{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":19,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":19,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"1f49a02cfdc7","filters":{"venue":"Survey Review"}},"results":[{"id":"W1994861759","doi":"10.1179/003962611x12894696204821","title":"TSILHQOT'IN NATION v. BRITISH COLUMBIA","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Survey Review","topic":"Multicultural Socio-Legal Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Gazi Üniversitesi","keywords":"Statutory law; Jurisprudence; Law; Common law; Order (exchange); Political science; High Court; Foundation (evidence); Sociology; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Oliver W. MacLaren","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael Barry","is_ca":true},{"name":"K. Sangster","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1741307909466114,"gpt":0.3510488529002058,"spread":0.1769180619535945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00339677,0.00005563455,0.0002557286,0.000006297956,0.000299908,0.00008449746,0.0001826408,0.00005368874,0.002081001],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002494467,0.00007217524,0.00006149393,0.0004020364,0.0001351655,0.0001738962,0.00003647389,0.00008970393,0.0001693709],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001196129,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004495623,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8043751,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9605914,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980108,0.001082013,0.000246528,0.0001770628,0.0002498572,0.0002337743],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994698,0.0001222023,0.00008469247,0.00008573598,0.0001762841,0.00006128471],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001668369,0.00008418491,0.808731,0.0003842089,0.00002130033,0.00001048095,0.004654162,1.678268e-8,9.199959e-7,0.0002723665,0.08204301,0.1037967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006771146,0.000006237968,0.8575646,0.0006704563,0.000007183944,3.245605e-7,0.0001524257,1.384082e-7,1.922129e-7,0.0001406214,0.1412871,0.0001029263],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2591408,0.4447568,0.000007701702,0.001646572,0.001570307,0.003307127,0.0000732761,0.0002649578,0.2892325],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6566021,0.3327386,0.0002324534,0.0007942683,0.0001224304,0.0001061969,0.0000248324,0.00001279118,0.009366274],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3974613,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988312,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998792492","doi":"10.1179/003962609x451681","title":"Space resection in photogrammetry using collinearity condition without linearisation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Survey Review","topic":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Photogrammetry; Collinearity; Nonlinear system; Redundancy (engineering); Geomatics; Computer science; Algorithm; Least-squares function approximation; Position (finance); Process (computing); Mathematical optimization; Software; Mathematics; Computer vision; Geography; Geometry; Remote sensing","authors":[{"name":"Said M. Easa","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0827818678307792,"gpt":0.328896397752642,"spread":0.2461145299218628,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002941903,0.0001166774,0.0002628735,0.00004937198,0.0001017368,0.00004534009,0.00008073208,0.00007054716,0.0003723375],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003939932,0.00009444638,0.00004858744,0.0007557365,0.00002518589,0.0002023111,0.000002503702,0.0001862838,0.00009760601],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001405096,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004498609,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01865893,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03764643,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981689,0.00093388,0.0002806652,0.0002189125,0.0001928744,0.0002047562],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995043,0.0001055338,0.0001018191,0.0001408051,0.00007943036,0.00006812697],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003489051,0.00002127797,0.9557,0.0001756824,0.000003340577,0.00000350722,0.00002329822,0.0001885435,0.00005642762,0.000001560399,0.0003626079,0.04342888],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001486295,0.0001114312,0.9920477,0.0006462252,0.000008541093,0.000008667987,0.00001152562,0.005575293,0.00004564313,0.00005541405,0.001200177,0.0001406969],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9759041,0.02153541,0.0002434161,0.0001359688,0.0002152159,0.0004747511,0.00007986894,0.00005117264,0.001360066],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905149,0.007857426,0.0003905038,0.0003731214,0.00004919701,7.113775e-7,0.0007035568,0.000002239154,0.0001082942],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04328818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9878759,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888012358","doi":"10.1080/00396265.2018.1501130","title":"Fit-for-purpose land administration – administration that suits local circumstances or management bumper sticker?","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Survey Review","topic":"Land Rights and Reforms","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Administration (probate law); Land administration; Geography; Cartography; Political science; Law","authors":[{"name":"Michael