{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":21,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":21,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"4e34f8359611","filters":{"venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics"}},"results":[{"id":"W3108257122","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-62757-7","title":"Philosophy in Reality","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Interdisciplinary Research and Collaboration","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy; Epistemology","authors":[{"name":"Joseph E. Brenner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Abir U. Igamberdiev","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4291573326199232,"gpt":0.5026504051635199,"spread":0.07349307254359672,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006278178,0.0004609326,0.00119994,0.0006588509,0.0005003029,0.0000768864,0.000706757,0.00123069,0.00006840641],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00320016,0.0003847342,0.0001162613,0.0007539631,0.002558267,0.0001340944,0.0009624953,0.003422046,0.0002129637],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004153095,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001589894,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003882268,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007804415,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9938813,0.0009462408,0.00159959,0.001320345,0.001851806,0.0004007396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9910333,0.007095582,0.0004782765,0.0005184069,0.0007381884,0.0001362209],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005973465,0.00005201916,0.0001448184,0.0002630949,0.00008384862,0.0001448863,0.002852455,0.0001040713,0.000006217871,0.971074,0.02442701,0.0002502174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006433051,0.0001891272,0.0003651567,0.000184741,0.00001211929,0.00001490922,0.0004776704,0.0001250937,0.000002869652,0.976581,0.02107444,0.0003295303],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00008569733,0.002647028,0.00009827604,0.1381148,0.0007719884,0.0008672706,0.0001916599,0.00002814434,0.8571951],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8458858,0.002951127,0.0007906102,0.009391963,0.005484025,0.0006967739,0.0007432195,0.0001012031,0.1339553],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8458,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998605,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2177553543","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-18479-1_12","title":"Biomorphism and Models in Design","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Design Education and Practice","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Conflation; Computer science; Normative; Artificial intelligence; Similarity (geometry); Process (computing); Biomimetics; Natural (archaeology); Human–computer interaction; Cognitive science; Psychology; Epistemology; Geography; Archaeology; Image (mathematics)","authors":[{"name":"Cameron Shelley","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3305710039301469,"gpt":0.3711645992126363,"spread":0.0405935952824894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001320243,0.0002893057,0.0004489375,0.0002435085,0.00009697824,0.00001186755,0.00008142996,0.0007752825,0.00001759021],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001102523,0.0002984838,0.00001825099,0.00004917713,0.0006698656,0.000070694,0.00006361726,0.001350777,0.00001989348],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012629,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000163327,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000339097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002779875,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988592,0.00008627838,0.0003992929,0.0003108595,0.0001886212,0.0001558085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979092,0.001705937,0.0000832973,0.0001399389,0.0001021762,0.00005948846],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005397695,0.00001075436,0.000002159833,0.0002575557,0.00009997137,0.00001918365,0.002175786,0.005028168,0.000008756999,0.9905546,0.001483059,0.0003060221],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004134766,0.0000284465,0.00001023871,0.0001134115,0.00002780265,0.00004504813,0.00009246446,0.001447742,0.000002589553,0.9845096,0.01302144,0.0002876904],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002118417,0.03290104,0.003530977,0.006497174,0.0009731168,0.0006554087,0.00003140977,0.00007474383,0.9553149],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8922874,0.05825173,0.01212898,0.003124621,0.001176526,0.0004017439,0.0001849986,0.0002107151,0.03223324],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9230817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999467,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404546665","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-69300-7","title":"Model-Based Reasoning, Abductive Cognition, Creativity","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Mälardalens högskola; Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; Technische Universität Berlin; Universidade de Lisboa; Vetenskapsrådet; Università degli Studi di Trento; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Sapienza Università di Roma; Università degli Studi di Messina; Sun Yat-sen University; Tata Institute of Fundamental Research; Dublin City University; University of Sussex; University of Windsor; Università degli Studi G. d'Annunzio Chieti - Pescara; London Metropolitan University; Scuola IMT Alti Studi Lucca; Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II; Université de Liège; Technische Universiteit Delft; University of Cyprus; Université de Lille; Università degli Studi di Cagliari; Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main; Università degli Studi di Milano; London School of Economics and Political Science; Universidad de Sevilla","keywords":"Abductive reasoning; Creativity; Cognition; Cognitive science; Psychology; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Social