{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":52,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":52,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"61a60e4a5e7d","filters":{"venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal"}},"results":[{"id":"W2908974085","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2018.1562420","title":"Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA): Environmental Sources, Chemistry, Toxicology, and Potential Risks","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Perfluorooctanoic acid; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Environmental toxicology; Environmental science; Toxicity; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Christopher M. Teaf","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michele M. Garber","is_ca":false},{"name":"Douglas J. Covert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bruce J. Tuovila","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01015506021882379,"gpt":0.2583815746331996,"spread":0.2482265144143758,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003497129,0.0001518379,0.0001244132,0.00005343294,0.0001967674,0.000204072,0.000279344,0.00009449596,0.009501877],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001118496,0.0001387529,0.0000458879,0.00003433523,0.0002118885,0.0006164617,0.0001807778,0.0002803332,0.0001059909],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002462244,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001784934,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005129375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002287667,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984419,0.00007968266,0.0002369003,0.0002998954,0.0006951539,0.0002465156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995071,0.00002095885,0.000118401,0.0001004911,0.00001831967,0.0002346933],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001770033,0.0002388828,0.3946234,0.000005783001,0.00008114908,0.00004979457,0.001128697,0.0001481283,0.2870948,0.00005368105,0.0003262659,0.3160724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004071007,0.0005470998,0.9031407,0.00003021219,0.00003442216,0.00103515,0.001861693,0.01325239,0.03285635,0.0003976142,0.04226158,0.0005117776],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994711,0.0006975129,0.0001276965,0.0006441498,0.0003846072,0.0001095853,0.0000252358,0.00001383656,0.003286376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954484,0.001037982,0.00009375827,0.0002897428,0.0002159257,0.000007142842,0.00004742475,0.00001085624,0.002848777],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5085173,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9914036,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1768084763","doi":"10.1080/20025891107140","title":"Comparison, Validation, and Use of Models for Predicting Indoor Air Quality from Soil and Groundwater Contamination","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Urban Stormwater Management Solutions","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Golder Associates (Canada); University of British Columbia","funders":"Ministry of Environment","keywords":"Environmental science; Advection; Attenuation; Soil science; Groundwater; Air quality index; Contamination; Hydrology (agriculture); Permeability (electromagnetism); Environmental engineering; Meteorology; Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Ian Hers","is_ca":true},{"name":"Reidar Zapf‐Gilje","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dyfed Lloyd Evans","is_ca":false},{"name":"Loretta Y. Li","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05969405740933736,"gpt":0.2881679845507167,"spread":0.2284739271413794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005229981,0.000138837,0.0001756686,0.0001199655,0.0002374565,0.0002009233,0.0001279859,0.00006241973,0.0001913867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006675235,0.0001323352,0.00003540087,0.00004660508,0.0001520146,0.002187645,0.0001193258,0.0001089493,0.000002522228],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001555101,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000472027,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006246592,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002739397,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984375,0.0001187743,0.0005339987,0.0002706899,0.0004921874,0.0001468615],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991286,0.0001507135,0.0003718251,0.00009084474,0.0001469351,0.0001110283],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000985699,0.000439084,0.9541808,0.00001507301,0.0001879428,0.000001845177,0.007336213,0.002387608,0.001910176,0.002848198,0.001070593,0.02952387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002259746,0.0002088942,0.6870621,0.00003586279,0.00007292521,0.00001345404,0.0007688279,0.3039119,0.001212944,0.002556413,0.00169156,0.0002053922],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9516063,0.00004503817,0.04667741,0.000843364,0.0002677037,0.0002233454,0.00004600844,0.00001971164,0.0002711634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974721,0.0001098423,0.001346569,0.0002467923,0.0001008731,0.00002143888,0.00009779049,0.00001058757,0.0005939829],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3015243,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5396472,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1564732284","doi":"10.1080/20015891109428","title":"Biodegradation of Diesel Fuel in Soil Under Various Nitrogen Addition Regimes","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Nitrogen; Nitrate; Urea; Bioremediation; Ammonium sulfate; Diesel fuel; Biodegradation; Ammonium; Ammonium nitrate; Nutrient; Potassium sulfate; Potassium nitrate; Sulfate; Contamination; Potassium; Ecology; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Timothy R. Brook","is_ca":true},{"name":"Warren Stiver","is_ca":true},{"name":"Richard G. Zytner","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0113547974516421,"gpt":0.2374938004703017,"spread":0.2261390030186596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003703666,0.0001029229,0.0001039468,0.000154207,0.00006067037,0.0000673666,0.0001591043,0.00006529268,0.001602998],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003212182,0.00009241209,0.00003732233,0.0001202972,0.0000837009,0.0006382148,0.0000460106,0.0001140139,0.00003091588],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002170426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002325823,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002507443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007492222,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998809,0.00007989605,0.000350193,0.0001676005,0.0004647104,0.0001286252],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999505,0.00002682858,0.000236664,0.00006473122,0.00008289396,0.00008381862],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004725034,0.001149861,0.7527805,0.00001124614,0.0001287486,0.00006148495,0.003508714,0.001000911,0.09341301,0.00280492,0.002351374,0.1423167],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003786156,0.0003208493,0.958571,0.00007071185,0.00002728856,0.0002291514,0.001331276,0.007066364,0.01262775,0.007460038,0.00814556,0.0003638272],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945751,0.00003395921,0.0006498242,0.001269336,0.0003689999,0.00008157279,0.00001979028,0.00001128687,0.002990097],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981546,0.0006395565,0.0001687235,0.0004148138,0.0000929716,0.000002486057,0.0001081211,0.000005813276,0.0004129109],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2057905,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993097,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008709671","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2013.726294","title":"Evaluation of Sediment Toxicity in Kaohsiung Harbor, Taiwan","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Council Canada; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","keywords":"Sediment; Environmental science; Pollution; Environmental chemistry; Contamination; Effluent; Sewage; Nutrient; Environmental engineering; Geology; Chemistry; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Chiu‐Wen Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cheng‐Di Dong","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chiu Wen Chen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01611878186347492,"gpt":0.2746054185107873,"spread":0.2584866366473124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001882618,0.0001142254,0.0001181702,0.0001438151,0.00005808789,0.00008980981,0.0002319267,0.00005458673,0.006360041],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001512224,0.000102701,0.00003314476,0.00009655174,0.00008066034,0.001114449,0.0000736799,0.0001496474,0.0000505241],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008107041,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006489867,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002217081,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001925082,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974581,0.0002149162,0.0004005443,0.0001807484,0.001572871,0.0001728123],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994228,0.00002390922,0.0002339802,0.00009899973,0.00007730333,0.0001430368],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003486899,0.000530243,0.08782753,0.000001795538,0.00008871351,0.000007857344,0.002575465,0.0005873868,0.09207103,0.000276135,0.0002776498,0.8157213],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001857695,0.0001475496,0.9466811,0.00002590177,0.00002678061,0.00003508406,0.0004641603,0.03775717,0.01107956,0.001620214,0.0001756741,0.0001291113],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942797,0.00003550105,0.0002516276,0.001548041,0.0004621645,0.0002033607,0.00000905691,0.000009443124,0.003201137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992323,0.0000320026,0.0002049042,0.0003078586,0.00008961318,0.000009184682,0.000002601456,0.000008125827,0.000113408],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8588536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9945483,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1583901257","doi":"10.1080/15320380601071241","title":"Effect of Rhamnolipids on Chromium-Contaminated Kaolinite","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Chromium effects and bioremediation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chromium; Hexavalent chromium; Chemistry; Kaolinite; Sorption; Extraction (chemistry); Contamination; Hydroxide; Nuclear chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Mineralogy; Organic chemistry; Adsorption","authors":[{"name":"Hafez Massara","is_ca":true},{"name":"Catherine N. Mulligan","is_ca":true},{"name":"John Hadjinicolaou","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003280251560768568,"gpt":0.2358689437771596,"spread":0.232588692216391,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007465982,0.0001422128,0.0001499739,0.0001275841,0.00009681312,0.00007935337,0.000177518,0.00006905218,0.0005402032],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004527631,0.0001094989,0.0000624716,0.00007721803,0.00008220418,0.0003925122,0.00004576807,0.0001393059,0.00003364224],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002176052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001086039,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001941232,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006862162,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985659,0.0001613929,0.0003207241,0.0001898413,0.0006208834,0.000141248],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994146,0.0001207703,0.0002431967,0.0000822063,0.00005794208,0.00008130494],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001292047,0.001025331,0.3525124,0.00003519545,0.0001563334,0.00008769786,0.0009066325,0.002483311,0.1939754,0.002964773,0.002266255,0.4422947],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00621611,0.00367944,0.8179317,0.00008371199,0.00006167172,0.0001072406,0.00005822742,0.01650578,0.1508643,0.0003968106,0.00376602,0.0003290214],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941497,0.00001188745,0.0001922487,0.0002626138,0.0007747783,0.0001333518,0.000008742634,0.00001829127,0.00444833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988528,0.0000342132,0.00003860343,0.0001624775,0.0004454429,0.000006441912,0.00006286384,0.000009221079,0.0003879628],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4654193,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5914847,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2133685639","doi":"10.1080/15320380500506255","title":"Baseline Levels of Metals in Volcanic Soils of the Azores (Portugal)","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; Canadian Immunization Research Network","keywords":"Soil water; Volcano; Silt; Trace metal; Environmental chemistry; Geology; Volcanism; Organic matter; Volcanic ash; Environmental science; Horizon; Granulometry; Geochemistry; Earth science; Soil science; Metal; Chemistry; Geomorphology; Tectonics; Sediment","authors":[{"name":"André F.S. Amaral","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. Virgílio Cruz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Regina Tristão da Cunha","is_ca":false},{"name":"Armindo Rodrigues","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01278591684153462,"gpt":0.2494908570040757,"spread":0.2367049401625411,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001194051,0.00009417325,0.0001407923,0.00008292672,0.00004324041,0.00001812431,0.0002877597,0.00004029103,0.001142793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008394219,0.00006874718,0.0000628661,0.00008226215,0.0001749506,0.0003176653,0.0001066371,0.0001201187,0.000004679931],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001727324,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000217984,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003777931,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006203171,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998262,0.0001692643,0.0005496959,0.0001416171,0.0007612571,0.0001161386],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993929,0.00006738478,0.0003405003,0.0001169996,0.0000354241,0.00004676864],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008518664,0.001168697,0.7496024,0.00001338332,0.0001060785,0.00002304498,0.001257536,0.02285126,0.1020511,0.004143966,0.0004331654,0.1182643],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007299366,0.00005817387,0.964879,0.00003133536,0.00001489483,0.00002789627,0.0001386871,0.00487733,0.02682405,0.001391154,0.0009487621,0.0000788314],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960999,0.00005736233,0.001035864,0.000635197,0.0003352503,0.00009397545,0.0000184509,0.000002871387,0.001721162],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988806,0.00005612101,0.0003035083,0.0001516106,0.0000713636,0.000003966387,0.000004673016,0.000006126562,0.0005220246],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2152766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997703,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2020527802","doi":"10.1080/10588330490269903","title":"Diffusion of TCE Through Soil-Bentonite Slurry Walls","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Landfill Environmental Impact Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bentonite; Slurry; Diffusion; Geotechnical engineering; Materials science; Environmental science; Geology; Environmental engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics","authors":[{"name":"M. Król","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. Kerry