{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":22,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":22,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"8a7df1fbd75d","filters":{"venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics"}},"results":[{"id":"W1544042013","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0254","title":"Corpus Analysis of the World Wide Web","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Lexicography and Language Studies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"World Wide Web; Computer science; Variety (cybernetics); Web standards; Quarter (Canadian coin); Population; Web page; Artificial intelligence; History; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"William H. Fletcher","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01165044583078892,"gpt":0.2211673313850941,"spread":0.2095168855543052,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003738694,0.0002824576,0.000376693,0.01244438,0.001325742,0.002623311,0.0006170524,0.0004812812,0.003081419],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02094043,0.000224401,0.0002939983,0.01671449,0.0008756108,0.001804164,0.001594283,0.0007662048,0.0009243623],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007492111,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001266241,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007068827,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0120751,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966456,0.001514575,0.0003404955,0.0003690053,0.001043335,0.000086862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.977236,0.01525103,0.0009345553,0.002339433,0.003995096,0.0002438089],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005722035,0.0005189364,0.05939117,0.003837079,0.0005032482,0.001972983,0.008282823,0.008661252,0.009776495,0.05132959,0.1236299,0.7315243],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000129781,0.0001927588,0.1260933,0.00175226,0.0005510709,0.002133812,0.01103786,0.09494299,0.02108042,0.02943427,0.712494,0.000157537],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.7164182,0.0210382,0.1054406,0.003096683,0.001601161,0.00114613,0.05978049,0.00284092,0.08863764],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.799343,0.006123303,0.09574214,0.0002208193,0.0003654049,0.001035689,0.08642877,0.0006226737,0.01011831],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01244438,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01977229,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1955654397","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0777.pub2","title":"Motivation in Second Language Acquisition","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cognitive reframing; Language acquisition; Psychology; Second-language acquisition; Goal theory; Comprehension approach; Mainstream; Linguistics; Language education; Social psychology; Pedagogy; Mathematics education","authors":[{"name":"Ema Ushioda","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01122240817555753,"gpt":0.2262129278618237,"spread":0.2149905196862661,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001389443,0.000153551,0.0002013769,0.0009400675,0.001743195,0.002931989,0.0003337376,0.0009255277,0.007809317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003083953,0.00009136253,0.0002244237,0.0007425301,0.003479568,0.001433539,0.002760078,0.001600869,0.0004630754],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002592516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002083963,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00479653,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003883698,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990433,0.0004204328,0.00003207166,0.0001077674,0.0001763925,0.0002201067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998181,0.0007682473,0.0002530408,0.00003673279,0.0002126601,0.0005482999],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008258093,0.00079367,0.1046016,0.0002959236,0.00003994591,0.00127118,0.04916242,0.0002694064,0.000584767,0.6428124,0.009477482,0.1906087],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005502801,0.0003483002,0.334435,0.001019714,0.00005116116,0.002484619,0.03979813,0.001410192,0.0006725103,0.3601155,0.2595228,0.00008706906],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.5741654,0.02474751,0.00282126,0.02700309,0.0003157585,0.00007659367,0.0001312251,0.00003323625,0.370706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9829878,0.003758425,0.0003340878,0.0006366895,0.00009963519,0.00003523839,0.00003213545,0.00001023825,0.01210588],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007809317,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02612478,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4230804557","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0500","title":"Heritage Languages and Language Policy","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Multilingual Education and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Language policy; Linguistics; Heritage language; Context (archaeology); Indigenous; Immigration; First language; Political science; Computer science; Sociology; History; Law","authors":[{"name":"Kendall A. King","is_ca":false},{"name":"Johanna