{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":169,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":169,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"410679c8a305","filters":{"venue":"Systematic Biology"}},"results":[{"id":"W2165339928","doi":"10.1080/10635150500354886","title":"The Promise of DNA Barcoding for Taxonomy","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Identification and Quantification in Food","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":1327,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation","keywords":"DNA barcoding; Biology; Taxonomy (biology); Evolutionary biology; Molecular taxonomy; Computational biology; Zoology; Phylogenetics; Genetics; Gene","authors":[{"name":"Paul D. N. Hebert","is_ca":true},{"name":"T. Ryan Gregory","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04359060132856583,"gpt":0.2915600360355908,"spread":0.247969434707025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006128363,0.00006774029,0.000142098,0.00002174328,0.0001085838,0.00001427895,0.0002132371,0.00008195452,0.000005113116],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000345524,0.00004430886,0.00008010046,0.00003400694,0.00009662136,0.0000014222,0.00003501296,0.00002313284,0.00001344618],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000626116,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003338825,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":7.56767e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006673555,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991715,0.0001077237,0.0004125277,0.000157456,0.00003272271,0.0001180458],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991372,0.00007225261,0.0002523171,0.0003792845,0.0001365373,0.00002245665],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003033428,0.00003948314,0.0003412105,0.002639782,0.0001009601,1.185615e-8,0.00006457815,0.00001255757,0.9406813,0.05436612,0.001217042,0.000506665],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006540024,0.0001630909,0.0002139555,0.0002453639,0.00005278729,0.000009562276,0.0004612857,0.001178763,0.9476776,0.0004552618,0.04870088,0.0001874946],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8322039,0.003251471,0.1522799,0.002712455,0.0009513548,0.006432657,0.00004572426,0.00003889149,0.002083658],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969175,0.00001444649,0.001366498,0.00004809625,0.0001037472,0.000863237,0.00003280654,0.000006570033,0.0006470416],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1647137,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1806863,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2151062029","doi":"10.1080/10635150701607033","title":"Estimating a Binary Character's Effect on Speciation and Extinction","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Evolution and Paleontology Studies","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":1209,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Evolutionary Synthesis Center; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Genetic algorithm; Character (mathematics); Macroevolution; Biology; Extinction (optical mineralogy); Character evolution; Phylogenetic tree; Binary number; Extant taxon; Evolutionary biology; Lineage (genetic); Statistical physics; Statistics; Mathematics; Physics; Clade; Genetics; Paleontology","authors":[{"name":"Wayne P. Maddison","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter Midford","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sarah P. Otto","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01486909985367422,"gpt":0.2521573537780727,"spread":0.2372882539243985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001204263,0.00009181115,0.0002447822,0.00008646026,0.0001445902,0.000009957726,0.00004179683,0.00008926393,0.00007636196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002519431,0.00006070426,0.00002414891,0.00006559111,0.00006224389,0.00003675128,0.000005728783,0.00007964035,0.0001458179],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004473636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003939161,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006079349,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001400449,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991199,0.000252642,0.0002494694,0.0001596908,0.00005204906,0.0001661982],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989505,0.0007629293,0.0001460021,0.00008525787,0.00001636456,0.00003890212],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003445518,0.000004596544,0.9951803,0.001583062,0.00002622022,0.000004271461,0.0002092445,0.00002297733,0.0001298218,0.000208687,0.000008302377,0.00258803],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001684154,0.0004901428,0.9903314,0.000347221,0.00001887519,0.00003545039,0.00009715472,0.00813962,0.00002033633,0.0002688338,0.000009786017,0.00007284052],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921555,0.0006510143,0.001309659,0.000100701,0.000848769,0.0003476571,0.000003439658,0.00004576371,0.004537511],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991825,0.000002819116,0.0005099858,0.0001113651,0.0001492937,0.000002821571,0.00001730037,0.000001042406,0.00002284466],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008116643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2475448,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2128252278","doi":"10.1080/10635150500354928","title":"Inferring Phylogeny Despite Incomplete Lineage Sorting","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Genetic diversity and population structure","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":1179,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biology; Phylogenetics; Evolutionary biology; Lineage (genetic); Coalescent theory; Sorting; Zoology; Genetics; Algorithm; Computer science; Gene","authors":[{"name":"Wayne P. Maddison","is_ca":true},{"name":"L. Lacey Knowles","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01276121402135305,"gpt":0.2396869265024123,"spread":0.2269257124810593,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002414105,0.0001453452,0.0002566939,0.00005217052,0.0001095634,0.00002246608,0.0001864097,0.0002045821,0.00002255941],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007784044,0.0001258291,0.00009463126,0.00006649677,0.00005875503,0.000001811068,0.000168568,0.00006822133,0.00002906581],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008561736,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002044484,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006378075,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005083036,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988948,0.0001595758,0.0003961788,0.0002624098,0.00006352374,0.0002235034],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993537,0.00001835431,0.0002171878,0.000305159,0.00006617146,0.00003941426],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001881018,0.00002864564,0.2419613,0.003322706,0.0001080231,0.000004289254,0.0001030933,0.001427005,0.7467428,0.006051438,0.000156536,0.00007533508],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00508075,0.001171544,0.5846574,0.002482725,0.0005596828,0.0004529325,0.001213699,0.005164998,0.3675396,0.02303079,0.005443621,0.003202267],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9849102,0.0004891978,0.01282852,0.00002558606,0.0002339998,0.0003073546,0.00001317699,0.00002411417,0.001167835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971787,0.000002381174,0.002082577,0.0001535242,0.000263031,0.00001541896,0.0001296344,0.00001002067,0.0001646519],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3792032,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.513116,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2152298208","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syt022","title":"PhyloBayes MPI: Phylogenetic Reconstruction with Infinite Mixtures of Profiles in a Parallel Environment","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Bayesian Methods and Mixture Models","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":936,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Dirichlet process; Phylogenomics; Hierarchical Dirichlet process; Dirichlet distribution; Gibbs sampling; Inference; Representation (politics); Tree (set theory); Phylogenetic tree; Algorithm; Theoretical computer science; Bayesian probability; Latent Dirichlet allocation; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Topic model; Combinatorics; Biology; Boundary value problem","authors":[{"name":"Nicolas Lartillot","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicolas Rodrigue","is_ca":true},{"name":"Daniel Stubbs","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jacques Richer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01132984968193786,"gpt":0.22191598189564,"spread":0.2105861322137021,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000388725,0.0001544729,0.0004838354,0.0001344572,0.00002329249,0.00002290817,0.00036416,0.0001209659,0.00002002259],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002987906,0.00009709443,0.00004427782,0.0001370669,0.0001180128,0.00008734352,0.00009816771,0.0000913467,0.00001767327],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002054749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002983197,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000649772,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006544609,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983173,0.0005602055,0.0005020757,0.0003137772,0.00008800294,0.0002186398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990082,0.0001349406,0.0002943086,0.0004836112,0.00003376909,0.00004512804],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000669699,0.0006301562,0.1262728,0.04511294,0.0005871805,0.00002417109,0.00875141,0.001084294,0.1952862,0.5137557,0.00007509468,0.1083532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002974501,0.001977353,0.05667921,0.009489769,0.000102075,0.0006714131,0.0004839793,0.1199513,0.02279032,0.7834322,0.00001238424,0.001435522],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1759017,0.0005762912,0.8220927,0.0001387719,0.0000859822,0.0009506887,0.00000132294,0.00001978404,0.0002328379],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.629857,0.00001147083,0.3698386,0.00003274267,0.00001021605,0.0002354088,6.580859e-7,0.000003672391,0.00001028003],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4539554,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3959396,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113525598","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syr107","title":"Best Practices for Justifying Fossil Calibrations","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Evolution and Paleontology Studies","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":788,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Environment Research Council; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; University of Bristol; Sight Research UK; Leverhulme Trust; University of Utah; National Evolutionary Synthesis Center; California State University, East Bay; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Scopus; Biology; Process (computing); Computer science; MEDLINE; Programming language","authors":[{"name":"James F. Parham","is_ca":false},{"name":"Philip C. J. Donoghue","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher J. Bell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tyler Calway","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jason J. Head","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patricia A. Holroyd","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jun Inoue","is_ca":false},{"name":"Randall B. Irmis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Walter G. Joyce","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel T. Ksepka","is_ca":false},{"name":"José Salvatore Leister Patané","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nathan D. Smith","is_ca":false},{"name":"James E. Tarver","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marcel van Tuinen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ziheng Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kenneth D. Angielczyk","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jenny M. Greenwood","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christy A. Hipsley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Louis L. Jacobs","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter J. Makovicky","is_ca":false},{"name":"Johannes Müller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Krister T. Smith","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jessica M. Theodor","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rachel C. M. Warnock","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael J. Benton","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.309442212982025,"gpt":0.3446119722224739,"spread":0.03516975924044891,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003938656,0.00008517854,0.0002458436,0.00004870711,0.0002406204,0.00001248179,0.0001299786,0.00009778547,0.0003095837],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006555323,0.00005758043,0.00004824062,0.00006340468,0.0001165889,0.00009205737,0.000007125831,0.0000553865,0.000187041],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000156195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002779037,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001482212,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02847518,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991281,0.0002030138,0.0002829833,0.0001624476,0.00003448593,0.0001889665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988544,0.0005714207,0.0003404693,0.0001364104,0.00005257043,0.00004470678],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002359963,0.0000249377,0.979536,0.005788705,0.0001334102,0.00000187371,0.002217398,0.000007723704,0.00002194772,0.01158762,0.0002344084,0.000422407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002153258,0.002306045,0.8534568,0.003003362,0.00140859,0.0003407623,0.03787359,0.04408053,0.0001884915,0.04938786,0.00430338,0.00149734],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4727573,0.04398689,0.07549371,0.003138409,0.006849454,0.006172423,0.0004193249,0.0004853444,0.3906972],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934471,0.00001572173,0.005967613,0.0001101392,0.00006067096,0.0000343066,0.00001606426,0.00000128862,0.0003470428],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5206898,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9892526,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098538101","doi":"10.1080/10635150500433722","title":"Computing Bayes Factors Using Thermodynamic Integration","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":716,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","keywords":"Bayes factor; Estimator; Bayes' theorem; Marginal likelihood; Harmonic mean; Mathematics; Bayesian probability; Applied mathematics; Bayes estimator; Harmonic; Statistics; Econometrics; Statistical physics; Computer science; Algorithm; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Nicolas Lartillot","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hervé Philippe","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01469156181057883,"gpt":0.2504646896414467,"spread":0.2357731278308679,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001775065,0.0001478485,0.0002556831,0.0000365004,0.00009648718,0.0000158387,0.0001211376,0.0001271458,0.000002195272],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004291499,0.0001079452,0.00008051747,0.00004246524,0.00006185094,3.623474e-7,0.00009569267,0.00004072513,0.000002510318],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001607455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002118569,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000191196,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008566464,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990888,0.000137702,0.0003209705,0.0002330133,0.00003681973,0.0001827162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995227,0.00002833634,0.0001594028,0.0002149671,0.0000556143,0.00001895786],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003227994,0.0000149813,0.02723385,0.0004526399,0.00005313033,2.39058e-7,0.00006918268,0.000303291,0.9703331,0.001500345,0.000005206414,0.00003082613],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002857564,0.001566206,0.2980591,0.003313885,0.0006785517,0.0002170833,0.006390538,0.1792468,0.4743426,0.02984935,0.0001540941,0.003324209],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9623138,0.001215118,0.03560713,0.00001110541,0.0002335654,0.0002951956,0.000009283842,0.000006696639,0.0003080949],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984415,0.000004795657,0.001305392,0.00002386027,0.0001367232,0.000007323302,0.00004613219,0.00001277819,0.00002152951],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4959905,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4401876,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2140148710","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syp020","title":"The Ascomycota Tree of Life: A Phylum-wide Phylogeny Clarifies the Origin and Evolution of Fundamental Reproductive and Ecological Traits","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Lichen and fungal ecology","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":664,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brandon University; Victoria Park; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Ascomycota; Phylogenetics; Phylum; Phylogenetic tree; Evolutionary biology; Ascus (bryozoa); Botany; Maximum parsimony; Gene; Clade; Genetics; Ascospore; Spore","authors":[{"name":"Conrad L. Schoch","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gi‐Ho