Rowe","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01032206904469293,"gpt":0.2545065801508383,"spread":0.2441845111061454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002157084,0.0001412275,0.0001350493,0.00005495172,0.0001982047,0.00006563605,0.0002222209,0.00004836671,0.0008321237],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002459835,0.0001143438,0.00005776773,0.00005512331,0.0001854448,0.0009868518,0.0001953661,0.0001349149,0.00004251631],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003750878,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001233162,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003689281,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007313698,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985519,0.0000417244,0.0003192469,0.0001872902,0.0007316659,0.0001681786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995134,0.00002440826,0.0002245918,0.00009237248,0.0000326873,0.0001125416],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005421168,0.003373164,0.567596,0.00002635675,0.0006053686,0.0001904627,0.0439938,0.01373921,0.2538151,0.005018833,0.001045628,0.1100539],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006384559,0.0008079821,0.9224923,0.0001227977,0.00006691615,0.0003445923,0.00174214,0.001246729,0.05227234,0.009053399,0.00499089,0.0004753142],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9886698,0.00005010168,0.001271082,0.001249622,0.0004687755,0.00008771495,0.00001097251,0.00001358542,0.008178378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976957,0.0005620753,0.0004849909,0.0006642283,0.0001090892,0.000004385094,0.00001898023,0.00001016201,0.0004503658],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3548964,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9111171,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2152733191","doi":"10.1080/15320380600646332","title":"Bioremediation of Diesel Fuel Contaminated Soil: Comparison of Individual Compounds to Complex Mixtures","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Bioremediation; Biodegradation; Degradation (telecommunications); Hydrocarbon; Environmental chemistry; Soil contamination; Chemistry; Contamination; Microbial biodegradation; Biostimulation; Diesel fuel; Population; Total petroleum hydrocarbon; Soil water; Microorganism; Environmental science; Bacteria; Organic chemistry; Biology; Ecology; Soil science","authors":[{"name":"Richard G. Zytner","is_ca":true},{"name":"A. C. Salb","is_ca":true},{"name":"Warren Stiver","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01841812748690876,"gpt":0.2760655084148639,"spread":0.2576473809279551,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004909682,0.0001468897,0.0002305089,0.0002007955,0.00008374796,0.00008060344,0.000330389,0.00007861195,0.0005608801],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004666638,0.0001316366,0.00005760196,0.0001500111,0.0001625805,0.0003341487,0.0001091379,0.0001180301,0.00001235341],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001277726,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002325296,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003064186,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005950067,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979436,0.0001005124,0.0006785999,0.0001933158,0.0009254047,0.0001586153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998989,0.00005388316,0.0005217427,0.00008376371,0.0002313301,0.0001202684],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001849613,0.0007445087,0.4091915,0.00001245816,0.00008155701,0.000003608157,0.00277129,0.0005573194,0.5625057,0.0006033158,0.005935395,0.01740832],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001596942,0.0003493457,0.910963,0.00002761863,0.00002888143,0.00001362711,0.0005665984,0.002391941,0.0811519,0.0002329075,0.002501309,0.0001759315],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964964,0.00002801419,0.0005607151,0.0006759122,0.0004745367,0.0001502339,0.0001179346,0.00001422389,0.001482063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998669,0.00002791573,0.000462472,0.0002966325,0.0001308473,0.00000221424,0.0002817185,0.000008096812,0.0001211324],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5017715,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6141243,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2153134928","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2013.750268","title":"Metal Speciation and Contamination in Dredged Harbor Sediments from Kaohsiung Harbor, Taiwan","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Contamination; Environmental chemistry; Sediment; Genetic algorithm; Environmental science; Enrichment factor; Organic matter; Metal; Extraction (chemistry); Carbonate; Heavy metals; Metallurgy; Chemistry; Geology; Ecology; Materials science; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Chiu‐Wen Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cheng‐Di Dong","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008944885967435796,"gpt":0.2332110577251926,"spread":0.2242661717577568,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007353156,0.0002169527,0.0002049984,0.0001547725,0.0001532706,0.0002470131,0.0002286147,0.0001051787,0.003691381],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009179045,0.0002102299,0.00004321791,0.00008501095,0.0001395432,0.00201112,0.0001496504,0.0002751254,0.0001407225],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006659628,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001784292,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006132949,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001819796,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976254,0.0002268699,0.0005532099,0.0004047503,0.0009322219,0.0002575797],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992166,0.00006958808,0.0002860377,0.0001322579,0.00005767959,0.0002379067],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001071252,0.0008797294,0.6717986,0.000006173938,0.0002220797,0.0000636249,0.00432806,0.0003541671,0.07847657,0.001672221,0.0005787192,0.2415129],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002094893,0.0001291093,0.9772266,0.00002881768,0.00002609883,0.00001571639,0.0004819219,0.01292309,0.003242421,0.000778891,0.002816708,0.0002356975],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939789,0.00008576976,0.001295771,0.002033166,0.0007792441,0.0003168249,0.00001391293,0.00002043751,0.00147602],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997142,0.0002317913,0.001179193,0.0007149552,0.0002586288,0.00004459476,0.00005459696,0.0000187014,0.0003555953],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3054281,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9972194,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069753871","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2011.560981","title":"Isolation and Characterization of Biosurfactant-and Bioemulsifier-Producing Bacteria from Petroleum Contaminated Sites in Western Canada","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Isolation (microbiology); Bacteria; Contamination; Petroleum; Microbiology; Chemistry; Food science; Biology; Ecology; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Hui Yu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Guohe Huang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01308308365164881,"gpt":0.2068493885959975,"spread":0.1937663049443487,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000277722,0.0001196099,0.0001385716,0.00009490385,0.0000604095,0.00006519656,0.00009886355,0.00005780702,0.0004820838],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002618305,0.0001102369,0.00001234098,0.0000561465,0.00007377767,0.000610994,0.00006159581,0.00009785104,0.000001872823],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001320417,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003080211,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03735333,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09708889,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989306,0.00008641737,0.0003725621,0.0002241961,0.0002714722,0.0001146968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999477,0.00002346487,0.0002785313,0.0000588158,0.00006292217,0.00009927543],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005505875,0.000035595,0.5589728,0.000001908266,0.00001365388,0.000004697916,0.001409376,7.704406e-7,0.434431,0.000009291943,0.000004379712,0.005061498],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008564658,0.00007880849,0.9612783,0.00003019616,0.00001006505,0.00001580548,0.0002730462,0.001573678,0.03559799,0.0000290875,0.0001383199,0.000118275],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989877,0.00001477799,0.000122273,0.000294639,0.0003330357,0.00008206295,0.00006546971,0.000006185721,0.00009382793],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999151,0.000202867,0.0001781097,0.0002064871,0.00004506417,0.000001102818,0.0001323811,0.000006502225,0.00007646624],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4023054,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.969057,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1871710219","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2010.499924","title":"Hydrogen Peroxide Persistence in the Presence of Aquifer Materials","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Advanced oxidation water treatment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program; University of Arizona","keywords":"Hydrogen peroxide; Aquifer; Decomposition; Groundwater; Dissolution; Chemistry; Organic matter; Groundwater remediation; Environmental chemistry; Mineralogy; Chemical engineering; Contamination; Geology; Environmental remediation; Organic chemistry; Geotechnical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Xiuyuan Xu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Neil R. Thomson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01182429550659184,"gpt":0.2511579206543879,"spread":0.239333625147796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005067118,0.00007808119,0.00007207188,0.00005566447,0.00007050395,0.00006642906,0.0003196907,0.00003049533,0.0009372312],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004618827,0.00005393765,0.00002269906,0.00004727436,0.0001177624,0.0005980914,0.00005754736,0.0001167716,0.00001523603],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006389541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001021073,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008834893,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001764659,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989563,0.00008379165,0.0002427768,0.0001354291,0.000481679,0.00009999201],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996235,0.00004463508,0.0001419251,0.00009984211,0.00004212153,0.00004799351],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001063256,0.0005008343,0.1777787,0.000003825831,0.0000448536,0.00005058463,0.01111139,0.0006785817,0.7795228,0.002447396,0.0000932223,0.02766147],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001447727,0.0001914864,0.7830492,0.00002498561,0.00001778073,0.0003218946,0.002062688,0.001033963,0.2071497,0.002162896,0.002363272,0.0001743506],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973906,0.000005668212,0.000198809,0.001110651,0.0003085453,0.00009595324,0.000005981783,0.000004438295,0.0008793458],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988603,0.00003202036,0.0005508346,0.0002509971,0.00006819093,0.00001109563,0.00001159705,0.000003964582,0.0002109887],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6052706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999976,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1967833003","doi":"10.1080/15320380902978847","title":"Using Earthworms to Assess Hg Distribution and Bioavailability in Gold Mining Soils","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Mercury impact and mitigation studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mercury (programming language); Environmental chemistry; Tailings; Soil water; Earthworm; Bioavailability; Environmental science; Bioaccumulation; Organic matter; Methylmercury; Chemistry; Ecology; Soil science; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Jennifer Hinton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marcello M. Veiga","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04580037214510362,"gpt":0.3242856262870072,"spread":0.2784852541419036,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000566347,0.00009627907,0.0001018262,0.00007603614,0.0001136568,0.0001528904,0.00008498881,0.00003554201,0.0001345298],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008293315,0.00008538661,0.00001939607,0.00009349879,0.00005676331,0.0007098853,0.00004883356,0.00009555568,0.000005974181],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002261504,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001320598,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007096188,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001228552,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990134,0.00006123548,0.000254405,0.0001724338,0.0003530915,0.0001454171],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996265,0.00002936278,0.00009085253,0.00004934779,0.00005423018,0.0001496756],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009049051,0.0002037333,0.735147,0.000002759229,0.00002558649,0.0000195776,0.003817058,0.0005730617,0.01495813,0.0007965858,0.0004502196,0.2439158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006372198,0.0001420131,0.9905158,0.00003272883,0.000006973073,0.00005700501,0.0008498669,0.005104655,0.001014043,0.0005367555,0.0009780329,0.0001249587],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955499,0.00002134467,0.001906894,0.00136031,0.0002173354,0.0000847617,0.00001015765,0.000009083104,0.0008402516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985175,0.00005996137,0.0005754351,0.000621527,0.00007912762,0.000001723951,0.00001656278,0.000002776914,0.0001253898],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2553688,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3481965,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116283133","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2011.571311","title":"The Effect of Temperature and Aeration Rate on Bioremediation of Diesel-contaminated Soil in Solid-phase Bench-scale Bioreactors","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Bioremediation; Volatilisation; Biodegradation; Bioreactor; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Soil water; Soil contamination; Environmental engineering; Contamination; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Soil science; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"David Sanscartier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ken Reimer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Barbara A. Zeeb","is_ca":true},{"name":"Iris Koch","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007321328840478774,"gpt":0.2583330014067384,"spread":0.2510116725662597,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009835205,0.0001327847,0.0001511305,0.0001330154,0.0001054128,0.00005300972,0.0001498831,0.00008477347,0.0001263665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001035547,0.00008808708,0.00003576407,0.0001084977,0.0001760583,0.0003883684,0.00004104053,0.0001513169,0.000003312692],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009578599,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001463319,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001209975,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006287189,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986967,0.0002152774,0.0004310501,0.0001700986,0.0003629657,0.0001238624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992969,0.000105445,0.0003527027,0.00007690593,0.00008908892,0.0000789651],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001223305,0.0003892343,0.3160672,0.00001195497,0.0000638306,0.000007595111,0.00512473,0.00004462792,0.6165165,0.0001636018,0.0001556569,0.06023175],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002835813,0.00119172,0.5430932,0.00004060919,0.00001616821,0.000007374052,0.0003688076,0.001334748,0.4508577,0.00005865793,0.0000888568,0.0001063062],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986963,0.00002086879,0.00001819306,0.0002727821,0.0004220986,0.0001741729,0.00001859002,0.000005945461,0.000370999],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994101,0.0003213642,0.00001961732,0.00008837396,0.00004895817,0.000004261393,0.00003861358,0.000005949095,0.00006274496],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.227026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3592087,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1524632115","doi":"10.1080/15320380701490226","title":"Toxicological