{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":59,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":59,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"44fc336ccb9c","filters":{"venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance"}},"results":[{"id":"W3007377825","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2020.101174","title":"Efficient predictability of stock return volatility: The role of stock market implied volatility","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":114,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"Scientific Research Foundation of Hunan Provincial Education Department; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Implied volatility; Volatility swap; Volatility smile; Volatility (finance); Economics; Forward volatility; Volatility risk premium; Predictability; Stock market; Econometrics; Financial economics; Variance swap; Stock (firearms); Stock market bubble; Monetary economics; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Zhifeng Dai","is_ca":false},{"name":"Huiting Zhou","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fenghua Wen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shaoyi He","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01322580403509683,"gpt":0.1922799808770604,"spread":0.1790541768419636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002069543,0.0004654329,0.0008164144,0.0008863111,0.000328803,0.002825006,0.0006384608,0.0008236764,0.00157429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02346363,0.0006516231,0.0004114017,0.0006920983,0.001054497,0.003334177,0.0008601262,0.001596726,0.0001941835],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000519814,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009323893,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002490128,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002239966,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994782,0.0001629949,0.00004421735,0.0001105024,0.0001258349,0.00007839414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9841747,0.01157029,0.001998475,0.001030723,0.0008699099,0.0003558765],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003317764,0.0001805668,0.09393267,0.0001973112,0.0004538173,0.000948408,0.0003453428,0.4773139,0.009272142,0.3527805,0.005526771,0.05871676],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002335958,0.00003318597,0.02776193,0.00002350784,0.00004851624,0.00009541236,0.00003620678,0.8457463,0.0008232864,0.124905,0.0004668456,0.00003659544],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8855882,0.002503328,0.09848976,0.00413598,0.0002293669,0.00001420896,0.0003147829,0.0002793908,0.008444943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976428,0.0004347611,0.001133706,0.00004320915,0.0001304761,0.000003178861,0.00007269622,0.00003101607,0.000508105],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002825006,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01094496,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3094745637","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2020.101310","title":"The dynamic impact of oil price shocks on the stock market and the USD/RMB exchange rate: Evidence from implied volatility indices","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Economics; Volatility (finance); Renminbi; Stock market crash; Exchange rate; Stock market; Econometrics; Implied volatility; Forward volatility; Monetary economics; Financial economics","authors":[{"name":"Meiyu Tian","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wanyang Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fenghua Wen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02353503771902284,"gpt":0.2276824559917924,"spread":0.2041474182727695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001042547,0.0003172628,0.0003825189,0.001124145,0.0003261978,0.002200241,0.0005023451,0.0007951088,0.002768257],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009249013,0.0003526389,0.000412827,0.001936684,0.0006785613,0.001681663,0.0009147518,0.001246909,0.0005288354],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007078578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004431308,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0161219,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01912742,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996314,0.00007943129,0.00006058296,0.00004792634,0.000111053,0.00006956835],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9936945,0.002894897,0.002221973,0.0003006087,0.0005648554,0.0003231486],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002431914,0.0004857637,0.9616514,0.00008506897,0.0004097346,0.0005086421,0.0003345962,0.006984036,0.002935162,0.005510301,0.001078559,0.01758488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007266768,0.0001889884,0.9857655,0.00002338372,0.0001674699,0.0001036666,0.0005391896,0.00897476,0.001145252,0.001771063,0.00121841,0.00002979265],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973236,0.0001602463,0.00008797051,0.0002032275,0.000009254867,0.000003232403,0.0004108166,0.000005349843,0.001796435],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985034,0.0004361285,0.00003718183,0.00002422174,0.00001252825,0.000001317938,0.0006807669,0.000004990065,0.0002995277],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0161219,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03205609,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3039858541","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2020.101250","title":"Liquidity creation and bank profitability","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Market liquidity; Profitability index; Accounting liquidity; Business; Liquidity crisis; Balance sheet; Liquidity risk; Financial system; Asset (computer security); Monetary economics; Finance; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Ying Duan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jijun Niu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0205059166601436,"gpt":0.210340153318829,"spread":0.1898342366586854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009057796,0.00009917797,0.0001856515,0.0008982452,0.0005640449,0.003212185,0.000216081,0.001014414,0.009621062],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007057918,0.0001611478,0.0002237233,0.0006821518,0.0008757789,0.001507405,0.0008404664,0.001112754,0.0009999713],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008030568,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005273947,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001400393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002564236,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996966,0.0001410938,0.00002107737,0.00002907413,0.00003792886,0.00007431465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9890513,0.005725802,0.003141043,0.0001843862,0.0003509872,0.00154641],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002384135,0.0008644841,0.9254907,0.00007628241,0.0001869788,0.001037305,0.001302189,0.002286668,0.001552656,0.02454274,0.004548047,0.0357278],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001231164,0.0002535334,0.9581846,0.00006272383,0.0001590831,0.0005876844,0.002051639,0.003517354,0.0006361817,0.03039119,0.003996188,0.00003681539],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9850591,0.001760831,0.0002795397,0.002242724,0.00002144936,0.000005686447,0.0001270925,0.00001994476,0.01048349],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982111,0.0001937296,0.00002649654,0.0000605751,0.00003924795,0.00000176529,0.00003906236,0.000002604226,0.001425305],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009621062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03218561,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366364697","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2023.101924","title":"Interactions between investors’ fear and greed sentiment and Bitcoin prices","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Cryptocurrency; Granger causality; Economics; Monetary economics; Currency; Causality (physics); Asset (computer security); Safe haven; Pandemic; Sample (material); Investment (military); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Financial economics; Econometrics","authors":[{"name":"Brahim Gaies","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mohamed Sahbi Nakhli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jean‐Michel Sahut","is_ca":false},{"name":"Denis Schweizer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01399868763006558,"gpt":0.2238073747246462,"spread":0.2098086870945806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001397418,0.0001798473,0.0002744759,0.000464414,0.0004000043,0.003075909,0.0002487513,0.001532683,0.007805871],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0174989,0.0001822418,0.0002169299,0.0004571006,0.0006686944,0.001676267,0.0004799656,0.002115221,0.0008319169],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009412519,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003078569,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002695658,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004257151,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996655,0.0001215774,0.00002197947,0.00003806595,0.00007061718,0.00008227822],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9740627,0.01796976,0.005249141,0.0003208767,0.001034471,0.001363073],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005047859,0.0009732295,0.9247441,0.0001242336,0.0004131747,0.001077023,0.0009727984,0.01593176,0.007090143,0.01973195,0.005765944,0.0181278],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001463742,0.0004506081,0.9240922,0.00004488918,0.0001982781,0.0003110888,0.002214341,0.04099362,0.001888056,0.02707572,0.002478882,0.0001059131],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.992703,0.0001614178,0.0002679467,0.001023295,0.00001924214,0.000004137358,0.000119759,0.0000121704,0.005689056],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999233,0.00004222907,0.00001711122,0.0000432078,0.00001116365,0.000001371723,0.00004482457,0.000003477257,0.0006035255],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007805871,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02611327,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385218382","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2023.101973","title":"Global stock markets risk contagion: Evidence from multilayer connectedness networks in the frequency domain","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Social connectedness; Stock (firearms); Financial market; Systemic risk; Business; Econometrics; Financial economics; Economics; Monetary economics; Financial crisis; Finance; Psychology; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Zisheng Ouyang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xuewei Zhou","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yongzeng Lai","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02180334849283132,"gpt":0.2255882740527676,"spread":0.2037849255599362,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009354496,0.0002771608,0.0003638673,0.001173329,0.0003408981,0.001137426,0.0004146666,0.0005938992,0.002305882],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01434018,0.0003076653,0.000316586,0.001001636,0.0007791882,0.002503297,0.0006971921,0.0006788833,0.0002331525],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002646223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001094101,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004053385,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002706028,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997429,0.000100425,0.00001574519,0.00006486376,0.00004274482,0.00003329954],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9903293,0.006034934,0.00186576,0.0008645917,0.0005832987,0.0003220819],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001874329,0.0004206841,0.7940646,0.0002316737,0.001217056,0.0005594949,0.001826616,0.06134484,0.007981092,0.02573863,0.002121996,0.1026189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009866529,0.0003503557,0.6665539,0.0001127882,0.0006266998,0.0006906579,0.001079355,0.2343853,0.002383766,0.09199967,0.001653765,0.00006506412],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941421,0.0003522716,0.003599817,0.0002733151,0.000008556053,0.000005911133,0.0001277212,0.00001934242,0.001470922],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990714,0.0002009746,0.0004525979,0.00001524203,0.00001306884,0.000002284444,0.00009473858,0.000003492342,0.0001461009],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004053385,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008059561,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4288456120","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2022.101785","title":"Dynamic spillovers and linkages between gold, crude oil, S&amp;P 500, and other economic and financial variables. Evidence from the USA","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Yorkville University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Spillover effect; Monetary economics; Treasury; Exchange rate; Gold as an investment; U.S. Dollar Index; Financial crisis; Financial market; Shock (circulatory); Vector autoregression; Financial economics; Us dollar; Finance; Macroeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Petros Golitsis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pavlos Gkasis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sotirios K. Bellos","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0226444871380452,"gpt":0.2204954450937916,"spread":0.1978509579557464,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005722907,0.0001421711,0.0001812417,0.001453633,0.0003452869,0.0008978051,0.000233139,0.0004688029,0.002782837],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003153144,0.0002032007,0.0002825031,0.001973937,0.0005542049,0.0008173445,0.0009335717,0.0006343972,0.0002784501],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005399676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006676576,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05461386,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08338512,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999797,0.00005838135,0.00001877542,0.00004260989,0.00004246544,0.00004072171],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9959628,0.001878576,0.001229449,0.0001505054,0.0005383748,0.0002403008],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002557181,0.0001967861,0.9658219,0.00006908422,0.0003153487,0.0003133425,0.0004003074,0.001220067,0.0005756012,0.003725141,0.002109937,0.02499682],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001527523,0.00005818021,0.9934142,0.00005051387,0.0001724724,0.00008017293,0.00102952,0.0009463613,0.0002566478,0.001467286,0.002498113,0.00001127362],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9873381,0.001965418,0.0002774739,0.001380759,0.00002355143,0.000008021195,0.001013894,0.000008371068,0.007984406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969605,0.001753711,0.00008603372,0.00009563281,0.00002282342,0.000002518931,0.0005027789,0.000001113875,0.0005750204],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05461386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1085919,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2883145315","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2018.07.008","title":"Does