{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":5855,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":9,"predictions_cover":5855,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"bc1f6e5340c8","filters":{"venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering"}},"results":[{"id":"W2969655219","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23632","title":"Experimental methods in chemical engineering: specific surface area and pore size distribution measurements—BET, BJH, and DFT","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Zeolite Catalysis and Synthesis","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":1103,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Physisorption; Adsorption; Porosimetry; BET theory; Monolayer; van der Waals force; Langmuir; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Langmuir adsorption model; Density functional theory; Activated carbon; Aqueous solution; Specific surface area; Physical chemistry; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Nanotechnology; Catalysis; Molecule; Computational chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Porosity; Porous medium","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01978843896767224,"gpt":0.2291773259788278,"spread":0.2093888870111556,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004568794,0.0002034888,0.0003540619,0.00003703427,0.00002474095,0.00007152021,0.0002120663,0.0001354578,0.0001699581],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002951799,0.0001715386,0.00008951154,0.0001260898,0.00005213006,0.00009768108,0.00003215542,0.0004209095,9.485786e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003847014,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007395505,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001281642,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004056058,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988924,0.00001224721,0.0003839509,0.000176566,0.0001969212,0.0003378777],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990137,0.0002391133,0.00008991615,0.0001889706,0.00004866516,0.0004196137],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001290752,0.000008929313,0.001101905,0.00004017303,0.00004500641,0.00001529645,0.0001762957,0.0007722797,0.9974095,0.0000566249,0.00004258593,0.0003184525],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004151035,0.000006789513,0.0002619902,0.0001370748,0.00002369263,0.0001622571,0.00006006831,0.004398357,0.9925877,0.00001109844,0.001733997,0.0002018444],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966248,0.002799421,0.0001333061,0.0001636844,0.00007198902,0.00004303928,0.00001664506,0.000009523346,0.0001376502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977273,0.000008017158,0.002103592,0.00001169626,0.00009129057,0.00000167161,0.00001077906,0.00002582828,0.0000198085],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004821817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6995142,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2150558166","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20554","title":"Chemistry and applications of nanocrystalline cellulose and its derivatives: A nanotechnology perspective","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Advanced Cellulose Research Studies","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":895,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Nanomaterials; Nanocrystalline material; Nanotechnology; Nanocomposite; Surface modification; Cellulose; Materials science; Nanoparticle; Drug delivery; Liquid crystal; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01299298412805279,"gpt":0.2234010430699316,"spread":0.2104080589418788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001484662,0.00007696931,0.0001549108,0.00004191314,0.00004302876,0.000007701743,0.0001752356,0.00004790014,0.00003557855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002873052,0.00005779362,0.00002007259,0.0001088749,0.0002627728,0.00006014456,0.00004292446,0.0001796561,4.706e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008148862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001184019,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001832202,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002070767,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994816,0.000006549716,0.0001670199,0.00008398648,0.00008182832,0.0001789844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994174,0.00007102267,0.00008738826,0.0000800558,0.0001726092,0.0001715091],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005782651,0.000004166081,0.000007912408,0.00004365852,0.00001515608,0.000007266005,0.0008433045,0.00002695385,0.9965147,0.00239186,0.000002307671,0.0001368873],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001156687,0.00001792072,0.00001784283,0.0000352255,0.00001035628,0.00007976278,0.0002217721,0.0002147437,0.9977762,0.001331044,0.0001221972,0.0000572654],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9929555,0.004303883,0.002298692,0.000194192,0.00001196837,0.00008030628,0.000008092932,0.000006941949,0.0001404225],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981698,0.00004037713,0.001720209,0.000004626504,0.0000341764,0.000005872118,1.368263e-7,0.000007836373,0.00001692886],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005214335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2356755,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2900705276","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23336","title":"A Comprehensive Review on Emulsions and Emulsion Stability in Chemical and Energy Industries","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":547,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Emulsion; Rheology; Emulsified fuel; Process engineering; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Oil droplet; Porous medium; Environmental science; Petroleum engineering; Porosity; Composite material; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02951135847304068,"gpt":0.2522574329800459,"spread":0.2227460745070053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002031112,0.0003615041,0.001141898,0.0002329769,0.0000260315,0.00003779719,0.0002811555,0.0003426182,0.0000133134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003911406,0.0002670233,0.0001290526,0.0003206908,0.0001359183,0.00007569085,0.00004014173,0.001152444,8.017478e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004716949,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001633447,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000155237,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007621842,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986611,0.00003985324,0.0006667485,0.0001686728,0.0001468976,0.0003167539],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987864,0.0003961472,0.0001210653,0.0002345694,0.00007481728,0.0003869411],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000652063,0.00001201362,0.00000363824,0.04062543,0.000193232,0.00009372866,0.0001143576,0.00008856873,0.001256626,0.0001924403,0.002930925,0.9544825],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001427701,0.00005095569,0.000001750883,0.1007966,0.0002040406,0.0006005958,0.000003494974,0.000323361,0.005719313,0.0001185269,0.8915108,0.0005278307],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.002477532,0.9970819,0.00001983695,0.00005127984,0.0001173342,0.000126746,0.0000212666,0.00003074489,0.00007339897],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.006596326,0.9928924,0.0002378215,0.00005103059,0.0001368493,0.00001743099,0.000006289631,0.00005942036,0.000002396003],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9539547,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999782,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066771820","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820403","title":"Understanding Water‐Based Bitumen Extraction from Athabasca Oil Sands","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":476,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Syncrude (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Oil sands; Asphalt; Extraction (chemistry); Slurry; Environmental science; Aeration; Solvent extraction; Petroleum engineering; Waste management; Geology; Engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Composite material","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02030806664798369,"gpt":0.199600544946919,"spread":0.1792924782989353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001647934,0.0001516359,0.0001745928,0.0001653946,0.00004857556,0.00006964472,0.0002368125,0.0001096575,0.00004926504],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004494138,0.0001150906,0.00010119,0.0001162811,0.00002993018,0.0001928314,0.000005770624,0.000483045,0.000005531277],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001526246,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001273142,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009463276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004824261,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999171,0.000005276322,0.0002679243,0.00007257645,0.0001595633,0.0003236951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994472,0.00006425228,0.00003549598,0.0001374207,0.0000314914,0.0002841116],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004876846,0.000002682825,0.00001450855,0.00002465973,0.0000479647,0.00004685301,0.0001888807,0.3557641,0.6432016,0.000181946,0.0001086184,0.0004133113],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002990816,0.00001475384,0.00001523197,0.00022733,0.00002357219,0.00004674785,0.00001052866,0.009896498,0.9870983,0.001529073,0.0006691389,0.0001697877],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8799059,0.0003269645,0.1176959,0.000429731,0.0006012837,0.00003394866,0.00001142856,0.0001644969,0.0008303907],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966042,0.000008448485,0.003074883,0.00003347783,0.0002211903,0.000002638001,0.000005105373,0.00004471561,0.000005341033],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3458676,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4693259,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2985676390","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23673","title":"Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Thermogravimetric analysis—TGA","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Thermal and Kinetic Analysis","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":406,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"C-Therm Technologies (Canada); Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Thermogravimetric analysis; Isothermal process; Calcination; Pyrolysis; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Evolved gas analysis; Chemistry; Thermal analysis; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009119472573651857,"gpt":0.2430048176631071,"spread":0.2338853450894553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007037098,0.0001729028,0.0004425801,0.0005637401,0.00001819241,0.00006676104,0.0005627951,0.00009513575,0.0008976397],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001509825,0.0001257464,0.0002716529,0.001290195,0.0000427924,0.00008734568,0.0000324957,0.0003499671,0.0000249098],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002415666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001149975,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009557783,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001531823,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998728,0.00003554761,0.0004524068,0.0001534759,0.0002290163,0.0004015992],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990827,0.0001628345,0.0001133309,0.0002302599,0.00005062404,0.0003602487],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007703155,0.000009591062,0.0003764954,0.000006425551,0.00009449846,0.00001535069,0.0001944583,0.03099875,0.9679686,0.0001658095,0.000008387494,0.0001539034],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002544616,0.00001956862,0.0006602709,0.00002438146,0.0001447031,0.0000409538,0.00002430189,0.02320371,0.9751873,0.00001713645,0.0002438318,0.0001793639],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969544,0.0009079534,0.001659602,0.0001117336,0.000193787,0.00005648002,0.000003195172,0.00001173367,0.0001010838],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992297,5.279327e-7,0.007495155,0.00003924786,0.0001174985,0.000002438883,0.000001391025,0.00001978829,0.00002696417],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007795045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9828525,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3010898682","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23747","title":"Experimental methods in chemical engineering: X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy—<scp>XRD</scp>","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":361,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Crystallinity; Materials science; Crystallography; Crystal structure; Diffraction; X-ray crystallography; Lattice constant; Crystallite; Chemistry; Physics; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01609043449985475,"gpt":0.2639543589672536,"spread":0.2478639244673988,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000510791,0.0002510195,0.0003735572,0.0002200751,0.00004795134,0.0001360335,0.0005532841,0.0001545578,0.0001391293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001093045,0.0002202356,0.000175042,0.0004649698,0.00008451405,0.0002894775,0.0000388644,0.0008498828,0.00001363433],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004754634,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002136204,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002548574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005772656,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982914,0.00004535298,0.0005720771,0.0002251367,0.0003087851,0.0005572934],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983795,0.0003776276,0.0001836714,0.0001856771,0.00006336842,0.000810208],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008083307,0.00001446221,0.00006030737,0.0000212326,0.00001735761,0.0000392391,0.0006314586,0.01505181,0.9836875,0.0001022678,0.0003427621,0.00002348536],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003558851,0.00004170526,0.0002678548,0.00004943721,0.00001861891,0.0001124248,0.00008817085,0.009902135,0.9857842,0.00002786051,0.003235201,0.0001164866],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892464,0.0004436644,0.008649807,0.0006625102,0.000728143,0.0001093065,0.000005927368,0.00005084797,0.0001033664],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9673995,0.000001664992,0.0317704,0.0001867609,0.0005808627,0.000008613961,0.000001750879,0.00004618183,0.000004232148],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0231206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8980948,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3094861029","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23914","title":"Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Zeta potential","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Electrostatics