Safety: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in China*","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Healthcare Policy and Management","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"HEC Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Moral hazard; Incentive; China; Natural experiment; Empirical evidence; Actuarial science; Economics; Automobile insurance; Hazard; Public economics; Microeconomics; Political science; Law","authors":[{"name":"Georges Dionne","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ying Liu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02115689091863138,"gpt":0.2544214756722646,"spread":0.2332645847536333,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006118615,0.0001658781,0.0006948487,0.00039301,0.00002845737,0.00003066832,0.0003526907,0.00007079918,0.00007780126],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001279177,0.0001776758,0.000168548,0.0001320851,0.0000435099,0.0004492722,0.00006126663,0.0002770604,0.00008148234],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004484341,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004538243,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00150361,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000074936,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982326,0.00004919126,0.001153087,0.0002638247,0.00003320383,0.0002680788],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983378,0.0001652573,0.001126039,0.0002463882,0.00002257978,0.0001019535],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002894651,0.0006700035,0.8299484,0.0005789381,0.0004176137,0.00005529426,0.01023749,0.003678703,0.0004377545,0.1195319,0.0001485466,0.03140077],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002178025,0.0007316548,0.9806776,0.001256492,0.000005365406,0.000003698839,0.0001632005,0.0005947418,0.002322372,0.01043126,0.001378582,0.0002570205],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9893617,0.006661793,0.00004681972,0.0009406593,0.001404049,0.0003064077,0.00004183201,0.000003232433,0.001233475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960006,0.003291757,0.0002534131,0.0002006954,0.0001223185,0.000004933518,0.000001751722,0.00001668192,0.0001078132],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1507292,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7245409,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3184096744","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12454","title":"Globalization, Productivity Performance, and the Transformation of the Production Process*","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Statistics Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Productivity; Globalization; Production (economics); Economics; Industrial organization; International trade; Business; Macroeconomics; Market economy","authors":[{"name":"John R. Baldwin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Beiling Yan","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02576906899035415,"gpt":0.1948241067565281,"spread":0.169055037766174,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009123117,0.0001006535,0.0003532488,0.0000645258,0.0001417209,0.00005610212,0.0002052678,0.00005143474,0.00002428779],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001804932,0.00007481394,0.0001325814,0.0002031692,0.0002010049,0.0006539754,0.00002338952,0.000139668,0.000004316249],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008454163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007558838,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008119409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001684204,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988175,0.00002740786,0.0008441756,0.0001556291,0.00002177215,0.000133536],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985658,0.00002034792,0.001021526,0.0002231898,0.0001281907,0.00004093597],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004023532,0.0001796573,0.4639731,0.0003305703,0.0003067172,7.857984e-7,0.005708758,0.01814408,0.0000238057,0.5058504,0.0005571678,0.004522549],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007731128,0.0003505706,0.477473,0.00049884,0.0002213196,0.001660693,0.004120404,0.009510734,0.0142867,0.4537278,0.0295545,0.0008642988],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9882614,0.0009135173,0.0001058444,0.003995612,0.0009815099,0.00016571,0.00002637863,0.000002591798,0.005547411],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978846,0.001640457,0.00008174546,0.00008329775,0.0001660212,0.000002672457,0.000001887083,0.000008468369,0.0001308511],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05212264,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3050824,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3123213252","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12547","title":"Rising concentration and wage inequality","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Université de Montréal","keywords":"Inequality; Wage inequality; Economics; Wage; Labour economics; Demographic economics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis","authors":[{"name":"Guido Matías Cortés","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jeanne Tschopp","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04203257241287349,"gpt":0.2468052916666927,"spread":0.2047727192538192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002080421,0.000123013,0.0004308543,0.0001398521,0.00009808569,0.0001398522,0.0001610213,0.00008143134,0.00007607324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001753944,0.0001366631,0.0001108776,0.0001992603,0.00006744771,0.0004337137,0.00004877183,0.0001723094,0.00005354846],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001308525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002890035,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003887606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001374137,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984903,0.00003196935,0.00101742,0.0001979996,0.00001985951,0.0002423943],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986191,0.00009236784,0.0009162144,0.0001749754,0.00005311056,0.0001441846],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005701114,0.00003209237,0.4579459,0.00003171024,0.00008550863,0.00002125187,0.0006198639,0.0003251553,0.00002597028,0.5367984,0.0001877224,0.003869506],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001449496,0.0001663864,0.2745652,0.00005652947,0.00001501965,0.00005112885,0.0002771736,0.006585227,0.00006519719,0.7113882,0.00501716,0.0003633366],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943896,0.0004412881,0.0006494968,0.0007975628,0.0007783184,0.00007199887,0.0001389884,0.00001467249,0.002718109],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997616,0.001562829,0.0003338899,0.0001322487,0.0002029374,0.000001092647,0.00001147085,0.00001768198,0.0001218362],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1833807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.557296,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3189792895","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12475","title":"Valuing