Sung","is_ca":false},{"name":"Francesc López‐Giráldez","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey P. Townsend","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jolanta Miądlikowska","is_ca":false},{"name":"Valérie Hofstetter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Barbara Robbertse","is_ca":false},{"name":"P. Brandon Matheny","is_ca":false},{"name":"Frank Kauff","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zheng Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cécile Gueidan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rachael M. Andrie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kristin M. Trippe","is_ca":false},{"name":"Linda M. Ciufetti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anja Amtoft Wynns","is_ca":false},{"name":"Emily Fraker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brendan P. Hodkinson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gregory Bonito","is_ca":false},{"name":"J.Z. Groenewald","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mahdi Arzanlou","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sybren de Hoog","is_ca":false},{"name":"P.W. Crous","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Hewitt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Donald H. Pfister","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kristin R. Peterson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marieka Gryzenhout","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael J. Wingfield","is_ca":false},{"name":"André Aptroot","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sung‐Oui Suh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Meredith Blackwell","is_ca":false},{"name":"David M. Hillis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gareth Griffith","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lisa A. Castlebury","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amy Y. Rossman","is_ca":false},{"name":"H. Thorsten Lumbsch","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert Lücking","is_ca":false},{"name":"Burkhard Büdel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alexandra Rauhut","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul Diederich","is_ca":false},{"name":"Damien Ertz","is_ca":false},{"name":"David M. Geiser","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kentaro Hosaka","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patrik Inderbitzin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jan Kohlmeyer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brigitte Volkmann‐Kohlmeyer","is_ca":false},{"name":"L. Mostert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kerry O’Donnell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Harrie J. M. Sipman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jack D. Rogers","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. A. Shoemaker","is_ca":true},{"name":"Junta Sugiyama","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard C. Summerbell","is_ca":true},{"name":"Wendy A. Untereiner","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter R. Johnston","is_ca":false},{"name":"Soili Stenroos","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alga Zuccaro","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul S. Dyer","is_ca":false},{"name":"P. D. Crittenden","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mariette S. Cole","is_ca":false},{"name":"Karen Hansen","is_ca":false},{"name":"James M. Trappe","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rebecca Yahr","is_ca":false},{"name":"François Lutzoni","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joseph W. Spatafora","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01688832220011057,"gpt":0.2238272782478453,"spread":0.2069389560477347,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009180099,0.0001115879,0.000410472,0.000009390465,0.0001919848,0.00001459726,0.0001982302,0.0001534116,0.00001110719],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006494254,0.00002872375,0.00005941492,0.0001259426,0.0005176085,0.00002765473,0.00007426253,0.0001147795,0.000001297374],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001683513,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001300762,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007207791,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003372739,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984993,0.0005795538,0.0004257915,0.0002470383,0.00006495441,0.0001833503],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998288,0.001237375,0.0002926904,0.0000869001,0.00005566733,0.00003931174],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000239815,0.0003121911,0.3732982,0.0009593735,0.0002435194,0.000001344962,0.001323574,0.000001300131,0.4961278,0.1227114,0.0001588453,0.004622624],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001402605,0.0009757091,0.9828814,0.00005604104,0.00003281701,0.00001742467,0.002141614,0.0000391244,0.0002791723,0.01333243,0.00003766211,0.00006636891],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.993174,0.002792338,0.000005122738,0.0030982,0.00008554825,0.0006287829,0.00001384194,0.00001115482,0.0001910811],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996586,0.00004843978,0.00003399331,0.0001322462,0.00006930199,0.0000280152,0.000002305867,3.977372e-7,0.00002666875],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6095832,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.190715,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2131013059","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syp067","title":"Estimating Trait-Dependent Speciation and Extinction Rates from Incompletely Resolved Phylogenies","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Evolution and Paleontology Studies","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":608,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Phylogenetic tree; Extinction (optical mineralogy); Genetic algorithm; Evolutionary biology; Clade; Phylogenetics; Trait; Ecology; Genetics; Paleontology; Gene","authors":[{"name":"Richard G. FitzJohn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wayne P. Maddison","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sarah P. Otto","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03068396282788293,"gpt":0.2559618098926812,"spread":0.2252778470647983,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000364355,0.0001202184,0.0003449809,0.00005999092,0.0001985266,0.00002778526,0.00008094143,0.0001011766,0.0001558159],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002115892,0.00008706811,0.00003091428,0.0000587934,0.00008146766,0.0000602088,0.00000722668,0.00008197631,0.00004631717],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004661004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009409803,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005026303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007719092,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988304,0.0003317202,0.0003696695,0.0002245611,0.00006919724,0.0001744537],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992366,0.0003816985,0.000196571,0.0001094548,0.00003274692,0.00004288994],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003679216,0.00001368327,0.9907806,0.0006204957,0.00008744017,0.000003825908,0.001485769,0.0002242566,0.0009899521,0.0004402098,0.00003958587,0.005277387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002269262,0.0001426594,0.9655336,0.0001729124,0.00003345831,0.00001693522,0.0005958803,0.02182649,0.00002462562,0.01131003,0.00000677988,0.0001097458],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9875703,0.003681312,0.005263071,0.0004665717,0.0004960105,0.0003473841,0.00004433433,0.00006456475,0.002066485],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954894,0.00001209901,0.004083546,0.000183066,0.0001519188,0.000003038091,0.00006166336,0.000001026399,0.00001420317],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02524704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4307435,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2950352437","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syy086","title":"A Universal Probe Set for Targeted Sequencing of 353 Nuclear Genes from Any Flowering Plant Designed Using k-Medoids Clustering","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Chromosomal and Genetic Variations","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":600,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Sackler Trust; Calleva Foundation; Garfield Weston Foundation; Texas Tech University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Biology; Set (abstract data type); Cluster analysis; Computational biology; Nuclear gene; Genetics; Gene; Statistics; Mathematics; Computer science; Genome","authors":[{"name":"Matthew G. Johnson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lisa Pokorny","is_ca":false},{"name":"Steven Dodsworth","is_ca":false},{"name":"Laura R. Botigué","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robyn S. Cowan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alison Devault","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wolf L. Eiserhardt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Niroshini Epitawalage","is_ca":false},{"name":"Félix Forest","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jan T. Kim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ilia J. Leitch","is_ca":false},{"name":"Olivier Maurin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pamela S. Soltis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gane Ka‐Shu Wong","is_ca":true},{"name":"William J. Baker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Norman J. Wickett","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04923635581041698,"gpt":0.2417273284502995,"spread":0.1924909726398825,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002363731,0.0001267746,0.0003600489,0.0000180883,0.0001884671,0.00002127918,0.0001970452,0.0001327529,0.0001043454],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000782778,0.00005423327,0.00008164555,0.0001304594,0.00007944381,0.00004209222,0.0001014947,0.00003489665,0.000005430257],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005053611,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002088979,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006568606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00056417,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989356,0.0001465665,0.0003835208,0.0002412411,0.00006241208,0.0002306879],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933,0.0002229526,0.000216968,0.00007620679,0.000101247,0.00005258244],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002419294,0.00001016309,0.0005330819,0.0005318769,0.00005156923,7.859335e-7,0.0007416009,0.00004536098,0.9977317,0.0002369808,0.000001607645,0.00009111677],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002209138,0.004242166,0.01102461,0.008747874,0.0006891247,0.0001637744,0.01793165,0.6509386,0.292516,0.009554749,0.0002452895,0.001736977],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9928221,0.0001237092,0.005755398,0.00005331442,0.0002439805,0.0006801282,0.0002579285,0.00004436925,0.00001907583],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9890469,0.000001890871,0.01059869,0.00002673472,0.0002385522,0.00001720168,0.00006321631,0.000001818921,0.00000502847],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7052157,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2211569,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2744971808","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syx068","title":"Modeling Site Heterogeneity with Posterior Mean Site Frequency Profiles Accelerates Accurate Phylogenomic Estimation","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":545,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Austrian Science Fund","keywords":"PMSF; Tree (set theory); Mixture model; Speedup; Biological system; Computer science; Mathematics; Biology; Statistics; Parallel computing; Combinatorics","authors":[{"name":"Huai-Chun Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bùi Quang Minh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Edward Susko","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrew J. Roger","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02829773744617561,"gpt":0.2798495343751516,"spread":0.2515517969289761,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003554756,0.0003269189,0.0005299348,0.00004853871,0.0004994744,0.0001518445,0.0004471402,0.0002061575,0.000004049405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010937,0.0002386649,0.00010708,0.00002580122,0.0001627064,0.000004763644,0.0003420321,0.00008238603,0.00003030992],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002188237,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006594689,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001719872,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000479657,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983178,0.0001680713,0.0004987938,0.0005676331,0.00007697222,0.000370752],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982507,0.00001767702,0.0004366126,0.001036885,0.0001774304,0.00008070665],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005482915,0.00002562247,0.04257235,0.001716944,0.0002644533,0.000003056816,0.0002706144,0.002393522,0.9525114,0.00009951297,0.000001973873,0.00008570373],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005756094,0.004304203,0.08836512,0.003953882,0.001117392,0.0006564845,0.0009770235,0.2429264,0.6435521,0.004317319,0.00002171766,0.004052182],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921668,0.001523756,0.004856115,0.00008959364,0.0001914921,0.0009612587,0.00009237895,0.00001211189,0.0001065278],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954447,0.00005180547,0.003940221,0.00007678654,0.0001336552,0.0001956923,0.0001044955,0.00003294949,0.00001968782],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3089593,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9732472,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2138798117","doi":"10.1080/10635150252899734","title":"A Statistical Test for Host–Parasite Coevolution","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":534,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Coevolution; Host (biology); Biology; Parasite hosting; Type I and type II errors; Phylogenetic tree; Statistical hypothesis testing; Evolutionary biology; Statistics; Ecology; Genetics; Mathematics; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Pierre Legendre","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yves Desdevises","is_ca":true},{"name":"Éric Bazin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0138222575874744,"gpt":0.2737408726872037,"spread":0.2599186150997292,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002439726,0.0001361288,0.0002515933,0.00003672358,0.00007739062,0.00001231819,0.0001368226,0.0002060144,0.00004536587],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007697935,0.0001157204,0.00007602888,0.00004864716,0.000108802,0.000001172291,0.00005102716,0.00004889785,0.00007867614],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001780585,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001632795,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004381607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002207647,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989312,0.0001193201,0.0003477619,0.0002912542,0.00005260919,0.0002579001],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992945,0.0001113718,0.0001158711,0.0003084656,0.00009526821,0.00007453791],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001097168,0.0007975323,0.06313723,0.01878057,0.0004522248,0.000004715804,0.000322859,0.0002242409,0.8279326,0.06484996,0.02298533,0.0004030102],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01329781,0.0136235,0.073525,0.002724429,0.001091888,0.001021286,0.00116178,0.8362288,0.01545331,0.0185508,0.01885693,0.0044644],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1761475,0.002748763,0.8170919,0.000359454,0.0004240273,0.001712184,0.0003440832,0.00005068845,0.001121381],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923856,0.00003198551,0.006032412,0.0002176923,0.0001170838,0.0002015758,0.0001817531,0.00001444421,0.0008174299],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8360046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4718942,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086293112","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syu070","title":"The Unsolved Challenge to Phylogenetic Correlation Tests for Categorical Characters","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Genetic diversity and population structure","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":510,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Boulevard; Columbia university; Biology; Archaeology; Biodiversity; Categorical variable; Geography; Ecology; Media studies; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Wayne P. Maddison","is_ca":true},{"name":"Richard