{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":190,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":1,"predictions_cover":190,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"d37dab7a07e5","filters":{"venue":"Synthese"}},"results":[{"id":"W2914342221","doi":"10.1007/s11229-019-02115-x","title":"Multiscale integration: beyond internalism and externalism","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Embodied and Extended Cognition","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":157,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Australian Research Council; Wellcome Trust; McGill University; Wellcome","keywords":"Internalism and externalism; Externalism; Epistemology; Philosophy of science; Cognitive science; Philosophy of language; Interpretation (philosophy); Psychology; Computer science; Metaphysics; Philosophy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01575511365364483,"gpt":0.2480794344552747,"spread":0.2323243208016299,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000932257,0.00009882903,0.0001006008,0.00005819854,0.00004915797,0.000070266,0.0001247282,0.00004537742,0.0004233363],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001912786,0.00008063899,0.00003458677,0.00006156301,0.00006567944,0.0002448698,0.00006104128,0.0001249541,0.0006684237],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001246485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006037204,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003671747,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000094815,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999229,0.00005835241,0.0001210236,0.0002869229,0.0001529386,0.0001517917],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995391,0.0001619477,0.00004475999,0.0001725199,0.00001829808,0.00006338135],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000734755,0.00008069641,0.001057414,0.00003059758,0.000005761769,0.00005249782,0.001696002,0.000002355236,0.6247886,0.226241,0.0003243564,0.1456473],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007282018,0.0001180141,0.001211831,0.0002196971,0.00001631569,0.0002233637,0.0004500468,0.003091556,0.7559103,0.2307998,0.006844063,0.0003867228],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7805057,0.00006250196,0.0002781431,0.0005743891,0.0005445048,0.0001622043,0.00001424472,0.00008076382,0.2177775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952613,0.00004928164,0.0002070487,0.0008322113,0.0000933553,0.00001070453,0.000001306063,0.0000123291,0.003532541],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2147555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8591457,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2566463892","doi":"10.1007/s11229-016-1307-6","title":"Network analyses in systems biology: new strategies for dealing with biological complexity","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":129,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biological network; Computer science; Systems biology; Philosophy of science; Network science; Network analysis; Complex system; Management science; Network theory; Class (philosophy); Data science; Complex network; Artificial intelligence; Epistemology; Biology; Computational biology; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1473837933806137,"gpt":0.3650359315099182,"spread":0.2176521381293045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002749738,0.0001780297,0.0003213093,0.00002870442,0.0002261558,0.0001054238,0.0003779202,0.0001750236,0.00001013847],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008990103,0.000128738,0.0001032535,0.00004076032,0.0002435465,0.000005689262,0.00009939683,0.00005945785,0.00000237496],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001117023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009191148,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007115512,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001316399,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989107,0.00007994116,0.0002091464,0.0003997832,0.00005433298,0.0003461513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989854,0.00003756912,0.0001879541,0.0006511218,0.00005358278,0.00008443734],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001351201,0.0001619229,0.4127308,0.0001040548,0.001551745,0.00002299189,0.00009613929,0.1599253,0.3663972,0.04822972,0.002469745,0.00695915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01215993,0.006795215,0.5346117,0.001332285,0.001754188,0.000192159,0.005904906,0.07752954,0.06104719,0.1651085,0.1256253,0.00793907],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9702876,0.003688321,0.02449735,0.0001560859,0.0001084007,0.0003036131,0.00001723675,0.00001816295,0.0009232802],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958879,0.00007965901,0.003254819,0.00002981782,0.0005517525,0.00003113388,0.00005810853,0.00001637326,0.00009045746],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.30535,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5249784,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3198526359","doi":"10.1007/s11229-021-03356-5","title":"From neurodiversity to neurodivergence: the role of epistemic and cognitive marginalization","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Embodied and Extended Cognition","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":102,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Fonds de Recherche du Québec-Société et Culture","keywords":"Philosophy of language; Philosophy of science; Metaphysics; Epistemology; Philosophy of mind; Cognition; Philosophy; Psychology; Cognitive science; Neuroscience","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01767691865362161,"gpt":0.2396940716936267,"spread":0.2220171530400051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006302675,0.00007320252,0.00008824073,0.00003033742,0.0001299445,0.00002414264,0.0001063996,0.00002590199,0.0001516845],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001261963,0.00006031706,0.00002855886,0.0002096976,0.00009245124,0.0001205683,0.0001418187,0.00007281669,0.00007281665],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005376255,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002103738,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007599952,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008705816,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999135,0.0001965281,0.00009508906,0.0002903826,0.000169311,0.0001136949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992814,0.0003987409,0.00004925084,0.0001377207,0.00007972341,0.00005316555],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002023193,0.0001326788,0.007689808,0.00002485361,0.00001263138,0.00009586993,0.0042368,0.00002694457,0.9177723,0.02712858,0.0001105121,0.04256671],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000168497,0.00004444489,0.006453787,0.00006493245,0.00006287464,0.00002192084,0.002436748,0.0003478955,0.8926497,0.096862,0.0007580103,0.000129176],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9781015,0.0001198209,0.0001636355,0.001217725,0.0001583323,0.0001425318,0.0002029569,0.00002732382,0.0198662],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991006,0.00008086747,0.00002607687,0.0006547773,0.00003845747,0.000004482012,0.000005418326,0.000005402811,0.00008396079],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06973343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2459658,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1975946204","doi":"10.1007/s11229-010-9773-8","title":"Is knowledge justified true belief?","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":100,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Metaphysics; Epistemology; Philosophy of language; Philosophy of science; Philosophy; Point (geometry); Philosophy of mind; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07907218540409477,"gpt":0.3028824320722048,"spread":0.2238102466681101,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003387608,0.0001472647,0.0002069522,0.00006199355,0.0002961717,0.00008515677,0.0002307716,0.0001205497,0.004077766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001855496,0.000121685,0.00012617,0.00002362838,0.0006220218,0.0001154649,0.00004676407,0.0004683607,0.002007891],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007542353,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005685848,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001991207,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00341308,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991707,0.00005340585,0.000186228,0.0002292749,0.0001041038,0.0002563109],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999014,0.0002870395,0.00006204392,0.0004143,0.0001375591,0.00008501585],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000105653,0.0001618995,0.00007173576,0.00008003983,0.00004969048,0.000004311588,0.07189951,7.156586e-8,0.003852129,0.8933037,0.01974693,0.01081943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001263614,0.0000279786,0.00009352833,0.00001909694,0.00004319898,0.000002486644,0.002373337,0.00002216545,0.003620445,0.02051681,0.9729649,0.0001897173],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2291376,0.0002486039,0.00001430342,0.002041475,0.004926424,0.0001443874,0.00007420535,0.0001501682,0.7632628],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9145532,0.00001632626,0.00009290379,0.0006013503,0.002099985,0.00001788872,0.000006529112,0.00002679726,0.08258503],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9532179,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987692,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093837890","doi":"10.1007/s11229-005-6198-x","title":"Argumentation Schemes and Enthymemes","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Winnipeg; University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Argumentation theory; Philosophy of language; Defeasible estate; Epistemology; Philosophy of science; Metaphysics; Class (philosophy); Computer science; Defeasible reasoning; Philosophy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008882417552413664,"gpt":0.2331486018250246,"spread":0.224266184272611,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001221848,0.00006775159,0.00006696685,0.00004000022,0.00006653547,0.00009340388,0.0002043965,0.00002591323,0.00005195368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006345278,0.00005492502,0.00002114243,0.00007714088,0.00003097496,0.0003655157,0.00009416328,0.00003811204,0.0001740412],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001611071,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000143094,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000512508,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001006509,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994859,0.00002425226,0.00007808869,0.0001832729,0.00009268748,0.0001358038],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996507,0.00006480281,0.00002970956,0.0001800378,0.00002076773,0.00005398915],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003953827,0.0000922457,0.005530777,0.00001532359,0.0000199469,0.000004979789,0.003397515,0.000005291898,0.004274672,0.1829854,0.001531147,0.8021387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001205532,0.0001990964,0.02539183,0.0001058668,0.00003159242,0.00008208087,0.000586377,0.05886422,0.2922341,0.01708519,0.6032245,0.0009896125],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7304424,0.004029976,0.1645091,0.004191992,0.000504578,0.0002794898,0.000001984635,0.0005143308,0.09552616],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9833336,0.00005164674,0.01527867,0.0001385353,0.0001045014,0.000007672631,4.590795e-7,0.000003420446,0.00108144],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8011491,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2239777,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080980913","doi":"10.1007/s11229-009-9503-2","title":"Scientific models and fictional objects","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":95,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Scientific modelling; Philosophy of science; Philosophy of language; Metaphysics; Epistemology; Basis (linear algebra); Philosophy; Computer science; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06741886480686136,"gpt":0.2203602896003876,"spread":0.1529414247935263,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001166625,0.0000490512,0.00005088343,0.00006736325,0.0006334877,0.000195669,0.00008178538,0.00001133827,0.0003879672],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001314108,0.00004175678,0.00002014811,0.00001937033,0.0005184365,0.0004419451,0.000009002135,0.00004099368,0.0000631353],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001081145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000189004,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001272508,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004804595,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995492,0.000007612558,0.00005711798,0.0001516813,0.0001318342,0.0001026004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997943,0.00001797955,0.0000173414,0.00008971848,0.00003441451,0.00004624894],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005015479,0.00003294178,0.000001627258,0.000002580471,0.000001563694,0.000001932903,0.01385203,0.00001550484,0.0004984523,0.9791429,0.002268377,0.0041771],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000955487,0.00008654399,0.000155206,0.00002786835,0.00000718712,0.000006578196,0.00114961,0.001970125,0.0001495153,0.7311451,0.2650262,0.0001804661],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1660502,0.0004370179,0.00002297151,0.001462642,0.0006813496,0.00005818246,0.00001568057,0.0000734338,0.8311986],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9908147,0.000003510688,0.00005538118,0.0002132774,0.0002029017,0.000001442797,9.697792e-7,0.000001887512,0.008705893],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8247645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4872339,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2135431167","doi":"10.1007/s11229-007-9230-5","title":"It’s in your nature: a pluralistic folk psychology","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Folk psychology; Attribution; Psychology; Big Five personality traits; Social psychology; Trait theory; Personality; Theory