{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":9234,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":15,"predictions_cover":9234,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"85077373b3d2","filters":{"venue":"TSpace"}},"results":[{"id":"W3124588732","doi":"10.1509/jmkr.48.3.486","title":"Effects of Social and Temporal Distance on Consumers&apos; Responses to Peer Recommendations","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Behavioral Health and Interventions","field":"Psychology","cited_by":293,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Construal level theory; Social distance; Psychology; Preference; Social psychology; Consumption (sociology); Social comparison theory; Distance decay; Sociology; Economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1814704480887319,"gpt":0.5014988986240136,"spread":0.3200284505352817,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000149296,0.00007050129,0.0001165364,0.00007088717,0.00009169713,0.000004505547,0.00006044993,0.0000572155,0.001416401],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005423103,0.00006877109,0.00003999057,0.00009389472,0.00006367652,0.00002546069,0.00001784313,0.00009856329,0.000145527],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001710374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001514161,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001021784,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002487104,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993439,0.0001416226,0.0001423641,0.0001433913,0.00007024951,0.0001585143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995776,0.00009489848,0.00006452089,0.0001127639,0.00005742033,0.00009276755],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00523876,0.002458491,0.1072932,0.0001905439,0.0001032634,0.00003870236,0.1573997,1.169903e-8,0.00150679,0.1084845,0.5432255,0.07406057],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008698277,0.001055108,0.8547934,0.00007578814,0.00003742036,0.000002982588,0.003512149,3.158634e-7,0.001523543,0.0001297945,0.1378518,0.0001478809],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9810218,0.00008386517,0.0001607316,0.004467437,0.0004270599,0.0002665027,0.00003207756,0.00002904397,0.01351149],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9664931,0.000002155186,0.0004842539,0.0002947446,0.00001893156,0.0000518521,0.000006377552,0.000009376216,0.03263925],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7475002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994965,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2118079529","doi":"","title":"Collaborative Filtering: A Machine Learning Perspective","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Data Stream Mining Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":181,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Perspective (graphical); Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Machine learning","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01534535806987036,"gpt":0.3209898047101817,"spread":0.3056444466403114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001331404,0.0001216196,0.0001195904,0.00008659148,0.0001122182,0.000137039,0.0006146518,0.00003658507,0.0000201431],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001579907,0.0001176809,0.0000259172,0.0005076174,0.00004520678,0.0003276409,0.0003689353,0.0001865372,0.00007226947],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001795113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001031469,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005297229,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004043015,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991723,0.00004342144,0.00008088192,0.0003331915,0.0001637347,0.0002064841],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993024,0.00003788706,0.00006504113,0.0004111592,0.0001195077,0.0000639713],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002486602,0.0001676694,0.0003549815,0.00001203039,0.00006142742,0.0002157241,0.1024416,0.0006456555,0.01687924,0.8691038,0.002914372,0.007178562],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004256641,0.003763837,0.003261864,0.000469748,0.00004749282,0.0004019337,0.02765057,0.02080923,0.59522,0.1423972,0.1987781,0.002943383],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01635933,0.0002860545,0.9305319,0.006317913,0.0001102961,0.000212303,0.000006910027,0.001725183,0.04445014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5742182,0.00002207342,0.4245963,0.0001319087,0.0000321932,0.00001965165,0.000004135557,0.000012505,0.0009631556],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7267067,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4798886,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3121327553","doi":"10.1093/rfs/hhx113","title":"Illiquidity Premia in the Equity Options Market","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Stochastic processes and financial applications","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":178,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Equity (law); Economics; Monetary economics; Financial economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09047670418983812,"gpt":0.3456352434496716,"spread":0.2551585392598335,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005782954,0.00007086731,0.0001353356,0.00003943114,0.0003934446,0.0001316709,0.0006435775,0.00004812306,0.0001924625],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003365353,0.00006539089,0.0000440552,0.00008585231,0.00008152369,0.0001402472,0.0001419877,0.0001258433,0.000279065],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000403704,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001761659,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001000145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002228207,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993994,0.000003127516,0.0001843697,0.0002036411,0.00002674571,0.0001827148],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990571,0.00004606863,0.00018724,0.0006645378,0.00001605857,0.00002900387],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004809711,0.00004443014,0.002195582,0.000007384122,0.000002676435,8.118271e-7,0.000638233,0.000003608639,0.000004102721,0.9942975,0.001783757,0.001017095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002107528,0.00002109034,0.4316397,0.000008805774,0.000002886217,0.000002440747,0.0001851436,0.0006938895,0.000009724175,0.4797687,0.08731508,0.0001418368],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08991438,0.001155829,0.191279,0.01767016,0.0003854999,0.0005329574,0.0001124203,0.00004285757,0.6989069],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973323,0.0001338199,0.0008170551,0.0001820884,0.0001165907,0.0001686812,0.000002800859,0.000006860101,0.00123978],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.907418,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3586909,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092423386","doi":"10.5555/1298455.1298482","title":"Splitting interfaces: making trust between applications and operating systems configurable","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Security and Verification in Computing","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":176,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Operating system; Commodity; Interface (matter); Overhead (engineering); Routing (electronic design automation); Context (archaeology); Implementation; System call; Code (set theory); Trusted Computing; Embedded system; Limiting; Engineering; Programming language","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03242877942569101,"gpt":0.3164687079170901,"spread":0.2840399284913991,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003704821,0.0001077155,0.000147424,0.00005620227,0.0004003755,0.0006080114,0.0004000059,0.00005156202,0.000005460622],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001849747,0.0001117107,0.0000169284,0.0002542103,0.000037218,0.0002260669,0.0001404958,0.0001320836,0.00002335326],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003498079,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002520301,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002653131,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002549604,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990009,0.00005342627,0.0002526835,0.0003410726,0.0001323677,0.0002195325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992478,0.0001761454,0.00013533,0.0003362226,0.00006623221,0.00003828667],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000158492,0.00004899015,0.0143184,0.00027119,0.00003762428,0.00000384085,0.007153315,0.00506231,0.005225302,0.9500182,0.0008128129,0.01704648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006936435,0.00008143261,0.007520957,0.0002994276,0.00005394126,0.00008447639,0.006205895,0.8883771,0.010865,0.003381467,0.0814243,0.001012322],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08492871,0.0005824117,0.8951245,0.0006262221,0.00009561392,0.0002771326,0.00000123698,0.0002778309,0.01808634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9736184,0.000002234997,0.02548334,0.00005352233,0.000218779,0.0000333549,0.000002708959,0.000008022385,0.0005795606],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9466367,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5863068,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3123722964","doi":"10.1007/s11142-014-9295-6","title":"Analyst Following Along the Supply Chain","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"TSpace","topic":"","field":"","cited_by":150,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Public finance; Corporate finance; Business; International political economy; Economics; Finance; Political science; Macroeconomics; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01388173325036618,"gpt":0.302623822971257,"spread":0.2887420897208908,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007873244,0.0004242621,0.0005213798,0.00031827,0.00009786106,0.00008393877,0.0006815518,0.0002842151,0.008051877],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001244333,0.0002924828,0.0003656428,0.000449294,0.00008476105,0.00001972697,0.0001223559,0.0003760275,0.03908998],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009420163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005885772,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006776905,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01078739,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998058,0.0002753751,0.0001693873,0.000460581,0.0005328924,0.0005037551],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981849,0.000107728,0.0002889976,0.001300979,0.00001487491,0.0001025664],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003804288,0.00001102632,0.0009704426,0.00002160756,0.0003485706,0.00002811586,0.0006471082,0.000007392442,0.0002863516,0.0002788693,0.9972367,0.0001600136],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002941121,0.0000120532,0.00036915,0.0002412601,0.0002702512,0.000004731467,0.0003941472,0.0001084327,0.00003994226,0.00001245801,0.9978716,0.0003818294],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005536705,0.002338503,0.0002214142,0.0007685135,0.0005471223,0.0004626782,0.00003461596,0.0007977595,0.9942757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.03354809,0.0000133614,0.0002683276,0.0001989448,0.001041745,0.00003489616,0.00007885545,0.00233542,0.9624804],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03299442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999527,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1555250870","doi":"","title":"The New Constitutionalism and the Judicialization of Pure Politics Worldwide","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":141,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Constitutionalism; Politics; Legitimacy; Political science; Public sphere; Jurisprudence; Law and economics; Judicial review; Law; Sociology; Democracy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01625766061043491,"gpt":0.3098850748993388,"spread":0.2936274142889039,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003243686,0.00004341775,0.00007617535,0.00001159326,0.001395226,0.00003562427,0.00008824634,0.00002556939,0.00001671038],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000274323,0.00002475667,0.00002809356,0.0001575328,0.002936746,0.00003322073,0.00002830779,0.00004072789,0.000004171267],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002363153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002931916,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05631116,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01952061,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994026,0.00007749045,0.0001031097,0.00005971705,0.0002304017,0.0001266149],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994361,0.000334474,0.00006114721,0.00005153815,0.0000911954,0.0000255629],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007540402,0.000003797805,0.0008197753,5.984241e-7,0.000008166893,2.117258e-7,0.001844533,0.00001350754,0.000005406877,0.9883375,0.00871591,0.0002430705],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002458755,0.000002594257,0.003098751,0.00001034927,0.00002048373,6.056299e-7,0.003576877,0.000005875405,0.00002349123,0.6054354,0.3875408,0.00003888083],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02705872,0.01283349,0.002180791,0.1845833,0.0005777162,0.0003954967,0.000005964665,0.00004914145,0.7723154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940793,0.0005225781,0.00003378914,0.0002767257,0.0005569526,0.000003665139,0.00000124913,0.000001417195,0.004524335],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9670206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999048,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3121435987","doi":"10.1177/0090591707299808","title":"Citizenship as Inherited Property","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Discrimination and Equality Law","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":107,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Politics; Law