{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":4,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":4,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"ce10534c7591","filters":{"venue":"Soil & Environmental Health"}},"results":[{"id":"W4391256801","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2024.100062","title":"Modelling phytoremediation: Concepts, methods, challenges and perspectives","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil & Environmental Health","topic":"Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"Government of Alberta","keywords":"Phytoremediation; Biogeochemical cycle; Environmental science; Mineralization (soil science); Ecology; Soil water; Soil science; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Junye Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mojtaba Aghajani Delavar","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04546569927479083,"gpt":0.316014713366741,"spread":0.2705490140919502,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005193622,0.0001738183,0.0001673678,0.00003219743,0.0001379832,0.00003182849,0.00009081927,0.0000710176,0.001208249],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004707718,0.0001558161,0.00004785361,0.00006703881,0.0002759516,0.000219874,0.0001088353,0.0001625647,0.0005058042],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004128238,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001825233,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008955829,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002948712,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985554,0.0001508713,0.0002282492,0.0005181806,0.0002406432,0.000306606],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995359,0.00005798781,0.00005624394,0.0001469839,8.724601e-7,0.0002020442],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003043549,0.0002552268,0.002273667,0.0001732546,0.00004946348,0.00001284137,0.05162244,0.001614391,0.02990239,0.001533227,0.002897043,0.9096356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002421532,0.001286791,0.1228542,0.0003902006,0.00009893787,0.000165405,0.04969737,0.2004604,0.0203453,0.006232795,0.5930831,0.002963916],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8009529,0.168376,0.006565136,0.01290291,0.001112764,0.0009373393,0.0001339051,0.0003739188,0.008645155],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9490429,0.04378261,0.006283819,0.0003571753,0.0001270986,0.000006670331,0.00001908848,0.00002163119,0.0003589721],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9066717,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997048,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4381332281","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2023.100023","title":"Effects of burn severity on organic nitrogen and carbon chemistry in high-elevation forest soils","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil & Environmental Health","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"State of Florida; High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Rocky Mountain Research Station; Division of Chemistry; National Institute of Food and Agriculture; National High Magnetic Field Laboratory; Division of Materials Research; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Forest Service; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Soil water; Environmental chemistry; Organic matter; Nitrogen; Soil carbon; Soil organic matter; Environmental science; Total organic carbon; Mineralization (soil science); Chemistry; Soil science","authors":[{"name":"Holly K. Roth","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amy M. McKenna","is_ca":false},{"name":"Myrna J. Simpson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Huan Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nivetha Srikanthan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Timothy S. Fegel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amelia R. Nelson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Charles C. Rhoades","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael J. Wilkins","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thomas Borch","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00342086039377771,"gpt":0.1974494786764361,"spread":0.1940286182826584,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004642855,0.0002024238,0.0002963757,0.00004536627,0.00007693341,0.00000734474,0.0001339947,0.00010743,0.0000780159],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002673367,0.0002098259,0.00003287823,0.0002607906,0.0001365041,0.00008721666,0.0001713845,0.0001878421,0.0001671571],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000833555,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001605782,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003884869,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007060885,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982697,0.0001343827,0.000334163,0.0004329222,0.0003941366,0.000434679],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992779,0.000142355,0.0001696447,0.000250898,6.20663e-7,0.0001585263],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004271668,0.0002480193,0.887841,0.0005193562,0.000009653533,0.00002003902,0.0005273689,0.0004193871,0.1031136,0.000004186447,0.00008328763,0.007171362],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008415641,0.0002275349,0.9556009,0.00008862912,0.00000557586,0.000005985471,0.00007222479,0.005244218,0.03743772,0.0002480966,0.0000446195,0.0001828887],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988544,0.0000897206,0.000002394077,0.0001513487,0.00008762147,0.0005643664,0.00001639234,0.00005004636,0.0001837408],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994212,0.0001964806,0.00001543632,0.000115445,0.0000310609,0.00004718419,0.00004481016,0.0000333255,0.0000950479],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06775993,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8556452,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362663432","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2023.100015","title":"Biochar