Ennser‐Kananen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01727958265916026,"gpt":0.3926696186367078,"spread":0.3753900359775476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001932248,0.0002660189,0.0002232728,0.001746148,0.005233586,0.008598167,0.0009298331,0.002002171,0.02915825],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003996246,0.0001314084,0.0001464813,0.002383587,0.008195992,0.00389179,0.004047983,0.002417348,0.001595033],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01126914,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01276564,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1221335,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08151092,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976124,0.0009226312,0.00005829657,0.0001967534,0.0005958193,0.000614193],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981695,0.0006358152,0.0001549874,0.0001519981,0.0004056334,0.0004819631],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003844902,0.000009336241,0.0001900218,0.00002817237,0.000001417718,0.00004267366,0.001207211,0.0001297408,0.00002814621,0.9689441,0.02008487,0.009330532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007157866,0.000008478681,0.001448139,0.0006337694,0.000003589298,0.00008811193,0.004787466,0.0002269819,0.0001210453,0.1790296,0.8136334,0.00001231638],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.008588403,0.00918445,0.0005504978,0.0386492,0.0002655467,0.00001745697,0.0001321163,0.00003423246,0.9425781],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7432367,0.01459119,0.0009261693,0.01386151,0.0007898975,0.00005673988,0.0002915183,0.00006839308,0.226178],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1221335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2428452,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1481049903","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0119","title":"Candlin, Christopher N.","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Competency Development and Evaluation","field":"Psychology","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Commonwealth; Publishing; Applied linguistics; Library science; Research centre; Sociology; Clinical neuropsychology; Open university; Media studies; History; Political science; Pedagogy; Linguistics; Psychology; Distance education","authors":[{"name":"Rodney H. Jones","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01725101909098757,"gpt":0.2856308106252968,"spread":0.2683797915343092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001758317,0.0006696411,0.00047014,0.001700324,0.003971464,0.004415791,0.001156228,0.002377833,0.06530049],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01123097,0.0003030979,0.0002904169,0.001008973,0.001311104,0.003159647,0.002182445,0.004967979,0.02618246],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00434357,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007363409,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01796607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02292271,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998655,0.000176732,0.00006479125,0.0002501338,0.0007295365,0.000123827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9955065,0.0005444345,0.0001187443,0.0001546316,0.002533277,0.00114222],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002161356,0.000002691355,0.00004972813,0.00001581319,4.242647e-7,0.00001810805,0.00004278966,0.00001114736,0.00001090065,0.003690219,0.984897,0.01125903],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001092694,0.000001529747,0.00009252229,0.00006552953,5.304946e-7,0.00003494315,0.00007446196,0.00001546899,0.00001662858,0.0007213861,0.9989737,0.000002276887],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006501017,0.07485582,0.001000336,0.5021368,0.1455078,0.00006967111,0.000468748,0.0003219059,0.2749888],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01380589,0.03871834,0.0008073055,0.07689319,0.01903081,0.0001391188,0.0002742376,0.0002150788,0.8501161],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06530049,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2184519,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1608436198","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0630","title":"Language of Jury Instructions","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Jury Decision Making Processes","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Jury; Blame; Adversarial system; Jury trial; Hung jury; Law; Jury instructions; Context (archaeology); Political science; Psychology; Civil procedure; Social psychology; History","authors":[{"name":"Bethany K. Dumas","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0149193237685581,"gpt":0.3111204251866301,"spread":0.296201101418072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01641466,0.0009599138,0.0005891102,0.002308453,0.003081575,0.006736006,0.002205035,0.003836073,0.05906633],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1071289,0.0007840781,0.0004607623,0.001247709,0.003691683,0.004368811,0.004213839,0.005507088,0.02434062],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003261316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006867569,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002131482,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001615408,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9676862,0.02073193,0.004054316,0.00138826,0.004840577,0.001298584],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9207109,0.04579422,0.004544698,0.006629,0.02043403,0.001887077],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006615784,0.00007680817,0.0009789621,0.0009594698,0.00001657201,0.0005876887,0.009488969,0.0008901271,0.002420516,0.533525,0.2901407,0.1602536],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001018452,0.000131801,0.001020964,0.001818698,0.00002054685,0.0003834466,0.002175971,0.001728521,0.003541813,0.07816325,0.9107918,0.000121446],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.01735625,0.005270028,0.2537367,0.06361197,0.01904796,0.001786264,0.004642437,0.005162372,0.6293861],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5230256,0.005743353,0.1741066,0.03176343,0.007605688,0.00599694,0.004647909,0.003824254,0.2432862],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05906633,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1975965,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1601125040","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0040","title":"Assessment and Evaluation: Mixed Methods Research","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Evaluation and Performance Assessment","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Multimethodology; Computer science; Psychology; Mathematics education","authors":[{"name":"Carolyn