{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":27,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":27,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"5f97102f14a0","filters":{"venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education"}},"results":[{"id":"W2110740376","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2013.876231","title":"Application of Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling to Evaluate the Academic Motivation Scale","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Education, Achievement, and Giftedness","field":"Psychology","cited_by":216,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Université Laval","funders":"Australian Research Council; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Structural equation modeling; Confirmatory factor analysis; Exploratory factor analysis; Psychology; Scale (ratio); Convergent validity; Construct validity; Social psychology; Psychometrics; Mathematics; Statistics; Developmental psychology","authors":[{"name":"Frédéric Guay","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alexandre J. S. Morin","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Litalien","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pierre Valois","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert J. Vallerand","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06981622018518617,"gpt":0.4106200977916678,"spread":0.3408038776064816,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001761004,0.0001158347,0.000135345,0.0001324493,0.0001820772,0.00001490725,0.0003718919,0.00006108419,0.00008951397],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001105884,0.00007379829,0.00005278744,0.0002514958,0.00005986843,0.0002720582,0.00002476972,0.0002062709,0.00002326937],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001391649,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001367575,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001409403,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000044983,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983308,0.0004764004,0.0005889264,0.0001182364,0.0003531815,0.0001324927],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985901,0.0001653128,0.0004987878,0.0003227258,0.000359235,0.00006384632],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006871376,0.0008058193,0.041106,0.00002888904,0.0001296508,2.194913e-8,0.3081955,0.01328824,0.5786136,0.01737055,0.003057734,0.0367168],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002526928,0.00148583,0.1946408,0.0002803863,0.000443348,0.00005956072,0.4557727,0.05609176,0.263145,0.02377616,0.001064955,0.0007125466],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.964074,0.0006459017,0.03141695,0.001325049,0.001784094,0.0004021475,9.507972e-7,0.000007630285,0.0003432859],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983047,0.00001289838,0.0002873214,0.000458198,0.0007744895,0.00006363741,0.00001281142,0.00001631327,0.0000696229],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3154686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3009407,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2995558725","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2019.1703095","title":"Brief Research Report: Sense of Belonging and Academic Help-Seeking as Self-Regulated Learning","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"COVID-19 and Mental Health","field":"Psychology","cited_by":111,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Help-seeking; Psychology; Self-efficacy; Structural equation modeling; Social psychology; Value (mathematics); Perception; Self-regulated learning; Psychology of self; Mathematics education; Computer science; Mental health","authors":[{"name":"Sungjun Won","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lauren Hensley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher A. Wolters","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06712466130342416,"gpt":0.4960421331293846,"spread":0.4289174718259605,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002566362,0.00008393898,0.0001655475,0.0002054026,0.0001552886,0.00001178718,0.0001118495,0.00007893384,0.0002849156],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007913875,0.00006607245,0.00003910701,0.0002117896,0.00007081498,0.0001300373,0.00005808449,0.0006379188,0.00003722913],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003262798,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005565453,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008409891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001783951,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983552,0.0004708169,0.0004817769,0.0001260238,0.0003492545,0.0002169975],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987783,0.0002954392,0.0005017308,0.0001796751,0.0001420772,0.0001027595],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009304336,0.0006898976,0.04423745,0.00009742683,0.0001361134,0.00002923298,0.1369716,0.00002764313,0.8047186,0.00180104,0.001678099,0.008682427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003968579,0.004529539,0.154517,0.001469716,0.0001672299,0.01438526,0.4456509,0.0003340528,0.3314955,0.001191389,0.04176198,0.0005288196],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9876013,0.007969621,0.000008674414,0.0006725089,0.001038814,0.000254272,2.272175e-7,0.000009646389,0.002444935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975196,0.0001741219,0.00007273542,0.0001479334,0.0002569672,0.000003214419,0.000002911086,0.00001635548,0.00180619],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4732231,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3119625,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2936061719","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2019.1578724","title":"Teacher-Student Interactions and Teacher Interpersonal Styles: A State Space Grid Analysis","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Educational Environments and Student Outcomes","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","keywords":"Interpersonal communication; Psychology; Interpersonal relationship; Moment (physics); Style (visual arts); Space (punctuation); Social psychology; Perception; Mathematics education; Computer science; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Helena J. M. Pennings","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tom Hollenstein","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01289107554471806,"gpt":0.3764737981004523,"spread":0.3635827225557343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006341716,0.000085213,0.0001434595,0.0001310458,0.0002186055,0.00008060256,0.0002087207,0.00001961462,0.001617043],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003028826,0.00005956115,0.00009857242,0.0001685183,0.0001102552,0.000311871,0.00004055529,0.0001670998,0.0000265552],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000337722,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001786954,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008343861,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001410485,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989241,0.0002197999,0.0002366364,0.00008842137,0.0004113321,0.000119718],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993962,0.0001033597,0.0002595082,0.0001017989,0.00004586876,0.00009323963],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000951033,0.002155175,0.5979083,0.000003574575,0.0008739308,3.507687e-7,0.3851175,0.00007057694,0.004803236,0.001929677,0.005217962,0.001824622],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002195505,0.00009757603,0.3510209,0.00002207911,0.0002160532,0.000007598368,0.6159847,0.00002292607,0.0002704129,0.00005808883,0.0319692,0.0001108565],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.985361,0.001037754,0.00002055489,0.003990019,0.0008467953,0.0001431046,0.000001219071,0.000004022194,0.008595572],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9833416,0.0001852628,0.0001144816,0.0002433596,0.0003526379,0.0000054435,0.000002483932,0.00000613776,0.01574856],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2468874,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992956,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2020656820","doi":"10.1080/00220970009600643","title":"Using Wherry's Adjusted <i>R</i> <sup>2</sup> and Mallow's <i> C <sub>p</sub> </i> for Model Selection From All Possible Regressions","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Stepwise regression; Selection (genetic algorithm); Mathematics; Statistics; Statistic; Regression