{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":1,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":1,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"44cdbbbeaa4a","filters":{"venue":"The Mind Research Repository"}},"results":[{"id":"W2559617320","doi":"","title":"Models, forests and trees of York English: Was/were variation as a case study for statistical practice","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Mind Research Repository","topic":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Multicollinearity; Variation (astronomy); Plural; Inference; Random forest; Computer science; Verb; Econometrics; Statistics; Variable (mathematics); Artificial intelligence; Natural language processing; Linguistics; Machine learning; Mathematics; Linear regression","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1341652799671293,"gpt":0.4493904632306894,"spread":0.3152251832635601,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006412612,0.00005861589,0.0001135565,0.00006543019,0.0008667139,0.00006631999,0.0001377917,0.00008283827,0.00001782008],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008668908,0.00004165966,0.00002082009,0.000122328,0.0003564801,0.0001564073,0.00006407071,0.0001886657,0.00000267909],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006373459,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003070507,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01991888,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001824402,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997091,0.001679731,0.0002085456,0.0001540349,0.0005360846,0.0003306092],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9942929,0.00460096,0.00009583369,0.0001921003,0.0006692644,0.0001489419],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003319986,0.0009248554,0.002197553,0.00002134491,0.0001102676,0.0001742192,0.724566,0.00002181038,0.0001869551,0.2677254,0.001417044,0.002322441],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002537137,0.001841758,0.009563331,0.00003174972,0.0003735672,0.0006488485,0.9181601,0.00397011,0.0004348742,0.01556096,0.04654175,0.0003357611],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9668627,0.000301495,0.002664667,0.0005054647,0.00074399,0.001380707,0.00001287181,0.00001551499,0.02751258],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962571,0.000008194548,0.001328788,0.0000144605,0.0009606038,0.00008275633,0.000001991701,0.00000759001,0.001338542],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2521645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996815,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}