Approach for Assessing the Heavy Metal Binding Capacity of Soils","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Soil water; Environmental chemistry; Leachate; Bioavailability; Metal; Metal toxicity; Chemistry; Heavy metals; Environmental science; Soil science; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Nan Feng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Roi Dagan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gabriel Bitton","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04109161733831858,"gpt":0.3111454613081711,"spread":0.2700538439698525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003029031,0.0001091486,0.0001281272,0.00006486944,0.0002422727,0.00009743903,0.0002803063,0.0000647546,0.000228558],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001201093,0.00007486314,0.00007700294,0.00005537387,0.0002495185,0.0005352171,0.00009019326,0.0001792609,0.000003550924],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000277852,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000114706,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001929645,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001044299,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984449,0.0001123792,0.0003925121,0.0001870069,0.0006649702,0.0001982876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993473,0.0001691586,0.000247762,0.00008651205,0.00003822937,0.0001110194],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003527736,0.002779474,0.2446295,0.00002607528,0.000489919,0.00002775287,0.005905814,0.006952175,0.2597618,0.01043486,0.000485183,0.4681548],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002620782,0.0006212036,0.8642661,0.00003075559,0.000103164,0.0003691529,0.003859548,0.0462706,0.07330002,0.001786467,0.006347972,0.0004242649],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.886774,0.00001250518,0.1098625,0.0003454732,0.0003896436,0.0001591766,0.000005650909,0.000007400531,0.002443626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913248,0.00002240295,0.007979624,0.0002973707,0.0001844464,0.00001044973,0.00001203746,0.000007203523,0.0001616384],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6196366,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.305283,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2151698190","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2012.714420","title":"Kinetic Extractions of Nickel and Lead from Some Contaminated Calcareous Soils","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Lethbridge","keywords":"Calcareous; Soil water; Chemistry; Nickel; Metal; Environmental chemistry; Extraction (chemistry); Leaching (pedology); Malic acid; Soil contamination; Contamination; Reaction rate constant; Kinetics; Nuclear chemistry; Geology; Citric acid; Chromatography; Soil science","authors":[{"name":"Mohsen Jalali","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. Sajadi Tabar","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01547146439829932,"gpt":0.2658760365277038,"spread":0.2504045721294044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004529472,0.000140232,0.0001552366,0.00008578696,0.0001162833,0.00005587931,0.000166726,0.00007428796,0.001087775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006029206,0.0001295236,0.00004199743,0.00003919554,0.000210703,0.00109228,0.0001080708,0.0001904728,0.00004203379],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001048672,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004050685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004340087,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985068,0.0001260452,0.0003787023,0.0001863636,0.0005936851,0.000208449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993091,0.00009641333,0.0002247344,0.0001081568,0.00003356058,0.0002280445],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001446229,0.001432772,0.4225503,0.00000944481,0.0003233226,0.0000379348,0.006288718,0.0005253156,0.141007,0.002568843,0.0005760411,0.4245357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001446209,0.0002250407,0.9728217,0.00003318569,0.00006639567,0.0001690951,0.0009076389,0.003608496,0.01338696,0.0006861799,0.006416438,0.0002327041],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960156,0.0002868971,0.001250542,0.0004400495,0.0008253084,0.00009507278,0.00002469964,0.00001218018,0.001049617],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977901,0.0004881701,0.0006287394,0.0002861029,0.000248526,0.00000836548,0.00002970742,0.00001182216,0.0005084599],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5502713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998254,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1584256846","doi":"10.1080/15320380500506289","title":"Partitioning of Lead in Urban Street Dust Based on the Particle Size Distribution and Chemical Environments","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Victoria","keywords":"Environmental science; Lead (geology); Aerosol; Environmental chemistry; Road dust; Environmental engineering; Population; Contamination; Gasoline; Particle size; Particulates; Chemistry; Geography; Waste management; Meteorology; Geology; Environmental health; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Kamal A. Momani","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008768066105129937,"gpt":0.2253466360128593,"spread":0.2165785699077293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005210937,0.00008710838,0.00007810785,0.00001248871,0.00007667621,0.00004166772,0.000109637,0.00003733223,0.0003158833],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006719589,0.00006882509,0.00002307699,0.00003921214,0.0001865725,0.0002260798,0.00004662584,0.0001251652,0.000006751355],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000233664,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005566063,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009028117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004418189,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988334,0.0001087785,0.00027555,0.000154247,0.0005034512,0.000124634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996204,0.0001221718,0.0001238001,0.00007650508,0.000006566776,0.00005059936],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007635842,0.0006157907,0.9467931,0.000001972598,0.00001388253,0.00001186514,0.0002211293,0.002967864,0.03667007,0.001629889,0.0002591198,0.01073897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009265451,0.00009820702,0.9260609,0.00002445042,0.00000828634,0.000006474517,0.0001467862,0.03684831,0.03460009,0.0003755919,0.0008169726,0.00008739316],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974496,0.00000974497,0.0007372823,0.001245464,0.00007665862,0.00008143463,0.00001291818,0.000003507585,0.0003833795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994663,0.00002234496,0.00009494028,0.0002329951,0.00005773739,0.00001088786,0.00002574335,0.000004811428,0.0000842625],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03388045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3458701,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402344807","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2024.2400124","title":"Explore of High Arsenic Levels in Agricultural Soils: Observations from Hashtroud County, Northwest of Iran","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","keywords":"Arsenic; Soil water; Agriculture; Environmental science; Geography; Geology; Earth science; Geochemistry; Archaeology; Soil science; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Sepideh Nemati","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amir Mohammadi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Behnam Babazadeh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Behnam Asgari Lajayer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Javad Babaie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Leila Nikniaz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mohammad Mosaferi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.044910236077155,"gpt":0.2695997520833943,"spread":0.2246895160062393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004010663,0.0001243091,0.0001645597,0.0001107611,0.00004623136,0.00006516668,0.000239752,0.00005772019,0.0007651256],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003353508,0.0001028904,0.00006075435,0.0001183876,0.0001396438,0.0008298266,0.00008573032,0.0001762917,0.00001295512],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003091876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002287439,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009919157,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001055633,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983045,0.00008717246,0.0005363438,0.0002140858,0.0007315392,0.0001263552],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995256,0.00009050147,0.0001711136,0.00009405726,0.00003761215,0.00008112715],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008803707,0.00110713,0.7598747,0.00002878438,0.000372628,0.0001001499,0.01336438,0.01111289,0.1084972,0.006329562,0.0003940846,0.09873045],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005956326,0.00008804642,0.9886256,0.00009866163,0.00001815382,0.00002135155,0.0008570364,0.00340841,0.003511003,0.002112999,0.0005526322,0.0001104197],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971543,0.0001234704,0.000660125,0.000778904,0.0007416511,0.00009176404,0.0001194741,0.00001039866,0.0003199443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986376,0.0001876383,0.0007071174,0.00009175514,0.0001263106,0.000009374078,0.00010354,0.000008720042,0.0001279081],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2287509,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8377588,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1822546504","doi":"10.1080/15320380601166462","title":"Fate and Transport of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene in Loams at a Former Explosives Factory","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Defence Research and Development Canada; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"University of Melbourne; La Trobe University; U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Trinitrotoluene; Microcosm; Vadose zone; Plume; Soil water; Groundwater; Environmental chemistry; Loam; Aquifer; Environmental science; San Joaquin; Hydrogeology; Dissolution; Chemistry; Soil science; Geology; Explosive material; Geotechnical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Timothy James Robertson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Richard Martel","is_ca":true},{"name":"Doãn Minh Quân","is_ca":false},{"name":"Guy Ampleman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sonia Thiboutot","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thomas F. Jenkins","is_ca":false},{"name":"Arthur Provatas","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0138537208095189,"gpt":0.2505938283251981,"spread":0.2367401075156792,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005015972,0.0001062457,0.0001294001,0.0001532038,0.00009123726,0.00002450466,0.0001094458,0.00004077295,0.0002828069],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000111382,0.00009279342,0.00003246623,0.00005523915,0.0001265922,0.0006090822,0.00006074278,0.0000952736,0.000004847255],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001721106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006824195,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001214846,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009531272,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988638,0.00003068829,0.0003625647,0.0001618534,0.0004321219,0.0001490115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996169,0.00003961671,0.0001464913,0.00004670444,0.00005902536,0.00009123621],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001446163,0.0001291815,0.8868502,0.000004653356,0.00003923383,0.00003154314,0.005397161,0.00001619038,0.01005051,0.0002335103,0.00001613953,0.09708711],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001425431,0.0001229423,0.9870343,0.00002233932,0.000009812198,0.00005523189,0.001435897,0.0001573414,0.007230534,0.0001472253,0.002250029,0.0001089503],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941044,0.00006503116,0.004130104,0.0002034404,0.0001949712,0.00009912488,0.000004914943,0.000006595742,0.001191377],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985147,0.0001994166,0.0001063711,0.0001627979,0.00004112443,0.000006819945,0.00001051292,0.000005685978,0.0009526341],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1001841,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3784006,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1494515386","doi":"10.1080/15320380903113626","title":"Application of Dendrochronological and Dendrochemical Methods for Dating Contamination Events of the Saint-François and Massawippi Riverbanks (Québec, Canada)","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Centre de Géomatique du Québec; Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; GDG Environnement","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Contamination; Dendrochronology; Environmental science; Floodplain; Hydrology (agriculture); Pollutant; Environmental chemistry; Soil contamination; Marsh; Soil water; Archaeology; Geology; Geography; Ecology; Chemistry; Wetland; Soil science","authors":[{"name":"Julien St-Laurent","is_ca":true},{"name":"Diane Saint‐Laurent","is_ca":true},{"name":"Patricia Duplessis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marlies Hähni","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christian Bégin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01209721773804072,"gpt":0.2785250694157127,"spread":0.266427851677672,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004946471,0.00008832793,0.0001357297,0.00007174039,0.000119609,0.00003091608,0.0001605873,0.00005274975,0.00003190249],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002118605,0.00006593803,0.00002760819,0.00004174519,0.00007775261,0.0002000025,0.0000177412,0.00009634598,8.625871e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005174887,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001196958,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0195322,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05520875,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990519,0.0001075619,0.0003051827,0.0001476007,0.0002876267,0.000100179],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990479,0.0003206879,0.0002922914,0.0000602703,0.0002087886,0.00007001677],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001518802,0.00003379062,0.3807133,0.00001454082,0.00004458109,9.257739e-7,0.000269274,0.00005744696,0.005240215,0.0007408856,0.00002291683,0.6127102],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007807979,0.0001744866,0.9642101,0.00003460704,0.00002702336,0.00007821308,0.000231947,0.02816772,0.004880066,0.0006853484,0.0006564262,0.00007323924],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9877257,0.0003849427,0.01007082,0.001423001,0.0001367071,0.0001424852,0.00003134887,0.000004854305,0.00008016061],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996975,0.000113005,0.00265574,0.0001394923,0.00004724755,0.000001643043,0.0000312235,0.000001873352,0.00003479637],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6126369,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9869968,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065325326","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2013.770445","title":"Counter-Current