elementary schools: evidence from public school acquisitions in Beijing*","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Housing Market and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Beijing; Apartment; Government (linguistics); Difference in differences; Local government; Economics; Willingness to pay; Significant difference; Demographic economics; Business; Public economics; China; Econometrics; Geography; Political science; Microeconomics; Public administration; Statistics; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Xuejuan Su","is_ca":true},{"name":"Huayi Yu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05921630665344082,"gpt":0.2361953195366376,"spread":0.1769790128831968,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00248126,0.0002205698,0.0006998755,0.0009335338,0.0003364746,0.0002907066,0.0008402088,0.00007346061,0.005137375],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002898832,0.000306162,0.0002929979,0.0003181066,0.00005179956,0.001556293,0.0002773587,0.0008125587,0.0001835392],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002048709,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002215428,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002756447,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001474649,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971228,0.00008596632,0.001828823,0.0004176871,0.00004315905,0.0005015276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976335,0.000169726,0.0014359,0.0004055243,0.00004036049,0.0003150025],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001364811,0.0001507475,0.9803987,0.000009841359,0.0001367467,0.00003793418,0.0003842916,0.006754577,0.00002309886,0.007037162,0.001978563,0.002951879],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01082895,0.001790608,0.3910224,0.0007336474,0.0001394483,0.0005195886,0.0118482,0.02867448,0.0001013143,0.447822,0.1032376,0.003281768],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9876482,0.002229573,0.0003733945,0.002949063,0.00161501,0.0001597215,0.0002253912,0.00001346373,0.004786139],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943113,0.001845444,0.002619598,0.0005562278,0.000486348,0.00001909773,0.00002542939,0.00004685182,0.00008967759],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5893763,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999939,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1688859996","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12026","title":"Economic Engineering and the Design of Matching Markets: The Contributions of Alvin E. Roth","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Game Theory and Voting Systems","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"","keywords":"Matching (statistics); Economics; Welfare; Key (lock); Human welfare; Industrial organization; Computer science; Market economy; Medicine; Computer security","authors":[{"name":"Matthew O. Jackson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01322268737734195,"gpt":0.1883640514011675,"spread":0.1751413640238256,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003320896,0.0001265884,0.0006096294,0.0001455627,0.00008525965,0.00007109526,0.0003636311,0.00005937509,0.0001306632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001700147,0.00009085129,0.0001772352,0.0000503906,0.000200322,0.0002740823,0.00004496039,0.0001892325,0.00001968016],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000939423,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003246924,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001373738,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002686394,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983887,0.00008368772,0.001217787,0.0001131666,0.00001379447,0.0001828627],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973611,0.0006913968,0.001605507,0.0002323573,0.00004565873,0.00006402106],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002357874,0.00003634947,0.01110553,0.0000737037,0.0005063651,8.111591e-7,0.00189926,0.04858346,0.0001697048,0.9364318,0.0003750019,0.0005821795],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01075001,0.000555906,0.0473056,0.0007307982,0.000181109,0.0005340294,0.003344969,0.1205988,0.002822301,0.8094025,0.00292527,0.0008487231],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9864966,0.002050728,0.008986509,0.0007731267,0.0005460486,0.0003380372,0.00007662803,0.000003523294,0.000728792],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998812,0.0004568232,0.0004747591,0.00003088582,0.000124158,0.000007726959,6.188192e-7,0.00001578837,0.00007726286],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1270293,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3704808,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1585324062","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12083","title":"Optimal Forestry Contracts under Asymmetry of Information","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Auction Theory and Applications","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Private information retrieval; Information asymmetry; Economics; Microeconomics; Incentive; Welfare; Incentive compatibility; Deadweight loss; Continuation; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Francis Didier Tatoutchoup","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04002877740246186,"gpt":0.3111572124970466,"spread":0.2711284350945848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002190362,0.00006837489,0.0002428862,0.0002563863,0.00007457143,0.00009667554,0.0004094344,0.00006068209,0.000172662],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005855619,0.00005446206,0.0001345197,0.0001574781,0.000104578,0.001082045,0.00002693531,0.0001312334,0.00008323257],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003797411,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006531844,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001571305,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001261862,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986464,0.00006292747,0.0009818453,0.00006970607,0.0001349991,0.0001041342],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974465,0.0004729187,0.001465253,0.0002193046,0.0002764334,0.0001196121],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002751914,0.00008759093,0.0156071,0.000006641071,0.00007615079,5.041715e-7,0.0005211188,0.125007,0.0001073732,0.7514636,0.00317262,0.1036751],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001856012,0.0004601213,0.07127508,0.00005127135,0.00004695377,0.0002503145,0.003852821,0.008451778,0.00456042,0.8654894,0.04345464,0.0002512402],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8683724,0.00001665643,0.1243688,0.0004992887,0.0003502707,0.00004390347,0.00001166366,0.000002685123,0.00633437],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996619,0.00001401479,0.002941568,0.0001675557,0.0001362603,6.658938e-7,0.000001496911,0.000003523453,0.0001158637],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1282467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2220898,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070911606","doi":"10.1111/1467-9442.00261","title":"Fewer