{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":14,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":14,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"8dc84ae9fda0","filters":{"venue":"TASK Journal on Task-Based Language Teaching and Learning"}},"results":[{"id":"W4387333105","doi":"10.1075/task.22013.wou","title":"Modelling plurilingual instruction through a crosslinguistic-communicative task sequence","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TASK Journal on Task-Based Language Teaching and Learning","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Task (project management); Computer science; Field (mathematics); Process (computing); Task analysis; Test (biology); Perception; Linguistics; Sequence (biology); Psychology; Natural language processing","authors":[{"name":"Isabelle Wouters","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nina Woll","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pierre-Luc Paquet","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0502108474219241,"gpt":0.3111208159656612,"spread":0.260909968543737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004148469,0.0004506242,0.0004761526,0.0004438545,0.006556624,0.001083836,0.0004065433,0.0001382023,0.0002293013],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001984107,0.0003980697,0.0002064357,0.0001444737,0.0003399844,0.0003950596,0.00009451186,0.007239929,0.0001364489],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001286593,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001230515,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001410603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005042821,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9955082,0.002051118,0.0006269907,0.000520299,0.0005630151,0.000730399],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974489,0.001280486,0.0005570553,0.0003829475,0.0001252889,0.0002053627],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001886659,0.0001005974,0.0003172497,0.00009525893,0.0001290399,0.0003602324,0.5727394,0.3690134,0.0008969429,0.01151003,0.0003705902,0.04427855],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003382078,0.001228767,0.00004174826,0.002045506,0.0001848423,0.0003195666,0.3092211,0.3589788,0.0001141727,0.001584198,0.3213229,0.001576328],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9762903,0.0008341299,0.005856857,0.0004650365,0.000664725,0.0001423001,0.0000241278,0.000918566,0.01480393],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911622,0.00007400646,0.002811871,0.0006205642,0.001757907,0.00000961672,0.0001063739,0.0001051495,0.003352265],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3209523,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999532,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402491905","doi":"10.1075/task.22012.bea","title":"Addressing the L2 learning needs of adults with limited education","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TASK Journal on Task-Based Language Teaching and Learning","topic":"Second Language Learning and Teaching","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Medical education; Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Suzie Beaulieu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Véronique Fortier","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02066305187872777,"gpt":0.2658805859149574,"spread":0.2452175340362296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002531341,0.0003094094,0.0003085343,0.0006158514,0.002458531,0.001126066,0.0002066697,0.00007610493,0.0005215011],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007655885,0.0001899706,0.0001432148,0.0001374518,0.0001849999,0.000306078,0.00002712763,0.005671442,0.00001978172],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006053889,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001786452,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007961596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006696547,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970517,0.001523283,0.0003917128,0.0002557393,0.0003975245,0.0003800407],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979998,0.001249909,0.0003480598,0.0001936321,0.00007645006,0.0001320826],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001718584,0.00008801488,0.0007022162,0.0002265791,0.000126668,0.00007625303,0.4725648,0.005072512,0.0005757204,0.003062343,0.0002779221,0.5170552],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001137996,0.001488815,0.000267079,0.006953049,0.000243305,0.0003825793,0.8369141,0.01266266,0.0001283906,0.00002018965,0.1391816,0.000620165],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9762886,0.007742414,0.0007504769,0.0007177088,0.0004142353,0.0001225217,0.00000378049,0.0003120648,0.01364815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926543,0.00001877749,0.0002849819,0.0006768882,0.001261852,0.000008191209,0.0000461068,0.00008025572,0.004968684],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.516435,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999108,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7127954313","doi":"10.1075/task.00041.gil","title":"A qualitative and quantitative preliminary analysis of a task design web-based tool and its applications for teachereducation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TASK Journal on Task-Based Language Teaching and Learning","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Task (project management); Task analysis; Perspective (graphical); Job design; Language education; Perception; Key (lock); Train","authors":[{"name":"Roger Gilabert","is_ca":true},{"name":"Joan