Barry","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1023581318331708,"gpt":0.3157786437004584,"spread":0.2134205118672876,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008146271,0.0001508816,0.0002443246,0.000005797432,0.0002429921,0.00007117111,0.0001779248,0.00007037984,0.0005881854],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002457167,0.00002845626,0.0000781362,0.0002020399,0.00009514411,0.0001292157,0.00002337702,0.00004563204,0.00007721398],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001715535,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002291695,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006146805,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01191692,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989008,0.0001146826,0.0002659617,0.0002840304,0.0002036797,0.0002307865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994861,0.0001132613,0.0001159552,0.00007875383,0.0001145908,0.00009134992],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003195989,0.0001796792,0.0150475,0.001202852,0.00006894677,0.00001742945,0.0000229744,1.157379e-7,0.00006094694,0.0004163657,0.006795608,0.975868],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002291048,0.001287988,0.2393638,0.0009501272,0.00006996435,0.0000212355,0.00003850464,0.00001657487,0.0003718395,0.0002469766,0.7570866,0.0003172792],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8964958,0.05154005,0.001842829,0.01784057,0.004834006,0.01287197,0.002239038,0.0006065863,0.01172913],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9638341,0.02758142,0.00006923833,0.0005833111,0.0003900843,0.00006451407,0.0006551065,0.000001736164,0.006820467],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9755507,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.664992,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065048461","doi":"10.1179/1752270613y.0000000084","title":"Galileo IOV RTK positioning: standalone and combined with GPS","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Survey Review","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Australian Research Council; Alzheimer Society Research Program","keywords":"Galileo (satellite navigation); Ambiguity resolution; Global Positioning System; GNSS applications; Constellation; Pseudorange; Geodesy; Computer science; Precise Point Positioning; Real Time Kinematic; Remote sensing; Satellite; Orbit (dynamics); Kinematics; Geography; Real-time computing; Telecommunications; Physics; Aerospace engineering; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Dennis Odijk","is_ca":false},{"name":"P. J. G. Teunissen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amir Khodabandeh","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01516950375145059,"gpt":0.217367334280016,"spread":0.2021978305285654,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002774647,0.0001250047,0.0002412106,0.00002116926,0.0000484358,0.00006246678,0.00006835232,0.00002760244,0.0002741965],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003566087,0.00009739546,0.00001997077,0.00013685,0.00003246699,0.000133972,0.00001236068,0.0001072234,0.0001558918],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001829898,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008760676,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001402276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004588306,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993649,0.00009417742,0.0001692329,0.0001240378,0.00009415981,0.0001535039],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995618,0.00005887945,0.00002530304,0.0001713796,0.0001063178,0.00007626612],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002015012,0.0005067193,0.1996407,0.04091129,0.001422959,0.00004783415,0.00115962,0.0008460549,0.004847035,0.007997558,0.6239469,0.1184719],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001536743,0.001268584,0.9448763,0.02828216,0.0001849636,0.0001708745,0.00002509447,0.003186516,0.001223091,0.0004558518,0.01729574,0.001494092],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6101025,0.3139553,0.005876612,0.001007317,0.0004806056,0.002109847,0.0001351548,0.00108937,0.06524326],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.983197,0.01596769,0.0002663277,0.0001885817,0.00001199088,0.00005243692,0.00007001405,0.00002077994,0.0002251411],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7452356,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3971672,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3108685928","doi":"10.1080/00396265.2020.1846361","title":"Real-time GNSS precise point positioning using improved robust adaptive Kalman filter","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Survey Review","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Precise Point Positioning; Pseudorange; Global Positioning System; Extended Kalman filter; GNSS applications; Computer science; Kalman filter; Outlier; Kinematics; Real-time computing; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications","authors":[{"name":"Abdelsatar Elmezayen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ahmed El‐Rabbany","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07044461241264545,"gpt":0.2616410162540456,"spread":0.1911964038414001,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004657098,0.000224054,0.0004156831,0.0000277593,0.00007775467,0.00005466204,0.000242362,0.00005959403,0.0003911461],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002002887,0.0002186364,0.0001111628,0.0002702326,0.0000245722,0.0002205707,0.00007405721,0.0002159458,0.0003023371],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007806128,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002539012,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000174898,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001027129,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987007,0.0002495036,0.0003884682,0.0002727016,0.0001192754,0.000269362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992451,0.00009101327,0.00007106685,0.0003152566,0.0001244855,0.0001530472],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005449023,0.0004813649,0.003622735,0.03396583,0.002228896,0.0001505993,0.005253752,0.1304715,0.441437,0.0007328033,0.3225685,0.05854216],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007564003,0.0005481397,0.01093997,0.02381572,0.0003520715,0.00007538561,0.00003418556,0.9526783,0.007192137,0.00007979284,0.001703212,0.001824655],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3272238,0.2654616,0.2107096,0.003631479,0.003215355,0.008623692,0.0020321,0.007688,0.1714144],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9551026,0.02287867,0.01959443,0.001122788,0.0003127182,0.00007655621,0.0004574812,0.0001858361,0.0002688714],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8222069,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8915731,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2345491614","doi":"10.1080/00396265.2015.1113027","title":"Models