psychology; Neuroscience","authors":[],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1216307231547534,"gpt":0.3578358609037314,"spread":0.236205137748978,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001599021,0.000463314,0.0007051179,0.0002992433,0.000535473,0.00006940783,0.0003501672,0.0008672578,0.000004438328],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003179058,0.0004311288,0.000107871,0.000156537,0.001020332,0.0000903797,0.0003687182,0.002718015,0.00006251768],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003348405,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001140998,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005023446,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002098499,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974133,0.0002460554,0.0005625494,0.00100093,0.0004789634,0.0002982142],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997047,0.001852247,0.000289993,0.0003279372,0.0004220735,0.00006075983],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002600477,0.00002756636,0.000007157762,0.0007864877,0.0002361003,0.00005509037,0.002705822,0.003590814,0.000005465617,0.9910494,0.001408651,0.0001014185],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002290076,0.00007534274,0.000007185163,0.001281674,0.0000574073,0.00002734817,0.00005895061,0.01127441,0.00001616697,0.9722682,0.01427087,0.0004333988],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001355074,0.01012961,0.2587357,0.00692039,0.002112993,0.0008601036,0.00006827348,0.0002473459,0.720912],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3287701,0.001795584,0.04358427,0.004401275,0.003828538,0.0008636935,0.0003270059,0.0001718766,0.6162576],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3287566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999814,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3106590371","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-62757-7_15","title":"Philosophy in Reality as Process","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Epistemology; Naturalism; Philosophy; Dialectic; Doctrine; Natural (archaeology); Theology","authors":[{"name":"Joseph E. Brenner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Abir U. Igamberdiev","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2501392375014866,"gpt":0.3576934990766235,"spread":0.1075542615751369,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009398614,0.0005589229,0.0009849075,0.0003366682,0.0008835328,0.00003685077,0.0003887369,0.0007197508,0.000218852],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002063385,0.0005424038,0.0001058851,0.00005291013,0.007753018,0.0001382753,0.0002196203,0.002708258,0.0001509124],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000189206,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040694,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002398238,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005947207,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971445,0.00009335762,0.0008694896,0.001002303,0.000585644,0.0003046824],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982048,0.000790153,0.0003835867,0.0002732943,0.0002379555,0.0001102583],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001647619,0.00004628946,0.000007878063,0.0009480614,0.00009250645,0.00009713993,0.02383701,0.0000188314,0.000001838939,0.9743146,0.0004069086,0.00006420425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004711658,0.0001402497,0.00001059154,0.0003916679,0.00003475901,0.000015501,0.0004411883,0.000006922834,0.000001174992,0.9322112,0.06577083,0.0005048009],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00005513267,0.003457572,0.000001572329,0.04867363,0.0008646315,0.0005225462,0.0001240123,0.00005637808,0.9462445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9615369,0.002133748,0.00005835202,0.01038637,0.003368171,0.0001669274,0.0001484929,0.00006411032,0.02213694],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9614818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997028,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2884125500","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-91277-6_3","title":"What is not Said: Metaphor and the Deflationary Account","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Language, Metaphor, and Cognition","field":"Psychology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Metaphor; Literal and figurative language; Deflation; Meaning (existential); Literal (mathematical logic); Linguistics; Epistemology; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Chris Genovesi","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.103335739549896,"gpt":0.3636232572520838,"spread":0.2602875177021878,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001889253,0.0004774668,0.0008152899,0.0001964648,0.0006485659,0.00004975602,0.0001948776,0.001266202,0.0007371418],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000111616,0.0003397466,0.0001222308,0.00005775461,0.005309755,0.00009717602,0.0002479582,0.001609884,0.0002113738],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005852562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001051006,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001305831,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008155033,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975892,0.0002692348,0.0006764586,0.0007908215,0.0004164581,0.0002578725],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9954554,0.003423254,0.0003763485,0.0003919059,0.0003023196,0.00005071794],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000939801,0.00002368076,0.00000651886,0.0001546682,0.000986505,0.00002562389,0.01902797,4.523965e-7,0.000002811869,0.9759281,0.001941013,0.0009628746],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001841706,0.0000733409,0.0001470579,0.0001533977,0.000332278,0.0001132053,0.002217152,0.000004343274,0.000005701412,0.9694988,0.02525107,0.0003619056],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.000649309,0.07887889,0.00006897155,0.03713901,0.004106813,0.001462146,0.0001871688,0.00005532397,0.8774524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6106245,0.08515552,0.000821179,0.08112848,0.00692178,0.001244009,0.0007552056,0.0002170576,0.2131323],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6643201,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999055,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2990335875","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-34503-7_4","title":"The