and Colloid Interactions","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":360,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Distrito Federal; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Zeta potential; Electrophoresis; Surface charge; Nanoparticle; Colloid; Suspension (topology); Double layer (biology); Particle (ecology); Particle size; Debye length; Counterion; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Viscosity; Chemical physics; Thermodynamics; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Ion; Layer (electronics); Physical chemistry; Mathematics; Physics; Composite material; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01055881636418584,"gpt":0.2505376322876803,"spread":0.2399788159234945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001092068,0.0001466482,0.0002157343,0.00006446991,0.00002492271,0.00006162901,0.0003460149,0.00008686657,0.0002711538],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002792999,0.0001302877,0.0001333153,0.0001728838,0.00002569883,0.00007720249,0.00002253517,0.0007547394,0.000002988265],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002862757,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002187678,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001559834,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005291993,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991042,0.000006577353,0.0003231963,0.0001042682,0.0001381708,0.000323576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991962,0.0000795329,0.00007113392,0.0001030524,0.00004362704,0.0005065112],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001210146,0.0000082549,0.000007385624,0.00001632378,0.00003696751,0.00005659096,0.0002841383,0.006983845,0.9919372,0.0002025891,0.0002985691,0.0001560696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002806445,0.00001357269,0.000002236845,0.000039918,0.00001642639,0.0001732541,0.0000304916,0.06092045,0.934932,0.00001412335,0.003445748,0.0001311565],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9923131,0.0007972243,0.003158845,0.00307306,0.0002134483,0.00004068821,0.000009520177,0.00002378507,0.000370259],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928547,9.5871e-7,0.006588452,0.0001326867,0.000370556,0.000003653485,0.000002780257,0.0000296726,0.00001657776],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05700519,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5312979,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010328845","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20298","title":"Structure–process–yield interrelations in nanocrystalline cellulose extraction","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Advanced Cellulose Research Studies","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":352,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"FPInnovations","funders":"","keywords":"Crystallinity; Cellulose; Crystallite; Nanocrystalline material; Sulfuric acid; Hydrolysis; Materials science; Degree of polymerization; Chemical engineering; Yield (engineering); Acid hydrolysis; Extraction (chemistry); Amorphous solid; Polymerization; Organic chemistry; Chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01096270295041232,"gpt":0.2510212508464807,"spread":0.2400585478960684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000263943,0.00008850658,0.0001301233,0.0001354759,0.00005058977,0.00004228347,0.0002659645,0.00006310532,0.0002823413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008652671,0.00006456589,0.00003667757,0.0001664516,0.00008466005,0.0001883071,0.00001415601,0.0007687876,0.000004292124],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001207145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002244491,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004610457,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003256586,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992111,0.00000811826,0.0002612141,0.00007704632,0.0001706517,0.0002718804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993216,0.0001637477,0.00008202028,0.0001060108,0.00009965315,0.0002269848],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004933544,0.000003139611,0.0000653336,0.00001075195,0.000003993195,0.00002678058,0.0002565233,0.009029795,0.9901923,0.0002394194,0.00002499524,0.0001420366],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000124301,0.00001146867,0.0001325014,0.00005411561,0.000005867404,0.000117343,0.00002858666,0.002696555,0.9953008,0.001029392,0.0004126334,0.00008644631],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978665,0.0001601663,0.0009335584,0.0004899622,0.0003988813,0.0000481882,0.000005351505,0.000007028187,0.00009042774],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987058,0.000001526339,0.001036215,0.00001381291,0.0002068635,0.000001559678,7.442601e-7,0.00001121534,0.00002225681],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006333241,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3340043,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2042326839","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800601","title":"Compatibilization of Polymer Blends","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Polymer crystallization and properties","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":277,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Compatibilization; Materials science; Interphase; Polymer blend; Polymer; Composite material; Copolymer","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01776444250081748,"gpt":0.1845483998071465,"spread":0.166783957306329,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001145306,0.00004972064,0.00009823019,0.00006079377,0.00002633978,0.00002219425,0.000177001,0.00002600434,0.0007979531],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000708628,0.00003420943,0.00003263673,0.00009933514,0.00005407618,0.00007485894,0.000005413009,0.00006780231,0.000005414814],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003490214,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006946067,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003438573,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005342299,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995171,0.00001070713,0.0002120595,0.00003316017,0.0001107511,0.0001161696],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996194,0.00002446356,0.00007968508,0.00007652948,0.0000613345,0.0001385734],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000189601,0.000002415269,0.00004496525,0.00001134773,0.000004636495,0.000001739206,0.0005850231,0.002747754,0.9955143,0.0006591349,0.0002295001,0.0001973013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008524689,0.00001113411,0.00001085318,0.0000353471,0.00000774222,0.00003007296,0.000009785226,0.00781623,0.9913635,0.00002266208,0.0005629514,0.00004449917],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956335,0.002332865,0.0007135977,0.000545848,0.0002350917,0.00002352371,0.000004926205,0.000007175124,0.0005034666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997171,0.000002504082,0.00008012878,0.00005546218,0.0000652684,2.612919e-7,3.511001e-7,0.000006859289,0.00007202],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005068476,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8737026,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056466968","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450790122","title":"Determination of the activation energy and intrinsic rate constant of methane gas hydrate decomposition","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":267,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Methane; Hydrate; Activation energy; Decomposition; Chemistry; Clathrate hydrate; Reaction rate constant; Isobaric process; Thermodynamics; Isothermal process; Kinetics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Physical chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005203001606519815,"gpt":0.1823290757180252,"spread":0.1771260741115054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002468236,0.00005593618,0.0001010233,0.00003868779,0.00002265803,0.000006512294,0.00009549926,0.00003813656,0.00005165171],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005430066,0.00003411739,0.00003297951,0.0001658141,0.00009687177,0.00007137169,0.00001538363,0.0001047642,2.172352e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009109979,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003144641,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009616557,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001283126,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995267,0.0000296135,0.0002094697,0.00004251307,0.00009455401,0.00009708832],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995837,0.00007026866,0.0001661737,0.00006711922,0.00001836652,0.00009432153],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001296653,0.000003873333,0.0002626466,0.000005924567,0.00001217768,0.000003312712,0.000176836,0.0120303,0.9833946,0.0002719677,0.000007028546,0.003818431],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002307857,0.00002807214,0.0007070032,0.0000799468,0.00002829138,0.0001165235,0.00001032696,0.02130654,0.9759781,0.001211955,0.0002421847,0.00006023792],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983311,0.00007469772,0.0008949169,0.0003422705,0.00005661737,0.00003072825,8.933784e-7,0.000001100143,0.0002677119],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996856,0.00001728531,0.0002333562,0.0000290224,0.00001859589,4.445022e-7,4.736233e-7,0.000004826639,0.0000103393],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009276242,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1453742,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1985140092","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20411","title":"Biomimetic gradient hydrogels for tissue engineering","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"3D Printing in Biomedical Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":250,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineer Research and Development Center; National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; Office of Naval Research; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Georgia Institute of Technology; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Self-healing hydrogels; Tissue engineering; Microscale chemistry; Context (archaeology); Nanotechnology; Extracellular matrix; Microfluidics; Mechanobiology; Scaffold; Materials science; Biomedical engineering; Biology; Cell biology; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008894302781067431,"gpt":0.223130823650706,"spread":0.2142365208696386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000647444,0.0001756501,0.0002289131,0.0002785056,0.00005069992,0.00008299291,0.0006228753,0.0001515339,0.0000561306],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001124407,0.0001430058,0.0001158951,0.0002815369,0.00008005571,0.00007324769,0.00001931963,0.0009314564,0.00001060365],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000163557,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001700063,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001079207,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006200378,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998677,0.000004499041,0.0003696817,0.00009560934,0.0002469791,0.0006062097],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984735,0.0003339248,0.00003733236,0.000227742,0.0001055179,0.0008219654],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002533063,0.000003672295,0.00001979585,0.0001039567,0.00007025639,0.00002365698,0.0001114165,0.02455638,0.9691678,0.001056204,0.0007468322,0.004137529],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003405671,0.00003344163,0.0000583983,0.00008873023,0.00002893879,0.0002541052,0.000002839957,0.1537908,0.7801178,0.0001948656,0.06483399,0.0002556124],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9844676,0.0004381,0.01199791,0.0006814178,0.001964231,0.000218156,0.0000124531,0.00009011936,0.0001299669],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9918103,0.000002278832,0.007469196,0.00001824622,0.0006086323,0.00001166406,0.000001807603,0.00006357599,0.0000142775],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.18905,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5831606,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1994639494","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810373","title":"CO<sub>2</sub> Mineral Sequestration: Chemically Enhanced Aqueous Carbonation of Serpentine","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":227,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ohio Coal Development Office; Ohio Department of Development","keywords":"Carbonation; Flue gas; Carbon sequestration; Mineral; Dissolution; Greenhouse gas; Coal; Aqueous solution; Chemistry; Carbon dioxide; Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Chemical engineering; Mineralogy; Geology; Organic chemistry; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006030365071961322,"gpt":0.1933388175221079,"spread":0.1873084524501465,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002014005,0.00008495459,0.000113163,0.00003967345,0.00003704715,0.00001924676,0.0001354245,0.0000584079,0.0003535379],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002651962,0.00006981209,0.00006287352,0.0001355909,0.0000816041,0.0001092507,0.000004116417,0.0002241501,0.000009166516],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002109261,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001263242,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003056608,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005026676,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992882,0.00001783832,0.0002986533,0.00007115949,0.0001631965,0.0001609788],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995141,0.00004629096,0.0001241877,0.00009089235,0.00004765931,0.0001768679],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003857488,0.000006576503,0.00009229212,0.000003273815,0.00000895486,0.000008304061,0.000112626,0.008806149,0.9900848,0.0004286427,0.0002319339,0.000212603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001346959,0.0000226631,0.000393622,0.0000169798,0.00001109594,0.0001670368,0.000008032725,0.001357967,0.9969548,0.0002009617,0.0006559512,0.00007617833],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9949844,0.00002063391,0.0008033895,0.0004280541,0.000134128,0.00005344029,0.000001984682,0.000005987586,0.003567957],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994152,0.000001534419,0.0004087425,0.00007058792,0.000054076,0.000001923255,0.000003165254,0.000006293423,0.00003852726],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007448182,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3870992,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2124213858","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20446","title":"CFD simulation of stirred tanks: Comparison of turbulence models. Part I: Radial flow impellers","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":224,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Computational