{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":12,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":12,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"eeb1acec6046","filters":{"venue":"Terrestrial Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences"}},"results":[{"id":"W1645451816","doi":"10.3319/tao.2006.17.3.503(t)","title":"From Tornadoes to Earthquakes: Forecast Verification for Binary Events Applied to the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan,Earthquake","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Terrestrial Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences","topic":"earthquake and tectonic studies","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey; National Science Council; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Southern California Earthquake Center; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; University of California, Davis; U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Tornado; Seismology; Earthquake prediction; Geology; Meteorology; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Chien Chih Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"John B. Rundle","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hsien-Chi Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. R. Holliday","is_ca":false},{"name":"K. Z. Nanjo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Donald L. Turcotte","is_ca":false},{"name":"K. F. Tiampo","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01971033506682427,"gpt":0.227603828319226,"spread":0.2078934932524017,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006063264,0.0002724426,0.000308727,0.00001862111,0.001085919,0.0002035539,0.0005252775,0.00007247661,0.0002679474],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009857948,0.0001718569,0.00009282734,0.0006889341,0.0002255605,0.000179412,0.00004912056,0.00009843282,0.0001537892],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007736119,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000104831,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006902367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005847337,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978204,0.00006088483,0.000394735,0.0006964765,0.0004522776,0.000575177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990885,0.000304781,0.0001306896,0.0002747811,0.00002474517,0.0001764635],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001342294,0.000153906,0.2212477,0.00002564188,0.0001377251,0.000008336528,0.00374882,0.01575955,0.0002331937,0.001750004,0.03299997,0.7225928],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000812189,0.0007763191,0.929539,0.00003190775,0.00004121449,0.000003429332,0.001707763,0.006083671,0.00006614892,0.00254967,0.05799966,0.000389074],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917121,0.001066707,0.000852577,0.001633371,0.001142532,0.0010463,0.000127618,0.00008088303,0.002337926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911016,0.0000439669,0.006651944,0.0005687522,0.001294584,0.00002495232,0.00005449683,0.000007356165,0.000252366],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7222037,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997107,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220827176","doi":"10.1007/s44195-022-00009-z","title":"Extreme index trends of daily gridded rainfall dataset (1960–2017) in Taiwan","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Terrestrial Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Taiwan Forestry Research Institute; Terry Fox Research Institute; Environmental Protection Administration, Executive Yuan, R.O.C. Taiwan; Ministry of Science and Technology","keywords":"Precipitation; Climate change; Climatology; Environmental science; Terrain; Meteorology; Geography; Cartography; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Yu‐Shiang Tung","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chunyu Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shu-Ping Weng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chen-Dau Yang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04673515867594579,"gpt":0.264767526587063,"spread":0.2180323679111172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001601919,0.0001456559,0.0002408267,0.00001428466,0.0003178621,0.00003726322,0.0005989207,0.00003962596,0.003450612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006267173,0.0001255585,0.00004346436,0.00103528,0.0007384834,0.0003025754,0.0007214167,0.0001536154,0.000007017471],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000863614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005351961,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002252935,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003163563,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980437,0.0001820812,0.0003811221,0.0005222264,0.0005266779,0.0003441548],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993991,0.00008720387,0.0001563716,0.0002626085,0.000001703363,0.00009301254],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007791401,0.001320599,0.7967662,0.00003139703,0.00003370344,0.00007012414,0.008584239,0.07169066,0.004328982,0.001145343,0.0363782,0.07887143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007257713,0.002099308,0.4336357,0.0000362243,0.00006598685,0.00007640816,0.008387432,0.4636579,0.00006089832,0.009683311,0.07374253,0.001296525],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951023,0.00007076697,0.00006365572,0.0003656516,0.0003019404,0.0001441626,0.0001580399,0.00001977125,0.003773697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989091,0.00002085691,0.0006846227,0.0001495031,0.00003302075,0.00001200782,0.00005172249,0.000005288055,0.0001338739],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3919673,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9974604,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1963959873","doi":"10.3319/tao.2012.05.03.04(wmh)","title":"The Impact of Climate Change on Rainfall Frequency in Taiwan","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Terrestrial Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency","keywords":"Climate change; Climatology; Environmental science; Geography; Geology; Oceanography","authors":[{"name":"Wen-Cheng Huang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Y. C. Chiang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ruo-Ying Wu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jyun-Long Lee","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shu‐Hua