for positional accuracy assessment of linear features: 2D and 3D cases","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Survey Review","topic":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; McMaster University","keywords":"Computer science; Field (mathematics); Data mining; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Paula Gil de la Vega","is_ca":false},{"name":"Francisco Javier Ariza López","is_ca":false},{"name":"Antonio Tomás Mozas‐Calvache","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05982465385002747,"gpt":0.355763141424093,"spread":0.2959384875740655,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006019628,0.0000636742,0.000145499,0.00000677373,0.00005985463,0.000004675196,0.00006431101,0.00002086982,0.0001036044],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001641259,0.00003927649,0.00003830049,0.00006545469,0.0000702679,0.00007577812,0.00003638835,0.00002435282,0.00001284436],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002626987,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001494985,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000228035,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009235393,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993955,0.00009911498,0.00015267,0.0001568117,0.0001115617,0.0000843188],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990858,0.0005992249,0.00007663922,0.000175725,0.00002029145,0.00004236156],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002638792,0.0002332125,0.01808504,0.001016554,0.00005787326,0.000002187479,0.00004927569,0.0002388074,0.005164304,0.001996278,0.04662769,0.9265024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000616894,0.0001818402,0.8922944,0.002953589,0.0001134026,0.00009051229,0.000004514943,0.003295248,0.0003645162,0.002181777,0.09747192,0.0004313877],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3798541,0.1220752,0.4178804,0.01961041,0.0004925372,0.01058286,0.004673768,0.0002417078,0.04458904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9344351,0.03518401,0.02889972,0.0005899536,0.00003128337,0.00002173816,0.00008921636,0.00001497466,0.0007340183],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.926071,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1601649,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016247510","doi":"10.1179/003962608x389988","title":"Comparison and Analysis of Non-Linear Least Squares Methods for 3-D Coordinates Transformation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Survey Review","topic":"Statistical and numerical algorithms","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Curvilinear coordinates; Geodetic datum; Coordinate descent; Transformation (genetics); Mathematics; Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm; Least-squares function approximation; Set (abstract data type); Coordinate system; Applied mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Algorithm; Geodesy; Computer science; Geography; Statistics; Geometry; Artificial neural network; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Mohamed Elhabiby","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yang Gao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael G. Sideris","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.182229344863412,"gpt":0.5195766904261504,"spread":0.3373473455627384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002025112,0.0001068216,0.000927236,0.0000578387,0.00003481262,0.000007031448,0.00007125449,0.00003385497,0.00005231178],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001334595,0.00007624177,0.0001479459,0.0006281015,0.00003478803,0.00004483916,0.000006008951,0.00005267303,0.000001530452],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006381007,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007109423,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003066261,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001127765,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987783,0.0003330166,0.00054857,0.0001286582,0.00009242582,0.0001190289],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973294,0.002178561,0.0001529408,0.0001237024,0.0001588999,0.00005646881],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000298812,0.0001522352,0.001491342,0.002963303,0.0002606896,9.660106e-8,0.0001027567,0.000002646327,0.00003648409,0.003819732,0.0007191561,0.9904217],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001388098,0.0015517,0.426919,0.002804074,0.009867284,0.000003272806,0.00006854247,0.4769008,0.001432649,0.06349511,0.01462833,0.0009412192],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.001116503,0.01596157,0.9818872,0.0002566239,0.00001903712,0.0004362472,0.0001729244,0.00001528886,0.0001346356],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.08449912,0.01213768,0.902462,0.0003391601,0.0000204284,0.00004439599,0.0004137521,0.00001589038,0.00006756014],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9894804,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3109049,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968589109","doi":"10.1179/sre.2004.37.294.604","title":"ON SOME IMPROVEMENTS IN THE GEODETIC FRAMEWORK OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Survey Review","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Geodetic datum; Geography; Geodesy; Cartography; Regional science","authors":[{"name":"J. Saleh","is_ca":false},{"name":"K. Edwards","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joseph Barbaste","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. Balkaransingh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Donald Grant","is_ca":false},{"name":"John Weber","is_ca":false},{"name":"T. Leong","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04419477513064758,"gpt":0.2717425598776086,"spread":0.227547784746961,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001812341,0.00007798769,0.000192125,0.00001891419,0.00003048151,0.0000132957,0.0001534805,0.00002351017,0.00006889024],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002030965,0.00004691736,0.00003183019,0.0002021548,0.00002751318,0.00004847717,0.000005612135,0.0001088976,0.00005906885],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000001757438,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002154941,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004165313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001865883,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990792,0.0002250345,0.0001908456,0.0001298492,0.0002425686,0.0001324824],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995105,0.0001823471,0.00006664905,0.0001899006,0.00002006268,0.00003059843],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000270546,0.0001359231,0.7731239,0.001039517,0.00002183372,0.00000524945,0.0001314652,0.00006346983,0.000005996333,0.002199704,0.0001193491,0.2231265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001615938,0.0001283851,0.9685799,0.0008529364,0.000007327195,3.881619e-7,0.000003861886,0.000001854689,0.000005218724,0.02997202,0.0002303257,0.00005612089],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9634662,0.03531641,0.000004502387,0.0003132526,0.0001036646,0.000395824,0.00005742882,0.000002682172,0.0003400893],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9874201,0.01094411,0.0000357768,0.001550736,0.000008749899,0.000001634244,0.00003156428,0.000001256094,0.000006037379],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2230704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6296735,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043609624","doi":"10.1179/sre.2008.40.310.412","title":"Land Registration in Africa","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Survey Review","topic":"Land Rights and Reforms","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Land registration; Land titling; Land administration; Geography; Land tenure; Land information system; Land use; Business; Environmental planning; Environmental resource management; Land management; Economics; Agriculture; Civil engineering","authors":[{"name":"Clifford Dann","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1059661283609307,"gpt":0.2541666093509211,"spread":0.1482004809899904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004625608,0.00004470383,0.0001186415,0.00000205083,0.00005800696,0.000004560205,0.00005787761,0.00002607811,0.000174673],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002920679,0.000006205421,0.0000310159,0.0001934121,0.00001707084,0.00003925254,0.000007894961,0.00003927852,0.00004964849],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005038434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004330164,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009776212,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007226561,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995274,0.00008908198,0.0001267895,0.00008946447,0.00007105228,0.00009623662],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999857,0.00003912658,0.00003329479,0.00002559806,0.00001818282,0.00002678479],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001393157,0.0001417522,0.7640795,0.0002236652,0.000006994147,0.00004001624,0.00004798988,3.370666e-7,0.0002772214,0.00006882145,0.02537795,0.2097218],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002062199,0.00001905672,0.6532868,0.0001102255,6.834794e-7,0.000006080292,3.504889e-7,5.937811e-7,0.000003273008,0.00003745399,0.3464779,0.00003695468],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.893007,0.08432841,8.644714e-7,0.004952794,0.0001927862,0.0005677071,0.00004689168,0.00005666219,0.01684693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7559854,0.2369117,0.000008467435,0.0002671806,0.00008747805,0.000007982098,0.0001522682,3.432829e-7,0.006579128],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3211,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.403259,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2440588454","doi":"10.1080/00396265.2016.1180798","title":"Tropospheric delay modelling for the EGNOS augmentation system","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Survey Review","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Depth sounding; Troposphere; Limiting; Satellite; Remote sensing; Satellite system; Environmental science; Meteorology; Atmosphere (unit); Computer science; Global Positioning System; GNSS applications; Geodesy; Geography; Telecommunications; Aerospace engineering; Cartography; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Kamil Kaźmierski","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marcelo C. Santos","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jarosław