fluid dynamics; Turbulence; Turbulence kinetic energy; Mechanics; Dissipation; Rushton turbine; Reynolds stress; Turbulence modeling; Flow (mathematics); Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02265723298263672,"gpt":0.1940867649334794,"spread":0.1714295319508427,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001641314,0.0001189764,0.0002736667,0.0001262116,0.00001747205,0.000008954611,0.0002486705,0.00007939352,0.00002483283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006445254,0.0001050218,0.0000983179,0.0001374355,0.00004726686,0.0001111827,0.000008562495,0.000265307,5.342347e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001119098,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009806323,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003440197,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009773568,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991026,0.00000623825,0.0004751393,0.00005445864,0.0001415714,0.0002199937],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993944,0.00006628359,0.0000952468,0.0001327973,0.00009066972,0.0002206513],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008084844,0.000004080223,0.00003407937,0.00004385041,0.00004600182,0.000003144703,0.001213373,0.9807843,0.01695701,0.0001361856,0.00008814358,0.0006817557],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001792899,0.00001965006,0.00002434454,0.0001191421,0.00002807915,0.000007758029,0.00002042516,0.9662204,0.0330607,0.0001488506,0.00007344028,0.00009795201],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.951453,0.001328978,0.04594509,0.00002286945,0.000769934,0.00008496373,0.00002161541,0.00002054165,0.0003530406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977478,0.000007548781,0.002127747,0.000003431946,0.00008309459,5.935541e-7,0.000001728687,0.00002451527,0.000003511931],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04629486,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4282665,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974111743","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20586","title":"Material advancements in supercapacitors: From activated carbon to carbon nanotube and graphene","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":214,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Supercapacitor; Pseudocapacitance; Graphene; Materials science; Carbon nanotube; Nanotechnology; Energy storage; Carbon fibers; Electrolyte; Capacitor; Electrochemistry; Electrode; Power (physics); Composite material; Chemistry; Voltage; Electrical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01324236929070017,"gpt":0.18587520558032,"spread":0.1726328362896199,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002258049,0.0001235607,0.0002031184,0.0001319697,0.00002428522,0.00005119479,0.0002261162,0.00007000672,0.00009373891],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009508117,0.00009703374,0.00002211613,0.0001312021,0.0000464219,0.0001169106,0.0000180393,0.0001099714,0.000001189847],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001505128,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007445955,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0268894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005119467,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991571,0.00002514749,0.000304605,0.0001205902,0.0001300005,0.0002625956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999461,0.00002680743,0.00005164599,0.0001312719,0.0000490434,0.0002802594],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004136769,0.000004916158,0.0006348117,0.000005380917,0.000006064067,0.00001055055,0.001477823,0.00003501586,0.9976915,0.00002758682,0.00000331719,0.00006172091],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002026347,0.00003055234,0.001941365,0.00007839269,0.00001045102,0.00001522959,0.000053099,0.00008281699,0.9972749,0.0001523249,0.00004142484,0.0001167705],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986789,0.00006302214,0.000006475383,0.00006699392,0.001031182,0.00007814942,0.00001677746,0.000008692989,0.00004983727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990153,0.000002091634,0.0006351093,0.0000333741,0.0002891002,0.00000538856,0.000001578767,0.0000171051,9.416966e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02637745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9795907,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2806122632","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23249","title":"Survey on the theoretical research and engineering applications of multivariate statistics process monitoring algorithms: 2008–2017","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":211,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Viewpoints; Multivariate statistics; Statistics; Computer science; China; Process (computing); Operations research; Management science; Mathematics; Engineering; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02441092963081084,"gpt":0.2809896456357461,"spread":0.2565787160049353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001149542,0.0001246267,0.0001862256,0.0001603883,0.0001096501,0.00006690983,0.0003293367,0.00008051573,0.00001118041],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006085022,0.00008468363,0.0000292536,0.0003141262,0.0002243276,0.00004348311,0.0000116673,0.0006034702,0.000003390661],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001096922,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009021461,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004265664,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007971555,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989823,0.0000344007,0.0003178486,0.00008328977,0.0002682401,0.0003139138],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984161,0.000727787,0.00004762831,0.0001898504,0.0003568348,0.0002617533],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002537734,0.0001260553,0.002185011,0.001276524,0.001831378,0.0001063993,0.01102143,0.3381651,0.5016302,0.108501,0.003770824,0.03113232],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005774781,0.0001675273,0.002620396,0.0004451631,0.00003403479,0.0001107777,0.0001205952,0.8413214,0.1517932,0.0009164891,0.001543492,0.000349419],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9637238,0.0009868417,0.03298626,0.0003329398,0.0009512954,0.0005313453,0.0001130464,0.00006670591,0.000307743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991851,0.000005498024,0.0002933954,0.00000415955,0.0004577116,0.00001645498,8.760663e-7,0.00002983062,0.000006942373],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5031563,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3453298,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110507720","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450850414","title":"Fault Detection of Non‐Linear Processes Using Kernel Independent Component Analysis","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":203,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Independent component analysis; Fault detection and isolation; Kernel principal component analysis; Pattern recognition (psychology); Process (computing); Kernel (algebra); Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Linearity; Principal component analysis; False alarm; Fault (geology); Kernel method; Mathematics; Engineering; Support vector machine; Electronic engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007691839403298011,"gpt":0.2049315464104029,"spread":0.1972397070071049,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004068867,0.0001220236,0.0002780246,0.0004024087,0.00003683282,0.00002256815,0.0001815213,0.00009133523,0.000008106926],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008364529,0.0001009251,0.0001454605,0.0006952399,0.00002408909,0.00007246171,0.000005032536,0.0003115024,0.000001031885],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000293415,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009303806,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001568725,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001970427,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998992,0.000006315909,0.0004768107,0.00006089572,0.0002190831,0.0002448723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992946,0.00005655344,0.0001093164,0.0001100909,0.0001586085,0.0002708515],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006607114,0.000002168172,0.00009246574,0.0000515557,0.0002354833,0.000009150353,0.0001368542,0.5228641,0.4762349,0.000001712991,0.000001375116,0.0003637002],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002106759,0.00001186932,0.0003751741,0.00004595375,0.000158057,0.00009323115,0.0000454957,0.5628561,0.4358893,0.000002378169,0.0002118184,0.00009990347],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9095204,0.0003969836,0.0896525,0.00001047657,0.0002955694,0.00005516579,0.000002946961,0.00001893567,0.00004700512],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995708,0.000001912819,0.0002021936,0.000006620647,0.0001929006,7.874589e-7,5.681346e-7,0.00002012486,0.000004133476],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09005034,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4115606,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047474464","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800112","title":"Diffusivity of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> in athabasca bitumen","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":196,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Thermal diffusivity; Methane; Carbon dioxide; Asphalt; Mineralogy; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Diffusion; Nitrogen; Atmospheric temperature range; Materials science; Environmental chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007231974990937307,"gpt":0.1755533543211801,"spread":0.1683213793302428,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001097252,0.001425715,0.001881558,0.001188481,0.0002501626,0.0002752469,0.001309952,0.0008743714,0.00001856558],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005117222,0.001460209,0.000708002,0.001368096,0.0004506851,0.0009327746,0.00020345,0.002851063,0.00005108731],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001609771,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004597343,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001934287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001610645,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99347,0.0001563235,0.002058881,0.0008327194,0.001081223,0.002400889],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9951653,0.0005750915,0.0005767185,0.001069721,0.0002756644,0.002337443],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007925509,0.0001152857,0.000265242,0.0004062483,0.0004377402,0.000484444,0.000813216,0.02128974,0.9665009,0.0001443002,0.0004852407,0.008978376],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002279866,0.0001317186,0.001242534,0.0008364534,0.0002355988,0.0007430153,0.00004509271,0.1082221,0.884436,0.0003239795,0.0001646854,0.001338944],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941506,0.002177807,0.0009369932,0.0003712412,0.0009836142,0.0006125361,0.0002629201,0.0002375808,0.0002666815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973941,0.0009041567,0.00009135601,0.0001439567,0.0009317393,0.00004383518,0.00005245161,0.0004359513,0.000002473653],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08693239,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998493,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2125752728","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780512","title":"Removal of lead, cadmium and zinc from aqueous solutions by precipitation with sodium Di‐(<i>n</i>‐octyl) phosphinate","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Extraction and Separation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":194,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Phosphinate; Cadmium; Chemistry; Zinc; Inorganic chemistry; Aqueous solution; Precipitation; Solubility; Cadmium nitrate; Sodium; Metal; Sodium nitrate; Stability constants of complexes; Zinc nitrate; Nuclear chemistry; Equilibrium constant; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005845841329103693,"gpt":0.1762660078951808,"spread":0.1704201665660771,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008583137,0.0001037858,0.0001448167,0.00005339655,0.00004794144,0.00003716367,0.0001059636,0.00006148786,0.00007761986],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003439662,0.00008394747,0.00002999942,0.000115186,0.00005097205,0.0001717491,0.000002288941,0.0002553089,0.000002313152],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007814528,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009651364,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008009879,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005615975,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994016,0.000005966076,0.0002425377,0.00005987491,0.0001185541,0.0001714669],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995558,0.00006189603,0.0000494868,0.00007598632,0.0000698035,0.0001870613],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009005873,0.00002357742,0.00008496082,0.000117255,0.0003154906,0.0001137695,0.002530763,0.2253131,0.7530326,0.0005795634,0.005061955,0.01273688],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001601992,0.0001361856,0.0004740474,0.0003333788,0.0002166943,0.002095082,0.0001372649,0.2068263,0.7322771,0.0007954123,0.05439066,0.00071589],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925697,0.003698926,0.00183145,0.0004341272,0.0001176673,0.00005539519,0.0000289009,0.00003027601,0.001233586],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999104,0.00005441106,0.0005854602,0.00002641647,0.00007103744,0.000001697679,0.000006273203,0.00001969011,0.0001309631],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0493287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3423278,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995763733","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20054","title":"Investigation into the hydrodynamics of gas–solid fluidized beds using particle image velocimetry coupled with digital image analysis","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Granular flow and fluidized beds","field":"Engineering","cited_by":192,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Particle image velocimetry; Digital image analysis; Bubble; Mechanics; Particle tracking velocimetry; Particle (ecology); Fluidized bed; Velocimetry; Coupling (piping); Phase (matter); Materials science; Optics; Physics; Geology; Computer science; Thermodynamics; Turbulence; Composite material; Computer