Lin","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04045000915976394,"gpt":0.2924669569436602,"spread":0.2520169477838962,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001659927,0.0001180366,0.0001459004,0.000003488809,0.0002373828,0.00003485177,0.0002674134,0.00004570631,0.0002359251],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009990612,0.00006513656,0.00006024072,0.0003737705,0.00068446,0.0003512978,0.0001344112,0.00008135986,0.00002142679],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007686738,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001754909,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002264607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001077855,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987456,0.0001059127,0.0002350468,0.0002078093,0.0002318116,0.0004737727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994765,0.0001659605,0.0001024742,0.0001558936,0.000001746258,0.00009744989],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006462973,0.0001518162,0.9694905,0.000003243454,0.000004323708,7.2287e-7,0.001903732,0.0006290377,0.0002477088,0.001740527,0.00007047368,0.02569334],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006093233,0.0006513908,0.9747003,0.00002968608,0.000007736916,0.000004184672,0.000544389,0.01855782,0.00001627441,0.00450892,0.0001751443,0.0001947742],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9891583,0.0001791138,0.000007387935,0.0001831217,0.0002087992,0.0002307298,0.000003848253,0.00001246182,0.01001626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992206,0.0003411407,0.0002812067,0.00004648841,0.00008814001,0.000008998598,4.688161e-7,0.000003909808,0.000009117475],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02549856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3423423,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206691640","doi":"10.3319/tao.2021.08.01.01","title":"Day-to-day variability of ionosphere electron density during solar minimum derived from FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 measurements","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Terrestrial Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; National Space Organization; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ionosphere; COSMIC cancer database; Atmospheric sciences; Electron density; Electron; Physics; Environmental science; Meteorology; Astronomy; Nuclear physics","authors":[{"name":"P. K. Rajesh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chien‐Hung Lin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jia‐Ting Lin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chi‐Yen Lin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jia Yue","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tomoko Matsuo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shih‐Ping Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chia‐Hung Chen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01446835738462927,"gpt":0.2332361186368405,"spread":0.2187677612522113,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006791028,0.0003053017,0.0004832822,0.000003537094,0.0004079949,0.0001228509,0.0003760309,0.00008635269,0.0006397328],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001335454,0.0002780229,0.0001494937,0.0005303993,0.0002187849,0.0002982408,0.0002460929,0.0001698688,0.00001249871],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005651298,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005267905,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001241607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001615008,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975095,0.0002337512,0.0005264748,0.0007461857,0.0004325857,0.0005514757],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988275,0.0002630832,0.0002388369,0.0003580397,0.0001032149,0.0002093525],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004490493,0.0008261268,0.7816051,0.00006026413,0.0004688202,0.00001508803,0.002168301,0.0007514921,0.1659889,0.00175967,0.0006959031,0.04521134],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008259283,0.001202733,0.6804805,0.0003325568,0.0004668056,0.000009451929,0.006213836,0.01734656,0.2451216,0.0368732,0.001262883,0.002430565],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9856507,0.0001830684,0.01080865,0.00009045543,0.0006214014,0.0002960606,0.00002228253,0.00003996547,0.002287373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919829,0.00001800353,0.007360679,0.00006117986,0.0003551433,0.000008517807,0.00002385099,0.00001689467,0.000172799],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1011246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999672,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1975770236","doi":"10.3319/tao.2008.19.1-2.93(sa)","title":"Gravity Anomalies from Retracked ERS and Geosat Altimetry over the Great Lakes: Accuracy Assessment and Problems","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Terrestrial Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Altimeter; Geodesy; Geology; Satellite altimetry; Gravity anomaly; Gravimetry; Paleontology; Geotechnical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Robert Kingdon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cheinway Hwang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yu-Shen Hsiao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marcelo C. Santos","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03610127154137341,"gpt":0.2501092888363942,"spread":0.2140080172950208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005592732,0.0002064196,0.0002429201,0.000007145417,0.001054963,0.0002638198,0.0002472608,0.00006302368,0.0001753855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006166552,0.0001234387,0.00003894934,0.0003119106,0.001099568,0.0004306938,0.00004870814,0.0001582602,0.000005213669],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004821673,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001081046,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01038205,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008579895,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983358,0.0001190603,0.0002297928,0.0004834901,0.0004980657,0.0003337883],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991533,0.0003747552,0.0001411629,0.0001601657,0.00001570241,0.0001549204],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002258644,0.00001282656,0.9808916,0.000004914665,0.00002075478,0.000004642812,0.0003924116,0.00002454978,0.00003219505,0.00003046403,0.0002073463,0.01835573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005678141,0.0002253443,0.9855436,0.0000197833,0.00002958146,0.00001561036,0.0003538848,0.009022683,0.000005901519,0.003255297,0.0007750759,0.0001853859],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966714,0.001912278,0.00001696208,0.0002469145,0.0003702466,0.0002703196,0.00003468624,0.00002482782,0.0004524016],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978009,0.0008359028,0.0009542405,0.0001662877,0.0001633238,0.000001212889,0.00001560506,0.000002891443,0.00005957514],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01817035,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9962079,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4236167587","doi":"10.3319/tao.2012.09.21.01(tibxs)","title":"Effects