of mind; Trait; Philosophy of science; Philosophy of mind; Epistemology; Metaphysics; Cognition; Cognitive science; Philosophy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1276747774827985,"gpt":0.3744515863052787,"spread":0.2467768088224802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000439599,0.0001149345,0.0001302251,0.0001568154,0.00004903183,0.000009225443,0.0002971179,0.0001770122,0.0003006603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006605312,0.00009799274,0.00004969617,0.0002405612,0.0001461724,0.00006957984,0.00004022946,0.0003819272,0.0005893127],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003571765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001061642,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001559244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006138992,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987323,0.00007629181,0.0002151339,0.0003954997,0.0001922064,0.0003885219],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993476,0.0002798346,0.00004631968,0.0002299055,0.00001098674,0.00008534599],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001250691,0.002017902,0.01510037,0.00004376423,0.00001965799,0.003104794,0.001502946,0.00002695157,0.8247845,0.06546821,0.04906914,0.03761111],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00284594,0.0004275422,0.5405366,0.0001857382,0.00002115177,0.001031437,0.0003832102,0.0001483884,0.0935518,0.05470862,0.3051398,0.001019691],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8831931,0.00008118792,0.0002388848,0.02795106,0.001450685,0.0001556268,0.000008610811,0.00006431831,0.08685656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9783478,0.00002449648,0.0001877148,0.02051372,0.0001085547,0.000007366364,0.00000102401,0.000009873147,0.0007994722],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7312326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7574619,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2145291445","doi":"10.1007/s11229-009-9538-4","title":"Darwin’s solution to the species problem","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy of science; Darwin (ADL); Philosophy of language; Metaphysics; Philosophy; Epistemology; Computer science; Software engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02522656001076324,"gpt":0.2375924492441315,"spread":0.2123658892333683,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001616391,0.00007112469,0.00005534782,0.000009888112,0.0001491074,0.00003819328,0.0002103168,0.00002421299,0.07752623],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004454488,0.00004609643,0.00003553628,0.0001718147,0.00005938503,0.00007470592,0.00006964146,0.00004866278,0.009863186],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002324522,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002406263,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006036894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002225788,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993312,0.00002269379,0.0000838694,0.0001481239,0.0002015565,0.0002125948],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996782,0.00001657395,0.00002125084,0.0002123325,0.000004367686,0.00006727672],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004603438,0.0002590334,0.005236547,0.000004119947,0.00000834172,0.000007822537,0.002167074,0.0001154489,0.09107615,0.01510229,0.7976752,0.08830196],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005005309,0.00004876228,0.2598483,0.000004952734,0.000004095625,0.00000411167,0.0009461066,0.00002716308,0.003145108,0.0002996629,0.7355188,0.0001029309],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1946176,0.00002920787,0.0004313913,0.04046886,0.0001312932,0.0003136485,0.00003500018,0.0000936025,0.7638794],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942054,0.00001260813,0.0001055823,0.001622606,0.00004816734,0.0000137196,0.000005937672,0.000003480111,0.003982495],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7995878,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9909077,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051692822","doi":"10.1007/s11229-008-9456-x","title":"Modal truthmakers and two varieties of actualism","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Metaphysics; Philosophy of language; Modal; Philosophy; Epistemology; Philosophy of science; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1389464206940296,"gpt":0.2814353435986373,"spread":0.1424889229046077,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006124636,0.0000608396,0.00009224696,0.00003511816,0.0000700039,0.000003034673,0.00008291462,0.00002639922,0.00009293476],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001426584,0.00004887637,0.00003439458,0.00004791424,0.0003998209,0.00006210455,0.00003129407,0.00005362782,0.00002780636],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004744486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001013502,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002687601,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.883175e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994619,0.00004248733,0.00009098563,0.0001594337,0.0001348169,0.0001103622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996651,0.0001499367,0.00003247419,0.0001003313,0.000008555112,0.00004365057],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003776012,0.0005232861,0.004028406,0.00004384528,0.00003423204,0.0002003803,0.006125789,0.00007420954,0.8888298,0.08283346,0.004194692,0.01273434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002144468,0.0004643604,0.08141607,0.00006362733,0.00003311572,0.001298221,0.0005633793,0.0006255584,0.8398125,0.0610762,0.01190574,0.0005967179],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9907952,0.00004013419,0.00004115528,0.001170314,0.0001506496,0.00004290014,0.000009245465,0.00002032774,0.007730078],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985977,0.00006358689,0.0001729818,0.0004674487,0.00002940749,0.00000306907,2.874501e-7,0.000004290697,0.0006612481],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07738766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.199312,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1558656462","doi":"10.1023/a:1005237527730","title":"The Place of Dialogue Theory in Logic, Computer Science and Communication Studies","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Speech and dialogue systems","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Winnipeg","funders":"","keywords":"Argumentation theory; Philosophy of language; Epistemology; Philosophy of science; Metaphysics; Focus (optics); Field (mathematics); Relation (database); Subject (documents); Sociology; Computer science; Philosophy; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02248677623808385,"gpt":0.2700755916718609,"spread":0.2475888154337771,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003044931,0.00006959324,0.0001313866,0.0000659231,0.0002008878,0.00007600187,0.0009652676,0.0000229299,0.000002237386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004059527,0.00004301668,0.00001565157,0.0003813812,0.0008232328,0.0002543219,0.000257561,0.00006542804,0.00002010189],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003553318,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006648429,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007546694,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001175861,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989417,0.0002777282,0.0001857998,0.0001895312,0.0002247768,0.0001804671],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977619,0.001402072,0.00005682261,0.0006450312,0.00009888753,0.00003526598],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006485356,0.00008475567,0.001512663,0.0000301442,0.00002340655,0.000006021462,0.010718,0.0001810322,0.0006782491,0.366493,0.0004704063,0.6197374],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002643283,0.0007884941,0.1161628,0.001083396,0.00002763721,0.0001511595,0.005655831,0.08714083,0.01823612,0.7483393,0.01837754,0.001393581],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9482601,0.01646268,0.01386459,0.004629274,0.0006804472,0.0008643333,0.000005937987,0.0001489308,0.01508367],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955825,0.0005512861,0.003670502,0.00009977305,0.00001946458,0.00001305439,2.130482e-7,0.000002302842,0.00006097253],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6183438,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3033236,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3154571476","doi":"10.1007/s11229-021-03142-3","title":"Pain and the field of affordances: an enactive approach to acute and chronic pain","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Mental Health and Psychiatry","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Affordance; Reductionism; Chronic pain; Field (mathematics); Action (physics); Psychology; Process (computing); Heuristic; Cognitive science; Psychotherapist; Cognitive psychology; Computer science; Epistemology; Artificial intelligence; Neuroscience","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0189412569971206,"gpt":0.2697660935443396,"spread":0.2508248365472189,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007615827,0.00006711793,0.0001290063,0.00001770177,0.0001522135,0.00003782277,0.00005547705,0.00002110637,0.0002097314],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006999105,0.00004176852,0.00002195881,0.00001940449,0.0001235494,0.00006188976,0.00002474801,0.00006547375,0.000001595323],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007921403,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003658378,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002621148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001384515,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992738,0.0002930896,0.0001074255,0.0001338359,0.00006687635,0.0001250136],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992108,0.0005293458,0.00003336751,0.0001380217,0.00001793429,0.00007056939],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006380074,0.0003107266,0.0005918587,0.001018057,0.0001593128,0.000005096941,0.1273209,0.000001589343,0.0001309584,0.5875486,0.005978382,0.2762965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003718569,0.003879826,0.0006241749,0.0008514273,0.0002262612,0.00003255575,0.2978025,0.00511032,0.003855668,0.05416092,0.6287903,0.0009474806],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7362347,0.01049522,0.001864014,0.0118175,0.0006980656,0.001155637,0.0001384561,0.00005181305,0.2375447],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946654,0.000111109,0.0003518836,0.003325896,0.0002574873,0.00003563885,0.000005007207,0.000006558646,0.001240958],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6228119,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2296412,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113049235","doi":"10.1007/s11229-008-9338-2","title":"Do the laws of physics forbid the operation of time machines?","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Closed timelike curve; Problem of time; Generality; Quantum gravity; General relativity; Theoretical physics; Spacetime; Philosophy of science; Classical physics; Philosophy of language; Modern physics; Quantum; Time travel; Intersection (aeronautics); Computer science; Metaphysics; Physics; Epistemology; Philosophy; Quantum mechanics; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01777069284496969,"gpt":0.2607031773114965,"spread":0.2429324844665268,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019571,0.00007430913,0.0001337104,0.000007827874,0.0001473424,0.000007666221,0.0001902221,0.00001093721,0.0002354604],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001189685,0.00003653048,0.0000882383,0.00007868376,0.0002726317,0.0000704624,0.00004377243,0.00007335507,0.00003594534],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000002624715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002490946,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002408209,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023706,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995011,0.0001119462,0.0001390402,0.00006429497,0.0001043272,0.00007929438],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992757,0.0002899826,0.0001023073,0.0002695337,0.00005145986,0.00001098825],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000740982,0.0003099263,0.0285892,0.00001999135,0.0002050216,6.415126e-7,0.01145039,0.0004386504,0.01942116,0.8972738,0.001026716,0.04119039],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007833521,0.0002284559,0.009368448,0.00009322128,0.0001378967,0.000004443758,0.004094916,0.00447635,0.4703122,0.5039294,0.006182288,0.0003889663],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9728203,0.00007306733,0.004613243,0.0003342958,0.00004750082,0.0002469386,0.00008213572,0.000007113418,0.02177541],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993464,0.000003526859,0.00008157289,0.00001745558,0.0001171084,0.00001361136,0.000007486023,0.000007521322,0.000405266],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4508911,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2578126,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043753407","doi":"10.1007/s11229-005-9063-z","title":"The Case for Psychologism in Default and Inheritance Reasoning","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Division of Materials Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Universität Salzburg; University of Alberta","keywords":"Object (grammar); Semantic reasoner; Non-monotonic logic; Class (philosophy); Default logic; Inference; Zeno's paradoxes; Defeasible reasoning; Computer science; Default rule; Epistemology; Statement (logic); Artificial intelligence; Philosophy; Sociology; Description