Benefits to Inquiry Argument","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University of Edmonton","funders":"","keywords":"Argument (complex analysis); Epistemology; Context (archaeology); Face (sociological concept); Focus (optics); Psychology; Empirical research; Sociology; Philosophy; Social science","authors":[{"name":"Kirk Lougheed","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2353278479388284,"gpt":0.3519613905553805,"spread":0.1166335426165521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001885643,0.0005678953,0.000901226,0.0001782457,0.001566299,0.00006922925,0.0003663116,0.000894527,0.00006540577],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002282469,0.0004258743,0.0001473725,0.0000240515,0.005446104,0.00004626423,0.0004318222,0.002633601,0.000318883],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001396849,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000329274,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001264254,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001404311,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973635,0.0001463831,0.0008387762,0.000743767,0.0005016352,0.0004059501],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9943468,0.004241615,0.0003660954,0.0005012729,0.0004579857,0.00008624723],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001100316,0.00002254726,0.000005050107,0.0003765118,0.0004256831,0.000008001698,0.03117317,0.00005502163,0.000001171584,0.9644254,0.002887759,0.0005095885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000248379,0.0001114169,0.00001224178,0.0001988927,0.00006351114,0.000006357662,0.001127264,0.000001469385,0.000001721655,0.63144,0.366464,0.0003248102],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001102757,0.01424715,0.00001072641,0.03759642,0.006377635,0.001106726,0.0001303586,0.00004880365,0.9403719],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1770289,0.0283365,0.0003627928,0.03304199,0.01371448,0.00055796,0.0003578746,0.0002550279,0.7463445],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3635762,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998193,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2602358397","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-52515-0_1","title":"What Is Good Design?","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"University-Industry-Government Innovation Models","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Simplicity; CLARITY; Criticism; Form of the Good; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Aesthetics; Political science; Epistemology; Law; Art; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Cameron Shelley","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1657229545071369,"gpt":0.3211855394308829,"spread":0.155462584923746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001045422,0.0004482216,0.00059847,0.0003260587,0.0009896889,0.000179075,0.0003660079,0.001685326,0.0001640203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001048904,0.0004637301,0.00006973926,0.00004908906,0.001276146,0.0006578276,0.0006324676,0.002358298,0.0001505219],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001567185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001261972,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008754794,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002814788,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980742,0.00001915429,0.0004739934,0.0006412718,0.0005531936,0.0002382407],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979612,0.0005128877,0.0007467642,0.0003936637,0.0003714116,0.00001406927],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008075937,0.00002170619,0.00007600509,0.0003641336,0.0002670231,0.00003616827,0.0003076738,0.00005807134,0.000003795942,0.9959649,0.002573929,0.0002458431],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005822818,0.00001357618,0.00004807923,0.0003549827,0.0001037648,0.000005368116,0.0001815494,0.00008063902,0.000003302764,0.8929967,0.1052094,0.0004203893],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00004365851,0.001205024,0.0004140676,0.03739943,0.001549471,0.0006694722,0.0000213433,0.00005356421,0.958644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3609238,0.01020146,0.002057719,0.07663537,0.01053057,0.0001439829,0.0005103184,0.0002584395,0.5387384],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4199056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999433,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2991357184","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-34503-7_5","title":"Objections to the Benefits to Inquiry Argument","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University of Edmonton","funders":"","keywords":"Argument (complex analysis); Epistemology; Rationality; Philosophy; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Kirk