vision","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006794886092667747,"gpt":0.1779003357356855,"spread":0.1711054496430178,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002514384,0.0001791464,0.0003465661,0.0001906266,0.00008711358,0.00006799337,0.0003114053,0.00006927465,0.00001150431],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001286078,0.0001199058,0.0001773724,0.00094706,0.0002465333,0.0002708722,0.0000136044,0.0003459365,0.000001399975],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000205547,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001955145,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000653354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001302378,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998897,0.00001346313,0.0004366743,0.00008423821,0.000260773,0.0003078539],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991191,0.00008808535,0.00008806837,0.0002315213,0.0001562829,0.0003169261],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001229295,0.000003183207,0.0005667009,0.0000248557,0.0004309936,0.00004389783,0.001428857,0.08919095,0.9082121,0.00002497411,0.00001489334,0.00004634423],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002945452,0.00001409646,0.00009449987,0.0000288472,0.0002416516,0.0001197222,0.00003102311,0.6438,0.3552228,0.00002547336,0.000009009527,0.0001183467],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9859535,0.0003764678,0.0133871,0.000112138,0.00006180618,0.00006537609,0.000007125884,0.00002391378,0.00001263422],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970686,0.000008244289,0.002786007,0.00001316101,0.0000776548,0.0000014167,0.000006086486,0.0000374747,0.000001292443],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.554609,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4889616,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039612166","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450850519","title":"The Limits of Fine and Coarse Particle Flotation","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":186,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Australian Research Council","keywords":"Bubble; Particle (ecology); Particle size; Range (aeronautics); Turbulence; Quartz; Materials science; Aggregate (composite); Mechanics; Rushton turbine; Mineralogy; Chemistry; Physics; Composite material; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01090666646449293,"gpt":0.2192206647380545,"spread":0.2083139982735616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003814245,0.00003103732,0.00004287456,0.00001193023,0.00004045008,0.00001327378,0.00007750313,0.00001626731,0.00003823348],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001356871,0.00001898268,0.00001559911,0.0000728869,0.0000673563,0.00004907027,0.000004385706,0.00006928521,0.000001605077],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003739183,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001403299,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003378268,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001416821,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996382,0.000005312068,0.0001600971,0.00002413418,0.00008430326,0.00008797665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996914,0.00008522983,0.00005159074,0.00004387289,0.00001438909,0.0001134621],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009311376,0.000002976012,0.000815843,0.000002635397,0.000005998598,0.000003478686,0.0006132696,0.002635039,0.9818086,0.001854312,0.0008535714,0.01139493],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001140921,0.00002319997,0.00354001,0.000009941165,0.000005939041,0.0000283059,0.00001890585,0.01549256,0.977078,0.000256661,0.003388956,0.00004347568],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.99804,0.00008429922,0.0008973281,0.00069731,0.00003015465,0.00002821291,3.750727e-7,0.00000303567,0.0002192421],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993517,0.000002545314,0.0005405626,0.00004637606,0.00002079287,3.778166e-7,1.519948e-7,0.000002841323,0.00003469137],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01285752,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07906195,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2137076881","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450850101","title":"Petroleum Residue Upgrading Via Delayed Coking: A Review","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":183,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Coke; Petroleum coke; Oil refinery; Delayed coker; Waste management; Refinery; Refining (metallurgy); Petroleum; Environmental science; Tonne; Crude oil; Engineering; Process engineering; Petroleum engineering; Metallurgy; Chemistry; Materials science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02257572968405772,"gpt":0.2666039876108494,"spread":0.2440282579267917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009939584,0.0005183729,0.001965731,0.0003939062,0.0001247784,0.0001174521,0.001179808,0.0003887158,0.0002028289],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005665023,0.0003684173,0.001135656,0.0005755389,0.00007899401,0.00007735518,0.00003219993,0.002172849,0.00001285619],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008969303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001398816,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004489788,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009356476,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972855,0.00002534983,0.001327559,0.0002379611,0.0004320632,0.0006915434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974309,0.0002799179,0.0008368556,0.0004394324,0.0001529596,0.0008599318],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006105042,0.00001426701,0.000001946634,0.07761128,0.001772547,0.0008696888,0.00005022154,0.0002273471,0.0009815495,0.00005074441,0.00265432,0.91576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009153858,0.000005376915,1.611812e-8,0.07945248,0.002172887,0.001682855,0.000001667009,0.0002370071,0.0003269272,0.000007140349,0.9156425,0.0003796039],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002780578,0.9980347,0.0002278178,0.0001310325,0.0001201905,0.00001534294,0.00001630719,0.00002590387,0.001400888],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0008604134,0.9971468,0.0002093002,0.0001060816,0.001009189,0.000006269992,0.00002732132,0.0001150355,0.0005195858],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9153804,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998768,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2893033988","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23344","title":"Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy—UV‐Vis","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":182,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy; Spectroscopy; Absorbance; Mass spectrometry; Ultraviolet; Transmittance; Materials science; Photocatalysis; Nanoparticle; Dynamic light scattering; Diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Nanotechnology; Optoelectronics; Organic chemistry; Catalysis; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01410659130066056,"gpt":0.2739106033887477,"spread":0.2598040120880872,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005989459,0.0001686193,0.0002488542,0.0001084508,0.00004473351,0.00005732634,0.0004543977,0.00008487361,0.0002584769],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001622989,0.0001357254,0.0001188224,0.000352607,0.0001356303,0.000133882,0.00003955029,0.000420082,0.00002633731],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000620196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000475436,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002702703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001686262,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987751,0.00002912519,0.0003704639,0.0001543755,0.0002220603,0.0004489249],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992085,0.00007479441,0.00006938716,0.0001913134,0.00001429944,0.0004417335],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004954255,0.00001183999,0.0005024087,0.000003724044,0.00001809891,0.0000165835,0.0004955826,0.003065561,0.9955953,0.00002976776,0.0001321609,0.0001239959],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001758582,0.00003125516,0.0002859209,0.00004607607,0.00001563024,0.00005735705,0.00002361076,0.005039263,0.9933183,0.00002878798,0.0008163273,0.0001616311],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997482,0.0001087445,0.001642409,0.0003042675,0.0002448583,0.00003848409,0.000001738342,0.00001369988,0.0001637693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9794753,6.072046e-7,0.02000178,0.00003310676,0.0004458172,0.000002318805,8.57752e-7,0.00002217217,0.00001806483],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01835937,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5534722,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2013390147","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810101","title":"How to Make Inherent Safety Practice a Reality","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Risk and Safety Analysis","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":182,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"SAFER; Risk analysis (engineering); Process (computing); Inherent safety; Computer science; Process management; Engineering ethics; Management science; Engineering; Business; Computer security; Reliability engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.050806122684038,"gpt":0.3041373900545449,"spread":0.2533312673705069,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003796254,0.0001065028,0.0002659952,0.0002021917,0.00009724752,0.0003053437,0.0006499008,0.00006074291,0.00007957347],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02289388,0.00006617737,0.0001783945,0.0008062289,0.00003854974,0.0001857309,0.00001622213,0.0003829183,0.00001746889],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002315523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004347845,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007661218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001359967,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982275,0.0001214142,0.000506513,0.0001313673,0.0007243291,0.0002888723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997204,0.0009624609,0.0001989114,0.0003596791,0.0004546914,0.0008202458],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004462886,0.0001262573,0.001509622,0.0000344847,0.001185713,0.001215009,0.0102634,0.5313749,0.05011927,0.1021495,0.06749219,0.2340834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002817478,0.00003708842,0.0003477271,0.00003466646,0.00008160524,0.0004615611,0.000448919,0.001945154,0.01070465,0.005002025,0.9804316,0.0002232287],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3310294,0.002732487,0.1685914,0.4759948,0.002243741,0.0005027633,0.00005381629,0.00003999049,0.01881166],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963569,0.000006967378,0.002794615,0.000433544,0.0001298124,8.646525e-7,2.406508e-7,0.000008441921,0.0002686104],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9129394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9853367,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2980937939","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23664","title":"Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy—FTIR","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Ionic liquids properties and applications","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":174,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Attenuated total reflection; Infrared spectroscopy; Infrared; Spectroscopy; Materials science; Molecule; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Optics; Organic chemistry; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0104753207967614,"gpt":0.2469174024410896,"spread":0.2364420816443282,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000368033,0.0002655564,0.0003968233,0.0001732024,0.00003024585,0.00005575635,0.0005870213,0.0001832796,0.0002854335],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001585584,0.000213861,0.0002010477,0.0003429952,0.0000464492,0.0001666845,0.000031604,0.0009321283,0.00001996079],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006781537,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002502775,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002659619,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000469076,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983588,0.00001165348,0.0006093365,0.000182204,0.0002271713,0.0006107954],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989568,0.0001400848,0.00007878837,0.0003009493,0.0000568311,0.0004665216],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001678547,0.0000154734,0.00001007567,0.00003323931,0.000039021,0.000009945274,0.0004362842,0.01232661,0.9850216,0.001750796,0.0001482759,0.0001919156],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005598844,0.00002902329,0.000006262677,0.0001081742,0.00001527664,0.00009345544,0.00003170643,0.1029902,0.8884664,0.00007270168,0.007376436,0.0002504539],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9889405,0.001027983,0.006442626,0.001015428,0.0004705885,0.0003135,0.000007325571,0.00005837752,0.001723704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9697964,0.000001759898,0.02955503,0.00007869481,0.0003028234,0.00002175245,0.000003733161,0.0000669243,0.0001728373],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09655517,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8720998,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3195548081","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24291","title":"Experimental methods in chemical engineering: <scp>X</scp> ‐ray absorption spectroscopy— <scp>XAS</scp> , <scp>XANES</scp> , <scp>EXAFS</scp>","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":173,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"XANES; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; Extended X-ray absorption fine structure; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Absorption spectroscopy; Chemistry; Spectroscopy; Absorption (acoustics); Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Analytical Chemistry (journal); X-ray absorption fine structure; Materials science; Physics; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Optics; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009110718675547306,"gpt":0.250491956779244,"spread":0.2413812381036967,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001076767,0.0009962179,0.001396511,0.0006714338,0.000220398,0.0004823018,0.001289074,0.000452749,0.0001062107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001857111,0.0009656444,0.0009368132,0.001558775,0.0002174036,0.0005912086,0.0001690576,0.00257341,0.00005894551],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009598628,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008973446,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008180873,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004393263,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9946241,0.0001525391,0.001481211,0.0008172005,0.0008150639,0.002109845],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9945701,0.002091253,0.0005246989,0.0008138063,0.0002931393,0.001707017],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002068623,0.0001548857,0.001230549,0.00006937943,0.000491208,0.0001910414,0.002421679,0.01571955,0.9740241,0.001624314,0.003945976,0.0001252311],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001021686,0.0000809966,0.0004420464,0.0002731354,0.0002762896,0.0001380232,0.001914941,0.01647772,0.9659969,0.000401221,0.0128384,0.0001386666],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.975828,0.003179889,0.01739215,0.0001545335,0.0008079191,0.0002897234,0.00006089686,0.00008809084,0.00219878],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9782956,0.00003352682,0.01807957,0.0001520942,0.002380908,0.00005011883,0.0001018759,0.0002082867,0.0006980788],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008892424,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997277,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2131408733","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20660","title":"Mathematical