the Malaysian Sovereign sukuk market offer portfolio diversification opportunities for global fixed-income investors? Evidence from wavelet coherence and multivariate-GARCH analyses","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Islamic Finance and Banking Studies","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Diversification (marketing strategy); Sukuk; Financial economics; Emerging markets; Bond; Asset allocation; Economics; Portfolio; Business; Fixed income; Bond market; Financial system; Finance; Islamic finance; Islam; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Rubaiyat Ahsan Bhuiyan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Buerhan Saiti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gairuzazmi Mat Ghani","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06028831855457426,"gpt":0.2604129762700901,"spread":0.2001246577155158,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000729316,0.0001625346,0.0002088783,0.0008254644,0.0001939163,0.001269786,0.0001568996,0.0003034356,0.001436352],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003361332,0.00009804403,0.0002510027,0.0009862591,0.0005215128,0.001340495,0.0005642287,0.0004264316,0.0001730827],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002957723,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002400672,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003126492,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004405453,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998028,0.00004789773,0.00001736164,0.0000375793,0.00005166804,0.00004260665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972563,0.0006861062,0.001443491,0.000197344,0.0002252553,0.0001915133],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002331077,0.00005260525,0.9577513,0.00006456902,0.0001853113,0.000493673,0.0009561536,0.001118408,0.001923474,0.004923296,0.0006493116,0.03164881],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007894531,0.00005828371,0.9914385,0.00002704309,0.00006902397,0.0001740294,0.001237883,0.00334295,0.0006033575,0.001685298,0.001342416,0.00001326207],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997171,0.0002896175,0.0002770101,0.000188624,0.000003781227,0.000002384388,0.00007198309,0.000002735018,0.001992942],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994574,0.0001949704,0.00007423936,0.00001787951,0.000009971565,7.1096e-7,0.00007012305,0.000001362961,0.0001732009],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003126492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006216586,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016061786","doi":"10.1016/s1062-9408(02)00063-3","title":"Inflation targeting in Canada: Experience and lessons","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Inflation (cosmology); Predictability; Inflation targeting; Monetary policy; Economics; Price of stability; Government (linguistics); Monetary economics; Economic stability; Macroeconomics","authors":[{"name":"David Dodge","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04371779597456948,"gpt":0.1979238434597328,"spread":0.1542060474851633,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003205366,0.0004330422,0.0005245061,0.0007887352,0.004401471,0.003308985,0.001302441,0.00222714,0.00240913],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007675392,0.0002056349,0.000321629,0.004307391,0.001498825,0.001127051,0.001210959,0.002081685,0.0003750134],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.05894336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.1438763,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9901873,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9927932,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962085,0.0004137652,0.00009132642,0.000160831,0.001563301,0.001562239],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9916664,0.0005199382,0.0003146016,0.0001323495,0.004976909,0.002389925],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001658175,0.001581602,0.1927402,0.0005758428,0.0002240963,0.001343242,0.01864883,0.006153285,0.001419157,0.02019912,0.1061165,0.64934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005155377,0.0009130577,0.4839329,0.000951599,0.0003785177,0.0009937416,0.04196434,0.005573694,0.004149948,0.004644568,0.4556098,0.0003721727],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7550432,0.0283644,0.001753717,0.1027737,0.0007154787,0.0001739064,0.001367434,0.0002064784,0.1096016],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9664029,0.01067478,0.00121615,0.004498797,0.0001346982,0.00002349503,0.0005347858,0.0000563817,0.016458],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9410566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.427666,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027107303","doi":"10.1016/s1062-9408(03)00021-4","title":"Revisiting the case for flexible exchange rates in North America","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"Agence Nationale pour la Gestion des Déchets Radioactifs","keywords":"Economics; Exchange rate; Monetary economics; Commodity; Capital flows; Empirical evidence; International economics; Price shock; Capital (architecture); Macroeconomics; Finance; Market economy; Geography","authors":[{"name":"John D. Murray","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lawrence Schembri","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pierre St‐Amant","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05297665385369325,"gpt":0.2355835556764178,"spread":0.1826069018227245,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004355925,0.0002807362,0.0007908308,0.001205123,0.003577115,0.008071045,0.001470508,0.007010146,0.009573134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01872666,0.0003986744,0.0006864088,0.001441877,0.006925947,0.007810196,0.002892876,0.009125758,0.0005429783],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003593031,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003819333,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07570587,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08812871,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983191,0.0005833823,0.00008766668,0.0002851368,0.0002705872,0.000453993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9905185,0.005783265,0.001306004,0.0006477354,0.0011213,0.0006233014],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009520267,0.00002987514,0.005316269,0.00009177108,0.0000351689,0.001510446,0.003606796,0.002185072,0.0002170193,0.9491006,0.02112894,0.01668292],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009291811,0.00002333767,0.01706337,0.0005308357,0.00006552011,0.0005627351,0.008256883,0.00367828,0.0001679497,0.847406,0.1220953,0.0000566805],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1909824,0.01740807,0.005954504,0.5019911,0.001946358,0.00002265801,0.0002866407,0.00005980846,0.2813486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9627999,0.005904023,0.0009493598,0.01907296,0.001977358,0.00001867323,0.00005022721,0.0000492329,0.009178272],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9242941,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1505305,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022472034","doi":"10.1016/s1062-9408(03)00018-4","title":"FTA at 15, NAFTA at 10: a Canadian perspective on North American integration","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Vedecká Grantová Agentúra MŠVVaŠ SR a SAV","keywords":"Scope (computer science); Perspective (graphical); International trade; Free trade agreement; Economics; International economics; Political science; Free trade; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Thomas J. Courchene","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02354342635913582,"gpt":0.1928529200329415,"spread":0.1693094936738057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005650585,0.001141342,0.001433339,0.006729284,0.04521586,0.01762807,0.003372263,0.01587322,0.01443657],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007991536,0.0008449447,0.001720552,0.0108259,0.01869107,0.01141915,0.006993344,0.01887195,0.000933517],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.1309465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.2078829,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9910883,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9929585,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9908457,0.001101309,0.0002981086,0.0009042127,0.002522398,0.004328228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957725,0.0005413027,0.0001963135,0.0001224054,0.002135545,0.001231908],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002397015,0.00002603052,0.00111676,0.00005959906,0.00001687988,0.0003268625,0.009979558,0.0002946486,0.0000869689,0.9177544,0.05563201,0.01468241],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004179611,0.00002416692,0.01314088,0.001352019,0.0001120203,0.000358675,0.03415138,0.0005218695,0.0001698686,0.1613586,0.7885306,0.0002381385],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02204409,0.03481789,0.002674189,0.2741627,0.003258525,0.00006586699,0.0003959119,0.0000602943,0.6625205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5504082,0.05267728,0.005337828,0.1734241,0.001954246,0.0002406926,0.0003895104,0.0002133997,0.2153547],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1309465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9500878,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388550036","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2023.102032","title":"Economic policy uncertainty, macroeconomic shocks, and systemic risk: Evidence from China","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Systemic risk; Construct (python library); Economics; Shock (circulatory); China; Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity; Vector autoregression; Macroeconomics; Financial crisis; Monetary economics; Econometrics; Political science; Volatility (finance)","authors":[{"name":"Xite Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Qin Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Haiyue Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zihan Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Qiufan Tao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yongzeng Lai","is_ca":true},{"name":"Linya Huang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01424078755451575,"gpt":0.2223600491674001,"spread":0.2081192616128843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001176119,0.0003204843,0.000531958,0.001395292,0.0008548778,0.00112045,0.000473184,0.0004940659,0.001493904],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002478385,0.0002226899,0.0005227587,0.003034531,0.0009379413,0.0006207896,0.0009160893,0.0004776564,0.000137048],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001386554,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00217681,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1220275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1169498,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996656,0.00007002737,0.00003118686,0.00005474382,0.00008544682,0.00009298261],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996512,0.001130888,0.001234032,0.0002516065,0.0004645341,0.0004069653],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002308779,0.0001228126,0.9861048,0.00005130011,0.0002371283,0.0003889663,0.0009954299,0.001476845,0.0003121458,0.00124944,0.0006009228,0.008229248],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003141429,0.00007139226,0.9959174,0.00001488844,0.0001546556,0.00004570272,0.0008759588,0.001591373,0.0001537531,0.000427188,0.0007023909,0.00001404754],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988043,0.0002750083,0.00004526126,0.0001698105,0.000002235601,0.000003402948,0.0001174938,0.000001416647,0.0005810567],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992782,0.0003272444,0.00001951969,0.00002873598,0.000006814526,0.000001564472,0.0001690461,6.917375e-7,0.0001682126],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1220275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2426345,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060399433","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2007.05.002","title":"Cost of equity for Canadian and U.S. sectors","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Capital Investment and Risk Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; Brock University","funders":"Concordia University","keywords":"Equity (law); Cost of equity; Economics; Econometrics; Capital asset pricing model; Estimation; Equity risk; Equity premium puzzle; Risk premium; Equity ratio; Financial economics; Equity capital markets; Cost of capital; Finance; Microeconomics; Private equity","authors":[{"name":"Zhongzhi He","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lawrence