Lougheed","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2433386525207797,"gpt":0.3552592424876359,"spread":0.1119205899668561,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001469615,0.0005438772,0.0008697693,0.0002934754,0.001322327,0.00005541258,0.0003469477,0.0007621434,0.0001205104],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002243802,0.0004212046,0.0001460097,0.00004512731,0.002624849,0.00004443154,0.0004586422,0.002433679,0.0006076556],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001598151,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003171177,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003073934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00351319,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974907,0.0001408298,0.0007442191,0.0007912194,0.0004648569,0.0003681672],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963405,0.002300804,0.0002547547,0.0005248145,0.000473065,0.0001061371],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007522376,0.00003042573,0.000004701547,0.0002797453,0.0003656371,0.000005106506,0.06107827,0.0003565985,0.000001616588,0.9321579,0.005390895,0.0002539231],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002117508,0.0001624462,0.00002527737,0.0002207191,0.00008882672,0.000009332633,0.001820805,0.000001520261,0.00000222814,0.5735224,0.4235668,0.0003678213],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001545867,0.004600299,0.00005108644,0.07820649,0.007313343,0.001679364,0.0002637021,0.00005965656,0.9076715],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2782264,0.006307096,0.0007056298,0.08243138,0.01757924,0.001009935,0.0003908654,0.0002474335,0.613102],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4181759,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999778,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3108540206","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-62757-7_16","title":"Structures and Complex Systems","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Chaos, Complexity, and Education","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Joseph E. Brenner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Abir U. Igamberdiev","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2501875900922117,"gpt":0.3634372194761347,"spread":0.113249629383923,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004833592,0.0003708582,0.0006564971,0.0001579004,0.0004843109,0.00006551955,0.0003404607,0.000581446,0.00000710264],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009519202,0.0003507018,0.00004356409,0.00006020102,0.00137657,0.00006161105,0.0005609028,0.001195781,0.00001293516],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008536958,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002061284,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001205116,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003297328,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981239,0.00009054659,0.0005085641,0.0007523947,0.0003332612,0.0001913317],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980884,0.001097001,0.0002525095,0.0003047236,0.000168566,0.00008878206],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001943872,0.000007741151,0.00001547894,0.0006420159,0.0001221639,0.0000124108,0.003297371,0.00004234997,0.00000460758,0.9945108,0.001104188,0.0002214376],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002737329,0.00005842371,0.0003404416,0.0001005599,0.00002285603,0.00008242985,0.0001421323,0.0006718797,7.535953e-7,0.9852164,0.01276467,0.0003256722],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001097171,0.03743961,0.01289813,0.09114062,0.008048145,0.001959143,0.0001193326,0.0002877871,0.8479975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9571707,0.008313406,0.01282148,0.008416164,0.003997821,0.0001549278,0.0002941552,0.00007638368,0.008755021],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9570609,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998945,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2967973863","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-34503-7_6","title":"Disagreement and Change of View","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University of Edmonton","funders":"","keywords":"Argument (complex analysis); Epistemology; Humility; Scope (computer science); Irrational number; Worry; Context (archaeology); License; Philosophy; Psychology; Sociology; Political science; Computer science; Law; Mathematics; Theology; History","authors":[{"name":"Kirk Lougheed","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.306624217954912,"gpt":0.3563655715107863,"spread":0.04974135355587428,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001080663,0.0004388016,0.001120363,0.0001732469,0.0003570641,0.00001503497,0.0001471271,0.0007413306,0.0001041124],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007475442,0.0003835381,0.0001003471,0.00001460869,0.006079757,0.00005676557,0.0002745779,0.001519094,0.00002861103],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004884248,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001400322,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003043073,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008203164,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980682,0.0001076211,0.000727438,0.0005481622,0.0003257073,0.0002228593],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972436,0.001678553,0.0004629681,0.000279745,0.0002873907,0.00004768939],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005751793,0.00003122501,0.00003351659,0.002849633,0.0003849528,0.000006919898,0.03276327,7.582971e-7,0.000002303723,0.9631855,0.0002329162,0.0004514844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004436689,0.0001600161,0.0000581542,0.0005817406,0.0001436673,0.000005080641,0.0007704906,0.000002018228,0.00000207949,0.896579,0.1009086,0.0003455026],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001727829,0.03651852,0.000006819264,0.01194154,0.001880563,0.001043194,0.0002472428,0.00002515868,0.9481642],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6333039,0.1039306,0.0004838866,0.01632187,0.006810396,0.0003917201,0.0005386253,0.0002033155,0.2380157],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7101485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998617,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4245212875","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-62757-7_14","title":"Anti-philosophy","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Pragmatism in Philosophy and Education","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Joseph E. Brenner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Abir