logic","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02037252022230052,"gpt":0.2858765888486398,"spread":0.2655040686263393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006480195,0.00009599825,0.0001021003,0.00003204944,0.000207759,0.000131513,0.000386676,0.00005569716,0.00000202413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005513853,0.00006343141,0.0000318144,0.0001425979,0.00007672534,0.0002146385,0.00009838142,0.00009881829,0.00001630086],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002830294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001960611,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003745624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009378088,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991696,0.00006159143,0.0001392977,0.0002856918,0.00005645259,0.0002873313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990546,0.0004453996,0.00004843823,0.0003618249,0.00003335191,0.00005634784],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001681974,0.00006967894,0.001940578,0.00001201129,0.000009494728,0.0002430313,0.002696388,0.00002086213,0.0002127997,0.1657182,0.00175416,0.827306],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003704164,0.0005266067,0.03082327,0.0003801545,0.00002784242,0.00723192,0.00229278,0.3957337,0.003754823,0.09128802,0.4624874,0.001749226],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7819359,0.009744252,0.1646642,0.01010749,0.0007909179,0.0008374479,0.000004932255,0.0003120881,0.03160279],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9749046,0.00009327509,0.02424137,0.0001743628,0.00009698285,0.00006371784,1.16182e-7,0.000006568794,0.0004190213],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8255568,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2586658,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2471228606","doi":"10.1007/s11229-016-1159-0","title":"Spontaneous mindreading: a problem for the two-systems account","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Philosophy of language; Theory of mind; Skepticism; Perspective (graphical); Psychology; Attribution; Philosophy of science; Philosophy of mind; Cognition; Social cognition; Cognitive science; Metaphysics; Simulated reality; Cognitive psychology; Epistemology; Computer science; Social psychology; Philosophy; Artificial intelligence; Neuroscience","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09681771683087223,"gpt":0.2908956031518831,"spread":0.1940778863210108,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002779346,0.0001006531,0.00009993526,0.00002964427,0.0001609245,0.00003229322,0.0003307915,0.0000361492,0.0000890232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002867678,0.00004514045,0.00006448615,0.00005273467,0.0001293934,0.00007380557,0.00003498752,0.00004343722,0.0004168093],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004336973,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001824718,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001834098,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009638789,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990718,0.00005258508,0.0001389809,0.000284259,0.0001804658,0.0002718992],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982916,0.001341692,0.00005909336,0.0002336822,0.00002233891,0.00005162305],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003734897,0.0002140565,0.0001134891,0.00002688405,0.00002497503,0.0002636424,0.0002257949,0.00005365361,0.8873697,0.03426631,0.01692389,0.06014411],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002216498,0.0004669452,0.0008443348,0.000351897,0.000063124,0.006649993,0.0002384363,0.00105244,0.1514727,0.01519123,0.8208212,0.0006312361],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9110857,0.0002363083,0.005154141,0.05699092,0.003076442,0.002188951,0.0001730943,0.0002059173,0.02088857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992548,0.00001751981,0.0001035996,0.0007915017,0.0002234388,0.0001930373,2.302261e-7,0.00001231414,0.006110327],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8038973,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.535738,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018109134","doi":"10.1007/s11229-010-9855-7","title":"Socially relevant philosophy of science: an introduction","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy of science; Philosophy of computer science; Philosophy of language; Epistemology; Philosophy education; Philosophy of biology; Economic methodology; Western philosophy; Argument (complex analysis); Social philosophy; Philosophy of sport; Social epistemology; Philosophy of mind; Metaphysics; Sociology; Philosophy of medicine; Engineering ethics; Social science; Philosophy; Social relation; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04323880442566755,"gpt":0.2837371773633774,"spread":0.2404983729377099,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008790464,0.00007591838,0.0001409103,0.00009608772,0.0003462772,0.00004577622,0.0002232272,0.00005211694,0.0004991133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003542906,0.00006304034,0.00005281882,0.0000453831,0.00419037,0.000328947,0.00002836236,0.0002599243,0.00003808783],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009633823,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000164284,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001067773,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008813685,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992189,0.00004082032,0.0001644921,0.0002001766,0.000215169,0.0001604543],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991884,0.00005891653,0.000102217,0.0003069422,0.0002911781,0.00005234287],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008408879,0.00008110204,0.0000393378,0.00002046677,0.000007012297,4.079169e-7,0.01749985,3.011254e-7,0.04898321,0.9309227,0.0002192907,0.002217925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001793481,0.000230759,0.0004888875,0.00001626729,0.00004870125,0.000004202926,0.006948487,0.00003372895,0.03286642,0.7280979,0.230814,0.0002713887],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.881782,0.00002077406,0.00000845554,0.006377889,0.004351932,0.0001023994,0.00001552195,0.00005817752,0.1072828],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933267,0.000004199355,0.0002910247,0.00008173101,0.004778738,0.000003992382,0.000002913264,0.00001045765,0.001500219],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2305947,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985197,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2128594499","doi":"10.1007/s11229-013-0377-y","title":"Iffy predictions and proper expectations","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy of language; Successor cardinal; Philosophy of science; Metaphysics; Epistemology; sort; Philosophy of mind; Speech act; Philosophy; Connection (principal bundle); Process (computing); Computer science; Psychology; Linguistics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04550433135311171,"gpt":0.2389985798613773,"spread":0.1934942485082656,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005484262,0.00006762893,0.00008582272,0.00003769117,0.0002781304,0.00009520764,0.00005133594,0.00003173797,0.001431383],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007543845,0.00005063452,0.00003084765,0.00001243804,0.0003899309,0.0002059545,0.00001814873,0.0001020084,0.0004983356],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006126093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001620956,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004110388,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003918784,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995632,0.00003972475,0.0001010934,0.0001152778,0.00006386454,0.0001168416],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995887,0.0001113044,0.00002775973,0.000130239,0.00009463471,0.00004731003],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003007694,0.0001260618,0.000542053,0.00005191941,0.00007858444,0.00000143177,0.1447963,0.000001633859,0.0004033769,0.8328742,0.01593551,0.005185951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003954053,0.0001847362,0.004849876,0.0001003456,0.0001314721,0.0000134692,0.143151,0.0006129039,0.0005529795,0.09793928,0.7515296,0.0005389368],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3677185,0.0005980877,0.0001294195,0.004750577,0.0008806731,0.0004730532,0.00003963956,0.000191185,0.6252189],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9712499,0.00001758876,0.0001286126,0.00016317,0.000394309,0.0001167119,0.000003733199,0.00001076157,0.02791521],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7355941,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994814,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1890646545","doi":"10.1007/s11229-015-0844-8","title":"One mechanism, many models: a distributed theory of mechanistic explanation","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Philosophy of science; Philosophy of language; Mechanism (biology); Epistemology; Metaphysics; Representation (politics); Cognitive science; Computer science; Scientific modelling; Philosophy of mind; Complement (music); Psychology; Philosophy; Biology; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1624798456763364,"gpt":0.23061243485827,"spread":0.06813258918193366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004935929,0.00008304472,0.0001440234,0.00008605389,0.0001313478,0.00003062426,0.0002110272,0.00002817207,0.0004043549],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001028163,0.00007775585,0.00004253284,0.00003286056,0.0002310984,0.0003132233,0.0000323818,0.00005650032,0.00007404988],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005023586,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004505269,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006823624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005593628,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992214,0.00004890711,0.0001644723,0.0001500883,0.0002810868,0.0001340404],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994435,0.00006710168,0.00009385192,0.0001800708,0.0001321422,0.00008329162],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003969637,0.00007769184,1.059941e-7,0.00001382803,0.00001100283,0.000001745901,0.0106409,0.00002288664,0.0004684249,0.9879231,0.0001899846,0.0006105777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001230452,0.00009316047,0.00000111606,0.00003573402,0.00002358756,9.568139e-7,0.004108903,0.002579028,0.0008756254,0.9881341,0.003918624,0.0001060727],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07029046,0.0006925657,0.1630751,0.001430468,0.002524696,0.0006384329,0.0008388013,0.0004175136,0.760092],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985425,0.000004272991,0.0002176181,0.00006229897,0.0001298641,0.00001374528,0.00001435981,0.000008347325,0.001007031],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.928252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4427402,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2828910774","doi":"10.1007/s11229-018-1852-2","title":"Life and life only: a radical alternative to life definitionism","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Epistemology; Skepticism; Philosophy of science; Tree of life (biology); Metaphysics; Sociology; Philosophy; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0208457500922245,"gpt":0.2678134053256335,"spread":0.246967655233409,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001435281,0.000155249,0.000204596,0.00007258908,0.000209858,0.00008239623,0.0001364876,0.0000394922,0.001997457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002467797,0.0001399334,0.00006519337,0.0001117538,0.0001913842,0.0001190665,0.00009199785,0.0001172291,0.0009918151],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001593238,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000279017,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003351212,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007435829,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989812,0.00005174335,0.0002085107,0.0002850397,0.00018726,0.0002862031],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986513,0.0001047557,0.00006254292,0.0002095446,0.00007131688,0.0009005794],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002742174,0.000697531,0.1040171,0.00003230568,0.0005738256,0.000007631521,0.003150901,0.00002519641,0.0004745077,0.6897843,0.1792929,0.02166957],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001709381,0.0005336756,0.02215274,0.0001370474,0.0000803604,0.000004618229,0.00201304,0.001473872,0.001517551,0.02023816,0.9491765,0.0009630416],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9332829,0.0000762119,0.009132682,0.008483084,0.0005116779,0.0002351903,0.0002054395,0.00007297904,0.04799981],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933187,0.000004267613,0.001234416,0.002366918,0.002580517,0.00002448311,0.000007836219,0.00002063816,0.0004422384],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7698836,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999786,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971403646","doi":"10.1007/s11229-009-9572-2","title":"Hierarchies and levels of reality","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Hierarchy; Relation (database); Philosophy of language; Philosophy of science; Epistemology; Metaphysics; Natural (archaeology); Computer science; Mathematics; Geography; Philosophy; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09591206138713709,"gpt":0.2582957917788236,"spread":0.1623837303916865,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001172665,0.00003945128,0.00007654425,0.00003810295,0.0001273715,0.00001721128,0.00007253642,0.000009084003,0.0002997618],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002890045,0.00003168069,0.00001874578,0.00001059918,0.0005285459,0.0001299495,0.000008417707,0.0000316708,0.000006982921],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004067123,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008454225,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005251221,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005369432,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999689,0.00001399335,0.00007597991,0.00007857119,0.0000753467,0.00006708485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998034,0.00003290486,0.00002914413,0.00008851954,0.00001888216,0.00002718776],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008096556,0.0000277871,0.00001306935,0.000009580059,0.000002362939,0.000001070275,0.01678972,1.672041e-7,0.001463977,0.9601433,0.0003637929,0.02117708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001549051,0.000302197,0.0154227,0.00007976199,0.00001427553,0.000003984484,0.001835062,0.00002588281,0.002435078,0.6953127,0.2841818,0.0002315695],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3115451,0.0003116563,0.000007599615,0.002946968,0.0001067884,0.00004440586,0.00004652889,0.00002973354,0.6849612],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982253,0.000008323102,0.00005128025,0.0001375328,0.0000943578,4.778102e-7,1.80766e-7,0.000001263693,0.001481323],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6866801,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3282182,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071929954","doi":"10.1007/s11229-014-0532-0","title":"Rational