Bosy","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05220790815344276,"gpt":0.258392922625221,"spread":0.2061850144717782,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005471563,0.00007459652,0.0001267527,0.000005176975,0.00005124771,0.00001528954,0.00009953322,0.00001811044,0.00002166752],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003310105,0.00003871158,0.00005176911,0.00006928706,0.000009151622,0.00006226956,0.000005155413,0.00002888407,0.00009061577],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000524623,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006382586,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003120367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009153422,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994943,0.00007379422,0.0001831388,0.00008227626,0.00005855539,0.0001079567],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999463,0.0002897452,0.00002836518,0.0001392686,0.00005884912,0.0000208226],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007553642,0.00007250671,0.002029584,0.03587478,0.0007509199,0.000002831195,0.0003468389,0.1640981,0.002238245,0.011697,0.1187063,0.6641073],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009851421,0.0001881603,0.002702497,0.04236312,0.0003462028,0.00003446438,0.00004781926,0.9061885,0.001770549,0.0001354095,0.04440466,0.0008335035],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.001177776,0.06889094,0.9283951,0.00007070669,0.0003299432,0.0003790576,0.0000270102,0.0001234202,0.0006060815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9687773,0.03022391,0.0005497528,0.00004818531,0.00003708327,0.0001598882,0.00001222274,0.00001820133,0.00017343],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9675996,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1578613,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2809679051","doi":"10.1080/00396265.2018.1482674","title":"Hybrid governance and land purchase strategies in a state-subsidised housing project in a rural South African town","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Survey Review","topic":"Land Rights and Reforms","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Calgary","keywords":"State (computer science); Land registration; Corporate governance; Register (sociolinguistics); Unit (ring theory); Business; Land administration; Land tenure; Economic growth; Public administration; Administration (probate law); Political science; Geography; Finance; Environmental planning; Economics; Law","authors":[{"name":"Michael Barry","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lani Roux","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03881310547438926,"gpt":0.2629689047386834,"spread":0.2241557992642941,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007443944,0.0001204423,0.0002822833,0.000007689235,0.00006650776,0.00006253084,0.0001075286,0.00002440722,0.00005170078],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003982503,0.00002358558,0.00003166187,0.0003105715,0.00009091355,0.0001370711,0.00004057441,0.0000831928,0.000004912855],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001784928,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002772481,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01080573,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05778339,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999058,0.0001636658,0.0002300228,0.0001961173,0.0001079817,0.0002441853],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997494,0.00004453519,0.00008730612,0.00004507952,0.00003013662,0.00004354047],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001803895,0.0001572289,0.4145868,0.0005157516,0.00001458977,0.00006236676,0.0007916973,6.051538e-7,0.0004236044,0.00003908909,0.0002948017,0.582933],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002853501,0.0002059511,0.9801137,0.001298736,0.000004225117,0.000006712035,0.0001226938,0.00002208895,0.00002904107,0.0002539272,0.01744097,0.0002166386],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9895366,0.009329999,3.756674e-7,0.0003349572,0.00003932857,0.0003811465,0.0001023411,0.00001436824,0.0002608254],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9746549,0.02499517,0.000007659977,0.00009146373,0.00005320572,0.00001188557,0.00003394966,8.848073e-7,0.000150843],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5827164,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9957814,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366123597","doi":"10.1080/00396265.2023.2192850","title":"Performance investigation of GLONASS in the static PPP technique with independent short measurement times using online processing services","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Survey Review","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"GLONASS; GNSS applications; Precise Point Positioning; Global Positioning System; Computer science; Geodesy; Satellite; Remote sensing; Real Time Kinematic; Orbit (dynamics); Real-time computing; Geography; Telecommunications; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Ömer YURDAKUL","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0922550902130907,"gpt":0.2910396577348951,"spread":0.1987845675218044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002026111,0.00009708505,0.0001770397,0.00005642801,0.00002894216,0.00001647074,0.0001446417,0.00002288832,0.000003100786],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002237906,0.00006478342,0.00001380369,0.0006176048,0.000020136,0.0001244486,0.00001336687,0.0001186149,0.000002887656],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000496731,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004002616,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000970761,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003109047,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990702,0.0001569332,0.0002660304,0.00009552822,0.000295421,0.0001159232],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996352,0.00002555174,0.00005916516,0.0001345997,0.0001289393,0.00001654098],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002687417,0.0001194912,0.7632511,0.1128885,0.000118358,0.000008877775,0.003112618,0.04590285,0.01319616,0.00001748442,0.0003718289,0.06098582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008515158,0.00008137765,0.8452916,0.04661412,0.00004649092,0.0000148159,0.0001044728,0.1040442,0.003429299,0.00002085125,0.00004982754,0.0002177862],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9906201,0.007979848,0.0006147787,0.00003596179,0.00002113456,0.0004701731,0.00001133307,0.00008201194,0.0001646265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959359,0.003435357,0.0004531311,0.0000488537,0.000005532877,0.0000487439,0.00005815941,0.00001215536,0.000002123709],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08204053,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2641791,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401076939","doi":"10.1080/00396265.2024.2379653","title":"Impact