analysis; Model selection; Linear regression; Regression; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Stephen Olejnik","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jamie D. Mills","is_ca":false},{"name":"H. J. Keselman","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1287084126086777,"gpt":0.4274283359438715,"spread":0.2987199233351937,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000364698,0.0001552411,0.0002341829,0.00004997326,0.0002175391,0.00003412891,0.0001152543,0.00007129455,0.00004745878],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001148335,0.0001109315,0.00007042107,0.00007888584,0.00005630557,0.0003123909,0.00001877502,0.0001754499,9.695696e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001217476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001559701,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002927724,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002709268,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989191,0.0001448985,0.0004246153,0.0001356473,0.0001915711,0.0001841631],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989278,0.0004118599,0.0002720698,0.0001342024,0.0001293181,0.0001247614],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006979004,0.0007073489,0.000008028846,0.00002460805,0.00007816986,5.146732e-7,0.006863224,0.01311295,0.9417135,0.003901909,0.003348668,0.02954323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00113745,0.0003035959,0.00001193749,0.0002731111,0.0003011958,0.0001354312,0.004431902,0.3872548,0.3577991,0.247845,0.0002592784,0.0002471535],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7419262,0.0008982657,0.2564329,0.000180511,0.00009202948,0.0002579363,0.00001609841,0.00001103953,0.0001850699],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5235258,0.0001799397,0.4755295,0.0003081343,0.0002136799,0.00001534467,0.000004841218,0.00003171243,0.0001910385],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5839143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4523654,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017217841","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2013.795127","title":"The “None of the Above” Option in Multiple-Choice Testing: An Experimental Study","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Student Assessment and Feedback","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Multiple choice; Test (biology); Incentive; Actuarial science; Psychology; Social psychology; Economics; Statistics; Mathematics; Significant difference; Microeconomics","authors":[{"name":"David DiBattista","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jo-Anne Sinnige-Egger","is_ca":true},{"name":"Glenda Fortuna","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06713802323590551,"gpt":0.4146081031901835,"spread":0.347470079954278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001167002,0.00009449516,0.0001161885,0.00004670685,0.0006329976,0.0001056636,0.0006579173,0.00003139783,0.0000769732],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003178297,0.00004922003,0.00005235305,0.0002997528,0.0002381363,0.0005516217,0.0000658018,0.0001666443,0.000005711296],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002466532,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002612048,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005661093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004649181,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981611,0.0006049947,0.0004100112,0.00007950999,0.0005762841,0.0001680466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985186,0.0005706628,0.0004791113,0.0001989591,0.0001745919,0.0000580241],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001019721,0.006896893,0.3873582,0.000001668653,0.00003680075,1.716258e-7,0.266033,0.00003163016,0.3357962,0.0006726721,0.0008678819,0.002202958],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005033895,0.0004090065,0.4162419,0.00002334324,0.0000131969,0.000002219643,0.5672147,0.00004559636,0.01516906,0.00009068561,0.0002236711,0.00006322387],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945312,0.0008732248,0.000001189353,0.0006721889,0.001098615,0.0007501912,1.951967e-7,0.000004789475,0.002068369],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990702,0.00001872769,0.00009479665,0.00006038756,0.000401019,0.00003596951,3.195051e-7,0.000008168397,0.0003104586],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3206271,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8557916,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2138561097","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2015.1054333","title":"Concordance Between Preservice Teachers' Personal Responsibilities and Intended Instructional Practices","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports","field":"Psychology","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Concordance; Psychology; Teacher education; Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Medical education; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Lia M. Daniels","is_ca":true},{"name":"Amanda I. Radil","is_ca":true},{"name":"Amanda K. Wagner","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08134041284753805,"gpt":0.4059318502237769,"spread":0.3245914373762388,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009784139,0.00008665128,0.000124949,0.00007344405,0.00007985216,0.00003125875,0.00015019,0.00004794854,0.0005608274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002708231,0.00006254316,0.00002900549,0.00008430443,0.0001598635,0.0004126388,0.00002822138,0.0002264747,0.00001074142],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000114421,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003502854,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002309827,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004043673,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998904,0.0003275055,0.0003208853,0.00009549901,0.0002567545,0.00009533118],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985546,0.0002196084,0.0007479734,0.0001221133,0.0002415554,0.0001141116],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002211561,0.0008765899,0.2153938,0.00001131673,0.0002449002,0.00000293421,0.7073266,0.00000277997,0.003861771,0.007230181,0.04777446,0.01506312],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001076703,0.0005072549,0.1888923,0.00003675239,0.00004779805,0.0006328895,0.7684616,0.000003607396,0.001633866,0.001082089,0.03749697,0.0001281196],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9859163,0.002762058,0.00001849523,0.001843422,0.001364713,0.0001132756,0.000001983673,0.000007848961,0.007971897],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956003,0.00000969886,0.0007062082,0.0003982815,0.0006933695,0.000007027886,0.000004573176,0.000008229109,0.00257228],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06113509,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6140667,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043035035","doi":"10.3200/jexe.77.4.311-338","title":"Grading Scheme, Test Difficulty, and the Immediate Feedback Assessment Technique","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Student Assessment and Feedback","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"Brock University","keywords":"Grading (engineering); Scheme (mathematics); Multiple choice; Test (biology); Classification scheme; Mathematics education; Psychology; Machine learning; Computer science; Significant difference; Mathematics; Statistics; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"David DiBattista","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jo-Anne Sinnige-Egger","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bela Candale","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kim