E. Turner","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2818256688112279,"gpt":0.5961989653327529,"spread":0.314373296521525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.4762647,0.001927342,0.005152689,0.01064267,0.005092367,0.01281489,0.005508901,0.002851757,0.01245211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.4864238,0.001717926,0.003015414,0.01291386,0.005014853,0.006160426,0.006398277,0.002979367,0.002018641],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01587992,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03628951,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004143528,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005206942,"domain_scores_codex":[0.3200463,0.575198,0.0529901,0.009874051,0.03974264,0.002148885],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.3525847,0.4924302,0.03258153,0.0397882,0.07950201,0.003113196],"domain_codex":"methods","domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001684672,0.002217855,0.008720358,0.07735032,0.002483705,0.0002238276,0.01617551,0.002059213,0.0009118037,0.03800358,0.01089719,0.839272],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005872655,0.01388643,0.02716596,0.4304935,0.005581769,0.0007968729,0.05166042,0.02433291,0.01044806,0.1328009,0.2960462,0.0009143063],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"protocol","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.0369102,0.05820308,0.4181848,0.00840843,0.002015716,0.425461,0.004521266,0.0007790675,0.04551652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1341318,0.01358566,0.4051822,0.002842846,0.0005196355,0.4398558,0.0009704116,0.0002745669,0.002636967],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4762647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6458589,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4244012676","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0526","title":"Immersion Programs","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Second Language Learning and Teaching","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Immersion (mathematics); French immersion; Mathematics education; Psychology; Linguistics; Computer science; Mathematics; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Siv Björklund","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01606148569546082,"gpt":0.2229437548128998,"spread":0.206882269117439,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008976182,0.0004659911,0.000292337,0.0009725324,0.001650105,0.002069541,0.001427232,0.0006943369,0.2058416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003608942,0.000147114,0.000661133,0.001041053,0.0005300804,0.001870528,0.007876398,0.001765618,0.03142457],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001576798,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004932146,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002630425,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005536398,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988936,0.0002371063,0.00004209685,0.0001428539,0.0002949538,0.0003893621],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966553,0.0002127696,0.00010803,0.0001559949,0.0005260214,0.002341886],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004071621,0.002596657,0.004245061,0.0008553701,0.00003550591,0.0003914956,0.003949826,0.0004410118,0.001397347,0.04305454,0.2645114,0.6781145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001373411,0.0007617418,0.008693306,0.0005481226,0.00002219145,0.0004572426,0.003090732,0.0002707363,0.001131604,0.01004471,0.9748209,0.00002124528],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.07613852,0.002863443,0.0144698,0.00766649,0.00266972,0.001582717,0.003824052,0.001857123,0.8889282],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2900399,0.004008202,0.009943924,0.005158072,0.001035135,0.001857303,0.004908465,0.0007845646,0.6822644],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2058416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6886087,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1516867530","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0118","title":"Canada's Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Canadian Identity and History","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Parliament; Biculturalism; Neuroscience of multilingualism; Political science; Public administration; Language policy; Commission; Government (linguistics); Language planning; Law; Linguistics; Politics","authors":[{"name":"Sylvie A. Lamoureux","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006352962620570795,"gpt":0.2252050463634047,"spread":0.2188520837428339,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005021698,0.0008358032,0.000729421,0.00390952,0.01456135,0.01535054,0.002315318,0.003172541,0.05478322],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0139496,0.0006008733,0.000418498,0.005150529,0.004087602,0.002096804,0.002511042,0.003508498,0.009463968],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.09714676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.4673354,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9908991,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9907197,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9856011,0.000573786,0.0003937808,0.0008861053,0.008547302,0.003997909],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9732741,0.00147801,0.0005743162,0.0009248482,0.01820655,0.005542296],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002171774,0.00002278143,0.0008936804,0.0001008509,0.000003956701,0.00009845355,0.0008354278,0.00008403529,0.0001932838,0.06846857,0.8952442,0.034033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004582789,0.000002818763,0.001790151,0.00006606845,0.000002600741,0.00001641319,0.0003991427,0.00005785483,0.00009404156,0.0006873256,0.9968641,0.00001492329],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.005999747,0.008202531,0.001233092,0.06944489,0.00701843,0.0003379426,0.01475162,0.0007460844,0.8922657],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.04661917,0.00504608,0.002574521,0.009091445,0.0007133198,0.000110917,0.004191702,0.0003788731,0.931274],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9028533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7048523,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4231931983","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0087","title":"Bialystok, Ellen","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cognitive