{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":6,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":6,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"16f488fb289f","filters":{"venue":"School Effectiveness and School Improvement"}},"results":[{"id":"W2131756214","doi":"10.1080/09243450600565829","title":"Transformational school leadership for large-scale reform: Effects on students, teachers, and their classroom practices","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"School Effectiveness and School Improvement","topic":"Education Systems and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":997,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Numeracy; Transformational leadership; Mathematics education; Literacy; Psychology; Scale (ratio); Government (linguistics); Academic achievement; Pedagogy; Social psychology","authors":[{"name":"Kenneth Leithwood","is_ca":true},{"name":"Doris Jantzi","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03218245191045559,"gpt":0.3494744331971491,"spread":0.3172919812866935,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003535206,0.0003050211,0.0003560673,0.0001579816,0.001108778,0.0005810181,0.0002274958,0.0002174666,0.00006825694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005210063,0.0002388402,0.0001095598,0.0001897788,0.00008219593,0.000847907,0.00003766571,0.0003649486,0.00003189402],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006163478,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003696879,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002869018,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009510235,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974297,0.0006075141,0.0003740246,0.0004916276,0.0004904588,0.0006066818],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981368,0.0006626609,0.0003351006,0.0002213642,0.000163003,0.0004811209],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00144964,0.002240455,0.8029745,0.003685068,0.0007574743,0.000003843432,0.0322284,0.00002180062,0.03500124,0.04040058,0.01111755,0.0701194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006840867,0.001403446,0.7846584,0.0006218134,0.0001120135,0.000003101166,0.08171426,0.00003735325,0.005906943,0.003719828,0.1141419,0.0008400765],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9879962,0.0009663247,0.001106153,0.00294386,0.000616108,0.003332702,0.00006267588,0.00008615171,0.002889817],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945703,0.0001188363,0.0001632435,0.0007137521,0.001736274,0.001330471,0.00002991095,0.00002864143,0.001308638],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1030243,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9739622,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2090318604","doi":"10.1080/09243450903569718","title":"Learning about networked learning communities","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"School Effectiveness and School Improvement","topic":"Innovative Education and Learning Practices","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":245,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Networked learning; Function (biology); Lever; Key (lock); Knowledge management; Mathematics education; Action (physics); Professional learning community; Collaborative learning; Cooperative learning; Educational technology; Psychology; Computer science; Pedagogy; Sociology; Teaching method; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Steven T. Katz","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lorna Earl","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02447103630993774,"gpt":0.3544539063340484,"spread":0.3299828700241107,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005136331,0.0002098752,0.0002440345,0.0001471204,0.00293704,0.0006315365,0.0002421576,0.0001649765,0.002152539],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003298564,0.0002027071,0.00005968351,0.0003676382,0.00033971,0.0006520084,0.0001084948,0.002404669,0.0001587708],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001116349,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000372251,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004063092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007123877,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969141,0.001695272,0.0002531867,0.0002791187,0.0003724719,0.0004858842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977402,0.001123812,0.0002472712,0.0001939495,0.0003669358,0.000327852],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001955718,0.0001941925,0.7655282,0.0001235994,0.0001525624,0.000003698729,0.01557244,0.0004590647,0.02002729,0.01665718,0.0004844195,0.1806018],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001007954,0.000476637,0.6094136,0.0001297157,0.00003673629,0.000001976194,0.06081985,0.0003159444,0.0004842806,0.0008398311,0.3259795,0.0004940283],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9718113,0.0001212049,0.0003275432,0.0006614978,0.001297431,0.0005094266,6.258593e-7,0.0001884044,0.02508258],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993893,0.0002074306,0.0002787178,0.0002686676,0.000755168,0.0001720583,0.000008100444,0.00002639337,0.004390525],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3254951,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998968,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046941516","doi":"10.1076/sesi.11.4.453.3561","title":"School-Based Management: Reconceptualizing to Improve Learning Outcomes","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"School Effectiveness and School Improvement","topic":"Education Systems and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":179,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"World Bank Group","keywords":"Mathematics education; Psychology; Pedagogy; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Michael Fullan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nancy Watson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01589292210827145,"gpt":0.3314530564273778,"spread":0.3155601343191063,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002392299,0.0003319629,0.0004298307,0.0002422133,0.001188139,0.000549218,0.0003149959,0.0001476053,0.00422292],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005113248,0.0003110141,0.0001447612,0.0004882522,0.0001020438,0.0004535535,0.00006858563,0.0003840594,0.001308753],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005332899,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003353364,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00367101,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001351798,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996811,0.0007354543,0.0004571837,0.0007146739,0.0005367301,0.0007449935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979078,0.0002558281,0.0001333457,0.0003880938,0.0001428644,0.001172041],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002216302,0.0002627426,0.5013365,0.0003591357,0.0003087476,0.00001159066,0.003791486,0.0004416524,0.003587379,0.006908865,0.001677253,0.481093],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003459129,0.000634612,0.7116104,0.0005919224,0.000100475,8.477971e-7,0.01557231,0.0000509608,0.00114828,0.001141625,0.264564,0.001125483],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9593779,0.0002699676,0.0004148859,0.001483788,0.0007772526,0.002292172,0.00001164906,0.0002152505,0.03515709],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9816673,0.0001446984,0.0004540675,0.001908912,0.0005254962,0.0009360886,0.000005970769,0.00004108667,0.0143164],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4799675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999342,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073009919","doi":"10.1080/09243450600743533","title":"The