analysis, intractability, and the prospects of ‘as if’-explanations","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy of science; Constraint (computer-aided design); Philosophy of language; Interpretation (philosophy); Mathematical economics; Epistemology; Semantics (computer science); Computer science; Rational expectations; Gambit; Mathematics; Metaphysics; Philosophy; Econometrics; Programming language","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01525913725328322,"gpt":0.2139129540896477,"spread":0.1986538168363645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004189767,0.00004164161,0.0001044009,0.00006730032,0.0002699638,0.0000423009,0.0001047741,0.000009882517,0.0007494448],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002201152,0.0000256761,0.0000467218,0.00004723389,0.001165631,0.0001289321,0.00001721715,0.00004089359,0.00001658035],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006686742,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001606606,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001877971,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007149478,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995556,0.00004551923,0.0001090334,0.00009506867,0.0001396387,0.00005517902],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999459,0.0002781173,0.00005769828,0.0001246059,0.00005836489,0.00002225192],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001132842,0.00002421916,0.0002114921,0.000004645549,0.00002858342,6.173917e-8,0.008921247,0.000008566087,0.00003212931,0.9904013,0.00007157472,0.0002848392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005383892,0.00009484265,0.01011445,0.00001725312,0.0003270889,0.000002310255,0.002340899,0.003722491,0.0002813809,0.8459992,0.1363619,0.000199811],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4011862,0.0001566775,0.0001296524,0.008242998,0.0001886552,0.0001957907,0.00002910309,0.00002872868,0.5898422],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990026,0.000004156134,0.00002926316,0.0001231039,0.0001235515,0.000008312613,0.000002245718,0.000001554719,0.0007051799],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5978164,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8205895,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2075559629","doi":"10.1007/s11229-011-9917-5","title":"Picturing classical and quantum Bayesian inference","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Perimeter Institute","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Graphical model; Mathematics; Bayesian inference; Bayesian network; Inference; Computer science; Bayesian probability; Theoretical computer science; Calculus (dental); Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05218347018948731,"gpt":0.2561684364029499,"spread":0.2039849662134626,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001891162,0.00013203,0.0001367165,0.00006543546,0.00008971181,0.00009849047,0.0005326831,0.00007250636,0.00003412171],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001026452,0.0001112747,0.00003121563,0.0001213374,0.00008885124,0.0003389679,0.000233072,0.00016814,0.00005918071],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001087563,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004288924,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000584597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008849585,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999015,0.00005459875,0.0001579095,0.0003542358,0.0001431807,0.0002750248],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992228,0.0001071945,0.00004121379,0.0004309231,0.00003430078,0.0001635299],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009379005,0.00008341787,0.00302274,0.0000232249,0.00001550422,0.00004478732,0.002937558,0.000005125016,0.001085234,0.8688363,0.00009159242,0.1238451],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002974345,0.0002591526,0.01985342,0.0002030096,0.00001790788,0.000087176,0.000161097,0.6085736,0.01252479,0.3560917,0.001077378,0.0008533451],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04945575,0.00008118799,0.9416906,0.0003170779,0.0001463528,0.00005042965,7.586967e-7,0.0002046922,0.008053216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9686244,0.00002167456,0.0310864,0.0001319404,0.00003153429,0.000008129552,1.532452e-7,0.000007215756,0.00008861711],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9191686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4537649,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017913753","doi":"10.1007/s11229-010-9757-8","title":"Robustness and idealization in models of cognitive labor","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Idealization; Philosophy of science; Robustness (evolution); Computer science; Philosophy of language; Scientific modelling; Epistemology; Simple (philosophy); Cognition; Division of labour; Management science; Metaphysics; Psychology; Philosophy; Economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01514933326479036,"gpt":0.2891666082585098,"spread":0.2740172749937195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000454292,0.00002731927,0.00004982366,0.00003723679,0.00006848257,0.000007901405,0.00003702498,0.00004745804,0.00008948424],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004702318,0.00002686638,0.000006303578,0.0001388161,0.0001680113,0.0002267886,0.000008235325,0.0000487612,0.000001191689],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000570254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005209809,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004466797,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005302761,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995998,0.0001193619,0.00007219894,0.00006672949,0.00007772414,0.00006418977],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996559,0.0001822003,0.00002529106,0.00003383105,0.00008142639,0.00002137616],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004312306,0.00005963127,0.006372606,0.000007595031,0.000003228197,8.710302e-7,0.01431847,0.002679408,0.001887455,0.9682164,0.000005679954,0.006405592],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002093779,0.0001912883,0.1007924,0.0007251861,0.00007983464,0.000006395955,0.09667953,0.2773428,0.01015,0.5100929,0.0008524834,0.0009934936],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9867145,0.00004055352,0.00239228,0.0002402286,0.00005394458,0.00009351668,0.000006513877,0.00001087825,0.0104476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995863,0.00004067794,0.0001142938,0.0000179105,0.00003343296,0.000007649823,0.000001957286,0.000002318601,0.0001954163],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4581235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2959065,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2759036597","doi":"10.1007/s11229-017-1576-8","title":"Right out of the box: how to situate metaphysics of science in relation to other metaphysical approaches","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"H2020 European Research Council; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; European Commission","keywords":"Metaphysics; Epistemology; Philosophy of science; Philosophy; Naturalism","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1171791569810812,"gpt":0.2563318584159774,"spread":0.1391527014348962,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004750467,0.00007707719,0.0001682461,0.0001063893,0.0004910534,0.00007986568,0.0008271941,0.00001395805,0.00003594264],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002050995,0.00004904603,0.00007459203,0.00006847999,0.002132988,0.0005153016,0.0001292317,0.00006447631,0.00002133357],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002412593,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004145126,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001402644,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005687229,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991813,0.0000298234,0.0001212382,0.0001965069,0.0003320361,0.0001390744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991661,0.0000398021,0.0001461338,0.0005380538,0.00006243271,0.00004752771],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002155395,0.0001437457,0.0002715555,0.00002027833,0.00001207394,3.531682e-7,0.06930182,0.00006483593,0.03215067,0.8960286,0.0001335757,0.001850944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007532757,0.0005604813,0.09944534,0.0007917549,0.000216535,7.595992e-7,0.01288966,0.001795816,0.3801032,0.323208,0.1788648,0.001370296],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.816216,0.00001651046,0.0001002769,0.004855877,0.0005318623,0.0002625105,0.00002608771,0.000009276699,0.1779816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980404,2.515684e-7,0.0002381873,0.00006188513,0.00009374582,0.000008977573,7.268758e-8,0.000004877847,0.001551553],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5728206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7859083,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3035485738","doi":"10.1007/s11229-020-02986-5","title":"Embodied skillful performance: where the action is","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Motor Control and Adaptation","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of Ottawa","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; University of Wollongong; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Wellcome Trust; Wellcome","keywords":"Embodied cognition; Inference; Computer science; Philosophy of language; Motor control; Action (physics); Control (management); Cognitive science; Process (computing); Focus (optics); Philosophy of science; Philosophy of mind; Human–computer interaction; Artificial intelligence; Psychology; Cognitive psychology; Metaphysics; Epistemology; Programming language; Neuroscience","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04347760040745291,"gpt":0.27357298821666,"spread":0.2300953878092071,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008955985,0.00006740614,0.00006565009,0.00001615691,0.0001884579,0.00005642121,0.0001111763,0.00003063746,0.0007255815],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000295166,0.00004399871,0.00004610852,0.000128297,0.00003655314,0.0001606678,0.00002618089,0.00009736569,0.0003671995],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001641904,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003508889,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001142847,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001940134,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993108,0.00008485467,0.00009061737,0.0001890286,0.0001858571,0.0001388434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995057,0.0001657874,0.00004071318,0.0002281331,0.00003049897,0.00002915214],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004647151,0.0000773286,0.0004981065,0.00003953237,0.000007972107,0.00002178811,0.001332655,0.00007074815,0.8065258,0.002861009,0.001184104,0.1873345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004137643,0.00004745517,0.01324549,0.00006074495,0.00002468126,0.00005676893,0.0008140304,0.01786576,0.7592888,0.0009561235,0.2069955,0.0002308279],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9662905,0.0001159082,0.0001846376,0.004930104,0.0005082382,0.0001272578,0.000007088394,0.00006567113,0.02777062],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9914744,0.0002283415,0.00002370339,0.001063472,0.0001295687,0.00001794524,5.055467e-7,0.000007860922,0.007054213],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2058114,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7944609,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017501627","doi":"10.1007/s11229-013-0394-x","title":"The traditional conception of the a priori","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Government of Canada; University of Georgia","keywords":"Philosophy of language; Philosophy of science; Epistemology; Metaphysics; Independence (probability theory); A priori and a posteriori; Philosophy; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07577999644456604,"gpt":0.2378012787457403,"spread":0.1620212823011742,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003970423,0.00004891193,0.00007465299,0.000007410425,0.0003268755,0.00002671362,0.000157733,0.00002539518,0.0001549317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001873964,0.0000240598,0.00008355758,0.00001049559,0.0009506592,0.00004178374,0.00001431299,0.0001067121,0.00003053303],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006726921,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002256237,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004589801,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003471863,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994643,0.000146886,0.0001146036,0.00006447284,0.0001249022,0.00008484678],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990526,0.0006008781,0.00008027618,0.0001887709,0.00006416869,0.00001327769],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004180041,0.00001709358,0.00005662619,0.000008925917,0.00001237811,3.128508e-8,0.00739635,0.000001009446,0.0001747243,0.9879837,0.001239003,0.00310598],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001022268,0.00004082074,0.001518691,0.00003174206,0.00002432129,9.211744e-7,0.002844671,0.00007194551,0.0007687,0.1855969,0.8089324,0.00006664696],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4413864,0.000290715,0.0001567094,0.009807404,0.003917292,0.0003212778,0.00006538707,0.00005361674,0.5440012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934204,0.00001046438,0.00001074551,0.0002230234,0.0008092057,0.000008794883,0.000001304067,0.000005146177,0.005510942],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8076934,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3502744,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003755111","doi":"10.1007/s11229-010-9788-1","title":"Questions