in Number but Harder to Employ: Incidence and Duration of Unemployment in an Economic Upswing","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Unemployment; Economics; Norwegian; Quarter (Canadian coin); Inflow; Demographic economics; Labour economics; Employability; Duration (music); Immigration; Geography; Economic growth","authors":[{"name":"Erik Hernæs","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03099673585895211,"gpt":0.2656553910728282,"spread":0.2346586552138761,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001623253,0.0001615631,0.0006218886,0.000455502,0.00003513627,0.00008735459,0.0002399948,0.00009564194,0.0001571882],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007797906,0.0001932881,0.00007871821,0.0001499062,0.00004257492,0.0007657162,0.00006136597,0.0001854517,0.00002041237],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005314433,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006176363,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007721233,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002838669,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997699,0.00003913988,0.001684536,0.0002885545,0.00002243372,0.0002663592],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986479,0.00005783568,0.0008548521,0.0002290576,0.00004449769,0.0001658845],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000132903,0.00006929239,0.9666976,0.00001141593,0.00001713704,0.00001621807,0.00071415,0.003747938,0.00001474457,0.02763989,0.000007022341,0.0009316718],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001757095,0.0002731949,0.8818127,0.0001334962,0.000006904478,0.00007624971,0.0003395472,0.004650873,0.000074805,0.109828,0.0006626483,0.0003844827],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977797,0.0001351722,0.0002230427,0.0005393274,0.0003981097,0.0001522389,0.00005740906,0.000002998572,0.000712035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982466,0.000612698,0.0008098414,0.000143941,0.00009539675,0.00000441256,0.000003375634,0.00002386221,0.00005987324],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08488492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7882059,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2532697243","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12367","title":"Understanding the Determination of Severance Pay: Mandates, Bargaining, and Unions*","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Severance; Payment; Economics; Unemployment; Labour economics; Wage; Collective bargaining; Wage bargaining; Matching (statistics); Bargaining power; Job creation; Microeconomics; Finance; Macroeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Stéphane Auray","is_ca":false},{"name":"Samuel Danthine","is_ca":false},{"name":"Markus Poschke","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04935220596286768,"gpt":0.2252279327553476,"spread":0.1758757267924799,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001512323,0.000111323,0.0003923305,0.0001626458,0.00007345155,0.00007159832,0.0002255126,0.00006485049,0.0001015766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006337159,0.00008774998,0.000101344,0.0001043383,0.00008315263,0.0003418788,0.00004620977,0.0001851128,0.000007037508],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000180654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003374902,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002312062,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001510399,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988238,0.00003029134,0.0008082879,0.0001544296,0.00002259455,0.0001606419],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998339,0.0001393602,0.001198649,0.0002098069,0.00004844907,0.00006474204],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004810502,0.00001925202,0.312894,0.00002354695,0.00004696644,0.000001830107,0.0003941256,0.0001968625,0.000007000751,0.6852376,0.00001628745,0.001114356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001269578,0.000217367,0.05419205,0.00009575722,0.00001645224,0.00006199494,0.0005088387,0.009629839,0.00003292497,0.9320739,0.001680299,0.0002210321],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9817852,0.0005469231,0.01027317,0.0005287297,0.0006063461,0.0001190888,0.00009841815,0.000002933572,0.006039192],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979748,0.0009952466,0.0006394848,0.0001063887,0.00006539306,7.399238e-7,0.000003117772,0.00001495628,0.0001999023],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.258702,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.357834,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2159232252","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9442.2009.01564.x","title":"Income Disparity, Inequity Aversion and the Design of the Healthcare System","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Global Health Care Issues","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Health care; Welfare; Public health insurance; Social insurance; Inequity aversion; Economics; Social welfare function; Inequality; Public economics; Social Welfare; Public healthcare; Healthcare system; Health insurance; Business; Actuarial science; Economic growth; Political science","authors":[{"name":"John