{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":12,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":12,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"0b4c5ec722d5","filters":{"venue":"Technical reports"}},"results":[{"id":"W2142123876","doi":"10.34989/tr-79","title":"Measurement of the Output Gap: A Discussion of Recent Research at the Bank of Canada","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Technical reports","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":124,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Output gap; Econometrics; Economics; Econometric model; Macroeconomics; Computer science; Monetary policy","authors":[{"name":"Pierre St‐Amant","is_ca":true},{"name":"Simon van Norden","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2288636882400369,"gpt":0.2994738097182695,"spread":0.07061012147823253,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003138134,0.00007845971,0.0003448584,0.00004464839,0.00008808866,0.000004975697,0.0002112284,0.00006701246,0.0006925806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001762589,0.00004414175,0.0001301089,0.0002514494,0.0001573669,0.00002841579,0.0002870704,0.0001860516,0.000002780455],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003762843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034846,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06541029,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0855277,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981709,0.00005411691,0.001079492,0.000246133,0.0002023768,0.0002470064],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981182,0.00007250934,0.0006557409,0.001000124,0.00009394586,0.00005950107],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003147111,0.001415073,0.4612026,0.000764218,0.0006674593,0.0002038185,0.001047148,0.004643687,0.0254966,0.0420526,0.437601,0.02459111],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003648462,0.0001223759,0.4570832,0.0002076572,0.00002274145,0.000147082,0.0001238163,0.0002739143,0.08062392,0.03288177,0.42788,0.0002687088],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9296675,0.002357217,0.00004245001,0.01326137,0.0004266549,0.000397528,0.0000820057,0.000007256059,0.05375801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997994,0.0001713926,0.00003354076,0.00007064311,0.00002179877,0.000009237173,0.000002216421,0.000007259442,0.001689927],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06832648,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9408132,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1550452056","doi":"10.34989/tr-75","title":"The Bank of Canada's New Quarterly Projection Model, Part 3. The Dynamic Model: QPM","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Technical reports","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Projection (relational algebra); Econometrics; Economics; Computer science; Financial system; Algorithm","authors":[{"name":"Donald Coletti","is_ca":true},{"name":"Benjamin Hunt","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Rose","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert Tetlow","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04065913399754401,"gpt":0.2297971636475676,"spread":0.1891380296500236,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000702466,0.0001283582,0.0002912945,0.00003195769,0.0001914899,0.00004604771,0.0001794725,0.00009470643,0.00006976983],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002159241,0.00009731758,0.000128607,0.0001308173,0.00006260702,0.0001007529,0.00004113768,0.0002108695,0.000006083341],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002040486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005237308,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06755202,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1657976,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983202,0.0000121629,0.0009451724,0.0003345606,0.00005721951,0.0003306366],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984587,0.00007250797,0.0005158816,0.0008387438,0.0000187522,0.0000954396],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001105837,0.000273516,0.004704981,0.00007884531,0.0003810319,0.0002030083,0.0008544911,0.4731795,0.0004327561,0.1756164,0.3060658,0.03809911],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001098424,0.00004831581,0.001915293,0.00001129462,0.00001236284,0.0001888599,0.00003440325,0.7852987,0.00008481519,0.1723732,0.03972373,0.0001991388],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8241345,0.004469418,0.05229384,0.02447861,0.001651489,0.001108452,0.0002079039,0.0002022895,0.09145354],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99226,0.0001248244,0.0004003205,0.0003030577,0.0000569443,0.00002098165,0.00001055878,0.00001490009,0.006808404],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3121192,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9386572,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2226416577","doi":"10.34989/tr-100","title":"ToTEM II: An Updated Version of the Bank of Canada’s Quarterly Projection Model","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Technical reports","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Totem; Projection (relational algebra); Economics; Computer science; Geography; Archaeology; Algorithm","authors":[{"name":"José Dorich","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael K. Johnston","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rhys R. Mendes","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stephen Murchison","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yang