development and testing of a school improvement model","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"School Effectiveness and School Improvement","topic":"Parental Involvement in Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Student achievement; Accountability; Government (linguistics); Commission; Test (biology); Mathematics education; Psychology; Doors; Variation (astronomy); Academic achievement; Medical education; Pedagogy; Political science; Engineering; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Kenneth Leithwood","is_ca":true},{"name":"Doris Jantzi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Charryn McElheron-Hopkins","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03528847750538321,"gpt":0.3139941858443107,"spread":0.2787057083389275,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002890311,0.000277871,0.0002779818,0.0001056527,0.001509162,0.0003172983,0.0002693653,0.0001056858,0.00002711749],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007086156,0.0002215947,0.00005287946,0.0002994117,0.0002986014,0.0004132071,0.0002116278,0.0002465513,0.00001411536],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006818603,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009125232,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00378818,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001282703,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974571,0.0002174872,0.0006030783,0.0005047712,0.0006398755,0.0005776432],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983189,0.0004049,0.0003092477,0.0002900671,0.0002986452,0.0003783031],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002698879,0.001103244,0.356928,0.0006377758,0.0002673287,0.000002597606,0.002149974,0.0005666017,0.4149751,0.01695948,0.0009410824,0.2051989],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002535367,0.0006765203,0.8306698,0.0005011851,0.0001165454,0.000001138636,0.008283155,0.00284079,0.1232541,0.02682836,0.003379838,0.0009131576],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922721,0.0007886507,0.001246446,0.0002150821,0.0003108859,0.001654619,0.000009433121,0.00006041958,0.003442313],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995814,0.0001131355,0.00238182,0.00008599788,0.0001919023,0.0006938397,0.000008262885,0.00002291963,0.0006880903],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4737418,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997907,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2160774504","doi":"10.1080/09243450600909183","title":"School experiences influence personal health and interpersonal relationships of adolescents: The Canadian case","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"School Effectiveness and School Improvement","topic":"Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Learned helplessness; Mental health; Feeling; Interpersonal relationship; Interpersonal communication; Developmental psychology; Self-esteem; Perception; Multilevel model; Clinical psychology; Social psychology; Psychiatry","authors":[{"name":"Xin Ma","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01856735673681047,"gpt":0.2976764479959178,"spread":0.2791090912591073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00184032,0.000238659,0.0002590824,0.000168846,0.001062488,0.0001016915,0.0001317982,0.0001146685,0.0002420294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002047728,0.0001763323,0.00006856739,0.0002272245,0.0002501389,0.000179313,0.00006187848,0.0005618731,0.00003177962],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003341994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006149394,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02841626,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01822357,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980487,0.0002693516,0.0004316042,0.0004577764,0.0002924869,0.0005001111],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983113,0.0001294674,0.0001610212,0.0001626016,0.0001267693,0.001108823],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004118952,0.000188615,0.9587054,0.0002775905,0.0001306911,0.00008563493,0.01239628,0.000001001044,0.0003667373,0.001696774,0.0006839295,0.0250555],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001037638,0.0002870384,0.9682214,0.0005321914,0.00001240816,0.0001707978,0.02854313,0.000006697647,0.00004321302,0.0003327867,0.0006064657,0.000206236],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951289,0.001930852,0.0001429591,0.0009431216,0.0005480755,0.0007987611,0.00002922874,0.00001845899,0.0004596357],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976229,0.00005785028,0.0000398616,0.001864155,0.0001740049,0.00009152352,0.000007671911,0.00001351944,0.0001284856],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02484926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996913,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1548591681","doi":"10.1080/09243450600743590","title":"A case of Intention Deficit Disorder? ICT policy, disadvantaged schools, and leaders","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"School Effectiveness and School Improvement","topic":"Teacher Education and Leadership Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Disadvantaged; Disadvantage; Information and Communications Technology; Workforce; Government (linguistics); Action plan; Public relations; Action (physics); Literacy; Political science; Sociology; Economic growth; Pedagogy; Management; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Pat Thomson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Helen Nixon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Barbara Comber","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03586106775305437,"gpt":0.3578187350680487,"spread":0.3219576673149943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001140097,0.0002131979,0.0003013539,0.000200333,0.0005606267,0.0001329348,0.00009437637,0.0001026205,0.00004877721],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006407216,0.0001962553,0.00007924662,0.0003186392,0.0004147295,0.0003491805,0.00006664634,0.0002884916,0.00001045973],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002522351,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002350189,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0301296,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003809934,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998217,0.0004561188,0.0003079673,0.0003907697,0.0002415959,0.0003865434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991282,0.0001671004,0.0001452873,0.0001719377,0.0001365197,0.0002509933],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001873788,0.0005483482,0.9032865,0.0005516868,0.0001653462,0.00003228666,0.009896375,0.00001265369,0.007863222,0.01469796,0.0003121231,0.0624461],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002024383,0.0003375082,0.6987056,0.0001615777,0.000092954,0.00002460598,0.2909291,0.00001846176,0.0004909207,0.005822001,0.0009820045,0.0004109204],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909399,0.001362526,0.0008642121,0.004940297,0.0001868953,0.0009081828,0.00001752292,0.00006362461,0.0007168216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988364,0.0002156418,0.000121949,0.00009437172,0.0001992419,0.0001689489,0.00000647561,0.0000172223,0.0003397336],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2810327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9763288,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}