modelling of chemical processes—obtaining the best model predictions and parameter estimates using identifiability and estimability procedures","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":166,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Identifiability; Estimation theory; Mathematics; Model selection; Model parameter; Applied mathematics; Mean squared error; Selection (genetic algorithm); Statistics; Computer science; Mathematical optimization; Machine learning","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03110741767140777,"gpt":0.2145380382727766,"spread":0.1834306206013688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003858941,0.0001526449,0.0002631272,0.00006605635,0.00006710453,0.00005432079,0.0001696214,0.00009183817,0.000004168539],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008398978,0.0001032883,0.00005487649,0.0001335004,0.0001933864,0.0001446302,0.00001604045,0.000347699,1.896366e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000832926,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001616214,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002392287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002948636,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990649,0.000009972355,0.0004517957,0.0001040853,0.0001400998,0.0002292019],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991435,0.0002718048,0.00007498849,0.0001467554,0.0001223335,0.0002406472],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001300551,0.00001230265,0.0003400154,0.0007016922,0.00007842291,0.000002219857,0.002138686,0.9643241,0.03210081,0.000171635,0.000003479309,0.0001136711],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001317823,0.00001085428,0.00001279239,0.0001806424,0.00008672771,0.0002347533,0.00007955263,0.9726833,0.02439755,0.002083936,0.000001131251,0.00009697497],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9216579,0.0005290118,0.07753483,0.00002905238,0.00005533137,0.0001273524,0.000005563775,0.0000243573,0.00003661271],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941857,0.00000254723,0.005729662,0.000004769917,0.00004566459,0.00000816989,1.993013e-7,0.00002245779,8.368291e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0725278,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4211974,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2556166200","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22730","title":"CO<sub>2</sub> reverse water‐gas shift reaction on mesoporous M‐CeO<sub>2</sub> catalysts","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Catalytic Processes in Materials Science","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":162,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Chongqing Research Program of Basic Research and Frontier Technology","keywords":"Catalysis; Water-gas shift reaction; Mesoporous material; Materials science; Transition metal; Selectivity; Chemical engineering; Inorganic chemistry; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007547351163642224,"gpt":0.197678479171235,"spread":0.1901311280075928,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001462126,0.0002980799,0.0004078383,0.0002295421,0.0001498732,0.0001815515,0.0009772363,0.0001542881,0.000038329],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007088523,0.0001769109,0.0001254092,0.0002067804,0.0002999737,0.0005452851,0.00005021666,0.00031742,0.0003166319],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008324118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005136859,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003161794,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002115446,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975922,0.00003952417,0.0006421703,0.0003238762,0.0005985884,0.0008036825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981445,0.0002017137,0.000262902,0.0004936221,0.00016535,0.0007319095],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003705134,0.000009531408,0.000003087172,0.00003495392,0.00001259595,0.0001021337,0.0003730815,0.0002735198,0.9978634,0.00009176635,0.0006187551,0.0005801891],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003338536,0.00005189329,0.00002478132,0.0002748473,0.0000365534,0.0005563013,0.00001089999,0.00004081849,0.9973681,0.0004913485,0.0005361892,0.0002744024],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962519,0.0000670807,0.0002439088,0.001775157,0.001397201,0.0001195829,0.00003676003,0.00004858501,0.00005982414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991204,0.00001277483,0.00008764442,0.0001643293,0.0005568215,0.000007161152,0.000004396089,0.00004001596,0.00000641984],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002868536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7214216,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116686170","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20052","title":"Overview and some issues related to co‐firing biomass and coal","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":161,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Coal; Fouling; Biomass (ecology); Environmental science; Waste management; Boiler (water heating); Cofiring; Wood gas generator; Torrefaction; Pyrolysis; Engineering; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0109063109878629,"gpt":0.2031095050459339,"spread":0.192203194058071,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001169995,0.0001447638,0.000212418,0.0001313579,0.00005556958,0.00003370985,0.0001819509,0.00008837502,0.00002523765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009364159,0.0001201504,0.0000366141,0.0001419401,0.00008130122,0.0001388274,0.00002006788,0.0002497583,0.000005539397],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009174784,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005243645,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009524045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000854148,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992812,0.000005392157,0.0002485581,0.00008484624,0.0001209934,0.0002590339],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992126,0.00006906938,0.00002885222,0.00009534176,0.00003508343,0.0005590745],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005984383,0.000002202075,0.0004124827,0.0001638542,0.00008639787,0.0001194527,0.0006889745,0.0005090293,0.9958018,0.0002773123,0.001045714,0.0008867904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003206094,0.00002147649,0.0003933661,0.0001818549,0.00002210613,0.001018585,0.00001470701,0.001026182,0.9917038,0.0002736321,0.004771866,0.0002518222],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9845576,0.01447658,0.0000138636,0.0007024891,0.0001176411,0.00004790956,0.000004508393,0.00004160251,0.00003785722],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999437,0.0001401055,0.00024319,0.00006669314,0.00006685605,0.0000011763,7.443346e-7,0.00002829176,0.00001599264],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0148794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4899592,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2077811047","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800403","title":"Flocculation Monitoring: Focused Beam Reflectance Measurement as a Measurement Tool","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements","field":"Engineering","cited_by":155,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Flocculation; Papermaking; Materials science; Process engineering; Microscope; Polymer; Computer science; Optics; Composite material; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0476993347871406,"gpt":0.2040331039694907,"spread":0.1563337691823501,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007078252,0.0002133241,0.0002439943,0.0001091755,0.00007659043,0.00009009289,0.0003142756,0.00009764649,0.00006321049],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004703397,0.000176334,0.0001210868,0.0002547915,0.00002568587,0.0001518796,0.000007646404,0.0004411594,0.0000252823],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001364723,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009940915,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008583452,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004623222,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979857,0.00001339603,0.000447838,0.0001058899,0.0009945192,0.0004526833],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988849,0.00002811781,0.00006054302,0.0002151904,0.0003977389,0.000413503],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001519234,0.00003004952,0.0003535759,0.0001070622,0.0003317289,0.00005586168,0.0005374466,0.3103369,0.6793736,0.0001842763,0.0007786333,0.00789563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001988879,0.0001153809,0.001350423,0.001142755,0.0002021732,0.000139234,0.00002824561,0.1105165,0.8737041,0.0002898317,0.009572257,0.0009502591],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9873615,0.00643164,0.002614905,0.0004589242,0.001620153,0.0002258916,0.000001893742,0.00009626162,0.001188811],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988106,0.00001299023,0.0007376958,0.0000190751,0.0003613959,0.00000855197,1.559275e-7,0.00004461229,0.000004908343],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1998204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7190691,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2077565351","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20108","title":"Oil–water two‐phase flow in microchannels: Flow patterns and pressure drop measurements","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":147,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Microchannel; Pressure drop; Flow coefficient; Two-phase flow; Hydraulic diameter; Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Isothermal flow; Drop (telecommunication); Thermodynamics; Open-channel flow; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Turbulence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01723329708850025,"gpt":0.2109454634916977,"spread":0.1937121664031974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002862414,0.0001506854,0.0001872633,0.0002097329,0.00004173968,0.00002240051,0.0001845631,0.00007511296,0.00002397837],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003234748,0.0001143474,0.00003429229,0.0001716721,0.00004772086,0.0001179586,0.00001311145,0.000418684,0.000001508408],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001718251,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000589519,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001851528,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001936242,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991339,0.000007336346,0.0003459139,0.0000776505,0.0001340014,0.0003011777],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996159,0.00001170721,0.00002949392,0.0001082748,0.0001070133,0.0001276202],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007464578,0.000007357035,0.0001847491,0.00006881791,0.00006294892,0.00007539901,0.001067507,0.009906317,0.9844854,0.00002361427,0.0006369246,0.00347352],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000790402,0.00001656986,0.00005498298,0.0001449459,0.00001598785,0.0004148609,0.000008987326,0.0446714,0.9512145,0.00002342654,0.002466765,0.0001771726],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.968724,0.0009682695,0.02968787,0.0001574478,0.0002384717,0.00004698355,0.00001806205,0.00003691725,0.0001220146],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989638,0.000007718117,0.0007643132,0.00005281749,0.0001473083,0.00000389775,0.000008169584,0.0000297785,0.00002216309],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03476508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4662953,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144718734","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20507","title":"Modelling asphaltene deposition in turbulent pipeline flows","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":146,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Schlumberger (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Couette flow; Deposition (geology); Asphaltene; Mechanics; Turbulence; Particle (ecology); Pipeline transport; Multiphase flow; Asphalt; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Petroleum engineering; Physics; Engineering; Geology; Mechanical engineering; Composite material; Chemical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01416182928303783,"gpt":0.1831609601826918,"spread":0.168999130899654,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000168104,0.00009635774,0.000159401,0.0001108614,0.00003221283,0.00002528422,0.0002259147,0.00006957618,0.00009406191],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004200178,0.00007570457,0.00008653205,0.0001311934,0.00001682922,0.00007138847,0.000005397311,0.0003903394,0.000001838472],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001726689,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001421329,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002837655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002182236,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992727,0.000003900903,0.0003022756,0.00007084275,0.0001183652,0.0002318922],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994938,0.00001932924,0.00007969759,0.00009828139,0.00005889171,0.000249992],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002060038,0.00001985959,0.0001128557,0.0000686803,0.00005346058,0.0002325613,0.0007718308,0.7135645,0.2824687,0.00004340781,0.00003271005,0.002610761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000193129,0.000003287751,0.000001672053,0.0001981783,0.00003943632,0.0001627723,0.0000147414,0.7398285,0.2592442,0.00006804679,0.0001465869,0.00009947406],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.991908,0.001050723,0.005805775,0.0001787287,0.00003552844,0.00000299679,0.000001331515,0.000009481184,0.001007392],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979245,0.000005385784,0.001799911,0.0000293359,0.0001695269,9.408616e-7,0.00000173472,0.00001430578,0.00005435347],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02626396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4289705,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091695103","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810210","title":"Stagnation‐point Flow towards a Stretching Surface","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":144,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Indian