Sargeson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01557128346648528,"gpt":0.3774555524268169,"spread":0.3618842689603316,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001556055,0.00009211191,0.000134782,0.00005019953,0.0005648315,0.0001291549,0.00032022,0.00003726952,0.00005777784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009085482,0.00004988147,0.00006116223,0.0001720111,0.0002845362,0.0002760932,0.00002999275,0.000196838,0.000002893159],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000181325,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002429966,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001063044,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004934454,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998884,0.0002196904,0.00026454,0.00006656718,0.0004128201,0.0001524031],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999148,0.0002686538,0.0003162761,0.00009860756,0.00009647806,0.00007205392],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000293551,0.002368676,0.01589164,0.000006346241,0.00009150386,0.000001654085,0.1354458,0.000002060193,0.7497276,0.06706474,0.01870096,0.01040548],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005598745,0.001231506,0.3095335,0.000318343,0.0002570171,0.0001390519,0.5796353,0.00007311132,0.07442816,0.01421256,0.01390829,0.0006644456],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.946436,0.002724805,0.00009852963,0.01908639,0.0008155393,0.000664401,5.126671e-7,0.00001657283,0.03015728],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969073,0.0006223869,0.001133625,0.0004100755,0.0005295275,0.00001245677,8.62586e-7,0.000004969049,0.0003787901],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6752995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4344284,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076180180","doi":"10.3200/jexe.74.2.107-136","title":"Teaching and Assessing Deductive Reasoning Skills","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","field":"Psychology","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Syllogism; Categorical variable; Deductive reasoning; Mathematics education; Logical reasoning; Psychology; Mental model; Computer science; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Statistics; Epistemology; Cognitive science","authors":[{"name":"Jacqueline P. Leighton","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01337093449961936,"gpt":0.3966001990225482,"spread":0.3832292645229288,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004420897,0.00006784041,0.00008024562,0.00005546413,0.0002370697,0.00004822619,0.00007138873,0.00002422587,0.00009370042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005236387,0.00004629812,0.00002272435,0.00005129308,0.00005932556,0.0002459562,0.00001505831,0.0002594659,0.000007799491],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003861646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006308317,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003853418,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.227668e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993192,0.0002612567,0.0001662483,0.0000642877,0.00009799515,0.00009100357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994904,0.0001053031,0.0002528063,0.000048023,0.00007644217,0.00002700431],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004109592,0.00609802,0.02105859,0.00003098903,0.0002218383,0.000009743449,0.1930092,0.00002494868,0.352585,0.03058635,0.008558298,0.387406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001329044,0.0009729489,0.3412587,0.0005801401,0.0001935666,0.002756555,0.5259028,0.00001838876,0.1127815,0.006094225,0.007676867,0.0004352235],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9712501,0.005264351,0.0002537677,0.0003160393,0.0005285635,0.00004364687,1.480129e-7,0.000006383709,0.02233696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967332,0.000004269079,0.000699676,0.0001888666,0.0006239158,0.000003220065,0.000001072924,0.000009217496,0.001736577],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3869708,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1887983,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038677468","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2013.813371","title":"Beliefs About Knowledge, Knowing, and Learning: Differences Across Knowledge Types in Physics","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Educational Strategies and Epistemologies","field":"Psychology","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; McGill University","keywords":"Descriptive knowledge; Psychology; Mathematics education; Computer science; Knowledge management","authors":[{"name":"Krista R. Muis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bogusia Gierus","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03914675819779135,"gpt":0.3941060573697371,"spread":0.3549592991719458,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003208012,0.0001081412,0.0001522099,0.00003917694,0.0001691699,0.00006345459,0.0001881553,0.0000523474,0.0003288823],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004020927,0.00007181811,0.00003665272,0.0001187429,0.0001505821,0.0002001902,0.000041745,0.0002724291,0.0001071536],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007303265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001371584,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005278892,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002155691,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991515,0.0002324798,0.0002796373,0.00009177493,0.00007292122,0.0001717336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993043,0.0002232777,0.0002046889,0.00009742885,0.0001173727,0.00005294311],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001561425,0.005562529,0.1743239,0.00006043879,0.0001865202,0.000001018305,0.6517668,0.00002710927,0.0137194,0.01784485,0.02735828,0.108993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003087019,0.0003244152,0.8015066,0.0000908934,0.00001107667,0.00005836352,0.1906565,0.00001381587,0.001186528,0.001393716,0.004324829,0.0001245842],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.942067,0.03379774,0.000004645118,0.0003336622,0.001323916,0.0001153492,3.375805e-7,0.000006374766,0.02235093],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941856,0.0002272777,0.00006655203,0.00004457949,0.000640833,0.00002656038,0.00000168646,0.000009390994,0.004797578],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6271827,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.360103,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3164936149","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2021.1913979","title":"Testing associations between global and specific levels of student academic motivation and engagement in the classroom","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports","field":"Psychology","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Concordia University; European Commission","keywords":"Student engagement; Mediation; Structural equation modeling; Psychology; Variance (accounting); Confirmatory factor analysis; Association (psychology); Representation (politics); Social psychology; Exploratory factor analysis; Developmental psychology; Mathematics education; Psychometrics; Political science; Statistics; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Christophe Dierendonck","is_ca":false},{"name":"István Tóth‐Király","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alexandre J. S. Morin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sylvie Kerger","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul Milmeister","is_ca":false},{"name":"Débora Poncelet","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1443811183520378,"gpt":0.4208269409463071,"spread":0.2764458225942694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001123854,0.00006619988,0.0001229188,0.00004210207,0.00008970159,0.0000193225,0.0001087805,0.00004597877,0.0001063954],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001130043,0.00004587986,0.00001956379,0.0002198445,0.00004703403,0.0001064602,0.00002801471,0.0002238115,9.076336e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001247453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008595927,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002289499,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001187152,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987519,0.0004141713,0.0004488011,0.00007832889,0.0002256536,0.00008117375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988978,0.0004240528,0.000443459,0.00009788165,0.0001099218,0.00002691442],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009143715,0.0002921086,0.9363086,0.000002217893,0.00003273133,7.649702e-7,0.04535628,0.00000422533,0.005385377,0.002828964,0.0007898265,0.00898983],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003030816,0.00006132262,0.9108405,0.0000289022,0.00001815021,0.00002688306,0.08709048,3.968426e-7,0.0008750579,0.0004786992,0.0002407619,0.00003581053],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942495,0.002537621,0.00005916845,0.0008671588,0.0003068808,0.0001455096,0.000006191242,0.000002195949,0.001825737],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991894,0.00004025323,0.0002919876,0.0002213367,0.0001984209,0.0000041447,0.000005468209,0.000003841119,0.00004515489],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04173421,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1870927,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1994303059","doi":"10.1080/00220970309602065","title":"Pairwise