Leach","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04904457140551827,"gpt":0.3567983057308308,"spread":0.3077537343253125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003033906,0.000129854,0.0005371572,0.00007421421,0.0006146132,0.00001308552,0.0004438957,0.0001438412,0.00001151572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001827659,0.00007167758,0.0001162451,0.0001213059,0.0001665447,0.0001489579,0.0001294394,0.0006624784,0.000009283227],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006217767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003936519,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002656347,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009617682,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972332,0.001127885,0.001074022,0.0001164305,0.0001173994,0.0003311164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971991,0.0005640373,0.001471694,0.00031274,0.000253185,0.0001992093],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004773014,0.0001013453,0.7558054,0.002137415,0.0001406059,0.00001888903,0.01304367,0.001461299,0.000022863,0.2102279,0.006335224,0.005932386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009893392,0.001308852,0.9209146,0.007492144,0.0001876027,0.0002985839,0.01542105,0.002588053,0.00007062698,0.03952457,0.001958239,0.0003423142],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9825302,0.001743088,0.0002184208,0.01230841,0.001703433,0.0008279248,0.00002614916,0.000009073326,0.0006333464],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979742,0.000687409,0.0003089294,0.0007076318,0.0002598205,0.00000224504,4.856024e-7,0.00000882412,0.0000504772],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1707033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.472717,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2099638644","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9442.2005.00407.x","title":"Explaining the Transition between Exchange Rate Regimes*","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Openness to experience; Exchange rate; Economics; Inflation (cosmology); Markov chain; Currency; Econometrics; Parameterized complexity; Transition (genetics); Currency crisis; Devaluation; Nonlinear system; Exchange-rate regime; Monetary economics; Mathematics; Statistics; Physics; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Paul R. Masson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Francisco J. Ruge‐Murcia","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04089334799602266,"gpt":0.2322070650780887,"spread":0.191313717082066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001276545,0.0001512133,0.0004681999,0.0001851071,0.0001803458,0.0001179936,0.0003519898,0.00008784393,0.0002029788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004486168,0.0001355155,0.0002580949,0.0001250726,0.0000735418,0.0004916924,0.00002464968,0.0002340507,0.0001904186],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001743973,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002550702,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004922522,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000244182,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985781,0.00003010378,0.0009251488,0.0001537225,0.00001828206,0.000294691],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986814,0.00007050586,0.0008811816,0.0002061849,0.00004262388,0.0001181313],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002316603,0.000142915,0.0576462,0.00006299721,0.0004788146,0.00001926739,0.02201919,0.005755762,0.00001623192,0.8217485,0.04507039,0.04680808],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001728934,0.0004287762,0.06040762,0.0001014671,0.00005670963,0.0001054566,0.001174805,0.0005600976,0.0003033434,0.07446606,0.8601159,0.0005507749],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.970531,0.003240202,0.0008612526,0.008259421,0.0006398511,0.000100315,0.0001410497,0.000008075465,0.01621879],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952275,0.001262943,0.0003488502,0.0008602644,0.00191176,0.000002458911,0.000004858045,0.00002019325,0.0003611915],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8150455,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5526163,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3009969957","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12410","title":"Progressive Taxation and Economic Stability*","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"St. Francis Xavier University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Volatility (finance); Welfare; Macroeconomics; Productivity; Empirical evidence; Monetary economics; Econometrics; Market economy","authors":[{"name":"Diana Alessandrini","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05383880882653203,"gpt":0.2188321869052366,"spread":0.1649933780787046,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004549717,0.0001798473,0.0006088698,0.0001511735,0.0000804403,0.000124964,0.0002603222,0.0001018245,0.000312723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001592063,0.0002078878,0.0001687191,0.0000535199,0.0001377331,0.0007019852,0.00006285303,0.000222173,0.0001847369],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002120268,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004945132,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001657189,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004476848,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982447,0.00001736286,0.001157243,0.0003059475,0.00001078076,0.0002639623],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997421,0.0000521931,0.002000235,0.000154176,0.00002262641,0.0003497755],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003447001,0.00007624557,0.4132529,0.0001136539,0.0002960689,0.00002198637,0.003847185,0.0003434276,0.00002592921,0.5765958,0.002380508,0.002701618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004758855,0.001658008,0.09230778,0.00007568837,0.00005560845,0.0003728035,0.001092903,0.01511416,0.001126609,0.8625335,0.01975663,0.001147471],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9788225,0.001316231,0.0002037064,0.004550032,0.0004509898,0.0001429113,0.0001446745,0.00001092958,0.01435804],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997849,0.0001073657,0.0006561443,0.000606562,0.0007326326,0.0000032084,0.000004195209,0.00002674014,0.00001414437],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3209451,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8477417,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3122784043","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9442.2009.01579.x","title":"The Layoff Rat Race","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Economic theories and models","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Layoff; Labour economics; Bargaining power; Human capital; Economics; Distribution (mathematics); Order (exchange); Profit (economics); Investment (military); Microeconomics; Market economy; Unemployment; Finance; Economic growth","authors":[{"name":"Dan Bernhardt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Steeve