National Science Academy","keywords":"Stagnation point; Stagnation temperature; Stagnation pressure; Boundary layer; Mechanics; Similarity solution; Flow (mathematics); Surface (topology); Materials science; Rotational symmetry; Free surface; Thermodynamics; Physics; Heat transfer; Geometry; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00697052706134227,"gpt":0.1724983903136582,"spread":0.1655278632523159,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003007516,0.0001411037,0.0001811337,0.00008882312,0.00004544908,0.00005828595,0.000202291,0.00007994789,0.000107445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008983962,0.0001142243,0.0001002257,0.0001703263,0.00002176063,0.0001245038,0.000002464778,0.0004582203,0.000006272842],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002600829,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002458007,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001530465,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009760191,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991564,0.00001084958,0.0002832891,0.0000579871,0.0001658598,0.0003256559],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993591,0.00004745193,0.00001313585,0.0001209831,0.0000719803,0.0003873074],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002300372,0.000004034327,0.00004813786,0.00005648261,0.00009975467,0.00005132402,0.0008102519,0.8406013,0.1532006,0.002595365,0.001581211,0.0009492079],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008195215,0.00003460207,0.00008383413,0.0002049061,0.00007465573,0.0004266835,0.00005066453,0.2101886,0.7697077,0.0005391304,0.01734656,0.0005231132],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.982329,0.001820257,0.01316692,0.0003908483,0.0008342328,0.00008578168,0.000015578,0.00005841408,0.001298953],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973159,0.00001041014,0.002463196,0.00003476483,0.0001207132,8.383805e-7,0.000001158468,0.00003590284,0.0000171368],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6304127,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.465793,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2136317209","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450840402","title":"Steady Flow of Power Law Fluids across a Circular Cylinder","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Vibration Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":143,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Drag coefficient; Power-law fluid; Reynolds number; Power law; Turbulence; Drag; Potential flow around a circular cylinder; Cylinder; Physics; Flow (mathematics); Law; Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Geometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004266674248801202,"gpt":0.1797567723675492,"spread":0.175490098118748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000199945,0.0001190982,0.0002183712,0.00008255913,0.00003667207,0.00004975473,0.0002242331,0.00008321035,0.00005206082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000257009,0.0000993909,0.0001579751,0.0002075342,0.00005135765,0.00008433257,0.000007127449,0.000256849,0.000002756059],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001109258,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006686016,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009332327,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006528567,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991308,0.000005817417,0.000380834,0.00005510714,0.0001675306,0.0002599012],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994806,0.0000307077,0.0000416936,0.0001543982,0.00009926983,0.0001932992],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001708539,0.000003596655,0.00005158903,0.00002192401,0.00008529079,0.00001621125,0.00015823,0.8561051,0.1405509,0.002724543,0.0002266186,0.00005424856],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003007771,0.00001094538,0.0002250969,0.00004809011,0.00004357026,0.00006602913,0.00002060328,0.918106,0.07917005,0.0001944811,0.001629658,0.0001847486],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9513053,0.0011821,0.04563055,0.000218229,0.0003528622,0.00005846396,0.00003405326,0.00003321757,0.001185228],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998945,0.000001265404,0.0008583599,0.00003664919,0.0001132593,7.733201e-7,0.00000399918,0.00002789458,0.00001282954],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06200077,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4053043,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018208211","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780113","title":"(Gas‐)liquid‐solid circulating fluidized beds and their potential applications to bioreactor engineering","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Granular flow and fluidized beds","field":"Engineering","cited_by":139,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Fluidized bed; Liquid phase; Fluidized bed combustion; Chemistry; Physics; Waste management; Engineering; Thermodynamics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00477019336822665,"gpt":0.1741022133889209,"spread":0.1693320200206943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002170605,0.000251076,0.0003103663,0.0002078713,0.00008276963,0.00009794804,0.0003258798,0.000118541,0.00007588658],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003928983,0.0002058322,0.0001289733,0.0003204614,0.00003253383,0.0001174661,0.00001335202,0.0004377192,0.00001118826],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001579485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007659698,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001099131,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001745721,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988436,0.00000786,0.0004161877,0.0001234998,0.0001394434,0.0004694377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989043,0.00006014113,0.00002753236,0.0002137906,0.00006164189,0.0007325548],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008475987,0.000003106268,0.000005627868,0.0000326877,0.00007591124,0.00001828654,0.0003735901,0.03654149,0.958661,0.00007501802,0.00007086272,0.004133948],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007365734,0.00005982494,0.00005028154,0.0001898549,0.00008938409,0.0008949678,0.00002882366,0.1524164,0.831369,0.00005406858,0.01347085,0.0006399601],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9895161,0.001021086,0.008698087,0.0002458432,0.0001786844,0.0001753995,0.00001723689,0.00008490781,0.00006261517],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983712,0.00001718845,0.001005242,0.00005161605,0.0004656216,0.00001586341,0.000004002658,0.00006708733,0.000002196317],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.127292,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8393595,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982121854","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800618","title":"Quantitative Analysis of Mixer‐Type Rheometers using the Couette Analogy","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Rheology and Fluid Dynamics Studies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":138,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Rheometer; Shear rate; Couette flow; Mechanics; Newtonian fluid; Shear (geology); RADIUS; Generalized Newtonian fluid; Viscosity; Shear thinning; Non-Newtonian fluid; Viscometer; Rheology; Classical mechanics; Physics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Computer science; Flow (mathematics)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02585576993603703,"gpt":0.229542271302859,"spread":0.203686501366822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003181278,0.0001497277,0.000430411,0.0003405114,0.00008427392,0.00001409823,0.0004177428,0.00009579849,0.0001025768],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006049382,0.00009812565,0.0002392009,0.001086278,0.0002366625,0.00006016608,0.00002417231,0.000470823,0.000001814866],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001486912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005140796,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005938567,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001904663,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989631,0.0000249315,0.0004423964,0.00009246777,0.0001596673,0.0003173988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988171,0.0004611679,0.0001639761,0.0001996593,0.0001886484,0.0001694231],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001845707,0.000008904277,0.0007723336,0.00002007389,0.003010642,0.00002940744,0.001621658,0.620927,0.3641258,0.009256669,0.0001451955,0.00006375385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001323128,0.00002663652,0.0001745596,0.00002914442,0.0007303761,0.0000431267,0.0000508831,0.991674,0.006937484,0.00002857505,0.00005934731,0.0001135509],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9708863,0.002620415,0.02543272,0.0005536838,0.000284036,0.00004603662,0.00001253,0.000009313009,0.0001549015],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983337,0.00001979263,0.00145027,0.00007352536,0.00005784506,6.792785e-7,0.000001425722,0.00001678191,0.00004597796],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3707469,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4001448,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1567870876","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780217","title":"Coal combustion in O<sub>2</sub>/CO<sub>2</sub> mixtures compared with air","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Vehicle emissions and performance","field":"Engineering","cited_by":136,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Electricity Association","keywords":"Flue gas; Coal; Combustion; Bituminous coal; Coal combustion products; Environmental science; Limiting oxygen concentration; Chemistry; Waste management; Oxygen; Environmental chemistry; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005574704362334618,"gpt":0.176005436813257,"spread":0.1704307324509224,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001971614,0.0002109324,0.0002744819,0.0001774488,0.00006629346,0.00004216504,0.0002703673,0.0001174012,0.0000337089],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001789246,0.0001651595,0.00006848148,0.0002755674,0.00005663635,0.0001612818,0.000004946666,0.0007640027,0.00001666055],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002638034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001493401,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001145798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003716012,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988935,0.00001266151,0.0003559016,0.0000959171,0.0001988368,0.0004432121],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992326,0.00005437078,0.00004313654,0.000162565,0.00004348635,0.0004638465],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002171177,0.000005150738,0.0001403211,0.00003231662,0.00002575006,0.00005535328,0.000174527,0.606851,0.3889142,0.000005436169,0.001042897,0.002731327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006165411,0.00003044187,0.001415568,0.0003536734,0.00001957368,0.0003441474,0.00001031494,0.1137879,0.8816624,0.00001360409,0.001479342,0.0002664968],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986415,0.0004958152,0.0002042952,0.0001827151,0.0001219481,0.00007848599,0.00001079959,0.00004151532,0.0002229334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995101,0.00004630079,0.0001092599,0.00005594171,0.0002202731,0.000003874459,0.000007309355,0.00004376736,0.000003153529],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4930631,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6735009,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068513372","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22129","title":"Water‐soluble polymers for oil sands tailing treatment: A Review","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":136,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Tailings; Dewatering; Flocculation; Oil sands; Consolidation (business); Environmental science; Waste management; Filtration (mathematics); Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Asphalt; Materials science; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Engineering; Metallurgy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01643583448158721,"gpt":0.2481724424729317,"spread":0.2317366079913444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000431319,0.0004952857,0.001723411,0.0002505582,0.00005129049,0.00006258841,0.0005821129,0.0002792979,0.00004593107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001511115,0.0003059815,0.0008800738,0.000174631,0.00003392362,0.00008524161,0.00001139522,0.0005709592,0.000007773625],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001071326,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003546237,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009717662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005300049,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981946,0.00001979967,0.0008801227,0.000146553,0.000139859,0.0006191185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998754,0.0002314111,0.0001547918,0.0003276433,0.00006998318,0.0004621918],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001213681,0.000002462176,2.128439e-8,0.04007184,0.0003757381,0.00001525788,0.00003573422,0.0007361005,0.0002831621,0.00002421767,0.001191934,0.9572623],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001103415,0.00003598378,1.534828e-9,0.04046997,0.0006982817,0.0002355693,3.638188e-7,0.0004924557,0.006006923,0.0000132376,0.9515947,0.0003421707],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001036546,0.9980955,0.0006057182,0.00005046079,0.0005817929,0.0002047074,0.00002262734,0.00008579311,0.0003430114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001343586,0.9978986,0.0009403348,0.00003513791,0.0005390163,0.00009577046,0.00003117422,0.0001755879,0.0001499759],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9569201,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999392,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2968394471","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23620","title":"Lignin for polymer and nanoparticle production: Current status and challenges","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lignin and Wood Chemistry","field":"Engineering","cited_by":135,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Northern Ontario Heritage Fund Corporation","keywords":"Lignin; Polymer; Pulp (tooth); Paper production; Flocculation; Organosolv; Production (economics); Pulp and paper