and economics; Citizenship; Scrutiny; Property (philosophy); Realm; Property rights; Sociology; Analogy; Inheritance (genetic algorithm); State (computer science); Law; Political science; Epistemology; Philosophy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1116693523320793,"gpt":0.4430341299960502,"spread":0.3313647776639709,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001021921,0.00004228368,0.00005277804,0.00002886869,0.0002228483,0.00005305172,0.0001060293,0.00005350411,0.00118757],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003289686,0.00003168197,0.00002470307,0.0001990071,0.0001406321,0.00004771156,0.00001482068,0.00005704758,0.0005536035],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004351983,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005222243,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003841255,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002390854,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992748,0.00007960351,0.00007605797,0.00009295122,0.0002555428,0.0002210523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996624,0.00005028767,0.00002482364,0.00008272304,0.00006304041,0.0001167018],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002412921,0.00003851456,0.001118389,0.000006985974,0.000007281212,0.00001232016,0.1172575,1.839494e-7,0.0005432974,0.8461668,0.02049663,0.01432797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002609404,0.00003660026,0.01173341,0.00001475451,0.000007228503,8.429299e-7,0.04965954,0.000002689046,0.001042391,0.02474902,0.9123005,0.000192065],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2258936,0.000006532594,0.0001361777,0.007500748,0.0001152944,0.00007657212,1.625589e-7,0.000103175,0.7661678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8142698,0.000004626118,0.0001414827,0.001010126,0.0001089038,0.000001495075,0.000001015878,0.000004248076,0.1844583],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8918039,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997255,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6959243386","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct","title":"Geometrically nonlinear analysis of laminated composite plates by two new displacement-based quadrilateral plate elements","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":95,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Quadrilateral; Deflection (physics); Finite element method; Nonlinear system; Composite number; Boundary value problem; Displacement (psychology); Displacement field; Plate theory","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01401159862275659,"gpt":0.2604660188858349,"spread":0.2464544202630783,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008046319,0.0001441311,0.0002560582,0.00003688263,0.00008219036,0.00001467989,0.0001559702,0.00003881747,0.001700085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008430862,0.00004819965,0.0001120312,0.0005512773,0.00006993918,0.00003100495,0.00007843675,0.00003210153,0.00005133017],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002881473,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002213629,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00064619,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000212172,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990215,0.00003108567,0.0002284035,0.0002386528,0.0002274217,0.0002529232],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999583,0.0001203749,0.0001222132,0.00005908182,0.00001522767,0.000100074],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006872525,0.0001011629,0.2772141,0.000002869219,0.0002599263,0.000001099801,0.00004615145,0.00005586364,0.7119232,0.000001966057,0.0008063542,0.00951864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001034739,0.0004823977,0.8938382,0.00002807078,0.0003195847,3.54955e-7,0.0001380164,0.0009514738,0.09177115,0.00001067808,0.01113406,0.0002912961],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981384,0.0001333392,0.0001620622,0.001184159,0.00002025877,0.0000934409,0.0001227595,0.00002206576,0.0001235265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935003,0.00006367521,0.0007172695,0.0001056197,0.00002063196,0.000003165974,0.0001302411,0.000001140966,0.005457956],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6201521,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992125,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6995969911","doi":"","title":"PScout: Analyzing the Android Permission Specification","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers","field":"Medicine","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Strong","keywords":"Permission; Android (operating system); Redundancy (engineering); Static analysis; Android application","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02649939638941244,"gpt":0.3548540481603008,"spread":0.3283546517708883,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000154975,0.0001770624,0.0002216786,0.00008889793,0.0001332514,0.00004801772,0.000110609,0.0001826782,0.003351936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002828928,0.0001097592,0.0001505006,0.0001972829,0.00002951199,0.00003825953,0.000005770459,0.0002710263,0.0001534552],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001028348,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001225337,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000258977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003419939,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991418,0.00002934601,0.000204151,0.0002358383,0.0002337451,0.0001551534],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992008,0.00003081882,0.0001864938,0.0004194138,0.0001071655,0.00005527176],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003245466,0.000153202,0.0005545142,0.0005316915,0.0004684168,0.00001259727,0.01935733,0.000001106595,0.4840864,0.0001298267,0.1387098,0.3527496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002700221,0.0003686564,0.2126026,0.001618981,0.0007513486,0.00005999079,0.02996564,0.000209496,0.08361869,0.00008724332,0.6673003,0.000716757],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.8919236,0.02836926,0.00004434681,0.003776694,0.001036719,0.001092738,0.000002918051,0.0001034966,0.07365025],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4558034,0.008485242,0.0002094511,0.0005462847,0.0009239915,0.0001019068,0.001384432,0.00009331287,0.532452],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5285905,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975591,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3121353537","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2005.06.006","title":"Learning the master&apos;s trade: Apprenticeship and human capital in Ghana","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Connaught Fund","keywords":"Apprenticeship; Remuneration; Productivity; Human capital; Labour economics; Business; Institution; Economics; Finance; Economic growth; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04031125257811813,"gpt":0.2732889920855455,"spread":0.2329777395074274,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006555751,0.0001045048,0.0001882786,0.00007642826,0.0001122888,0.0001140823,0.0001323402,0.00005948454,0.00008254976],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002770089,0.00009635118,0.00003893793,0.0001498564,0.00004679652,0.00008824682,0.00005255846,0.000211276,0.00001936688],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004704806,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004436832,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004618459,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001697734,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991771,0.00003603274,0.0002888737,0.0002471587,0.00002887385,0.0002219515],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995814,0.00005738793,0.0001498144,0.0001775505,0.000004932433,0.00002889845],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005105337,0.00004122358,0.3855939,0.00002135468,0.000007784867,0.00000459066,0.002475076,0.00006182278,0.0000249535,0.6115093,0.0000328564,0.0002221123],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009736283,0.00008838627,0.8406324,0.00002167297,0.000007899904,0.000004935736,0.003753139,0.003400373,0.00001967938,0.143093,0.007567125,0.0004377483],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9688935,0.0006203319,0.000112565,0.001623517,0.0000788391,0.0001034527,0.000008560331,0.00001993243,0.02853925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959742,0.00001578395,0.00007846318,0.00006158864,0.00007402531,0.000007909528,0.00001101937,0.00001470503,0.003762282],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4684163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.698176,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W99756060","doi":"","title":"THE ROLE OF FORMAL CONTRACT LAW AND ENFORCEMENT IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"State Capitalism and Financial Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Enforcement; Law and development; Context (archaeology); Law and economics; Economics; Politics; Imperfect; Business; Political science; Public economics; Law; Development studies","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00557212599318347,"gpt":0.2049145896567117,"spread":0.1993424636635283,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001369289,0.00005921147,0.00007676152,0.00001793855,0.00007575682,0.00005153849,0.0000660664,0.00001712837,0.00002876865],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004275309,0.0000460198,0.00001238037,0.00003036291,0.00003634476,0.0002740916,0.00005412681,0.00002804138,0.00001970107],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002322194,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001235798,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01179032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005451201,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995764,0.000001143246,0.0001442473,0.00007280706,0.00005420656,0.0001511451],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997986,0.00001593886,0.0001085658,0.00006211288,0.00001209122,0.000002694006],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002459616,0.000009900566,0.009066826,0.00001129259,0.000002327904,9.053315e-7,0.0001746736,0.00003612194,0.0001069048,0.9847924,0.0001896338,0.005584406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005310617,0.000004168134,0.111223,0.00001715946,0.000004169872,3.690109e-7,0.0006237289,0.0008851961,0.001225733,0.006996851,0.8783733,0.0001152542],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8325161,0.0005611996,0.0000168409,0.00009816547,0.00006780076,0.00009717105,6.670484e-7,0.000007930257,0.1666341],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994047,0.00002326152,0.00003060412,0.0001463746,0.0001083686,0.000008052965,0.000003248257,0.00000480509,0.0002705341],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9777955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9947903,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1584920505","doi":"","title":"Schmitt v. Dicey: Are States of Emergency Inside or Outside the Legal Order","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Political Theology and Sovereignty","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Law; Statute; State of exception; Political science; State (computer science); Philosophy of law; Politics; Contradiction; Law and economics; Public law; Sociology; Philosophy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03569557848742904,"gpt":0.372193404638457,"spread":0.3364978261510279,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003899788,0.00007705501,0.0001366781,0.00002048076,0.0003183731,0.00001239997,0.0002179026,0.00008680052,0.002183445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005106317,0.00004757632,0.00005118947,0.0002366529,0.0004636323,0.00008759147,0.00004375099,0.000133013,0.0000720495],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002364065,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001353596,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01280041,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005170922,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989519,0.0002327062,0.0001563705,0.0001192295,0.0002072106,0.0003325442],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993338,0.0002602305,0.00008404804,0.000166069,0.00009665261,0.00005919103],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002223888,0.00003797524,0.00577318,0.000004899068,0.0000120985,0.000006468986,0.002124041,0.00002485542,0.00001158446,0.9880772,0.00382378,0.00008171653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003196954,0.00005707211,0.05600812,0.00002051946,0.00003880364,0.000001447167,0.03707488,0.00003919737,0.0007094849,0.7662131,0.1392858,0.0002319055],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4689748,0.0002356027,0.0001404364,0.005370582,0.0002949563,0.0001146465,0.000007369745,0.00004966241,0.5248119],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9592831,0.00007787859,0.00008807324,0.0002763363,0.0002398318,0.00000518049,0.000001616137,0.000005887889,0.04002216],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4903082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987287,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2512605119","doi":"","title":"Trouble in our Fields: Health and Human Rights among Mexican and Caribbean Migrant Farm Workers in Canada","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Employment and Welfare Studies","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Farm workers; Migrant workers; Geography; Socioeconomics; Human rights; Caribbean region; Economic growth; Political science; Environmental health; Environmental protection; Medicine; Agriculture; Sociology; Latin