Zhang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03601278665655748,"gpt":0.2199491823607266,"spread":0.1839363957041691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003336242,0.00008009483,0.0002736317,0.00004561936,0.00007330922,0.000006048658,0.0001046737,0.00009226137,0.0001963873],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007199859,0.00007550962,0.00009084929,0.0001262429,0.00003574736,0.0001233698,0.00004424275,0.0001074668,0.000001096538],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001281415,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002621204,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.09269175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04273525,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988116,0.00001036561,0.000729045,0.0002463823,0.00004213944,0.000160472],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988077,0.000008990532,0.0005235845,0.0005808771,0.00002320929,0.0000556501],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005716714,0.003743736,0.2441585,0.0004932379,0.0008051312,0.0004467178,0.004101726,0.1406584,0.05828243,0.2230144,0.3079447,0.01577936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001512901,0.001291291,0.3276005,0.0001353118,0.00009692009,0.001026957,0.0003690474,0.3743087,0.06599657,0.1679305,0.05829048,0.001440888],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9879351,0.00005793568,0.0002987939,0.0005055925,0.0001952133,0.0001157659,0.00008778575,0.00001679668,0.01078697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987841,0.000004046954,0.0003220744,0.00009185942,0.00001939532,0.000002857038,0.00002318979,0.000007297827,0.0007452025],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2496543,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9747323,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1559784930","doi":"10.34989/tr-95","title":"Essays on Financial Stability","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Technical reports","topic":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Financial stability; Stability (learning theory); Economics; Finance; Business; Financial system; Computer science; Machine learning","authors":[{"name":"John F. Chant","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alexandra Lai","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mark Illing","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fred Daniel","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03654962286200664,"gpt":0.249180676070364,"spread":0.2126310532083574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005539654,0.0001343861,0.0003855751,0.00004855812,0.00009288708,0.00004285588,0.0001016958,0.0001727045,0.0009291969],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002779951,0.0001489084,0.0001911023,0.0003009665,0.00006444763,0.00006569121,0.0000994897,0.0002137793,0.0002784739],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001038068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007062122,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001245794,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006213441,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998374,0.00001117864,0.0007409946,0.0005053394,0.00006608469,0.000302385],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988437,0.00005673839,0.0002395503,0.0007040231,0.00005673791,0.00009921149],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008522418,0.0002204195,0.0189581,0.00001198288,0.000004384644,0.0003226026,0.00002677463,0.000005238764,0.0002530353,0.9562533,0.02268768,0.001247997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008641428,0.00006626453,0.1000208,0.00001259484,0.000002927117,0.00008946694,0.000005524175,0.00000366075,0.002392457,0.3133664,0.5837362,0.0002172207],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6013662,0.000862251,0.0004314906,0.001306902,0.0007385839,0.0001305394,0.00007930526,0.000151341,0.3949334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978892,0.00006459038,0.0003845439,0.0010214,0.0001434977,0.00003091668,0.00001257153,0.00001038516,0.0004428887],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6428869,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999841,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3121666479","doi":"10.34989/tr-84","title":"Yield Curve Modelling at the Bank of Canada","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Technical reports","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Yield curve; Coupon; Econometrics; Parametric model; Parametric statistics; Interest rate; Model selection; Function (biology); Government debt; Set (abstract data type); Economics; Computer science; Debt; Estimation; Mathematical optimization; Mathematics; Finance; Statistics","authors":[{"name":"David Jamieson Bolder","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Stréliski","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08614485737728451,"gpt":0.2205507516340795,"spread":0.134405894256795,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005197256,0.00009132051,0.0002990444,0.00002624875,0.00008324331,0.00001218436,0.0001043689,0.00007546361,0.001509726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003398962,0.0000839172,0.0001069828,0.00009639658,0.00004496909,0.00005379057,0.0001031466,0.0001380483,0.00001913493],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001591232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001120058,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1860086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.112375,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986688,0.000006227489,0.0007621687,0.0002806748,0.00003643478,0.0002457272],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998782,0.0001235726,0.0003788144,0.000628235,0.00001213611,0.00007525353],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006887024,0.000313618,0.1935944,0.000163903,0.0004114278,0.00187595,0.0003460979,0.330174,0.0009728353,0.1277136,0.3422275,0.002137796],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000354184,0.00008685749,0.03995746,0.00008480372,0.00003712,0.00187302,0.00005758832,0.04864359,0.0136028,0.1564615,0.7377996,0.00104142],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8898798,0.002481567,0.002856451,0.002523206,0.0004030695,0.0001233197,0.00007674019,0.00002732598,0.1016286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951427,0.00008709337,0.0002642041,0.0004732295,0.00005204344,0.000006315023,0.000009809574,0.000009328129,0.003955286],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3955721,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999403,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2269292283","doi":"10.34989/tr-92","title":"The