industry; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01116690969203256,"gpt":0.1824959248953827,"spread":0.1713290152033502,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008673793,0.0000801584,0.0001082787,0.00003153418,0.00001894431,0.00002480741,0.00006009381,0.00003387784,0.000002354532],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002565857,0.00006402323,0.00002317904,0.00003561866,0.00002347204,0.00006086095,0.000005967171,0.0001421184,7.315598e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000445173,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004280658,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001163247,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008658367,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995547,0.000001843391,0.0001229585,0.00005976793,0.00005435687,0.0002063959],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995959,0.00003175976,0.00001786971,0.00007131459,0.00002631291,0.0002568459],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003967153,0.000003916297,0.0002557093,0.0005200811,0.00006515203,0.000002197325,0.0008066124,0.001118217,0.9911702,0.0006301567,0.0009633433,0.004460482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002048044,0.00001385795,0.00005039583,0.00008041635,0.00001554727,0.00006071364,0.00003178798,0.00141095,0.9930577,0.00005262958,0.004925092,0.00009613554],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9581032,0.04071743,0.000002953471,0.0006877537,0.0003597472,0.00005722561,0.000002536344,0.0000135245,0.00005562041],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993801,0.000282587,0.00006769771,0.000006574066,0.0002317207,0.000002564636,3.599214e-7,0.00001606493,0.00001229505],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04127692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2610792,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981209644","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21894","title":"Unsteady heat and mass transfer by MHD mixed convection flow from a rotating vertical cone with chemical reaction and Soret and Dufour effects","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":134,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nusselt number; Combined forced and natural convection; Sherwood number; Mass transfer; Mechanics; Magnetohydrodynamics; Thermophoresis; Work (physics); Flow (mathematics); Buoyancy; Heat transfer; Natural convection; Thermodynamics; Schmidt number; Convection; Physics; Materials science; Classical mechanics; Magnetic field; Prandtl number; Nanofluid; Reynolds number","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.002924307156679143,"gpt":0.1427351350376928,"spread":0.1398108278810136,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008793956,0.0001791208,0.0002602681,0.00005964228,0.00004478425,0.00008162032,0.00005512365,0.0001301347,0.00001103779],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003756573,0.0001374119,0.00002781664,0.00006998367,0.00007951954,0.000175597,0.000002967161,0.0004417427,9.063934e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007642503,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003181362,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000697409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006677458,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992698,0.00001227411,0.0002159479,0.0001138667,0.0001162843,0.0002718184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991841,0.0002151163,0.000004995274,0.00006559335,0.0000398288,0.0004903214],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000208902,0.000002467963,0.0001858859,0.00007602976,0.00007007732,0.00001397679,0.0002614043,0.0006195363,0.9976259,0.00002354244,0.0000797101,0.00102062],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001568521,0.00008294075,0.000842242,0.0002717512,0.0001286304,0.0002742065,0.00002702652,0.2435742,0.7527966,0.00005885797,0.00009112772,0.0002838973],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9878152,0.001217015,0.01039853,0.0002795868,0.0001091751,0.0001343456,0.00000764485,0.00002742219,0.00001106566],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991045,0.00002994476,0.0006667452,0.00003550663,0.0001143176,0.000008211277,0.000004391123,0.00003496188,0.000001445657],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2448292,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5603495,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2170037611","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21630","title":"Fixed bed catalytic reactor modelling—the radial heat transfer problem","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Heat and Mass Transfer in Porous Media","field":"Engineering","cited_by":132,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Heat transfer; Computational fluid dynamics; Thermodynamics; Interpretation (philosophy); Mechanics; Computer science; Chemistry; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01893028656527821,"gpt":0.1697742872032511,"spread":0.1508440006379729,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002965636,0.0001989379,0.0002442266,0.000101121,0.00005047112,0.00003705554,0.0004735062,0.0001209858,0.00005331867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002389352,0.0001323663,0.0001457418,0.0001643763,0.00007692824,0.0001152695,0.000003737994,0.0007090046,0.000007891652],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001815785,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002179631,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001660968,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003957282,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998852,0.0000110193,0.000393615,0.00008191968,0.0001849121,0.000476523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990996,0.00007722252,0.000006996988,0.0002030445,0.0000552644,0.0005578567],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008271948,0.00003833707,0.0000987735,0.0004063907,0.000811259,0.0003838756,0.03240979,0.6427943,0.3127007,0.00355861,0.003861416,0.002853818],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001236275,0.00008607398,0.00003839092,0.0002992387,0.0003203807,0.000722838,0.00006984787,0.2462976,0.7365061,0.0006278069,0.01301468,0.0007807251],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9767891,0.001173921,0.01811992,0.0005163178,0.001263566,0.0002768304,0.00002055013,0.00009822154,0.001741537],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989212,0.00001576741,0.0005534263,0.00004364722,0.0003913255,0.00000708975,0.00000258444,0.00005719796,0.000007810646],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4238054,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5397743,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2088047338","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450830601","title":"Viscoelastic (Non‐Fickian) Diffusion","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation and Gas Transport","field":"Engineering","cited_by":130,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Mesoscopic physics; Viscoelasticity; Mass transport; Fick's laws of diffusion; Diffusion; Continuum mechanics; Statistical physics; Materials science; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Composite material; Engineering physics; Condensed matter physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004751526074298752,"gpt":0.1733638006926038,"spread":0.1686122746183051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001152813,0.0001090895,0.0001383807,0.000101902,0.00003336137,0.00003288016,0.0002004691,0.00005943781,0.000140174],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002663303,0.00008442531,0.00007506544,0.0001146861,0.00002278812,0.00009861927,0.000002324725,0.0003262344,0.00002604829],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001232085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008935264,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005333587,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002161365,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993409,0.000002823251,0.0002599,0.00004442173,0.000123246,0.0002287238],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994367,0.00002964493,0.00002435177,0.0001016959,0.00003482722,0.0003727846],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004074082,0.00000412278,0.00004652055,0.00003709799,0.00003904469,0.00003096291,0.000514856,0.7966793,0.1988014,0.0002347124,0.001602334,0.002005569],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000962312,0.00003521537,0.000982232,0.0002308792,0.0000804915,0.0004954904,0.00001813972,0.5808353,0.3292551,0.00005316851,0.08655187,0.0004997853],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9920861,0.0004389258,0.005082036,0.0006006779,0.000435797,0.00005299515,0.00000267903,0.00003947505,0.0012613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989841,0.00000552984,0.0004500795,0.00007815671,0.0004116884,9.598717e-7,0.000001453809,0.00002362546,0.0000443973],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.215844,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3442764,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971677422","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20465","title":"CFD simulation of stirred tanks: Comparison of turbulence models (Part II: Axial flow impellers, multiple impellers and multiphase dispersions)","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":129,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Turbulence; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Baffle; Turbulence kinetic energy; Reynolds stress; Flow (mathematics); Dissipation; Turbulence modeling; Reynolds number; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02157853601688946,"gpt":0.1991500382015783,"spread":0.1775715021846888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001602184,0.0001494107,0.0003005317,0.0001438691,0.00004513082,0.00001035677,0.0002021236,0.00009076962,0.00001628119],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001195361,0.0001299386,0.00009125657,0.0001218777,0.00007385042,0.0001434719,0.00002160989,0.000272864,2.346834e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009354215,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007038321,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005668715,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001761154,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990529,0.000007628776,0.0004809714,0.00007927731,0.0001396961,0.0002394969],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992599,0.0001176508,0.0001007835,0.0001382081,0.000089781,0.0002936916],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001946973,0.000009416195,0.0001212861,0.00004872639,0.00005152501,0.000003449489,0.002281656,0.9491669,0.04749591,0.00004122283,0.0000536912,0.0007067547],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004553431,0.00003408465,0.00003107286,0.0001463506,0.00003566228,0.000009774136,0.00009354619,0.9670534,0.03193666,0.00004262532,0.00003667425,0.0001247849],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9802703,0.0008745356,0.01835773,0.00001656927,0.0003055424,0.00008557395,0.00003277255,0.00001300794,0.0000440085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961978,0.00001601089,0.003694286,0.000003155864,0.00005481731,7.193754e-7,0.000003141524,0.00002626051,0.000003845551],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01788653,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5298741,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2013401540","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21908","title":"Petroleum coke gasification: A review","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":129,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Petroleum coke; Process engineering; Oil refinery; Coke; Refining (metallurgy); Petroleum; Waste management; Wood gas generator; Coke strength after reaction; Environmental science; Engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Coal; Organic chemistry; Metallurgy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02059762818050669,"gpt":0.2234683106657268,"spread":0.2028706824852201,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002642768,0.0004108284,0.001226684,0.0002034832,0.00003387915,0.00007493545,0.001071975,0.0002672178,0.0003822791],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002869141,0.0002835291,0.0004870743,0.0004054361,0.00006554867,0.0001065493,0.00002154931,0.001037813,0.0001440262],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005018733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005764778,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003024463,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003871678,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983133,0.00002089624,0.0008800367,0.0001310456,0.0002426524,0.0004120844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998408,0.0001893889,0.0002391308,0.0003726895,0.0001413189,0.0006494888],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001295101,0.00001038371,2.793146e-7,0.1880787,0.001089441,0.0001393352,0.00006032757,0.0002041738,0.002952243,0.0003193301,0.08183011,0.7253144],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005258148,0.000005154653,2.051091e-8,0.03075364,0.0004598742,0.0005664218,8.845922e-7,0.00005850288,0.001894568,0.0000113372,0.9658858,0.0003112075],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002137241,0.9989021,0.00002757493,0.0001548449,0.0004291449,0.0002223899,0.00001510524,0.00005428604,0.0001731526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0004592397,0.9987786,0.0001689595,0.00005789751,0.0003437479,0.00003143563,0.00001363253,0.0001026791,0.00004383024],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8840557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999617,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2034878996","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800611","title":"Fiber Suspensions in Complex Geometries: Flow/Orientation Coupling","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Composite Material Mechanics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":126,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Orthotropic material; Mechanics; Rotational symmetry; Continuum mechanics; Materials science; Finite element method; Fiber; Vortex; Orientation (vector space); Coupling (piping); Physics; Classical mechanics; Geometry; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01661681408592649,"gpt":0.1860268421901046,"spread":0.1694100281041781,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001435549,0.0001084061,0.0001661893,0.0002473294,0.00003144969,0.00005664409,0.0001942926,0.00005710811,0.0004517937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001132579,0.00009870109,0.00004614565,0.0003632728,0.00001565452,0.00008744079,0.000009929166,0.0002894833,0.00002095623],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003191395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002255583,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001613934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001953537,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992577,0.000003249385,0.0003009823,0.00005382137,0.0001223864,0.0002618332],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995103,0.00007738681,0.00003080442,0.000111335,0.0000487728,0.0002213614],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001916642,0.00000264121,0.00001998221,0.00001827578,0.00001692523,0.00003979406,0.0003111818,0.8371284,0.1612454,0.0001097558,0.0005537324,0.0005519947],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002518202,0.0000109568,0.00007087344,0.00007165899,0.0000122921,0.0001008132,0.0000116713,0.9538785,0.04271147,0.0000456801,0.002694621,0.0001396138],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979007,0.0003466677,0.0008474658,0.0001775357,0.0004730115,0.00006425298,0.000004612781,0.00003045859,0.0001553157],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987231,0.000004834717,0.00106016,0.00001736129,0.0001545374,0.000001299902,0.000002458729,0.00002769461,0.000008589852],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1185339,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4946824,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056410934","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20500","title":"The