G. FitzJohn","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01853804765565262,"gpt":0.2615785351934117,"spread":0.2430404875377591,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003847169,0.0001251212,0.0001983932,0.00002876034,0.000189872,0.00002231904,0.0002282892,0.0001915374,0.000002724094],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003896956,0.00008492258,0.00007846864,0.00005026238,0.00004745444,0.000001036997,0.00007772427,0.00004614918,0.00002764004],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009819432,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001829494,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004355939,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002869628,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990001,0.0002014395,0.0002648133,0.0002571977,0.00006022597,0.0002162699],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992285,0.0001136328,0.0001306184,0.0003505638,0.0001032859,0.00007333232],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009337913,0.0002568843,0.07408839,0.01306473,0.001166272,0.000001749859,0.003177351,0.005256886,0.6731465,0.2123799,0.004745353,0.01178223],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01533935,0.01908906,0.5399752,0.002030225,0.001738501,0.0003098308,0.004252311,0.03778873,0.0472214,0.1503643,0.1751913,0.006699738],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8641588,0.0005292782,0.1303665,0.001610928,0.001143009,0.001873733,0.00001628284,0.000022647,0.0002787558],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985398,0.0000106038,0.0005619938,0.0002901425,0.0002004656,0.0001211416,0.00008220651,0.000009406202,0.0001842636],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6259251,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3463042,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139771752","doi":"10.1080/10635150701420643","title":"Inferring Speciation Times under an Episodic Molecular Clock","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Evolution and Paleontology Studies","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":495,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Human Genome Research Institute; Natural Environment Research Council; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; National Institutes of Health; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Divergence (linguistics); Statistics; Bayesian probability; Markov chain Monte Carlo; Biology; Posterior probability; Sampling (signal processing); Bayes' theorem; Sequence (biology); Mathematics; Algorithm; Computer science; Filter (signal processing); Genetics","authors":[{"name":"Bruce Rannala","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ziheng Yang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02150492562701795,"gpt":0.2676964746405988,"spread":0.2461915490135808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008683142,0.0001044086,0.0002736553,0.00009585352,0.0001173757,0.00001257264,0.0001212413,0.0001262365,0.0003455225],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009959488,0.00007650781,0.00004135662,0.000102696,0.00009278762,0.00005817778,0.000008877444,0.0000839924,0.0003372718],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000613986,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001473911,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003162536,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01498427,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988716,0.0002647422,0.0003478612,0.0001822328,0.00007520108,0.0002583722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993612,0.0002242967,0.000134282,0.0001706656,0.00003856263,0.00007094891],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007524763,0.000008623862,0.9722799,0.0006314646,0.00005268051,0.000006680625,0.000266883,0.0002735564,0.0001101803,0.02612209,0.00001321636,0.0002271909],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001728586,0.0001261431,0.9856697,0.000150504,0.00003179867,0.00003551754,0.0009781752,0.00242576,0.0000613781,0.01015761,0.00003921093,0.0001513372],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9492717,0.003748684,0.021414,0.000215812,0.0005662986,0.000348557,0.000005913421,0.00008395691,0.02434503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998838,0.000007548997,0.0006565329,0.0003296178,0.00007091756,0.000001577317,0.00002943713,0.000001590619,0.00006479563],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04956623,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8361573,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2127495923","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syp060","title":"Radiation of Extant Cetaceans Driven by Restructuring of the Oceans","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":397,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto; Northern Arizona University; Lundbeckfonden; Boise State University; Brown University","keywords":"Biology; Extant taxon; Adaptive radiation; Human echolocation; Lineage (genetic); Macroevolution; Porpoise; Cetacea; Ecology; Phylogenetics; Paleontology; Zoology; Evolutionary biology","authors":[{"name":"Mette Elstrup Steeman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Martin B. Hebsgaard","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. Ewan Fordyce","is_ca":false},{"name":"Simon Y. W. Ho","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel L. Rabosky","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rasmus Nielsen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carsten Rahbek","is_ca":false},{"name":"Henrik Glenner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Martin V. Sørensen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eske Willerslev","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008652304922706485,"gpt":0.2228974740503775,"spread":0.214245169127671,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002104121,0.00007159221,0.0002827899,0.000008728985,0.00003588092,0.000001614309,0.000243358,0.00004301227,0.0001436574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001015413,0.00004146651,0.0000584338,0.0001048968,0.0001032685,0.00002155881,0.0001420533,0.00004249772,0.000008220498],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004331698,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003156374,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001574921,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005898776,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991461,0.0001623332,0.0003695931,0.0001174,0.00009556656,0.0001090146],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993735,0.00005099398,0.0003095601,0.0002444418,0.000005685859,0.00001583984],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001192156,0.00007517396,0.9102582,0.00486493,0.00007564705,5.951247e-7,0.001332783,0.0002529172,0.07616122,0.004098418,0.0005716053,0.002296634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002765788,0.0002318641,0.9867054,0.0007145258,0.00007051943,0.00000854508,0.0002189334,0.0009260174,0.007980468,0.002589083,0.0001350165,0.0001430373],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963711,0.0003943466,0.0001068919,0.000190087,0.00005746579,0.0004165502,0.000005992138,0.000006970516,0.002450611],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997208,0.00002976935,0.0001373087,0.00006415235,0.000005938513,0.000004058987,8.187372e-7,0.000002324104,0.00003482322],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07644726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1690955,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2146102426","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syu083","title":"From Integrative Taxonomy to Species Description: One Step Beyond","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":338,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Taxonomy (biology); Biology; Taxon; Evolutionary biology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Eric Pante","is_ca":true},{"name":"Charlotte Schoelinck","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicolas Puillandre","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05457026627959227,"gpt":0.2405875871587596,"spread":0.1860173208791673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002880985,0.0001387736,0.0003609362,0.00002608846,0.00007705615,0.00003854176,0.0002435726,0.00008802146,0.03730144],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001745114,0.0001005885,0.00005648463,0.0001328537,0.0001519429,0.00005824437,0.0001951091,0.00007067357,0.007342119],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003372344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003227571,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003791355,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007344441,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988396,0.0002425033,0.0003135898,0.0002818689,0.0001076537,0.0002148377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993392,0.0001138723,0.0001165241,0.0003083408,0.00001572078,0.0001063203],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001562326,0.0008978366,0.2071386,0.004449374,0.0004920534,0.000008354205,0.01166968,0.00003868378,0.2714042,0.390088,0.110378,0.003279014],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003959205,0.002509329,0.4678318,0.004911295,0.0004910703,0.00004689442,0.1437034,0.002766203,0.02136992,0.03825468,0.3105519,0.003604325],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7579858,0.00007340652,0.09062058,0.001230663,0.0007848658,0.001929283,0.0001572302,0.0001075722,0.1471106],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99634,0.000001881103,0.001476154,0.0006434818,0.00008685922,0.0005097362,0.00006395816,0.000005709265,0.0008721795],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3518333,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9934308,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2168198916","doi":"10.1080/10635150701397643","title":"Detecting and Overcoming Systematic Errors in Genome-Scale Phylogenies","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":326,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"Genome Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Phylogenetic tree; Biology; Phylogenetics; Phylogenetic network; Set (abstract data type); Tree (set theory); Evolutionary biology; Genome; Inference; Scale (ratio); Data set; Taxon; Computational biology; Statistics; Genetics; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Mathematics; Gene; Paleontology","authors":[{"name":"Naiara Rodríguez‐Ezpeleta","is_ca":true},{"name":"Henner Brinkmann","is_ca":true},{"name":"Béatrice Roure","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicolas Lartillot","is_ca":false},{"name":"B. Franz Lang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hervé Philippe","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01091733269360291,"gpt":0.2441545392256928,"spread":0.2332372065320899,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001536438,0.0002220921,0.0006330874,0.0001242744,0.0000962047,0.00001788128,0.0001735767,0.0002075433,0.000001386671],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002832492,0.0001811807,0.00008002061,0.0001006407,0.0001081341,8.535486e-7,0.0002331018,0.00009076745,0.000004046246],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002564061,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001883042,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003864551,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004341921,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982084,0.0002115323,0.0007294847,0.0003892011,0.00006347326,0.0003979083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991637,0.0001292373,0.0002453098,0.000345127,0.00004967812,0.00006690653],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002241983,0.00002175447,0.04945465,0.04648874,0.0001292842,0.000004287043,0.0009438001,0.00002824501,0.9027346,0.000148778,7.134851e-7,0.00002275751],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009244774,0.003892875,0.4880494,0.04738056,0.0013257,0.002017286,0.06858878,0.002382475,0.3615718,0.009262203,0.0001425654,0.006141612],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9867598,0.009916617,0.00189466,0.00001915999,0.0001778135,0.0009551561,0.000004988129,0.000006604798,0.0002651528],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984558,0.00005958543,0.001193754,0.00007635138,0.00007996791,0.0000830891,0.000004305158,0.0000194723,0.00002768758],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5411628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7388332,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3007669493","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syaa013","title":"Exploration of Plastid Phylogenomic Conflict Yields New Insights into the Deep Relationships of Leguminosae","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Plant Diversity and Evolution","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":323,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Chloroplast DNA; Biology; Phylogenetic tree; Phylogenomics; Evolutionary biology; Clade; Caesalpinioideae; Phylogenetics; NdhF; Taxon; Molecular clock; Fabaceae; Paleontology; Genetics; Ecology; Gene","authors":[{"name":"Rong Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yinhuan Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jian‐Jun Jin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gregory W. Stull","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anne Bruneau","is_ca":true},{"name":"Domingos Cardoso","is_ca":false},{"name":"Luciano Paganucci de Queiroz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael J. Moore","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shudong Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Siyun Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jian Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Li D","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ting‐Shuang Yi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.100831817223884,"gpt":0.2166505558758479,"spread":0.1158187386519638,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001636218,0.00006452534,0.000227256,0.000009308273,0.00009974693,0.000005055358,0.0001848753,0.0001170572,0.00002555548],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002953358,0.00002146465,0.00005221454,0.0001453968,0.00007070276,0.00007245086,0.0000516632,0.00007990332,0.00002800218],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007973025,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001099698,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002396345,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003909642,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991721,0.0002877775,0.0002975506,0.0001100925,0.00006009883,0.00007240888],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991992,0.000440116,0.0002361527,0.00004068081,0.00004112471,0.00004268624],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008654033,0.00003687737,0.01693422,0.001865018,0.00007770192,8.003163e-7,0.02005981,0.0002731705,0.9417971,0.01817264,0.0004042818,0.0002918544],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002866198,0.007219957,0.6410818,0.005355556,0.001136658,0.00004556094,0.09637199,0.03629526,0.1294606,0.07393178,0.004193171,0.002041413],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967432,0.0005355992,0.0008245939,0.001389403,0.00007126439,0.0002877063,0.000007667229,0.00001412716,0.0001264505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997403,0.00002072473,0.000048829,0.00007724967,0.00006312283,0.000004250908,0.00003664723,2.30188e-7,0.000008624209],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8123364,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09028526,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2976225444","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syz062","title":"Interrogating Genomic-Scale Data for Squamata (Lizards, Snakes, and Amphisbaenians) Shows no Support for Key Traditional Morphological Relationships","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Amphibian and Reptile Biology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":318,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Ontario Museum","funders":"Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Squamata; Biology; Phylogenetic tree; Evolutionary biology; Clade; Phylogenetics; Genomics; Supermatrix; Genome; Zoology; Genetics; Gene","authors":[{"name":"Frank T. Burbrink","is_ca":false},{"name":"Felipe G. Grazziotin","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. Alexander Pyron","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Cundall","is_ca":false},{"name":"Frances Irish","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. Scott Keogh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fred Kraus","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert W. Murphy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brice P. Noonan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher J. Raxworthy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sara Ruane","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alan R. Lemmon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Emily Moriarty Lemmon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hussam Zaher","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08296987275519489,"gpt":0.2704782234482174,"spread":0.1875083506930225,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001330811,0.0001786944,0.0004826053,0.00003259965,0.0001542367,0.0000213523,0.0004999933,0.0002880378,0.00110423],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003996125,0.0001274229,0.00007637262,0.00004122112,0.000306483,0.0001032382,0.0003819868,0.0001263586,0.0003992903],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006818211,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002033643,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001109198,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001103538,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981303,0.0002480954,0.0005797838,0.0006502317,0.00006886864,0.0003227176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982746,0.0007554456,0.0002491718,0.0006099852,0.00001674414,0.00009401398],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006033424,0.0005859093,0.6980056,0.02209431,0.0004508256,0.00001273023,0.003428918,0.000251103,0.2094543,0.04006386,0.02435074,0.0006983165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02170583,0.01283345,0.2450904,0.004318486,0.001528817,0.005084942,0.01590373,0.5455009,0.00110858,0.06971757,0.07027502,0.006932288],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9710336,0.0001104983,0.01968747,0.0005796143,0.0007672582,0.004120836,0.001591396,0.00007173773,0.002037548],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9796097,0.000002810384,0.01783411,0.0002368545,0.0001065434,0.000259128,0.00124618,0.00001607423,0.0006885646],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5452499,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998089,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129628333","doi":"10.1080/10635150701494127","title":"Diversity, Nomenclature, and