of the UNB topographical density model on precise geoid determination in the high mountainous region","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Survey Review","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Geoid; Geodesy; Geology; Undulation of the geoid; Geophysics; Measured depth","authors":[{"name":"Nazan Yılmaz","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06533806867326107,"gpt":0.2971458188219501,"spread":0.231807750148689,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001968453,0.00009184222,0.0001631985,0.00003250741,0.00005246969,0.00003077491,0.0002316955,0.00003155488,0.00002119443],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001237856,0.00004230384,0.0001445233,0.0005202999,0.00003592235,0.00006378825,0.000007751075,0.0001567098,0.00001830476],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007258098,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005818008,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006919785,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006348927,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985552,0.0006557303,0.0001789224,0.0001559914,0.0003260633,0.0001280561],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994003,0.0001999309,0.00005116439,0.0002740446,0.00005023891,0.00002436853],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002136033,0.00005344278,0.8640156,0.0004498686,0.00001555891,0.000006758063,0.00008610637,0.0009391234,0.00000451784,0.0001261822,0.0005443209,0.1337372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003691301,0.00006760493,0.9918993,0.0006277557,0.00001685964,0.000003687827,0.00000100738,0.005001557,0.000002523474,0.002237728,0.00005214737,0.00005293457],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9911833,0.007755837,0.0000258026,0.0002617131,0.0001127317,0.0004028033,0.00005566312,0.000005824369,0.0001962604],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956683,0.004072292,0.000006308836,0.0001657826,0.00001382214,0.000001806041,0.00004959502,0.000001779181,0.00002031694],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1336843,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996932,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3168430863","doi":"10.1080/00396265.2021.1935578","title":"Mixed geographically and temporally weighted regression for spatio-temporal deformation modelling","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Survey Review","topic":"Spatial and Panel Data Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province","keywords":"Regression; Linear regression; Regression analysis; Local regression; Mathematics; Segmented regression; Deformation (meteorology); Statistics; Polynomial regression; Geography; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"Zhijia Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wujiao Dai","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wenkun Yu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Qiang Shi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rock Santerre","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1238633631967523,"gpt":0.2660934487211692,"spread":0.1422300855244169,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001919356,0.0001349883,0.0005605515,0.00009381482,0.0001118785,0.00006245426,0.0001036469,0.00007475873,0.0001964227],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002240752,0.0001229396,0.0001542853,0.0004695114,0.00002076822,0.000237618,0.00004428474,0.0000739408,0.00004902395],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000140632,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002411765,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008521097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009435023,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998624,0.000102479,0.000731351,0.0003374241,0.00004261167,0.0001620992],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989846,0.0001094924,0.0003777983,0.0002938136,0.0001578886,0.00007634515],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000073996,0.0001510346,0.9255648,0.004892055,0.000288637,0.000007096784,0.00008622434,0.00008168865,0.000004234813,0.02122812,0.007267255,0.04035486],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001509148,0.0001471997,0.1701584,0.003343952,0.0001987254,0.00001699901,0.00001812566,0.1779466,0.00005123269,0.03148573,0.6138206,0.001303312],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1733616,0.5597221,0.2579265,0.002675031,0.0005675039,0.001208001,0.00312203,0.00008829976,0.001328958],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6385695,0.3207361,0.01891696,0.001292207,0.0001136481,0.0001169683,0.01965033,0.00004507511,0.0005592059],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7554064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5013331,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389914719","doi":"10.1080/00396265.2023.2293367","title":"Assessment of temporal variations of orthometric/normal heights at proposed International Height Reference Frame sites using GRACE/GRACE-FO","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Survey Review","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","keywords":"Reference frame; Geodesy; Frame (networking); Frame of reference; Geography; Geology; Mathematics; Computer