asked and unasked: how by worrying less about the ‘really real’ philosophers of science might better contribute to debates about genetics and race","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Race, Genetics, and Society","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Saint Mary's University","funders":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration","keywords":"Metaphysics; Philosophy of science; Epistemology; Race (biology); Natural kind; Biomedicine; Construct (python library); Philosophy of language; Natural (archaeology); Social constructionism; Sociology; Psychology; Philosophy; Biology; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007561254527295406,"gpt":0.2501939828727627,"spread":0.2426327283454673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005353581,0.0001733859,0.0001826159,0.00003112679,0.0003491231,0.0001045966,0.0003255301,0.0001599935,0.00000309856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034876,0.0001334815,0.00005027112,0.0001204349,0.001496436,0.000008468201,0.0001905731,0.0001468399,8.67406e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008590007,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009126173,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006709022,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001752133,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988288,0.00005968214,0.0001759993,0.0004251649,0.0001898723,0.0003204763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989522,0.00007764812,0.0001011557,0.0004901609,0.0001987761,0.0001801066],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001842884,0.00002376314,0.01184831,0.00001580757,0.00003280155,6.041211e-7,0.0006856872,0.000009584553,0.9821503,0.0001227057,0.0006990345,0.00439303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006879792,0.0002370691,0.06031433,0.00008030409,0.0001014139,0.00002183128,0.00152439,0.0003812631,0.897082,0.0006092195,0.03838815,0.0005720275],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931123,0.001922935,0.0003857028,0.003776101,0.0001555354,0.0002535924,0.00009062329,0.000009359065,0.000293859],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949806,0.002346135,0.001703326,0.0004194412,0.000159568,0.00002093255,0.00001279835,0.00002078429,0.0003363865],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08506823,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5513681,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3193163596","doi":"10.1007/s11229-021-03302-5","title":"Deflating the functional turn in conceptual engineering","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Epistemology; Normative; Philosophy of language; Function (biology); Philosophy of science; Variety (cybernetics); Metaphysics; Conceptual framework; Negotiation; Computer science; Sociology; Philosophy; Artificial intelligence; Social science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06062185234448138,"gpt":0.1893944867687119,"spread":0.1287726344242305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001158111,0.0000440193,0.00004977041,0.00002300581,0.0001712525,0.00004492842,0.0000708529,0.0000106503,0.001651476],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001090881,0.00003222849,0.00002754839,0.00002766424,0.0002057958,0.0001226274,0.00002119699,0.00009573856,0.0000681004],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002050149,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002940921,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003000709,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002194076,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996179,0.00001532981,0.00007600943,0.00009132373,0.0001003697,0.00009910191],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997358,0.0001282203,0.00001590911,0.00007803896,0.0000246276,0.00001735083],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003300425,0.00002060562,0.0001624708,0.000005453547,0.000005336876,0.00001801809,0.03023145,0.0003849855,0.002348448,0.9652894,0.0004367922,0.001093695],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002747614,0.0000308132,0.00491658,0.0001242437,0.00001200383,0.00002423494,0.0287479,0.002859208,0.001175507,0.01251463,0.9489717,0.0003483598],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.730546,0.0008123374,0.00004832577,0.00209465,0.001226781,0.00005095657,0.000009470283,0.00005232518,0.2651592],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974895,0.000001654616,0.00003242586,0.0001921362,0.0004060469,0.000005200272,9.414348e-7,0.000003499147,0.001868557],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9527748,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992611,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220811164","doi":"10.1007/s11229-022-03480-w","title":"Active inference models do not contradict folk psychology","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Embodied and Extended Cognition","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; William K. Warren Foundation","keywords":"Inference; Folk psychology; Philosophy of science; Epistemology; Psychology; Perception; Artificial intelligence; Cognitive science; Computer science; Cognitive psychology; Philosophy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09015140253058798,"gpt":0.3315500181428793,"spread":0.2413986156122913,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001578641,0.0001140098,0.0001388825,0.00009606302,0.0002925308,0.00002553541,0.000314447,0.00003757307,0.0007846223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004129265,0.0001121304,0.00005959122,0.0001861585,0.00010495,0.0002068994,0.000117658,0.0003098645,0.0001340438],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004393017,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003933785,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001592139,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002363645,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986038,0.0002630651,0.0001422842,0.0004267581,0.0002728988,0.0002912613],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990982,0.0004629053,0.00007048273,0.000277915,0.00001993011,0.00007054151],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004984295,0.0003123935,0.0000160917,0.000007045424,0.00001142108,0.0001159545,0.001367258,0.000678638,0.1409721,0.7738352,0.0005370658,0.0816484],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007879261,0.0003028398,0.00009115969,0.00001443558,0.0000228991,0.0001135908,0.0006250745,0.007145256,0.1037359,0.8792881,0.007496716,0.0003760793],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1745875,0.00004776784,0.001609148,0.002645733,0.0009579112,0.000436985,0.0003113581,0.0002785942,0.8191251],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962746,0.00004227152,0.0000478802,0.003168016,0.0000487073,0.000152928,0.00000269358,0.00001565206,0.0002472597],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8216872,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8591064,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2969640062","doi":"10.1007/s11229-019-02356-w","title":"Beyond categorical definitions of life: a data-driven approach to assessing lifeness","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Three-domain system; Evolvability; Philosophy of science; Construal level theory; Explication; Epistemology; Categorical variable; Computer science; Plural; Evolutionary biology; Biology; Psychology; Archaea; Philosophy; Genetics; Linguistics; Social psychology; Machine learning","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06159762572376803,"gpt":0.2880446524570655,"spread":0.2264470267332975,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001415806,0.0001096647,0.000231937,0.00006892026,0.00006243913,0.00004828882,0.000335198,0.00003241848,0.0003895651],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002421431,0.00009794707,0.00005846125,0.0001996363,0.00003043335,0.0002500697,0.0001750695,0.00009946455,0.0002741314],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001438038,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001509086,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000201102,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001053351,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99909,0.00004198538,0.0002200087,0.0002757066,0.0001706109,0.0002016846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990206,0.00009609919,0.00007936175,0.0006008377,0.00005321447,0.0001499066],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002720667,0.001206843,0.1747806,0.00009690535,0.0002063943,6.710033e-7,0.000422363,0.002868561,0.001317338,0.8061515,0.009049718,0.003871882],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008656644,0.0007814553,0.2139994,0.0007694036,0.001203542,0.00002373892,0.04081599,0.2777668,0.005794684,0.1231039,0.3198694,0.007215018],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7356305,0.00003445367,0.04949802,0.0003520464,0.0003363577,0.0002850295,0.0005278171,0.00004061039,0.2132952],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943697,0.000001160818,0.004944652,0.0000470745,0.0002830876,0.00001631289,0.0001556932,0.00001614559,0.0001662064],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6830476,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4265465,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3009612987","doi":"10.1007/s11229-020-02610-6","title":"Resonance and radical embodiment","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Embodied and Extended Cognition","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Unification; Philosophy of science; Cognitive science; Philosophy of language; Skepticism; Cognition; Metaphysics; Epistemology; Direct and indirect realism; Presentation (obstetrics); Cognitive neuroscience; Field (mathematics); Psychology; Computer science; Perception; Philosophy; Neuroscience; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05142578379183537,"gpt":0.2545041685036903,"spread":0.2030783847118549,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000442937,0.00005870338,0.00006820777,0.00001201738,0.00006253153,0.00002096059,0.00007188145,0.00002453515,0.00009833131],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005730805,0.0000504707,0.00001727048,0.00006981992,0.00009122513,0.00006816781,0.00004300802,0.00008024096,0.0002198742],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005499056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008826933,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002104623,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.084171e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993938,0.00004545248,0.00007171463,0.000236467,0.0001240727,0.0001285184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996897,0.0001061429,0.000016267,0.00007043817,0.000004801786,0.0001126558],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002120944,0.0001114717,0.000333466,0.0000597353,0.000003940752,0.0002066865,0.001780849,0.000003129043,0.2979592,0.4569859,0.004314961,0.2380286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006904965,0.0002266521,0.0004207862,0.0000694874,0.00001694816,0.00005494684,0.0002121522,0.003322182,0.7463024,0.08431954,0.1639876,0.0003768336],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3146918,0.0009970035,0.000303125,0.03729515,0.000281423,0.0004407908,0.00004363571,0.0004669606,0.6454802],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952063,0.0001015422,0.0001723746,0.004343219,0.00008275875,0.000007606304,2.955918e-7,0.000006774586,0.00007912225],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6805145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2826111,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1558371145","doi":"10.1023/a:1010370420383","title":"Non-Cooperation In Dialogue Logic","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy of language; Philosophy of science; Philosophy; Metaphysics; Epistemology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02372420689662138,"gpt":0.30140842056818,"spread":0.2776842136715587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000685611,0.00004916738,0.00006515053,0.0000402369,0.0002145837,0.00002931657,0.00009970754,0.00006422654,0.0007303433],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002748087,0.00004670134,0.00001881782,0.0002700329,0.00009552981,0.000278367,0.0000102699,0.00006392925,0.0003741207],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007448014,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007733121,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009937596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009507857,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993093,0.0001933291,0.0001048762,0.000117349,0.0001115584,0.0001635904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997368,0.00008211969,0.00001843451,0.00008612422,0.00003813206,0.0000383792],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001101125,0.0002777941,0.03163595,0.000004756253,0.000006874812,0.00004635275,0.01809986,0.001269065,0.004174798,0.9194795,0.0007016511,0.02419323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002500087,0.000517613,0.187878,0.0003190218,0.00004941316,0.00003529393,0.03694681,0.009543897,0.003214152,0.37122,0.3855551,0.002220581],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8100898,0.00008287302,0.0008023927,0.002465847,0.0002015734,0.0001899414,0.000001206767,0.00005180711,0.1861146],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960656,0.000193205,0.00006790867,0.0002065778,0.0002197314,0.00002354237,0.000005798715,0.000003710092,0.0032139],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5482596,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7996747,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2362912888","doi":"10.1007/s11229-016-1118-9","title":"What is theoretical progress of science?","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of California, Irvine; Arts and Humanities Research Council; University of California, San Diego; University of Leeds; York University","keywords":"Philosophy of science; Philosophy of