CFD driven optimisation of a modified venturi for cavitational activity","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Cavitation Phenomena in Pumps","field":"Engineering","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Venturi effect; Cavitation; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Materials science; Orifice plate; Geometry; Inlet; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Mathematics; Engineering; Body orifice","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02173794423446851,"gpt":0.1973222710118532,"spread":0.1755843267773846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002189432,0.00008225179,0.0001131124,0.00007067296,0.00005174106,0.00001912124,0.0002257937,0.00004420674,0.000008385847],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001778616,0.00006091363,0.00008512686,0.00009336289,0.0000482468,0.00009129419,0.00000479642,0.00017306,6.009863e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001856073,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001217646,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001096975,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007414803,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994252,0.000006823378,0.000235727,0.0000405258,0.0001190696,0.0001726611],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993256,0.0002212131,0.00008062313,0.0001035612,0.0001273571,0.0001417006],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004725373,0.00001186632,0.00002871775,0.00008091146,0.0002127646,0.000003062193,0.003210688,0.7916908,0.1912651,0.01029337,0.0005701013,0.002585448],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001323426,0.000121903,0.00208567,0.0001444152,0.0001388459,0.00008019361,0.0001267569,0.4872749,0.4992666,0.006911049,0.002088974,0.0004373317],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888361,0.0002117804,0.009730996,0.0001995466,0.0005095568,0.0001664145,0.00002271014,0.00001676792,0.0003061096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975934,0.000002134526,0.002254377,0.000006685017,0.0001032981,0.0000110563,0.000001665261,0.00001981855,0.000007579827],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3080015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2483986,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009345421","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450830412","title":"A Comparison of PID Controller Tuning Methods","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Advanced Control Systems Design","field":"Engineering","cited_by":124,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"PID controller; Control theory (sociology); Computer science; Control engineering; Engineering; Control (management); Artificial intelligence; Temperature control","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01861204260876835,"gpt":0.2754879439406756,"spread":0.2568759013319072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004863498,0.0001418495,0.0004593002,0.0001430019,0.00002555771,0.00002080891,0.0003123103,0.00007876314,0.00001909257],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002442508,0.0001142356,0.0001225748,0.0001519961,0.00003649223,0.0001070593,0.00000608228,0.0004358562,0.000002769626],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002670963,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008112607,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006320464,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004120274,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998904,0.00002738174,0.000577343,0.00005421375,0.0001381267,0.0002989355],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990836,0.0002692666,0.000117528,0.0001333017,0.00008922558,0.0003070121],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004825958,0.000001762582,0.00003433295,0.00001939267,0.00007628738,0.000002632851,0.0003437345,0.5744367,0.4189001,0.0002789212,0.0001489904,0.005752285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006201263,0.00002032478,0.00002616771,0.0001173073,0.00004705851,0.00007882171,0.00002294708,0.73688,0.2510737,0.00006767847,0.01088235,0.0001635119],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1591971,0.01637531,0.821458,0.0005332498,0.0008179815,0.0002708129,0.000006733756,0.0001019796,0.001238835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9760897,0.000001350733,0.02350025,0.00002068528,0.0003403459,0.000002721076,2.217205e-7,0.00003473146,0.000009961844],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8168926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4658392,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2125945227","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20113","title":"A particle filter approach to identification of nonlinear processes under missing observations","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Control Systems and Identification","field":"Engineering","cited_by":123,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Missing data; Expectation–maximization algorithm; Likelihood function; Particle filter; Maximization; Nonlinear system; Mathematics; Algorithm; Path (computing); Identification (biology); Function (biology); Mathematical optimization; Filter (signal processing); Applied mathematics; Estimation theory; Computer science; Statistics; Maximum likelihood; Kalman filter","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03049308831613182,"gpt":0.1961360334235104,"spread":0.1656429451073786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001658138,0.00007025388,0.0001278227,0.00007543877,0.0000480738,0.00003352938,0.0001696101,0.00003581263,0.000003147105],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001879061,0.00005933832,0.00004274527,0.000301548,0.00002123177,0.0001265034,0.000003782138,0.0001109561,0.000002334001],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009350742,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001402393,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001952982,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005317036,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992853,0.000005511592,0.0003919977,0.00005171744,0.0001229214,0.0001425173],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994065,0.00003720699,0.00006521858,0.0001265546,0.0001870064,0.0001774823],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002244933,0.000008763333,0.0001561014,0.0001017677,0.0000366196,0.00000129136,0.0009546942,0.3574614,0.6406229,0.0001667765,0.000288407,0.0001990026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003402041,0.00001367636,0.006364268,0.0001591162,0.00005265123,0.0001753711,0.00007592009,0.4512456,0.5395865,0.0000842919,0.001664359,0.0002380276],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9666145,0.0005093474,0.03221649,0.0003531729,0.0001414713,0.00009363436,0.000006228463,0.00001781041,0.00004738143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998745,0.000002343679,0.001056301,0.00001673659,0.0001316303,0.000005205779,0.000002331687,0.00001598025,0.00002441986],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1010364,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2419747,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056017933","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20060","title":"Synthetic Ca‐based solid sorbents suitable for capturing CO<sub>2</sub> in a fluidized bed","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Chemical Looping and Thermochemical Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":122,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Coprecipitation; Carbonation; Sorbent; Calcination; Dolomite; Volume (thermodynamics); Fluidized bed; Hydrolysis; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Mineralogy; Materials science; Adsorption; Inorganic chemistry; Catalysis; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01077509082580362,"gpt":0.1946010943344192,"spread":0.1838260035086156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000236111,0.0002350272,0.0003984937,0.0001786435,0.00006741016,0.00003414565,0.0003745538,0.0001631553,0.00001276342],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005166482,0.0002066988,0.0001634148,0.0002322894,0.00005862442,0.00009097788,0.000009248522,0.0005587949,0.000004643886],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006084859,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000261245,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001877997,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008209562,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985757,0.000008602589,0.0004834069,0.0001355833,0.000185491,0.0006111664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998926,0.00030179,0.00005944522,0.0001726628,0.00008615482,0.000453971],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001893721,0.000009129855,0.00002772652,0.0001556868,0.00003832811,0.00003817324,0.0001418142,0.03279985,0.9663079,0.000009612394,0.0003457949,0.0001069821],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008030615,0.0000118103,0.000004942794,0.0002744244,0.00002289573,0.000117322,0.000004949062,0.03451151,0.963722,0.0001156082,0.0001770503,0.0002344613],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997805,0.0009245698,0.0006672484,0.0001802099,0.0001664631,0.0001313423,0.00001667803,0.00005233165,0.00005617145],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993721,0.00001184345,0.0002962249,0.00004753858,0.0001789388,0.00001721415,0.000006919558,0.00006671497,0.000002495483],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002585993,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8428932,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093823038","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20139","title":"CFD simulation of gas–solid bubbling fluidized bed: A new method for adjusting drag law","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Granular flow and fluidized beds","field":"Engineering","cited_by":119,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Calgary; University of Regina","funders":"Petroleum Technology Research Centre","keywords":"Drag; Fluent; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics); Drag coefficient; Work (physics); Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01313204556022989,"gpt":0.2490774331055688,"spread":0.2359453875453389,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004615395,0.0001754382,0.0003638992,0.0001633276,0.00005409264,0.00003944937,0.0002694094,0.0001201784,0.00001211379],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003074119,0.0001531868,0.0002042946,0.0002205715,0.0000190129,0.0001291641,0.000005215585,0.0003190383,7.14367e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001423446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001485236,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000294771,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005693654,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988449,0.00001123452,0.0005269177,0.00008190587,0.0001635263,0.0003715463],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989703,0.0002594294,0.00008135434,0.0001489571,0.000132085,0.0004078243],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000124482,0.000002061708,0.000001103131,0.00004115459,0.00003956528,0.000004451104,0.0002523259,0.4150701,0.5803178,0.0007623654,0.0001080287,0.003388591],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005583861,0.00002970802,0.000001365885,0.0001202621,0.00006506815,0.00003493281,0.000006535828,0.4873845,0.5102797,0.0006021975,0.0007927063,0.0001246626],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4200119,0.002767703,0.5752897,0.0006165534,0.0006575815,0.0003199522,0.00001677932,0.0001001578,0.0002197386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9702445,0.000003192151,0.02918522,0.00006822548,0.0004560465,0.000001193304,0.000003143743,0.00003638244,0.000002140852],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5502326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6246776,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2980088075","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23665","title":"Deep learning for quality prediction of nonlinear dynamic processes with variable attention‐based long short‐term memory network","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":119,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Variable (mathematics); Computer science; Soft sensor; Term (time); Nonlinear system; Relevance (law); Process (computing); Quality (philosophy); Artificial intelligence; Series (stratigraphy); Artificial neural network; Machine learning; Data mining; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005398377027922941,"gpt":0.1916412747072853,"spread":0.1862428976793623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003581817,0.0001198563,0.0002454864,0.00008313801,0.0000421443,0.00003186863,0.0001478085,0.00007796071,0.0000147563],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001030021,0.00009482084,0.00007262064,0.0002230433,0.00001903686,0.00009672008,0.000002910389,0.0002860051,8.090287e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001666976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001847104,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008865508,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003765188,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999151,0.00001346163,0.0003687552,0.00007345576,0.0001493658,0.0002439838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993342,0.0001393385,0.00008667487,0.0001090254,0.0001694964,0.0001612457],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002609317,0.000002715677,0.001509521,0.0005038987,0.00008511449,0.000001268545,0.00004592467,0.961801,0.03575778,0.000009375746,0.000006488072,0.0002508548],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005894425,0.00006700461,0.0007974218,0.0003873123,0.00005102291,0.00004098007,0.00002553907,0.9922677,0.005493298,0.000006424893,0.0001564909,0.0001174052],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8450634,0.0006512314,0.1533952,0.00002906712,0.000475129,0.0002454163,0.000008121216,0.00005292426,0.00007953747],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984893,0.000001694947,0.001236808,0.000006774352,0.0001891267,0.000009473722,0.000007854583,0.00003331398,0.0000256345],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1534259,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3866681,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}