Multiple Comparisons: New Yardstick, New Results","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Bonferroni correction; Multiple comparisons problem; False discovery rate; Statistics; Pairwise comparison; Word error rate; Type I and type II errors; Computer science; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Robert A. Cribbie","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.5586051573696436,"gpt":0.5803779345219491,"spread":0.02177277715230552,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003277078,0.0001504584,0.0004012947,0.00005865136,0.00009118356,0.00003694886,0.0003074801,0.00007325236,0.0003723752],"category_scores_gemma":[0.05842985,0.00009917243,0.0001347407,0.000152883,0.00008150721,0.0001109841,0.00002749082,0.000302983,0.00003825319],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001423933,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009129466,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000084901,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003447668,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969847,0.001063368,0.001246615,0.0001176323,0.0004051283,0.0001825999],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9822792,0.01601603,0.0009168619,0.0003541022,0.0001321414,0.0003016949],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001480835,0.001931797,0.0002514158,0.0000165598,0.0001261564,0.000002035597,0.004872892,0.00001781444,0.01324609,0.05842538,0.911348,0.008281017],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005151952,0.0008200135,0.0005331436,0.0002754017,0.000264841,0.0001526441,0.008985328,0.00006402931,0.1495995,0.807889,0.02596706,0.0002971235],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.3668937,0.01160846,0.539537,0.01361531,0.02398842,0.002692967,0.00003619051,0.0001415101,0.04148644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3654971,0.00003907985,0.6316463,0.0002493696,0.0008116824,0.000002370932,5.123666e-7,0.00002028763,0.001733354],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8853809,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9495014,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4322768167","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2023.2183375","title":"Investigating the Role of Academic, Social, and Emotional Self-Efficacy in Online Learning","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"COVID-19 and Mental Health","field":"Psychology","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Self-efficacy; Psychology; Academic achievement; Path analysis (statistics); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Social psychology; Developmental psychology","authors":[{"name":"Sungjun Won","is_ca":false},{"name":"Meg Kapil","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brodie J. Drake","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rikka A. Paular","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08083794112723439,"gpt":0.4701858854469036,"spread":0.3893479443196692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007328214,0.0000556778,0.00009265487,0.00009077515,0.0001403925,0.000004928364,0.0001183887,0.00004092951,0.00005173092],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004661472,0.00003678837,0.00002664025,0.0002082724,0.0000726392,0.00006639189,0.00003565345,0.0003698076,0.00000596061],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000130932,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002514566,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002698689,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005278079,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991652,0.0002167096,0.0003094672,0.00005493324,0.0001450439,0.0001085983],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993682,0.0002189899,0.0002979374,0.00004865095,0.00002712168,0.00003911955],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001748193,0.002770838,0.1382247,0.0000506586,0.0000844602,9.162798e-7,0.5820112,0.0001066808,0.201938,0.006533683,0.003403984,0.06470013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006141614,0.0002081453,0.718179,0.0001007287,0.00001614851,0.00004917103,0.2709874,0.0001489679,0.005747407,0.0007627213,0.003125109,0.0000610096],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994045,0.002889683,6.324531e-7,0.002297495,0.0003002902,0.0001119887,9.984036e-7,0.00000769252,0.0003461841],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990041,0.0001483032,0.0000466525,0.0003450191,0.0003118675,0.000003587026,0.000005058489,0.000007551227,0.0001278424],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5799544,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1606651,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2314820328","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2016.1143795","title":"The Effects of Rhetorical and Content Subgoals on Writing and Learning","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Writing and Handwriting Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Rhetorical question; Rhetorical modes; Argument (complex analysis); Computer science; Psychology; Content (measure theory); Mathematics education; Linguistics; Chemistry; Mathematics; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Perry D. Klein","is_ca":true},{"name":"Katrina N. Haug","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nina Arcon","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02953838348402119,"gpt":0.3534553700492665,"spread":0.3239169865652453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001401106,0.0000404314,0.00006873476,0.00002660751,0.0005619153,0.00003746049,0.00007038932,0.00002124991,0.000003518521],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001232184,0.00001974807,0.00001899758,0.00004057832,0.0001922938,0.0000923525,0.00001111657,0.0000881575,6.032952e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006797175,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001048104,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001392595,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005134916,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991474,0.0003781246,0.0001724163,0.00004101459,0.0001740683,0.0000869447],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978195,0.001765705,0.0002303803,0.00004011096,0.00009522063,0.00004907139],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001804849,0.0003764627,0.01310636,0.00003030585,0.00003818833,3.430067e-7,0.1026979,3.36118e-7,0.6222823,0.03371413,0.001339231,0.226234],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001191636,0.001547506,0.0610991,0.001781367,0.00006708926,0.00005409739,0.6271309,0.000003609712,0.2983564,0.001403037,0.007168752,0.0001965345],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909357,0.004111082,0.00000774267,0.003408282,0.000454655,0.00007577883,7.203335e-8,0.000003462868,0.001003166],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998103,0.0009067024,0.00003825392,0.00004729786,0.0003929842,0.000002815694,5.955482e-8,0.000003627677,0.0005052075],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.524433,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4321855,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2014601668","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2014.919569","title":"Standardized Effect Size Measures for Mediation Analysis in Cluster-Randomized Trials","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Cluster (spacecraft); Mediation; Statistics; Sample size determination; Econometrics; Mathematics; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Laura M. Stapleton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Keenan A. Pituch","is_ca":false},{"name":"Éric