U. Igamberdiev","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.191771995852497,"gpt":0.3319783400696231,"spread":0.140206344217126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006194354,0.0006422056,0.001051005,0.0002794919,0.001005793,0.00005766019,0.0002930711,0.0008755511,0.0003885628],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001803592,0.0006179688,0.0001404543,0.00003449655,0.004150768,0.0001168837,0.0002760298,0.002573674,0.000324843],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001182407,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002650052,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006976461,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000550674,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974187,0.0001015774,0.0008973181,0.0008317665,0.0004561648,0.0002944664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975939,0.001265948,0.0004442286,0.0003312482,0.0002546159,0.0001100461],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007499702,0.00003948422,0.000005027735,0.0009797369,0.0003687134,0.00003524056,0.01747973,0.000008783214,0.000002381778,0.9782792,0.002572732,0.0001539581],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003706077,0.00009335009,0.00001058738,0.0003612268,0.0001012405,0.00001965769,0.0003021253,0.000007861581,0.00000221175,0.898362,0.09982825,0.000540885],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002197935,0.006295894,0.00001015229,0.06145677,0.002452968,0.0005446878,0.0001934307,0.00009114572,0.928933],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9117964,0.00720636,0.0003763696,0.01531617,0.01279853,0.0002308718,0.0007169563,0.0001562811,0.05140209],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9117744,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997274,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4234341996","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-62757-7_13","title":"Natural Philosophy","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Philosophy and Theoretical Science","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Epistemology; Naturalization; Philosophy of computer science; Dialectic; Western philosophy; Natural (archaeology); Philosophy; Relation (database); Sociology; Computer science; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Joseph E. Brenner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Abir U. Igamberdiev","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1388765034251706,"gpt":0.3774214068162361,"spread":0.2385449033910655,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009858474,0.0006920204,0.001080122,0.0002182852,0.00052922,0.00001902384,0.0005012606,0.001537408,0.0003315619],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003129851,0.0006198166,0.0001723975,0.0001336688,0.006881419,0.00005191313,0.0004874719,0.004318258,0.0005651308],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001216195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001559598,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003193429,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001089674,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965928,0.0001994165,0.0008554736,0.001320183,0.0005773755,0.0004547924],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962671,0.002586423,0.0003476782,0.0004459206,0.0001682216,0.000184601],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003820306,0.00004329814,0.000005721497,0.000266777,0.0003980487,0.0002208326,0.00206183,0.000003074188,0.00001092283,0.9957693,0.000559139,0.0002790241],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007071976,0.0001639014,0.00005577676,0.0001996243,0.00007847176,0.00008709661,0.00006266614,0.000006847616,0.000003182093,0.9863219,0.01170858,0.000604743],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001456529,0.009342,0.00003123556,0.05036615,0.002380689,0.0005459049,0.00009797512,0.0000840408,0.9371374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9614493,0.001254221,0.0003476739,0.01421193,0.002948706,0.0001416708,0.0001312954,0.00007735196,0.01943782],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9614348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997588,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404548092","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-69300-7_27","title":"Verbal Irony: Towards a Situational, Model-Based Account","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Language, Metaphor, and Cognition","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Irony; Situational ethics; Psychology; Social psychology; Linguistics; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Cameron Shelley","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1232385347943852,"gpt":0.3765963708885571,"spread":0.253357836094172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009766915,0.0005685058,0.000763467,0.0003501965,0.0003376641,0.00002767722,0.0002049938,0.001663538,0.0003954547],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008470699,0.000522088,0.0001687388,0.00007964874,0.001631409,0.00003754352,0.0001666561,0.002329284,0.0004038541],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002153796,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004987143,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001192972,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008471157,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973688,0.00009182254,0.0007099392,0.0009578422,0.0005558414,0.0003157263],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980468,0.001023979,0.0002393317,0.0003483866,0.000271148,0.00007032622],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000330817,0.00006460431,0.000002255446,0.0005245754,0.0006450294,0.0001142313,0.004241223,0.0002685361,0.000006298656,0.991729,0.001560916,0.0005125698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009029626,0.00009136229,0.00002286054,0.0002474214,0.0002875961,0.00004011671,0.0003025961,0.0003604768,0.000003372617,0.9887829,0.008450435,0.0005079458],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00009679917,0.01605798,0.0009425359,0.009225026,0.002007176,0.0006606804,0.0004006451,0.00009807342,0.9705111],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8201715,0.002278588,0.001197221,0.01271666,0.002992871,0.0008922959,0.001660947,0.0001881086,0.1579019],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8200747,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999724,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3107922395","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-62757-7_7","title":"Mathematics