{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":5,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":5,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"ce2995a494b2","filters":{"venue":"The Journal of Population and Sustainability"}},"results":[{"id":"W3193936597","doi":"10.3197/jps.2020.5.1.15","title":"fractal biology of plague and the future of civilization","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Population and Sustainability","topic":"Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Population; Plague (disease); Outbreak; Pandemic; Biology; Population growth; Civilization; Homo sapiens; Ecology; Geography; Basic reproduction number; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Evolutionary biology; Demography; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Virology; Disease; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"William E. Rees","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007219984978381633,"gpt":0.2826654014830678,"spread":0.2754454165046862,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007655868,0.00005330701,0.0001506284,0.00002160984,0.00004530256,0.000005301322,0.00009429557,0.00006665719,0.00000612775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006348193,0.00002921791,0.00004144734,0.00007592483,0.00023801,0.000007185396,0.00006101412,0.00009902878,2.72197e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000908626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005210771,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004677697,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003042142,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991645,0.0003451285,0.0002704363,0.00006525456,0.00008494363,0.00006970877],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992113,0.0000742946,0.0002403853,0.0001028017,0.0003324463,0.00003880812],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004843603,0.00006338404,0.8844644,0.0003336181,0.00008810346,8.143256e-7,0.002501125,0.0003533044,0.09785251,0.001898702,0.0001385543,0.007461858],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002268525,0.0009380654,0.9722927,0.00001238894,0.00006703426,0.00004587364,0.004540789,0.001523912,0.01271486,0.003702779,0.001795491,0.00009756873],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940926,0.001490204,0.0008238423,0.003406135,0.00002518628,0.0001412682,0.000005437845,7.328259e-7,0.0000145578],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994197,0.0003638077,0.00003441532,0.0000599444,0.0001021707,4.128532e-7,0.00001098484,0.000003117302,0.00000545786],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0878283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1191472,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4319071092","doi":"10.3197/jps.63799953906865","title":"Overshoot","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Population and Sustainability","topic":"Global Energy and Sustainability Research","field":"Energy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Overshoot (microwave communication); Thriving; Population; Homo sapiens; Natural resource economics; Economics; Global warming; Development economics; Business; Climate change; Political science; Environmental ethics; Neoclassical economics; Ecology; Geography; Computer science; Sociology; Social science","authors":[{"name":"William E. Rees","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01696009786753356,"gpt":0.3106832998322986,"spread":0.293723201964765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002784941,0.00007831428,0.0001557388,0.0001182185,0.0002151929,0.00002875989,0.0001620648,0.00005788459,0.00006161714],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002261442,0.00004836944,0.0000747774,0.0005061653,0.0001249036,0.0001340531,0.00008127582,0.0002048458,0.00000340502],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000210799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009697244,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002169792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002221932,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985765,0.0004430178,0.0003352469,0.00008009476,0.0003216249,0.0002434783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986731,0.0003089391,0.0001109007,0.0002128625,0.0005962561,0.0000978953],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001371077,0.0001623034,0.2557772,0.0003443262,0.0001005067,0.00007694314,0.004676664,0.1077772,0.00006555308,0.4499883,0.001648551,0.1780114],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004125996,0.0001261137,0.5164639,0.000005222244,0.00002022918,0.00003711106,0.01016887,0.00276455,0.00001626057,0.4521518,0.01775233,0.00008102124],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933048,0.00008901206,0.00007876415,0.00535508,0.00008822981,0.00009863352,6.195208e-7,0.00002952502,0.0009552576],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987095,0.00004730697,0.00001036342,0.00006718444,0.00007236816,0.000001224853,0.000002703058,0.000005889696,0.001083467],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2606867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3280091,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2809231016","doi":"10.3197/jps.2017.1.2.53","title":"call for conservation scientists to empirically study the effects of human population policies on biodiversity loss","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Population and Sustainability","topic":"Environmental Education and Sustainability","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Biodiversity; Anthropocene; Conservation science; Population; Taboo; Conservation biology; Population growth; Consumption (sociology); Conservation psychology; Environmental resource management; Natural resource economics; Geography; Environmental planning; Ecology; Political science; Sociology; Economics; Biology; Social science; Demography","authors":[{"name":"Niki Rust","is_ca":false},{"name":"Laura