Metal Leaching and Precipitation for Soil Remediation","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Leaching (pedology); Sulfuric acid; Reagent; Environmental remediation; Chemistry; Soil water; Precipitation; Metal; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Leachate; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Contamination; Inorganic chemistry; Soil science","authors":[{"name":"Sara Bisone","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐François Blais","is_ca":true},{"name":"Guy Mercier","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01423218712100688,"gpt":0.2720995080898074,"spread":0.2578673209688005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007911451,0.0001348513,0.0001113751,0.00008730759,0.0002072891,0.0002315463,0.0001469148,0.00004858493,0.0005410404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001158135,0.0001222153,0.00004140569,0.00003011178,0.00009346237,0.00151998,0.00007595228,0.0001535023,0.00004054898],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002948191,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001187984,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006245156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004472545,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985323,0.0001045965,0.0003450516,0.0002487984,0.0005998557,0.0001693971],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994025,0.0000887715,0.00021039,0.00007408792,0.00006624206,0.0001580088],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000522909,0.0002981014,0.04872198,0.00001169249,0.00008620064,0.000001954196,0.003432471,0.0008868981,0.01712832,0.0009529782,0.001012807,0.9274143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003109947,0.0005243577,0.8496082,0.00005933802,0.00007722682,0.000105948,0.001078291,0.1060623,0.00331429,0.006316644,0.02927944,0.0004640897],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9798803,0.00009531452,0.01677111,0.001285435,0.001148653,0.000316079,0.00000822379,0.00001671407,0.0004781527],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971293,0.0003808105,0.00138632,0.0003264637,0.0003226748,0.00007756989,0.00005653608,0.00001291704,0.0003073864],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9269502,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5924014,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012952503","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2014.808171","title":"A Counter-Current Acid Leaching Process for the Remediation of Contaminated Soils from a Small-Arms Shooting Range","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Electrokinetic Soil Remediation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Environmental remediation; Leaching (pedology); Leachate; Soil water; Contamination; Soil contamination; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Metal; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Soil science","authors":[{"name":"Stéphanie Lafond","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐François Blais","is_ca":true},{"name":"Guy Mercier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Richard Martel","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01581021197575873,"gpt":0.2666346227190691,"spread":0.2508244107433104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005249257,0.0001616835,0.0001697287,0.0001850547,0.0001051247,0.0001792592,0.000291222,0.00007017772,0.00005420817],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001962639,0.0001290256,0.00006463481,0.00007118136,0.0000420743,0.0005459884,0.00001880681,0.0002598861,0.000001971562],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001559755,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004183857,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007032893,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005283128,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986333,0.00005317984,0.0005164943,0.0001516667,0.0004645938,0.0001807509],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984421,0.0002589551,0.0002706046,0.00009327447,0.0008548838,0.0000801466],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000985596,0.0001898397,0.01794443,0.00008870275,0.0004914229,0.000002200546,0.01190705,0.001349535,0.05268311,0.0007640469,0.0004692414,0.9140118],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003993483,0.0003442116,0.1063033,0.0003415526,0.0001367717,0.00003416091,0.002554056,0.7444562,0.1364513,0.004031812,0.000902592,0.0004506054],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8964993,0.0006866631,0.1004257,0.0006343005,0.001077427,0.0004647472,0.00002363565,0.0001021593,0.00008603455],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980806,0.0005614494,0.000430208,0.0001067327,0.0005152583,0.0001714075,0.00009540994,0.00002371861,0.00001518954],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9135613,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5261511,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1525686296","doi":"10.1080/714037710","title":"Characterization and Mapping of Contaminated Sediments, Windermere Arm, Hamilton Harbour, Ontario, Canada","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Ministry of Environment","keywords":"Harbour; Contamination; Environmental science; Geology; Hydrology (agriculture); Oceanography; Waste management; Geotechnical engineering; Engineering; Ecology; Biology; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Alex J. Zeman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Timothy S. Patterson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008530434735039616,"gpt":0.1902071570763545,"spread":0.1816767223413149,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002826646,0.0001276445,0.0001407481,0.00009528845,0.0001401993,0.0001333777,0.0001151096,0.00005131322,0.001342897],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001776385,0.0001165337,0.00002219834,0.00004656665,0.00004649298,0.0005058455,0.000007256816,0.0001549792,0.00000112256],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000630979,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002629777,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.207776,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4103799,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988533,0.00007190534,0.0003189303,0.0001745301,0.0004226437,0.0001586532],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993259,0.0000258643,0.000207464,0.00005912248,0.0002321049,0.0001495509],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005200296,0.00006453028,0.9625636,0.00001664902,0.000125956,0.00003903821,0.002022732,0.00002942884,0.006577446,0.0002772459,0.00006153941,0.02816988],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00120402,0.0001144273,0.9753634,0.00005047454,0.00001741828,0.0002177203,0.0008325637,0.001251793,0.006284758,0.0001338206,0.01436275,0.0001668927],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962278,0.00006300351,0.0006752709,0.0001378773,0.0007253671,0.00007712095,0.00003650508,0.000006471661,0.002050597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979838,0.0001032063,0.00008467353,0.0003417773,0.0000691482,8.460695e-7,0.0003419706,0.000003132179,0.001071415],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2026039,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99957,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898018336","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2018.1506425","title":"Physical properties of oil-particle aggregate (OPA)-containing sediments","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Imperial Oil (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Deposition (geology); Porosity; Particle (ecology); Sediment; Aggregate (composite); Particle size; Physical property; Mineralogy; Materials science; Porous medium; Chemical engineering; Geology; Composite material; Geomorphology","authors":[{"name":"Jeffrey A. Johnson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Deborah A. Edwards","is_ca":false},{"name":"Douglas Blue","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sara J. Morey","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01428016147146591,"gpt":0.2506993582984211,"spread":0.2364191968269552,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002976752,0.00009560331,0.00009501155,0.00005533967,0.0001675318,0.00008544652,0.000146731,0.00003111243,0.000427113],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004071171,0.00008100879,0.00004063498,0.00006953133,0.0002113315,0.0007737949,0.00006644005,0.000096451,0.00006090838],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001223317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001493559,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009230969,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000673559,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988843,0.0000665224,0.0002414671,0.0001618028,0.0005104881,0.0001354823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994816,0.00001039048,0.000189289,0.00006817368,0.0001349075,0.000115645],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003238436,0.000431478,0.04427369,0.000007034603,0.0001003573,0.000009539831,0.008224732,0.00009560862,0.4991403,0.001141411,0.0001411784,0.4461108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003123135,0.001327154,0.1119061,0.0001352057,0.00004391513,0.000139957,0.001766684,0.05569427,0.8203733,0.0007871282,0.004382412,0.0003207395],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994652,0.00001592942,0.0002011801,0.000451794,0.0005228194,0.00003653084,0.000001991845,0.00002015611,0.004097625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981988,0.00003529038,0.00009653865,0.0003403263,0.0003365566,0.000005734602,0.000003549057,0.000007697747,0.0009755011],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4457901,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4676588,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2345600412","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2015.1020408","title":"Bioprocessing-Based Approach for Bitumen/Water/Fines Separation and Hydrocarbon Recovery from Oil Sands Tailings","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Tailings; Oil sands; Environmental science; Settling; Environmental chemistry; Hydrocarbon; Waste management; Suspended solids; Turbidity; Bioaugmentation; Asphalt; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Contamination; Geology; Bioremediation; Wastewater; Materials science","authors":[{"name":"Robin L. Brigmon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher J. Berry","is_ca":false},{"name":"Arielle Wade","is_ca":false},{"name":"W A Simpson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01050306190695986,"gpt":0.2565969316694319,"spread":0.246093869762472,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000252109,0.0001719073,0.0001763069,0.0001447354,0.000233735,0.0003949834,0.0001536844,0.0001042997,0.00008717179],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005503352,0.0001134044,0.00007261214,0.0000348896,0.00005764675,0.0006476783,0.00002308942,0.00009573614,0.000001208308],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001093875,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005233633,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004121126,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001182715,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987745,0.00002220982,0.000344159,0.0003164889,0.0003713926,0.0001712977],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991797,0.00006779105,0.0002267942,0.00007821539,0.0003262782,0.0001211834],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003763547,0.000198343,0.005737791,0.00004939057,0.0002474418,0.000004732693,0.00039336,0.0001256825,0.5183437,0.000052874,0.00003709568,0.4744332],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0154344,0.0004117925,0.001668126,0.0008460589,0.000485222,0.0001138369,0.001088439,0.3247162,0.6386591,0.003245039,0.01217077,0.001161054],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9656424,0.000223378,0.03135262,0.001255026,0.0001631983,0.000008152119,0.00004135562,0.00004129303,0.001272568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945541,0.0002344227,0.0008872974,0.0002442488,0.0005763327,0.00002233698,0.00030628,0.00001595858,0.003158991],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4732722,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4624498,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1563958648","doi":"10.1080/15320380802425063","title":"An Evaluative Screening Level Model of the Fate of Organic Chemicals in Sludge-Amended Soils Including Organic Matter Degradation","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Trent University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biosolids; Soil water; Organic matter; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Volatilisation; Leaching (pedology); Degradation (telecommunications); Amendment; Bioturbation; Soil organic matter; Sewage sludge; Soil science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Sewage; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Lauren Hughes","is_ca":true},{"name":"Eva Webster","is_ca":true},{"name":"Don Mackay","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05239105774586771,"gpt":0.2995689709189732,"spread":0.2471779131731054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006886347,0.0001295261,0.0001630336,0.0001187247,0.0001203103,0.00002784457,0.0003971065,0.00006277962,0.001186126],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001084486,0.0001021993,0.00004231617,0.0001643452,0.0001582848,0.0008879326,0.0001285202,0.0001975944,0.000006012311],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003726004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007875708,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004544584,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001374141,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981707,0.000150576,0.0004991164,0.0001893887,0.000828988,0.0001612031],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992412,0.00004152684,0.0004409653,0.0001355818,0.00004929913,0.00009137685],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005216971,0.0001702463,0.1225401,0.000001673995,0.00003881258,0.000002251752,0.0040253,0.001092136,0.8563267,0.00002565993,0.00002024064,0.0157047],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001365772,0.00007813983,0.671055,0.00004560683,0.0000172427,0.00009076473,0.0005020919,0.0626986,0.2634124,0.0006075072,0.000003090676,0.0001238076],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9906678,0.000008728157,0.008216233,0.0005348764,0.0001255062,0.0001341314,0.00003008019,0.00000606915,0.0002766232],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985751,0.00003451211,0.0008760099,0.0002645371,0.0000358573,0.000002345923,0.000005149983,0.00001335431,0.0001931326],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5929143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999727,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898078238","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2018.1529736","title":"Incremental sampling methodology for petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soils: volume estimates and remediation strategies","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Federated Co-operatives (Canada); Maxxam (Canada); University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Environment - Saskatchewan","keywords":"Environmental remediation; Environmental science; Contamination; Sampling (signal processing); Representativeness heuristic; Total petroleum hydrocarbon; Soil water; Sample (material); Soil contamination; Environmental chemistry; Soil science; Statistics; Chemistry; Computer