flexibility; Cognition; Neuroscience of multilingualism; Flexibility (engineering); Psychology; Set (abstract data type); Cognitive linguistics; Cognitive science; Function (biology); Executive functions; Linguistics; Cognitive psychology; Computer science; Philosophy; Neuroscience","authors":[{"name":"Gigi Luk","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01925092444298331,"gpt":0.2601555269811032,"spread":0.2409046025381198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003602988,0.0005345552,0.0003022749,0.001197655,0.001408703,0.002600615,0.0004578029,0.0007716424,0.1737077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001533189,0.000155013,0.0001463978,0.0007426501,0.0005664188,0.00183825,0.001564795,0.00155632,0.08213605],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001450953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001567603,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004348408,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00996078,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996681,0.00003171582,0.00001851326,0.0001130141,0.0001306547,0.0000380646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995409,0.00006520295,0.00002442519,0.00002507393,0.0001630897,0.000181334],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000471102,0.00003374323,0.0003221871,0.0002050465,0.000003059358,0.0002938877,0.0003022473,0.00007887653,0.000662979,0.01809403,0.7673977,0.212559],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001309856,0.000003468716,0.0002688675,0.00007613091,0.000001088073,0.0002293893,0.000104545,0.0000270895,0.0002147364,0.001701463,0.9973693,0.00000269805],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.003744163,0.07712127,0.00166042,0.05000395,0.01718633,0.00005045548,0.001596432,0.0003497062,0.8482872],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01297267,0.02330302,0.0006920346,0.002908189,0.001066876,0.00003241817,0.000363494,0.0002003127,0.958461],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8262923,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5811101,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4246960969","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal1075","title":"Snow, Catherine","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Categorization, perception, and language","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Snow; Psychology; Art history; Art; Geography; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"M. Susan Burns","is_ca":false},{"name":"Arieh Sherris","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01136254133795462,"gpt":0.2754444367111013,"spread":0.2640818953731467,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006204466,0.0007105952,0.0003142018,0.001051512,0.002597574,0.004094267,0.0006082994,0.001066955,0.2025141],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004006358,0.0002263025,0.0002356282,0.0006663469,0.0007979844,0.002946357,0.002242976,0.002586412,0.07313953],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001703758,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001909728,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005606048,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01361376,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993953,0.00008713271,0.00002759706,0.0001742855,0.0002464814,0.00006919511],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987324,0.0001538962,0.00005030785,0.00008183318,0.0004919581,0.0004895478],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005619126,0.000005972875,0.00007138183,0.0000367411,7.447636e-7,0.00005109434,0.0001556147,0.00001041997,0.00005436044,0.004473313,0.9654859,0.02964885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[6.230398e-7,0.000001673343,0.0001100454,0.000058644,4.773588e-7,0.00007510101,0.000154974,0.000006046451,0.00002643156,0.0005990444,0.9989657,0.000001320943],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.001214376,0.04394114,0.0008470411,0.1109462,0.06190301,0.00004252021,0.0008281133,0.0003374777,0.7799401],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.007919848,0.01455132,0.0003559572,0.01182313,0.004446036,0.00003910001,0.0001663195,0.0002307775,0.9604675],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2025141,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6774771,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410749379","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal20308","title":"Multiculturalism and Multilingualism as Ideology","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Multilingual Education and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Multiculturalism; Multilingualism; Ideology; Linguistics; Sociology; Political science; Philosophy; Pedagogy; Law","authors":[{"name":"Ryūko Kubota","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0194468853226842,"gpt":0.39223406873536,"spread":0.3727871834126759,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004059916,0.0002953511,0.0002680549,0.001812435,0.007658652,0.009994949,0.0007633614,0.001748973,0.002603841],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0024814,0.0001391614,0.0002469137,0.001260278,0.04194332,0.004575245,0.007478135,0.00330677,0.0002045005],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.009043048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005897746,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01184333,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01294731,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9957713,0.002605333,0.00007918986,0.0002331914,0.0006112576,0.0006997241],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960324,0.00193732,0.000488844,0.0002289082,0.0005180154,0.0007945125],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000072782,0.00001166602,0.0007163589,0.00002589225,0.0000026748,0.0001096654,0.03470075,0.00005565798,0.0000678877,0.95937,0.001237432,0.00369481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000178827,0.00004404482,0.003251653,0.0005621624,0.00001267933,0.0002741522,0.07237789,0.0005334587,0.0003876911,0.6821893,0.2403177,0.00003125468],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.1718586,0.01948098,0.004421905,0.0518785,0.0009358044,0.0000206454,0.0000331136,0.00002538774,0.7513452],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913625,0.001552958,0.0004008502,0.001252283,0.0002423303,0.00001019481,0.000005706414,0.000008610973,0.005164602],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01184333,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06561226,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390026296","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0192.pub3","title":"Content‐Based