language; Metaphysics; Epistemology; Philosophy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02898283427090547,"gpt":0.2478855930728998,"spread":0.2189027588019943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003288556,0.00005517193,0.00008217296,0.00008569209,0.0002545774,0.0000870684,0.000344956,0.00001253601,0.004993141],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004793732,0.00002974944,0.00003782076,0.00003831964,0.02239908,0.0009127948,0.0000456845,0.0000240448,0.0001736106],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001823686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005243493,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003205399,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000346807,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999273,0.00001155154,0.00009950062,0.0001626041,0.0002880997,0.000165237],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995517,0.00005813673,0.0000405959,0.0001938134,0.00009402237,0.0000617749],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007127814,0.00003068227,0.00001919985,0.000004880336,0.000001767344,8.513436e-7,0.01338719,2.620118e-9,0.001633556,0.9642019,0.0001990585,0.0205138],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001933371,0.0002184754,0.0001136984,0.0004212655,0.00001349229,0.000003783314,0.006012334,0.00001330467,0.03863625,0.7087156,0.2454053,0.0002532224],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.507776,0.0008158501,0.00001163121,0.01883592,0.002453191,0.0001633163,0.00002942354,0.00007325273,0.4698415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977335,0.00002605613,0.00002898125,0.0001433148,0.0001498439,0.000004431985,3.6724e-8,0.000003513807,0.001910368],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4899575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9959164,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3181281194","doi":"10.1007/s11229-021-03293-3","title":"Standing to epistemically blame","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brandon University","funders":"","keywords":"Blame; Epistemology; Harm; Philosophy of science; Metaphysics; Wrongdoing; Philosophy of language; Philosophy; Psychology; Social psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07674753896987704,"gpt":0.2796177497125697,"spread":0.2028702107426927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028191,0.0001092845,0.0002059896,0.00004177657,0.0001824315,0.0001154623,0.0001297994,0.00005069793,0.001616357],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004045964,0.00009831162,0.0000965442,0.00003665806,0.0001782758,0.00008172997,0.00006529726,0.0001669241,0.0005958233],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003456979,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006739647,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006574312,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008269225,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990814,0.00009963668,0.0001894478,0.0002295566,0.0001561938,0.0002437286],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999109,0.000291568,0.00004053094,0.0002873936,0.0001689962,0.0001025246],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001336484,0.00006488509,0.0001419781,0.00006600429,0.00005320175,0.0000629178,0.0279074,0.000002832829,0.004886319,0.9600964,0.003851127,0.002853613],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001225754,0.00004654424,0.00006501496,0.0001251859,0.00003535626,0.000009781943,0.01022691,0.0000103152,0.00656891,0.03125105,0.9512795,0.000258895],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3198361,0.0005925953,0.0006359862,0.009223343,0.002352237,0.0001934999,0.00008676128,0.0001924185,0.666887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.946081,0.00002019497,0.0004648687,0.001652304,0.0008672861,0.00001364161,0.000006884475,0.00002367,0.05087017],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9474283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992963,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4311474958","doi":"10.1007/s11229-022-03989-0","title":"Does science need intersubjectivity? The problem of confirmation in orthodox interpretations of quantum mechanics","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"John Templeton Foundation","keywords":"Philosophy of science; Intersubjectivity; Metaphysics; Philosophy of language; Philosophy; Epistemology; Quantum mechanics; Theoretical physics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009989235191625164,"gpt":0.2569381794913937,"spread":0.2469489442997685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007492671,0.00006297218,0.0001200303,0.000122053,0.0001420807,0.00001276057,0.0003293276,0.000007481857,0.0001759231],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000165283,0.00003983904,0.00005193731,0.0005796917,0.00007503082,0.00009873862,0.0001586656,0.0001232847,0.000001570987],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002813019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001126736,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004594494,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002081279,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992213,0.00008121273,0.0002578159,0.0001356578,0.0001903457,0.0001136421],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992993,0.0001703751,0.0002068958,0.0002343908,0.00007020596,0.00001876427],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008459741,0.0001236866,0.0004183058,0.000007857691,0.00000916184,3.909117e-8,0.00190738,0.0003364933,0.02900624,0.9652724,0.000005541779,0.002904383],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001993483,0.00008149727,0.000281586,0.00004624094,0.0000216246,5.228769e-7,0.02333851,0.2149858,0.04092434,0.7194002,0.0005946979,0.0001256621],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.761067,0.000009217371,0.2366524,0.0003848141,0.0001164815,0.0004790119,0.0001233361,0.00001041892,0.001157263],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995322,7.468996e-7,0.0002490663,0.000008625876,0.000008656764,0.0001789099,0.000004935774,0.000006250497,0.00001063631],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2458723,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1926235,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2892468222","doi":"10.1007/s11229-018-01950-8","title":"The turbulent age of innovation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Innovation, Technology, and Society","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institut national de la recherche scientifique","keywords":"Responsible Research and Innovation; Connotation; Value (mathematics); Meaning (existential); Innovation management; Politics; Sociology; Epistemology; Business; Marketing; Political science; Public relations; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02946679072221644,"gpt":0.3211926960160399,"spread":0.2917259052938235,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001323239,0.00003464374,0.00005124053,0.00003695159,0.0005622144,0.00001908733,0.0002076671,0.00008607241,0.00005222147],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001101221,0.00002453164,0.00001758614,0.000896743,0.001090887,0.00005303664,0.00001880267,0.00006032419,0.00002114493],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003745349,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007728798,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003860272,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005975706,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994029,0.00005115984,0.000164971,0.00006995276,0.0001708683,0.0001400942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992253,0.000102615,0.00009093788,0.0001554182,0.0004179596,0.000007775237],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003180868,0.00001507446,0.0009024788,0.000001919669,0.000009276046,3.002964e-7,0.01182671,5.886499e-8,0.001839523,0.9703583,0.004467813,0.01057537],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007193054,0.0000377858,0.00382551,0.00001327828,0.000004719342,3.042469e-7,0.02124622,0.0000128317,0.008978222,0.06147382,0.9042528,0.00008253331],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8812693,0.00004233022,0.0005598568,0.01064624,0.0004443067,0.0001740588,0.000001563642,0.0001074463,0.1067549],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972259,0.0000416394,0.0002368858,0.0001585317,0.0002287023,0.000006410135,0.000001299926,0.000003313966,0.002097284],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9088845,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4324156,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2887112221","doi":"10.1007/s11229-018-1892-7","title":"Intelligent action guidance and the use of mixed representational formats","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Action Observation and Synchronization","field":"Psychology","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"European Research Council","keywords":"Action (physics); Perception; Key (lock); Computer science; Cognition; Cognitive science; Work (physics); Human–computer interaction; Philosophy of science; Artificial intelligence; Psychology; Epistemology; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1807047430521326,"gpt":0.3781151337617736,"spread":0.1974103907096411,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002312012,0.00005064065,0.00007482246,0.00004086213,0.00007950147,0.00001864771,0.00005500772,0.00004149848,0.00119116],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003534844,0.00003518818,0.00002594849,0.0001138465,0.0002475226,0.0001891186,0.00001975606,0.00004250995,0.0001113145],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001457427,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009838545,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001382198,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004539323,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993514,0.0001535264,0.0002057116,0.0001089372,0.0001101616,0.00007025715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991854,0.0003104758,0.000136806,0.0002018167,0.0001449756,0.00002047794],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003100427,0.0003590687,0.1025373,0.00006496728,0.0003702868,0.000002121621,0.02229511,0.00018865,0.003521504,0.3943676,0.09055344,0.3826396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002553497,0.0001553246,0.6162645,0.00006561417,0.00006693603,0.00005275187,0.004649905,0.02010206,0.02183021,0.005829973,0.3281301,0.0002991739],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8850811,0.00007807635,0.1043589,0.002379254,0.001346848,0.0003494272,0.00001111122,0.00005191675,0.00634336],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962016,0.00002213762,0.0006580445,0.0002596593,0.0001243182,0.00002147612,0.000006683504,0.000006369835,0.002699668],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5137272,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997219,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2610676529","doi":"10.1007/s11229-017-1412-1","title":"Intuitions, reflective judgments, and experimental philosophy","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy of language; Epistemology; Metaphysics; Philosophy of science; Philosophy; Experimental philosophy; Philosophy of mind; Contrast (vision); Philosophical methodology; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1574199987704699,"gpt":0.3486900273816235,"spread":0.1912700286111536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000646047,0.00008550834,0.00008129873,0.00003414916,0.0005407442,0.00005931475,0.0002141177,0.0000353231,0.0001900123],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001032544,0.00007385863,0.0000277508,0.00001535588,0.000338549,0.0002171985,0.0001236126,0.00007964407,0.0001871696],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000238473,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006633344,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001768331,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001494748,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99933,0.00004066348,0.00007687808,0.0002883958,0.0001239991,0.0001399948],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995551,0.00003771362,0.00005969939,0.0002707102,0.000007038637,0.00006977457],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001549257,0.0005243814,0.001826744,0.00001017127,0.00001732856,0.00008143932,0.000488696,7.392519e-7,0.9104374,0.06930555,0.003075605,0.01407701],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006298194,0.0001966276,0.01571313,0.00004765693,0.000006719652,0.0000701708,0.0001629477,0.00001893694,0.9276547,0.0519801,0.003300779,0.0002183871],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9133415,0.00008224157,0.000008831697,0.006162963,0.0003519067,0.0001164059,0.00001536717,0.00003590885,0.07988486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982885,0.00003133174,0.0001357287,0.001029918,0.0001059551,0.00002586037,5.671712e-7,0.000006839359,0.0003753191],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08494697,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4159022,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3197765170","doi":"10.1007/s11229-021-03381-4","title":"Davidson, first-person authority, and direct self-knowledge","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Philosophy and Theoretical Science","field":"Psychology","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Metaphysics; Philosophy of language; Epistemology; Function (biology); Self-knowledge; Psychology; Philosophy of science; Philosophy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03193345657650584,"gpt":0.3065847526165985,"spread":0.2746512960400927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003514565,0.0001063626,0.0001508994,0.00002865629,0.0001376428,0.00003606302,0.000159872,0.00009177451,0.001486561],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002976615,0.00009062047,0.00004799929,0.0002263253,0.0001912021,0.00006091985,0.00008156246,0.0001311482,0.0007909712],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001923781,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002176745,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002521947,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003394233,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989677,0.000173136,0.00009528581,0.0003864141,0.00009955165,0.000277901],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990205,0.0004528892,0.00001546684,0.0003110291,0.00003596904,0.0001641351],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002256514,0.0003802521,0.002171995,0.0000287871,0.00004909514,0.0001513456,0.006863955,1.068679e-7,0.0005720885,0.9764399,0.001647542,0.0116724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001585803,0.000442127,0.1103132,0.0003111497,0.0002553659,0.0004924932,0.002842614,0.0006776178,0.0169503,0.428499,0.4360279,0.001602544],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1184276,0.001340971,0.00003550872,0.002432321,0.0005957189,0.00006254327,0.00001271764,0.000116439,0.8769761],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968544,0.00002253329,0.0002145618,0.0001166303,0.0001826481,0.00001501521,0.000001039631,0.000009706143,0.002583513],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8784267,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999987,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2989891016","doi":"10.1007/s11229-019-02475-4","title":"Radical