Kehoe","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01808968434043481,"gpt":0.3349387571225385,"spread":0.3168490727821037,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002133356,0.00009940402,0.0001682303,0.00004334157,0.001276847,0.0000591911,0.0003445233,0.00003502538,0.00002047152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002289921,0.00005966114,0.00006619575,0.00008832332,0.0003846034,0.000236809,0.0001666012,0.0001011283,8.910996e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050989,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001840311,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0068435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009584858,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986872,0.0003075799,0.0003621301,0.00014263,0.0003554493,0.0001450303],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985983,0.0002807604,0.0004801352,0.0004478403,0.0001090048,0.00008392777],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001529719,0.0003228289,0.9931241,0.00004234664,0.00000862917,4.669376e-7,0.004018466,0.0004888183,0.00009364814,0.0001606892,0.0004384183,0.001148621],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004680376,0.0006655903,0.9911638,0.000005526448,0.00004263961,0.000001699116,0.003088894,0.00005080987,0.00006262866,0.004202592,0.0001845831,0.00006315419],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902075,0.000004434909,0.0001357424,0.008258908,0.0001165265,0.001247442,0.000003566212,0.000003530089,0.00002238426],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994884,0.000001631639,0.00002709971,0.0003151865,0.00002030523,0.000006634393,0.000002796407,0.000003155903,0.0001348121],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009280914,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99977,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200420523","doi":"10.3197/jps.63772236595233","title":"Stakeholders’ Perceptions of the Linkage Between Reproductive Rights and Environmental Sustainability","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Population and Sustainability","topic":"Reproductive Health and Technologies","field":"Medicine","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Sustainability; Reproductive rights; Reproductive health; Legitimacy; Human rights; Environmental justice; Population; Injustice; Environmentalism; Political science; Environmental resource management; Socioeconomics; Public relations; Business; Environmental health; Sociology; Politics; Medicine; Ecology; Law; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Céline Delacroix","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02651559172475015,"gpt":0.3031102766160098,"spread":0.2765946848912597,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001515006,0.00009379737,0.0002868757,0.00005288249,0.0002628221,0.000008066895,0.00006858887,0.00007475184,0.0000148541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002527693,0.00004985472,0.00008242785,0.0001742137,0.0005946127,0.000118647,0.00009992323,0.000370797,4.8846e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003215725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001911614,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001827951,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000135969,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985772,0.0003885178,0.0004638452,0.0001915187,0.0002363397,0.000142542],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984033,0.0001507628,0.0002995304,0.0005412037,0.0005353822,0.00006980994],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001296705,0.000118451,0.9907987,0.0002382365,0.00003204077,0.000003992109,0.002216331,0.00001634377,0.0001912449,0.0004636022,0.00003174736,0.005759649],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003668124,0.0001597361,0.9087753,0.00001540614,0.0001192071,0.0001153775,0.02483837,0.000009600195,0.0006105425,0.06468527,0.0002633489,0.00004108945],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.983418,0.0006144062,0.0001429584,0.01526956,0.00004434818,0.0004729044,0.000006713608,0.000008085535,0.00002299008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995224,0.00006913574,0.00008970619,0.00003136324,0.00008909464,0.000001680704,0.000004007596,0.000004423123,0.0001882171],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08202345,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3026067,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3194476556","doi":"10.3197/jps.2021.5.2.63","title":"It’s Time to Revisit the Cairo Consensus","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Population and Sustainability","topic":"Climate Change and Health Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Population explosion; Population; Silence; Political science; Human rights; Population growth; Quarter (Canadian coin); Development economics; Political economy; History; Sociology; Law; Demography; Economics; Aesthetics; Art","authors":[{"name":"Christopher Tucker","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02725633669108582,"gpt":0.320325000584936,"spread":0.2930686638938502,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001629413,0.00005147964,0.0001053018,0.00001084906,0.0002136458,0.00002303324,0.00007935935,0.00002223734,0.001403347],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009931423,0.00002672609,0.00003002395,0.0001404691,0.00006344134,0.00005102854,0.00008409312,0.0001088473,0.0000301614],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002225885,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002789222,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002021417,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001428468,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991065,0.0002607009,0.0002494405,0.00006023384,0.0001836736,0.0001394186],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999325,0.0001989956,0.0001159441,0.0001656911,0.00008005968,0.000114336],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008332481,0.0002915984,0.5224766,0.0002727674,0.00003315852,0.000113041,0.03942626,0.007382935,0.001314618,0.0004267514,0.3250845,0.1023445],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002038512,0.00009548275,0.9381148,0.00001885232,0.00002914527,0.0001801614,0.003734736,0.0004413816,0.00003227772,0.004558089,0.05252531,0.00006593927],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8432211,0.0001118296,0.00002831503,0.1558365,0.00003192972,0.0001373745,0.000001484596,0.000002570451,0.0006289062],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947127,0.00003970562,0.00003651608,0.004094582,0.00005271209,4.909056e-7,8.063373e-7,0.000003013519,0.001059438],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4156382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995095,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}