Castellví","is_ca":true},{"name":"Elisabet Comelles","is_ca":true},{"name":"Vera Trager","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gina Arnold","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aleksandra Malicka","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kerry Anne Brennan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Natasha Moskvina","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04166838885869519,"gpt":0.3594419529779231,"spread":0.3177735641192279,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004804599,0.0002631943,0.0004879521,0.000945044,0.001929631,0.0002989242,0.0001152679,0.00008209149,0.00004467587],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002052335,0.000230079,0.0001454384,0.0001682617,0.0001625901,0.0001795691,0.00002094283,0.001471932,0.000001373243],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005937532,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001574736,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001326533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003015674,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996186,0.002489607,0.000480788,0.0003720119,0.0002039313,0.0002677327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9939314,0.005170156,0.000518664,0.0001407129,0.000139519,0.00009954183],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001160191,0.0005072713,0.000856767,0.0005853677,0.001569176,0.000008641349,0.8294103,0.02656269,0.005754913,0.04230419,0.0004387725,0.09084173],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004983224,0.003893649,0.001289114,0.00157008,0.003738715,0.0000123991,0.6096081,0.3388748,0.0002504744,0.000607088,0.03412599,0.001046324],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8810065,0.004220459,0.1123882,0.0008756021,0.00005748594,0.0005162335,0.00005831586,0.0001042465,0.0007728887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9903541,0.0000199337,0.007505389,0.0003666463,0.00009289959,0.00009125121,0.00008020977,0.00002875196,0.001460772],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3123122,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993697,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7127895650","doi":"10.1075/task.25003.gur","title":"Open-access sites as catalysts for teacher education","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TASK Journal on Task-Based Language Teaching and Learning","topic":"Educational Theory and Curriculum Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Task (project management); Teacher education; Professional development; Teacher preparation; Task analysis; Professional learning community; Faculty development","authors":[{"name":"Laura Gurzynski-Weiss","is_ca":true},{"name":"Caitlyn Pineault","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02316388024616949,"gpt":0.4294164492792721,"spread":0.4062525690331026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004103342,0.000138238,0.0001877997,0.0001977777,0.004343164,0.001038566,0.0005290649,0.00006596259,0.0001057142],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004052568,0.000119435,0.00007399736,0.000182443,0.00009553978,0.0004634986,0.00008257142,0.0009813793,0.00001161466],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001365503,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006985809,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001305845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001611789,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978706,0.001227236,0.0002083655,0.0002330007,0.0001999567,0.0002608964],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985303,0.0009440738,0.0002097302,0.0001021158,0.00009077651,0.0001229699],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003743444,0.00142038,0.04495133,0.0001518605,0.0002346938,0.00001386866,0.1726638,0.0005847425,0.001358633,0.1550416,0.05111044,0.5720943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001571374,0.0003687115,0.007052483,0.001037965,0.0001953237,0.0000151541,0.3834642,0.0001083075,0.0002696011,0.009354347,0.5958928,0.0006698053],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9085324,0.002342435,0.0005736034,0.00771323,0.0005001842,0.0003162982,0.000003328546,0.00007017133,0.07994837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9729226,0.00003238133,0.0005481881,0.00219032,0.0005523536,0.00004563421,0.00003070169,0.00001216043,0.02366569],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5714245,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999985,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387333155","doi":"10.1075/task.22001.bou","title":"A task-based framework for oral language instruction in support of young language learners in Frenchimmersion","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TASK Journal on Task-Based Language Teaching and Learning","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Task (project management); Cognition; Psychology; Computer science; Language education; Second language; Task analysis; Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Linguistics","authors":[{"name":"Renée Bourgoin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Josée Le