Kryzanowski","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03621987999719319,"gpt":0.2374372038275294,"spread":0.2012173238303362,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000643773,0.000222129,0.0002116253,0.002495864,0.0009490784,0.002314689,0.0007531837,0.000549951,0.005133237],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005388577,0.0001348923,0.0004407512,0.004145352,0.0003841447,0.0009314017,0.0005476332,0.0005287318,0.0002745272],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.03696207,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0212948,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9709572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9855523,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990146,0.00004713235,0.00002766868,0.0000644792,0.0004765045,0.0003696814],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968126,0.000327763,0.0004363512,0.00007305533,0.001944193,0.0004060064],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008156236,0.000115617,0.6834398,0.0002638906,0.0001886269,0.0005749519,0.0007442285,0.03138507,0.0009961771,0.06797399,0.1081753,0.1053268],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003680709,0.00006586865,0.9144034,0.0001186981,0.0001583845,0.000339169,0.002716616,0.02135623,0.001076131,0.004997252,0.05465574,0.00007572374],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8953177,0.006403924,0.0006178197,0.003983394,0.0001818605,0.00006216783,0.03278422,0.00009231585,0.06055642],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9879683,0.001145114,0.0001800268,0.00009290285,0.00002419066,0.000004912447,0.004063691,0.00001067618,0.006510281],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03696207,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2681799,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2772737802","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2017.11.003","title":"The predictive content of the term premium for GDP growth in Canada: Evidence from linear, Markov-switching and probit estimations","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Econometrics; Term (time); Economics; Bivariate analysis; Recession; Risk premium; Variance (accounting); Bond; Maturity (psychological); Markov chain; Mathematics; Statistics; Macroeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Ronald H. Lange","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03076419330708219,"gpt":0.2135582139198706,"spread":0.1827940206127884,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005364075,0.0005763271,0.0008918203,0.001400953,0.001490304,0.003330029,0.001571302,0.001490598,0.003459009],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03074774,0.0005332418,0.001244267,0.002038124,0.001728809,0.001419413,0.0009296786,0.002474755,0.0005570424],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007407777,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01087407,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9510199,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9189307,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988696,0.0002509149,0.00007776236,0.0002524942,0.0002433412,0.0003057774],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9613288,0.02767045,0.004066899,0.001840616,0.003595955,0.001497221],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009752015,0.0002365134,0.86787,0.0001341757,0.000785628,0.0003530564,0.001063429,0.08837866,0.0006606365,0.009928519,0.006688977,0.02292516],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001404785,0.00007820706,0.6636893,0.000147364,0.0004943343,0.00008562523,0.001081483,0.3208625,0.0007974739,0.00977442,0.002698406,0.0001504794],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927937,0.000930231,0.001607304,0.00119337,0.00003373418,0.0000144845,0.001877101,0.0001195578,0.00143057],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965384,0.0005896092,0.0002173194,0.00006024869,0.00002507509,0.000003916639,0.001731335,0.00002086313,0.0008132298],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04898012,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09853709,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4292771374","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2022.101790","title":"Multivariate risk aversion utility, application to ESG investments","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Risk aversion (psychology); Context (archaeology); Multivariate statistics; Economics; Corporate governance; Microeconomics; Asset (computer security); Financial economics; Expected utility hypothesis; Actuarial science; Econometrics; Business; Finance; Statistics; Computer science; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Marcos Escobar‐Anel","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01671286272100335,"gpt":0.2026020641946661,"spread":0.1858892014736627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003363763,0.001077968,0.001409649,0.001438942,0.0004481052,0.001758415,0.001107554,0.001087487,0.004665864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01737073,0.0004944302,0.0009470297,0.00193642,0.001524723,0.00274328,0.001682896,0.002448786,0.000244857],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001687092,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001105669,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007736284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005650259,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993874,0.0003816143,0.00002098825,0.00006877412,0.00008300506,0.00005820652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9954168,0.003370191,0.0002674437,0.000279892,0.0004068077,0.0002589366],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001389627,0.000153709,0.00407039,0.0001403535,0.0001081833,0.0002186419,0.0002647128,0.2230684,0.0006709681,0.7074017,0.004541524,0.05922241],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002186412,0.00004169994,0.001807689,0.00003013826,0.00003145732,0.00005752225,0.00006763889,0.6488618,0.000139137,0.3470532,0.001859272,0.0000286023],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07853843,0.002681479,0.8999532,0.002034274,0.0001632655,0.0001006786,0.0003101706,0.0003409121,0.01587763],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9083985,0.002937524,0.07041609,0.0001482897,0.0003421505,0.0001166859,0.0001863265,0.00009983609,0.01735455],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007736284,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01778948,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3036436844","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2020.101241","title":"On the relationship between the current account and the fiscal balance: The case of Canada","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Fiscal Policies and Political Economy","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Current account; Economics; Short run; Balance (ability); Error correction model; Econometrics; Distributed lag; Investment (military); Cointegration; Monetary economics; Macroeconomics; Exchange rate","authors":[{"name":"Zuzana Janko","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03132432933712272,"gpt":0.2155850131073784,"spread":0.1842606837702557,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001686398,0.0003142135,0.0008313693,0.002192056,0.006908103,0.009716626,0.002210117,0.003407014,0.01010824],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00973148,0.0003632017,0.0007797843,0.005696376,0.003829081,0.003427556,0.001860918,0.004087833,0.0002637063],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.07371342,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.06860663,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9941796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9955924,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989281,0.0001473207,0.00003598518,0.0001005943,0.0001885625,0.0005994728],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9946933,0.002286474,0.0005449944,0.00009651623,0.00153888,0.000839852],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005417328,0.0002299758,0.2477741,0.0002688137,0.0002593069,0.003143124,0.006440409,0.02935085,0.0004791522,0.654851,0.03064916,0.0260124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003581835,0.0001633523,0.4798608,0.0009789462,0.001528897,0.0008914325,0.05256814,0.07685917,0.0009171654,0.2486613,0.1366188,0.0005937439],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7965728,0.009603169,0.0006890275,0.04708565,0.000154395,0.00004681782,0.001883188,0.00003573228,0.1439292],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9883355,0.00335228,0.0002012834,0.0006657063,0.00004675837,0.000006309474,0.0001976724,0.00001347175,0.007181021],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07371342,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5348308,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3010957026","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2020.101178","title":"The impact of oil on equity returns of Canadian and U.S. Railways and airlines","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Equity (law); West Texas Intermediate; Oil price; Business; Economics; Monetary economics; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Robert N. Killins","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02989821804006583,"gpt":0.2279410261017142,"spread":0.1980428080616484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007013177,0.0002215843,0.0002073917,0.00119097,0.0007957516,0.002355268,0.0005822462,0.0006053094,0.002907224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006836489,0.0001264368,0.0003463089,0.001830796,0.0005731076,0.0008424473,0.0005099864,0.0008462311,0.0003687847],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01625292,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009643479,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9535875,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9703489,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993497,0.00004289843,0.00002454552,0.00004943252,0.0002651976,0.0002682523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9948755,0.0009749894,0.000856268,0.00009230561,0.002617454,0.0005834551],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006065512,0.0000878929,0.9596688,0.00003173204,0.0001269832,0.0003832054,0.0004326357,0.01285691,0.0009699069,0.004991017,0.005129444,0.01471491],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009001347,0.00003053949,0.9905466,0.00001259271,0.00003842973,0.00003401764,0.001047086,0.004896901,0.0003679568,0.0004276009,0.00256799,0.00002135765],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.991281,0.0003486045,0.00006176747,0.0008986995,0.00001649125,0.000004828157,0.001475272,0.000009544056,0.005903814],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970182,0.0002135193,0.00001733285,0.00003565237,0.00001054839,5.494815e-7,0.0007683073,0.000004658297,0.001931305],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04641253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1179237,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2789357597","doi":"10.1016/s1062-9408(02)00062-1","title":"Import competition and market power: Canadian evidence","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Competition (biology); Market power; Order (exchange); Economics; Marginal cost; International economics; Industrial organization; Business; Power (physics); International trade; Market economy; Microeconomics; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Aileen J. Thompson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03359775574325593,"gpt":0.1792745312279496,"spread":0.1456767754846937,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002123161,0.0004564096,0.000657081,0.005960004,0.003568098,0.003901462,0.001306496,0.0009837,0.02257513],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01592485,0.0003922165,0.0006462942,0.01668457,0.003481554,0.002090177,0.001189217,0.001461977,0.0009330845],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02726494,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02749108,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9876582,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9936664,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984009,0.0001290586,0.00008778965,0.0002018456,0.0007579357,0.0004224615],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9789827,0.007013796,0.003117602,0.0008337225,0.008643718,0.001408514],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002553542,0.0004223102,0.5781159,0.002329957,0.001124035,0.001472628,0.008240079,0.00286659,0.0007509828,0.1437377,0.1070014,0.1513848],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004277796,0.00008359393,0.8421271,0.001069918,0.001408741,0.0004153588,0.006949145,0.001125278,0.0008445982,0.01343103,0.1319292,0.0001882129],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5400759,0.08205489,0.0008311782,0.02529536,0.0001904028,0.0000860642,0.01844459,0.00005318081,0.3329684],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9491207,0.03451106,0.0004306016,0.001312856,0.0001240297,0.00001157886,0.003171158,0.00002453931,0.01129354],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02726494,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1978219,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025082926","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2007.09.004","title":"Inflation targeting and monetary policy in Canada: What is the impact on inflation uncertainty?","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Monetary policy; Economics; Inflation (cosmology); Inflation targeting; Monetary economics; Macroeconomics","authors":[{"name":"William Miles","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01782354723596928,"gpt":0.2143392266961117,"spread":0.1965156794601424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003199258,0.0004124011,0.00111557,0.001725144,0.004260417,0.008005944,0.001815285,0.00352184,0.006510222],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02306973,0.0004084027,0.001080448,0.006036102,0.001764398,0.001937111,0.001517894,0.003784533,0.0004284165],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.1260761,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.2628266,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9984848,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.998791,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9950141,0.0004831117,0.0001780354,0.0003153673,0.002072015,0.001937392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9829404,0.002784292,0.00193644,0.0001956175,0.009141344,0.003001872],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002260298,0.0005244858,0.6394618,0.001006371,0.001295925,0.001123459,0.004773526,0.02415186,0.0008536671,0.07727847,0.1031401,0.1441302],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000296814,0.0001104793,0.891194,0.000793653,0.000941519,0.0001663658,0.008667607,0.01827205,0.0009049027,0.01634933,0.0619718,0.0003314011],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6186614,0.04644552,0.0006184598,0.2701215,0.0009472931,0.00005934511,0.006942932,0.00008507039,0.05611847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9767479,0.01084943,0.0002725941,0.004741264,0.0002630502,0.000009183605,0.0008431848,0.00002999786,0.006243381],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1260761,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9147505,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2397767657","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2016.04.004","title":"Can