Instruction as a Pedagogical Framework","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Second Language Learning and Teaching","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Foreign language; Mathematics education; Theme (computing); Language acquisition; Pedagogy; Content and language integrated learning; Psychology; World Wide Web","authors":[{"name":"Marguerite Ann Snow","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0666429911479159,"gpt":0.2893296656906046,"spread":0.2226866745426887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00338908,0.0007905354,0.0004627129,0.004112487,0.002156209,0.01083118,0.003041312,0.002097327,0.009189742],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00280016,0.0002954057,0.0004274491,0.002635255,0.009260315,0.005810846,0.004237597,0.003383688,0.001966543],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008347541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007526362,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00613628,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007546449,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974437,0.001463295,0.000124972,0.0001962889,0.0006104409,0.0001613637],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971125,0.001511697,0.0001072911,0.0002768354,0.00055139,0.0004401999],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003264337,0.00005023646,0.0001210426,0.0001584532,0.000002850308,0.00005435878,0.001510967,0.001018351,0.0002329735,0.9539428,0.005346056,0.03755861],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001160376,0.00002939222,0.0003219961,0.001194873,0.000009809949,0.0001369934,0.00289755,0.006924918,0.0008828008,0.5048144,0.4827549,0.00002075095],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00727456,0.008593273,0.2964492,0.01893253,0.0007083706,0.00031939,0.0002753592,0.001047995,0.6663993],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4788369,0.0123307,0.3799236,0.00288018,0.0006154702,0.001281621,0.001029861,0.0007131305,0.1223885],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01083118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06056595,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1559137181","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0371","title":"Endangered Languages in Canada","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Endangered species; Indigenous; Variety (cybernetics); Linguistics; Geography; Genealogy; Computer science; History; Biology; Ecology; Artificial intelligence; Philosophy; Habitat","authors":[{"name":"Donna Patrick","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01089165368194588,"gpt":0.266049763033361,"spread":0.2551581093514151,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003100153,0.0002596932,0.0002453002,0.003137446,0.006610393,0.002122322,0.00107133,0.0003876954,0.01053206],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009734808,0.0001505249,0.0002041768,0.006399405,0.001478642,0.0005060657,0.001432854,0.000651133,0.0007725467],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02633457,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.05671718,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9959317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9984937,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991438,0.00004427787,0.00002312075,0.00008339834,0.0003169366,0.0003884196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988129,0.00007072842,0.00009713775,0.00003430748,0.0007000284,0.0002849246],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003123966,0.0001368821,0.3047948,0.001157734,0.000127287,0.01292496,0.06203215,0.002206337,0.006911031,0.08557116,0.1264945,0.3973307],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001627496,0.00002886351,0.5395069,0.0006275754,0.00005289093,0.001993176,0.04715928,0.0007025757,0.001011578,0.002920029,0.4058886,0.00009220024],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.7481125,0.01023569,0.0008890348,0.004233393,0.0001899008,0.000120053,0.01104339,0.0001656597,0.2250104],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9400086,0.003592872,0.001117572,0.0005367228,0.00001333733,0.00002771102,0.002386107,0.00004546295,0.05227155],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02633457,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1910716,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1911535290","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0990","title":"Quebec Charter of the French Language and Canadian Language Policy","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"French; Charter; Government (linguistics); Language policy; Political science; Minority language; Public administration; Linguistics; Law","authors":[{"name":"François