Americans; Archaeology; Economics; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02717499607559635,"gpt":0.3974525088208706,"spread":0.3702775127452742,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002631148,0.0002496952,0.0005444239,0.0001625069,0.0006556712,0.000008752509,0.00009170899,0.0002843492,0.00002012294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002004507,0.0002183642,0.00002195785,0.0001305822,0.00001953898,0.00003133235,0.00003797453,0.001327413,7.91167e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003282462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009328112,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9987042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9999869,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983507,0.0001753386,0.0004274974,0.0003441133,0.0001764985,0.0005258856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992697,0.00008988622,0.0002459522,0.0001746355,0.00003683534,0.0001830497],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005093452,0.00001379059,0.934877,0.0004340287,0.00002054093,0.00001372809,0.05593985,4.456884e-7,0.000003814509,0.0002117716,0.008162599,0.000271539],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008246384,0.00005089053,0.8046386,0.0008641938,0.00001167408,1.653843e-7,0.185877,0.000003237388,0.00000423674,0.0001946883,0.00729777,0.0002329121],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9879894,0.0008276746,1.518657e-7,0.004924374,0.0005709594,0.00082763,0.000009362544,0.00001931118,0.004831183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9828485,0.00008672087,0.00001223939,0.0002371006,0.00009005595,0.0001191651,0.0001889957,0.00002434546,0.01639294],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1302384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8904634,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1498945574","doi":"","title":"Climate change and variability: smallholder farming communities in Zimbabwe portray a varied understanding.","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Climate change; Agriculture; Geography; Livestock; Socioeconomics; Environmental resource management; Agroforestry; Environmental science; Ecology; Economics; Forestry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2288595896891676,"gpt":0.3133241887520646,"spread":0.08446459906289702,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008467587,0.0001928639,0.0002273806,0.00002258385,0.0002032707,0.00009167621,0.0001401081,0.0001432946,0.0005107864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004761244,0.00007568442,0.00003935764,0.0003226382,0.000111117,0.0003120898,0.0001662671,0.0002167588,0.00001071358],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001119416,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002259386,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001812639,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005241913,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986896,0.0001642167,0.0001719045,0.000164276,0.0001526875,0.0006573315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992844,0.0003391516,0.00008195371,0.00008145373,0.00002220209,0.0001907872],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001174737,0.0006871825,0.8320106,0.0001559999,0.00002918765,0.00001685304,0.08589005,6.864739e-7,0.04175769,0.01568259,0.0004992096,0.02315245],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004082901,0.0001412595,0.8520053,0.0001517099,0.00002797628,0.0000524569,0.1393447,0.00005178282,0.0002352569,0.0008219499,0.006258236,0.0005010859],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9903771,0.0003921679,0.000003495373,0.004361977,0.0001088043,0.0003337211,0.00003161329,0.00009524068,0.004295912],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984789,0.0004540053,0.0000660232,0.000605526,0.0002243286,0.00003288602,0.0000648597,0.000002037511,0.00007137127],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05345465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5592752,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2963086506","doi":"10.1145/3306618.3314250","title":"Incomplete Contracting and AI Alignment","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Law, Economics, and Judicial Systems","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Vector Institute","funders":"","keywords":"Parallels; Incomplete contracts; Core (optical fiber); Computer science; Work (physics); Principal (computer security); Focus (optics); Replicate; Management science; Economic analysis; Data science; Artificial intelligence; Economics; Microeconomics; Operations management; Engineering; Computer security","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02954110833850038,"gpt":0.2512018073678359,"spread":0.2216606990293355,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004135204,0.00009236475,0.0003665758,0.00006448406,0.00006793554,0.00008573278,0.00009739155,0.00006818486,0.0005658024],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002679223,0.000131932,0.00005113533,0.00004474925,0.00004057313,0.0001555005,0.0000535282,0.00008661813,0.001935476],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008134013,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008195802,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00170134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005625097,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999054,0.000009322409,0.0003635795,0.0003138676,0.00001838779,0.0002408476],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993868,0.00005106624,0.0002445223,0.0002275387,0.0000103127,0.00007979828],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001709989,0.00003199543,0.2770854,0.00004666736,0.00007072242,0.000002466806,0.002389877,0.00003858529,0.0002164358,0.717655,0.0018665,0.0005792439],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003191857,0.0002435055,0.06652255,0.00007681091,0.00001337101,0.00002605074,0.002683019,0.006815154,0.0004569434,0.1339644,0.7848873,0.001119063],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7573915,0.0009155332,0.0004150063,0.001660045,0.0008151594,0.000257301,0.00001665579,0.00003643764,0.2384923],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956993,0.00008790808,0.0001028978,0.0008562045,0.0002021963,0.000007961111,0.000003331243,0.00001956192,0.003020615],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7830208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988416,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3152658886","doi":"","title":"Future State 2030: The Global Megatrends Shaping Governments","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"State (computer science); Political science; Government (linguistics); Economic growth; Development economics; Business; Economics; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03196359555930593,"gpt":0.285146281453511,"spread":0.2531826858942051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007195297,0.0002415369,0.0002050931,0.00002482458,0.0002275393,0.0003689488,0.0002811844,0.00008256837,0.0711074],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004326862,0.0001540899,0.00009149649,0.00003049867,0.0001592171,0.00005136269,0.0001027227,0.0001838128,0.001665015],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001136534,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003233434,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005715251,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04139496,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999023,0.000049521,0.0001191421,0.0002206138,0.0003256814,0.000262019],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994388,0.000009313988,0.0001684748,0.0002924509,0.00002962765,0.00006138394],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001960272,0.00001673943,0.00006137464,0.00002189217,0.0001134326,0.000003291487,0.002816992,2.005294e-7,0.000001037905,0.05653483,0.9387197,0.001708534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001240747,0.00001747428,0.000137846,0.00004891925,0.00002971575,5.621903e-7,0.002113576,0.00001040761,0.000001774234,0.0005763108,0.9967427,0.0001965863],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005203179,0.001267168,0.000002690356,0.001474411,0.001812881,0.0001968823,0.0002192501,0.00009784096,0.9944085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.002268276,0.0002993635,0.000007208444,0.000439662,0.002888317,0.00001754171,0.00001713855,0.0001242533,0.9939383],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06944239,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991123,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3123985161","doi":"10.1177/0148558x11409159","title":"Conflict of interest reforms and analysts’ research biases","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"University of Hong Kong; Chulalongkorn University; City University of Hong Kong; Research Foundation of CFA Institute","keywords":"Earnings; Optimism; Profitability index; Stock (firearms); Investment decisions; Investment banking; Economics; Investment (military); Business; Monetary economics; Finance; Behavioral economics; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.5062773339973566,"gpt":0.3751673594626508,"spread":0.1311099745347058,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000609968,0.00007241944,0.000223048,0.0002343644,0.00005529199,0.00002150689,0.0001275926,0.00005349366,0.0005303461],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018656,0.00006549735,0.0000366841,0.0002124907,0.0002212347,0.0001291474,0.00007157293,0.0001027488,0.00007055228],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001945592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001198501,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003210527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001289682,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993228,0.00001372855,0.0002606499,0.0001922858,0.00002185849,0.0001886795],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995237,0.00004568321,0.0001213505,0.0002187685,0.00003967159,0.00005081388],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003781029,0.00005555295,0.03082777,0.00003636782,0.00002195632,0.000002930083,0.003393116,1.605863e-7,0.0001067446,0.9637333,0.001372074,0.000412188],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009167363,0.001123802,0.6817479,0.0001611555,0.00001032711,0.000007625888,0.007117207,0.000312371,0.006268863,0.2075638,0.09427448,0.0004958239],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6706342,0.001136206,0.000015172,0.0001178757,0.00005059299,0.00006350486,0.000008591833,0.000008929562,0.3279649],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960313,0.0007272792,0.0002668668,0.00003893208,0.00002459465,0.000006710823,0.000002258022,0.000008756936,0.002893288],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7561696,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5806918,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3190151003","doi":"","title":"Ontario Incidence Study Of Reported Child Abuse And Neglect - 2018 (OIS-2018)","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Child Abuse and Trauma","field":"Psychology","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto; Government of Ontario; Public Health Agency; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Neglect; Child abuse; Incidence (geometry); Psychology; Medicine; Psychiatry; Environmental health; Poison control; Suicide prevention; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02834389682002294,"gpt":0.3300597297442963,"spread":0.3017158329242734,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001756042,0.0001541692,0.0002485649,0.00008622071,0.00009328541,0.00001951768,0.0001630732,0.0001127965,0.002075512],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003380316,0.0001396134,0.00003978482,0.0001507383,0.00008791014,0.00006573754,0.00004317115,0.0004652749,0.0001216072],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001739269,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000351413,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06856918,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3103773,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989009,0.00004554444,0.000270655,0.0003861291,0.0001681373,0.000228595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987987,0.000059965,0.0001905578,0.0008116004,0.00004181434,0.00009741725],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002605175,0.001466278,0.6312022,0.00001086308,0.000348835,0.0002549784,0.3531028,0.000001211837,0.002139225,0.0003691986,0.00914204,0.001701882],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001642895,0.0004702897,0.9801717,0.00002107737,0.00007945312,0.000195085,0.003670422,0.000001508949,0.0003123484,0.00003762896,0.01322693,0.0001707075],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9624709,0.00009395935,0.000006330675,0.0001461049,0.0006803662,0.0003764237,0.000001005898,0.00005053956,0.0361743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991833,0.000005744759,0.00007198193,0.0001086443,0.000118317,0.0000130691,0.000002074126,0.00001828415,0.007828881],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3494323,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988368,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2138137770","doi":"10.5555/1248547.1248631","title":"Learning Parts-Based Representations of Data","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Generative model; Factor (programming language); Dimension (graph theory); Artificial intelligence; Range (aeronautics); Generative grammar; Machine learning; Factor