Mongrain","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02150034156138422,"gpt":0.2051220316401958,"spread":0.1836216900788116,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001276704,0.0001680878,0.000503994,0.0001360225,0.0002596083,0.0002299055,0.000586929,0.00008474198,0.0001370579],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008367887,0.0001476324,0.0002938669,0.00007414253,0.000098649,0.0004708111,0.0000312014,0.0002559841,0.0001700976],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000208468,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004551408,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008469992,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000120982,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982263,0.00001623058,0.001185794,0.0001994605,0.00001360532,0.0003585722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980769,0.0001017123,0.001239329,0.0003596525,0.0000474576,0.0001749375],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009709935,0.00003275282,0.002802816,0.000002209938,0.00006162239,0.000005552746,0.0002645986,0.0009965034,0.000005922257,0.9829375,0.00410531,0.008688159],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001028947,0.0003537609,0.002411475,0.00002036867,0.00001082252,0.0001341975,0.000247529,0.0007404479,0.0001286227,0.7521418,0.2425098,0.0002722911],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9266527,0.008046609,0.00168319,0.0088785,0.003763093,0.0001765326,0.00004842959,0.0000158518,0.05073505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926698,0.003004159,0.0005307765,0.0005154636,0.000551704,0.000001267509,0.000001513344,0.00001974212,0.002705571],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2384045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6020274,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068245594","doi":"10.1111/1467-9442.00199","title":"Health Insurance, Liquidity and Growth","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Global Health Care Issues","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Institution; Context (archaeology); Market liquidity; Endogenous growth theory; Monetary economics; Public economics; Economic growth","authors":[{"name":"Benoı̂t Carmichael","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yazid Dissou","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03905730404918357,"gpt":0.3729010797621801,"spread":0.3338437757129965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001130584,0.0001422912,0.0005483464,0.0001160764,0.0004463799,0.0000138106,0.0001862826,0.0001225941,0.0006055805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006451611,0.0001310581,0.00007374544,0.00009112219,0.00008138322,0.0002960781,0.00002921438,0.000593028,0.0001928649],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000443558,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005102507,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000330648,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001850517,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979056,0.0002963622,0.001069706,0.0001573358,0.00006792352,0.0005030648],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982517,0.0001709926,0.0007139904,0.0001583727,0.0001656689,0.0005392419],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007631956,0.00008507891,0.9029762,0.0004777416,0.00006286638,0.00002571308,0.004204771,0.00006762252,0.000002246932,0.004391703,0.05062397,0.03631886],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00265428,0.001172421,0.9108263,0.001076481,0.00001230903,0.000217737,0.0009508144,0.00004826744,0.000009889362,0.01223487,0.07051425,0.0002823524],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9854386,0.001688179,0.000007846276,0.005496956,0.001016401,0.0002374889,0.00005866464,0.0000148716,0.006041027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9858945,0.009432215,0.0006820132,0.002703558,0.0006670339,0.000002852801,0.000002679646,0.00002041276,0.000594756],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03603651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6630682,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396972173","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12566","title":"Optimal taxation of normal and excess returns to risky assets","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Excess return; Monetary economics; Business; Financial economics; Environmental science; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Robin Boadway","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kevin Spiritus","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02775233894055397,"gpt":0.2364824193617525,"spread":0.2087300804211985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008096464,0.0001540442,0.0005275353,0.0005481545,0.00005068847,0.000142727,0.0002324336,0.0001056067,0.0001090864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001009332,0.0001722824,0.0001698345,0.0001354274,0.00007143069,0.0006769884,0.00005945963,0.0002207893,0.00007399997],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001492822,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004203819,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003945474,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000175485,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983624,0.00001211774,0.00111864,0.0002418263,0.00001652298,0.0002485351],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986436,0.00006865472,0.0008803414,0.0001605361,0.00003071852,0.0002161753],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004174342,0.0001481883,0.2849856,0.0004686579,0.0006827862,0.00004655248,0.005923002,0.005369409,0.0001299013,0.6862543,0.007507443,0.008066733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003118156,0.002417625,0.3568261,0.0007989059,0.0001342978,0.0008520938,0.0009997378,0.02179977,0.003125412,0.5720017,0.03633012,0.001596095],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9847595,0.001383888,0.0008440419,0.001092605,0.001001036,0.00009307956,0.0002153374,0.000007752649,0.01060273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972662,0.000215198,0.001778608,0.0001027717,0.0004479154,0.000002318772,0.000004014631,0.00002615764,0.000156766],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1142526,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7025473,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2123724114","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9442.2012.01705.x","title":"Should the Good and the Selfish be Taxed Differently?