science; Mathematics; Chromatography","authors":[{"name":"Kathlyne Hyde","is_ca":true},{"name":"Wai Ma","is_ca":true},{"name":"Terry Obal","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kris Bradshaw","is_ca":true},{"name":"Trevor Carlson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Steven D. Mamet","is_ca":true},{"name":"Steven D. Siciliano","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03905431552145677,"gpt":0.3107418086742857,"spread":0.271687493152829,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001039896,0.0001950991,0.0002017573,0.0001532291,0.0004557831,0.0003562454,0.000187054,0.00008280139,0.0002443537],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001269597,0.0001793686,0.00004433948,0.00005685216,0.0003018492,0.001202538,0.0001268928,0.0001281555,0.00001341906],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000216393,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002516857,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001972358,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004374697,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998445,0.0001281945,0.0004034016,0.0003350081,0.0004407657,0.0002476091],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991753,0.0001567896,0.0002503609,0.00007818722,0.0002125458,0.0001268631],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007992764,0.0004026535,0.2557247,0.00003232874,0.0005983236,0.00002175561,0.0135926,0.0002249668,0.08538878,0.008003772,0.001009114,0.6342017],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006140488,0.002260869,0.8433422,0.00007425879,0.0001875289,0.0003347581,0.01129238,0.09948391,0.01061902,0.007565892,0.01795153,0.0007470982],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8604898,0.00006251662,0.1370023,0.0009053581,0.0008057427,0.0001620153,0.00001091167,0.00003636322,0.0005249255],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933686,0.00009647735,0.004969857,0.0004247043,0.00042542,0.00003902727,0.00006232324,0.00001493513,0.0005987099],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6334546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7314441,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2152316493","doi":"10.1080/15320380600847864","title":"Free Cyanide Sorption on Freshwater Sediment and Model Components","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Cassava research and cyanide","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Water Research Foundation; Water Environment Research Foundation; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Cyanide; Sorption; Sediment; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Total organic carbon; Aqueous solution; Activated carbon; Carbon fibers; Dissolved organic carbon; Inorganic chemistry; Adsorption; Organic chemistry; Geology; Materials science; Geomorphology","authors":[{"name":"Cortney J. Higgins","is_ca":false},{"name":"David A. Dzombak","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02161495557750525,"gpt":0.2486594518819453,"spread":0.22704449630444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003206935,0.0001162359,0.00009257044,0.00004907429,0.0002221558,0.0003101179,0.0001903082,0.00005347091,0.0002131335],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001803117,0.00005422897,0.0000417244,0.00003464486,0.0000463502,0.0003733819,0.00007304292,0.0001546298,0.000007590843],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008824724,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008704113,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003736699,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001344441,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987116,0.00006656309,0.0002185789,0.0001985731,0.000623259,0.0001813807],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994929,0.00004917252,0.00009179666,0.00003587113,0.0001864124,0.0001438322],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005511832,0.0008477704,0.0268105,0.000005435395,0.00009480908,0.00006938117,0.0002773663,0.0004922032,0.814992,0.01653603,0.006053328,0.13327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004356212,0.001535889,0.7945507,0.000107375,0.00003278392,0.0002895853,0.000590404,0.1227313,0.02147436,0.03084572,0.02288844,0.0005971395],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939717,0.00003981754,0.00009741989,0.004521156,0.0002043169,0.00008641497,0.00008628987,0.00002103461,0.0009718678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975791,0.0001271624,0.00007091156,0.0005958085,0.0005270201,0.000007154455,0.0001936886,0.000001388022,0.0008977395],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7935176,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2990474,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2077559347","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2012.636771","title":"Evaluation of Phosphorus Species in the Bed Sediments of an Atlantic Basin: Bioavailability and Relation with Surface Active Components of the Sediment","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Xunta de Galicia","keywords":"Bioavailability; Phosphorus; Sediment; Environmental chemistry; Phosphate; Chemistry; Carbonate; Apatite; Metal; Mineralogy; Geology; Biology; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"María Teresa Barral","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rosa Devesa‐Rey","is_ca":false},{"name":"Benigno Ruíz","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02123700889699205,"gpt":0.2521445754542479,"spread":0.2309075665572559,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001823485,0.00009335901,0.0001178679,0.00004784113,0.00007015183,0.00002014699,0.0001851244,0.0000373341,0.00003751303],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003387262,0.00005545743,0.00002655575,0.0001034136,0.0002240196,0.0006348899,0.00006003377,0.0001065549,4.653276e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001936976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001983516,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005251649,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005187696,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997741,0.0003861426,0.0003261935,0.0001195749,0.001323138,0.000103923],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992334,0.00006140387,0.0003749005,0.000111407,0.000172122,0.00004680553],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001528462,0.0005565207,0.9866694,0.00000333048,0.00004199434,3.023787e-7,0.00527619,0.0005626088,0.00137238,0.0001897112,0.000003153464,0.005171529],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001775011,0.0001868169,0.9760514,0.00003740544,0.00006597505,0.00002043704,0.001535152,0.01470696,0.005037047,0.0004852876,0.00003802233,0.00006048691],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988591,0.0000321413,0.00003430504,0.0002614989,0.0002138417,0.000239821,0.00001275385,0.000001878866,0.0003446273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997442,0.0000513816,0.0000959774,0.00003939977,0.00002421164,0.000003537913,0.00002648785,0.000003971862,0.0000108148],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01414435,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2261488,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1996712735","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2012.691576","title":"Pore Water Quality in the Upper Part of the Vadose Zone under an Operating Canadian Small Arms Firing Range Backstop Berm","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Berm; Vadose zone; Lysimeter; Soil water; Pore water pressure; Leaching (pedology); Environmental science; Water quality; Hydrology (agriculture); Geology; Environmental chemistry; Soil science; Chemistry; Geotechnical engineering; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Mathieu Laporte‐Saumure","is_ca":true},{"name":"Richard Martel","is_ca":true},{"name":"Guy Mercier","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03091702334484425,"gpt":0.2769309149007082,"spread":0.246013891555864,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00231206,0.0001083608,0.00009658418,0.00005310532,0.0001913049,0.00007809435,0.000372079,0.00005020256,0.0009771102],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002933186,0.00006110642,0.00004418396,0.00004249574,0.0001189429,0.0005932024,0.00008598547,0.000226418,0.00001232511],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003819409,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001960759,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006009894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02117335,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982759,0.0003926468,0.0003612422,0.0001395458,0.0005724035,0.0002582567],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999514,0.00004012072,0.0001054851,0.0001544671,0.00002075216,0.0001651442],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001491843,0.0003149567,0.9448398,0.000002991725,0.00003222364,0.000006663305,0.01889531,0.001684398,0.003993155,0.0007923591,0.00005576407,0.02936747],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005377381,0.00003788305,0.9892756,0.0000189718,0.00001018899,0.00005853505,0.002560931,0.0008028838,0.001966976,0.0001518053,0.004469492,0.000109039],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943336,0.00002878252,0.0001911806,0.003541003,0.0005466164,0.000131874,0.000006817464,0.000002801462,0.001217358],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974078,0.00002752786,0.0001870666,0.001865139,0.0001984554,0.00001033342,0.00002075957,0.000007646013,0.0002752911],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04443577,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999361,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2159427812","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2011.620046","title":"Model of the Fate of Chemicals in Sludge-Amended Soils with Uptake in Vegetation and Soil-Dwelling Organisms","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Trent University","funders":"","keywords":"Bioaccumulation; Biosolids; Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Soil water; Triclosan; Leaching (pedology); Organic matter; Biota; Soil Pollutants; Soil contamination; Ecology; Soil science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Lauren Hughes","is_ca":true},{"name":"Don Mackay","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02105834900174104,"gpt":0.234979544169802,"spread":0.213921195168061,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003973976,0.00008477068,0.0001135602,0.00008519775,0.00002819522,0.00001722227,0.0001668363,0.00004166441,0.00009754508],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003392072,0.00006053035,0.00001694203,0.00009032415,0.0001208137,0.0004052438,0.00005068964,0.0001285691,7.746683e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000127695,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003259616,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007240104,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000338592,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990094,0.00004534773,0.0003358297,0.0001251446,0.0003764803,0.0001077897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995989,0.00001897862,0.0002448533,0.00006632214,0.0000166398,0.0000542594],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002566102,0.0004477065,0.2462332,0.00001082361,0.00005944942,0.00001050534,0.02443291,0.00496859,0.6366131,0.000748399,0.000003611977,0.08621507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001582429,0.00009704573,0.7763628,0.00008065135,0.00001075849,0.00003710946,0.0005923026,0.04730411,0.1715379,0.002302693,0.000002092933,0.00009008635],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980114,0.00001451476,0.0007582467,0.0001349322,0.00006882306,0.00007674412,0.000006365001,0.000002956009,0.0009260957],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992223,0.00005470251,0.0005795237,0.00008310265,0.00001082573,0.000001334437,6.952067e-7,0.000006629718,0.00004088988],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5301297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2468356,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2768735893","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2017.1397098","title":"Counter-Current Attrition Process (CCAP) to Remove Metals, Pentachlorophenol (PCP), Dioxins and Furans (PCDDF) from the 1-4-mm Fraction of Contaminated Soil","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Electrokinetic Soil Remediation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Pentachlorophenol; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Contamination; Fraction (chemistry); Soil contamination; Flocculation; Environmental remediation; Soil water; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Karima Guemiza","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lucie Coudert","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lan Huong Tran","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sabrine Metahni","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐François Blais","is_ca":true},{"name":"Simon Besner","is_ca":true},{"name":"Guy Mercier","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01515913376987971,"gpt":0.2864872253377045,"spread":0.2713280915678248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004247401,0.0001926322,0.0002226339,0.0001660397,0.0002692273,0.0003563226,0.0003813993,0.00008011566,0.00005190384],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001712974,0.0001625956,0.00005347014,0.00004789354,0.00008678129,0.0008319769,0.0000456999,0.0002964535,0.00000296394],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002093952,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003491464,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002231043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002061581,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984589,0.00006934669,0.0004563981,0.000210705,0.0006377551,0.0001669192],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986248,0.0001042983,0.0003298501,0.0001944695,0.0006171964,0.0001294016],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005711064,0.0006539127,0.0566712,0.0001351588,0.001140076,0.00003919973,0.009521946,0.0006833333,0.1345783,0.002557011,0.001773999,0.7916748],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00436673,0.0006253967,0.7603816,0.0005953634,0.0002008554,0.0001430969,0.00220147,0.04894579,0.1720617,0.004234119,0.005588272,0.0006555846],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9799431,0.0005001205,0.01666228,0.001260086,0.0009493763,0.0002638606,0.00007320924,0.0000696259,0.0002783316],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973445,0.0017472,0.0001359792,0.0001634473,0.0004334581,0.00003571519,0.00009040957,0.00002268839,0.00002658202],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7910192,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6630457,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2895842954","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2018.1513990","title":"NAPL mobility of OPA-containing sediments","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Imperial Oil (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Particle (ecology); Phase (matter); Capillary action; Aqueous two-phase system; Sediment; Centrifuge; Mineralogy; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Geology; Materials science; Composite material; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Jeffrey A. Johnson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Deborah A. Edwards","is_ca":false},{"name":"Douglas Blue","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sara