Dion","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05754630073440449,"gpt":0.4567522910505695,"spread":0.399205990316165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.026296,0.0001095761,0.001074481,0.0001547765,0.00005664578,0.00003662674,0.0001388564,0.00004587734,0.0000825676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06377454,0.00005905408,0.0003518864,0.0002159727,0.00005739217,0.00008437383,0.00001003498,0.00009539762,5.894528e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001139414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001069779,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001819377,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005493607,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9937,0.004800416,0.001004577,0.00007410079,0.0003140854,0.0001068574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9534333,0.04530296,0.0009019079,0.0001321768,0.0001781896,0.00005148656],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"randomized_trial","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.3113775,0.002518676,0.0008313248,0.0002895824,0.004053805,7.04953e-7,0.02336876,0.000102374,0.1231842,0.2815465,0.007464201,0.2452623],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0781811,0.0008177939,0.000492402,0.0001240044,0.002847028,0.000009220952,0.001652356,0.003316054,0.1027313,0.8094902,0.0001226931,0.0002158068],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1749924,0.0003347258,0.822861,0.0003688993,0.0004750254,0.0007582888,0.000004332031,0.000004469829,0.0002008592],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7889163,0.00001745649,0.2106828,0.00006639115,0.0002335651,0.00006151682,0.00000160732,0.000007967391,0.00001234939],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6139239,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9441117,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387860797","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2023.2267006","title":"Same Classroom, Different Affordances? Demographic Differences in Perceptions of Motivational Climate in Five STEM Courses","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Education, Achievement, and Giftedness","field":"Psychology","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec","keywords":"Affordance; Perception; Psychology; Social psychology; Developmental psychology; Cognitive psychology","authors":[{"name":"Kristy A. Robinson","is_ca":true},{"name":"So Yeon Lee","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03723583357028351,"gpt":0.3670243657416444,"spread":0.3297885321713609,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000548541,0.0001320451,0.0002392167,0.0005636645,0.00008367554,0.00001503212,0.0002671063,0.00005626479,0.0003293103],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002009931,0.00009510664,0.00007548865,0.0005997883,0.0001428574,0.0001750303,0.00002642311,0.000199166,0.00001130661],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001283712,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001425076,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002411232,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001822644,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984453,0.0003278514,0.0006250122,0.0001219767,0.0002643111,0.0002155005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998925,0.0002688527,0.0004943014,0.0001651103,0.00009526697,0.00005149065],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001224865,0.001770528,0.9455941,0.00001498687,0.00003217644,4.239935e-7,0.04167752,0.00002056548,0.006441947,0.002954287,0.0007078936,0.0006630631],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004356447,0.0001640997,0.7936651,0.0001260386,0.00001394306,0.000007283113,0.2039557,0.00001766482,0.00078741,0.0007456624,0.00001057646,0.00007094028],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959628,0.0009535485,0.00001323444,0.0007853076,0.001705288,0.0002200117,0.00001057945,0.000008026935,0.000341197],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989079,0.0004070555,0.00004102935,0.00007374975,0.0001715328,0.0000503543,0.00002189455,0.00001161363,0.0003148957],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1622781,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3878336,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995348618","doi":"10.1080/00220970109599488","title":"Minimizing the Influence of Item Parameter Estimation Errors in Test Development: A Comparison of Three Selection Procedures","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Item response theory; Selection (genetic algorithm); Statistics; Computerized adaptive testing; Function (biology); Test (biology); Range (aeronautics); Estimation; Mathematics; Equating; Estimation theory; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Psychometrics; Rasch model; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Mark J. Gierl","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dianne Henderson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael G. Jodoin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Don A. Klinger","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2827474909716795,"gpt":0.4893092776194928,"spread":0.2065617866478133,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003755042,0.00008281849,0.0002306184,0.0003852775,0.0001105562,0.00003181079,0.0004805143,0.00003482449,0.00002231737],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03782456,0.00004353284,0.00004400331,0.001463072,0.00009711525,0.0003098521,0.00003873824,0.0001457854,0.000001337098],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007958028,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003173279,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008778492,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003300706,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997765,0.0002551066,0.001138072,0.00009294821,0.0006406751,0.0001081882],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9864438,0.01138931,0.001637217,0.00015592,0.0003453972,0.00002836707],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001770085,0.0006823575,0.8139916,0.00001063137,0.00001560509,1.316129e-7,0.02056272,0.01338618,0.09219782,0.00004670755,0.0002468313,0.05868241],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002007714,0.0002210539,0.8806845,0.0001538636,0.00001039607,0.00006373604,0.02242388,0.004833436,0.08958915,0.001712058,0.00004838049,0.00005876478],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964889,0.001077691,0.001743522,0.000199649,0.0001921193,0.0001552992,1.618069e-7,0.000002744531,0.0001399602],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9768209,0.00001059103,0.02308315,0.00003350327,0.00002807495,0.00000554997,2.343347e-7,0.000003962736,0.0000140169],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06669291,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9702802,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391361292","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2024.2306399","title":"Examining Increasing Playback Speed in Recorded Lectures on Memory, Attention, and Experience","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Mind wandering and attention","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Cognitive psychology; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Serena Tran","is_ca":true},{"name":"Laura J. Bianchi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Evan F. Risko","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05677940474053866,"gpt":0.3424696523439488,"spread":0.2856902476034102,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004226147,0.00008279528,0.00008440622,0.0001515987,0.0001029775,0.0001010199,0.0001033306,0.00002390593,0.00005709326],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001736697,0.00005712261,0.00002399176,0.0001648413,0.0000605651,0.0002540971,0.00001970306,0.0001642456,0.000006664564],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008439138,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006326849,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004982288,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001343122,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999162,0.0001972966,0.0002371725,0.0001244812,0.0001800502,0.00009905529],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995683,0.0001951167,0.0001023891,0.00007946367,0.00001477932,0.00003995876],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009672222,0.000096476,0.0003364813,0.000007020957,0.000001998612,0.000003522103,0.008635992,0.00002692622,0.9855819,0.0001035277,0.0001792364,0.004930219],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002787121,0.0002930081,0.01152818,0.0004990067,0.000009775117,0.0006067985,0.01966446,0.0004620689,0.9661248,0.0002374029,0.0001869571,0.0001088727],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964171,0.001195613,0.00002830803,0.000279816,0.001050394,0.0000841823,2.736142e-7,0.00000971133,0.0009345793],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993011,0.00008232898,0.00005224362,0.0001783077,0.0001775314,0.000002328688,4.123415e-7,0.000009136505,0.0001966117],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01945712,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2329393,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297826470","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2022.2107604","title":"Can