Performance and Robustness of Simple Monetary Policy Rules in Models of the Canadian Economy","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Technical reports","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Simple (philosophy); Output gap; Taylor rule; Monetary policy; Exchange rate; Robustness (evolution); Inflation (cosmology); Economics; Smoothing; Econometrics; Interest rate; Function (biology); Macroeconomic model; Mathematical economics; Computer science; Macroeconomics; Central bank","authors":[{"name":"Denise Côté","is_ca":true},{"name":"John Kuszczak","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐Paul Lam","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ying Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pierre St‐Amant","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04119992220842461,"gpt":0.223290449900379,"spread":0.1820905276919544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006092444,0.00009383563,0.0003121659,0.0001145269,0.0001115714,0.000022019,0.0001613389,0.00009874752,0.00003111346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001681428,0.00007577592,0.00008017971,0.0001628714,0.0001722107,0.0001535853,0.00009463576,0.0001490977,0.000001739196],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001181421,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001962153,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.09167159,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07581376,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986631,0.00001225882,0.0008172162,0.0002213045,0.00002081753,0.0002653495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988945,0.00006364643,0.0003751616,0.0005670971,0.00001365874,0.0000859046],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001972654,0.00009288674,0.6302473,0.0001386615,0.00008391702,0.00003665222,0.0002324346,0.1841633,0.00003015093,0.1777485,0.001588506,0.005617944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002499214,0.00003441645,0.6601037,0.00003990531,0.00000792336,0.0002400231,0.00003040866,0.1211794,0.0004781455,0.2004739,0.01689817,0.0002641598],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9756433,0.0009301702,0.00003014522,0.001353483,0.00005993393,0.0001343145,0.00003807813,0.000005554087,0.02180506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992281,0.0003106364,0.0001290994,0.0001135564,0.0000329854,0.000009902644,0.000005432038,0.00000794699,0.000162373],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06298395,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9410502,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3174615909","doi":"10.34989/tr-119","title":"ToTEM III: The Bank of Canada’s Main DSGE Model for Projection and Policy Analysis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Technical reports","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Totem; Humanities; Political science; Physics; Economy; Economics; Geography; Art; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Paul Corrigan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hélène Desgagnés","is_ca":true},{"name":"José Dorich","is_ca":true},{"name":"Vadym Lepetyuk","is_ca":true},{"name":"Wataru Miyamoto","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yang Zhang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05527731653171323,"gpt":0.2516439652277817,"spread":0.1963666486960684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006237414,0.00009086603,0.0003758633,0.0001318007,0.00009039502,0.00002045948,0.00006458824,0.00007851166,0.00004532204],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003974837,0.00008346389,0.0001454769,0.0002755641,0.00004073337,0.00006485245,0.00004808042,0.00008079159,3.944439e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001588526,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002925232,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1810322,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1933421,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987573,0.000006590058,0.0006878502,0.0002975031,0.00002765663,0.000223069],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990514,0.0000651206,0.000376522,0.0004244754,0.00001521266,0.00006726368],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002205685,0.0004687009,0.1057784,0.0003300118,0.003220352,0.0002078274,0.001408415,0.1534081,0.000994036,0.6387864,0.08471476,0.01046242],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004531744,0.00006906845,0.08867741,0.00001260554,0.0002001289,0.0003241939,0.00006992343,0.727077,0.0007208632,0.1552689,0.02666645,0.0004603094],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9361766,0.0007302297,0.03839401,0.008062705,0.0001293956,0.0005215234,0.0003346047,0.00003798127,0.01561295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963064,0.00005354257,0.000891792,0.0003558012,0.0000559664,0.00002692405,0.00001821902,0.000007732544,0.002283672],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5736689,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8244213,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2936076545","doi":"10.34989/tr-115","title":"Bond Funds and Fixed-Income Market Liquidity: A Stress-Testing Approach","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Technical reports","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Fixed income; Market liquidity; Bond market; Bond; Monetary economics; Stress testing (software); Global assets under management; Economics; Business; Financial system; Finance; Institutional investor; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Guillaume