J. Morey","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01026515715138476,"gpt":0.2700123301548731,"spread":0.2597471730034884,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004055426,0.0001075567,0.000121904,0.0001739444,0.00005895108,0.00006563483,0.000188024,0.00005675621,0.0001688344],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003808935,0.0001066016,0.00004018993,0.00005140267,0.00007151561,0.0006089439,0.00002997451,0.0001409914,0.000004665251],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001495936,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002410093,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001418559,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001676889,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990416,0.00003443035,0.000326638,0.0001169445,0.0003562376,0.0001241058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992683,0.00003328803,0.0001045191,0.00008550013,0.0004250287,0.00008339807],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004417422,0.0005592368,0.05233106,0.00007450917,0.0008693704,0.0000432026,0.005869924,0.0008042498,0.1181519,0.01408929,0.001352783,0.8054127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00456433,0.002677128,0.2065047,0.0005081359,0.00007624831,0.0003185646,0.002054196,0.09692906,0.6633164,0.008786832,0.01338678,0.0008776485],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9750549,0.00005175288,0.01422903,0.00006533529,0.001004326,0.00006866842,0.000009631479,0.00009485368,0.009421487],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979968,0.0001607416,0.001259663,0.000116731,0.0003303137,0.000006733714,0.00001202293,0.00001302617,0.0001039464],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8045351,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4347087,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092914214","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2012.649375","title":"Influence of Short-Chain Aliphatic Acids on the Phenanthrene Desorption and Mobilization from Contaminated Soil","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Phenanthrene; Chemistry; Desorption; Oxalic acid; Citric acid; Organic acid; Tartaric acid; Malic acid; Acetic acid; Inorganic chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Organic chemistry; Adsorption","authors":[{"name":"Chunjiang An","is_ca":true},{"name":"Guohe Huang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hui Yu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jia Wei","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01227231468518372,"gpt":0.2394174196369925,"spread":0.2271451049518087,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007185656,0.0001149201,0.00009224535,0.00004087662,0.0001735956,0.00008193518,0.0001824315,0.00005468521,0.000378513],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009409076,0.00006985985,0.0000265623,0.0000746768,0.0001733774,0.0005575395,0.00006188524,0.0001202649,0.00001410633],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001048044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001097812,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001262442,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000157074,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987794,0.0001625886,0.0003023133,0.0001359749,0.0004835469,0.0001361504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994102,0.0001209416,0.0001967792,0.00009044956,0.00008382634,0.00009777545],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001946295,0.0004499759,0.5892318,0.000004877853,0.0001238033,0.000002942201,0.006202308,0.002375679,0.3452178,0.002392493,0.0003050992,0.05349854],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006800017,0.0001365341,0.9458631,0.00004310811,0.00002964842,0.0000213508,0.0007780146,0.007260301,0.04418417,0.0002764456,0.0005930878,0.0001342874],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977285,0.00004813892,0.00033159,0.001303063,0.0002831844,0.0001396845,0.00001729077,0.000008571345,0.000139992],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986464,0.0003257655,0.00002873285,0.0007818263,0.0001130575,0.000005035253,0.00003481359,0.000005859959,0.00005845703],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3566312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4144453,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2954549315","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2019.1635080","title":"Removal of Potential Toxic Inorganic and Organic Compounds from Contaminated Soils by Alkaline Leaching with Surfactant","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Chromium effects and bioremediation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Leaching (pedology); Pentachlorophenol; Chemistry; Soil water; Environmental chemistry; Organic matter; Soil contamination; Contamination; Total organic carbon; Environmental remediation; Environmental science; Soil science; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Karima Guemiza","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lucie Coudert","is_ca":true},{"name":"G. Mercier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lan Huong Tran","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sabrine Metahni","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐François Blais","is_ca":true},{"name":"Simon Besner","is_ca":true},{"name":"Guy Mercier","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003363391082503888,"gpt":0.1997696560989612,"spread":0.1964062650164574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003449051,0.000136189,0.0001655535,0.00006215512,0.00008780207,0.0001171298,0.000148593,0.00006215865,0.001018005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001565397,0.0001071131,0.0000245017,0.00006115652,0.00009387321,0.000583195,0.00007390329,0.0001623354,0.00001318132],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001654967,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002207858,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004009511,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002019612,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998704,0.00008985244,0.0002853707,0.0002283066,0.0005638511,0.0001285872],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994308,0.00005017735,0.0002676262,0.00007664327,0.00006757114,0.0001072244],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001665059,0.0001537638,0.06985404,0.00000434736,0.0000887563,0.00003546407,0.0007523814,0.00005382917,0.9159936,0.00005430556,0.00009915813,0.01274387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01085552,0.0017973,0.8450013,0.0001505429,0.0001374377,0.001230229,0.001480385,0.04828164,0.0881607,0.0003467764,0.001930378,0.0006277326],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979454,0.00005014609,0.0008213467,0.0003705552,0.0003477117,0.0001210419,0.00002831883,0.00001261086,0.0003028649],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989929,0.0001171971,0.0001948414,0.0001824913,0.00009024104,9.48467e-7,0.0001559644,0.00001158009,0.000253788],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8278329,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998952,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016704818","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2013.783556","title":"Optimization of Operating Parameters for the Selective Flotation of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Fine Sediment Using Response Surface Model","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Response surface methodology; Impeller; Pulp (tooth); Box–Behnken design; Metal; Sediment; Volumetric flow rate; Chemistry; Contamination; Chromatography; Materials science; Metallurgy; Geology; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Dileep Palakkeel Veetil","is_ca":true},{"name":"Guy Mercier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐François Blais","is_ca":true},{"name":"Myriam Chartier","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02520963100918504,"gpt":0.2905918417081882,"spread":0.2653822106990031,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008242762,0.0001285958,0.0001718439,0.00008370968,0.0001642307,0.00009900577,0.0001795896,0.00005658492,0.0003528305],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001743042,0.0001006574,0.0000619583,0.00009833408,0.0000987254,0.0008473171,0.00003923181,0.0000883651,0.000001388971],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001702387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004332603,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000663069,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004514301,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984469,0.0002127256,0.0005706016,0.0001846109,0.0004742609,0.0001109394],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985515,0.000321193,0.0004942107,0.00009181206,0.0004765459,0.0000647172],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002641772,0.000104133,0.001263335,0.000002193065,0.00009343776,2.631167e-7,0.002247187,0.7625893,0.2297069,0.0001858393,0.0001739959,0.003369153],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008914073,0.0001992107,0.006571621,0.00002099691,0.00003671888,0.00000441222,0.0004758457,0.84767,0.1436758,0.0003433038,0.00001876011,0.00009193879],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7379543,0.00002113656,0.2608916,0.0005293209,0.0001186268,0.0003887069,0.00002707971,0.0000111879,0.00005808171],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9624287,0.00003737069,0.03696113,0.0002883732,0.00002585055,0.00003184283,0.00006145862,0.00001098588,0.0001542868],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2244744,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.410469,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027458557","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2014.839624","title":"Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Shenfu Irrigation Area in China and their Application for Determining the Optimum Land Use Model","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Health Canada; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Fluoranthene; Chrysene; Pyrene; Environmental science; Anthracene; Environmental chemistry; Risk assessment; Phenanthrene; Beijing; Chemistry; China; Geography; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Zhihong Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiaojun Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ling Xu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shengqing Shuang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhi Li","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01227557863675012,"gpt":0.2602145424645838,"spread":0.2479389638278337,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007100768,0.00009499904,0.0000911621,0.00008109037,0.000111634,0.0001391482,0.0002068928,0.00003541265,0.00001039784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007547829,0.00005577799,0.00002307537,0.00006520274,0.0000721331,0.0007501242,0.00003395508,0.000145603,5.534283e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000146381,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001907756,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002864662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00041472,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990854,0.0001064485,0.0002934957,0.000128976,0.0002699298,0.0001157879],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994511,0.0001658255,0.000243162,0.00009376042,0.000003233105,0.00004291108],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002231278,0.0002226641,0.7755074,0.000001334122,0.0000299294,5.750574e-7,0.008520372,0.001657105,0.004648608,0.00009816427,0.00001292424,0.2092786],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005294153,0.00004308826,0.5629231,0.00000913059,0.00000506875,0.000008768231,0.0002418885,0.4320647,0.00007033153,0.00406228,0.000004733055,0.00003749729],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9873061,0.000006825961,0.01099323,0.001069113,0.00005037227,0.0003552358,0.00001126694,0.000003868151,0.0002040257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992088,0.00004182822,0.0004523886,0.0002050545,0.00002436522,0.00003924595,0.000006461764,0.00000622726,0.00001560591],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4304076,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2274561,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2909260571","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2018.1561651","title":"Degradation of RDX, TNT, and HMX during EPA 8330B Sample Processing and Analysis of Soils under Hydrated Lime or Dithionite-Based Chemical Remediation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Defence Research and Development Canada","funders":"Institut national de la recherche scientifique; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Environmental remediation; Lime; Dithionite; Degradation (telecommunications); Environmental chemistry; Soil water; Environmental science; Chemistry; Mineralogy; Radiochemistry; Materials science; Contamination; Soil science; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Marc‐Olivier Turcotte‐Savard","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sylvie Brochu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01432971070613477,"gpt":0.2650158190328651,"spread":0.2506861083267303,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004161342,0.0001136298,0.0002396957,0.0006783796,0.0001047476,0.00009811403,0.0001072194,0.00008144738,0.0001166684],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001575369,0.00009711178,0.00003463401,0.0003071428,0.0001430995,0.000464799,0.00004341705,0.00009771824,9.963408e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007102943,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005321047,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003015045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003581012,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987257,0.00006679631,0.0004468788,0.0002141999,0.0004354006,0.0001110452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998718,0.0001398341,0.0005288567,0.0000774077,0.0004762926,0.00005965761],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003680697,0.0001956626,0.2327951,0.00006305001,0.0003662217,0.000002385827,0.001292197,0.0007684332,0.7482928,0.00117591,0.000004880993,0.01467525],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002548696,0.0002291458,0.8039724,0.000113788,0.0002992311,0.00002288913,0.001509474,0.08147243,0.1091546,0.0004394033,0.00002682977,0.0002111462],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997865,0.0001069297,0.001310504,0.0004079625,0.0001389626,0.00009635671,0.00003517269,0.00001907782,0.00002001002],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989014,0.0001154134,0.0007738385,0.00006249262,0.0000321144,0.000004374574,0.00006749185,0.000007825383,0.00003503225],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6391382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3960104,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402832999","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2024.2408005","title":"Ecological Risk Assessment to Aquatic Life from Metals in the Surface Sediments of the Santiago-Guadalajara River Basin, Mexico","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Structural basin; Environmental science; Heavy metals; Drainage basin; Aquatic ecosystem; Ecology; Sediment; Geography; Hydrology (agriculture); Water resource management; Environmental protection; Geology; Environmental chemistry; Geomorphology; Biology","authors":[{"name":"José de Anda","is_ca":false},{"name":"Luis Alberto Olvera-Vargas","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ofelia Yadira Lugo-Melchor","is_ca":false},{"name":"Harvey