Multiple Texts Prompt Causal Thinking? The Role of Epistemic Emotions","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Educational Strategies and Epistemologies","field":"Psychology","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Salience (neuroscience); Argument (complex analysis); Disengagement theory; Psychology; Ambivalence; Social psychology; Epistemology; Cognitive psychology; Causal reasoning; Point (geometry); Cognition; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Robert Danielson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gale M. Sinatra","is_ca":false},{"name":"Greg Trevors","is_ca":false},{"name":"Krista R. Muis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Reinhard Pekrun","is_ca":false},{"name":"Benjamin C. Heddy","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02210149185739831,"gpt":0.3316139616844078,"spread":0.3095124698270095,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000618397,0.00008694384,0.0001201251,0.00006065876,0.0005072965,0.00001841254,0.0004918682,0.00002340026,0.0009465332],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003418569,0.00005333127,0.00007975959,0.0001498565,0.0001314055,0.0000633953,0.00007335175,0.0002672959,0.000006150745],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001972344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003977446,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001309629,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002179712,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987741,0.0003688432,0.000372941,0.00007614373,0.0002749623,0.0001330707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988916,0.0002224509,0.0005208015,0.000236544,0.00009430791,0.00003428737],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009176809,0.007615619,0.04915626,0.00002717538,0.0006010024,0.000003503243,0.4623567,0.001283,0.1936528,0.2211702,0.05767301,0.005542962],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004331264,0.0007893323,0.124107,0.00002901107,0.00007082882,0.001053191,0.8255855,0.00002050519,0.01123248,0.02820179,0.008329211,0.0001480688],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9785511,0.006316812,0.000003877461,0.007324134,0.002098278,0.0002165278,0.000009653681,0.000006445039,0.005473171],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984754,0.00001499747,0.0000779065,0.0002232989,0.0002903081,0.00005327688,0.000009322168,0.0000107704,0.0008447243],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3632287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999667,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385699193","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2023.2243593","title":"Optimal Practices for Mediation Analysis in AB Single Case Experimental Designs","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","field":"Psychology","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Institute of Education Sciences","keywords":"Mediation; Computer science; Psychology; Political science; Law","authors":[{"name":"Milica Miočević","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fayette Klaassen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mariola Moeyaert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gemma Geuke","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4461270753379195,"gpt":0.497787297362506,"spread":0.05166022202458659,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007264089,0.0001062884,0.0001891362,0.0002396316,0.0001374768,0.00002708611,0.0001457668,0.00005935874,0.0005873701],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006598093,0.00007079318,0.0001235546,0.0006419038,0.00005901969,0.0001854812,0.00002210035,0.0001190166,0.00004058982],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001261754,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000294517,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002545608,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002213722,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989277,0.000218715,0.0003995311,0.0001246525,0.0001524221,0.0001769968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988276,0.0002896009,0.0006356504,0.0001222431,0.00006929453,0.00005566138],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003987971,0.01609948,0.01697491,0.00001161727,0.001246237,0.0002555829,0.1593732,0.0006306901,0.7320031,0.0007325726,0.0511719,0.01751277],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003585805,0.005506521,0.07931161,0.00003421061,0.0009737917,0.002005334,0.8001336,0.0002436985,0.1001096,0.0002222425,0.007272806,0.0006007609],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935212,0.003388548,0.0001057343,0.0007078719,0.001226307,0.0002633365,0.000004799627,0.00001322317,0.0007689949],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985046,0.00002535392,0.0005379288,0.0001206383,0.000290497,0.00009141635,0.00001257092,0.000009340946,0.0004076592],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6407604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6431291,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2973013163","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2021.1873087","title":"The Role of Graphics in Video Lectures","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Mind wandering and attention","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Graphics; Comprehension; Computer science; Multimedia; Cognition; Computer graphics; Cognitive psychology; Psychology; Computer graphics (images)","authors":[{"name":"Laura J. Bianchi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Evan F. Risko","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01694861988935829,"gpt":0.3091764592010824,"spread":0.2922278393117241,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002310923,0.00003513819,0.00004965542,0.00003382016,0.00008948507,0.0000186226,0.0001202196,0.0000133153,0.0000207518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001472344,0.00001967831,0.00003721965,0.0001446378,0.00005132205,0.00006818572,0.0000157135,0.00009799915,9.868957e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002302884,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001227364,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002031393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005212871,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999437,0.0001422583,0.0001776086,0.00003890311,0.0001461431,0.00005813305],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995846,0.0001189584,0.0001559673,0.00008713522,0.00003701005,0.00001629895],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002770406,0.000146295,0.0002006388,0.000001065769,0.000001591772,3.306931e-7,0.001993078,0.00001841683,0.9928824,0.001766549,0.0001403989,0.002821556],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009092173,0.00004282759,0.001574721,0.00002466649,0.000003633406,0.0000744339,0.007535368,0.00003188941,0.9865981,0.00269522,0.001307291,0.00002089162],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9929845,0.005251585,0.00001286379,0.0005823621,0.0003865594,0.0000305707,1.955733e-7,0.000001115627,0.000750267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994304,0.0002658003,0.00001739525,0.0001314794,0.00006279087,0.00000126356,1.598741e-7,0.000002982994,0.00008777937],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006445867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08024582,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095178943","doi":"10.3200/jexe.76.3.243-258","title":"Subset Testing: Prevalence and Implications for Study Behaviors","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Student Assessment and Feedback","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Mount Allison University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Set (abstract data type); Clinical psychology; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Louise Wasylkiw","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jennifer L. Tomes","is_ca":true},{"name":"Francine