Vaillancourt","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007547980331900345,"gpt":0.2603075754848295,"spread":0.2527595951529291,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002442967,0.000485672,0.0004258355,0.004072365,0.00931637,0.006610804,0.001219164,0.001866884,0.02335261],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005193382,0.0003156391,0.0004935535,0.005046348,0.002146697,0.001183977,0.001031825,0.002197282,0.0008922538],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.1598242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.2269166,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9978764,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9982261,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967513,0.0004765139,0.0001058433,0.0002825395,0.001248538,0.00113518],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9916089,0.001210137,0.0003442055,0.0002029585,0.005231365,0.001402367],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008861519,0.00005111895,0.008856894,0.0003020399,0.00004697058,0.0004319196,0.002938339,0.001398462,0.0005046008,0.489721,0.4351764,0.06048359],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002123669,0.00001123126,0.03097656,0.0003070847,0.0000228859,0.00008137913,0.00157547,0.0007557425,0.0002122775,0.003428544,0.9625372,0.00007031495],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.06163067,0.03594978,0.001984733,0.1322142,0.002313478,0.0002000772,0.01350154,0.0004266694,0.7517788],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5759355,0.01388356,0.003907346,0.01277552,0.0004865579,0.0001955837,0.002747623,0.0001560464,0.3899122],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1598242,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9744849,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4235002720","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0497","title":"Heller, Monica","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Multilingual Education and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Anthropology; History; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Melissa G. Moyer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mireille McLaughlin","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03347561812589822,"gpt":0.3828453941421086,"spread":0.3493697760162104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005648467,0.0006226134,0.0003529367,0.001478937,0.003693698,0.003840601,0.0006527323,0.001001883,0.1959333],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002351461,0.0002426572,0.0001775837,0.001336778,0.001242048,0.001983091,0.001684926,0.002035441,0.05569439],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006054052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004108275,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08131535,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1609834,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994181,0.00006453773,0.00002222678,0.0001699367,0.0002146362,0.0001104618],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990659,0.0001146191,0.00004293938,0.00007926948,0.0003617936,0.0003354268],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001336535,0.000008301222,0.0002091365,0.00005279107,0.000001383949,0.0001155716,0.0003033444,0.00003312857,0.00009310623,0.01388737,0.9347948,0.05048756],"study_design_scores_gemma":[8.009504e-7,0.000001022727,0.0002819561,0.0000341473,5.53198e-7,0.00005447483,0.0001336513,0.0000147814,0.00006017555,0.0006332497,0.9987832,0.000002009821],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.002413004,0.03335426,0.0007530451,0.08295787,0.01576189,0.00003642094,0.002110303,0.0006268094,0.8619865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01093312,0.004927905,0.000204252,0.002505168,0.0008711788,0.00001306173,0.0002267817,0.0001926261,0.980126],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1959333,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.655462,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416917582","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0802.pub3","title":"Multilingualism and Metalinguistic Awareness","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"","field":"","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Multilingualism; Neuroscience of multilingualism; Metalinguistic awareness; Metalinguistics; Affect (linguistics); Cognition","authors":[{"name":"Cristina Sanz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Linxi Zhang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01161585104758194,"gpt":0.2806178097171315,"spread":0.2690019586695496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006141291,0.0000973615,0.0001434547,0.0009219385,0.0005149804,0.001905414,0.0001943404,0.0001996298,0.01182856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006141517,0.00006163538,0.00009164183,0.001026577,0.001254084,0.001255068,0.001370713,0.000472372,0.0004866118],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009605802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009319937,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008580925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01102455,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996226,0.000136977,0.00002685745,0.0000595953,0.0001066225,0.00004740819],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9946362,0.003316456,0.0007726973,0.0001899311,0.0007323307,0.0003523501],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006223716,0.0002185617,0.3431705,0.001871029,0.0001316586,0.004977129,0.0662441,0.0004364473,0.005348061,0.2836471,0.0501973,0.2431358],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002009824,0.00007121878,0.7502774,0.001025559,0.00007493705,0.002731505,0.03126104,0.0004240633,0.002658198,0.0713288,0.1400817,0.00004544698],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.5539783,0.01240224,0.0013604,0.01257043,0.0002033428,0.00002750694,0.0007716477,0.0001158602,0.4185704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913586,0.001178941,0.0002042101,0.0002625167,0.00002943087,0.000005589054,0.00007898644,0.00001950269,0.006862186],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01182856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03957051,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4253194892","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal1340","title":"Norton, Bonny","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Literacy; Sociology; Library science; Media studies; Pedagogy; Psychology; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Christina