Taxonomy of Protists","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Protist diversity and phylogeny","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":295,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Platypus; Phylogenetic tree; Nomenclature; Evolutionary biology; Indel; Sister group; Taxonomy (biology); Genome; Genetics; Phylogenetic nomenclature; Zoology; Gene; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Clade; Genotype","authors":[{"name":"Sina M. Adl","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brian S. Leander","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alastair G. B. Simpson","is_ca":true},{"name":"John M. Archibald","is_ca":true},{"name":"O. Roger Anderson","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Bass","is_ca":false},{"name":"Samuel S. Bowser","is_ca":false},{"name":"Guy Brugerolle","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mark A. Farmer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sergey A. Karpov","is_ca":false},{"name":"Martin Kolísko","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher E. Lane","is_ca":true},{"name":"D. Jean Lodge","is_ca":false},{"name":"David G. Mann","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ralf Meisterfeld","is_ca":false},{"name":"Leonel Mendoza","is_ca":false},{"name":"Øjvind Moestrup","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sharon E. Mozley-Standridge","is_ca":false},{"name":"А. В. Смирнов","is_ca":false},{"name":"Frederick Spiegel","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02024814655132104,"gpt":0.2353031053668116,"spread":0.2150549588154906,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004714188,0.00008529163,0.0002119408,0.00004323601,0.0001177251,0.000002726968,0.0001595638,0.0001664939,0.000005517742],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005878946,0.00007318895,0.00004324106,0.00004253977,0.0001380308,0.000001525806,0.0008578955,0.00004772275,0.000002794039],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005852363,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001429768,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002573118,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002217869,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993749,0.00006719105,0.0001922899,0.0001771383,0.00004230325,0.0001461645],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995539,0.00002201151,0.0001340511,0.0001885065,0.00005109049,0.00005050664],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008152083,0.00005422886,0.881325,0.007850491,0.0001786727,0.000005043658,0.0002779356,5.611788e-7,0.1019823,0.008061663,0.00005310016,0.0001294609],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0036406,0.002637217,0.6530731,0.001829461,0.0003379718,0.000314812,0.001112306,0.00003383384,0.3216754,0.01316735,0.0009143871,0.001263564],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9868219,0.0008038681,0.01051522,0.00001327951,0.00009411032,0.0008099504,0.00001395604,0.00000553638,0.000922163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986107,0.000008374836,0.001206467,0.00005529664,0.00003621536,0.00001446543,0.00001298355,0.000002996522,0.00005244509],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2282519,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2984559,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2169444195","doi":"10.1080/10635150500234609","title":"An Empirical Assessment of Long-Branch Attraction Artefacts in Deep Eukaryotic Phylogenomics","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":292,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"Canada Research Chairs; Génome Québec","keywords":"Phylogenomics; Biology; Phylogenetic tree; Evolutionary biology; Phylogenetics; Inference; Context (archaeology); Coalescent theory; Clade; Genetics; Artificial intelligence; Gene; Paleontology; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Henner Brinkmann","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mark van der Giezen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yan Zhou","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gaëtan Poncelin de Raucourt","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hervé Philippe","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0210717381084557,"gpt":0.3263124825727729,"spread":0.3052407444643172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004802202,0.0001777414,0.0004664387,0.00008030929,0.00003810915,0.000008894018,0.0002029341,0.0002186208,0.000008658918],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004949785,0.000152357,0.00008724788,0.00007324664,0.00008520029,0.00000148264,0.00007634979,0.00009228505,0.000005589767],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000402963,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007005181,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001633968,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003334545,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998425,0.0002936799,0.0006113511,0.0003476373,0.00006622629,0.0002561018],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991476,0.00004264944,0.0002402998,0.000434364,0.00007268932,0.00006242214],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001666575,0.0002335783,0.4950605,0.001347053,0.0001134468,0.000001298495,0.0001912172,0.003125129,0.4990845,0.0001368884,0.000005622844,0.0006840445],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009791174,0.0008728436,0.9628188,0.0002046913,0.00007325276,0.00005536243,0.0002729408,0.007262953,0.02665152,0.0003974831,0.00004006484,0.0003709702],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899107,0.001372995,0.007719948,0.00009288743,0.0001688283,0.0005052035,0.000008864905,0.000003676176,0.0002169093],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977115,0.00008013298,0.001813154,0.000124481,0.0001500488,0.00006129398,0.00003503166,0.00001535314,0.000008940937],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.472433,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6212939,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2147219514","doi":"10.1080/10635150490423403","title":"Molecular Phylogeny, Historical Biogeography, and Divergence Time Estimates for Swallowtail Butterflies of the Genus Papilio (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":257,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Polyphyly; Paraphyly; Maximum parsimony; Zoology; Sensu; Genus; Phylogenetic tree; Phylogenetics; Evolutionary biology; Clade; Genetics","authors":[{"name":"Evgueni V. Zakharov","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael S. Caterino","is_ca":false},{"name":"Felix A. H. Sperling","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008821759411440457,"gpt":0.2151515521769105,"spread":0.2063297927654701,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003689877,0.0002658477,0.0005368768,0.00006722256,0.0001384211,0.00001106785,0.000377636,0.000336023,0.000008596181],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003020868,0.0001733035,0.0002674096,0.0001071995,0.0003838944,0.000004352238,0.0002628979,0.00008852198,0.00001257974],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000336807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005945235,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006362548,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004907271,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984288,0.0001882275,0.0005405898,0.0004555595,0.00006611113,0.0003207246],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988837,0.0001022646,0.0003105157,0.0005136168,0.0001219832,0.00006795202],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002296257,0.000309705,0.2668642,0.008657083,0.001613245,0.000006731656,0.000324048,0.0001725188,0.7154955,0.004909432,0.00008656622,0.0013314],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006053438,0.004691192,0.01574935,0.003434384,0.001544622,0.0002038722,0.0002994641,0.0003320883,0.9356592,0.02381714,0.005822957,0.002392335],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9774503,0.009576953,0.01026969,0.000515822,0.0004252175,0.001244444,0.00003226454,0.0000196715,0.0004656008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997453,0.00003925419,0.00187466,0.0002156581,0.00007257879,0.0002568504,0.00003486382,0.00001318845,0.00003991455],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2511148,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7067111,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2020965066","doi":"10.1080/10635150050207384","title":"Urochordates Are Monophyletic Within the Deuterostomes","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Marine Ecology and Invasive Species","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":247,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Vanderbilt University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Biology; Monophyly; Paraphyly; Clade; Phylogenetic tree; Deuterostome; Phylogenetics; Evolutionary biology; Zoology; Anatomy; Genetics; Gene","authors":[{"name":"Billie J. Swalla","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chris B. Cameron","is_ca":true},{"name":"Laura S. Corley","is_ca":false},{"name":"James R. Garey","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03018051457658268,"gpt":0.2762975650104069,"spread":0.2461170504338242,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005965609,0.0004034006,0.001865352,0.00005458192,0.0002018318,0.00003459007,0.000956905,0.0004132772,0.003668561],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002258955,0.0001946349,0.0003171481,0.0002080228,0.0006042307,0.0000372774,0.0004710592,0.0003940459,0.005998856],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000105045,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002499824,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003441507,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008185366,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969975,0.001227187,0.000895356,0.0004687206,0.00009774645,0.0003134573],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977317,0.0006242592,0.0008053491,0.0007779993,0.000005853163,0.00005486405],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001404871,0.0002683972,0.01326887,0.8720315,0.001791895,0.0001124512,0.001139194,0.00004996267,0.000004400576,0.009136684,0.01139012,0.09079253],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001536931,0.0001947579,0.0006957828,0.04108458,0.001547361,0.0005277127,0.0001986322,0.00003490661,0.00000153553,0.004738766,0.9498419,0.0009803452],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000200764,0.9906493,0.0000109046,0.00008039676,0.0005126632,0.001837332,0.00001612449,0.00004670442,0.006645855],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001284202,0.9954045,0.00007317889,0.0002584801,0.00009449972,0.0008187371,0.00002689536,0.00002818003,0.002011345],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9384518,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9972422,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2168424966","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syp083","title":"Probabilistic Models of Chromosome Number Evolution and the Inference of Polyploidy","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Plant Taxonomy and Phylogenetics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":227,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Ploidy; Chromosome; Phylogenetics; Evolutionary biology; Phylogenetic tree; Plant evolution; Genome size; Genome; Genetics; Gene","authors":[{"name":"Itay Mayrose","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael S. Barker","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sarah P. Otto","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02631636513124256,"gpt":0.2221431094513471,"spread":0.1958267443201046,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000312793,0.00006614358,0.0003103479,0.000004419328,0.00003278878,0.000003949753,0.0001328025,0.00007382687,0.00001129652],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001044555,0.000018146,0.00003830851,0.00008367994,0.0001830986,0.0000178182,0.00002767162,0.00003828401,0.000001678722],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004761525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006313167,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008614529,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002867351,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992222,0.0002324667,0.0003110188,0.00009598304,0.00004624527,0.00009213798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991949,0.0004805962,0.0002040275,0.00005475424,0.00004640872,0.00001933541],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001094116,0.0001339981,0.01561649,0.003256411,0.00005917847,4.414936e-7,0.0003968657,0.0001591639,0.2056073,0.7730396,0.000004283596,0.001616813],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007808707,0.0008356201,0.08108209,0.001950677,0.0001445121,0.00007556096,0.0004125401,0.02025862,0.002891782,0.8912618,0.000005447454,0.0003005086],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982427,0.000492924,0.0002429694,0.0001561262,0.00002630461,0.0004481269,0.00002727188,0.000006878387,0.0003566365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998592,0.00001451733,0.00006283882,0.00002313975,0.00001610802,0.00001447529,0.000004939768,1.342376e-7,0.000004700844],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2027156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07399723,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3021325701","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syaa034","title":"Phylogenomics Reveals Ancient Gene Tree Discordance in the Amphibian Tree of Life","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Amphibian and Reptile Biology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":224,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University; Australian Research Council; Yale University; Secretaría de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; National Centre for Biological Sciences; Society of Systematic Biologists; Florida Museum of Natural History; Universidade de Brasília; National Science Foundation; Systematics Association; University of Kentucky; Harvard University; Louisiana State University","keywords":"Biology; Phylogenomics; Amphibian; Phylogenetic tree; Monophyly; Phylogenetics; Evolutionary biology; Supertree; Lineage (genetic); Ecology; Clade; Gene; Genetics","authors":[{"name":"Paul M. Hime","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alan R. Lemmon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Emily Claire Moriarty Lemmon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elizabeth Prendini","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeremy M. Brown","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert C. Thomson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Justin D. Kratovil","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brice P. Noonan","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. Alexander Pyron","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pedro L. V. Peloso","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michelle Kortyna","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. Scott Keogh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stephen C. Donnellan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rachel Lockridge Mueller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher J. Raxworthy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Krushnamegh Kunte","is_ca":false},{"name":"Santiago R. Ron","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sandeep Das","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nikhil Gaitonde","is_ca":false},{"name":"David M. Green","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jim Labisko","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jing Che","is_ca":false},{"name":"David W. Weisrock","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02488405072616205,"gpt":0.2288353986656923,"spread":0.2039513479395302,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006423911,0.0001460897,0.0005320721,0.00002336025,0.00003888884,0.000005854162,0.0005694198,0.0001150605,0.00007884994],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002385983,0.00008167295,0.00009312334,0.0002302558,0.0003979572,0.00002271071,0.0001909448,0.0001031758,0.0001604342],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004702032,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001696702,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005127659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002686479,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998044,0.0005974232,0.0006564646,0.0003303716,0.00009849978,0.0002732288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990578,0.0001516947,0.0003165494,0.0003811636,0.000005126185,0.00008768318],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004726946,0.000125592,0.5060843,0.002483643,0.000039403,0.00001191707,0.004772068,0.0002125191,0.483143,0.002175085,0.0005650719,0.0003401798],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002367163,0.00162355,0.9738662,0.0008732731,0.0001126317,0.0001047817,0.005392256,0.005034272,0.005134032,0.004207685,0.0003157209,0.0009684534],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952872,0.0004233518,0.000774693,0.001306644,0.0001121164,0.0008110357,0.00001345929,0.0000122922,0.001259218],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972452,0.00001403606,0.0005698216,0.002027943,0.00005660055,0.00005469576,0.000005707872,0.000007169034,0.00001882354],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.478009,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3330526,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2137076742","doi":"10.1080/10635150801910436","title":"Testing