statistics-based early warning systems detect problem banks before markets?","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Thompson Rivers University","funders":"","keywords":"Sophistication; Warning system; Portfolio; Econometrics; Early warning system; Business; Function (biology); Actuarial science; Economics; Financial economics; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Randall K. Kimmel","is_ca":true},{"name":"John Thornton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sara E. Bennett","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009820405280929635,"gpt":0.1737111088350229,"spread":0.1638907035540932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00344875,0.0007794222,0.001017984,0.002933491,0.0003709538,0.002581416,0.001026695,0.002148328,0.002382277],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03925582,0.0004143584,0.0002807742,0.001404026,0.0006347646,0.004194797,0.000786448,0.001435579,0.001001136],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005745342,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001581295,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003508815,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003948352,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989761,0.0003897409,0.000115114,0.0001727676,0.0002336926,0.000112555],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9799557,0.01046553,0.003904051,0.0009362468,0.004110878,0.000627687],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0019141,0.0007628495,0.3177337,0.0004035306,0.0004335805,0.0003985398,0.0003248893,0.1603371,0.00642901,0.02581012,0.05590216,0.4295504],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001843216,0.0003279707,0.05927452,0.00009517044,0.0001132532,0.000239566,0.0004098173,0.8750798,0.004827437,0.05392434,0.005416278,0.0001074824],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5932215,0.004093687,0.3522294,0.02770421,0.002493891,0.0002055702,0.002949759,0.004471177,0.01263079],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9676046,0.0005890509,0.02831178,0.0008990528,0.000514094,0.00004556638,0.000646672,0.00005801516,0.001331195],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003508815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01823896,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032508293","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2013.02.009","title":"Pricing options on stocks denominated in different currencies: Theory and illustrations","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Risk and Volatility Modeling","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Actua; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Valuation (finance); Markov chain; Econometrics; Currency; Economics; Multivariate statistics; Volatility (finance); Financial economics; Actuarial science; Finance; Computer science; Monetary economics","authors":[{"name":"Andrew Cheuk-Yin Ng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Johnny Siu‐Hang Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Wai‐Sum Chan","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02067292948402339,"gpt":0.2103594301841713,"spread":0.1896865007001479,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008930039,0.0008045408,0.0008854104,0.001174983,0.000849482,0.002056485,0.001296121,0.002278074,0.003859714],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003617637,0.0004389045,0.001515409,0.001751587,0.001932619,0.003522362,0.001224849,0.001951472,0.0003105335],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006041506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003996308,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001570547,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001146265,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997717,0.0001173559,0.0000160623,0.00001608703,0.0000556394,0.00002321398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990541,0.0007192626,0.00005457579,0.0000495862,0.00007519294,0.00004736023],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001770656,0.00002819646,0.0002983406,0.0000457799,0.00001173728,0.000253788,0.0001080629,0.0785726,0.0008037654,0.9132676,0.0007315443,0.00586078],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001822268,0.00001465187,0.0001568517,0.00001468384,0.00001113926,0.0001844641,0.000047946,0.4515973,0.0001412655,0.5469151,0.0008858658,0.00001249791],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2862286,0.009375043,0.5721064,0.004308826,0.0005354941,0.00008052134,0.0001559009,0.0002080392,0.1270013],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9238559,0.004528146,0.05668939,0.0002364563,0.0003761286,0.00006466883,0.00007799844,0.00004196876,0.01412926],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003859714,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01291209,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2651437141","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2017.06.001","title":"Impact of SOX on the returns to targets and acquirers in corporate tender offers","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland; Concordia University","funders":"Concordia University","keywords":"Tender offer; Bidding; Shareholder; Business; Sample (material); Enterprise value; Sarbanes–Oxley Act; Value (mathematics); Monetary economics; Accounting; Finance; Economics; Corporate governance; Marketing","authors":[{"name":"Harjeet S. Bhabra","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ashrafee T Hossain","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02680980440553789,"gpt":0.2198891957320206,"spread":0.1930793913264827,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005538877,0.0003040759,0.0006618387,0.0006017232,0.001126984,0.004562377,0.0007776665,0.002799011,0.01079381],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03681638,0.0002964462,0.0007128002,0.0005090728,0.002157776,0.001828019,0.001513448,0.003613573,0.00108069],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002800574,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002455331,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01214827,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01898681,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967242,0.001071471,0.0001519507,0.0001904818,0.0005400087,0.001321834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9427235,0.03672038,0.009330759,0.0008014413,0.001984177,0.008439729],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01695567,0.005006522,0.8876398,0.0001439878,0.0003375573,0.003536654,0.001967769,0.01521327,0.006257168,0.02636858,0.004298457,0.03227464],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004261027,0.001867337,0.967687,0.00005305698,0.0002612879,0.0004648756,0.004564366,0.01074114,0.00146072,0.01020727,0.002202726,0.00006420685],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933776,0.0002084606,0.00006270514,0.0008847221,0.00003501138,0.000008029956,0.00004570881,0.000008351999,0.00536928],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986344,0.00005046359,0.000008787298,0.00005434013,0.00003711422,0.000001458245,0.00003132327,0.000002789873,0.001179319],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01214827,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03610885,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392246923","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2024.102122","title":"Unraveling the multiscale comovement of green bonds and structural shocks: An oil-driven analysis","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Đại học Kinh tế Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh","keywords":"Bivariate analysis; Bond; Economics; Futures contract; Autoregressive model; Econometrics; Financial crisis; Bond market; Financial economics; Multivariate statistics; Monetary economics; Macroeconomics; Finance; Statistics; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Mobeen Ur Rehman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Neeraj Nautiyal","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rami Zeitun","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xuan Vinh Vo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wafa Ghardallou","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01343073889752115,"gpt":0.2176544567919481,"spread":0.2042237178944269,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001045342,0.0002307376,0.0003945909,0.001574694,0.0001842328,0.001079611,0.0002691528,0.0003805924,0.00112757],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005085279,0.0001595811,0.0004664088,0.001720371,0.0003500888,0.001117358,0.0007840366,0.0006935132,0.0001248546],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003268967,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000323803,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005156487,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004450279,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997509,0.00006892003,0.00002321742,0.00005209804,0.00005178009,0.00005315989],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982287,0.0007200494,0.0005790429,0.0001477466,0.0001996947,0.0001247558],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002202436,0.0001943576,0.8026341,0.00008351597,0.000523424,0.001382341,0.0009312496,0.08199784,0.01087262,0.04163629,0.001179759,0.0583443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001261593,0.0001031641,0.641184,0.00003161378,0.00009897286,0.0001973699,0.0008480818,0.3338403,0.001505179,0.0198362,0.002294418,0.00004813203],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9923217,0.0001337449,0.00654263,0.0001597643,0.000006998623,0.000005891183,0.0001490475,0.00001277587,0.0006675392],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986452,0.0001114915,0.0007916563,0.00001156201,0.00001560471,0.000002744767,0.0001747038,0.00000564422,0.000241476],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005156487,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01025295,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2903748041","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2018.12.009","title":"The demand for banking and shadow banking services","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Economic theories and models","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Demand curve; Context (archaeology); Inverse demand function; Microeconomics; Econometrics; Monetary policy; Demand for money; Complementarity (molecular biology); Monetary economics","authors":[{"name":"Apostolos Serletis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Libo Xu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01389856758814936,"gpt":0.1998934697484351,"spread":0.1859949021602857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005432625,0.0001709407,0.0004586785,0.0007126997,0.0003491031,0.002526256,0.0004889197,0.001567544,0.02711103],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006228059,0.0003143004,0.0004162228,0.001126558,0.0009398333,0.002373266,0.0004577652,0.001160868,0.002170995],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001993211,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008553336,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01382603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0185549,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996188,0.00008559507,0.00002575909,0.00005202855,0.00009264483,0.000125293],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9920155,0.005094287,0.001285427,0.0002168352,0.0005249722,0.0008629606],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001580144,0.0005210174,0.6875903,0.0003640215,0.0001840908,0.002270041,0.002948348,0.02700765,0.003414401,0.1850734,0.0310423,0.05800432],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001631348,0.0002104891,0.7444445,0.000114557,0.0001348673,0.001618184,0.008529295,0.07679494,0.0008528242,0.1363626,0.03067542,0.00009929432],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9559147,0.001573308,0.001778087,0.01199105,0.00005327569,0.00001327907,0.002551701,0.00003846555,0.02608603],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933369,0.0004490295,0.00006665971,0.0001995538,0.000129432,0.000004091397,0.0006004276,0.000008481187,0.005205552],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02711103,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09069538,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2033659053","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2014.04.002","title":"The small open macroeconomy and the yield curve: A state-space representation","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Yield curve; Yield (engineering); Economics; Inflation (cosmology); Monetary policy; Phillips curve; Econometrics; Interest rate; Forward rate; Monetary economics","authors":[{"name":"Ronald H. Lange","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04613853175262358,"gpt":0.2261523933194839,"spread":0.1800138615668603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001086687,0.0004625127,0.0008557878,0.001252365,0.000691528,0.003478639,0.0009868513,0.001332817,0.01021355],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005753494,0.0003310693,0.0009889667,0.002071817,0.002325254,0.005269343,0.001798672,0.001886128,0.0004399136],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009026655,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008479353,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006696085,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003011124,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996852,0.0001224563,0.0000154421,0.00006902291,0.00005939431,0.00004854974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974005,0.001679694,0.0002813269,0.0002492378,0.0001604137,0.0002288277],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004603013,0.0000428393,0.001311502,0.00002726248,0.00002565846,0.00007709509,0.000145755,0.1072263,0.0002254401,0.8797805,0.001226557,0.009864991],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001040955,0.0000235563,0.0007624628,0.0000115093,0.00001310388,0.00002994877,0.00006030291,0.3425143,0.00005522583,0.6549243,0.001580648,0.00001419896],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3104471,0.0023577,0.6250606,0.00766515,0.0001901881,0.00006958896,0.001123543,0.0003654204,0.0527207],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9828187,0.001139626,0.007966271,0.00009203398,0.0001960719,0.0000442216,0.0001953224,0.00005112399,0.007496656],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01021355,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03416777,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983387982","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2013.07.002","title":"Expected