in Reality","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Mathematics education; Computer science; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Joseph E. Brenner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Abir U. Igamberdiev","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1975503090476292,"gpt":0.3601609591563455,"spread":0.1626106501087163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001783279,0.0004777601,0.001030217,0.0002147569,0.0002208496,0.00003125041,0.0006889527,0.0009848656,0.000008771028],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004021976,0.0004609667,0.00009019244,0.0001483654,0.00147951,0.00006544002,0.001358348,0.002490835,0.00003515199],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002312089,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003233401,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006736716,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001305946,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970231,0.0001527021,0.0009850555,0.001048657,0.0005143731,0.0002761162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9956285,0.003194385,0.0003312689,0.0005791461,0.0001855111,0.00008118222],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000161391,0.00005051696,0.00001803417,0.0006492533,0.00007891876,0.00008625471,0.002888834,0.0001303382,0.000001677043,0.9953985,0.0001190187,0.0005625404],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003757243,0.00007232332,0.0001215221,0.0001568018,0.00001448984,0.00004201129,0.00003822047,0.002156275,0.000002234696,0.9944724,0.002155197,0.0003927459],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002044969,0.003933598,0.03085537,0.08005638,0.001363657,0.001383333,0.00005589439,0.000191819,0.8821395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5768723,0.012188,0.3632567,0.02434511,0.004757812,0.000824101,0.0003426299,0.0002959472,0.01711739],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8650221,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998105,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2991162242","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-34503-7_2","title":"An Analysis of Ideal Cases of Disagreement","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University of Edmonton","funders":"","keywords":"Simple (philosophy); Ideal (ethics); Epistemology; Order (exchange); Carry (investment); Psychology; Philosophy; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Kirk Lougheed","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1935728466418004,"gpt":0.3669849949693058,"spread":0.1734121483275054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001306315,0.000417508,0.001705553,0.0005304543,0.0002731256,0.00001050571,0.0002363366,0.0007337237,0.0001831266],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001222866,0.0003718712,0.0002657873,0.00005100187,0.006324281,0.00005411352,0.0001501202,0.001197836,0.000008171134],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006281135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002678849,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001165795,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003783511,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974823,0.0001676273,0.001119916,0.0005624315,0.0004602408,0.0002074621],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9950686,0.003006418,0.0008474585,0.0004547836,0.0005738122,0.00004900145],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001419453,0.00009119674,0.0002072257,0.001187542,0.003387721,0.00001203298,0.02082174,0.0001971256,0.00001212809,0.9737928,0.00006961035,0.00007892466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005008725,0.0004361426,0.0002465848,0.0002509255,0.002143114,0.000005356456,0.002661548,0.00004681167,0.00001468713,0.9836749,0.009553943,0.000465125],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.003334048,0.007754204,0.00004524153,0.002366848,0.001560569,0.0008073674,0.001244797,0.00002944041,0.9828575],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9757649,0.002744961,0.0001614488,0.0007714668,0.0006461299,0.00002904507,0.0005344222,0.0000382784,0.01930931],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9724309,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998733,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3107020362","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-62757-7_19","title":"Social Systems: The Global Sustainable Information Society. Ecology","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Complex Systems and Decision Making","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Relation (database); Environmental ethics; Sociology; Epistemology; Ecology; Social science; Computer science; Philosophy; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Joseph E. Brenner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Abir U. Igamberdiev","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2559334459124464,"gpt":0.4298891608227338,"spread":0.1739557149102874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005585452,0.000447503,0.001147856,0.0001612635,0.001811865,0.0002391734,0.0007105306,0.001240704,0.00004139208],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001951049,0.0003033248,0.0002439175,0.0002762676,0.002159648,0.0001791152,0.001107562,0.001710485,0.0002102984],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003962056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006050629,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001609454,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006509497,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9951297,0.0003563719,0.001846952,0.0006915316,0.001613196,0.0003622699],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9899925,0.007275758,0.001095862,0.0003871596,0.001176125,0.00007260119],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