Bouthillier","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01854885191354395,"gpt":0.2878860713768868,"spread":0.2693372194633429,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005000241,0.0003869329,0.0005937118,0.001430258,0.0009280256,0.0002684278,0.000254496,0.0002001807,0.0002909323],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001936665,0.0003524224,0.0002257116,0.0002611267,0.0001434836,0.0002688463,0.00003948078,0.004558814,0.00002504979],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001572127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001207359,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002331192,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008150883,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961751,0.001456244,0.0007179937,0.0004647636,0.0004804402,0.0007055366],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978757,0.001121536,0.0005528688,0.0002463704,0.00004057228,0.0001629713],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009003931,0.000424685,0.0268974,0.0005273303,0.0001021665,0.000808911,0.7596195,0.047591,0.009001301,0.003258155,0.0009475467,0.1499216],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01424096,0.00392167,0.006336573,0.004186435,0.0002030651,0.0001284672,0.8914089,0.04105426,0.000920362,0.0003354167,0.03511168,0.002152201],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954615,0.0003803794,0.00138072,0.0005140335,0.0004389718,0.0002427014,0.00003337087,0.000234603,0.001313691],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953735,0.00001155227,0.001999632,0.0005349478,0.0004788394,0.00001960563,0.0002291654,0.00009079087,0.001261933],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1477694,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998928,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7128053279","doi":"10.1075/task.25009.gut","title":"Bridging the research-practice gap in task‑based language teaching","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TASK Journal on Task-Based Language Teaching and Learning","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Bridging (networking); Field (mathematics); Focus (optics); Language education; Key (lock); Teacher education","authors":[{"name":"Xavier Gutiérrez","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lara Bryfonski","is_ca":false},{"name":"Greg Ogilvie","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03674090411274715,"gpt":0.341888605857339,"spread":0.3051477017445919,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02737405,0.0005114402,0.0005594321,0.00136816,0.008012276,0.002091819,0.0006793784,0.0001630931,0.000282211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01263765,0.0003850383,0.0002403657,0.0002339273,0.0003655983,0.0005641087,0.0001364189,0.01967832,0.0000682039],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003379564,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002781101,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004492411,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000457065,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9836859,0.01272404,0.0007793689,0.0006672928,0.0009981166,0.001145345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9914913,0.007106943,0.0005063353,0.0005436501,0.000120743,0.0002310998],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006233017,0.000638339,0.002368698,0.0002616337,0.0002202952,0.001488191,0.5175284,0.02792352,0.002943234,0.02402109,0.00604783,0.4159355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00356243,0.0007640439,0.0004127798,0.003755056,0.0001697894,0.0001392224,0.482537,0.03452702,0.00009537138,0.000148139,0.4729039,0.0009853115],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9016437,0.004265865,0.002852554,0.01089353,0.0006115022,0.0003472048,0.00001099891,0.0004192252,0.07895541],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.983141,0.0000188746,0.0008345331,0.005422874,0.001454059,0.00002031251,0.00003753458,0.00009607425,0.008974759],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.466856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998602,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7127941703","doi":"10.1075/task.25006.bry","title":"Examining teachers’ evaluations of task characteristics","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TASK Journal on Task-Based Language Teaching and Learning","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Task (project management); Sample (material); Quality (philosophy); Professional development; Task analysis; Bridge (graph theory); Language education; Teacher education","authors":[{"name":"Lara Bryfonski","is_ca":true},{"name":"Caitlyn Pineault","is_ca":true},{"name":"Akiko Fujii","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02589899355709719,"gpt":0.2940236523773647,"spread":0.2681246588202675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005232775,0.000327857,0.0004951629,0.000621713,0.002656121,0.0004798969,0.0002556955,0.0001082461,0.0004345506],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002901147,0.0002866707,0.0001525318,0.00008351528,0.0001904368,0.0002089062,0.0000491461,0.004613497,0.00002318947],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000100325,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001518296,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002316723,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002400594,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9959369,0.002190804,0.0006617876,0.0003426126,0.0004369811,0.000430858],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975449,0.001326286,0.0006187153,0.0002584776,0.0001059913,0.0001456631],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001559391,0.0003726146,0.01454654,0.0002060301,0.0003377775,0.0001010504,0.4575947,0.00400099,0.008490951,0.00994898,0.001599449,0.502645],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00660206,0.00309773,0.01854177,0.007165359,0.001054691,0.0001261509,0.4095379,0.01750135,0.0003631412,0.0003330912,0.5335551,0.002121648],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9706506,0.0009534386,0.003114709,0.0004978386,0.0004810623,0.0001204576,0.00001536927,0.0001987321,0.02396776],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9873499,0.00001451584,0.0008056822,0.0007899429,0.0006275981,0.000006687148,0.00005461691,0.00004798289,0.01030307],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5319557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999585,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7128079767","doi":"10.1075/task.25007.mic","title":"Validity