analysis; Perception; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06547967712881761,"gpt":0.3815200215791152,"spread":0.3160403444502976,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001756688,0.00003979705,0.00005761712,0.00004067015,0.0000509862,0.00003539024,0.0005973736,0.00001864191,0.0000212881],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004839488,0.00003735235,0.00001681934,0.000274454,0.00003478496,0.0002319334,0.0001262988,0.00005481624,0.00001501276],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007202941,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004281567,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001837273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003961515,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994479,0.00003992171,0.0001079335,0.0001825419,0.0001430088,0.00007868199],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990741,0.00006583513,0.00008169452,0.0006979314,0.00006440689,0.00001600876],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002904439,0.0007950949,0.02259797,0.0001477184,0.00003554278,0.00002712583,0.002232109,0.001688234,0.2192646,0.4445901,0.06718656,0.2414059],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003126549,0.00009382887,0.01254815,0.00002791423,0.00001083853,0.000003633767,0.0001959083,0.3209214,0.5691192,0.003755353,0.09278088,0.0002302981],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.001240656,0.00005191626,0.9858243,0.001943558,0.00002017134,0.00005420134,0.000001155972,0.0002138743,0.01065015],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8883048,0.000004773594,0.1074533,0.00003764934,0.00002387096,0.000004342719,0.00002711308,0.000003677847,0.004140467],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8870642,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1523184,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3121825125","doi":"10.1016/j.ijgo.2007.04.018","title":"Respecting adolescents&apos; confidentiality and reproductive and sexual choices","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Abortion; Confidentiality; Reproductive health; Parental consent; Reproductive rights; Sexual intercourse; Pregnancy; Informed consent; Family planning; Medicine; Psychology; Family medicine; Population; Political science; Law; Environmental health; Alternative medicine; Research methodology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3875922539810183,"gpt":0.6003440831792829,"spread":0.2127518291982646,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00374129,0.0006508798,0.002011123,0.0002860575,0.001373551,0.00003243062,0.0002146369,0.0007531436,0.0000923816],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008494449,0.0005022679,0.00009367947,0.0004231827,0.000409406,0.0001404067,0.000576244,0.002870518,0.0001351171],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002775161,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005788397,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001801271,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002842546,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9937798,0.001713573,0.001171615,0.001950649,0.0004077146,0.0009766119],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966037,0.0005360684,0.001235735,0.0009620501,0.0002616018,0.0004008244],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001232952,0.0002120227,0.003836975,0.1550544,0.0001985303,0.00002877448,0.01823766,3.323775e-8,0.000005985416,0.0005887452,0.002155567,0.8195581],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003724884,0.00008819871,0.001851893,0.01640654,0.0002996962,0.00004993739,0.01288031,3.750851e-7,7.592054e-7,0.00005018645,0.9674991,0.0005005516],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001878252,0.9900862,0.00005400639,0.0002776672,0.001621083,0.003196446,0.00002230104,0.000198496,0.002665535],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001680358,0.9675915,0.0001298276,0.0002181005,0.004289584,0.00006466862,0.00003127419,0.0001057633,0.02740123],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9653435,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999265,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W183139520","doi":"","title":"Stochastic local search for POMDP controllers","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Partially observable Markov decision process; Heuristics; Computer science; Markov decision process; Mathematical optimization; Dynamic programming; Observable; Controller (irrigation); State (computer science); Markov process; Markov chain; Mathematics; Algorithm; Machine learning; Markov model","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02851222499342767,"gpt":0.3227567584077197,"spread":0.294244533414292,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002347677,0.000104721,0.0001330602,0.00006911819,0.0001198869,0.0001012068,0.0005549854,0.00004732991,0.00001193317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005680722,0.00009897384,0.00006198263,0.0001763692,0.00006620698,0.0001362923,0.0001198205,0.0001258261,0.0001482668],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001188055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001447927,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004704953,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002361132,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989797,0.00001851361,0.0001223555,0.0002345541,0.0002753301,0.0003695709],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992592,0.000143229,0.00004092248,0.0003710205,0.00008291184,0.0001027011],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001184838,0.000009280388,0.000005415369,0.000007093986,0.00001158629,0.000002647425,0.001132705,0.9380767,0.0001396696,0.05930942,0.0001575064,0.001136121],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002178352,0.0003018056,0.00007258166,0.00002186659,0.000006610235,0.000007979172,0.0003274727,0.9941766,0.0008928931,0.0007444065,0.001094403,0.0001750749],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.001159272,0.00003183345,0.9931116,0.0032193,0.0002346172,0.0003364542,2.58962e-7,0.0001575403,0.00174917],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9501579,0.000001199384,0.04703486,0.0002896271,0.00005775004,0.00001941997,0.000001465691,0.00001198912,0.002425836],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9489986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4036036,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3163329297","doi":"","title":"International Perspectives on Immigrant Service Provision","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Service (business); Political science; Public relations; Business; Public administration; Sociology; Law; Marketing","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01184373612060669,"gpt":0.3486582697059821,"spread":0.3368145335853754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000197258,0.00004405631,0.00003783581,0.00003712436,0.0001614198,0.00006147752,0.0001586359,0.00004970087,0.001524217],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001294235,0.00003874204,0.00002098839,0.0001326199,0.00004496333,0.00007441848,0.00001343385,0.0001375082,0.0001664402],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003055773,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005360217,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002997549,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04649831,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994743,0.00003034559,0.00004697709,0.000118165,0.0002350288,0.00009511059],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999649,0.00003258358,0.00003061599,0.00009310028,0.0001412751,0.00005336328],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002233355,0.0000877849,0.000357942,0.000001661449,0.000006822149,0.000001354039,0.5824347,0.00001561262,0.006650724,0.4045706,0.002166814,0.003683575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001665017,0.00001909875,0.001664063,0.00000583728,0.000002481568,3.835689e-7,0.2172873,0.001723557,0.0001412136,0.0002646067,0.7786302,0.0000947364],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7782759,0.000005645541,0.00009208877,0.03612539,0.0005031216,0.00009288657,0.000001997894,0.00007077545,0.1848322],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.983714,0.00005010491,0.0004927164,0.0004900204,0.0002850423,0.000003988709,0.000003569121,0.000004648421,0.01495587],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7764633,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993885,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3121356150","doi":"10.1016/j.ijgo.2011.02.002","title":"Conscientious commitment to women&apos;s health","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Reproductive Health and Contraception","field":"Medicine","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Conscientious objector; Abortion; Imprisonment; Health care; Childlessness; Sterilization (economics); Medicine; Political science; Law; Business; Fertility; Pregnancy; Population","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1076706779177833,"gpt":0.420790777483213,"spread":0.3131200995654297,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043387,0.00007675113,0.0001807068,0.0000729574,0.00008916734,0.000005240096,0.00004122464,0.00002517765,0.0006771624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005639282,0.00006589411,0.00002658857,0.0001611499,0.00003444724,0.00002350083,0.00001835609,0.00009181559,0.0005315987],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002480957,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001777214,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004640195,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003768894,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999043,0.00004110116,0.0001448743,0.0002508207,0.0001613629,0.0003587724],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990591,0.000007533448,0.00005134442,0.00033839,0.00007577353,0.0004678215],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003311909,0.002766741,0.04764945,0.0007546578,0.0001577067,0.00008722767,0.4279656,0.000003110671,0.01648569,0.009431219,0.2231743,0.2682123],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003241639,0.005754435,0.3669285,0.0001385611,0.0000244181,0.0001147057,0.0192531,0.00002144646,0.003756911,0.000597959,0.5998614,0.0003070112],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9556165,0.0003141961,0.0008018978,0.0214573,0.0003610346,0.0009171428,0.000001302056,0.00009234843,0.02043822],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9720629,0.00003404756,0.002055439,0.009864191,0.0001828855,0.00009468822,0.000003369726,0.00001138745,0.01569109],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4087126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7414453,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2252548386","doi":"","title":"Networking in Everyday Life","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Social Media and Politics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Government of Ontario; Microsoft Research","keywords":"Everyday life; Psychology; Epistemology; Philosophy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03812551529116915,"gpt":0.4112646925444533,"spread":0.3731391772532842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001943185,0.000107685,0.0001961872,0.00007612697,0.0001648883,0.00004461926,0.0001623409,0.00038359,0.0001130813],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000413026,0.0001260708,0.00005756754,0.0002879085,0.00003574644,0.00003692874,0.000003652457,0.0002859318,0.00007054077],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001314142,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006226526,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01432554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0501558,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989022,0.0001440086,0.0001334163,0.0001406686,0.0003049138,0.0003747617],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994665,0.0001748158,0.00009247413,0.00008365193,0.00004156359,0.0001409428],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003213589,0.00005338617,0.008028846,0.00004300764,0.00001969518,0.00002575542,0.9076205,0.000006100588,0.00001699086,0.01369282,0.03952601,0.0309347],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001464601,0.00001588748,0.01244152,0.0001930048,0.00002429463,5.194478e-8,0.2542462,0.000002886312,0.00002646049,0.004328066,0.7282844,0.0002907591],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4818011,0.001655489,6.735939e-7,0.001369953,0.006499862,0.0002194892,6.230081e-7,0.00007625589,0.5083765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8976626,0.001164828,0.00003862941,0.0007038171,0.008350217,0.00001659852,0.00008534072,0.00002504904,0.09195295],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6887584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9922382,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2902982444","doi":"","title":"Questioning Particles: A Cross-Linguistic Approach to Quebec French Polar Interrogatives","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Concordia University","keywords":"Interrogative word; Linguistics; Polar; Interrogative; Geography; Physics; Philosophy; Astronomy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04394631466692196,"gpt":0.3411209075267296,"spread":0.2971745928598076,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003308636,0.0003880452,0.0004455015,0.0002008922,0.0008990612,0.001593716,0.0004544671,0.0001802928,0.0005789512],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00446965,0.0003952703,0.0001294945,0.00003155987,0.0001598992,0.0001270414,0.0000400467,0.0003580046,0.0003832933],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001758312,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002241021,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1367078,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2023726,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981691,0.00007952291,0.000434549,0.0005574603,0.0003692831,0.0003900786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979025,0.0001187068,0.000548861,0.0005963156,0.0006953764,0.0001382812],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003405567,0.0001027824,0.0002762387,0.0002694442,0.0001024416,0.000006450178,0.7183253,0.00002582656,0.0000488669,0.2795793,0.000362908,0.0008663661],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002421524,0.0005825502,0.04665982,0.006902804,0.00159409,0.00001332144,0.6106641,0.006691494,0.002503235,0.1829409,0.1337386,0.005287672],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4151703,0.0003670518,0.001376116,0.001645265,0.01036191,0.001048262,0.00008412765,0.0004735928,0.5694733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8044801,0.000003120886,0.001146156,0.00004666711,0.00281499,0.00007501242,0.000643321,0.00007187037,0.1907188],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3893097,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998499,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3210219183","doi":"","title":"Fighting