science; Physics; Telecommunications; Classical mechanics","authors":[{"name":"Samuel Milki Yadeta","is_ca":false},{"name":"Walyeldeen Godah","is_ca":true},{"name":"Małgorzata Szelachowska","is_ca":false},{"name":"G. Fotopoulos","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1469891512731548,"gpt":0.3401918594844874,"spread":0.1932027082113326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002306733,0.0001384114,0.000396823,0.000176755,0.0001056919,0.0000212978,0.0002835892,0.00004758947,0.001050652],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002584197,0.0001076375,0.0001006,0.001500732,0.0000479109,0.0001785194,0.00004606139,0.0001145031,0.00007646418],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001270677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001437059,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003445606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003163436,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978767,0.0004204751,0.0005394588,0.0002384691,0.0007226691,0.000202201],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986315,0.0002345006,0.0004229799,0.0002517439,0.000380537,0.00007875277],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000458981,0.00004181937,0.9970189,0.0004873293,0.00005379772,0.000001668712,0.00001177288,0.0000850651,0.0001345749,0.0001121532,0.0001476243,0.001900688],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001230788,0.00005572473,0.995549,0.0004393962,0.00003300159,0.000001205574,0.000002866618,0.002136753,0.00004474859,0.0002344169,0.001261652,0.0001181707],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.988577,0.007667613,0.000195404,0.0001107143,0.0004309242,0.0005735239,0.001064564,0.00002778365,0.001352452],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920008,0.004212688,0.001463257,0.00003227507,0.00002004842,0.000001488584,0.002085678,0.000004029156,0.0001797287],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003454925,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998626,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060430314","doi":"10.1179/003962610x12572516251961","title":"NOTHING BUT BLIND PITILESS INDIFFERENCE: BOUNDARY MONUMENTS, DEFERRAL AND THE PUBLIC INTEREST","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Survey Review","topic":"American Environmental and Regional History","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Australian Government; Government of Alberta","keywords":"Deferral; Boundary (topology); Reliability (semiconductor); Contradiction; Geography; Public interest; Nothing; History; Political science; Business; Law; Philosophy; Mathematics; Accounting; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Brian Ballantyne","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stephanie J. Rogers","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04860285712244016,"gpt":0.2626296041099379,"spread":0.2140267469874977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001167471,0.0001713241,0.0002807507,0.00001489518,0.000276934,0.00003390084,0.0003761464,0.00005108758,0.002222385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001060102,0.0001013847,0.00007479393,0.0001331346,0.004481195,0.0001840495,0.0003955838,0.0004053933,0.0004856049],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008106467,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001606716,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004664744,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009522953,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986091,0.0003410433,0.0002444526,0.000306915,0.0002618823,0.0002365813],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992621,0.0001414615,0.0001393386,0.0003142379,0.000004156091,0.0001387327],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002755034,0.0005986665,0.5581262,0.0007869325,0.000155003,0.00004504462,0.004277532,6.572416e-7,0.001512981,0.00164944,0.03834047,0.3942316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008043982,0.00003827761,0.4185264,0.0002302161,0.00003863153,0.00009148964,0.0001128988,0.00002119287,0.0000107168,0.0004952365,0.5792698,0.0003607611],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9745714,0.018454,0.00003779764,0.004069071,0.0003394726,0.0004648379,0.0000224957,0.00002139365,0.002019526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9766797,0.01807996,0.00007311185,0.003430196,0.00003306437,0.00004170175,0.00003061623,0.00001564648,0.001616002],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5409293,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986897,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408019459","doi":"10.1080/00396265.2025.2470514","title":"Feasibility analysis of the Doppler index DI in ionospheric scintillation detection at High Arctic region of Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Survey Review","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Scintillation; Remote sensing; Doppler effect; Ionosphere; Interplanetary scintillation; Geography; Arctic; Index (typography); The arctic; Geodesy; Environmental science; Geology; Oceanography; Physics; Geophysics; Optics; Astronomy; Computer science; Detector","authors":[{"name":"Xiaomin