Shear","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01452574984858175,"gpt":0.2858592377825446,"spread":0.2713334879339628,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002056244,0.0001583661,0.0001702644,0.00006545011,0.0001394012,0.0001751746,0.0006091387,0.00006244514,0.001604152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001554451,0.0000929348,0.00009512885,0.0001526942,0.000178455,0.0004578147,0.0002325632,0.0003624809,0.00006744431],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003959697,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004439161,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005214497,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001225078,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996964,0.0007215641,0.000497246,0.0002955993,0.001337744,0.0001838623],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991565,0.0003299575,0.000178329,0.0001886435,0.0000192328,0.0001273045],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006794553,0.001249387,0.9196142,0.000007710264,0.0004418234,0.00007939807,0.008618343,0.02307504,0.007904,0.0009703638,0.002945065,0.0350267],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005083712,0.0001291314,0.9693934,0.00004796503,0.0000590743,0.00001600216,0.0006252499,0.02215529,0.001082651,0.001358008,0.004505489,0.0001193651],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.989904,0.00008669175,0.002247378,0.005443937,0.001074746,0.0002795928,0.00003576314,0.000008798624,0.0009190661],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966631,0.0002057505,0.001060699,0.001773647,0.00009290745,0.00001484361,0.00001023406,0.000009524094,0.0001692965],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04977918,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993085,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044579765","doi":"10.1080/20025891107122","title":"Removal of Lead from a Calcareous Soil by Chloride Complexation","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Calcareous; Chemistry; Lime; Leachate; Carbonate; Chloride; Sodium; Calcium carbonate; Environmental chemistry; Sodium carbonate; Environmental remediation; Nuclear chemistry; Contamination; Geology","authors":[{"name":"S. A. Wasay","is_ca":true},{"name":"Wayne J. Parker","is_ca":true},{"name":"P. J. VanGeel","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01753381269100952,"gpt":0.2420260627104093,"spread":0.2244922500193998,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003320481,0.0001322366,0.0001443483,0.00006308264,0.0001094923,0.00006704702,0.000262859,0.00006079096,0.003645111],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005270731,0.0001255929,0.00005369175,0.00004930198,0.0001575664,0.0005354157,0.00008715777,0.0001584374,0.00009320856],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003154866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005284344,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004241288,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006463884,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982101,0.0001027399,0.0004125133,0.0002307166,0.000890573,0.0001533139],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993924,0.00005571762,0.000270748,0.0001188551,0.00003788,0.0001243559],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002453391,0.001697861,0.0648483,0.000007934693,0.0003398744,0.0002974057,0.007179215,0.002572188,0.214808,0.0007531958,0.008967133,0.6982835],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00902037,0.001179117,0.4304956,0.0001522839,0.0001746088,0.001739871,0.002076487,0.2524981,0.1543589,0.003910632,0.1430912,0.001302853],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902444,0.0001073311,0.003080939,0.0009257807,0.0005603656,0.00007958353,0.00003999926,0.00001415809,0.004947412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996847,0.0003519669,0.0007035037,0.0004630671,0.0001802801,0.000005185144,0.00006006762,0.00001146119,0.001377417],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6969807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9972657,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1563963351","doi":"10.1080/10588330490445312","title":"A Screening Level Mass Balance Model of Sediment Remediation Options","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Environmental and Sediment Control","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Trent University","funders":"","keywords":"Dredging; Environmental remediation; Environmental science; Sediment; Biota; Hydrology (agriculture); Hexachlorobenzene; Water resource management; Contamination; Geology; Oceanography; Ecology; Pollutant","authors":[{"name":"Christopher Warren","is_ca":true},{"name":"Donald Mackay","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02016720270985641,"gpt":0.2418436118233982,"spread":0.2216764091135418,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004500927,0.0001558585,0.0001455841,0.0001056372,0.0001694063,0.00007105905,0.0002581232,0.0000642732,0.0004082428],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002278835,0.0001455765,0.00007102779,0.00006307929,0.0001247679,0.0009456,0.00008244885,0.0001719101,0.00002042084],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003538653,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002424109,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008091747,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002913568,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981823,0.00004907474,0.0004249823,0.000244018,0.0009088852,0.000190732],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993654,0.00002191904,0.0002839321,0.0001092026,0.00004819451,0.0001713435],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003382332,0.001145315,0.1226712,0.00001104832,0.0002766409,0.00003175053,0.003807481,0.4668078,0.3245631,0.01125666,0.0002720532,0.06881878],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01412249,0.0009271085,0.2631309,0.0001824881,0.0001404031,0.000147756,0.001480839,0.660181,0.03730853,0.02007168,0.001426759,0.0008800026],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8318344,0.00004667958,0.1637342,0.00208192,0.0004220379,0.00017919,0.00003902067,0.00002249554,0.001640001],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9874496,0.0002369936,0.0109508,0.0006284534,0.0001433168,0.0000152421,0.00005079308,0.00001176245,0.0005130084],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2872545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5936438,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1593893579","doi":"10.1080/15320380590911823","title":"Modeling the Kinetics of Contaminant Biodegradation by a Mixed Microbial Consortium Based on Carbon Mass Balance","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Aberdeen","keywords":"Microcosm; Biodegradation; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Hexadecane; Population; Bacterial growth; Biomass (ecology); Microbial consortium; Carbon dioxide; Mineralization (soil science); Microbial population biology; Microorganism; Bacteria; Ecology; Biology; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Olivier Schoefs","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lucie Jean","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andree Ellert","is_ca":true},{"name":"Réjean Samson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008204895528381013,"gpt":0.2203844850565091,"spread":0.2121795895281281,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003941706,0.0001277205,0.0001106914,0.00006351716,0.00008039304,0.00008000602,0.0002358568,0.00006158683,0.0002596761],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003973403,0.000093127,0.00004354688,0.00006298764,0.0001043288,0.0001928107,0.00002817472,0.0001403811,0.000009368757],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001954559,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001837551,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007706509,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001190492,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986471,0.0001036748,0.0003847703,0.0001809582,0.0005431836,0.000140322],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994537,0.00003882391,0.0002306492,0.00009471513,0.0001000479,0.00008212775],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002189451,0.0003907167,0.01261896,0.000003086893,0.0000343204,0.00000305518,0.0004048115,0.007906609,0.9404892,0.0001477467,0.0009952079,0.03678729],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002121896,0.0002954985,0.009753333,0.00003688423,0.00002345634,0.00001747175,0.0001770534,0.7785137,0.2042711,0.00003116708,0.004564069,0.0001943275],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9874569,0.0000218808,0.006984873,0.00357758,0.0005321052,0.0001350768,0.00004698917,0.00001118493,0.001233382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979957,0.00007940895,0.0004602504,0.001102947,0.000125696,0.00000245315,0.00006361644,0.000007318975,0.0001626341],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7706071,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3797609,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1572634816","doi":"10.1080/15320380701285659","title":"Capillary Effects on Natural Remobilization of Pools of Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid Mixtures in Porous Media","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; McMaster University; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Porous medium; Capillary action; Dissolution; Saturation (graph theory); Porosity; Wetting; Imbibition; Capillary fringe; Capillary pressure; Chemistry; Mineralogy; Materials science; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Groundwater; Aquifer; Composite material","authors":[{"name":"James W. Roy","is_ca":true},{"name":"James E. Smith","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert W. Gillham","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006477228676852805,"gpt":0.2587333015177436,"spread":0.2522560728408908,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007156905,0.0001328736,0.0001888651,0.0002616146,0.0000634139,0.00002690912,0.000171261,0.00006097292,0.00007639069],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001146437,0.0001144268,0.00004751914,0.0001141889,0.0000982811,0.000366243,0.00005704011,0.0001487047,0.000003625853],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001944338,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001636996,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001327026,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003523091,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984047,0.00008057614,0.0005021711,0.0001803904,0.0006798705,0.0001522939],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992213,0.000175788,0.0002999062,0.00007899167,0.0001476533,0.00007633409],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002031771,0.001192422,0.05298121,0.0000344988,0.000133735,0.0002555977,0.01038383,0.0002248653,0.2398337,0.0005184186,0.0002033981,0.6922065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007411942,0.001949956,0.6674195,0.0002524005,0.00004101249,0.0001707588,0.001468139,0.001928714,0.3182242,0.0002943282,0.0005265364,0.0003125145],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959191,0.00016304,0.002420088,0.0001747203,0.0007199738,0.0001403292,0.00000438854,0.000007242044,0.0004511117],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991525,0.0001515616,0.0001176523,0.0002684215,0.0001122062,0.000004126993,0.0000275336,0.000007923234,0.0001580355],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.691894,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4666187,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2061013024","doi":"10.1080/20025891107249","title":"Perspective on Site Characterization and Field Sampling at East Coast Canadian Lightstation Sites","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Geological Modeling and Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Sampling (signal processing); Perspective (graphical); East coast; Geography; Field (mathematics); Archaeology; Physical geography; Engineering; Art; Mathematics; Telecommunications","authors":[{"name":"Vera A. Landry","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02480223208239634,"gpt":0.235395666425432,"spread":0.2105934343430357,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001520019,0.00008634803,0.00007816765,0.0002127636,0.0003227562,0.0002096081,0.00006724452,0.00004770514,0.001353819],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005508256,0.00007044811,0.00002590045,0.0000499323,0.00002043767,0.0003377741,0.00000615733,0.0001114109,0.00004239899],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004811909,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001114648,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007143858,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06500226,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992596,0.00004843348,0.000152733,0.0001692478,0.0002477776,0.0001222302],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994305,0.00004166812,0.00008798987,0.00003602379,0.0002107916,0.0001930297],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009326818,0.00006637374,0.6224241,0.000003575136,0.0001072373,0.00003897839,0.007492232,0.002897681,0.0006459191,0.001169821,0.0001533023,0.3649076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005575385,0.0003710713,0.6657156,0.00002728364,0.00002331625,0.00007976485,0.0009716767,0.3282314,0.00006810536,0.0003619972,0.003426181,0.0001660844],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9897184,0.00007637937,0.001234226,0.00743657,0.0002322806,0.00003678199,0.00005122154,0.00001096321,0.00120319],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969661,0.0003267563,0.00008056483,0.001389954,0.0002423228,4.997144e-7,0.0003054116,0.00000180477,0.0006865427],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3647415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995591,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995069779","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2011.609201","title":"Effects of Zeolite-Containing Material and Ammonium Nitrate on Biodegradation of<i>n</i>-Tridecane in Heavy Clay-Loam Leached Chernozem with High Organic Matter Content","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ulster University; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; International Science and Technology Center; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Loam; Organic matter; Biodegradation; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Nitrate; Chernozem; Soil water; Ammonium; Total organic carbon; Soil science; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Alexandra Denisova","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aygul Halilova","is_ca":false},{"name":"Vladimir Breus","is_ca":false},{"name":"Irina Breus","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01289690106435476,"gpt":0.2021614515164267,"spread":0.1892645504520719,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003083361,0.0001265768,0.0001664484,0.0001259291,0.00003722986,0.0000386962,0.0001166022,0.00005977926,0.0005888007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001690815,0.00009822482,0.00002086794,0.00006941694,0.0001063256,0.0003422677,0.00003701062,0.0001077322,0.000007872589],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009518861,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001810172,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006423304,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003064614,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989039,0.0000928127,0.0003683883,0.0001772405,0.000334656,0.0001230135],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994451,0.00003095537,0.0003154025,0.00005482387,0.00007124316,0.00008251865],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001742666,0.0003284084,0.3906379,0.00001699865,0.00005255913,0.00001730271,0.001975639,0.000004909895,0.6002413,0.0001755556,0.0000224798,0.00478429],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001637654,0.0004285763,0.5543509,0.00005509924,0.0000121299,0.00001928263,0.0001735548,0.00006045295,0.4431223,0.00004840941,0.00001158186,0.00008013942],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989685,0.000009149764,0.00009224359,0.0002147047,0.000274687,0.0001520301,0.00001583254,0.000005696744,0.0002671476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992685,0.00007249368,0.0002113519,0.0002895045,0.00004055727,0.000002925447,0.0000289025,0.000008151819,0.00007764307],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.163713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6446955,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416281391","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2025.2589277","title":"A