R. Smith","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1021623673174721,"gpt":0.4520509840703397,"spread":0.3498886167528676,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004847371,0.00004522265,0.00006239995,0.00003413166,0.0006196789,0.00002406262,0.0001751117,0.00001448678,0.00001899016],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008538496,0.00003339635,0.00002168869,0.0001103304,0.00012226,0.0001885226,0.00001568913,0.0000462886,9.18475e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006874365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002544023,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001401477,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001228786,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994733,0.00008131644,0.0001628432,0.00005055539,0.0001489012,0.00008310065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993945,0.0001560662,0.0001749941,0.00006840492,0.0001549,0.00005114955],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002918829,0.00132601,0.8616878,0.000002127447,0.00001313324,1.013575e-7,0.1208418,4.274575e-7,0.01226136,0.0005254963,0.002472043,0.0008405245],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000250088,0.0003688071,0.9011548,0.000009190127,0.00004770494,0.00001734554,0.09686705,6.430805e-7,0.0006157577,0.0001355884,0.0004816639,0.0000513832],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967563,0.0009074518,0.000012243,0.0007078387,0.0002748602,0.0004490142,9.432536e-7,0.000005135684,0.0008862846],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998654,0.0001076402,0.000507116,0.00003962985,0.000234304,0.0000288449,4.857869e-7,0.000004038719,0.0004239044],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03946698,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4766132,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398137888","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2024.2355213","title":"Profiles of Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Sociodemographic and School-Associated Factors","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports","field":"Psychology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Psychology; Clinical psychology; Applied psychology","authors":[{"name":"Natacha Bérubé-Deschênes","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jonathan Smith","is_ca":true},{"name":"Maggie Roy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gabrielle Cloutier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Annie Lemieux","is_ca":true},{"name":"Eda Çınar","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gabrielle Garon‐Carrier","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02906246877289819,"gpt":0.3548874226338098,"spread":0.3258249538609116,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003604164,0.00008865437,0.0001332593,0.0001830721,0.00006816396,0.00002697431,0.00004998496,0.00008026236,0.001053787],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000329008,0.00005702377,0.00004756283,0.0002026685,0.0001349232,0.0001527957,0.00001010877,0.0001989693,0.000003795524],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004384047,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004310328,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006137376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001293733,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992417,0.000145674,0.0003109278,0.00008111726,0.0001379382,0.00008265053],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994774,0.0001029451,0.0002223987,0.00007726566,0.00005409879,0.00006586051],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016685,0.0007083698,0.872546,0.00002157505,0.0002199473,0.000001391096,0.05986086,8.02691e-7,0.03639142,0.005070328,0.0135057,0.01150676],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002532518,0.0003340692,0.9380457,0.00006416087,0.000041986,0.00007905403,0.05874968,0.000001959103,0.001536546,0.000543215,0.0002836163,0.00006679833],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902823,0.006903679,0.00001305562,0.0003632317,0.001301047,0.0001251935,0.000002300422,0.0000135719,0.0009956378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992686,0.0001691715,0.00004448538,0.000112744,0.0001040662,0.000004697266,0.00000403587,0.000008736989,0.000283458],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06549967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998594,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2553084387","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2016.1252999","title":"The Beautiful and the Ugly: Reading Ability Modulates Word Spacing Effects in Chinese Children","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Shanghai Ocean University; National Cheng Kung University","keywords":"Reading (process); Mandarin Chinese; Word (group theory); Contrast (vision); Salient; Psychology; Linguistics; Computer science; Cognitive psychology; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Yu-Cheng Lin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pei-Ying Lin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005164211357628492,"gpt":0.3095296440460636,"spread":0.3043654326884351,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001690872,0.0001049897,0.0001412511,0.00005296162,0.0002097099,0.00004731645,0.0002043535,0.00002913696,0.00002466274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001705526,0.00003581986,0.00004418813,0.0001047041,0.0001750789,0.0001312683,0.00003534016,0.0001473209,0.000007897366],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001263017,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004870162,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001925261,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003998756,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988323,0.0004641934,0.0003258306,0.00009327826,0.000131858,0.0001525522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984717,0.000989681,0.0002432097,0.0002213185,0.00003251132,0.00004155194],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003747533,0.0008848261,0.3550103,0.00001428657,0.0003589202,0.000002399871,0.2768734,0.00001059391,0.08162239,0.008438055,0.0026842,0.270353],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00154683,0.00007350572,0.984098,0.000175257,0.00001694255,0.0002004303,0.004708914,0.00000984937,0.005597643,0.003274474,0.0002107268,0.00008743054],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902399,0.004934813,0.00002699477,0.002771341,0.001102729,0.0002606557,2.587375e-7,0.000004666421,0.0006586087],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999106,0.00008326156,0.00007499563,0.0001183815,0.0002188237,0.00001964666,4.006611e-7,0.000008911868,0.0003696159],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6290877,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.161294,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408071407","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2025.2459388","title":"The Struggle is Real: An Intervention to Regulate and Resolve Confusion During Complex Statistics Problem Solving","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Confusion; Intervention (counseling); Statistics; Computer science; Psychology; Mathematics; Psychoanalysis","authors":[{"name":"Martina Kohatsu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Krista R. Muis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Reinhard Pekrun","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gale M. Sinatra","is_ca":false},{"name":"Panayiota Kendeou","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kristy A. Robinson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alana A. U. Kennedy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sanheeta Potola","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01875300298089412,"gpt":0.3323352927076543,"spread":0.3135822897267602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006596808,0.00007270576,0.00008434801,0.00007111576,0.0004704587,0.000225245,0.0003319636,0.00001682849,0.000006099818],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000189526,0.00004618198,0.00002553913,0.0001041487,0.00002664869,0.0002692502,0.0001277414,0.0001089725,0.000001590816],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001244378,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007294779,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000244269,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008905936,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991405,0.000164594,0.0003234485,0.00009417051,0.0001660458,0.0001112221],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999276,0.00006753637,0.0002612166,0.0001804259,0.0001672139,0.00004765174],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002112228,0.0003309282,0.0005450759,0.00005900594,0.00007611776,0.000001726831,0.0735204,0.0003631058,0.694459,0.1620198,0.008054097,0.06035951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001704939,0.002654748,0.1258398,0.003441034,0.00008103632,0.0003459174,0.131756,0.0195262,0.6475843,0.01164375,0.05471728,0.0007049129],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9096034,0.001058859,0.08683673,0.0009433135,0.0008649874,0.0002195886,8.103852e-7,0.0000135817,0.0004587251],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9855842,0.00004655484,0.01126893,0.00008837035,0.0001003966,0.000003277025,6.976323e-7,0.000005096788,0.002902498],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1503761,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3618436,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411108082","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2025.2513246","title":"Effects