embodied cognitive science and “Real Cognition”","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Embodied and Extended Cognition","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Charles Phelps Taft Research Center","keywords":"Embodied cognition; Philosophy of science; Philosophy of language; Cognition; Epistemology; Enactivism; Metaphysics; Cognitive science; Pragmatism; Criticism; Philosophy of mind; Cognitive robotics; Metacognition; Psychology; Philosophy; Autopoiesis","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02335874205880944,"gpt":0.2751573008458099,"spread":0.2517985587870004,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004040584,0.000137569,0.0001500007,0.0001692089,0.0002671352,0.0001109379,0.0001796625,0.00005699744,0.0003445653],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002019917,0.0001219906,0.00003073446,0.0003382263,0.001074726,0.0004582703,0.000110848,0.0001597436,0.001286644],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003207272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001289517,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001595581,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002629213,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982435,0.00007870049,0.0001457299,0.0005819392,0.0005623188,0.0003878499],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988815,0.0005976351,0.00005529181,0.0001522317,0.0001298398,0.000183556],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003504661,0.0003171331,0.001713223,0.00007938884,0.00001222935,0.00009065369,0.001044452,8.196549e-7,0.5390466,0.3987578,0.0001692662,0.058418],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002343446,0.0003956037,0.004456924,0.0003515497,0.00008412402,0.0002746344,0.001685493,0.001466478,0.8184312,0.1684169,0.001262727,0.00083094],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4334393,0.00001082259,0.00001681323,0.0001822198,0.0001742797,0.0002484296,0.00002628009,0.00009377202,0.5658081],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985219,0.00008200476,0.00005399631,0.0009386655,0.00006692046,0.00002387695,0.000002434824,0.00001456748,0.0002956234],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5655124,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999491,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3083188059","doi":"10.1007/s11229-020-02844-4","title":"Other minds are neither seen nor inferred","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Perception; Attribution; Slogan; Philosophy of science; Mental state; Philosophy of language; Philosophy of mind; Metaphysics; Epistemology; Psychology; State (computer science); Cognitive psychology; Philosophy; Social psychology; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.148704212283257,"gpt":0.2656107985149932,"spread":0.1169065862317362,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001220707,0.0001432685,0.0002292593,0.00002673465,0.0001242624,0.00007604852,0.0001799445,0.00007304658,0.003165528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001459588,0.0001152946,0.000110523,0.0000256588,0.000282767,0.0001121651,0.00004023295,0.0001968868,0.001148916],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000921423,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002609439,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002025243,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007072609,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992114,0.00007835405,0.0001651416,0.0002078144,0.0001294401,0.0002078801],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994005,0.0001359412,0.00009155786,0.0002088369,0.00006840988,0.0000947563],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001771003,0.0003608821,0.01395262,0.0004222915,0.0005467569,0.00006432844,0.3529923,0.0000144623,0.001577659,0.5459759,0.07111771,0.01279802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000174699,0.00005088004,0.0004376441,0.00003148277,0.00003587741,6.690947e-7,0.006390589,0.0000537316,0.0004410814,0.003296187,0.9888884,0.0001987815],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2447463,0.0004312311,0.00014055,0.02549566,0.00115697,0.0003590403,0.0002694864,0.000319819,0.7270809],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.967447,0.000004658376,0.00005675454,0.006330199,0.001641774,0.0000151522,0.000004185802,0.00004158632,0.02445864],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9177707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996288,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982395595","doi":"10.1007/s11229-009-9552-6","title":"Dynamic epistemic logic with branching temporal structures","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Epistemic modal logic; Dynamic logic (digital electronics); Multimodal logic; Philosophy of language; Extension (predicate logic); Computer science; Epistemology; Philosophy of science; Temporal logic; Modal logic; Doxastic logic; Philosophy of logic; Description logic; Metaphysics; Artificial intelligence; Philosophy; Programming language","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008880271397147341,"gpt":0.2374069864894554,"spread":0.2285267150923081,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000190444,0.0001882894,0.000206862,0.00008322832,0.0001448665,0.0001569239,0.0008032914,0.00006884106,0.00002338695],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006736479,0.000124111,0.00006150708,0.0002441573,0.00005723264,0.0003164976,0.00007200937,0.0001699461,0.00006398941],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005088483,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006176577,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002702614,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005057555,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988168,0.00007187593,0.000155194,0.0004037,0.0002055685,0.0003468109],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991381,0.00008285305,0.00009091141,0.0005457323,0.00004096039,0.0001014678],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007124922,0.0002214893,0.00806657,0.00006669178,0.00006351114,0.0003699143,0.004513592,0.0004553731,0.00597673,0.7093408,0.0005158876,0.2703382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014587,0.001267485,0.1104353,0.0003545434,0.00004359108,0.0009703614,0.0002936645,0.07526276,0.003637649,0.80077,0.003673314,0.001832592],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4306119,0.001535626,0.5083787,0.003058841,0.0005834118,0.0004011675,0.000003702812,0.0009539227,0.05447269],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.976288,0.000007659125,0.02289431,0.0002835991,0.00004812882,0.000003457516,0.000001545932,0.000008015697,0.0004652806],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5456761,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5061101,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113315993","doi":"10.1007/s11229-010-9731-5","title":"Situated minimalism versus free enrichment","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Philosophy and Theoretical Science","field":"Psychology","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Minimalism (technical communication); Contextualism; Philosophy of language; Situated; Utterance; Sentence; Philosophy; Epistemology; Focus (optics); Metaphysics; Proposition; Linguistics; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02488345560459136,"gpt":0.3164773129469843,"spread":0.2915938573423929,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002753853,0.00009278548,0.00009424012,0.00003634913,0.00006506872,0.0000174803,0.0004912582,0.00009967182,0.00638525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004571613,0.00007338606,0.0000493701,0.0001471896,0.0002972482,0.00004589797,0.00008838269,0.0002142854,0.002229993],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008757333,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009437304,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007077237,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002703493,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991297,0.00005462495,0.0001112173,0.0002574153,0.0001604241,0.0002866338],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998834,0.0003635257,0.00003047289,0.0006053913,0.00002092553,0.0001456832],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001649273,0.0001201897,0.00004276487,0.000001016182,0.00001816633,0.0000289837,0.0005447971,6.379355e-8,0.01854849,0.9743255,0.000865786,0.005339324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002619318,0.0004605887,0.009995986,0.00001429515,0.00005982863,0.00003195352,0.0004672286,0.00005893316,0.0159118,0.8998888,0.06987948,0.0006118135],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.466716,0.00001770004,0.00002469301,0.001810031,0.002142896,0.00006513565,0.00001105942,0.00006303821,0.5291494],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986419,7.830133e-7,0.0002741436,0.000178229,0.0002483042,0.00002032203,0.000001494175,0.000007689427,0.0006271212],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5319259,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985469,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2121390337","doi":"10.1023/a:1013135211562","title":"Smith On Times And Tokens","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Philosophy and Theoretical Science","field":"Psychology","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy of language; Philosophy; Utterance; Epistemology; Argument (complex analysis); Metaphysics; Philosophy of science; Sentence; Odds; Linguistics; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02218018614109258,"gpt":0.3023648300719003,"spread":0.2801846439308077,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001261048,0.00005137729,0.00005816867,0.00002201193,0.00004262652,0.000009994752,0.00008763473,0.00003362104,0.002737271],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006913702,0.00003678578,0.00001580669,0.00006948612,0.0001787377,0.00002491345,0.00001861476,0.00005989596,0.001177357],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004389866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002954753,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001192248,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.312518e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995348,0.00004222445,0.00004896614,0.0001541136,0.00006548277,0.0001543862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995698,0.0001747115,0.00001103687,0.0001640862,0.000005216873,0.00007509939],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004544471,0.00005440964,0.0006049677,8.065102e-7,0.000005456976,0.0000366484,0.0002608775,2.005531e-7,0.00008243652,0.9779506,0.0003844079,0.02057368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003330209,0.0003353849,0.03571213,0.00004078377,0.00001350779,0.00009878008,0.0002299926,0.0000596734,0.0007640997,0.8877345,0.07442737,0.0002507398],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2650757,0.00007847092,0.00003148226,0.001801293,0.0001065616,0.00003215361,0.000002143193,0.00002610156,0.7328461],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962208,0.00001147948,0.00002892741,0.0004741318,0.00008003781,0.000004671869,1.248213e-7,0.000003822031,0.00317606],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7311451,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996004,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2075522519","doi":"10.1007/s11229-010-9713-7","title":"Clarity about concessive knowledge attributions: reply to Dodd","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"CLARITY; Attribution; Epistemology; Philosophy of language; Philosophy; Philosophy of science; Pace; Psychology; Metaphysics; Social psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06596993155315543,"gpt":0.319403231354713,"spread":0.2534332998015575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005817282,0.0001547239,0.0002512101,0.0000639762,0.0004682404,0.0001232761,0.0002737306,0.0001172274,0.001709486],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009177905,0.0001311534,0.0001179397,0.00004584574,0.0007223887,0.0001616162,0.00007985946,0.0005953411,0.001456058],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002132528,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001087304,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005817366,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006155107,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989249,0.0001131861,0.0002427555,0.0002957211,0.0001213486,0.0003021249],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984507,0.0004555155,0.00008837784,0.0004761212,0.0003850102,0.0001442684],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001423655,0.0001312413,0.0003146947,0.00004189162,0.0000413638,0.000005956146,0.02871815,2.897612e-7,0.001027283,0.9457507,0.02079383,0.003160388],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001131304,0.00004490647,0.0008391415,0.00004142864,0.00003096573,0.000002981334,0.002173119,0.000006765372,0.001059999,0.01523894,0.9802501,0.0001985608],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3650507,0.0008102265,0.0001710852,0.00828977,0.0075284,0.0005672689,0.0003558686,0.000309789,0.6169169],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9677055,0.00001690904,0.0001804324,0.001866574,0.001928563,0.00006156548,0.00001559029,0.00002015022,0.02820465],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9594562,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993214,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366684024","doi":"10.1007/s11229-023-04160-z","title":"Is