Study of the Level of Heavy Metal Pollution in the Soils Near Durgapur Industrial Area, West Bengal, India","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Soil water; Pollution; Heavy metals; Soil contamination; Hydrology (agriculture)","authors":[{"name":"Avishek Adhikary","is_ca":false},{"name":"Supriya Pal","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sudipta Ghosh","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05303151809187642,"gpt":0.2916615295258109,"spread":0.2386300114339344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001481863,0.0001098102,0.0001485706,0.0001038025,0.000158904,0.00005762023,0.0004912312,0.00006150808,0.0002383831],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000127845,0.00007059323,0.00005800733,0.0001949344,0.0002078954,0.0003123281,0.000165483,0.0003012491,0.00000240532],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002340529,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000533577,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004850166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005432842,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978656,0.0004354167,0.000508516,0.0001614138,0.0009067295,0.0001223507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994096,0.00007804757,0.0002856407,0.0001591894,0.00003008987,0.00003748594],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002443655,0.003556099,0.9135522,0.000004835026,0.0002395832,0.00001792516,0.01582921,0.005062769,0.003689943,0.001248989,0.0006661922,0.05588786],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00202192,0.0002601821,0.9891785,0.00003294592,0.00003825379,0.00002119549,0.004749034,0.0007694171,0.001970104,0.0002344427,0.0006558772,0.00006812355],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962182,0.00001722463,0.0001032278,0.001715403,0.0006041861,0.000306339,0.0000156557,0.00000235626,0.00101738],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992833,0.00002545139,0.00003581145,0.0004079694,0.00005143512,0.00001508331,0.000003709964,0.000003952672,0.0001733414],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07562628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2878709,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413208582","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2025.2545356","title":"Biochar-Based Amendments in Chromite Mine Tailing Debris-Contaminated Soil - Influence on Physiological Traits of Tomato and Soil Properties","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Chromium effects and bioremediation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Biochar; Chromite; Environmental science; Debris; Contamination; Tailings; Soil contamination; Agronomy; Mining engineering; Soil water; Environmental chemistry; Soil science; Geology; Waste management; Ecology; Biology; Chemistry; Geochemistry","authors":[{"name":"Palwasha Achakzai","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shamim Gul","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kanval Shaukat","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hidayatullah Kakar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zahoor Ahmed Kakar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sadaf Aslam Ghori","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0104898293420382,"gpt":0.2455928720176034,"spread":0.2351030426755652,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003855677,0.0001471592,0.0001713371,0.0001900794,0.00008951391,0.00007845098,0.000155892,0.00007442654,0.00007874871],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007766718,0.0001142359,0.00003431934,0.000117524,0.0001529503,0.0003695961,0.00006258288,0.0001473072,0.000003853216],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002237792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003292985,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001835875,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002837166,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987343,0.0001022488,0.0003670974,0.0002484393,0.0003974518,0.000150477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995676,0.000049983,0.0001843513,0.00005727703,0.000068789,0.00007199423],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000359879,0.0005749948,0.09007371,0.00003266391,0.00005023975,0.00001885841,0.0007623185,0.005005704,0.8670264,0.0001811156,0.00006822542,0.03584589],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003032393,0.0004897956,0.8096474,0.0002944841,0.00001660972,0.000009147118,0.0002355587,0.0394729,0.1464545,0.0001288494,0.00005419746,0.0001641684],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987247,0.00004959813,0.00008886197,0.000591432,0.0001746675,0.0001618793,0.000007568494,0.00001240062,0.0001888868],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999075,0.00006849143,0.00004814996,0.0006150652,0.0000399421,0.00001412234,0.00002015444,0.000005049377,0.0001140372],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7205719,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4658404,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3106838105","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2020.1849019","title":"Combining Sequential Gaussian Simulation with Linear Regression to Develop Rehabilitation Strategies Using a Hydrometallurgical Process to Simultaneously Remove Metals, PCP, and PCDD/F from a Contaminated Soil","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Centre Technologique des Résidus Industriels; Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Contamination; Leaching (pedology); Pentachlorophenol; Environmental remediation; Soil contamination; Fraction (chemistry); Environmental science; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Soil science; Soil water; Chromatography","authors":[{"name":"Sabrine Metahni","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lucie Coudert","is_ca":true},{"name":"Erwan Gloaguen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lan Huong Tran","is_ca":true},{"name":"Karima Guemiza","is_ca":true},{"name":"Guy Mercier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐François Blais","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02360911814079435,"gpt":0.3053201271195699,"spread":0.2817110089787755,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005688787,0.0002735963,0.0002842578,0.0001385711,0.0002551607,0.0002955013,0.0002309132,0.0000988694,0.0003597384],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000396624,0.0002269669,0.00003366531,0.0002875617,0.0001342431,0.001142916,0.0001695743,0.0002548825,0.00002562424],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003639314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007134211,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001745876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000114601,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972801,0.0002612945,0.0005558818,0.0005614232,0.001092632,0.000248671],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987178,0.0002015581,0.0002707935,0.0001091342,0.0001740628,0.0005266275],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00136769,0.0003213762,0.009782404,0.00001965274,0.0002175592,0.0002111348,0.02892201,0.8848935,0.04751664,0.0001612872,0.00001723058,0.02656953],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002847327,0.001681897,0.05222046,0.0002332653,0.0000937865,0.0001261953,0.006400486,0.9310384,0.003085104,0.0003294539,0.001374695,0.0005689015],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9408219,0.00001286076,0.05604021,0.002370802,0.0001627778,0.00037506,0.00001614247,0.00003616203,0.0001641026],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9882095,0.00001178625,0.01044026,0.00104678,0.0001523757,0.00001478419,0.00005804146,0.00002734783,0.00003909746],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04738765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.925544,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415127143","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2025.2574273","title":"Source Apportionment of Potentially Toxic Elements in Topsoils Across Some Mining-Impacted Communities in Ghana Using the Positive Matrix Factorization Model","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Roads University","funders":"","keywords":"Apportionment; Matrix (chemical analysis); Factorization; Topsoil; Matrix decomposition; Pollution","authors":[{"name":"Benjamin Darko Asamoah","is_ca":false},{"name":"Barnabas Awortwe","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lawrence Sheringham Borquaye","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matt Dodd","is_ca":true},{"name":"Godfred Darko","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01814664467598857,"gpt":0.3095112396776964,"spread":0.2913645950017079,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001102817,0.0001298906,0.0001471858,0.0001582889,0.0001480967,0.00008777582,0.000293051,0.00006091215,0.0001381541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003649556,0.0001115947,0.00003976953,0.0001207956,0.0001445872,0.00067167,0.0001918741,0.0001855696,0.000001189794],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008114883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003785247,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004813548,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000433813,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981897,0.0002293186,0.0006200443,0.0001468811,0.000610188,0.0002038528],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994401,0.000056492,0.0002964108,0.0001186543,0.0000341967,0.00005410441],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001975336,0.0008943575,0.5699856,0.00001183358,0.0001411809,0.00001057152,0.02896411,0.3222149,0.02034041,0.0008701885,0.00002418292,0.05634516],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002052518,0.0001133576,0.4841607,0.0001577787,0.00002570501,0.00001671866,0.01537466,0.4924081,0.00452254,0.0008799228,0.00009363222,0.0001943784],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9574665,0.00003002993,0.04149964,0.0003977005,0.0002342519,0.0001844791,0.00001703004,0.000004857538,0.000165455],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982631,0.00009719227,0.0009407317,0.0003246438,0.00002416937,0.000009104225,0.0000358547,0.000007355497,0.0002978416],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1701932,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4550699,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399291838","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2024.2359067","title":"Environmental Pollution by Mercury and Trace Metals in Highly Vulnerable Afro-Descendant Territories in the Department of Cauca, Colombia","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Mercury impact and mitigation studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministry of Health, British Columbia","keywords":"Mercury (programming language); TRACE (psycholinguistics); Descendant; Environmental science; Mercury pollution; Pollution; Environmental chemistry; Air pollution; Heavy metals; Environmental protection; Chemistry; Ecology; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Galvis-Ballesteros Javier","is_ca":false},{"name":"V Sancho Juan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Duran-Izquierdo Margareth","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sierra-Marquez Lucellys","is_ca":false},{"name":"Olivero-Verbel Jesus","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00895107359607677,"gpt":0.2550234331908103,"spread":0.2460723595947336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007296897,0.0001038354,0.0001140912,0.00009452246,0.0001014524,0.0001185955,0.000108179,0.00003526662,0.0001499675],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000182414,0.00007681392,0.00002646993,0.00006902429,0.0001386956,0.0006159969,0.00004014763,0.0001681691,0.0000035453],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002233534,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001279821,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003293947,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004135796,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987942,0.0001665001,0.0003069079,0.0001555646,0.0004525724,0.0001242557],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997438,0.00006992112,0.00008004038,0.00004487086,0.000008219623,0.00005320877],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000375716,0.001991687,0.4605016,0.00006199715,0.0004662891,0.0002517338,0.07306281,0.0004979157,0.1539785,0.006609611,0.01402998,0.2881722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001746636,0.0004088236,0.9284988,0.0001141541,0.00005336069,0.0001911043,0.01044189,0.002785065,0.009788455,0.001216572,0.04448137,0.0002737511],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953914,0.001024702,0.00008574094,0.002491864,0.0003735159,0.0001353184,0.00007528212,0.000005267053,0.0004168721],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983349,0.001043581,0.00003944094,0.0002607368,0.00005305381,0.00001698936,0.0000343506,0.000004738104,0.0002121522],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4679973,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3132381,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1511531422","doi":"10.1080/15320380802146495","title":"Contaminant Sorbent Aggregation Index based on Cadmium Sorption Capacity","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Recycled Aggregate Concrete Performance","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sorption; Sorbent; Cadmium; Composite number; Adsorption; Fly ash; Montmorillonite; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Environmental science; Soil science; Composite material; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Gustavo Menezes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hilary I. Inyang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01508494098607404,"gpt":0.2234501099656727,"spread":0.2083651689795986,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002647091,0.00020253,0.0001583691,0.0003349734,0.0002152582,0.0001237232,0.0001944121,0.0001018524,0.000112886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003620233,0.0001914686,0.0000642158,0.0000777639,0.00007012604,0.0008112384,0.00001528031,0.000335027,0.0000220181],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004090817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005294421,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000276175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002878136,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984512,0.00006419681,0.000384988,0.0001917744,0.0006964558,0.0002114168],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991844,0.00004364169,0.0001478541,0.0001207404,0.0003274334,0.0001758849],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008835183,0.0006503918,0.269493,0.0001069179,0.000564187,0.0005933378,0.006868143,0.2204845,0.02576288,0.003059993,0.002142121,0.4693909],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002361964,0.0002549273,0.1920571,0.0001286419,0.00001408426,0.0004263997,0.0001075584,0.7889216,0.0129287,0.0001142699,0.002378482,0.0003062493],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9835315,0.00005254014,0.0124663,0.0003983569,0.001839558,0.0001327342,0.00001185352,0.0001115097,0.00145559],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983869,0.0004487794,0.0001521887,0.0002970222,0.0004775179,0.00001769818,0.00005428539,0.0000236451,0.0001420298],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.568437,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7807862,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}