Congruence in Phylogenomic Analysis","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":204,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; University of Auckland; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Nova Scotia Health Research Foundation; Allan Wilson Centre","keywords":"Biology; Phylogenetic tree; Phylogenetics; Phylogenomics; Evolutionary biology; Eukaryote; Genome; Congruence (geometry); Phylogenetic network; Set (abstract data type); Tree (set theory); Phylogenetic comparative methods; Computational biology; Gene; Genetics; Clade; Computer science; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Jessica Leigh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edward Susko","is_ca":true},{"name":"Manuela Baumgärtner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew J. Roger","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02614091104567686,"gpt":0.2501323611668033,"spread":0.2239914501211265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002856848,0.0001443185,0.0004469189,0.000122328,0.0000730503,0.000005028008,0.0002026829,0.0001197492,0.000003728822],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002611274,0.0001217687,0.0001043066,0.0002990615,0.0001291193,2.970569e-7,0.0001353802,0.00005258427,0.00001092673],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000148393,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004884833,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001179728,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001130304,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988064,0.0001558067,0.0004103712,0.0003387304,0.00003995475,0.000248732],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993383,0.00005658133,0.0001423182,0.0003544203,0.00006799281,0.00004034092],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005509343,0.00001810352,0.5440593,0.0003457525,0.0002802282,0.000004836999,0.0001116362,0.0004015078,0.454655,0.00009909982,0.000004007958,0.00001505925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000810529,0.0004022316,0.9793043,0.0001871941,0.0003319004,0.0001457626,0.0003321269,0.001559605,0.01554378,0.0007281,0.00005488888,0.0005995592],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961031,0.002356529,0.0005934099,0.00002011583,0.00009056032,0.0003120782,0.000009424082,0.000004054378,0.0005107027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983748,0.00004011291,0.001314309,0.00008690677,0.00005185313,0.00007594906,0.00001252242,0.000008516949,0.00003508704],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4391112,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4965582,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2107808362","doi":"10.1080/10635150290102429","title":"Identifiability of Parameters in MCMC Bayesian Inference of Phylogeny","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":200,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Human Genome Research Institute; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Markov chain Monte Carlo; Bayesian inference; Bayesian probability; Inference; Identifiability; Bayes' theorem; Posterior probability; Context (archaeology); Computer science; Algorithm; Biology; Artificial intelligence; Machine learning","authors":[{"name":"Bruce Rannala","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02282316107560644,"gpt":0.2580838828755768,"spread":0.2352607217999703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000381029,0.000119799,0.0004719764,0.00006029055,0.00001391052,0.000002475753,0.0002111638,0.0001373733,0.00001076495],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003721449,0.00009911215,0.00009663449,0.00009005246,0.0001951787,4.001857e-7,0.0001236766,0.000042499,0.00000224855],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007087231,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001370388,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006713059,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006747378,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998676,0.0002327545,0.0006330727,0.00024263,0.00004989866,0.0001656457],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999109,0.00008168662,0.0002693369,0.0004381881,0.00007440741,0.00002735602],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001244174,0.00011749,0.1723068,0.004947887,0.0001130354,4.596612e-7,0.0003587889,0.0001566449,0.8213298,0.0005501105,0.000008212693,0.00009840958],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002384856,0.002193645,0.1872775,0.002122358,0.000199772,0.00002637355,0.001606206,0.003739093,0.7838075,0.0156236,0.00003654798,0.0009824861],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960197,0.002126546,0.001052046,0.00001850333,0.0001132561,0.0003960682,0.00002096226,0.000001261293,0.0002517235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989936,0.00007778028,0.0008323687,0.00001699178,0.00001080605,0.00004312324,0.000004154691,0.000006015411,0.00001515761],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03752224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4041676,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2418218291","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syw044","title":"Species-Level Para- and Polyphyly in DNA Barcode Gene Trees: Strong Operational Bias in European Lepidoptera","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":198,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Food Inspection Agency; University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Monophyly; Polyphyly; Biology; Phylogenetic tree; DNA barcoding; Evolutionary biology; Intraspecific competition; Zoology; Clade; Genetics; Gene","authors":[{"name":"Marko Mutanen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sami M. Kivelä","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rutger Vos","is_ca":false},{"name":"Camiel Doorenweerd","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sujeevan Ratnasingham","is_ca":true},{"name":"Axel Hausmann","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter Huemer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Vlad Dincă","is_ca":true},{"name":"E.J. van Nieukerken","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carlos López‐Vaamonde","is_ca":false},{"name":"Roger Vila","is_ca":false},{"name":"Leif Aarvik","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thibaud Decaëns","is_ca":false},{"name":"Konstantin A. Efetov","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul D. N. Hebert","is_ca":true},{"name":"Arild Johnsen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ole Karsholt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mikko Pentinsaari","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rodolphe Rougerie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andreas H. Segerer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Г. М. Тарманн","is_ca":false},{"name":"Reza Zahiri","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06165846105136324,"gpt":0.2631827144182893,"spread":0.2015242533669261,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008121322,0.0002364625,0.0004417069,0.0001281232,0.00004348354,0.00001700597,0.0002297031,0.0002159485,0.00003584322],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003154311,0.0001520841,0.00006537161,0.00006753301,0.0002097345,0.000009012208,0.0001679006,0.00009979896,0.00004651721],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003092031,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005861068,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004659153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004031541,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974398,0.0009965284,0.0006488004,0.0005081402,0.0000494723,0.0003572648],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992483,0.0001375267,0.0001516286,0.0003542662,0.00003702447,0.00007125024],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001490023,0.0001501634,0.6462165,0.0008194847,0.0001450437,0.00003951322,0.0002811151,0.00001855917,0.3455828,0.003538848,0.00003857286,0.003020446],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01482842,0.002624166,0.8853963,0.006598899,0.0001163296,0.0005566644,0.001241245,0.0005620325,0.07623986,0.00137835,0.007381718,0.003075994],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9871371,0.0008107204,0.004748362,0.0006026975,0.0001625548,0.0005583811,0.00006371488,0.00001088639,0.005905533],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982064,0.00006102684,0.0008248119,0.0002406065,0.0001840024,0.00008661592,0.00007016691,0.00001421219,0.0003121551],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.269343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.620181,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3031878336","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syaa041","title":"The Origin of the Legumes is a Complex Paleopolyploid Phylogenomic Tangle Closely Associated with the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) Mass Extinction Event","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Plant Diversity and Evolution","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":169,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Universität Zürich; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Extinction event; Tangle; Biology; Paleogene; Paleontology; Extinction (optical mineralogy); Event (particle physics); Cretaceous; Evolutionary biology; Astrophysics; Mathematics; Biological dispersal; Demography; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Erik J. M. Koenen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Darío I. Ojeda","is_ca":false},{"name":"Freek T. Bakker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jan J. Wieringa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Catherine Kidner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Olivier J. Hardy","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. Toby Pennington","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patrick S. Herendeen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anne Bruneau","is_ca":true},{"name":"Colin E. Hughes","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03575032589083234,"gpt":0.204406279672106,"spread":0.1686559537812736,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004521899,0.0001252521,0.0002759947,0.000004080352,0.0005327645,0.00002730927,0.0004756915,0.0001005594,0.00006496995],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001011562,0.00002868575,0.0001232125,0.0002317103,0.0002019805,0.00002339246,0.0000854157,0.0001108434,0.00002400123],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003174289,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000137787,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000315867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005045276,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998513,0.0006691281,0.0002697007,0.0001837509,0.0001488398,0.0002155451],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989299,0.000473718,0.0003970656,0.00009383666,0.00006811701,0.00003733379],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000298592,0.0001053583,0.1007754,0.0009954221,0.0007336733,0.000003775933,0.002114146,0.0000924147,0.8910158,0.0007141985,0.002573741,0.0005775208],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001793643,0.00317958,0.9149786,0.001911872,0.001222489,0.0001198878,0.02471996,0.01319511,0.01642217,0.002800533,0.01841069,0.001245511],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9898649,0.0008320229,0.00003955271,0.008158514,0.0001164778,0.0006708651,0.0001296805,0.00002869542,0.0001592279],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993815,0.0000246474,0.000005599735,0.0004080456,0.00007138578,0.00002060021,0.00002435807,7.471248e-7,0.00006308954],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8745936,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4097648,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2156052711","doi":"10.1080/10635150252899789","title":"Systematic Data in Biodiversity Studies: Use It or Lose It","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":168,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"National Museum of Natural History; United States Agency for International Development; World Bank Group; Smithsonian Institution","keywords":"Biodiversity; Biology; Global biodiversity; Ecology; Distribution (mathematics); Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Vicki A. Funk","is_ca":false},{"name":"Karen Richardson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2987919539749075,"gpt":0.3335267178160953,"spread":0.03473476384118773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009320639,0.000184113,0.0007247863,0.00005408577,0.0001009878,0.00003792101,0.000740099,0.0001242853,0.01998],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001661841,0.000118661,0.00004892266,0.0003198591,0.0002464747,0.0002214924,0.001001707,0.00009402473,0.009595399],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000533294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003498481,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002666702,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002393357,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978492,0.0005076039,0.0006846868,0.0004421429,0.0001820227,0.0003343297],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980808,0.0005166503,0.0002653632,0.001042689,0.000016119,0.00007831087],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006821887,0.001139876,0.194951,0.5185044,0.0007629918,0.0003396673,0.01620518,0.00001860474,0.0007572348,0.001553535,0.2656826,0.00001665389],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01239855,0.001919616,0.05196629,0.1727333,0.002639349,0.00131045,0.7111465,0.02996972,0.0002689809,0.0008135731,0.008550738,0.006282971],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9830049,0.001913913,0.0001490014,0.005332998,0.000887411,0.004258883,0.0007709078,0.0001479221,0.003534016],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975648,0.0002422357,0.00005299374,0.001259813,0.00001004022,0.00008414036,0.00006598096,0.000005215778,0.0007148134],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6949413,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9911758,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2167241839","doi":"10.1080/10635150600863109","title":"Incorporating Allelic Variation for Reconstructing the Evolutionary History of Organisms from Multiple Genes: An Example from Rosa in North America","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Genetic diversity and population structure","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":166,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Newfoundland and Labrador","keywords":"Biology; Phylogenetics; Lineage (genetic); Evolutionary biology; Allele; Taxon; Coalescent theory; Gene; Genetics; Botany","authors":[{"name":"Simon Joly","is_ca":true},{"name":"Anne Bruneau","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02362832702448433,"gpt":0.2074764051413372,"spread":0.1838480781168529,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001509689,0.0001103563,0.0002539467,0.00003566805,0.00005906766,0.000005633387,0.0001797709,0.0001595879,0.00001816594],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008386646,0.00008837882,0.00005279376,0.00005756012,0.00008707737,0.000005315379,0.00006296379,0.00004959133,0.000001303616],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004789062,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008818477,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0106195,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004358446,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988303,0.000270176,0.0004559487,0.0002733907,0.00005509507,0.0001151012],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990004,0.0001270286,0.0004634051,0.0003007475,0.00008824117,0.00002017473],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008886861,0.00005919754,0.4818281,0.0005287171,0.0001166849,6.019178e-7,0.002578332,0.003733977,0.5100032,0.0004255406,0.0001234991,0.0005133262],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006884806,0.0009396727,0.8581411,0.0006021115,0.0004510426,0.00002933681,0.01538963,0.06707363,0.0163072,0.02957907,0.003052061,0.001550369],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.968959,0.0009258922,0.02911046,0.00001583285,0.000315749,0.0004837821,0.0001615362,0.000007889373,0.00001987193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9802774,0.00000338717,0.0174189,0.00005241582,0.0001651645,0.00003540035,0.00202241,0.000007928516,0.00001698229],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.493696,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9959689,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2134586893","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/sys077","title":"Serine Codon-Usage Bias in Deep Phylogenomics: Pancrustacean Relationships as a Case Study","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":162,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Serine; Amino acid; Biology; Codon usage bias; Phylogenetic tree; Genetics; Nucleotide; Synonymous substitution; Threonine; Leucine; Gene; Computational biology; Genome; Phosphorylation","authors":[{"name":"Omar