worsening or improving financial instability and the 2008 financial crisis","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University; Centre for International Governance Innovation","funders":"","keywords":"Financial crisis; Economics; Financial sector; Index (typography); Financial stability; Monetary economics; Financial system; Finance; Macroeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Manmohan Agarwal","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sean Walsh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jing Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"John Whalley","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yan Chen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01224134829731979,"gpt":0.1910492269887665,"spread":0.1788078786914467,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001156317,0.0001722743,0.0002082078,0.0005352543,0.0005556446,0.002197954,0.0002727403,0.001593129,0.004857975],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009174289,0.0001058935,0.0002247864,0.0009019412,0.0006349298,0.001830703,0.001010138,0.001606431,0.0004240785],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001744455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00103592,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01457326,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02874964,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996749,0.00006442074,0.00003419689,0.00004131681,0.00003744882,0.0001477049],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968768,0.0004640341,0.001709554,0.00005854604,0.0004344806,0.0004565153],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001570694,0.0002131881,0.9174809,0.0002307303,0.0000921736,0.0007415201,0.002621688,0.004462685,0.0005308394,0.01668955,0.02213554,0.03323054],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003403806,0.000120292,0.9747658,0.00008680028,0.00003927977,0.0001653291,0.004176704,0.001965612,0.0002525503,0.008526661,0.009839082,0.00002790929],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9497595,0.00126435,0.0002373646,0.03190105,0.0001794003,0.00001408872,0.002405212,0.00002690333,0.01421208],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973603,0.0004629281,0.0000597411,0.0007643176,0.0001450514,0.000006312714,0.0004629664,0.000005386769,0.000733043],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01457326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02897692,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080694125","doi":"10.1016/s1062-9408(01)00052-3","title":"Canada’s growing market integration with the U.S.—with a focus on trade","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada; Statistics Canada","funders":"Industry Canada","keywords":"Resource (disambiguation); Business; International trade; Market integration; Economics; Economic geography; Agricultural economics","authors":[{"name":"Wulong Gu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gary Sawchuk","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01575419216594404,"gpt":0.1626563005543019,"spread":0.1469021083883578,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006008235,0.0002381159,0.0002766539,0.001706728,0.007504793,0.00781414,0.0006199347,0.001421803,0.01088265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001828355,0.0001695263,0.0005355033,0.005457833,0.001876863,0.001703973,0.001739723,0.002642166,0.0007233126],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.05118544,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0988631,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9804463,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9938106,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998654,0.00005944259,0.00002246773,0.0001213443,0.0007212745,0.0004213248],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974304,0.00009774537,0.0001955913,0.00004483807,0.001320269,0.0009111248],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003206037,0.0001237678,0.1103839,0.0003821937,0.0002140394,0.002559389,0.00529555,0.00144697,0.00310178,0.2659983,0.4760222,0.1341513],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003412936,0.00003629052,0.1702411,0.0002188669,0.00005924912,0.000516611,0.008027747,0.0008348214,0.0007012404,0.005590739,0.8136763,0.00006297413],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1948628,0.01106445,0.001879607,0.3168581,0.003073981,0.00006724208,0.004302953,0.0002099875,0.467681],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8716376,0.009887247,0.003066264,0.03575816,0.000552741,0.00002265588,0.001571077,0.0001038397,0.07740033],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05118544,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3713781,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2135777727","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2012.11.001","title":"Nonlinearities in exchange rate determination in a small open economy: Some evidence for Canada","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Exchange rate; Economics; Nexus (standard); Monetary policy; Taylor rule; Monetary economics; Liberian dollar; Econometrics; Open economy; Markov chain; Small open economy; Macroeconomics; Central bank; Finance; Mathematics; Statistics","authors":[{"name":"Bernd Kempa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jana Riedel","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09484149359879734,"gpt":0.2428939794935361,"spread":0.1480524858947388,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001565178,0.000204457,0.000527053,0.001131314,0.003114678,0.002339563,0.001212359,0.0006342189,0.003526472],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01305996,0.0002915946,0.0004493274,0.003312758,0.002607414,0.001009498,0.001267309,0.001146958,0.00020657],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01604987,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01692668,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9907878,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9934308,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991585,0.0001176141,0.00004952876,0.0001397978,0.0002510107,0.0002835221],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9853128,0.005013281,0.002421992,0.0007599429,0.004807157,0.001684879],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005311396,0.00009978571,0.9745831,0.00005966034,0.000146234,0.0003866068,0.002452617,0.002627871,0.00030599,0.006149851,0.001781814,0.01087534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000577677,0.00003231383,0.9892815,0.00002686796,0.0001246057,0.00005165021,0.003051019,0.003157385,0.0001747872,0.001598252,0.002404432,0.00003937019],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948861,0.0003892848,0.0001372914,0.0009948699,0.000004682408,0.000008599856,0.0004843088,0.000006222563,0.003088686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984908,0.0002934802,0.00007472595,0.00005853216,0.000004504361,0.000002061157,0.0003199164,0.000004304424,0.0007515262],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01604987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1164504,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1988731490","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2011.06.001","title":"Back to fundamentals: The role of expected cash flows in equity valuation","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Valuation (finance); Equity (law); Financial economics; Ex-ante; Cash flow; Econometrics; Risk premium; Finance; Macroeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Stephen R. Foerster","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stephen G. Sápp","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05487205969933395,"gpt":0.2311570701572905,"spread":0.1762850104579565,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004206159,0.001120639,0.001072023,0.0011058,0.0009296666,0.007193192,0.001638596,0.003095268,0.01047373],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04808011,0.0009818297,0.0007117447,0.001375319,0.006108649,0.02298002,0.001607647,0.00964633,0.0006523178],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001813832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00131391,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004506713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00245005,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989604,0.000571067,0.00005252366,0.0001752454,0.0001482663,0.00009256916],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9738911,0.02206191,0.001253856,0.0008516251,0.001278894,0.0006625692],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008755322,0.00005551338,0.002778346,0.0001195812,0.00004012246,0.0001650495,0.0004487967,0.009190366,0.0002886471,0.95855,0.005102558,0.02317345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001664021,0.00001559328,0.001594172,0.0001135332,0.00001712014,0.00004300241,0.0001286709,0.01075318,0.0001095272,0.9840413,0.003146376,0.00002080643],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3907332,0.09650289,0.2484837,0.1426348,0.00473956,0.00007737595,0.00112953,0.0003266232,0.1153724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9610894,0.01697782,0.007052651,0.002189446,0.002883002,0.00002366806,0.0001228496,0.0001316707,0.009529531],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01047373,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03503811,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1881026161","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2019.100989","title":"Nonlinear exchange rate pass-through in timber products: The case of oriented strand board in Canada and the United States","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Forest Service; U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Exchange-rate pass-through; Exchange rate; Oriented strand board; Economics; Product (mathematics); Econometrics; Monetary economics; Structural engineering; Engineering; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Barry K. Goodwin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew T. Holt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey P. Prestemon","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0200096227154793,"gpt":0.1944961896431005,"spread":0.1744865669276212,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009554988,0.000199406,0.0005633875,0.0007758504,0.002392197,0.004091164,0.001265458,0.00169303,0.006829493],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005646498,0.0002999993,0.0005173397,0.001279689,0.002077245,0.001981935,0.001023299,0.001936273,0.0002662008],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01667406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007982707,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9516755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9659525,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996113,0.00006091765,0.00001274937,0.0000390877,0.000047939,0.0002280441],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982503,0.000659945,0.0002745313,0.00006807929,0.0003627092,0.0003843838],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001396634,0.0004081882,0.5572283,0.0001292884,0.0002396495,0.006117386,0.008318752,0.1191554,0.001496553,0.2643575,0.01724112,0.02391132],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004683633,0.0001951323,0.631956,0.0001710779,0.0005708763,0.0007573652,0.05288231,0.2247272,0.001704268,0.06663004,0.01967549,0.0002619941],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.988472,0.0002149841,0.000203374,0.001516337,0.00000685803,0.000008472455,0.0002953819,0.00001249707,0.009270142],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971823,0.000118088,0.00006983901,0.00005602034,0.0000023829,0.000001582152,0.0001019987,0.000004404471,0.00246341],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04832447,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1209793,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402126638","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2024.102282","title":"Cross-border ESG rating dynamics: An in-depth connectedness analysis of portfolio returns and volatilities in the USA and Canada","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha; International Laboratory of Mirror Symmetry and Automorphic Forms, National Research University Higher School of Economics; Ministerio de Asuntos Económicos y Transformación Digital, Gobierno de España; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha","keywords":"Social connectedness; Equity (law); Portfolio; Volatility (finance); Economics; Vector autoregression; Investment strategy; Financial economics; Stock (firearms); Financial crisis; Business; Econometrics; Finance; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Carlos Esparcia","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mariya Gubareva","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tatiana Sokolova","is_ca":false},{"name":"Francisco Jareño","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01197907901829053,"gpt":0.2577495414498944,"spread":0.2457704624316039,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005592885,0.0001953166,0.0003480084,0.001888303,0.0009815969,0.001985616,0.000828381,0.0005147144,0.001868989],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003385852,0.0001765666,0.0004461127,0.004061182,0.0005225953,0.0008838169,0.0007658318,0.0007865765,0.0001760485],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0101829,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007351194,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9789556,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9864812,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996629,0.00002556108,0.00001560503,0.00005644061,0.0001111742,0.0001283541],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997468,0.0003295128,0.0003873261,0.00008342927,0.001294553,0.0004372555],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001116302,0.00005799756,0.975746,0.00001602428,0.0001656281,0.0002400546,0.0007333558,0.005842377,0.0003643702,0.003047155,0.003522222,0.01015323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004833977,0.00001059788,0.9856861,0.00001174988,0.00004380759,0.00003811878,0.001043626,0.01106727,0.0001138868,0.0002768902,0.001687198,0.00001583555],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951459,0.0003219945,0.0001454009,0.0003263333,0.000004690912,0.000008200327,0.001447944,0.00001261128,0.002586852],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971644,0.0002034114,0.00008933869,0.00003476602,0.000003833835,0.000001631431,0.001395449,0.000005824014,0.001101313],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02104437,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07388246,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896454984","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2018.09.002","title":"Bank