Higgins","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01606961456213275,"gpt":0.2279685730634193,"spread":0.2118989585012865,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004723935,0.0006773056,0.0003746679,0.001194971,0.002824945,0.003298575,0.0003703845,0.001003056,0.3924364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015874,0.0002371009,0.000160122,0.0008965202,0.0006991576,0.002388779,0.001585154,0.002175123,0.1177419],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001951552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001662755,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007395687,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02489542,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995322,0.00005513921,0.00001712784,0.0001404138,0.000183413,0.00007165925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999329,0.00009873707,0.0000224569,0.00003461733,0.0002177362,0.0002973701],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000178876,0.00001212607,0.0001576707,0.00003769664,7.535946e-7,0.0001389095,0.0001114931,0.00004582589,0.0001047579,0.01062568,0.919175,0.06957214],"study_design_scores_gemma":[8.751439e-7,0.00000228126,0.0001593848,0.00004327012,2.99824e-7,0.00008042216,0.00006473062,0.00002059525,0.00004730607,0.0005460418,0.9990325,0.000002253457],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.001566404,0.01393432,0.0005975053,0.02961082,0.02073203,0.00003607451,0.0009739409,0.0002870147,0.9322619],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004868732,0.003005509,0.0002091881,0.001940755,0.000693974,0.00002068203,0.0001574274,0.0001864486,0.9889172],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6075636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8666158,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4324355159","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0040.pub2","title":"Assessment and Evaluation: Mixed Methods Research","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Interpreting and Communication in Healthcare","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Rasch model; Set (abstract data type); Context (archaeology); Construct (python library); Task (project management); Focus group; Computer science; Applied psychology; Psychology; Exploratory research; Developmental psychology","authors":[{"name":"Carolyn E. Turner","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1893136780121584,"gpt":0.5945422519124821,"spread":0.4052285739003237,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.5108237,0.002068828,0.005619842,0.01070544,0.00582887,0.01316526,0.006378902,0.003297534,0.01400683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.5138757,0.002125935,0.003764174,0.01283276,0.005483189,0.006421245,0.007275362,0.003442824,0.002476377],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01788742,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.04417782,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004504108,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005702265,"domain_scores_codex":[0.298918,0.5891094,0.05858397,0.01014458,0.04076565,0.002478303],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.3424413,0.4761291,0.03519487,0.04438155,0.09836181,0.00349136],"domain_codex":"methods","domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002177436,0.002544473,0.008428178,0.08754145,0.002650131,0.0002633116,0.02141203,0.00203386,0.001085596,0.03502157,0.0127955,0.8240466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00746818,0.01522526,0.02389755,0.4635401,0.005525318,0.0007528142,0.05396596,0.01901186,0.009802894,0.1070803,0.29275,0.0009797974],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"protocol","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.03190414,0.04091515,0.3255838,0.007083269,0.001854897,0.5512546,0.004107663,0.0007462472,0.03655019],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0995358,0.009215732,0.3417454,0.002574129,0.0004258682,0.5432879,0.0009109164,0.0002411399,0.002063008],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5108237,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6032416,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1536587366","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal1466","title":"Relational Strategies in World Englishes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Commonwealth; Globe; Lingua franca; Variety (cybernetics); World Englishes; Geography; Range (aeronautics); Population; Linguistics; Political science; Computer science; Sociology; Artificial intelligence; Psychology; Engineering; Demography; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Stefanie Stadler","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03999816822618832,"gpt":0.2694071911154857,"spread":0.2294090228892973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002121981,0.0005014574,0.0002443069,0.00185792,0.003463543,0.01031874,0.0005443217,0.0009858124,0.01143164],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003764768,0.0002078201,0.0002141479,0.001228744,0.009047117,0.008166586,0.003888218,0.001093518,0.001003209],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002833341,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001082546,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00526179,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005473096,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975116,0.001517837,0.0001021223,0.0002598887,0.0003285933,0.0002799693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978551,0.001025979,0.0003667808,0.0002338216,0.0002664659,0.0002518992],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002119621,0.00003393187,0.001572049,0.00007020708,0.00001311026,0.0005716019,0.2421394,0.00009838597,0.0006351119,0.7389002,0.002117306,0.01382753],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003496356,0.00003919679,0.003479122,0.0002863827,0.00002785476,0.0008462849,0.3837058,0.001008592,0.0009887711,0.1950086,0.4145344,0.00003999924],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.2101226,0.002589042,0.008107684,0.004066934,0.0001080215,0.00005267234,0.00009722392,0.0001010661,0.7747548],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9797076,0.0005819587,0.00101591,0.0001788689,0.00001906428,0.00001851545,0.00004184883,0.00003638824,0.01839985],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01143164,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03824264,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416917807","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal20545","title":"Language and Gendered Violence in the Legal