Rota‐Stabelli","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicolas Lartillot","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hervé Philippe","is_ca":true},{"name":"Davide Pisani","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06023371187433105,"gpt":0.2952052328626298,"spread":0.2349715209882987,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001544689,0.0002562401,0.0005078568,0.00008488715,0.0001328994,0.00001686036,0.0001840036,0.0002123979,0.000007689261],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000418015,0.0002152345,0.00008961932,0.0001040152,0.00007586138,0.000001544424,0.0002726667,0.0001592854,0.00003383273],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003503761,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003480869,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004167377,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00117899,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975478,0.0009198223,0.0006595552,0.0003617636,0.00006023583,0.0004508254],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988927,0.0001280219,0.0002296998,0.0005724219,0.00006211529,0.0001150901],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005538902,0.0005816266,0.9367058,0.001614165,0.0004391363,0.000140943,0.006099141,0.0001224362,0.05313965,0.0009813749,0.00002026134,0.0001001108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02185988,0.01228877,0.4772697,0.001761591,0.002180762,0.0337385,0.4033391,0.002321444,0.02747982,0.005348927,0.00440295,0.008008518],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9914613,0.006014849,0.0002500473,0.00002752035,0.0003172032,0.001445967,0.00001413545,0.000007611651,0.0004613511],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988844,0.00006498579,0.0004254947,0.0000661205,0.0001866222,0.0002550878,0.00001678663,0.0000269259,0.00007361157],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.459436,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8777008,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2099502844","doi":"10.1080/10635150701258787","title":"Widespread Genealogical Nonmonophyly in Species of Pinus Subgenus Strobus","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Genetic diversity and population structure","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":160,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Pacific Northwest Research Station; Natural Resources Canada; Chiba University; Oregon State University; U.S. Department of Agriculture; U.S. Forest Service; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Biology; Monophyly; Paraphyly; Coalescent theory; Phylogenetic tree; Evolutionary biology; Nucleotide diversity; Subgenus; Zoology; Taxonomy (biology); Genetics; Allele; Clade; Haplotype; Gene","authors":[{"name":"John Syring","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kathleen Farrell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Roman Businský","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard Cronn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aaron Liston","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01980057993458255,"gpt":0.2520621957852728,"spread":0.2322616158506903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004685116,0.000123595,0.0003311751,0.00008470762,0.00002556753,0.000005296964,0.0002038778,0.0002679274,0.00003099575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001465244,0.0001018149,0.00008141675,0.0000996327,0.0001107114,0.000001379258,0.0001070889,0.00006749127,0.00001095173],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001177068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002452258,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003963491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001422353,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988756,0.0001344494,0.0004655471,0.0002288474,0.0000752678,0.000220295],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993718,0.00004330447,0.0001878678,0.0002822572,0.00006453624,0.00005021537],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001345535,0.00006011954,0.3323982,0.002311616,0.0000828054,0.00001272873,0.0002802487,0.0003116794,0.6613839,0.002827394,0.00005846614,0.0001382957],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001950099,0.001010363,0.7330373,0.000646157,0.0000812119,0.0001069951,0.001336551,0.000124006,0.2581126,0.002415246,0.0005770028,0.0006024615],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9910489,0.0006107956,0.00670772,0.00002071751,0.0002622539,0.0003196708,0.00001778523,0.000005750705,0.001006368],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982265,0.00001088499,0.001447818,0.00005669031,0.00006744926,0.000004678533,0.00004874663,0.000005293299,0.0001318892],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4032713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4151892,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051846346","doi":"10.1080/10635150500221044","title":"Poriferan mtDNA and Animal Phylogeny Based on Mitochondrial Gene Arrangements","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":152,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Université de Montréal","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Health Canada; Genome Canada","keywords":"Biology; Phylum; Mitochondrial DNA; Phylogenetic tree; Phylogenetics; Deuterostome; Evolutionary biology; Zooid; Zoology; Gene; Genetics","authors":[{"name":"Dennis V. Lavrov","is_ca":true},{"name":"B. Franz Lang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01070389927377686,"gpt":0.2389649442156629,"spread":0.228261044941886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001915674,0.0002159957,0.0003496729,0.00005265753,0.00009533468,0.00001711891,0.0001591911,0.0001732395,0.00001145377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000733358,0.0001728348,0.00008459066,0.00003844755,0.00009059951,4.794005e-7,0.00009841304,0.0000595602,0.00001758696],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001277874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002832847,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006523201,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001467262,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998739,0.0001605225,0.0003419119,0.00041729,0.00007242715,0.0002688302],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993422,0.0000305589,0.0001276205,0.0003744711,0.00005039971,0.00007474009],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001089312,0.00005764078,0.004078705,0.0005839057,0.0001232316,0.00000106517,0.00005803025,0.00005705233,0.994489,0.0001995581,0.00009678889,0.000146097],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01505457,0.01088554,0.07744561,0.001425189,0.0007454944,0.0001724733,0.0006197039,0.01025502,0.8677346,0.001420487,0.01093262,0.00330867],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951932,0.001850103,0.001128162,0.0002739977,0.000313304,0.0006501058,0.00003814276,0.000006882065,0.0005461064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951127,0.00003725095,0.003414778,0.0006073309,0.0006119538,0.000110441,0.00003195502,0.000018222,0.00005541157],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1267544,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7048001,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2146090382","doi":"10.1080/10635150120358","title":"Assessment of the Accuracy of Matrix Representation with Parsimony Analysis Supertree Construction","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":148,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Supertree; Phylogenetic tree; Tree (set theory); Statistics; Representation (politics); Maximum parsimony; Mathematics; Biology; Algorithm; Combinatorics","authors":[{"name":"Olaf R. P. Bininda‐Emonds","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael J. Sanderson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01366650074213705,"gpt":0.3000724090729475,"spread":0.2864059083308105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001879882,0.0000859366,0.000342483,0.00004826215,0.00003624979,0.000003358006,0.0001419069,0.00007092355,0.000005896916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008715128,0.00004923464,0.0001269933,0.0002312451,0.0001558513,5.194145e-7,0.00008320428,0.00002804372,1.896581e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006423632,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004174792,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007646293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009323176,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991012,0.000196307,0.0003718364,0.0001713249,0.00006780395,0.00009149752],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989771,0.00005619266,0.0003871508,0.0004314688,0.0001333759,0.00001476254],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001382344,0.00001980748,0.7207818,0.000501857,0.0008593437,1.37884e-7,0.00004570442,0.0006065499,0.276363,0.0007775392,0.000002727827,0.00002770151],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007787672,0.0004796915,0.9102294,0.0002647697,0.001590746,0.00004740472,0.001787247,0.001247891,0.08263317,0.0007062433,0.00002546969,0.0002091324],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935538,0.0004531912,0.005204438,0.00005789523,0.00007168703,0.0003648606,0.00001385065,0.000001184768,0.0002791455],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981411,0.00007861398,0.001680312,0.00001091936,0.00001926827,0.00003111218,0.00001368768,0.00000415476,0.00002088442],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1937298,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.200773,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2940467071","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syz019","title":"Whole-Genome Analyses Resolve the Phylogeny of Flightless Birds (Palaeognathae) in the Presence of an Empirical Anomaly Zone","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":141,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Ontario Museum; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Coalescent theory; Biology; Phylogenetic tree; Evolutionary biology; Genome; Phylogenetics; Lineage (genetic); Tree (set theory); Clade; Phylogenomics; Genetics; Gene; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Alison Cloutier","is_ca":false},{"name":"Timothy B. Sackton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Phil Grayson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michèle Clamp","is_ca":false},{"name":"Allan J. Baker","is_ca":true},{"name":"Scott V. Edwards","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03531799139544282,"gpt":0.3208767264789477,"spread":0.2855587350835049,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001036745,0.000168008,0.0005567697,0.00006457017,0.00004243303,0.000008335963,0.0007482627,0.000166474,0.000005984677],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001258395,0.00008859471,0.0001365057,0.000188368,0.0002835835,0.000001027957,0.00022368,0.00008992619,0.000005012015],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006650611,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005448658,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001034124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000157199,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978976,0.0007869209,0.0006376105,0.0003213217,0.0001275564,0.0002290108],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983862,0.000189334,0.0003468682,0.0009286671,0.0001225217,0.00002643305],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003398312,0.00009574279,0.04140766,0.001299071,0.0001714622,6.932703e-7,0.001025262,0.0001491381,0.9555045,0.000292352,0.000004918031,0.00001523641],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001968603,0.003745353,0.7936719,0.0009146232,0.0004358312,0.00007954178,0.01227213,0.001355672,0.182099,0.002129192,0.0005490162,0.0007791671],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936095,0.004713634,0.00027944,0.0001460797,0.00009294892,0.0008254219,0.0000593471,0.000001602292,0.0002720206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993463,0.00005161981,0.0003057691,0.000102522,0.00005943191,0.00006791456,0.00002400033,0.00001078145,0.00003173162],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7734055,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3612787,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2945040646","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syz036","title":"Analysis of Spounaviruses as a Case Study for the Overdue Reclassification of Tailed Phages","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Bacteriophages and microbial interactions","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":138,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America; U.S. National Library of Medicine; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Narodowym Centrum Nauki; Narodowe Centrum Nauki; Battelle; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Helsingin Yliopisto; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Institutes of Health; Directorate for Biological Sciences; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Myoviridae; Siphoviridae; Biology; Podoviridae; Virus classification; Evolutionary biology; Genome; Taxon; Phage therapy; Taxonomy (biology); Bacteriophage; Comparative genomics; Genetics; Genomics; Gene; Zoology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Jakub Barylski","is_ca":false},{"name":"François Enault","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bas E. Dutilh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Margo B. P. Schuller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert A. Edwards","is_ca":false},{"name":"Annika Gillis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jochen Klumpp","is_ca":false},{"name":"Petar Knežević","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mart Krupovìč","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jens H. Kuhn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rob Lavigne","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hanna M. Oksanen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew B. Sullivan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ho Bin Jang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter Simmonds","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pakorn Aiewsakun","is_ca":false},{"name":"Johannes Wittmann","is_ca":false},{"name":"Igor Tolstoy","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. Rodney Brister","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew M. Kropinski","is_ca":true},{"name":"Evelien M. Adriaenssens","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02499037483196771,"gpt":0.3232459369902937,"spread":0.298255562158326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003896376,0.00006366733,0.0003475417,0.0000496619,0.00003858455,0.000006010457,0.0001316816,0.0000397864,0.001003328],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007195868,0.00003669126,0.0001213006,0.000228909,0.0000661509,0.00003767401,0.00005467175,0.00003096581,0.00005610714],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002820965,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000557331,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002064495,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009021399,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992043,0.000154331,0.0003868007,0.0001414581,0.00003892174,0.00007421673],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988273,0.0004352728,0.0003612562,0.0003448439,0.00001949659,0.00001181267],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004250763,0.0003724684,0.1505213,0.001489341,0.001665085,0.000004009371,0.003250504,0.0003126087,0.8419088,0.0001991349,0.00002493072,0.0002092535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002326232,0.002691562,0.8475837,0.0008781282,0.01334971,0.0005336195,0.087316,0.01950886,0.02474187,0.0002767451,0.0001888571,0.000604719],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976075,0.00003789537,0.0005811377,0.00002285248,0.0001219941,0.001462481,0.00002729076,0.00000508197,0.000133755],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999559,0.000001708918,0.0000700485,0.00001676452,0.000004414891,0.0001102872,0.000003935334,0.000003403313,0.0002304771],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8171669,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999099,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2167290564","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syv043","title":"Detecting Adaptive Evolution in Phylogenetic Comparative Analysis Using the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck Model","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Evolution and Paleontology Studies","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":136,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"University of Hawai'i; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Phylogenetic tree; Phylogenetic comparative methods; Selection (genetic algorithm); Biology; Taxon; Evolutionary biology; Model selection; Tree (set theory); Variation (astronomy); Statistics; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Ecology; Mathematics; Genetics","authors":[{"name":"Clayton E. Cressler","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marguerite A. Butler","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aaron