008811976,0.000006222696,0.00005398996,0.0002131414,0.0001739444,0.00001954562,0.003231329,0.00023752,9.773509e-8,0.9642584,0.03156543,0.0001522751],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003443465,0.00004380066,0.0001558828,0.00003856953,0.00002935972,0.00006009911,0.00395002,0.0002538954,2.865277e-8,0.7750828,0.2198174,0.0002238342],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000262796,0.00672876,0.001405854,0.04224519,0.001682299,0.001369957,0.0001382089,0.00005631776,0.9463471],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9411979,0.0004952176,0.0003242437,0.01070366,0.002735986,0.0002550223,0.00007026382,0.00003730121,0.04418039],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9411716,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999419,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4245886608","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-52515-0_9","title":"Social Spaces","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Urban Planning and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Social justice; Gentrification; Sociology; Economic Justice; Theme (computing); Political science; Social science; Law; Economic growth; Computer science; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Cameron Shelley","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.217460178513686,"gpt":0.4181462141600426,"spread":0.2006860356463566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001338274,0.0002599192,0.0005295164,0.00007667108,0.002649881,0.0000420191,0.0002651028,0.001226566,0.00002717961],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004612149,0.0002597523,0.00006684917,0.00001547628,0.005771174,0.00004509839,0.0001497669,0.00154525,0.0000404964],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001325402,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000444126,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000957193,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00161627,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984577,0.00009927466,0.0002975549,0.0004302258,0.0004690472,0.0002462449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980024,0.001225282,0.0004191911,0.000157224,0.000149103,0.00004678173],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004245967,0.000008078972,0.00008250607,0.0001073294,0.0001260426,0.00002866233,0.01530932,0.000001432362,4.670117e-7,0.9765013,0.007613535,0.0001789018],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001658202,0.00001469543,0.0001281702,0.0001121302,0.00002520627,0.000002269772,0.0002235425,3.559835e-7,2.379725e-7,0.6875675,0.3115608,0.0001992348],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00003044189,0.004905707,0.000004261879,0.04181511,0.0007228022,0.0002214195,0.00005073659,0.00003172862,0.9522178],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.372825,0.01078929,0.0002296578,0.002118666,0.005172468,0.00006000484,0.00006206805,0.00004299187,0.6086999],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3727945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999855,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4232231877","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-62757-7_3","title":"Logic in Reality","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Epistemology; Philosophical logic; Philosophy; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Joseph E. Brenner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Abir U. Igamberdiev","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1907430972970214,"gpt":0.3586716537357434,"spread":0.167928556438722,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001210213,0.0004117966,0.0008171297,0.0001803086,0.0002657464,0.00002478948,0.0005388155,0.001061341,0.00001050569],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003258457,0.0003674952,0.00008036661,0.0001149112,0.001324176,0.00006005582,0.0007998714,0.002270587,0.0000642136],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001524044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003127487,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006874741,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001955733,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976839,0.0001571954,0.0006385383,0.0009316208,0.000325601,0.0002631645],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975187,0.001629021,0.0002591368,0.0003667811,0.000149925,0.00007645108],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003491903,0.00002442853,0.00003973555,0.0002893825,0.00007297116,0.00011897,0.002069806,0.00002431155,0.000002000621,0.9966384,0.0003925195,0.0002925858],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004391601,0.0000793537,0.0001778482,0.0001238849,0.00001294682,0.00003070424,0.00002564036,0.0001531546,0.00000223894,0.9898821,0.008721774,0.0003511577],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.000004611753,0.005742053,0.002610835,0.03284852,0.000741665,0.0004242395,0.00001640543,0.00007433658,0.9575374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.918952,0.01573523,0.01182442,0.01973462,0.002625948,0.0003110757,0.0001962,0.00009245175,0.03052807],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9270093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998777,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4233892472","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-52515-0_10","title":"Risk","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Risk Perception and Management","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Risk analysis (engineering); Equity (law); Individualism; Collectivism; Actuarial science; Value (mathematics); Management science; Computer science; Engineering; Economics; Business; Political science; Law","authors":[{"name":"Cameron