argument for the use of summative task-based language assessment in a language teaching program for adult immigrants","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TASK Journal on Task-Based Language Teaching and Learning","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Summative assessment; Formative assessment; Argument (complex analysis); Process (computing); Literacy; Language assessment; Authentic assessment; Dynamic assessment; Component (thermodynamics); Professional development","authors":[{"name":"Gabriel Michaud","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christophe Chénier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Romain Schmidt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Louis-David Bibeau","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03379176575737737,"gpt":0.3316846127173966,"spread":0.2978928469600192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006726276,0.000512626,0.0007096085,0.0006189208,0.002800232,0.0008835506,0.0003918402,0.0001392923,0.00005926115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004406953,0.0003705709,0.0004219206,0.00009955912,0.0001811017,0.0003128055,0.00005477269,0.004586213,0.000002128047],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002328185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002161623,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00330918,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001003785,"domain_scores_codex":[0.994706,0.002653678,0.0008723061,0.0005268732,0.0004976921,0.0007434501],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9925699,0.005931588,0.0008031817,0.0003836828,0.0001697868,0.0001418708],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001289256,0.001775659,0.007290555,0.001134656,0.0005129534,0.0001187394,0.4328455,0.03519903,0.004068779,0.007408258,0.002462227,0.5058944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01558855,0.005022062,0.00241332,0.007218186,0.0009179667,0.00002613106,0.5656994,0.2411098,0.0009586225,0.0001049908,0.1591085,0.001832434],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9700403,0.0008223499,0.02448322,0.001707977,0.0003867942,0.001434845,0.0001359135,0.0002610946,0.0007274708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.985428,0.000009406604,0.009906173,0.001650378,0.000457025,0.0002311718,0.0001731762,0.00008045629,0.002064156],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5040619,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998747,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387333009","doi":"10.1075/task.22009.bar","title":"Exploring task effects on register variation in second language learners’ writing","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TASK Journal on Task-Based Language Teaching and Learning","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Formality; Register (sociolinguistics); Fluency; Variation (astronomy); Task (project management); Computer science; Linguistics; Narrative; Second language; Second language writing; Psychology; Mathematics education","authors":[{"name":"Khaled Barkaoui","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03820376478874448,"gpt":0.2655071222660945,"spread":0.22730335747735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005922262,0.0004222966,0.0004712106,0.001069411,0.00225589,0.0008681727,0.0002288497,0.0001080627,0.0002917419],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001827574,0.0003784468,0.0001724676,0.0001608287,0.00006839765,0.0005340592,0.00005222176,0.00623396,0.0002065767],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001673095,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004572216,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000455056,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001413599,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9950358,0.002576962,0.0005612511,0.0005368766,0.0005327791,0.0007563055],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969203,0.002141968,0.0004287543,0.0002731893,0.00003008231,0.0002056705],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002259525,0.0001448568,0.002111467,0.000347537,0.00009811892,0.001661376,0.7617575,0.0154968,0.01010817,0.002487438,0.0006324288,0.2049284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01208203,0.004765141,0.02045354,0.01147776,0.0002489189,0.0002837911,0.7269767,0.02750484,0.0008439766,0.0001764963,0.1914136,0.003773198],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9867705,0.000354492,0.0001468595,0.000653743,0.0005279839,0.0001585116,0.000006066958,0.0005413994,0.01084042],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900559,0.00001833838,0.000168745,0.001138749,0.001833031,0.0000239571,0.00005401615,0.0001131909,0.006594041],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2011552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998667,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7128017942","doi":"10.1075/task.25004.gut","title":"What impact can a TBLT teacher education course have?","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TASK Journal on