Bédard-Pagé","is_ca":false},{"name":"Guillaume Leblanc","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ryan Shotlander","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03388485045101362,"gpt":0.2355869126760687,"spread":0.2017020622250551,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001429095,0.0001712204,0.0004620535,0.00008678957,0.0001095118,0.0001097925,0.0001012868,0.0001938717,0.0003605352],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001940609,0.0001970303,0.0001006713,0.0003465177,0.00008274724,0.0001179914,0.0003146928,0.00029014,0.00000312203],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000666167,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004621585,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008089724,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002375987,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979745,0.00001893923,0.0008704786,0.0007503823,0.00006866331,0.0003170252],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984728,0.0001810455,0.000389377,0.0007336758,0.00006254224,0.0001605492],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000117428,0.0001770414,0.9854636,0.0001352266,0.00002511503,0.0003960689,0.00001186431,0.000002984572,0.00005641266,0.01054291,0.001173192,0.00200388],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003061402,0.00009026902,0.8038082,0.00008173499,0.00002091471,0.001155766,0.00002177291,0.0542623,0.00006683991,0.1104626,0.02905972,0.0006637676],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6304331,0.001497941,0.004703332,0.0001820949,0.0001937926,0.0002059309,0.0000802773,0.0001795719,0.3625239],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9863113,0.00007053145,0.01198969,0.00008598136,0.00006541204,0.00002887923,0.00002855448,0.00002022616,0.001399435],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3611245,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8034664,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2914393718","doi":"10.34989/tr-113","title":"The Framework for Risk Identification and Assessment","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Technical reports","topic":"Insurance and Financial Risk Management","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Financial stability; Identification (biology); Suite; Resilience (materials science); Business; Risk assessment; Financial risk; Component (thermodynamics); Psychological resilience; Risk analysis (engineering); Financial system; Finance; Computer science; Geography; Computer security","authors":[{"name":"Cameron MacDonald","is_ca":true},{"name":"Virginie Traclet","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02577196031734183,"gpt":0.2878304577695239,"spread":0.262058497452182,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001190209,0.00006502329,0.0001513618,0.00002405098,0.0002863414,0.0001123346,0.0000663586,0.00007815719,0.00001288104],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001229197,0.00005933464,0.00007274237,0.0001244473,0.00004647691,0.00006088051,0.00006395368,0.0001511318,0.0000107494],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004418713,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001884991,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002001608,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002010832,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989377,0.000006779011,0.000546647,0.0003155811,0.00003635232,0.0001569896],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989094,0.0001495036,0.0004136199,0.0004541687,0.00004421409,0.00002907763],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002629803,0.00002830762,0.02358472,0.000007937723,0.00001123613,0.00001459032,0.000009206534,0.000002608915,0.00001422335,0.9406708,0.001035647,0.0346181],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003344669,0.00001077583,0.2033674,0.000004836312,0.000004562654,0.000007242259,0.000009175553,0.00006688308,0.00004992145,0.5411036,0.2552875,0.00005470798],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08247308,0.00672028,0.8803429,0.004106787,0.001345023,0.0007986581,0.00005041953,0.0001215517,0.02404132],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.980278,0.002852336,0.01578289,0.0001136008,0.00007960845,0.0001687371,0.000008579036,0.000009100602,0.0007071103],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.897805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2419596,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3123135674","doi":"","title":"Analyzing and Forecasting the Canadian Economy through the LENS Model","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Technical reports","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Projection (relational algebra); Through-the-lens metering; Totem; Lens (geology); Economics; Economic model; Key (lock); Economy; Set (abstract data type); Macroeconomic model; Complement (music); Econometrics; Empirical research; Empirical modelling; Macroeconomics; Computer science; Geography; Engineering; Mathematics; Algorithm; Statistics; Simulation","authors":[{"name":"Olivier Gervais","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marc‐André