Corruption in the Health Sector: Methods, Tools and Good Practices","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Corruption and Economic Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto; United Nations Development Programme","keywords":"Language change; Business; Public relations; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2104066669847224,"gpt":0.474539690311688,"spread":0.2641330233269656,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002862958,0.00009970469,0.0001783835,0.00009037126,0.0001498578,0.0001104866,0.0001587229,0.0001213187,0.005407158],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002835407,0.00007982382,0.0000209045,0.00009746123,0.00005322195,0.00007406609,0.00003160282,0.0001747652,0.000139166],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000114712,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002464059,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02175738,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04732361,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986953,0.0006439037,0.0001402676,0.0002028821,0.000106284,0.0002113844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990131,0.0002499279,0.0005458024,0.0001280299,0.000007539187,0.000055581],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001156966,0.0000533777,0.001893055,0.00007766199,0.00002643467,0.00000248375,0.2760628,1.354322e-7,0.000002965993,0.01658901,0.1893072,0.5159733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008011038,0.00001241467,0.001844014,0.00006093683,0.000003708124,0.000001183514,0.02592763,0.000002190023,2.301352e-7,0.00005944947,0.9719106,0.00009756108],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001914294,0.001111956,0.0002389226,0.00402185,0.0005116771,0.0003758965,0.00000294698,0.00006297366,0.9934824],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0009211596,0.003986634,0.01336023,0.001309997,0.0004357379,0.00003945784,0.00001212795,0.00006801579,0.9798666],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7826034,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9955021,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1553475612","doi":"","title":"The Kyoto Protocol: A Testing Ground for Compliance Theories?","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Environmental law and policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Kyoto Protocol; Sketch; Compliance (psychology); Enforcement; Context (archaeology); Convention; Protocol (science); Political science; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; Situated; Management science; Law and economics; Climate change; Economics; Computer science; Law; Psychology; Medicine; Social psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1143400357694375,"gpt":0.4454843765558023,"spread":0.3311443407863648,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000585514,0.00005579659,0.00005135056,0.000004234668,0.001268021,0.00008228714,0.000144602,0.00002880325,0.00005816901],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005193808,0.00003966221,0.00002594851,0.00009864516,0.0002961065,0.00005301462,0.00001255337,0.00004836736,0.00004228134],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005118772,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005346819,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009065315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006314256,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999347,0.000108856,0.0000663305,0.0000969519,0.0001177442,0.0002631416],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992298,0.0005334169,0.00004805658,0.0001193669,0.00001582138,0.00005350316],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008178609,0.00001287561,0.0009874433,0.000007309949,0.00000251649,2.038586e-7,0.003826894,0.000001403585,0.00009580578,0.9925859,0.000753657,0.00171783],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001519167,0.00003281237,0.0005821488,0.000009755066,0.000001943504,4.450013e-7,0.003102531,0.000004683048,0.0001607525,0.04321346,0.9526755,0.00006406206],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.005303994,0.00003197087,0.0004909436,0.00283532,0.0001203917,0.0346023,0.000002280371,0.00007126434,0.9565415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6562647,0.00001076409,0.01008146,0.001535499,0.000832946,0.132176,0.000001263524,0.00004796855,0.1990494],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9519218,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9752722,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1506787939","doi":"","title":"Striking Up the Band: Music Education through a Foucaultian Lens.","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Diverse Music Education Insights","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Teleology; Categorical imperative; Utilitarianism; Deontological ethics; Epistemology; Philosophy; Duty; Action (physics); Consequentialism; Normative ethics; Sociology; Morality; Theology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1455408249122436,"gpt":0.323937485290488,"spread":0.1783966603782444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001264608,0.0001083865,0.00008214356,0.00003742218,0.0004798146,0.0001868343,0.0001458483,0.00002595885,0.01101648],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002965906,0.00007410849,0.00004848556,0.00004515294,0.0001366233,0.0005493255,0.00002531655,0.0001109649,0.0004803397],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005354879,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001137929,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00108812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004884705,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993259,0.00004806332,0.0001095706,0.0001147917,0.0001622199,0.0002394651],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999435,0.00006695468,0.00008503131,0.0002778261,0.00009176754,0.00004341378],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001820759,0.0000588435,0.00008256713,0.000005726221,0.00001053919,4.842091e-8,0.4230817,2.650856e-7,0.00001473738,0.3758563,0.1998199,0.001067522],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007844414,0.000007270013,0.0003380316,0.00001628664,0.00002328493,0.000001700318,0.1602453,0.000001332136,0.0001205342,0.0008288107,0.8382447,0.00009437303],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2379594,0.0005405475,0.00002125609,0.004647326,0.009527341,0.0002128863,0.000002357802,0.00008268686,0.7470062],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8962048,0.00001126356,0.00006430996,0.002672025,0.003399989,0.00003249085,0.00001044307,0.00001543849,0.09758922],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6582454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9898876,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1589651901","doi":"","title":"Constituting the Rule of Law: Fundamental Values in Administrative Law","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Law; Political science; Jurisprudence; Supreme court; Constitutionalism; Rule of law; Judicial review; Administrative law; Separation of powers; Constitutional law; Democracy; Precedent; Constitution; Politics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1168773350146406,"gpt":0.3941967718101504,"spread":0.2773194367955098,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000215893,0.00004809627,0.00009221899,0.000008924584,0.0005995506,0.00001893275,0.00009940645,0.00002470597,0.0002541834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006176646,0.00003565384,0.00003033509,0.0001043423,0.002465681,0.00006305608,0.00003089376,0.00006476937,0.00003476845],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004118639,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004625257,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03989191,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01863824,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994238,0.00006865142,0.00009650696,0.00007948255,0.0001880284,0.0001435059],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997069,0.0001500411,0.00004414083,0.00004482752,0.00003012079,0.00002392785],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003915745,0.00003165037,0.00132665,0.000001033888,0.000008332649,0.000002654916,0.04189814,0.000002549159,0.00003760681,0.9563985,0.0001401598,0.0001487851],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008625537,0.0001378833,0.004239137,0.0001779228,0.00004477716,0.000004535626,0.3642078,0.00004045685,0.003164871,0.1931324,0.4335666,0.0004210328],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1443567,0.0006299467,0.000003034356,0.004590976,0.00009969504,0.00009430596,0.000003052628,0.00001394919,0.8502084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987185,0.00005496596,0.00004375729,0.0003607727,0.00008753873,0.000005705365,2.721532e-7,0.000001205991,0.0007272747],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8543618,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992691,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7074091142","doi":"","title":"Has mortality from acute respiratory distress syndrome decreased over time?: A systematic review.","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"High-pressure geophysics and materials","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto","keywords":"Observational study; ARDS; Odds ratio; Confidence interval; Randomized controlled trial; Mortality rate; Meta-analysis; Risk of mortality; Acute respiratory distress","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02000817288579176,"gpt":0.2780511234058955,"spread":0.2580429505201037,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003332926,0.0001936911,0.0006240931,0.00002381212,0.0001147186,0.0001274009,0.0002901024,0.00006282886,0.00385676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006030031,0.0001452741,0.00009825676,0.0001267822,0.00004380299,0.000145011,0.00001121882,0.00007161054,0.0013721],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000041019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004066709,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002922679,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001459697,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985599,0.0002132703,0.0003239595,0.0002980288,0.0003390882,0.0002657808],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989432,0.00008795236,0.0001869399,0.0005701681,0.00002932245,0.0001824053],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001114968,0.001953049,0.09479813,0.3430934,0.009097227,0.01386239,0.008827874,0.0009289963,0.1148141,0.001667049,0.40687,0.002972858],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001090657,0.0005017322,0.9534453,0.03218958,0.00290846,0.00004082008,0.00005217134,0.0008497864,0.001342641,0.002209351,0.003958419,0.001411043],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902422,0.006269405,0.00001883057,0.0002688763,0.0001865361,0.0006368673,0.0006529915,0.00009027145,0.001634034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997355,0.0001418974,0.0000802631,0.001208487,0.00008542465,0.000004603187,0.000355507,0.000005102953,0.0007637276],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8586472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994054,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2599134185","doi":"","title":"The Epistemology of Measurement: A Model-based Account","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Complex Systems and Decision Making","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute of Standards and Technology; Universiteit van Tilburg; University of Toronto","keywords":"Epistemology; Philosophy; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2154707920613183,"gpt":0.4439489431756763,"spread":0.228478151114358,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004992767,0.0002682351,0.0006716043,0.0003146871,0.000308311,0.0003495434,0.00155133,0.0002479863,0.0004620674],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003942766,0.0001502817,0.000324888,0.0005175413,0.00007851249,0.00007357663,0.00006912397,0.0002444818,0.0004797689],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008953558,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005625506,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003420979,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001299159,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9937419,0.0003110914,0.001238439,0.0005600647,0.003836229,0.0003122792],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9924735,0.001832131,0.001429346,0.001514588,0.002664332,0.00008610252],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001100651,0.000250302,0.0003839218,0.0003037791,0.0002452124,0.00001792798,0.01301072,0.02313109,0.01327985,0.1283755,0.6712752,0.1486258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001430398,0.0002398123,0.005516386,0.0008642015,0.0001212733,0.00001121517,0.02500191,0.480025,0.002252159,0.2508577,0.2325255,0.001154409],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3670417,0.03277813,0.1251468,0.002219689,0.01222671,0.004066025,0.00004095254,0.0002149144,0.4562651],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9068356,0.000006077616,0.0005159448,0.00005990928,0.00008027913,0.00006490661,0.000005170828,0.00002872193,0.09240335],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.539794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6166619,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116893958","doi":"10.5555/1515984.1515996","title":"Dynamic load balancing in distributed content-based publish/subscribe","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Load balancing (electrical power); Scalability; Distributed computing; Publication; Load management; Context (archaeology); Network Load Balancing Services; Overhead (engineering); Computer network; Server; Operating system; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01776372115982685,"gpt":0.2621603242008821,"spread":0.2443966030410552,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003675453,0.0001987718,0.0002400349,0.000219967,0.00006362364,0.0002914624,0.001390185,0.0001216846,0.000007413005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002395838,0.0001986084,0.0000532108,0.001504402,0.00005472423,0.0003612497,0.0003637391,0.0002540521,0.00007610865],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005075836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001401802,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001475741,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002471571,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981458,0.0000437309,0.0002539568,0.0005095433,0.0004166642,0.0006302824],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987352,0.00009687871,0.00008606088,0.0008670491,0.0001381834,0.00007664289],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001888621,0.001593216,0.1837336,0.0001832109,0.00009321097,0.001911006,0.002623617,0.09512193,0.1059535,0.1288827,0.3717628,0.1079524],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003251734,0.0002505074,0.2421767,0.0002719162,0.000013599,0.00003354746,0.0007979327,0.6921445,0.01798529,0.005333375,0.03619393,0.001546929],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3458081,0.0002269744,0.6280642,0.0226241,0.0003279105,0.0002580159,0.000008539196,0.001352312,0.001329943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9541004,0.000001278115,0.0446464,0.0004080313,0.00001871234,0.00003482512,0.00002376466,0.00001263651,0.00075389],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6082924,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8099017,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2162564263","doi":"","title":"Multiple Citizenship, Identity and Entitlement in Canada","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Canadian Policy and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Citizenship; Entitlement (fair division); Political science; State (computer science); Social rights; Residence; Incentive; Law; Law and economics; Public administration; Sociology; Human rights; Economics; Demographic economics; Politics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02234171215852193,"gpt":0.322151726382759,"spread":0.299810014224237,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001585848,0.00003089892,0.00004460391,0.00001745925,0.000089589,0.00002748862,0.00007640832,0.00002066317,0.000468682],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002136059,0.00003541202,0.00000673659,0.00009395059,0.00005079428,0.00005042545,0.00001623681,0.00008978895,0.000007893054],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001635319,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000710915,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9997972,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9999973,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995443,0.00001929732,0.00004645716,0.00007687721,0.0001422705,0.0001707619],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997548,0.00004829187,0.00002113953,0.00006529115,0.000009718468,0.0001007787],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000784672,0.00001294403,0.5559539,0.00001605184,0.000009389682,0.00005521287,0.02832103,0.000002569898,0.001135265,0.2084377,0.2021064,0.003941747],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002297145,0.000002417496,0.3655824,0.000006151642,0.000001813388,5.831795e-7,0.002889297,0.00001956798,0.0001671437,0.001714963,0.6292843,0.0001016658],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9694007,0.00002667095,0.000002370522,0.00759773,0.0001996075,0.0000600798,0.00001502941,0.000004232134,0.02269355],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994621,0.00003010386,0.0000379752,0.0006926361,0.00008037913,0.000002665866,3.726742e-7,0.000002240937,0.004532575],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4271779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5131739,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2951578331","doi":"10.12989/scs.2019.31.5.529","title":"Thermoelastic static and vibrational behaviors of nanocomposite thick cylinders reinforced with graphene","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Composite Structure Analysis and Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Thermoelastic damping; Graphene; Volume fraction; Composite material; Nanocomposite; Boundary value problem; Rotational symmetry; Thermal; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Nanotechnology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003503435838414644,"gpt":0.210893839592934,"spread":0.2073904037545193,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002628754,0.00008677136,0.0001260162,0.00007225622,0.00002018681,0.000016096,0.00003964967,0.00003002898,0.0001157168],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001123302,0.00007008779,0.00002327187,0.0001504063,0.00002180418,0.00006848772,0.00000834342,0.00005485622,0.000002568589],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001043192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008348636,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000223778,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009869113,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996045,0.00000796107,0.0001059222,0.00008369163,0.0001185219,0.00007942939],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997662,0.00002824387,0.00003527242,0.0001081742,0.00003319186,0.00002897462],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001892127,0.000002346518,0.002003594,0.00003854875,0.00005587563,5.000963e-7,0.001122837,0.8743,0.121855,0.0004672919,0.00001019941,0.0001248457],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007658448,0.0001670298,0.02361226,0.00006514939,0.0001572183,0.00000869444,0.0004601728,0.9325266,0.04191445,0.00004228165,0.00002508499,0.0002551938],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9224946,0.0000519664,0.07600635,0.00002569425,0.00002863506,0.0001098858,0.000001406069,0.00003842148,0.001243045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940133,0.00001568179,0.005812056,0.00001330772,0.000006677093,0.000002134744,0.00001875024,0.00001342261,0.000104665],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07994059,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2858097,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2264570487","doi":"","title":"The Challenges and Risks of Creating Independent Regulatory Agencies: A Cautionary Tale from Brazil","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Regulation and Compliance Studies","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Independence (probability theory); Presidential system; Politics; Government (linguistics); Autonomy; Developing country; Face (sociological concept); Business; Political science; Public administration; Public economics; Economics; Economic growth; Law; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0754365184194059,"gpt":0.3291461305698073,"spread":0.2537096121504014,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000355061,0.00008499173,0.0001068128,0.00004345266,0.0003046728,0.00004050684,0.0000924052,0.00003264762,0.00003759987],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005995808,0.00006334821,0.00003106207,0.00008196831,0.0001243087,0.0001626743,0.0001309036,0.00005665076,0.00001486396],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001597772,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007896152,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005136238,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005171605,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993656,0.000006086261,0.0001495707,0.000140633,0.0001991861,0.0001388932],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994766,0.0001204524,0.0001571017,0.0001602214,0.00007827731,0.000007335068],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003463724,0.0001707939,0.1171066,0.0004445126,0.0004573589,0.00002853416,0.02499437,0.0002125923,0.006475665,0.5051159,0.009822071,0.3348252],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002123881,0.000004662148,0.946168,0.00004368032,0.00001958214,6.518729e-7,0.02691588,0.0004266487,0.0001161779,0.005949356,0.02004615,0.00009682211],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8914175,0.01110266,0.0001444723,0.001312023,0.000130507,0.00010284,4.981545e-7,0.00004540137,0.09574409],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980291,0.0003899931,0.00009017921,0.0001369847,0.000317764,0.000004311134,0.000001707093,0.000007849783,0.001022168],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8290614,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2583265,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1994438562","doi":"10.5555/2561828.2561933","title":"Redundancy-aware electromigration checking for mesh power grids","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Copper Interconnects and Reliability","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Electromigration; Redundancy (engineering); Reliability (semiconductor); Grid; Computer science; Interconnection; Reliability engineering; Power grid; Margin (machine learning); Power (physics); Electronic engineering; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Mathematics; Telecommunications; Physics; Geometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01488651409076685,"gpt":0.304143746510279,"spread":0.2892572324195121,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000251067,0.000104137,0.000134148,0.0000248899,0.0001193127,0.0001267049,0.0001465686,0.00006387344,0.002788755],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001097294,0.00007981791,0.00006527499,0.00006116713,0.0000410521,0.0001779901,0.00003666809,0.00006111871,0.0002831219],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006342859,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004199367,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003847244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006737921,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991664,0.00002909832,0.0001489697,0.0002654582,0.0001138018,0.0002762905],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994193,0.0000643727,0.00005657216,0.0002593468,0.0001420707,0.00005829898],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001620029,0.00003203604,0.0001020963,0.00002252266,0.000003469451,2.325346e-7,0.001548784,0.000004256091,0.9754074,0.0008025515,0.02159777,0.0004627152],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004175183,0.0003872743,0.002056755,0.00004564004,0.00001417569,0.000006278725,0.001275717,0.001204766,0.9751829,0.00304954,0.01607435,0.0002851172],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9903784,0.00007154359,0.003372442,0.00277731,0.0005521676,0.0004753814,0.000003571679,0.0001095234,0.002259637],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952168,0.000004543159,0.001183726,0.0001864588,0.0001142411,0.0001006141,0.000005391861,0.00001400594,0.003174216],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00552342,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9981228,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1771647330","doi":"","title":"To Most Likely Know the Law: Objectivity, Authority and Interpretation in Islamic Law","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Islamic Studies and History","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Law; Jurisprudence; Objectivity (philosophy); Political science; Sovereignty; Islam; Legal profession; Legal formalism; Legal history; Comparative law; Private law; Black letter law; Philosophy; Epistemology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01484428823580858,"gpt":0.3293888024208106,"spread":0.314544514185002,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004463036,0.00005715331,0.000090847,0.00002339265,0.0004692349,0.00004049375,0.00009712271,0.00004111727,0.00001500337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007047758,0.00004747994,0.00001712189,0.0001645461,0.0001875577,0.00007430922,0.00003392474,0.0001047954,0.00001992593],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000138588,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000316823,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05123883,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3273446,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993938,0.0001152968,0.00006455203,0.0001331131,0.0001251409,0.0001681583],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997627,0.00008868051,0.00001799506,0.00008669393,0.0000272355,0.00001674457],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001044591,0.00001747592,0.00008573522,0.000001629277,0.000002225411,0.000001145817,0.2390681,0.000003478911,0.0001039517,0.7482705,0.002444574,0.009990761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005880395,0.0003581657,0.06094151,0.0001207544,0.00003192364,0.000001913768,0.09307307,0.0004572689,0.0001349256,0.115481,0.7282734,0.0005380884],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2713089,0.0005290863,0.0001047183,0.03204198,0.0003039814,0.0002573214,0.000001039596,0.00004529332,0.6954077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942003,0.00006682151,0.00005752085,0.001883643,0.000090441,0.000005185001,2.235911e-7,0.000002884739,0.003693009],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7258288,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.955079,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2134177166","doi":"","title":"CHARACTERISTICS OF GRANULAR SLUDGE IN AN EGSB REACTOR FOR TREATING LOW STRENGTH WASTEWATER","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hatch (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Mesophile; Hydraulic retention time; Effluent; Chemistry; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Sewage sludge; Retention time; Sludge bulking; Sewage treatment; Sewage sludge