of <i>Familiarity</i> and <i>Complexity</i> on Inhibitory Control in Elementary Science Learning","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Science Education and Pedagogy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Inhibitory control; Control (management); Mathematics education; Psychology; Inhibitory postsynaptic potential; Computer science; Cognitive science; Artificial intelligence; Neuroscience; Cognition","authors":[{"name":"Élisabeth Bélanger","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lorie‐Marlène Brault Foisy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Steve Masson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Emmanuel Ahr","is_ca":true},{"name":"Patrice Potvin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01934782997179761,"gpt":0.3836779227940204,"spread":0.3643300928222227,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002307795,0.00005313325,0.0001039244,0.0002540087,0.00039156,0.00003099162,0.0002509612,0.00002091416,0.00002643565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002864069,0.00004139587,0.00002242984,0.0005298359,0.000881846,0.0002706738,0.00002153785,0.0001864221,0.000001005919],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002049917,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001428297,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001254145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007007611,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988311,0.0003830183,0.0002381904,0.00007795783,0.0003367929,0.0001329458],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991717,0.0004025372,0.0001935815,0.00005987206,0.0001124672,0.00005984606],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000325774,0.001920063,0.05155386,0.00003868346,0.00001755116,6.29229e-7,0.1904625,0.00004874865,0.6675167,0.06515408,0.002826732,0.02013469],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001729709,0.000575096,0.08817402,0.000440896,0.0000363338,0.000005775548,0.4902248,0.0001019386,0.404961,0.004530849,0.009045482,0.0001741189],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9882522,0.00150226,0.00002369722,0.002218858,0.001200175,0.000182133,1.371363e-7,0.000002850625,0.006617722],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982667,0.0001358393,0.00007371592,0.00121184,0.0001203751,0.000004212943,1.312157e-7,0.000001778048,0.0001854288],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2997623,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3249198,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387045253","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2023.2261284","title":"Working Memory and Automaticity in Relation to Mental Addition among American Elementary Students","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Automaticity; Memory span; Working memory; Psychology; Automatism (medicine); Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale; Fluency; Task (project management); Cognitive psychology; ROWE; Short-term memory; Cognition; Association (psychology); Developmental psychology; Mathematics education","authors":[{"name":"Qiong Yu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yi Ding","is_ca":false},{"name":"Akane Zusho","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhang Chun","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yifan Wang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02975474524530141,"gpt":0.3687068429032319,"spread":0.3389520976579305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008506482,0.000113263,0.0001856096,0.0002240794,0.0001050992,0.00003802414,0.00015266,0.00001952267,0.00009738155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001728073,0.00008503331,0.00003511598,0.0003969951,0.00006784544,0.0002227393,0.000111811,0.0001244721,0.0000230558],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002607581,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000432437,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004595119,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002929658,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987343,0.0001214462,0.0004669175,0.00009363433,0.0004323255,0.0001513904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991617,0.0003303466,0.0002943488,0.00008424163,0.00004039474,0.00008901163],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001490273,0.01083741,0.1992399,0.0002202256,0.0006341183,0.00004769719,0.3376353,0.00004110517,0.1327462,0.00615102,0.1042471,0.2067097],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001216809,0.0005691574,0.7934058,0.001150744,0.00006863599,0.00007336235,0.1266642,0.0001736353,0.04442026,0.03177162,0.0001339006,0.0003518587],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998048,0.00005477823,0.0000614618,0.0004897778,0.0002608632,0.000410022,0.000001318388,0.00002058035,0.0006531796],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963533,0.00002471091,0.003173082,0.0002123362,0.00008511389,0.00002340745,0.000007834898,0.00001391352,0.0001062797],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5941659,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3467558,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411108335","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2025.2513247","title":"The Cascade Effect of an Eight-Week smartEducation Program for Educators: An Inductive Qualitative Content Analysis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Education and Learning Interventions","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Healthy Minds Canada; SickKids Foundation; University of Toronto","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Cascade; Qualitative analysis; Content analysis; Inductive method; Psychology; Qualitative research; Mathematics education; Computer science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Sociology; Teaching method","authors":[{"name":"Benjamin D. Diplock","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elli Weisbaum","is_ca":true},{"name":"Natalie Weiser","is_ca":true},{"name":"Julia Hemphill","is_ca":true},{"name":"Armanda Iuliano","is_ca":true},{"name":"Camille Humphrey","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sara Ahola Kohut","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05554674273407748,"gpt":0.4603305494250322,"spread":0.4047838066909547,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023183,0.0001258594,0.0002158355,0.0003346955,0.000389732,0.0001472128,0.0007712385,0.00004117701,0.0000116964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002941699,0.00007391573,0.0002352914,0.000844162,0.0001358874,0.0006622308,0.00003166644,0.0001792371,0.00000121597],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002139657,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007168815,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000285539,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000350187,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975435,0.001379806,0.0005615643,0.0001522986,0.0002186251,0.0001441709],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973893,0.0007303646,0.00075502,0.0004241415,0.0006128833,0.00008826964],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008413677,0.01764772,0.002153712,0.00008217898,0.002887961,1.56784e-7,0.6772412,0.0001810993,0.03146546,0.0643151,0.006347543,0.1968365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001155983,0.009342554,0.03969107,0.0001968577,0.001078556,0.00002580696,0.7079489,0.002827952,0.2296776,0.002786015,0.00496849,0.0003002585],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9859582,0.001209831,0.007445937,0.002726252,0.001868166,0.0006439924,0.000001537524,0.00001378779,0.0001322482],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941773,0.0000110323,0.004897302,0.0001089472,0.0001458753,0.0001952465,0.00001524797,0.000006308481,0.0004427288],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1982121,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3014196,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}