there causation in fundamental physics? New insights from process matrices and quantum causal modelling","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"John Templeton Foundation","keywords":"Causation; Causal model; Causal structure; Philosophy of science; Causal reasoning; Quantum; Generalization; Causality (physics); Epistemology; Theoretical physics; Cognitive science; Computer science; Psychology; Mathematics; Physics; Philosophy; Quantum mechanics; Cognition","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03387608413496974,"gpt":0.2816548580493555,"spread":0.2477787739143857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003791885,0.0001122776,0.0001221472,0.00004878662,0.0001000186,0.00008221572,0.00008604013,0.00002973485,0.00009748112],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000110775,0.0001033167,0.00002889173,0.0002717958,0.00001627547,0.0001495287,0.00003248134,0.00008955349,0.0001140863],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001169253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004757878,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002774976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003293658,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993411,0.00001440318,0.0001438874,0.0002422807,0.0001102462,0.0001481302],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999665,0.00006087802,0.00006328533,0.0001366982,0.00001507628,0.00005906687],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004814329,0.0004802654,0.03639562,0.00008675533,0.0001983538,0.000008325025,0.02204806,0.005402999,0.008802851,0.8834367,0.001028391,0.04206348],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001764349,0.000008787599,0.0009339296,0.00005074324,0.0000130233,6.430268e-8,0.002018503,0.3385112,0.002544709,0.6549892,0.0006139386,0.0001394699],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9808159,0.0001164223,0.0182218,0.0002654296,0.00004076136,0.0001648574,0.00007230219,0.00003769545,0.0002648427],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994544,0.00002325748,0.00007755985,0.00001522683,0.0002465363,0.00004199667,0.00005902179,0.00001826816,0.00006370055],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3331082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4213131,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2037036822","doi":"10.1007/s11229-009-9667-9","title":"On the creative role of axiomatics. The discovery of lattices by Schröder, Dedekind, Birkhoff, and others","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Advanced Algebra and Logic","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Dedekind cut; Axiom; Epistemology; Philosophy of science; Philosophy of language; Metaphysics; Perspective (graphical); Mathematics; Axiomatic system; Algebra over a field; Calculus (dental); Philosophy; Computer science; Pure mathematics; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008420275351095527,"gpt":0.2279796315742306,"spread":0.2195593562231351,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002043581,0.00009267742,0.0001335123,0.00002819988,0.00007655057,0.00004255037,0.0005071942,0.0000260703,0.000009032313],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001632619,0.00004325053,0.00003937394,0.0001597795,0.0001830865,0.0002453116,0.00005910974,0.00006646652,0.000003435585],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005877865,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001466274,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002364979,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003823404,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993235,0.00009062309,0.0001417169,0.0001478289,0.0001724872,0.0001238395],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998602,0.0008181494,0.0001445374,0.0003932397,0.00002195089,0.00002016782],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003479129,0.0002009603,0.0003154065,0.00001538209,0.00005460601,0.00000165253,0.005716841,0.0001103836,0.02977164,0.8925809,0.0002613162,0.07093608],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003383578,0.0006199334,0.007054891,0.0002185443,0.0000321258,0.000007074866,0.004850945,0.01038305,0.2771155,0.6983919,0.0006911387,0.0002966021],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9620834,0.001226842,0.02626438,0.002496272,0.00003430904,0.0002149822,0.00001006117,0.000026493,0.007643251],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985906,0.0000380478,0.0009668948,0.0002711718,0.000008175048,0.000004138311,1.660477e-7,0.000003674103,0.0001171323],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2473439,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1763705,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2514188375","doi":"10.1007/s11229-016-1179-9","title":"Entity realism and singularist semirealism","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Lingnan University; University of British Columbia; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; University of Cambridge","keywords":"Realism; Scientific realism; Philosophy of science; Epistemology; Philosophical realism; Philosophy of language; Novelty; Metaphysics; Philosophy; Critical realism (philosophy of perception); Direct and indirect realism; Scientific theory","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02571662977045229,"gpt":0.1882305281365478,"spread":0.1625138983660955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001597431,0.00006863695,0.0000821112,0.00004275062,0.0003272897,0.00006846766,0.0001097856,0.00002104286,0.0009038705],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000604048,0.00004335533,0.00002711214,0.00001021046,0.000828555,0.0002598077,0.00003271554,0.00003289976,0.0001084727],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002059016,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001209166,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004691358,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005688565,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994885,0.00002068096,0.0000839744,0.0001640233,0.0001124009,0.000130412],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996591,0.00006014231,0.00003480306,0.0001521063,0.00002865924,0.00006525569],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007136962,0.00002368387,0.00005856994,0.000009712412,0.000006026751,0.000007932203,0.009193236,9.588165e-9,0.002886382,0.9692255,0.00511694,0.01346484],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000986939,0.00002564859,0.0002629281,0.00005492173,0.000008206705,0.00000481296,0.0003053111,0.000001999076,0.0003114881,0.09373362,0.9050634,0.000128986],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2403731,0.0004046989,0.00004576736,0.007645892,0.0008531284,0.00009615394,0.00010965,0.0001481021,0.7503235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.987453,0.00003057181,0.00003029182,0.0002036241,0.0003654345,0.000003509534,6.196024e-7,0.000005671655,0.01190725],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8999465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9896749,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2913480710","doi":"10.1007/s11229-019-02108-w","title":"Information elaboration and epistemic effects of diversity","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"British Columbia Centre on Substance Use; University of British Columbia","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia","keywords":"Diversity (politics); Philosophy of language; Elaboration; Epistemology; Philosophy of science; Metaphysics; Perspective (graphical); Sociology; Process (computing); Psychology; Social psychology; Philosophy; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01079746386255601,"gpt":0.2674388092484245,"spread":0.2566413453858685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001205745,0.00002600027,0.00005928122,0.00002202813,0.0001135858,0.00001029655,0.00004162408,0.00002390752,0.00001712216],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006082203,0.00002644159,0.00001012642,0.00003646753,0.00007305192,0.0004226663,0.00007714289,0.00001670294,0.00005253803],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004618637,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001152108,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001642307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001246303,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997709,0.00002676661,0.00005976087,0.00003133386,0.00005894028,0.00005230019],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998027,0.00006574221,0.00004986181,0.00004178286,0.00002303633,0.00001684027],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002318752,0.00003357572,0.8008575,0.00011079,0.00001734925,2.457994e-7,0.1249413,0.000002044697,0.01712867,0.04873358,0.0000945235,0.008057283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001998804,0.000492222,0.562871,0.0003478243,0.0001058465,8.830465e-7,0.2168655,0.0001065684,0.1976192,0.01029052,0.008461823,0.0008397393],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9877078,0.00006234217,0.000004096622,0.0001342393,0.0001237649,0.0001661041,0.000002258412,0.000010877,0.01178851],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997856,0.0000565612,0.00004396152,0.00001634565,0.000006347488,0.000002456426,7.538227e-7,8.752379e-7,0.00008710943],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2379864,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2482688,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047762204","doi":"10.1007/s11229-011-9979-4","title":"Physico-mathematics and the search for causes in Descartes’ optics—1619–1637","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Historical Philosophy and Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Campion College","funders":"","keywords":"Causation; Philosophy of science; Epistemology; Philosophy of mathematics; Natural (archaeology); Mathematical practice; Natural philosophy; Philosophy of language; Metaphysics; Philosophy; Ptolemy's table of chords; Natural law; Natural science; Realm; Mathematics; History; Classics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1486675590122452,"gpt":0.252053770884326,"spread":0.1033862118720808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003664076,0.00007268485,0.000135099,0.00003592956,0.0002188776,0.00005038269,0.0001617255,0.00001755388,0.0001071778],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001155747,0.00004241499,0.00004303883,0.00003021658,0.0006620067,0.000118612,0.00003098711,0.00007186466,0.0000283352],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001431165,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001371482,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000159872,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001901001,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999459,0.00002655498,0.0001242772,0.0001199575,0.0001073037,0.000162925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992668,0.0004737874,0.00002589063,0.0001556609,0.00004121379,0.00003663352],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002017538,0.000064465,0.0000113525,0.00002524011,0.000004938647,9.337865e-7,0.09401315,5.819276e-7,0.00003894663,0.9051899,0.00007827221,0.0005520629],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001450595,0.0002568517,0.0001390053,0.0001619731,0.00007034089,0.000005396519,0.03031082,0.005623318,0.002626166,0.9383091,0.02053048,0.0005159576],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3427286,0.0004507392,0.0007229549,0.001624972,0.0006071451,0.001062063,0.00004580914,0.00008083448,0.6526769],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981893,0.000009364872,0.0004529108,0.00008531862,0.000158376,0.00003918498,2.752322e-7,0.000007690865,0.00105756],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6554607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2439191,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2167813430","doi":"10.1007/s11229-014-0456-8","title":"Presentism, truthmakers and distributional properties","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Philosophy and Theoretical Science","field":"Psychology","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Presentism; Metaphysics; Epistemology; Philosophy of science; Property (philosophy); Simple (philosophy); Appeal; Philosophy of language; Philosophy; Face (sociological concept); Mathematical economics; Individuation; Computer science; Calculus (dental); Mathematics; Linguistics; Psychology; Law; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01974269648663026,"gpt":0.2562808492327195,"spread":0.2365381527460892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000225618,0.000054908,0.00006508948,0.00001361101,0.00006927079,0.00001899552,0.00009999627,0.00003618696,0.000569629],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002402874,0.00003821826,0.00002657907,0.0000507657,0.0004560893,0.00004598446,0.00003799707,0.00005629311,0.0001997927],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005113206,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000404739,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002428068,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.198691e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994125,0.0000893282,0.00006835652,0.0001693,0.00009642879,0.0001640208],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996279,0.0001259116,0.00001553116,0.000139609,0.00001147818,0.00007949934],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002453707,0.00003133611,0.0003189277,0.000003037291,0.00000871203,0.000001726006,0.0002061488,1.768564e-7,0.0004283008,0.9924561,0.0001212898,0.006399645],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004431454,0.0001513426,0.04479925,0.00004398392,0.00002516324,0.00005914763,0.000251093,0.0005325389,0.002693015,0.9128525,0.03783995,0.0003088792],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6217299,0.00020976,0.001905582,0.003554989,0.0003672552,0.0001037882,0.00002524972,0.00006103758,0.3720424],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991865,0.000001218709,0.00002717353,0.0001003581,0.00009765856,0.0000149639,0.000001494448,0.000003363607,0.0005673171],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3774565,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6237038,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}