treatment; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Biology; Bacteria","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01793890952106356,"gpt":0.2600423608363452,"spread":0.2421034513152817,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001326211,0.0001079644,0.0001830095,0.00002907737,0.00004447347,0.00000532441,0.0001125995,0.00006691559,0.0005437058],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002096214,0.00008557886,0.00003853554,0.0001096946,0.00007723851,0.00009164207,0.00003675854,0.00008624065,0.00003350782],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004246445,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000588662,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003038438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002979958,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999223,0.00003741766,0.0002033304,0.0001940104,0.0001213282,0.0002209398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995851,0.00004195691,0.00009585438,0.0001970891,0.00000569154,0.00007428962],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001622504,0.0005123977,0.1997373,0.00007358177,0.00001457091,0.00003457547,0.02219358,0.0003802885,0.7730942,0.00005518537,0.0002650778,0.003476971],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003817006,0.001302867,0.4288171,0.0001460308,0.00006905476,0.00003177622,0.001819238,0.01649177,0.5406401,0.0003705983,0.005461307,0.001033208],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980696,0.00001724298,0.00002836682,0.00005514299,0.00005558065,0.0001866594,0.000009616113,0.000013779,0.001563999],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970321,0.00004074763,0.001418468,0.00002342122,0.00002797284,0.00001118642,0.00002856215,0.00001596026,0.001401551],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2324542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5953197,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2582915264","doi":"","title":"Investigation of Discontinuous Deformation Analysis for Application in Jointed Rock Masses","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Geotechnical and Geomechanical Engineering","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Deformation (meteorology); Discontinuous Deformation Analysis; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Mining engineering; Engineering; Structural engineering; Finite element method","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008954752318751279,"gpt":0.2451063475498475,"spread":0.2361515952310962,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001299416,0.0001733526,0.0003617695,0.0004020856,0.00001499435,0.00001284783,0.000106372,0.0003549901,0.00001289217],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000715742,0.0001772355,0.0001384227,0.0007075107,0.000004108153,0.00008032512,0.000006816369,0.0002861287,0.000005179378],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004046441,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001247548,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001247071,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001762718,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991618,0.000006088219,0.0003969321,0.0001551254,0.0001233323,0.0001567623],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995318,0.00005050004,0.0001212604,0.0001735306,0.00007763803,0.00004526502],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003558822,0.00001752973,0.0002382063,0.001662516,0.0002385998,2.468806e-7,0.001150168,0.7043151,0.283027,0.0004991169,0.00006303244,0.008752856],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003010317,0.00003508965,0.004742352,0.000135026,0.0003576396,3.569183e-7,0.0005910636,0.8687639,0.1225142,0.00115513,0.001010281,0.0003938945],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.42025,0.00009135682,0.5785004,0.00003476392,0.0001532972,0.0004744229,0.00001197901,0.0001786581,0.0003050307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953409,0.00002225286,0.002126049,0.000003359589,0.00003253866,0.0002310513,0.001888294,0.00003158826,0.0003239547],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5763744,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7227454,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110633007","doi":"","title":"Tourism, protected areas and development in South Africa: views of visitors to Mkambati Nature Reserve","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Ecotourism; Tourism; Nature reserve; Signage; Geography; Protected area; Business; Diversity (politics); Environmental planning; Marketing; Environmental resource management; Environmental protection; Political science; Advertising","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05858246405936915,"gpt":0.3741355657824628,"spread":0.3155531017230937,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008852334,0.0001008973,0.0001861602,0.0002425597,0.0001334092,0.00005670398,0.0003274897,0.0001556994,0.0002203792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007767364,0.00009344507,0.00002163472,0.0008310212,0.0001009238,0.000107078,0.0001854793,0.0002959902,0.00005600613],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001190871,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002538545,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002887908,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004103663,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983208,0.0001950103,0.0001623109,0.0002540257,0.0006654115,0.0004024003],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999333,0.00007456524,0.00006586176,0.0001766623,0.0001455236,0.0002043509],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000385145,0.0003415048,0.06209398,0.00009268129,0.00006882282,0.0006523702,0.8952703,0.0000389541,0.001920428,0.002332776,0.02701074,0.009792315],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001340938,0.0002287245,0.1058548,0.0003243305,0.00001052666,0.000001523895,0.1833158,0.00002511097,0.00566748,0.0006762914,0.7019232,0.0006312508],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9373235,0.0002894282,0.00002024242,0.003273549,0.00006421632,0.00074912,0.000001152287,0.00003532986,0.05824345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9847093,0.00002746566,0.002829589,0.00003251611,0.0001013412,0.0000205893,8.358349e-7,0.0000102635,0.0122681],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7119545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4365672,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2583255996","doi":"","title":"Prophetic Scribalism: A Semantic, Textual and Hypertextual Study of the Serek Texts","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Historical and Linguistic Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Computer science; Information retrieval; Hypertext; Linguistics; Natural language processing; World Wide Web; Philosophy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02788230477580543,"gpt":0.3372513419760934,"spread":0.309369037200288,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001918916,0.0001750625,0.0003512927,0.00004243801,0.0006340829,0.00003597652,0.000263785,0.0001382499,0.000185688],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009233634,0.0001138736,0.00005648429,0.000236224,0.00022905,0.00002004457,0.00005176835,0.0002042554,0.00002992204],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005303761,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001598731,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02420936,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01746279,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998542,0.0001858546,0.0002177388,0.0002658849,0.0005574317,0.0002311299],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991446,0.0001471176,0.0001890166,0.0001933228,0.0002524126,0.00007356505],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003492021,0.0004816026,0.001180382,0.0001570613,0.0001208742,0.000006774857,0.9717816,4.736613e-7,0.0001196941,0.006694051,0.01326351,0.006159111],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004894927,0.0002881734,0.02431339,0.0001768617,0.0003221678,9.222961e-7,0.9128337,0.000006329862,0.00002956786,0.0004973541,0.06067997,0.0003620744],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8726894,0.001125174,3.990075e-7,0.0002835505,0.0009580356,0.0008561191,0.000002330058,0.00002967268,0.1240553],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8422549,0.00006590735,0.00001343806,0.0000187664,0.0002448407,0.0000411717,0.000002778964,0.0000132709,0.157345],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05894785,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9822885,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2097986234","doi":"","title":"Back to the Future: The paradoxical Revival of Aspirations for an Islamic State","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"American Constitutional Law and Politics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Islam; Legitimacy; Politics; Opposition (politics); Political science; Democracy; Political economy; State (computer science); Grassroots; Islamic studies; Corporate governance; Law; Sociology; History","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04915643812373081,"gpt":0.3865045828738572,"spread":0.3373481447501264,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002749289,0.00003948639,0.0000614793,0.000007180344,0.0003878099,0.00002286759,0.0001887359,0.00001827865,0.00007333428],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005971604,0.00002267207,0.00003885054,0.0001222538,0.0002791556,0.00003964816,0.000006657566,0.00004549964,0.00002973217],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001736732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000323879,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005297456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001946226,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994817,0.00009309667,0.00007770331,0.0000675955,0.0001337647,0.0001461725],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999604,0.0001240883,0.00003478175,0.0001344556,0.00006050972,0.00004209263],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005620177,0.00001259812,0.0000109022,6.586864e-7,0.000002435907,4.50517e-8,0.004140615,0.00006060737,0.0000578801,0.9834187,0.01063888,0.001651059],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004174302,0.0001083885,0.0004393937,0.000002838954,0.00000827457,3.388091e-7,0.003426213,0.0000180242,0.00004355106,0.006046398,0.9898217,0.00004318299],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08035078,0.0003697433,0.02634823,0.4213164,0.0005941488,0.001285246,0.00008530371,0.0000388417,0.4696113],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9864681,0.00002645043,0.001094664,0.004133665,0.0006848355,0.000006981457,0.000002617986,0.000002073855,0.007580554],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9791828,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2982759,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001495051","doi":"10.5555/982792.982810","title":"Exponential bounds for DPLL below the satisfiability threshold","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"DPLL algorithm; Backtracking; Satisfiability; Exponential function; Mathematics; Discrete mathematics; Combinatorics; Algorithm; Computer science; Mathematical analysis; Phase-locked loop","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02160365387816844,"gpt":0.297042496951902,"spread":0.2754388430737336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002354042,0.00007992158,0.00007235495,0.00002750901,0.0002454758,0.0001533839,0.0002923483,0.00003851385,0.0000571656],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004447234,0.00006051148,0.0000625712,0.000162479,0.00007076961,0.0002047909,0.00006677986,0.00007151953,0.00002113384],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005790947,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000095749,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007389638,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000158028,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993336,0.00001831946,0.0001124476,0.0002183972,0.0001501006,0.0001671588],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993902,0.00006095823,0.00004749469,0.0003984059,0.00005704733,0.00004588839],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003920921,0.0001451357,0.00320225,0.00003083751,0.00004561239,0.000003464775,0.0136123,0.02709957,0.003061612,0.856956,0.004164082,0.09163991],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01054126,0.0008065781,0.1908993,0.0001019982,0.0001006299,0.0001470862,0.002599363,0.3480591,0.02896992,0.3084115,0.1072632,0.002100037],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03711413,0.00002857789,0.9462072,0.01351229,0.0004610504,0.0003027288,0.000001403507,0.0001405577,0.002232037],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9512291,0.000005774508,0.04778492,0.0004672496,0.00007358858,0.00003394053,0.00000255378,0.000005287598,0.0003976124],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.914115,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2467587,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110675324","doi":"10.22059/ijer.2010.48","title":"The Communication of Disaster Information and Knowledge to Children Using Game Technique: The Disaster Awareness Game (DAG)","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Disaster Management and Resilience","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brandon University","funders":"","keywords":"Vulnerability (computing); Reliability (semiconductor); Emergency management; Fraternity; Theme (computing); Psychology; Knowledge management; Computer security; Computer science; Engineering; Applied psychology; Political science; World Wide