*","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Externality; Welfare; Microeconomics; Social Welfare; Social preferences; Public economics; Market economy; Law","authors":[{"name":"Ngo Van Long","is_ca":true},{"name":"Frank Stähler","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06463202253114243,"gpt":0.225748745754401,"spread":0.1611167232232586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001985064,0.000205341,0.0006137423,0.0001360044,0.0002622676,0.0001812963,0.0005130341,0.000110548,0.000131227],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012587,0.0001354975,0.0002831548,0.00007973781,0.0003703317,0.0005745437,0.0001038459,0.0004187244,0.0000591818],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001253937,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000180468,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003904885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001544513,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982839,0.0000501612,0.001021867,0.0001681954,0.00002060186,0.0004553019],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980923,0.0002751199,0.001059241,0.0003283766,0.00001982687,0.0002251169],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001230441,0.00005362712,0.1639717,0.00001092701,0.0002040647,6.573909e-7,0.00178024,0.00001496677,7.806299e-7,0.8297963,0.003391163,0.0006525933],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005803922,0.00018339,0.2209011,0.00003488554,0.00009836148,0.0004006014,0.001174144,0.001122556,0.00006473529,0.67291,0.09675567,0.0005506018],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9282118,0.003822193,0.0001176384,0.01685296,0.001591451,0.0002050041,0.00009940929,0.00000753532,0.04909201],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957011,0.0005248117,0.00009207047,0.002159434,0.001151227,0.000006863526,0.000002009137,0.00002819533,0.0003342442],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1568862,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5525428,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2300223883","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12156","title":"Optimal Redistribution with Endogenous Social Norms","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University; Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Redistribution (election); Economics; Norm (philosophy); Microeconomics; Incentive; Pareto principle; Public economics; Labour economics; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Robin W. Boadway","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicolas‐Guillaume Martineau","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07975395422846936,"gpt":0.2195470119576831,"spread":0.1397930577292138,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007927765,0.0001919063,0.0006086499,0.0002371276,0.0001250902,0.0001103393,0.0003329533,0.0001256358,0.00004847979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005709583,0.0001930142,0.0001879936,0.0001164466,0.0001361115,0.0006169043,0.00003982475,0.0002662734,0.0001599969],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005673883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001103682,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000250583,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006888968,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983794,0.00001401676,0.0009697604,0.0002260938,0.00002404451,0.0003866707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982595,0.00002120843,0.001163122,0.0001651712,0.00007794499,0.0003130084],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001557933,0.0003706842,0.10337,0.00004907514,0.0006564083,0.0001211083,0.004651033,0.003036481,0.00001887755,0.8720434,0.0123467,0.001778295],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01429484,0.004147519,0.02604339,0.00009229602,0.000117184,0.003668656,0.002794785,0.003358466,0.0010576,0.8863285,0.05620494,0.001891865],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9139152,0.0004001541,0.001494757,0.001064274,0.0007458306,0.0001019223,0.000235264,0.00001291264,0.08202974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997771,0.0000185132,0.0008526706,0.0001527201,0.001069839,0.000002812635,0.00001685382,0.00002999147,0.00008562235],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08385583,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7870889,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2526438876","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12230","title":"Trading Goods or Human Capital: The Gains and Losses from Economic Integration","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Complementarity (molecular biology); International economics; Shock (circulatory); Economic integration; Tariff; Free trade; Trade barrier; Human capital; Bilateral trade; International trade; Monetary economics; Market economy","authors":[{"name":"Michał Burzyński","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1315195744997638,"gpt":0.277136981332762,"spread":0.1456174068329982,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006846783,0.000241089,0.0006541027,0.0001554036,0.0006988283,0.0009247442,0.0008523844,0.0001316561,0.0003498381],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008988281,0.0002049987,0.0002225639,0.0000197402,0.0002782766,0.001242702,0.0000926759,0.0002979916,0.00008278997],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000338784,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005177517,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007553298,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00121253,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981813,0.00001677233,0.001157035,0.000322533,0.00001439008,0.0003079291],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970609,0.00009134461,0.002068639,0.0005724535,0.00001797763,0.0001886741],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002138889,0.00009534314,0.4271418,0.00002139478,0.0005822211,0.00003088556,0.002639494,0.0003858249,0.00004550569,0.5596342,0.002112921,0.007096474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003386439,0.0006418531,0.3279218,0.0001625782,0.0000975271,0.000271008,0.00232473,0.004908064,0.0004981042,0.6432476,0.01564285,0.000897439],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9866969,0.0008777889,0.000130219,0.001605281,0.001402569,0.0001257933,0.0002658415,0.000007592099,0.00888801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996743,0.001568058,0.000426834,0.0001797836,0.00078254,0.000003298627,0.000008949111,0.00003397326,0.0002536167],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09922002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.891733,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410521564","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12592","title":"Estimating the gains from trade in frictional local labor markets","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University; Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Brock University; McMaster University; Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung; York University; University of Bern","keywords":"Economics; Labour economics","authors":[{"name":"Germán Pupato","is_ca":true},{"name":"Benjamin Sand","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jeanne