Task-Based Language Teaching and Learning","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Task (project management); Teacher education; Disposition; Course (navigation); Qualitative research; Language education; Perception; Task analysis","authors":[{"name":"Xavier Gutiérrez","is_ca":true},{"name":"Leila Ranta","is_ca":true},{"name":"Greg Ogilvie","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009950383358360309,"gpt":0.3009158740574671,"spread":0.2909654906991068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003152914,0.0003990306,0.0004001622,0.0005195056,0.003317245,0.002147442,0.0002471872,0.000117229,0.0008354624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007935173,0.0003176946,0.0002370406,0.00006063926,0.0001410432,0.0004943317,0.00003516428,0.005684279,0.00003271906],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002304731,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004506418,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001622272,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000281056,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963465,0.001941357,0.0004284363,0.0003875193,0.0003580228,0.0005381875],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998518,0.0005043271,0.0003747648,0.000271491,0.00008288467,0.0002485191],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001942635,0.0007701833,0.01145355,0.0001123344,0.0002576182,0.0000986785,0.2734345,0.005364537,0.0006304992,0.003934611,0.01023934,0.6935099],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002534032,0.001151042,0.003610334,0.003992078,0.0003742626,0.0001514201,0.4824584,0.005429351,0.00005132649,0.0002515671,0.4988191,0.001177105],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9669403,0.005110824,0.0003474331,0.002915402,0.00114407,0.0001497978,0.000005654968,0.0002746743,0.02311181],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9476925,0.00003966271,0.0001814836,0.002366873,0.001269175,0.000009510569,0.00005586879,0.00005775239,0.04832724],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6923327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999275,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7127894277","doi":"10.1075/task.25008.bra","title":"Teacher education, tasks, and the art of communifriction","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TASK Journal on Task-Based Language Teaching and Learning","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Cognition; Task (project management); Work (physics); Professional development; Empirical research; Language acquisition","authors":[{"name":"Kris Van den Branden","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007293646803978489,"gpt":0.2546477211071278,"spread":0.2473540743031493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004246165,0.0001977302,0.0002972725,0.0003035344,0.002810114,0.0003888006,0.0001734228,0.00005968426,0.000201443],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00116546,0.000132759,0.0001000999,0.00005106292,0.0003031543,0.0001419554,0.0000393056,0.003581731,0.00000906874],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004039834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009919985,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006185581,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006427138,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965858,0.002446629,0.0003666997,0.0001761242,0.0002105932,0.0002140938],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982312,0.001085632,0.0003435608,0.0002072659,0.00006190702,0.00007041283],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005305026,0.0005273643,0.006665518,0.0002237282,0.0002520031,0.000012061,0.4082263,0.002083056,0.0006158413,0.09783605,0.01733485,0.4656927],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003083626,0.0003691197,0.001244911,0.001280274,0.0002184464,0.00005699642,0.2040572,0.003246297,0.00002866833,0.0005314779,0.7855067,0.0003763343],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9040756,0.005516819,0.001301133,0.004790961,0.0004701953,0.0001680427,0.000003138104,0.0001368363,0.08353733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9745292,0.00004340837,0.0002395271,0.00153696,0.0003979312,0.000006511297,0.00001745948,0.00002221842,0.02320675],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7681718,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987171,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7127977887","doi":"10.1075/task.25005.gor","title":"Teacher perspectives and student voices","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TASK Journal on Task-Based Language Teaching and Learning","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Vocabulary; Task (project management); Grammar; Language education; Curriculum; Portuguese; Qualitative research; Teaching method","authors":[{"name":"Koen Van Gorp","is_ca":true},{"name":"Emily Heidrich