Luo","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01185452581127432,"gpt":0.242294136128666,"spread":0.2304396103173917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005336154,0.0001011783,0.0004224215,0.00002047084,0.00004655688,0.000003693895,0.0001282798,0.00002735387,0.0002631187],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000645299,0.00007635921,0.0001498699,0.00212364,0.00003364474,0.00003825002,0.00006326428,0.00008451451,3.248648e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001954551,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002597648,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6621317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8645465,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987461,0.0003697365,0.0004526956,0.0001813255,0.0001344301,0.0001156988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989766,0.0001274779,0.0002988797,0.0004042302,0.0001741773,0.00001855985],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001187508,0.00002814982,0.9870465,0.0003293728,0.0001222793,5.427738e-8,0.00000582125,0.002538843,0.000006618274,0.0001838013,0.0001718736,0.009554763],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001243304,0.000005176423,0.995868,0.0003006423,0.0002165679,6.108094e-8,0.000008820474,0.002930667,0.00003625448,0.0001629626,0.0002836862,0.00006284981],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.99338,0.002499613,0.002456111,0.0001027181,0.0002086324,0.0005152028,0.00003523355,0.000003342924,0.0007991598],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991675,0.0002692536,0.000008726516,0.00004423873,0.000006265429,0.00001064574,0.00003780265,0.000004239148,0.000451298],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2024149,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3401182,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001291561","doi":"10.1179/sre.2009.41.311.103","title":"A Brief Biography of Bernard McArthur-Davis OBE, BA, FRICS","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Survey Review","topic":"Health and Conflict Studies","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Regret; Biography; Quarter (Canadian coin); History; Service (business); Art history; Archaeology; Economy","authors":[{"name":"D. D. McCormack","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1793260833701726,"gpt":0.4977472455725695,"spread":0.3184211622023969,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003797657,0.0002023354,0.000923423,0.00009993675,0.000384136,0.00000265883,0.0002266685,0.0001289675,0.0004246004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001213963,0.0001598711,0.0002165282,0.001122445,0.00005522676,0.00005484662,0.00006223195,0.0004201765,0.0002929381],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002754453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002783469,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001530493,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003512987,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962311,0.00151015,0.001087074,0.0002754434,0.0002916827,0.0006045738],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975922,0.000723306,0.0004231769,0.0005303036,0.0004861912,0.0002448498],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005117687,0.0001775789,0.5242217,0.01431915,0.00009227655,0.000006295134,0.001800367,5.672473e-8,0.00001208804,0.00100306,0.2839059,0.1744103],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001753266,0.00008353335,0.4219956,0.002948221,0.00002766672,3.327885e-7,0.0000172412,3.51004e-7,9.517553e-7,0.00003360062,0.5746232,0.00009402572],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.01641201,0.9133913,0.0001011056,0.02884737,0.0008913021,0.003164267,0.0004417781,0.0001712398,0.03657965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.06336582,0.8613605,0.0002385558,0.07296438,0.0002128248,0.0001413756,0.0001104522,0.00002982702,0.001576308],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2907172,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6519353,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098112220","doi":"10.1179/003962611x13117748892470","title":"Smooth Piecewise Algebraic Approximation as Applied to Large-Scale 2D Scattered Geodetic Data Fitting","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Survey Review","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Piecewise; Geodetic datum; Scale (ratio); Triangulation; Computation; Smoothness; Set (abstract data type); Mathematics; Algorithm; Function (biology); Geometry; Geology; Computer science; Geodesy; Mathematical analysis; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Azadeh Koohzare","is_ca":true},{"name":"Petr Vaníček","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marcelo Santos","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1267570866369006,"gpt":0.2782653653310527,"spread":0.1515082786941521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.003719816,0.0001850347,0.0003565142,0.00004119418,0.000140903,0.00004943163,0.0006945054,0.00003999282,0.001929913],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002016369,0.0001555925,0.00004628892,0.0004271131,0.00002159868,0.0001935083,0.00008001983,0.0001151959,0.003977888],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000003408319,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000485006,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003315821,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005158641,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980524,0.0002998813,0.000372337,0.0005064538,0.0003822444,0.000386712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985868,0.00006895735,0.0001463397,0.0009285845,0.0000746363,0.0001946335],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004175758,0.0001610487,0.47931,0.001734884,0.00005289597,0.000004041729,0.0004812557,0.000008573782,0.00003726512,0.00004426789,0.007585097,0.5105389],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001692748,0.00004381934,0.98653,0.0004873509,0.00004676944,0.000001338608,0.0000176989,0.000245794,0.00002333193,0.0006454978,0.01152969,0.0002594508],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8412207,0.07225509,0.003793736,0.0009898064,0.001817958,0.007782661,0.004428755,0.0003439438,0.06736736],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894683,0.001777786,0.001718936,0.002690242,0.00006402861,0.00001007228,0.004116996,0.00001106521,0.0001425132],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5102794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989824,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}