seeding properties affect struvite crystallization for soil application","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil & Environmental Health","topic":"Phosphorus and nutrient management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Alberta","keywords":"Biochar; Seeding; Struvite; Crystallization; Environmental science; Soil science; Materials science; Agronomy; Chemical engineering; Pyrolysis; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Nageshwari Krishnamoorthy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher Nzediegwu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xiaohui Mao","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hongbo Zeng","is_ca":true},{"name":"P. Balasubramanian","is_ca":false},{"name":"Scott X. Chang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01798755254801967,"gpt":0.2445972358582457,"spread":0.226609683310226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005006701,0.0001942336,0.0001718849,0.00005815366,0.0004626275,0.00003229622,0.0001888297,0.00005557631,0.0002752265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005692132,0.0001840833,0.00007491085,0.0002571962,0.00011876,0.0001749244,0.0002390727,0.00007399214,0.001047959],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005316439,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000970854,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003334236,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001209572,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982579,0.00003973778,0.0002863756,0.0005041249,0.000380503,0.0005313223],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994064,0.00002014954,0.0001495328,0.0002637017,0.000001197828,0.0001589964],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003826895,0.00111463,0.1350692,0.0008342371,0.00009169299,0.000005293891,0.004862168,0.03489838,0.4712017,0.0008405076,0.06170322,0.2889962],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004046432,0.001623858,0.3700506,0.0002168869,0.00008170974,0.000008527873,0.003911443,0.1389655,0.1119882,0.002475511,0.3647082,0.001923022],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9914042,0.0002142155,0.004452094,0.001336235,0.0001611407,0.001660529,0.00006207336,0.0002035761,0.0005059114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961264,0.0008709283,0.0001761388,0.0005495321,0.0000691719,0.000419742,0.0002756661,0.00003980639,0.001472686],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3592135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997298,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409040558","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2025.100148","title":"Role of permafrost thaw transitions in biogeochemical nitrogen cycling","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil & Environmental Health","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Innovation Cluster (Canada); The Scarborough Hospital","funders":"State of Florida; Division of Biological Infrastructure; Division of Chemistry; Division of Materials Research; Biological and Environmental Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation; Vetenskapsrådet; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Office of Environmental Management; Polarforskningssekretariatet","keywords":"Biogeochemical cycle; Permafrost; Cycling; Nitrogen; Environmental science; Nitrogen cycle; Earth science; Physical geography; Environmental chemistry; Ecology; Geography; Geology; Chemistry; Forestry; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Merritt Logan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Monique Patzner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jacob P. VanderRoest","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bridget B. McGivern","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nivetha Srikanthan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Myrna J. Simpson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Amy M. McKenna","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kelly Wrighton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Casey Bryce","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andreas Kappler","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thomas Borch","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0121082049597132,"gpt":0.238760637650379,"spread":0.2266524326906658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001476474,0.0001010173,0.0001820475,0.00008773225,0.00009452598,0.000007156896,0.00009905089,0.00005886831,0.002475589],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001691447,0.00009935214,0.00006000451,0.0001292893,0.0001066851,0.00006943776,0.00001130338,0.0001277522,0.00007386463],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001959913,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003952435,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006207139,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02117724,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990766,0.0000500316,0.0002680105,0.0001919968,0.0001232312,0.0002901392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996994,0.0000396049,0.00004382015,0.0001241639,0.000001262273,0.00009175602],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002889168,0.00006573924,0.984331,0.00003336512,0.000004639278,0.000001647034,0.0008416366,0.0000769391,0.008167309,0.00001648787,0.00006562733,0.00636676],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004623145,0.00009238641,0.9857081,0.00007961483,0.000008183517,0.000006592688,0.004823798,0.001705855,0.003989507,0.001797899,0.00118792,0.0001378828],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9802411,0.002750518,0.000001863582,0.0006761551,0.0000591509,0.00017037,0.01342598,0.000009585542,0.002665225],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927099,0.0007068835,0.00003540042,0.0006515553,0.00002932155,0.000003128246,0.005844391,0.000002768258,0.00001663908],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0149701,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984363,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}