A. King","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1444958044869872,"gpt":0.3103909254621875,"spread":0.1658951209752003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009700081,0.0001342611,0.0005413013,0.0001928785,0.0001513251,0.00001188275,0.0001730466,0.0001023367,0.00001432635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001304585,0.00007944283,0.00007812008,0.0006005345,0.000203589,0.00004292587,0.00001996377,0.0001329249,0.00003247232],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002932934,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006881205,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001774919,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09918518,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979825,0.001020059,0.0004135712,0.0002283317,0.00009951376,0.000256019],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991203,0.0003306522,0.0002227355,0.0001786386,0.00009334811,0.00005432457],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000157286,0.000004699033,0.7162753,0.0001077841,0.0001992918,0.000001006005,0.002462739,0.2805603,0.00001569455,0.000348176,0.000001605166,0.000007596306],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001460737,0.00006089795,0.1804117,0.00007837346,0.0001921721,0.000008217726,0.008729777,0.8084323,0.000003604085,0.001850787,1.141282e-7,0.00008599192],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9468876,0.005214834,0.04525954,0.00004373559,0.0001505117,0.0004610975,0.00001280936,0.00002049125,0.001949447],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983658,0.000002419031,0.001545289,0.0000356554,0.00002308893,0.00000809434,0.000005324206,9.497558e-7,0.00001337635],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5358636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9172524,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2099002894","doi":"10.1080/10635150119889","title":"The Phylogenetic Trunk: Maximal Inclusion of Taxa with Missing Data in an Analysis of the Lepospondyli (Vertebrata, Tetrapoda)","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Evolution and Paleontology Studies","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":136,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Taxon; Phylogenetic tree; Biology; Completeness (order theory); Phylogenetics; Tree (set theory); A priori and a posteriori; Trunk; Evolutionary biology; Ecology; Mathematics; Combinatorics; Genetics","authors":[{"name":"Jason S. Anderson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03330820857697023,"gpt":0.2678247800388728,"spread":0.2345165714619026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001002742,0.00009758382,0.0004619794,0.0001157905,0.0002882468,0.000007467878,0.000707346,0.00007530754,0.00005773574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001524473,0.00004185378,0.00004597626,0.0006602765,0.0004455149,0.00004448631,0.0001249629,0.0000814699,0.000001514751],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000003066147,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004261586,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001534808,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2666073,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981912,0.0008232425,0.0004679588,0.0002056658,0.0001352468,0.0001767185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984107,0.0004579199,0.0003477911,0.0007117933,0.00004508127,0.00002672814],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003571696,0.00001428606,0.9980187,0.0002986651,0.0001851876,0.00000150502,0.0005218352,0.0003243643,0.0001301524,0.0001054162,0.000001778927,0.0003623735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001423535,0.0001109263,0.9492341,0.0001703672,0.0002434331,0.00001196208,0.001027688,0.048779,0.00001149515,0.0002050088,0.000008975726,0.00005467049],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945498,0.003979774,0.0002667757,0.0003183096,0.00009012561,0.0002773278,0.00006132395,0.000004951784,0.0004515755],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996603,0.00003964596,0.0001879424,0.00004208436,0.000008175528,0.000001586029,0.00004726557,0.000001110967,0.00001192414],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2650725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7467752,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2105776362","doi":"10.1080/10635150701549672","title":"Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Sequences Support a Cretaceous Origin of Columbiformes and a Dispersal-Driven Radiation in the Paleogene","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":135,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Royal Ontario Museum","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Biology; Monophyly; Clade; Zoology; Phylogenetic tree; Evolutionary biology; Sister group; Genetics","authors":[{"name":"Sérgio L. Pereira","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kevin P. Johnson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dale H. Clayton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Allan J. Baker","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01286891837953937,"gpt":0.2338383319556441,"spread":0.2209694135761048,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007709736,0.00008817551,0.0003069426,0.00007651168,0.00007878891,0.000008081948,0.0001278691,0.0002194434,0.00009649482],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001245577,0.00005460043,0.0000248477,0.00009383351,0.0004551451,0.00005182832,0.000008466202,0.0001055108,0.000009781781],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000003134872,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002610992,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005776956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01317267,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988258,0.0003684608,0.0003633963,0.0001766572,0.00005543884,0.0002102362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991427,0.000542214,0.0001561249,0.0001045827,0.00001586328,0.00003850687],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007939251,0.000008679248,0.9954647,0.0005578642,0.00002743427,0.00001069144,0.001805658,0.000005357132,0.0006190912,0.000825268,0.00001015672,0.0005857106],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000408325,0.0004793144,0.9927987,0.0001080127,0.00003428935,0.0004052655,0.002163417,0.002426373,0.00001022643,0.0009593955,0.0001004472,0.0001062369],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959826,0.002317397,0.00007233881,0.0001913618,0.0002166093,0.0004358095,0.0000293858,0.000008595074,0.0007458638],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993917,0.0001006635,0.0003249004,0.00009884199,0.00004552845,0.000003241099,0.00002973108,9.792333e-7,0.000004419207],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01259498,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7350661,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2149582283","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syt003","title":"Lateral Gene Transfer from the Dead","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":135,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules; Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Biology; Phylogenetics; Phylogenetic tree; Lineage (genetic); Horizontal gene transfer; Evolutionary biology; Macroevolution; Genetic algorithm; Molecular phylogenetics; Gene; Genetics","authors":[{"name":"Gergely J. Szöllősi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Éric Tannier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicolas Lartillot","is_ca":true},{"name":"Vincent Daubin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01152736331802217,"gpt":0.2133231248667484,"spread":0.2017957615487262,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001397517,0.0001395427,0.0002373887,0.000009559015,0.00008195612,0.00002299222,0.0002588,0.000129265,0.00004332565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003725511,0.00007878902,0.00009207593,0.00002646994,0.00008888632,3.705704e-7,0.00009939037,0.00005036112,0.00009762994],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004482223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001677736,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002697343,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005408667,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990605,0.0001821336,0.0002754384,0.000239032,0.00003834055,0.0002046271],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994145,0.00005081011,0.00004004818,0.0004020499,0.00005554192,0.00003703907],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005525806,0.00001346524,0.01930327,0.000210131,0.000233003,3.289669e-7,0.0002310322,0.000006366985,0.9792933,0.0003736465,0.0002532758,0.000076631],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003727603,0.001475076,0.4311943,0.0009223433,0.0006267574,0.0001287913,0.001970805,0.0008212213,0.5184484,0.03398626,0.004532355,0.002166027],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933366,0.003735212,0.001358356,0.0004471749,0.0002616158,0.0006265136,0.00003113936,0.000004393292,0.0001990596],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983619,0.00005792099,0.0003517696,0.0006629096,0.0002203461,0.000217832,0.00003676569,0.00001164054,0.00007894052],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4608449,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3212923,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2340239062","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syw033","title":"Palaeohistological Evidence for Ancestral High Metabolic Rate in Archosaurs","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Evolution and Paleontology Studies","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":129,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Ectotherm; Biology; Phylogenetic tree; Phylogenetics; Extant taxon; Evolutionary biology; Phylogenetic comparative methods; Context (archaeology); Vertebrate paleontology; Zoology; Paleontology; Genetics","authors":[{"name":"Lucas J. Legendre","is_ca":false},{"name":"Guillaume Guénard","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jennifer Botha","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jorge Cubo","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1183734013368819,"gpt":0.3233550163634714,"spread":0.2049816150265896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009991064,0.0001203694,0.0005061367,0.00007731536,0.00007088114,0.000005958721,0.0002016192,0.0001183961,0.0001653989],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001242992,0.00005914115,0.00006340949,0.00009396728,0.000290717,0.00006850333,0.000009618755,0.00005738555,0.0001213984],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004882327,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002915457,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003317916,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01268009,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982935,0.0006465959,0.0004044822,0.000272727,0.00004485488,0.0003378796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997119,0.002498479,0.0001382647,0.0001569081,0.00003395024,0.0000534155],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000400296,0.000005427422,0.9917884,0.00079047,0.00002319506,0.000003025783,0.00008014413,0.000005862177,0.000140859,0.006662736,0.00003069747,0.0004291945],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003615617,0.0001325761,0.9875218,0.0007494895,0.00001973614,0.00001006403,0.00006681782,0.0001353092,0.00001448809,0.01082368,0.00005897714,0.0001055385],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9809529,0.01200936,0.002480073,0.002670789,0.0007457595,0.0007725991,0.00004349399,0.00004136341,0.0002837031],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987826,0.0001760697,0.0006595108,0.0001923297,0.00005377599,0.00005248215,0.000004679605,0.000001125998,0.00007743735],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01782973,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7075787,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1980715304","doi":"10.1080/10635150600755396","title":"The Phylogeny of Early Eureptiles: Comparing Parsimony and Bayesian Approaches in the Investigation of a Basal Fossil Clade","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Evolution and Paleontology Studies","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":126,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Autapomorphy; Biology; Paraphyly; Phylogenetic tree; Maximum parsimony; Taxon; Clade; Evolutionary biology; Bayesian probability; Character evolution; Context (archaeology); Sister group; Phylogenetics; Ecology; Paleontology; Statistics; Mathematics; Genetics","authors":[{"name":"Johannes Müller","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert R. Reisz","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05343547033889319,"gpt":0.2244685942680172,"spread":0.171033123929124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007524312,0.00007076801,0.0002752548,0.00003858149,0.00009781187,0.000008497818,0.0001494985,0.00006306067,0.000002181933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000625574,0.00003409521,0.00002754096,0.000106406,0.0005427927,0.00002073443,0.000008704509,0.00007145874,0.00000136662],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000001148259,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001356582,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001457137,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0386814,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986135,0.0006963787,0.0004002379,0.000103107,0.00006299357,0.0001238309],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988993,0.0007126521,0.0002282213,0.0001307506,0.00001673869,0.00001230337],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007533455,0.000003501945,0.994503,0.001103107,0.00001686004,2.490072e-7,0.001538133,0.00005850453,0.00004626091,0.002677873,0.00001115657,0.00003378087],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001085226,0.00005720041,0.9867987,0.0001887347,0.00001529611,0.000004227414,0.002183244,0.005608757,0.00001378079,0.004984387,0.000001471037,0.00003565235],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9889466,0.008506116,0.0001454433,0.0002133947,0.00005260438,0.0003121563,0.000005273749,0.000004282426,0.001814176],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998034,0.00001503121,0.0001314213,0.00001784477,0.00001646572,0.000007026435,0.000003640872,6.607853e-7,0.000004464419],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03722427,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9788601,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2146785890","doi":"10.1080/10635150802304779","title":"The Role of Geography and Ecological Opportunity in the Diversification of Day Geckos (Phelsuma)","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Amphibian and Reptile Biology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":122,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Division of Environmental Biology; Western Canada Research Grid; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Archipelago; Gekkonidae; Biology; Ecology; Colonization; Insular biogeography; Genus; Gecko; Diversification (marketing strategy); Biogeography","authors":[{"name":"Luke J. Harmon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jane Melville","is_ca":false},{"name":"Allan Larson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jonathan B. Losos","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02081236663647724,"gpt":0.2198599351774466,"spread":0.1990475685409694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009112676,0.00005593806,0.0001929232,0.00001914581,0.00009346221,0.000001400999,0.0002372702,0.00009207227,0.0000550549],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001398215,0.00002422374,0.0000386046,0.00007753474,0.001113041,0.00001424586,0.0001093093,0.00005849555,0.000007754588],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009726651,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006186701,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001095164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005163072,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987783,0.0006503104,0.000292545,0.0001134474,0.00005826123,0.0001071452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999164,0.0003981542,0.0002016065,0.000207605,0.000006138101,0.00002247562],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006962111,0.0000631399,0.9908271,0.0001442514,0.00001242619,0.000001068417,0.0009210497,0.000003073892,0.004939893,0.002780217,0.0000149382,0.0002858492],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001028745,0.0001337306,0.9947061,0.0000328242,0.00000984633,0.00002584238,0.002125674,0.0001698526,0.0001841941,0.002406849,0.00006086622,0.00004134402],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972007,0.0003012682,0.00002588912,0.0001348165,0.00003297229,0.0004001166,0.00000364813,0.000003458774,0.00189708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997888,0.00009671969,0.0000356409,0.0000389034,0.000004368928,0.00002364782,0.000002009141,0.000001111975,0.000008770073],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004755699,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4101047,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2106947130","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syp054","title":"Species Trees from Highly Incongruent Gene Trees in Rice","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":122,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Institute for Cancer Research","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Phylogenetic tree; Evolutionary biology; Inference; Tree (set theory); Bayesian probability; Phylogenetics; Gene; Computational biology; Pipeline (software); Supermatrix; Genetics; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Karen Cranston","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bonnie L. Hurwitz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Doreen Ware","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lincoln Stein","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rod