Shelley","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1849673278683588,"gpt":0.4199952442462918,"spread":0.235027916377933,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00219284,0.000248525,0.0004544699,0.0001411259,0.002293579,0.00003479453,0.0002571628,0.0009393383,0.0001713605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004292054,0.0002412512,0.00007286778,0.00001455907,0.004816349,0.00004350132,0.0002315936,0.001460387,0.0001433625],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000152748,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002336103,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001155989,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003485284,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983934,0.000160249,0.0003534638,0.0004553995,0.0004239904,0.0002134676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983186,0.0008305603,0.000365386,0.0002708559,0.000149775,0.00006478343],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002832711,0.0000105784,0.00003744329,0.00008339682,0.0001409745,0.0000129392,0.009994874,0.000006805711,2.173101e-7,0.9860328,0.002194651,0.001456934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001744285,0.00001472371,0.0001433483,0.00005894556,0.00003714228,8.745412e-7,0.0003705707,9.49992e-7,6.200549e-8,0.6402938,0.3587426,0.0001625031],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001204105,0.001926307,0.00003782493,0.02053987,0.0009945171,0.0004559286,0.00003185939,0.00003742315,0.9759642],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1620892,0.1619309,0.0007588963,0.003523051,0.002883763,0.0001437162,0.00007812688,0.00004822423,0.6685442],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.356548,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990053,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W87614821","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-37428-9_33","title":"Models and Ideology in Design","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Design Education and Practice","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Ideology; Sociology; Computer science; Political science; Law; Politics","authors":[{"name":"Cameron Shelley","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2152891130454176,"gpt":0.3478702674998234,"spread":0.1325811544544059,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008578359,0.0003039029,0.0005004884,0.0002380989,0.0001101897,0.00001169901,0.00008741205,0.0009414355,0.00006060667],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001091126,0.0003112375,0.00002084732,0.00003910644,0.0007823362,0.00008051141,0.00007102043,0.001641581,0.00004547557],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008429848,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001023605,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005189213,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003732139,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987924,0.000105151,0.0004471822,0.0003402946,0.0001321864,0.0001827618],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967784,0.002860271,0.00009040828,0.0001459292,0.0000782383,0.00004678093],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003349008,0.000009013709,0.000005050904,0.0003057486,0.0001096206,0.00001204427,0.001701699,0.005126687,0.000008242396,0.9914176,0.0008803507,0.0003904546],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003232898,0.0000283256,0.00004055114,0.00009176576,0.0000253261,0.00004808995,0.00007908145,0.001852253,0.000002785024,0.9916761,0.005550066,0.0002823596],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00004546977,0.01739429,0.004196391,0.007672918,0.0008784519,0.0007425589,0.00001230386,0.00006658425,0.968991],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8681839,0.07026543,0.01493417,0.005735648,0.0009721245,0.0006929513,0.0001097225,0.0001811683,0.03892491],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9300661,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999934,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3110600976","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-62757-7_9","title":"Semiotics and Semiosis: The Units and Dialectics of Meaning","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics","topic":"Pragmatism in Philosophy and Education","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Semiosis; Semiotics; Dialectic; Meaning (existential); Linguistics; Sociology; Communication; Philosophy; Epistemology","authors":[{"name":"Joseph E. Brenner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Abir U. Igamberdiev","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1980135061405789,"gpt":0.3189523273844632,"spread":0.1209388212438843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006368964,0.0002929193,0.0005284256,0.00009680363,0.0007131565,0.00002973298,0.0001081859,0.0003793067,0.00001623095],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003618589,0.0002297157,0.00002793009,0.00002885055,0.003915762,0.00004770113,0.0002169827,0.001271719,0.000002487877],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002875227,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001380461,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007613761,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001195204,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987216,0.00009702559,0.0005077479,0.000333877,0.0002104899,0.0001292594],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996602,0.002656022,0.0003208109,0.0001466222,0.0002305854,0.00004398791],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003979241,0.000008929447,0.00001552001,0.0007804781,0.0002426518,0.00000291304,0.05485383,0.000005633434,0.000002825997,0.943565,0.0003333304,0.0001490944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002154031,0.00007697029,0.00002027154,0.0003211679,0.0001560944,0.00001807921,0.001804798,0.00002697462,0.000004565295,0.9856756,0.01146192,0.0002181982],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002874997,0.01511898,0.00001415808,0.03757751,0.000941681,0.0005085865,0.0001507332,0.00002760894,0.9453732],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9801432,0.01172,0.0001467165,0.002669176,0.001405893,0.00003246382,0.00005881389,0.00003335053,0.00379032],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9798558,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998795,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}