Gosselin","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1242704258442306,"gpt":0.2406687358375645,"spread":0.1163983099933339,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001459553,0.000130995,0.0002731096,0.00006280914,0.0004954242,0.000133886,0.0001770933,0.0001032271,0.000062117],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000417098,0.00009413539,0.00009676029,0.00007737488,0.0001484239,0.0002411623,0.00006797179,0.0002495339,0.00003352789],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001131023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003395567,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0717766,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04938259,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985834,0.00001228391,0.0006625391,0.000337876,0.00001568905,0.000388256],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987931,0.0001391191,0.0003602714,0.0005969194,0.00000711679,0.0001035184],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006133974,0.00001873196,0.062427,0.00002020671,0.00008590498,0.00001635187,0.0004790431,0.03094208,0.000006366144,0.8925202,0.007708908,0.005769053],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009577448,0.00002356876,0.01330987,0.000008149723,0.00001153078,0.000209915,0.00001245959,0.2653613,0.000006779106,0.5259885,0.1947157,0.0002565144],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3768743,0.0008800576,0.0124216,0.01563939,0.0001984091,0.0004451024,0.00002493995,0.00008691405,0.5934293],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965246,0.00003137248,0.0007717182,0.002206865,0.0001241627,0.0000206309,0.000003902949,0.00001424173,0.0003024603],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6196504,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9679637,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3012348751","doi":"10.34989/tr-116","title":"IMPACT: The Bank of Canada’s International Model for Projecting Activity","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Technical reports","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Consistency (knowledge bases); Balance of trade; Economics; China; Stock (firearms); Capital flows; Stock market; Economy; International trade; Geography; Computer science; Market economy","authors":[{"name":"Patrick Blagrave","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claudia Godbout","is_ca":true},{"name":"Justin-Damien Guénette","is_ca":true},{"name":"René Lalonde","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nikita Perevalov","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1242884461294776,"gpt":0.2810368794312966,"spread":0.1567484333018189,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004389268,0.00008584127,0.0002454636,0.00002858837,0.0000562643,0.00001537085,0.0001585951,0.00005216354,0.00009142512],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009828563,0.00007217488,0.0001357342,0.00005166807,0.00002923936,0.0001024094,0.00005876152,0.0001168099,0.000001610494],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001417286,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001627459,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05565489,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009635027,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990436,0.000003013818,0.0004989822,0.0002308731,0.00003191334,0.0001916391],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999108,0.00008970742,0.0004844136,0.0002274311,0.00001235361,0.00007811259],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007647369,0.0005110301,0.3169322,0.0002356091,0.0009018217,0.00007477587,0.002288913,0.2607604,0.002044091,0.0686432,0.3323361,0.0145071],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002320401,0.0001091498,0.04011633,0.000007025236,0.000008353041,0.00004819338,0.00001118796,0.925779,0.0002727665,0.01581649,0.0173825,0.000216943],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9425567,0.00006489008,0.02449748,0.01434407,0.0002307774,0.0005327896,0.0002958566,0.00004504145,0.01743236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985163,0.000004232293,0.0007602606,0.0004253593,0.00009728259,0.00002208584,0.000005779776,0.000009361293,0.0001592953],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6650186,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9506336,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3123097938","doi":"10.34989/tr-99","title":"Introducing the Bank of Canada's Projection Model for the Global Economy","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Technical reports","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Projection (relational algebra); Complement (music); Economy; Set (abstract data type); Economics; Business; Computer science; Algorithm","authors":[{"name":"Jeannine Bailliu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Patrick Blagrave","is_ca":true},{"name":"James Rossiter","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05142421724296939,"gpt":0.2420845697091067,"spread":0.1906603524661374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008144308,0.00009232288,0.0002498336,0.00001725013,0.0001446757,0.00002977221,0.0001364344,0.00006221836,0.00007578186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005656168,0.00006954072,0.0001243183,0.0001014872,0.00004945759,0.00007491068,0.00006030222,0.0001030213,0.000001953651],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002670166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002761762,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05742375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07065448,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987357,0.000006108912,0.000697344,0.0003024988,0.00002146019,0.0002368894],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987895,0.0001146796,0.0004163184,0.0006135991,0.00002342127,0.00004249897],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008483668,0.0001826226,0.04440279,0.0001375571,0.0004266828,0.00004379591,0.0002559478,0.3200692,0.00006198957,0.4775758,0.1460398,0.01071889],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002147058,0.00003525323,0.01309264,0.00001083357,0.00002948412,0.0003524472,0.00004505962,0.5808424,0.0003711622,0.2387319,0.1660208,0.000253324],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4213602,0.006631084,0.3090156,0.06444015,0.002858898,0.003059015,0.0007275289,0.0001776836,0.1917298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997447,0.0000281071,0.000889912,0.0006624027,0.0001466094,0.00005855781,0.000008240102,0.000007373777,0.0007517612],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5760868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.948853,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}