Uebel","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008855184309150402,"gpt":0.2805723569397239,"spread":0.2717171726305735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002888463,0.000308934,0.0003446074,0.0004398579,0.003477301,0.001090987,0.0001836677,0.00007743749,0.0003691764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008736216,0.0002459345,0.0001112349,0.00004363679,0.0001932786,0.0002256037,0.00005742084,0.00459365,0.00001735268],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008417777,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000527271,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003809483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007846466,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970263,0.001567509,0.0003216905,0.0003860982,0.0003069531,0.0003913995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99867,0.000733013,0.000239017,0.0001616589,0.00004781459,0.0001484512],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001488193,0.0003681652,0.01369078,0.0001092432,0.0002897903,0.0001514925,0.8102787,0.001353383,0.0007928797,0.0178058,0.001710071,0.1533009],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001848837,0.0007086724,0.00360392,0.0009291087,0.0001582984,0.00005184217,0.6989688,0.001441294,0.00001942542,0.0001028172,0.291587,0.0005800275],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9524756,0.006770448,0.0003768241,0.001584223,0.0002434769,0.00009383096,0.000002645942,0.0002309973,0.03822195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9757609,0.00004431492,0.0002707363,0.0009947787,0.0008026334,0.000005080476,0.000006714763,0.00003687386,0.02207802],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2898769,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999993,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402492035","doi":"10.1075/task.00027.tig","title":"French writing tasks for undergraduate learners","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TASK Journal on Task-Based Language Teaching and Learning","topic":"French Language Learning Methods","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Mathematics education; Computer science; Psychology","authors":[{"name":"Magda Tigchelaar","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gabrielle Forget","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0180398884185493,"gpt":0.3453024353901808,"spread":0.3272625469716315,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01396729,0.0003279347,0.0003709429,0.0005195869,0.003620128,0.001320112,0.0003210546,0.0002122788,0.0001592941],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007609378,0.0002959425,0.0002630412,0.0003208953,0.0002221594,0.0003246139,0.00003469253,0.004967881,0.00003773151],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002736099,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003572207,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001577244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001719063,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9930858,0.004387078,0.0004560141,0.0005337312,0.0006728065,0.0008645718],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9945642,0.004545095,0.0002496607,0.0001905483,0.00006219857,0.000388298],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004044486,0.0000570058,0.001045075,0.0001658534,0.0001215268,0.0004979188,0.08739004,0.009366767,0.00321304,0.005892291,0.002372014,0.889838],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00218817,0.001358852,0.0003547696,0.002778561,0.0002864547,0.000209435,0.1152072,0.04216555,0.000206707,0.001380026,0.8322988,0.001565535],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7135534,0.01902417,0.2149301,0.01338899,0.00174222,0.0006334654,0.00002034109,0.001792559,0.03491474],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9614099,0.00006092443,0.02473736,0.0008342056,0.001685963,0.00001754343,0.00002753952,0.00009139905,0.01113514],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8882725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999493,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413125657","doi":"10.1075/task.23013.tav","title":"What makes a task difficult?","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TASK Journal on Task-Based Language Teaching and Learning","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Task (project management); Computer science; Engineering; Systems engineering","authors":[{"name":"Parvaneh Tavakoli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Farahnaz Faez","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01010266319932725,"gpt":0.2576028211108232,"spread":0.247500157911496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003125696,0.0004384485,0.0004820025,0.0005759696,0.004427476,0.002611833,0.0003072128,0.0001257253,0.0005038109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001327127,0.0003490872,0.0002173501,0.00009603078,0.0001859707,0.0005608923,0.00005862165,0.006143293,0.0000798129],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001148553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001014042,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002758256,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008843883,"domain_scores_codex":[0.995997,0.001954335,0.000519703,0.000467597,0.0004319378,0.0006294977],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980139,0.001039087,0.0003712031,0.0002752391,0.00008373137,0.0002168563],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003555455,0.0005074054,0.001951967,0.0002706832,0.0003922078,0.0005783518,0.4098802,0.008747338,0.003496846,0.0202352,0.009385065,0.5441992],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002245565,0.0006850188,0.000413204,0.002771007,0.0001724377,0.00009172905,0.2164735,0.003158259,0.00006696419,0.0001415947,0.7729775,0.0008032494],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9630773,0.005716654,0.001179517,0.003034322,0.001488937,0.0001580211,0.000007356789,0.000516092,0.02482181],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.960579,0.00007576975,0.00032791,0.003210659,0.001125525,0.000008566243,0.00004169148,0.00005976691,0.0345711],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7635924,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998961,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}