fee-based shocks and the U.S. business cycle","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Monetary economics; Market liquidity; Business cycle; Economics; Recession; Monetary policy; Stock (firearms); Financial crisis; Subprime mortgage crisis; Great recession; Positive feedback; Order (exchange); Finance; Macroeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Christian Calmès","is_ca":true},{"name":"Raymond Théoret","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02214493980810758,"gpt":0.1923050610157631,"spread":0.1701601212076555,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007022253,0.000189215,0.0003320384,0.001162297,0.0006463783,0.003210143,0.0002531496,0.001525599,0.006544447],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006279081,0.0001850931,0.0002681848,0.003027563,0.0006583099,0.001058647,0.0006363258,0.001411316,0.001102842],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002640023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001520658,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07630287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0998451,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997081,0.00008779184,0.00002765013,0.0000364863,0.00005978165,0.00008013077],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966363,0.001168312,0.001211683,0.00009898501,0.0004408666,0.0004437611],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00154136,0.0004134299,0.6985806,0.0001848544,0.0002421857,0.000757596,0.0008500297,0.0307826,0.0009210918,0.09071334,0.09991059,0.07510233],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001505092,0.0001315352,0.8633601,0.0002088731,0.0001878595,0.0002446719,0.001370398,0.03556205,0.0006261189,0.05886887,0.03920915,0.00007995808],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9156386,0.008875709,0.0011629,0.0344716,0.00054516,0.00001989023,0.00791247,0.0001921433,0.03118161],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927804,0.002301589,0.0000847138,0.000904172,0.0001136092,0.000003841769,0.001268478,0.00001923304,0.002524047],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07630287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1517175,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1108811219","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2015.07.002","title":"Explicit approximate analytic formulas for timer option pricing with stochastic interest rates","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Stochastic processes and financial applications","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Monte Carlo method; Mathematical optimization; Interest rate; Timer; Valuation (finance); Applied mathematics; Computer science; Valuation of options; Mathematics; Econometrics; Economics; Finance; Statistics","authors":[{"name":"Jingtang Ma","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dongya Deng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yongzeng Lai","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04323050579831266,"gpt":0.2351657193712309,"spread":0.1919352135729182,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0032083,0.001265352,0.00128936,0.002156096,0.0007114337,0.003245789,0.002424748,0.002320495,0.009753829],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01832755,0.0007045097,0.001177777,0.001941818,0.001666451,0.005451206,0.001675104,0.003209378,0.001203192],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001922437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00161322,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00256079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003314311,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993548,0.0002517382,0.00004529411,0.00004466356,0.0002323777,0.00007109602],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964572,0.002345886,0.0002519031,0.0002137733,0.0005369936,0.0001941713],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001374846,0.00003936442,0.0002502848,0.00006662443,0.00001457144,0.0001308459,0.0001273607,0.04426222,0.0005292697,0.9429861,0.001521259,0.01005841],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010804,0.00000627509,0.0000960357,0.00003183813,0.000010205,0.00008209192,0.0000346001,0.6076667,0.0001431366,0.3904711,0.001433075,0.00001425592],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0303312,0.002340704,0.9429038,0.001271687,0.0003625037,0.00007425446,0.0001536346,0.000232844,0.02232927],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6920553,0.004802022,0.2658609,0.0007412591,0.0009878532,0.000362713,0.0005150233,0.0006563986,0.03401855],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009753829,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03262979,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2972871181","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2019.101065","title":"Are the interdependence characteristics of the US and Canadian energy equity sectors nonlinear and asymmetric?","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"National Research Foundation of Korea; Ministry of Education","keywords":"Copula (linguistics); Tail dependence; Vine copula; Economics; Portfolio; Equity (law); Nonlinear system; Diversification (marketing strategy); Econometrics; Financial crisis; Financial economics; Monetary economics; Business; Physics; Macroeconomics; Mathematics; Statistics","authors":[{"name":"Waqas Hanif","is_ca":false},{"name":"José Arreola Hernández","is_ca":false},{"name":"Perry Sadorsky","is_ca":true},{"name":"Seong‐Min Yoon","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01147585072587134,"gpt":0.1926946159255225,"spread":0.1812187651996512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001003887,0.0001974759,0.0004220677,0.00285112,0.00114984,0.003205486,0.0009735767,0.0006204084,0.00632539],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009857053,0.0003114004,0.0005332873,0.004707251,0.001761308,0.002911976,0.001156379,0.0006931174,0.0005675055],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006860333,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006958706,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7663571,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8730896,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992467,0.00006634818,0.00003297756,0.00008102006,0.000193931,0.0003790266],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9934103,0.001781794,0.001984243,0.0003160521,0.001979722,0.0005280176],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001410639,0.00003717724,0.9615145,0.00003971197,0.0001199733,0.0001795506,0.001851065,0.002281747,0.001055638,0.01682319,0.001657532,0.01429891],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007792871,0.00000800353,0.9874992,0.00003636958,0.00004748123,0.00004595907,0.003962749,0.002343107,0.0002100437,0.004056593,0.001764965,0.0000177304],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9824714,0.0005857678,0.0003582613,0.001277014,0.000006193411,0.00001912972,0.0009551789,0.000008541301,0.01431848],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985245,0.000298331,0.00008174019,0.00006203994,0.000006174861,0.000002439266,0.0003858026,0.000003783988,0.0006352166],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2336429,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4700376,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2887574199","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2018.07.004","title":"Efficient control variate methods with applications to exotic options pricing under subordinated Brownian motion models","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Stochastic processes and financial applications","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Control variates; Exotic option; Asian option; Variance (accounting); Variance reduction; Econometrics; Brownian motion; Mathematics; Random variate; Valuation of options; Inverse Gaussian distribution; Asset (computer security); Monte Carlo method; Exponential function; Geometric Brownian motion; Monte Carlo methods for option pricing; Economics; Statistics; Computer science; Random variable; Markov chain Monte Carlo; Accounting; Hybrid Monte Carlo; Diffusion process; Mathematical analysis","authors":[{"name":"Ling Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yongzeng Lai","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shuhua Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lin Li","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":0,"score":{"opus":0.02880650209169463,"gpt":0.2445376230600182,"spread":0.2157311209683235,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005427409,0.00136597,0.001962686,0.002026388,0.0006956752,0.001812252,0.001939678,0.001950528,0.004155736],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01651554,0.001121908,0.001218438,0.001938004,0.002411872,0.002545947,0.003364719,0.003156774,0.0004265962],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007834794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001480673,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002573682,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002957331,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985479,0.000910721,0.0000700504,0.0001399404,0.0002573986,0.00007412117],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9904874,0.007449025,0.0004525421,0.0004210765,0.0008008101,0.0003891443],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001336087,0.0001725875,0.0006542379,0.0001494531,0.000122136,0.0001286494,0.000160444,0.2886282,0.002036651,0.6425937,0.001705557,0.06351479],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001656183,0.00001730493,0.00006484634,0.000007039557,0.00001008087,0.00001201774,0.000005775778,0.9310211,0.000201215,0.06782047,0.0008124885,0.00001118943],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.005429216,0.0003430974,0.993052,0.0001780635,0.00006980066,0.00001658964,0.00001650049,0.00006741803,0.000827396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3339015,0.001883774,0.648204,0.000320723,0.0006096416,0.0003706085,0.000220959,0.0004918437,0.01399707],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005427409,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3022801979","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2022.101744","title":"IPO performance and the size effect: Evidence for the US and Canada","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Saint Mary's University; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Initial public offering; Monetary economics; Business; Investment (military); Information asymmetry; Sample (material); Economics; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Lorne N. Switzer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nabil El Meslmani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xinkai Zhai","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009527107534982478,"gpt":0.174022550452761,"spread":0.1644954429177785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001918928,0.0002903482,0.0004817879,0.002518682,0.002317534,0.00260639,0.001500446,0.0009796385,0.008799652],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01858498,0.000227357,0.0005719463,0.00590218,0.003064383,0.001519285,0.001342401,0.001287461,0.0004123838],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01085478,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02090815,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9757143,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.982918,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982253,0.0001451415,0.00006975337,0.0002211692,0.000876908,0.0004617718],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9740046,0.006362082,0.006026624,0.0008707778,0.008294658,0.004441276],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003476657,0.00009331643,0.9724367,0.00007539818,0.0002178949,0.0002007262,0.00112589,0.0004592144,0.0001623729,0.004517373,0.006734645,0.01362881],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003465391,0.0000254615,0.9933026,0.00004915947,0.0001321533,0.00003528533,0.001481727,0.0002566043,0.0001017449,0.0006079819,0.003957916,0.00001477435],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9524408,0.004063298,0.0002024788,0.006013909,0.00006236663,0.0000324021,0.00354954,0.00003344427,0.03360175],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928066,0.001690288,0.00007078789,0.0003393344,0.00004263663,0.000005960674,0.001173213,0.00001909072,0.003852077],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02428573,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07875729,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2970250577","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2019.101059","title":"The rise of passive investing and index-linked comovement","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Economic theories and models","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"HEC Montréal","funders":"Fonds de Recherche du Québec-Société et Culture","keywords":"Index (typography); Economics; Econometrics; Monetary economics; Market segmentation; Financial economics; Microeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Vincent