A. Wing","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01291836166448507,"gpt":0.2321676842736921,"spread":0.219249322609207,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002212987,0.0002150828,0.0004940304,0.00006881768,0.00004957454,0.00001815175,0.0002750701,0.0001915725,0.000007756259],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009909363,0.0001687187,0.00009856352,0.00007868714,0.00007569373,6.800093e-7,0.0001134307,0.00006539946,0.00001622324],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002268094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003205243,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001837572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007057593,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998565,0.0001939585,0.0004981179,0.0003986054,0.00006235678,0.0002820218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927,0.00004005254,0.000156581,0.0004336765,0.00004676653,0.0000529131],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002035198,0.0000635523,0.01262451,0.0001304972,0.00009060642,0.000003927413,0.0002139952,0.00005014059,0.9861116,0.0005525996,0.00006556993,0.00007260499],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001619828,0.0009903574,0.7815049,0.000451816,0.0001010194,0.00002210593,0.0008890154,0.0001420921,0.2056265,0.007330927,0.0006049864,0.0007163907],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9906988,0.007138003,0.0002966282,0.0003217875,0.0002631996,0.0004053926,0.00004710235,0.000006884376,0.0008222181],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998242,0.0002340705,0.0007404261,0.000303175,0.0002195264,0.00004703067,0.00005924639,0.000009852043,0.0001446621],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7804851,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6880147,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129993431","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syr088","title":"Biogeography Revisited with Network Theory: Retracing the History of Hydrothermal Vent Communities","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Evolution and Paleontology Studies","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":120,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Biogeography; Ecology; Biology; Ecosystem; Biodiversity; Hydrothermal vent; Identification (biology); Paleontology; Hydrothermal circulation","authors":[{"name":"Yann Moalic","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel Desbruyères","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carlos M. Duarte","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alejandro Rozenfeld","is_ca":false},{"name":"Charleyne Bachraty","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sophie Arnaud‐Haond","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03806572965243699,"gpt":0.1983536704949832,"spread":0.1602879408425462,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001084764,0.0000999371,0.0003398939,0.00005093408,0.000121261,0.000002230955,0.0002272451,0.0000682798,0.0004625681],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002265648,0.0000484678,0.00005893443,0.0001037804,0.000750103,0.00002336683,0.00001170497,0.0001134995,0.00001690969],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004083875,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002087308,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001234403,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006837229,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982021,0.001199145,0.0002837649,0.00008143058,0.00005542264,0.0001780755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989582,0.0004428352,0.0002513361,0.0002847123,0.00004004394,0.00002283409],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005308697,0.000006672921,0.9832383,0.001219495,0.0001873145,0.00000116883,0.005528581,0.00001967612,0.000001482597,0.009589056,0.0001091864,0.0000459873],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003281729,0.0006824069,0.9743614,0.0026466,0.0002569167,0.00007323646,0.01075751,0.001093189,0.000006947474,0.009244023,0.0002874996,0.000262114],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7607481,0.1253292,0.001471749,0.0001311303,0.001433876,0.001366905,0.0000392186,0.000112672,0.1093671],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994634,0.00004869186,0.0001993507,0.000192352,0.00002558149,0.000006761553,0.000007835523,0.000001651461,0.00005435526],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2387153,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5064796,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2135355813","doi":"10.1080/10635150490503026","title":"The Phylogenetic Definition of Reptilia","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":118,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Cape Breton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biology; Phylogenetic tree; Evolutionary biology; Zoology; Genetics","authors":[{"name":"Sean P. Modesto","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jason S. Anderson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02211477123305265,"gpt":0.2194214390068859,"spread":0.1973066677738332,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004717764,0.00006856407,0.000206795,0.0000286505,0.0001416816,0.000002912522,0.0001795732,0.0001189218,0.00006639173],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001721187,0.00003693349,0.00004765557,0.00007195659,0.0003870586,0.00001501624,0.000007422229,0.00006322087,0.0001681691],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000273542,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003808328,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000176596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001826218,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990405,0.0002905449,0.0003281429,0.0001241509,0.00003858562,0.0001781207],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992362,0.0003472098,0.0001596275,0.0001983245,0.00003196645,0.00002669179],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005461894,0.00001869952,0.9140125,0.001727873,0.00009412716,0.000004132327,0.0001993032,0.0003420113,0.001160683,0.08195403,0.000009502273,0.0004225494],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002307802,0.0002615729,0.7189047,0.0001988932,0.0000263288,0.0001184299,0.0001897971,0.0001776144,0.0001295989,0.2796764,0.000008403354,0.00007752124],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9870948,0.00592543,0.0006811956,0.0003240957,0.0004514295,0.0002670906,0.00001748709,0.0000184328,0.0052201],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990932,0.00005074688,0.0007463442,0.00005038375,0.00002441623,0.000005461235,0.00002184749,6.568134e-7,0.000006969297],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1977224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.216153,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139759656","doi":"10.1080/10635150802426473","title":"A Comparative Study in Ancestral Range Reconstruction Methods: Retracing the Uncertain Histories of Insular Lineages","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Plant and Fungal Species Descriptions","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":116,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Vicariance; Biological dispersal; Biology; Range (aeronautics); Cladogenesis; Lineage (genetic); Context (archaeology); Paleontology; Evolutionary biology; Phylogenetics; Clade; Population","authors":[{"name":"John Robert Clark","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard H. Ree","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael E. Alfaro","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew King","is_ca":true},{"name":"Warren L. Wagner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eric H. Roalson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09194497609525268,"gpt":0.3470887058935179,"spread":0.2551437297982652,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006283579,0.0001070897,0.0004068303,0.00005357213,0.00008224543,0.000004122375,0.0001501494,0.000108403,0.000004351683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001537499,0.00006943705,0.00005832084,0.0001313902,0.0002240741,0.000003988273,0.00004221869,0.0001072113,9.425545e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002752966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004000557,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009102778,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002956005,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983451,0.0008518156,0.0004416349,0.0001843649,0.00004831251,0.0001288208],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993877,0.0000928007,0.0002101474,0.0002294714,0.00006161741,0.00001827097],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001903955,0.0002784233,0.3137833,0.001699038,0.0003210358,0.00001241519,0.01092719,0.0001296529,0.671438,0.0009947175,0.00007869026,0.0001471511],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01170224,0.01174169,0.4439484,0.004862996,0.0009310918,0.004487161,0.2123393,0.006828528,0.2941063,0.003664316,0.002079808,0.003308302],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943964,0.002370123,0.001919394,0.00003410126,0.000295789,0.0006757834,0.00001388368,0.000006674835,0.0002877766],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978624,0.00004450894,0.0018779,0.00001156356,0.00005797801,0.00008234911,0.00001386419,0.000003678619,0.00004573843],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3773318,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2831561,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2170041483","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/sys025","title":"NeXML: Rich, Extensible, and Verifiable Representation of Comparative Data and Metadata","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":111,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; University of British Columbia","funders":"FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Evolutionary Synthesis Center; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Computer science; XML; Metadata; Python (programming language); Interoperability; Data exchange; Software; External Data Representation; File format; Software engineering; Data science; Programming language; World Wide Web","authors":[{"name":"Rutger Vos","is_ca":false},{"name":"James P. Balhoff","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jason Caravas","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mark T. Holder","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hilmar Lapp","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wayne P. Maddison","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter Midford","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anurag Priyam","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeet Sukumaran","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xuhua Xia","is_ca":true},{"name":"Arlin Stoltzfus","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08421342510478297,"gpt":0.3356246268713076,"spread":0.2514112017665247,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003497027,0.00009583581,0.0003478848,0.00002453841,0.00004023885,0.000009873495,0.0001355466,0.00006983558,0.000001459854],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001019066,0.00007352496,0.00001439975,0.0000424372,0.000134198,0.0000034947,0.0004981636,0.0000261987,8.500813e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000001660155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001122161,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003792411,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000116361,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991768,0.0001603296,0.0002576481,0.000233512,0.00003311308,0.000138576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991699,0.00005593804,0.0001500747,0.0005325445,0.00004901501,0.00004253857],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003728466,0.00005499034,0.1197165,0.002977125,0.0005468029,2.165879e-7,0.0007191607,0.000005170325,0.8721659,0.003405287,0.0002892189,0.00008227583],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005885405,0.002385011,0.3679985,0.00170162,0.002514571,0.0005553658,0.02317404,0.005199569,0.5755853,0.007852618,0.004818574,0.002329405],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9770043,0.02091157,0.001326297,0.00002476385,0.0001058219,0.0003190982,0.00008053135,0.000001504184,0.0002261416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970059,0.0003649621,0.002392768,0.00002998904,0.00005093954,0.00001773605,0.0000965366,0.000004849218,0.00003628765],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2965806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2998261,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2162703948","doi":"10.1080/10635150290102555","title":"Whole-Tree Methods for Detecting Differential Diversification Rates","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Evolution and Paleontology Studies","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":111,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Cladogenesis; Biology; Phylogenetic tree; Diversification (marketing strategy); Evolutionary biology; Tree (set theory); Null model; Clade; Mathematics; Ecology; Combinatorics; Genetics","authors":[{"name":"Kai M. A. Chan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brian R. Moore","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0790822868142146,"gpt":0.3231324740286866,"spread":0.244050187214472,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004129228,0.0000949797,0.0002939072,0.00005814865,0.0002451258,0.00001485913,0.0001275836,0.0000986893,0.0003026444],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004150677,0.00006561942,0.00006774463,0.00006752248,0.00008862678,0.00003486314,0.000009273447,0.00005671244,0.0001540485],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000002997902,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002821244,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006545705,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001643057,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988232,0.0004968827,0.0002700155,0.0001843843,0.00003034032,0.0001951436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986466,0.0009913879,0.0001518012,0.0001297284,0.00004436841,0.00003611339],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002535419,0.00002505508,0.9658732,0.007439139,0.0002709192,6.885023e-7,0.001815153,0.00001810672,0.002617515,0.001219067,0.0002908311,0.02040492],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001074254,0.0004433806,0.6767091,0.000549379,0.0002689723,0.00003521674,0.002923261,0.3104501,0.0003823918,0.006279697,0.0004084835,0.0004756892],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3642996,0.01519762,0.6058947,0.001704477,0.003095227,0.002307197,0.00008215617,0.0002275463,0.007191466],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900308,0.00001258093,0.009634182,0.00005419549,0.00006146522,0.00001812882,0.00002112899,0.000001270654,0.0001662569],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6257312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3313744,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2104644229","doi":"10.1093/sysbio/syr120","title":"Pleistocene Speciation in the Genus Populus (Salicaceae)","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systematic Biology","topic":"Genetic diversity and population structure","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":108,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Center for Research Resources; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Illinois State University","keywords":"Pleistocene; Coalescent theory; Biology; Allopatric speciation; Ecology; Glacial period; Range (aeronautics); Genetic divergence; Last Glacial Maximum; Lineage (genetic); Genetic diversity; Paleontology; Phylogenetics; Population","authors":[{"name":"Nicholas D. Levsen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter Tiffin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew S. Olson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01939449224907511,"gpt":0.2571846341257098,"spread":0.2377901418766347,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005263966,0.00009520462,0.0001586513,0.00003667286,0.00005404508,0.00001097963,0.0002007625,0.0001653661,0.00002177605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001069614,0.00006373729,0.0000525902,0.00008044558,0.00003377575,0.00000250011,0.00006016985,0.00006369856,0.00003318334],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001220751,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001183068,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003888081,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005617246,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989975,0.0003546677,0.0002346655,0.0001331056,0.00007199742,0.0002080737],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995111,0.00001999412,0.0001145116,0.0002947391,0.00002533347,0.00003436181],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001098996,0.0002173038,0.9225662,0.003851537,0.0001749089,0.000003447651,0.005236325,0.0002062779,0.03705534,0.02604923,0.003429482,0.001100027],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001447382,0.0003751591,0.9702581,0.000280888,0.000137035,0.0002214412,0.003182277,0.0001239056,0.005165812,0.001839869,0.01632892,0.0006392625],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958497,0.001098346,0.001073287,0.0002184714,0.000377194,0.0004554304,0.000009143339,0.000006030249,0.0009123955],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987924,0.000007680799,0.000269245,0.0004782856,0.0002603944,0.00002478869,0.00008095845,0.000004668852,0.00008161186],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04769183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2599131,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}