Web","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02181092770235861,"gpt":0.3732936909585324,"spread":0.3514827632561738,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006186113,0.00007291546,0.00007728582,0.00004272146,0.0004235869,0.0001880574,0.0004564435,0.00003565203,0.00000989265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006017114,0.00004244436,0.00002461707,0.0002901544,0.0003093684,0.0003924058,0.0001478834,0.00006692194,0.0000106149],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002559783,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003525506,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005980354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007947377,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992494,0.0001639388,0.0001531074,0.00007529675,0.0001913604,0.0001669165],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993917,0.00008197013,0.0001013773,0.0003233149,0.00006114137,0.00004053861],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005763856,0.00008795802,0.008419403,0.00002268923,0.00002505442,9.982622e-8,0.7795018,0.0001688043,0.0004556334,0.03245671,0.003302526,0.1755017],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009218114,0.0002749744,0.3109821,0.0005378057,0.0001427578,0.000004672683,0.3676019,0.002261098,0.0007767252,0.007579475,0.3080638,0.0008528986],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9537448,0.0002862132,0.00412966,0.006729606,0.00006491002,0.0008740624,0.000001234858,0.00003930253,0.03413018],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977127,0.000088927,0.0001447692,0.0001774668,0.00003129377,0.00001213399,0.000001810098,0.000002925243,0.001827978],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4118999,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3257931,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2588656217","doi":"","title":"A Defence of Constitutionalized Interpretation","year":2016,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Interpretation (philosophy); Epistemology; Philosophy; Linguistics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03783819623677333,"gpt":0.3577843659545118,"spread":0.3199461697177385,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002379614,0.00008187757,0.0001566314,0.00002816062,0.0002049907,0.000006584026,0.0001130666,0.00006677226,0.001053079],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000411628,0.00006070392,0.00008090598,0.0002343178,0.003864077,0.0001558792,0.00004175795,0.00003625363,0.0003542781],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001118319,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003617123,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005636243,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008199611,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991128,0.0001139104,0.000173369,0.0001395971,0.0002746316,0.0001856217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992673,0.0002974718,0.000116401,0.00006684667,0.0001926347,0.00005937527],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003645204,0.00004028162,0.001485353,0.000008827507,0.00004136442,0.000002005699,0.00506439,0.000003086517,0.0009542563,0.9691132,0.00214837,0.02110237],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009637923,0.0001170812,0.004644517,0.001451199,0.0001345665,0.000007702365,0.006195159,0.0000272897,0.001672716,0.2136663,0.7707596,0.0003601563],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08422185,0.02553483,0.03816894,0.08611939,0.003201616,0.0002813448,0.00004872527,0.00005748594,0.7623658],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9773632,0.001503278,0.0003436074,0.0001500162,0.000185655,0.000007604353,4.937937e-7,0.000002242209,0.02044389],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8931414,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998601,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2211787063","doi":"","title":"Experience Report: Peer Instruction in Remedial Computer Science","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Innovative Teaching Methods","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Remedial education; Mathematics education; Computer science; Pedagogy; Psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05368608807685042,"gpt":0.468905252642951,"spread":0.4152191645661006,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006507835,0.00007133049,0.00009609161,0.0001874319,0.0004815787,0.00009484467,0.0003515749,0.0000771618,0.0001189315],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00330647,0.00007108623,0.00001730445,0.001247883,0.001507014,0.0004137017,0.00008093453,0.0004460122,0.00001606324],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001229249,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003718972,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0033943,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003703791,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982206,0.0001659585,0.0001768173,0.0003099424,0.0007934888,0.000333156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991595,0.00008259439,0.0001031409,0.0002637698,0.0003127318,0.00007825352],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001393328,0.00006415742,0.157245,0.000002937864,0.000001908252,0.00009510023,0.4947183,0.00000879171,0.155253,0.1265959,0.0008043234,0.06519663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001127477,0.00008962177,0.5795716,0.00004669938,0.000005253808,0.0001681854,0.0498982,0.001181049,0.05693519,0.009981729,0.3000364,0.0009585952],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9452775,7.381793e-7,0.004414083,0.002050919,0.003924386,0.0001131537,7.757584e-8,0.00008017322,0.04413895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.90329,4.967233e-7,0.09428475,0.00008661159,0.0007603377,0.000007047856,4.943078e-7,0.000005261307,0.001565006],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4448201,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5552657,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3152714324","doi":"","title":"Inner Suburbs at Stake: Investing in Social Infrastructure in Scarborough","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Housing, Finance, and Neoliberalism","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"IJURR Foundation","keywords":"Business; Environmental planning; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06351878363105404,"gpt":0.2550468932273765,"spread":0.1915281095963225,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003121936,0.0001718109,0.0003763593,0.0002831503,0.00008356925,0.00002305085,0.0001896503,0.0001920918,0.0004577197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002788416,0.0002102506,0.00005380861,0.0005213376,0.00008203677,0.0001856092,0.00009539915,0.0002773709,0.0001471762],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002566612,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002814585,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004721376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002302881,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998695,0.00002244786,0.0004458557,0.0003698963,0.00003559884,0.0004312495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994899,0.00001759921,0.0002270478,0.000200408,0.00001361337,0.00005141943],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005658279,0.00007547825,0.7715265,0.00004026188,0.00001232657,0.0000628154,0.0775322,0.00004704657,0.0001294278,0.1457793,0.003705518,0.001032553],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00126877,0.0000358807,0.9015794,0.00003342475,0.0000023134,0.000005683222,0.0004945013,0.0003513461,0.000376912,0.01853965,0.07682766,0.0004844834],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.827086,0.0004018834,0.00003238212,0.0001914183,0.00020701,0.0001030719,0.00001035325,0.00003059933,0.1719373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955127,0.00006447788,0.0009430989,0.0004092875,0.0001455021,0.00001264865,0.000005900132,0.00003403318,0.00287239],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1690649,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8573771,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3136281629","doi":"","title":"Diversity and Concentration in Canadian Immigration: Trends in Toronto, Montréal and Vancouver, 1971–2006","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Diversity (politics); Geography; Sociology; Archaeology; Anthropology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01413725548622767,"gpt":0.281387711275502,"spread":0.2672504557892743,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001338005,0.00004518551,0.0000633276,0.00003874667,0.000618135,0.00001109185,0.00003182318,0.00005629094,0.0001604102],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001556451,0.0000499551,0.000006675557,0.0001477661,0.00007483609,0.0002053925,0.00002267395,0.00004263559,4.863445e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003923814,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001144312,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9923218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9999819,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995276,0.00005220762,0.0000637125,0.0001014652,0.00009652899,0.0001584504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997858,0.00001366917,0.00001988929,0.00003745269,0.00001883525,0.0001243546],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008848905,0.00001322884,0.6055907,0.000001249409,0.000001563357,0.00001501619,0.380005,0.00002472418,0.000006450498,0.007272162,0.004262313,0.002798716],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006842043,0.00002571154,0.8461379,0.000006740526,0.000003470055,0.000001132639,0.07262015,0.004461016,0.000003196,0.00005677549,0.07583705,0.0001626584],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9767098,0.0005513177,0.000009966186,0.001010348,0.00008371915,0.0000599681,0.000003244022,0.000009672729,0.02156196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938467,0.0008883851,0.00003496383,0.0001235727,0.00002573982,0.000001404087,0.000004387008,0.000001626849,0.005073243],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3073849,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4754257,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6940772207","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires","title":"The association between traumatic brain injury and ADHD in a Canadian adult sample","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Association (psychology); Traumatic brain injury; Sample (material); Poison control; Occupational safety and health; Injury prevention","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02569291003502308,"gpt":0.2817509198907951,"spread":0.256058009855772,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002439041,0.0000948979,0.0001284555,0.00002307531,0.00007804692,0.00005937858,0.0001019204,0.0001762824,0.002242331],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000769472,0.00003347669,0.00002066034,0.0001472996,0.000003391548,0.00001724924,0.00001195852,0.0001580219,0.0002195059],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001064341,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003178311,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9047527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9735652,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993709,0.00008234753,0.00008872897,0.0001197821,0.0001060706,0.0002321809],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979146,0.001809596,0.00008247785,0.00003323425,0.00002239945,0.0001376601],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002154042,0.000002504513,0.02636812,0.000003206363,0.00001190596,5.666966e-7,0.0002685298,2.341312e-8,0.000021159,0.0001080348,0.9681957,0.005018028],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001488883,0.00003037015,0.005488281,0.00006927671,0.00000828522,7.036989e-7,0.0005561579,0.00000606988,9.504969e-7,0.0002668274,0.9934667,0.0000914573],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.06621889,0.001290027,4.469866e-7,0.02472045,0.0005397657,0.000682301,0.01174055,0.000107399,0.8947002],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02619186,0.0009080922,0.00002931863,0.0005309072,0.001189731,0.00002788573,0.003278222,0.00001056572,0.9678334],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07313324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986697,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2123262859","doi":"","title":"The relationship between alexithymia and dissociation in an adolescent sample","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments","field":"Medicine","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Alexithymia; Dissociative Experiences Scale; Psychology; Toronto Alexithymia Scale; Dissociative; Dissociation (chemistry); Anxiety; Population; Clinical psychology; Dissociative disorders; Beck Anxiety Inventory; Beck Depression Inventory; Developmental psychology; Personality; Psychiatry; Demography; Social psychology; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06119034763793822,"gpt":0.3681338879676733,"spread":0.306943540329735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013305,0.00005295875,0.00007603884,0.00002087206,0.00008468635,0.00001548087,0.00001948657,0.00003188973,0.000009071306],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000270953,0.00003562072,0.000013036,0.00008237716,0.00002131736,0.00003254955,0.000003478921,0.0000619042,0.000006636916],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003643092,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001582104,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000592096,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001017365,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995929,0.00005276465,0.00008348236,0.00008641984,0.00008024171,0.0001041728],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995391,0.0002403397,0.0000325522,0.0001276573,0.000008018499,0.0000523279],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001127435,0.00006300231,0.993122,0.000009113983,0.000007638666,5.364166e-7,0.001173187,1.410369e-7,0.000003792528,0.004792327,0.0000472948,0.0007696395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007880318,0.0000453011,0.9845867,0.0001409311,0.0000118493,8.376806e-7,0.001227419,0.00001319756,0.00001656547,0.01170804,0.001424955,0.00003619759],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944167,0.0003023778,0.0001605323,0.001237415,0.00002653645,0.0001937501,0.000001466826,0.00001337918,0.003647805],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990507,0.00002441343,0.000332962,0.00005269005,0.00001539038,0.000009291624,0.00001309989,0.000006664697,0.0004947433],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008535374,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1452571,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}