Grégoire","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01248807819618477,"gpt":0.1816800986242401,"spread":0.1691920204280553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001840117,0.0003531131,0.0007870519,0.00104538,0.0005645407,0.003546745,0.0008343148,0.001704716,0.004276904],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01611629,0.0002996986,0.0003816419,0.001219887,0.002462973,0.004578556,0.001751852,0.002252775,0.0002917392],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007598965,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003745222,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004496233,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004491258,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994881,0.0001232873,0.000036771,0.0001796758,0.0001214738,0.00005050172],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9882477,0.006253734,0.002247318,0.001478891,0.001001953,0.0007704378],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001889347,0.0001330642,0.02799619,0.0001713372,0.00009742317,0.0008863111,0.0007352397,0.003905486,0.001824212,0.900191,0.003152738,0.06071805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002949109,0.00006271895,0.02589825,0.00006391927,0.00004886053,0.0005659357,0.0002735374,0.02417041,0.0009112931,0.9417621,0.006179387,0.00003407552],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8411999,0.008277303,0.07051302,0.0134575,0.0005445436,0.0000256725,0.0002529144,0.000400094,0.06532916],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957349,0.0006862305,0.001096236,0.0001861127,0.0003329409,0.000003886431,0.00003245391,0.00002332134,0.001904012],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004276904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01430768,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125047768","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2018.02.004","title":"Overpaid CEOs got FDIC debt guarantees","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Business; Debt; Financial system; Finance; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Linus Wilson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yan Wendy Wu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00969566880752235,"gpt":0.1812068181844748,"spread":0.1715111493769525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003969138,0.0004315089,0.0004385104,0.002226303,0.002530192,0.004497582,0.0006103285,0.003720991,0.01877222],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02265405,0.0004928657,0.0005435997,0.0008322384,0.0009552262,0.001475019,0.00201429,0.004730831,0.00353428],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0039525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007044291,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02520317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05275652,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963743,0.0002724893,0.0001594839,0.0002573431,0.001244984,0.001691338],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9851656,0.002903522,0.001504996,0.001635103,0.006145624,0.002645061],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009812242,0.0005268565,0.2132876,0.0001927069,0.0001692395,0.001666397,0.002794068,0.0006214035,0.004733463,0.1072651,0.4889032,0.1788588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003371186,0.0003762444,0.2567958,0.0001984267,0.0001600972,0.0007376815,0.002056615,0.001127247,0.006182386,0.01344057,0.718467,0.0001208066],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5690034,0.002732637,0.00348315,0.06717788,0.005209069,0.0002726136,0.004257186,0.001481533,0.3463825],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7721873,0.0005035619,0.0009764223,0.01526787,0.001302057,0.00006412594,0.001387421,0.000142369,0.2081689],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02520317,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06279933,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4292551922","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2022.101796","title":"A novel estimation of time-varying quantile correlation for financial contagion detection","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Risk and Volatility Modeling","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Anhui Province","keywords":"Quantile; Estimation; Financial contagion; Economics; Econometrics; Quantile regression; Correlation; Financial crisis; Mathematics; Macroeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Wuyi Ye","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ming-Ge Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yuehua Wu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0203007930725096,"gpt":0.2099016572783201,"spread":0.1896008642058105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002325649,0.0007717888,0.001554205,0.001487037,0.0003542048,0.00126219,0.001757902,0.001139944,0.001782989],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009896802,0.0006549103,0.0008596912,0.001693504,0.000487396,0.001304484,0.001646394,0.00143581,0.000706512],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004525071,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001409889,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003549041,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003752489,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988877,0.0003028933,0.00007122162,0.0003333479,0.0002699804,0.0001349155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962064,0.002196426,0.0004378661,0.0003758181,0.000607243,0.000176216],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007670406,0.0005236957,0.0380115,0.0002499608,0.0006045409,0.0005414239,0.0001738003,0.3599082,0.03706817,0.02799003,0.005583584,0.5285782],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001025632,0.00003136073,0.001813772,0.000005890961,0.00001711816,0.00006392629,0.000007633211,0.9945399,0.00123156,0.001835634,0.0004276836,0.00001524996],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02473075,0.0002903167,0.9735714,0.0001082443,0.00005982368,0.00003425397,0.000178065,0.0005803652,0.0004467196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.55906,0.0005936534,0.4351211,0.0001845638,0.0003464682,0.0001375037,0.001469056,0.0001581488,0.002929505],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003549041,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01229936,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398247275","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2024.102197","title":"Information content of option prices: Comparing analyst forecasts to option-based forecasts","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"HEC Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Content (measure theory); Financial economics; Actuarial science; Economics; Business; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Anthony J. Sanford","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04026299200920636,"gpt":0.2108481021261351,"spread":0.1705851101169288,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01334089,0.0003704569,0.0005879194,0.003876547,0.0003048454,0.003035156,0.0006730161,0.001196026,0.002392739],"category_scores_gemma":[0.199112,0.0002585886,0.0005487771,0.002068405,0.000899443,0.006766805,0.001261461,0.001290044,0.0003124114],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008394927,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005417446,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002015574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000975075,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9943331,0.002417904,0.0004044919,0.0004769183,0.002098195,0.0002694615],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.7270244,0.246089,0.01080128,0.006257708,0.008744487,0.001083141],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.007053867,0.0007190356,0.4469815,0.0008351361,0.001961237,0.0007564178,0.004711028,0.1727288,0.007671117,0.09109108,0.006572069,0.2589188],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000378529,0.0009896709,0.3806908,0.0003018242,0.0005447794,0.0006575268,0.001845221,0.455491,0.005614805,0.148992,0.004187448,0.0003064736],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9628042,0.001463698,0.02346166,0.001611167,0.0001274739,0.00005015706,0.0008062251,0.0001553131,0.009519991],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973308,0.0002141397,0.001583314,0.0000701798,0.00008847749,0.000009702992,0.0004996709,0.00001817019,0.0001856267],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01334089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0705542,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1967638090","doi":"10.1016/s1062-9408(02)00116-x","title":"The impact of free trade with the United States on the pattern of Canadian consumer spending and savings","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Economics of Agriculture and Food Markets","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Almost ideal demand system; Consumption (sociology); Economics; International economics; Goods and services; Consumer spending; International trade; Monetary economics; Macroeconomics; Economy; Demand management","authors":[{"name":"James A. Brox","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01419889390311862,"gpt":0.1794141715895025,"spread":0.1652152776863838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001271372,0.0002663984,0.0004472133,0.003425902,0.004123827,0.00595496,0.000899908,0.001321705,0.008390921],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01079822,0.0002617682,0.00083302,0.006679889,0.00222184,0.00132472,0.001394693,0.00151631,0.0003899769],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.04837641,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03493388,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9912502,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9968002,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987217,0.0001121737,0.0000461574,0.0001126035,0.0003808331,0.0006265081],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9917746,0.001536651,0.001238506,0.0002205453,0.003416568,0.001813122],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006630876,0.00008163053,0.9503879,0.00006415434,0.0001950091,0.0003209206,0.002401351,0.002119336,0.0003023499,0.01808952,0.009811213,0.01556345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001273474,0.0000152621,0.9899682,0.00003249051,0.00005861653,0.00004837841,0.002743744,0.0006380195,0.00009475285,0.0006012807,0.005761937,0.00002454183],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.963192,0.002598249,0.00007975224,0.006805986,0.00005818334,0.00001515965,0.004722587,0.00002195497,0.02250614],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947484,0.0008550637,0.00004890799,0.0002390931,0.00002309342,0.000003644291,0.001142831,0.00001210835,0.002926694],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04837641,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3509971,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391127749","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2024.102078","title":"Asset pricing for the lottery-like security under probability weighting: Based on generalized Wang transform","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Lottery; Kurtosis; Weighting; Econometrics; Skewness; Economics; Actuarial science; Probability distribution; Asset (computer security); Microeconomics; Financial economics; Mathematics; Computer science; Statistics; Computer security","authors":[{"name":"Helen Hui Huang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jianchun Sun","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shunming Zhang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02498675442153022,"gpt":0.2157482095153903,"spread":0.19076145509386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004670931,0.00081883,0.002047539,0.001363624,0.0005424111,0.00224675,0.002047611,0.00179776,0.005012509],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01357661,0.0005854995,0.001719392,0.001605731,0.002497207,0.006219447,0.001510904,0.002081055,0.000493327],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001117349,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001413068,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002188865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001669644,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990413,0.0004833422,0.00004449941,0.000123842,0.000185871,0.0001210919],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9956327,0.002822487,0.0003218045,0.0003203008,0.000504327,0.0003984403],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001049345,0.00009672421,0.0008261685,0.00008943906,0.00006452556,0.0001809384,0.0001177507,0.1916349,0.001448526,0.7887719,0.001666425,0.01499775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009055007,0.00001359564,0.0001257556,0.000005232965,0.000009118126,0.00003855605,0.000009711788,0.9113421,0.00009997161,0.08816829,0.0001640869,0.00001442113],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06734091,0.0003695262,0.9279562,0.000677606,0.0001196372,0.00005144188,0.00005447836,0.0001003959,0.003329762],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8834638,0.001084183,0.09965908,0.0003486547,0.0003627016,0.0001430064,0.0002099584,0.0001891466,0.0145394],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005012509,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02470255,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968873077","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2014.12.004","title":"International long-term yields and monetary policy in a small open economy: The case of Canada","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Interest rate; Monetary policy; Globalization; Small open economy; Monetary economics; Vector autoregression; Inflation targeting; International Fisher effect; Inflation (cosmology); Nominal interest rate; Real interest rate; Financial integration; Open economy; Yield curve; Macroeconomics; International economics; Financial market; Exchange rate; Market economy; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Ronald H. Lange","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02960080496729454,"gpt":0.2147588408945426,"spread":0.185158035927248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000833197,0.0003891098,0.0007122933,0.001301189,0.007150188,0.006884488,0.001612653,0.002602407,0.004508845],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004810577,0.0002467104,0.0007024231,0.003066896,0.003670374,0.002145917,0.002004738,0.003009169,0.0001628508],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.06445003,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0558912,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9921356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9928539,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992347,0.00006390296,0.00002041825,0.00006224604,0.0001295955,0.0004892674],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971143,0.0006811355,0.0002751488,0.00006291011,0.0009750053,0.0008914225],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001118896,0.0004164305,0.110087,0.0002736428,0.0003277417,0.009368536,0.005443602,0.09712167,0.001534964,0.7152656,0.02850517,0.03053671],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008044401,0.0002741387,0.250324,0.0005653733,0.00167435,0.001253542,0.05887341,0.1917418,0.002407799,0.3832916,0.1079714,0.0008181507],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9144035,0.003776093,0.0008963085,0.01916196,0.00009724401,0.00004279143,0.0007144737,0.00004414059,0.06086353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929507,0.001529601,0.000163456,0.0002061578,0.00002267075,0.000005461462,0.00008291555,0.000007579821,0.005031453],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06445003,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4676199,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410274487","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2025.102447","title":"Common