of the Tibetan Plateau Crustal Structure on the Inversion of Water Trend Rates Using Simulated GRACE/GPS Data","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Terrestrial Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam - Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ; Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Inversion (geology); Global Positioning System; Geology; Geodesy; Plateau (mathematics); Earth model; Seismology; Tectonics","authors":[{"name":"Hansheng Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Longwei Xiang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patrick Wu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Holger Steffen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lulu Jia","is_ca":false},{"name":"Liming Jiang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Qiang Shen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03530382877314647,"gpt":0.2316696836819274,"spread":0.1963658549087809,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003042408,0.0001302578,0.0001733527,0.000005356017,0.0003419869,0.00007300358,0.0006533344,0.00004643379,0.0002243152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000660793,0.00005215282,0.00003932355,0.0003035424,0.0004695383,0.0002468234,0.00008806984,0.00009991306,0.000004365683],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000229479,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004414272,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004908879,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000162463,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987828,0.0001139393,0.0002004738,0.0002526912,0.0004249322,0.0002251681],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992987,0.0002388508,0.0001411206,0.0002549324,0.00001652372,0.00004985317],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004246491,0.0001958455,0.8416961,0.0001797101,0.0002594494,0.000006147153,0.00285393,0.04075813,0.06807034,0.0002598204,0.001950562,0.04334525],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00117923,0.0005699811,0.511222,0.0001424358,0.0001091899,0.000002892718,0.0005544329,0.4555771,0.02277118,0.007454004,0.0001351794,0.0002824017],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988927,0.0001226514,0.000003125355,0.000136208,0.0004514719,0.0002932613,0.00002579948,0.000005243493,0.0000695916],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999766,0.000009089835,0.00008561679,0.00005707227,0.00005083699,5.992053e-8,0.00001283289,0.000001898679,0.0000165793],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4148189,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7420789,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2460715330","doi":"10.3319/tao.2000.11.2.481(a)","title":"A Preliminary Analysis of Chemical Characteristics of Atmospheric Pollutants and Their Deposition Budget on the Fu-shan Forest in Taiwan","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Terrestrial Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Taiwan University; Terry Fox Research Institute; National Science Council","keywords":"Pollutant; Deposition (geology); Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Air pollutants; Air pollution; Chemistry; Ecology; Geology; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Neng‐Huei Lin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chung-Te Lee","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chang‐Chuan Chan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wen-Chuang Hsu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Moo-Been Chang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wen-Lung Lin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chau-An Hong","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hen-Biau King","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yue‐Joe Hsia","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01208705974834847,"gpt":0.2086777815658377,"spread":0.1965907218174892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004772076,0.0002072621,0.0004492401,0.000003094193,0.0001420896,0.00004965527,0.0003113704,0.00009218769,0.0008382536],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007424153,0.0001256908,0.00009188701,0.001273744,0.0008162974,0.0001438231,0.00002435157,0.0001274426,0.000001811351],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005622603,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000664045,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006889547,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001086457,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985079,0.00009891573,0.0004646038,0.0003778985,0.00025929,0.0002914304],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991469,0.0003413742,0.000222275,0.0001807808,0.00001215097,0.00009650331],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009877931,0.000158005,0.5759222,0.00004555419,0.0001830672,0.00001714196,0.001592413,0.001778675,0.001689731,0.00007846174,0.00002708687,0.4175199],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003936886,0.0005509812,0.8229082,0.00007020858,0.0001135871,0.00001298602,0.0007393226,0.174105,0.0006754287,0.000215372,0.00002141299,0.0001937604],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981239,0.0005251764,0.00004063024,0.000148293,0.00005495724,0.0001749631,0.00006219769,0.00001317151,0.0008567088],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988948,0.0002248366,0.0006937729,0.00007860416,0.00006059713,0.000001452126,0.00001500431,0.00000321522,0.00002779189],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4173261,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9178289,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386422285","doi":"10.1007/s44195-023-00047-1","title":"Strategy analysis of the extrapolation adjusted by model prediction (ExAMP) blending scheme for rainfall