Tschopp","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03873356477581639,"gpt":0.2290610541900785,"spread":0.1903274894142621,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007819499,0.0001751188,0.0005259039,0.0003136151,0.0001179834,0.0001244345,0.000504588,0.0001213423,0.0002083748],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008721068,0.0001741954,0.0002133845,0.0002173257,0.00008766341,0.0003697325,0.00004976632,0.0003900767,0.00005724174],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005063319,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009061574,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001493326,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001321065,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980774,0.00002628819,0.001318278,0.0002538578,0.00001684847,0.0003073362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987536,0.0001715014,0.0007201589,0.0002430899,0.00001678735,0.00009486121],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000213446,0.0001871691,0.6032,0.00002386809,0.0003484422,0.00002573626,0.0006796783,0.04766708,0.000003636977,0.3344354,0.00385683,0.009358728],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002057049,0.0000715464,0.5601249,0.0001489505,0.00002399164,0.00003837794,0.0006276772,0.06130763,0.00003667304,0.3531712,0.02207348,0.0003184447],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9731736,0.002113846,0.004672885,0.00553096,0.002445485,0.000114802,0.0002535958,0.000007109991,0.01168769],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959705,0.0003213107,0.002210833,0.001017462,0.0003138638,0.000004032129,0.000007709868,0.00001575807,0.0001384846],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04307501,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7103484,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3124648942","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12478","title":"Premature deaths, accidental bequests, and fairness*","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Fonds de Recherche du Québec-Société et Culture; Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Accidental; Economics; Subsidy; Welfare; Optimal tax; Labour economics; Microeconomics; Market economy","authors":[{"name":"Marc Fleurbaey","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marie‐Louise Leroux","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pierre Pestieau","is_ca":false},{"name":"Grégory Ponthière","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stéphane Zuber","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009485679405808784,"gpt":0.1947268399567513,"spread":0.1852411605509425,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005576683,0.0001629938,0.0003431312,0.0004045368,0.000353827,0.0002789339,0.0003280862,0.00003901208,0.0007812442],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004518573,0.0001635816,0.0001680909,0.0002258165,0.00004172898,0.001333466,0.0003009001,0.0002843703,0.0000191017],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001490718,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003657824,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008698701,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007369502,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989259,0.00001742931,0.0005243305,0.0001866249,0.0001316903,0.0002139773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988791,0.00002172156,0.0008096359,0.0001539895,0.000106143,0.0000293937],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001452109,0.00005734109,0.9792487,0.00003837579,0.00003632138,0.00006439694,0.000113943,0.0004185567,0.00004563165,0.0143148,0.00402702,0.001489679],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003378428,0.0002548996,0.7908742,0.0002172453,0.0006928397,0.0006776985,0.002056634,0.004466891,0.00009391901,0.05219698,0.1440066,0.001083687],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970159,0.0005992206,0.000007248552,0.0003092969,0.0006800237,0.0000980906,0.000007274153,0.00001171815,0.001271212],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978148,0.00007856418,0.0002079085,0.0006116841,0.0009667559,0.000003499717,0.00002083457,0.00002543334,0.0002705582],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1883746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8554077,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2461149786","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12199","title":"Optimal Income Taxation and Job Choice","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Margin (machine learning); Labour economics; Minimax; Microeconomics; Job creation; Optimal tax; Income tax; Public economics; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Robin Boadway","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zhen Song","is_ca":false},{"name":"JEAN-FRANÇOIS TREMBLAY","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02790391075723616,"gpt":0.2168990056173146,"spread":0.1889950948600785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005993138,0.0001562439,0.000475624,0.0003243781,0.00008167263,0.00007979391,0.0002435819,0.0001063007,0.0001545019],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001833459,0.0001382638,0.0001406593,0.0000615243,0.0001226778,0.0008285663,0.00005488708,0.0001289122,0.0001542115],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002159685,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002406701,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000260989,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001274874,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984936,0.00001305913,0.0009759341,0.0002269386,0.00001199694,0.0002785478],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979283,0.0001144624,0.001530558,0.0001839871,0.00002793432,0.0002147772],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007780149,0.00002967634,0.759731,0.00002017051,0.0001152801,0.000004267481,0.0002125265,0.00005994537,0.0000286395,0.2352793,0.0007274376,0.003713928],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002846724,0.0003814739,0.6388955,0.0001047852,0.00001638495,0.0001883479,0.00006523148,0.000413287,0.0001832212,0.3427841,0.01368142,0.0004395364],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9835216,0.0005302163,0.0007893013,0.001765161,0.0006126371,0.00006343274,0.00008388761,0.000007602127,0.01262611],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977127,0.0002713813,0.0008424064,0.0001804993,0.0006018953,0.000002034696,8.152037e-7,0.00002407014,0.0003641919],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1208355,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5638235,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2282573504","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12400","title":"Demand and Supply Effects and Returns to College Education: Evidence from a Natural Experiment with Engineers in Denmark*","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Higher Education Research Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Natural experiment; Natural (archaeology); Economics; Supply and demand; Labour economics; Natural resource economics; Microeconomics; Geography; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Hans‐Peter Y. Qvist","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anders