System","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"","field":"","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Statutory law; Domestic violence; Ideology; Sexual violence; Common law; Law reform; Poison control","authors":[{"name":"Susan Ehrlich","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006740006496428346,"gpt":0.2419794279319641,"spread":0.2352394214355357,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001516911,0.0002044547,0.0002391377,0.002440441,0.004347824,0.01015831,0.0006582095,0.001076124,0.00698134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002366148,0.0001276157,0.00008665495,0.0025249,0.02288328,0.004368701,0.003559024,0.001318243,0.0007817537],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006010314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002782262,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01685677,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01483293,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973513,0.001830464,0.00007826924,0.0001556616,0.0003582131,0.0002260808],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976869,0.001524443,0.0002822793,0.0001353088,0.0002470452,0.0001241025],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000627455,0.00001240292,0.0007903395,0.000068049,0.00000226229,0.0001846357,0.07326238,0.00006870421,0.0001555033,0.9132175,0.003922865,0.00830905],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001048219,0.00002012294,0.007314916,0.001139357,0.000009647179,0.0005543979,0.1892733,0.0005993662,0.0007175701,0.3087713,0.4915497,0.00003987141],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.07995,0.01645237,0.001982291,0.01733443,0.0002074326,0.00001418966,0.0001289409,0.00004608735,0.8838842],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9761229,0.004204931,0.0004391731,0.0008663053,0.0001053877,0.00001887376,0.00004023589,0.00003198741,0.01817018],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01685677,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04360807,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1553600547","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal1149","title":"Teaching a Third Language","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Linguistics; History; Psychology; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Ulrike Jessner","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01308142101437571,"gpt":0.243048654396925,"spread":0.2299672333825493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007882223,0.0003688712,0.0002232605,0.0005619432,0.002203588,0.003127845,0.000853025,0.0007394426,0.04419996],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001923224,0.0001092395,0.0006668628,0.0004691381,0.001818387,0.001565902,0.002370755,0.001965155,0.00589681],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005793978,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005768746,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01826236,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03594349,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999386,0.00009031781,0.00001669606,0.0001166043,0.0002490358,0.0001414522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988918,0.0002383242,0.00006708792,0.0001594206,0.0002304729,0.00041304],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003637043,0.0007203134,0.00552171,0.000373668,0.000022513,0.002217194,0.03349368,0.000560645,0.02287989,0.3999763,0.1762278,0.3576425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003818097,0.0001313832,0.002842689,0.0002665275,0.00002271812,0.001128509,0.004678924,0.0004966768,0.0157879,0.02915209,0.9454229,0.00003156078],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0581711,0.002150183,0.01259799,0.007179811,0.001930726,0.00007065536,0.00035374,0.0007489405,0.9167969],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4758748,0.001598752,0.01175676,0.003589426,0.0001991758,0.0001055739,0.0003013319,0.000359278,0.5062149],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04419996,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1478636,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4248117591","doi":"10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0357","title":"Edwards, John","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Educational Theory and Curriculum Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Art","authors":[{"name":"Hans J. Ladegaard","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01406985042567016,"gpt":0.2963513635390874,"spread":0.2822815131134172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006518793,0.0005268586,0.0003484483,0.001185241,0.002254559,0.003109209,0.0004623549,0.000992947,0.1861825],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004891973,0.0001880879,0.0001937303,0.0006365955,0.0006938229,0.001715088,0.001087596,0.00193608,0.07555635],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001586048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002257762,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007469628,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01648294,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993411,0.00007367328,0.00002930929,0.0001275677,0.0003672678,0.00006104154],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979721,0.0002278325,0.00005445713,0.0001034371,0.001176672,0.0004654814],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005119712,0.00000343615,0.00005727332,0.0000278803,6.350264e-7,0.00003923255,0.00005225773,0.00001545163,0.00004079702,0.006179349,0.9640688,0.02950978],"study_design_scores_gemma":[6.982466e-7,0.000001541373,0.00008860265,0.00004022923,4.117919e-7,0.00005011175,0.00004933291,0.000009231339,0.00003134152,0.000753995,0.9989731,0.000001400727],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008948398,0.02925071,0.0009740954,0.09377927,0.06506371,0.00004793581,0.0006443525,0.0002718973,0.8090733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.005910233,0.007582379,0.0002882994,0.00406815,0.003082328,0.00001707125,0.000101353,0.0001119382,0.9788384],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8138175,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6228426,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}