nowcasting","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Terrestrial Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences","topic":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nowcasting; Extrapolation; Weather Research and Forecasting Model; Meteorology; Numerical weather prediction; Precipitation; Environmental science; Quantitative precipitation forecast; Climatology; Mathematics; Statistics; Geography; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Chih-Chien Tsai","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jia-Chyi Liou","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hsin-Hao Liao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yi‐Chiang Yu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yuchun Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chung-Yi Lin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kao‐Shen Chung","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ben Jong‐Dao Jou","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08083887602086952,"gpt":0.271030546270545,"spread":0.1901916702496754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007334867,0.00009450281,0.0001822925,0.00002134674,0.0004884829,0.00006007249,0.0001981672,0.00005450266,0.0001200066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001786855,0.00005827663,0.00009002489,0.001933389,0.0002040886,0.000200899,0.00001585127,0.00005585036,0.000001284641],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000003538736,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005456377,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000255029,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009844803,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988938,0.00005841772,0.0002965535,0.0002656847,0.0002516706,0.0002338944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991917,0.000480189,0.0001592494,0.00009030192,0.00001859607,0.00005994044],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003470179,0.000006038852,0.2199068,0.000005367883,0.00005618214,7.883056e-8,0.0001423857,0.7691575,0.0004038899,0.000256188,0.0001939472,0.009836975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001979809,0.00009789901,0.2164425,0.000004087996,0.00009261414,1.419264e-7,0.00017843,0.7813756,0.000006141832,0.001513036,0.00003714829,0.00005438086],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927366,0.0001492256,0.005626581,0.00007446856,0.0001851597,0.0002335628,0.0001089455,0.00004683523,0.000838611],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978828,0.00002731569,0.001793762,0.00002964617,0.00005511301,0.000001622755,0.00006882779,0.000001535382,0.0001393244],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01221818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3757065,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065078793","doi":"10.3319/tao.2009.05.13.01(a)","title":"Towards Improving Visibility Forecasts in Taiwan: A Statistical Approach","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Terrestrial Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences","topic":"Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Visibility; Computer science; Econometrics; Geography; Statistics; Meteorology; Economics; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"John C. Lin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jyh-Huei Tai","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chin-Hui Feng","is_ca":false},{"name":"De-En Lin","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03249176730114461,"gpt":0.3306022354327743,"spread":0.2981104681316297,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003620402,0.000143296,0.0002339465,0.00001801701,0.0006588687,0.0004358002,0.0006761795,0.0001308309,0.0003493586],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002015162,0.0001176543,0.00004365495,0.0007526855,0.002445792,0.0005448394,0.0002274702,0.0003949465,0.0000126237],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006129881,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009365302,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0134633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002088318,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997337,0.0002148061,0.0002697188,0.0005952597,0.0008858569,0.0006973116],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991962,0.0002244998,0.00008141505,0.0001787463,0.0000331398,0.0002860045],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003090375,0.0006131643,0.09309645,0.00004469758,0.00002164189,0.000166057,0.01092692,0.00003513757,0.000455332,0.1919824,0.001859536,0.7004896],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01023551,0.002551887,0.4058335,0.0001078898,0.0001048327,0.00005438524,0.1198928,0.2190561,0.000192529,0.2193012,0.01945462,0.003214648],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9427149,0.00006054714,0.0007359764,0.0008837723,0.0007354768,0.0004554094,0.000005043655,0.0000691815,0.05433968],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9724511,0.000017478,0.02684874,0.00004036886,0.0004619901,0.000008409907,0.000001066591,0.000006324402,0.0001645394],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6972749,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9931061,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2319729445","doi":"10.3319/tao.2010.02.25.01(t-corri)","title":"Corrigendum to \"The Deep Electrical Structure of Southern Taiwan and Its Tectonic Implications\"","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"erratum","venue":"Terrestrial Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences","topic":"Geological and Geophysical Studies","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Tectonics; Geology; Seismology; Paleontology","authors":[{"name":"Chih-Wen Chiang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chien-Chih Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Martyn Unsworth","is_ca":true},{"name":"E. A. Bertrand","is_ca":true},{"name":"Chow-Son Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thong Duy Kieu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Han-Lun