Holm","is_ca":true},{"name":"Martin D. Munk","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009612922962636357,"gpt":0.3031859455427455,"spread":0.2935730225801091,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004428207,0.00007972947,0.0001970781,0.0001525164,0.00008645515,0.0000828091,0.0001244929,0.00002938565,0.00005315948],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001522644,0.00006825163,0.00001744811,0.0001237668,0.00009552614,0.0003483901,0.00002908625,0.0001283159,0.000004870258],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003032223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004443609,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003770801,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001404127,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993343,0.00008836805,0.0001779987,0.0001358957,0.00009017962,0.0001732692],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991152,0.0004077578,0.00009830533,0.00007370515,0.00008337432,0.0002216305],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001890302,0.00004276742,0.937853,0.00003363548,0.00006022967,0.000007595265,0.05815604,0.00004664713,0.0001597813,0.001099147,0.00145413,0.0008979675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001025684,0.0004819595,0.9416859,0.001190444,0.0000212933,0.00001967975,0.05137763,0.00003471618,0.0004619021,0.0006659363,0.002794354,0.0002404964],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9904273,0.004471316,0.000001990518,0.004008892,0.0004769083,0.0003096352,0.000003293639,0.000001615267,0.000299006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968747,0.001037389,0.001296181,0.0001010841,0.0001541217,0.00001124115,2.971678e-7,0.000005668804,0.0005193451],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006778409,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2783221,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2302119693","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9442.2006.00446.x","title":"Social Insurance and Redistribution with Moral Hazard and Adverse Selection*","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Moral hazard; Adverse selection; Morale hazard; Group insurance; Actuarial science; Key person insurance; Social insurance; Auto insurance risk selection; Redistribution (election); Casualty insurance; Equity (law); Business; Economics; General insurance; Insurance policy; Public economics; Income protection insurance; Microeconomics; Incentive; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Robin Boadway","is_ca":true},{"name":"Manuel Leite–Monteiro","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maurice Marchand","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pierre Pestieau","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01510312347468275,"gpt":0.2125784874499615,"spread":0.1974753639752787,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002965953,0.000250848,0.0004994005,0.000325951,0.0002153178,0.0002802653,0.000131295,0.0001525971,0.0000143354],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001684351,0.0002405303,0.0001196424,0.0001478863,0.0001296457,0.0007950611,0.0001315272,0.0003781927,0.000002227039],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001534969,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005993176,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001632069,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036491,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989141,0.00001080093,0.0005445531,0.0002396933,0.00009410704,0.000196763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985035,0.000009943222,0.001090979,0.00008603834,0.000286487,0.00002303255],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001521146,0.00002174548,0.9930875,0.0001521384,0.00004923977,0.00001178722,0.00002774655,0.0007852237,0.000004493961,0.002915406,0.001827514,0.0009650309],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00100814,0.00003969069,0.9740297,0.0002672743,0.0003246614,0.0000395236,0.00003608643,0.004497577,0.00001182551,0.01754372,0.001815287,0.0003865276],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981121,0.0002048764,0.00007404984,0.0001821131,0.0002967467,0.0001211198,0.000035368,0.00001515918,0.0009585021],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997447,0.0001052128,0.0004029022,0.00007876547,0.001814384,0.000002612517,0.00007681149,0.00002502433,0.00004725512],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01905787,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.980854,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399785662","doi":"10.1111/sjoe.12570","title":"How the other half works: Claudia Goldin's contributions to our understanding of women's labour market outcomes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scandinavian Journal of Economics","topic":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Sociology; Labour economics; Gender studies","authors":[{"name":"Heather Sarsons","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03396683622329744,"gpt":0.254866441376424,"spread":0.2208996051531266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003302246,0.0002445363,0.0008127719,0.0004546988,0.0001371379,0.0006655323,0.0005449415,0.0001346705,0.000221811],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004473778,0.0002007338,0.0004138941,0.0004101612,0.00007147292,0.0005647503,0.00008687681,0.0003899462,0.00002295175],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002123517,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001256151,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001062692,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001244433,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99794,0.00006464951,0.001122445,0.0002913904,0.00004977083,0.0005317575],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981171,0.0002744963,0.0008331581,0.0003868311,0.000110947,0.0002774749],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000822775,0.00004978046,0.03753326,0.00004781147,0.0005640628,0.00001294749,0.0006609128,0.0002256701,0.000003760028,0.9593651,0.0008349614,0.0006194804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001344534,0.0003160878,0.02168795,0.0003851384,0.00006528117,0.00005081248,0.006215078,0.001471366,0.00002265991,0.8803506,0.08750434,0.0005861858],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9286987,0.001845131,0.01465371,0.04708117,0.003196904,0.0002975963,0.001743422,0.00002045696,0.002462882],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965078,0.0005425418,0.0002817883,0.000438872,0.000355759,0.000008550782,0.000002628788,0.00004562422,0.001816473],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08666938,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8185688,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}