Hsu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02460749287610932,"gpt":0.2161143202210419,"spread":0.1915068273449325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001975283,0.0003034837,0.0004756156,0.00001081731,0.0006132034,0.00007959642,0.0006585832,0.0002127096,0.0008564928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001955164,0.0001565061,0.00008017634,0.0007426385,0.0006049103,0.00006392604,0.0001090953,0.0003877264,0.0001012108],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000401115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001308837,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001541307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00182167,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998129,0.00009294338,0.000338687,0.0006095133,0.0003462982,0.0004835352],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992694,0.0001011639,0.0002233518,0.0001711333,0.00003943236,0.0001955349],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004938741,0.0001435215,0.1471476,0.0001476306,0.0003343583,0.00001453563,0.004015697,0.0001985483,0.00005897666,0.00186616,0.1860989,0.6594802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005780095,0.003005274,0.8226255,0.00008390265,0.0002474863,0.00004577792,0.001130149,0.009937558,0.00001339335,0.02112783,0.1401507,0.001054395],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8631585,0.0806603,0.0001419821,0.005235848,0.02524438,0.002535525,0.0008992107,0.0001997043,0.02192459],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9887773,0.0006600676,0.000334051,0.0003364703,0.001074146,0.00000269185,0.00003483038,0.000005647157,0.008774763],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6754779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9377995,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4308500195","doi":"10.1007/s44195-022-00029-9","title":"Evaluation of WRF-chem simulations of NO2 and CO from biomass burning over East Africa and its surrounding regions","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Terrestrial Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Weather Research and Forecasting Model; Environmental science; Atmospheric sciences; Correlation coefficient; Biomass burning; Air pollution; NOx; Ozone; Mean squared error; Seasonality; Climatology; Meteorology; Aerosol; Geography; Chemistry; Statistics; Mathematics; Physics; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Ronald Opio","is_ca":false},{"name":"Isaac Mugume","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joyce Nakatumba‐Nabende","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. Nanteza","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alex Nimusiima","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael S. Mbogga","is_ca":false},{"name":"Frank Mugagga","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07057224151711261,"gpt":0.2765266340766261,"spread":0.2059543925595135,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00103864,0.0001201949,0.0002152275,0.00000389994,0.0005602524,0.00005077319,0.0001542171,0.00003851646,0.0008802361],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001949918,0.0001030331,0.00003016077,0.000393413,0.0003547874,0.000242101,0.00005306459,0.00008536826,4.111689e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008317932,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001481731,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00082432,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004882517,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984023,0.0001499942,0.0002867007,0.0003203306,0.0006567111,0.0001839907],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991092,0.0004285718,0.000252928,0.00008770892,0.00003269508,0.00008888936],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003206291,0.0001419684,0.8975831,0.00007279773,0.0001761983,0.000008157785,0.0079868,0.03411649,0.02458298,0.0002968438,0.0003199083,0.03439415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00195671,0.0004441175,0.1974685,0.0000614594,0.0002263017,0.00001779548,0.00631027,0.7882259,0.001004544,0.00328907,0.0006325465,0.0003627234],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953473,0.003207706,0.0000546883,0.00005768073,0.0001557017,0.0001602545,0.00009036449,0.00001292884,0.0009133996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992117,0.00005335383,0.000592924,0.00000903381,0.0000733309,0.000001165278,0.00002204648,0.000002286093,0.00003417429],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7541094,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9637968,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2100738452","doi":"10.3319/tao.2008.19.1-2.111(sa)","title":"Altimetry Enhanced Free-Air Gravity Anomalies in the High Latitude Region","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Terrestrial Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Korea Polar Research Institute","keywords":"Geodesy; Satellite altimetry; Altimeter; Geology; Remote sensing; Latitude; Wavelength; Gravity anomaly; Gravitational field; Arctic; Oceanography; Physics; Optics","authors":[{"name":"Jeong Woo Kim","is_ca":true},{"name":"D. R. Roman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bang-Yong Lee","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yeadong Kim","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03141641222136809,"gpt":0.2195474514133196,"spread":0.1881310391919515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005943371,0.0001526406,0.0001939147,0.00000973944,0.0005679239,0.00006854008,0.0005777306,0.00005101252,0.00006245347],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008699336,0.00009378284,0.0000462276,0.0006698566,0.0005352975,0.0002750588,0.00002694788,0.000131687,0.00002010592],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004033142,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008323618,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009528646,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001429338,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984353,0.0001448534,0.0002189254,0.0003457598,0.0005208233,0.000334401],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994313,0.0001717874,0.0001002869,0.0002147803,0.00001240302,0.00006945923],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009335814,0.00007942751,0.9749275,0.00000830648,0.00001368154,0.00005149732,0.001277655,0.001644921,0.00004047533,0.000447874,0.001019053,0.02039629],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005704602,0.0002555404,0.9887893,0.00001325847,0.00000781183,0.00001979614,0.000335934,0.002266149,0.00003929468,0.007253722,0.0002931775,0.0001556007],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970306,0.00038578,0.0001149269,0.0003955199,0.0004286818,0.0001920241,0.000005184531,0.0000215414,0.001425699],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978996,0.0001438666,0.001394931,0.0003145067,0.0001815099,0.000001134639,0.00000636767,0.000001757162,0.00005632597],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02024069,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.997067,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}