risk factors in REIT Returns: New insights","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Real estate investment trust; Business; Economics; Financial economics; Monetary economics; Finance; Real estate","authors":[{"name":"Alain Coën","is_ca":true},{"name":"Philippe Guardiola","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01676281948432622,"gpt":0.2024847048787689,"spread":0.1857218853944427,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00309505,0.0009386967,0.001829793,0.002518638,0.0008057212,0.005933949,0.001346993,0.0023961,0.00673296],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01941692,0.0006860854,0.001745529,0.002476808,0.002569664,0.007111752,0.002476273,0.003818946,0.0005811384],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001209768,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001200347,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008774484,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008634613,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984772,0.0003063752,0.0001014721,0.0003862217,0.0003282856,0.0004004324],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9747179,0.0155249,0.00522262,0.001944349,0.001277835,0.001312513],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003856565,0.0006778915,0.355441,0.0002640333,0.001106694,0.003360686,0.002408765,0.02918706,0.001919235,0.5103101,0.00624889,0.08869003],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008608882,0.0002559202,0.2327143,0.0001567443,0.0005419303,0.001256385,0.001866282,0.08533541,0.0006457252,0.6705935,0.006355978,0.0001918485],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.852555,0.01279674,0.09771973,0.01018867,0.0001890531,0.00008355149,0.0005430915,0.0001759146,0.02574816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99099,0.002286151,0.002002375,0.0001703144,0.0003791852,0.00001465347,0.0001313458,0.00002802777,0.003997761],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008774484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02252406,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407098767","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2025.102376","title":"Multivariate Affine GARCH in portfolio optimization. Analytical solutions and applications","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Risk and Volatility Modeling","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Multivariate statistics; Econometrics; Affine transformation; Portfolio optimization; Portfolio; Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity; Economics; Mathematics; Computer science; Financial economics; Statistics; Volatility (finance)","authors":[{"name":"Marcos Escobar‐Anel","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rudi Zagst","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02210979765520765,"gpt":0.2349374660034994,"spread":0.2128276683482917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001958373,0.001261895,0.001698149,0.001090802,0.0004293398,0.001782963,0.00106463,0.002508511,0.002374725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00854505,0.001002472,0.00120632,0.002539835,0.001295783,0.002182168,0.001252101,0.002602177,0.0004153083],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009871767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001183999,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006027545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004118223,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995744,0.0002075308,0.00002385397,0.00004772138,0.000100132,0.00004647396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973041,0.002036427,0.0002601971,0.00008358812,0.0002301068,0.00008553919],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003781872,0.000100663,0.001252111,0.0002624634,0.0001336946,0.000141186,0.0001119952,0.4857452,0.0005858598,0.4570138,0.005875872,0.04873938],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001063581,0.00001141762,0.0003133034,0.00002188885,0.00001671516,0.00002727605,0.00001609956,0.8024681,0.00006317605,0.1955814,0.001456464,0.00001361319],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02146655,0.0507325,0.9054784,0.003985938,0.000797337,0.0000386734,0.0001616705,0.0002524813,0.01708644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7719836,0.05507062,0.1391397,0.0006470063,0.004154202,0.000225774,0.0002942321,0.0002278081,0.02825708],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006027545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01198494,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410472933","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2025.102463","title":"Hedging downside risk for REITs","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Insurance and Financial Risk Management","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Downside risk; Real estate investment trust; Economics; Financial economics; Business; Finance; Real estate; Portfolio","authors":[{"name":"Jian Zhou","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01181889724819427,"gpt":0.2044342259987638,"spread":0.1926153287505696,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002688254,0.0005207575,0.0007696977,0.0006760406,0.0002077378,0.00159895,0.0006547191,0.0008338165,0.00117372],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00841464,0.0001993866,0.0005293634,0.0003896362,0.000473256,0.002109191,0.0008122703,0.0008760664,0.0001122155],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006317508,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002422243,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008822927,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007127302,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994441,0.0002204962,0.00003850532,0.00009535559,0.0001365193,0.00006505824],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973581,0.001332889,0.0007415903,0.0002601822,0.0002036617,0.0001035333],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006522452,0.0001258428,0.01987625,0.0001577493,0.0001497948,0.0006148525,0.0001562052,0.8594761,0.007501424,0.06157004,0.0006631297,0.04905632],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001896812,0.0002641367,0.005107406,0.00002451913,0.0000279958,0.0001490356,0.00006144419,0.9759548,0.00232733,0.0154239,0.0006153745,0.00002506392],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8934947,0.0008046828,0.1009523,0.0002170806,0.00002837364,0.00003829701,0.00007798253,0.00008996542,0.004296732],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953415,0.0001406473,0.003664122,0.00001472128,0.000009519853,0.000007108036,0.00003985721,0.000008663314,0.0007738534],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002688254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01421702,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2554069317","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2016.10.016","title":"The expected real yield and inflation components of the nominal yield curve","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Yield curve; Inflation (cosmology); Yield (engineering); Economics; Phillips curve; Econometrics; Curvature; Real interest rate; Nominal interest rate; Mathematics; Monetary policy; Interest rate; Keynesian economics; Monetary economics; Geometry","authors":[{"name":"Ronald H. Lange","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04567720207598918,"gpt":0.2034720283248324,"spread":0.1577948262488432,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001788545,0.0003657512,0.0003595323,0.0008839382,0.0001612997,0.001934886,0.0005954405,0.0008328374,0.004769135],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02583773,0.000347031,0.0004213405,0.0007480736,0.0006296716,0.003076732,0.0006046212,0.001197484,0.0009608649],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009841227,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000693388,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001840744,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008658721,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995137,0.0001350956,0.00002814621,0.00009276815,0.0001728557,0.00005737031],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9937476,0.004263824,0.0005960597,0.000233128,0.0009268077,0.0002325409],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007052764,0.0000820114,0.07919368,0.0002419229,0.000172268,0.0008508689,0.0004565053,0.3105888,0.00506392,0.5245098,0.004765467,0.07336955],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004320081,0.00009406121,0.1357632,0.00008369896,0.00006166903,0.001154138,0.0002529491,0.504567,0.002074097,0.3494067,0.006388829,0.000110458],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7204673,0.002514842,0.2208045,0.004970636,0.0002287876,0.00006497765,0.002892788,0.0004667247,0.04758937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9893774,0.0007595472,0.003479152,0.00006203214,0.00008251843,0.00001564885,0.000791743,0.0000585639,0.005373242],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004769135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01595438,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285045662","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2022.101765","title":"Idiosyncratic volatility puzzle exists at the country level","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Volatility (finance); Economics; Volatility risk premium; Volatility swap; Stock (firearms); Stock market volatility; Systematic risk; Econometrics; Implied volatility; Financial economics; Volatility smile; Stock market; Monetary economics","authors":[{"name":"Zhongzhi He","is_ca":true},{"name":"Wenjun Xue","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02879060698033911,"gpt":0.2001496458342032,"spread":0.1713590388538641,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008675205,0.0002394521,0.001265855,0.001117281,0.0005107526,0.004153626,0.0003852841,0.001193848,0.00477831],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004480904,0.0003107171,0.0007038453,0.002269189,0.0007263304,0.003095559,0.001500948,0.001638383,0.0007371327],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003699892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004694587,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002689022,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003034876,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996309,0.00006773878,0.00002881865,0.0001173083,0.00006310909,0.00009205772],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9956377,0.001266675,0.001848031,0.0005514316,0.0003974271,0.0002987854],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007919162,0.0001403745,0.7312402,0.0002496257,0.002179343,0.002507973,0.001425185,0.01736935,0.004024205,0.1435982,0.01734073,0.07913291],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001115121,0.0001677628,0.8110679,0.00019372,0.001136886,0.001846757,0.002935655,0.0180521,0.001949086,0.1437613,0.01864915,0.0001281739],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9560629,0.002745585,0.006722355,0.006050027,0.0001399916,0.00001088283,0.001364117,0.000186066,0.02671807],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997006,0.0005506296,0.0002496089,0.0002276888,0.00005922022,0.000002695186,0.0004507369,0.00002305544,0.001430389],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00477831,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01598501,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7117556993","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2025.102574","title":"The debt-growth nexus in Canada: evidence from an open-economy ARDL model","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Fiscal Policies and Political Economy","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Newport","keywords":"Distributed lag; Nexus (standard); Debt; Prudence; Interest rate; Debt-to-GDP ratio; External debt; Real gross domestic product; Fiscal policy; Real interest rate","authors":[{"name":"George K. Zestos","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yixiao Jiang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert C. Winder","is_ca":false},{"name":"Charles Matzen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02270247002279614,"gpt":0.2233195283972512,"spread":0.200617058374455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003345486,0.0009044873,0.001791966,0.001363895,0.003956565,0.006716208,0.003638058,0.002221322,0.007433342],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01465162,0.000678603,0.001292792,0.003671867,0.002145787,0.002493297,0.001678699,0.003667087,0.0008389446],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.04475507,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.04361548,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9936081,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9919938,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987097,0.0002122179,0.00007614087,0.0002495873,0.0002481831,0.000504119],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9836999,0.00650028,0.001987173,0.0007659621,0.005105314,0.001941323],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003895679,0.001472281,0.3748914,0.0005664967,0.001267265,0.001282669,0.002361222,0.4075262,0.0005300662,0.09395029,0.07744942,0.03480709],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001958338,0.0003874557,0.2091216,0.000438161,0.001684535,0.0001640572,0.006557483,0.7059526,0.001215383,0.04134785,0.03059912,0.0005733554],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9683945,0.0029138,0.001619592,0.006910362,0.0001161829,0.00006094786,0.009041246,0.0002710467,0.01067234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9874821,0.001662339,0.0005233673,0.0002978211,0.00004682531,0.00001670576,0.005289381,0.00006439691,0.004617097],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.955245,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3247223,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385439014","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2023.101968","title":"Valuing rebate options and equity-linked products","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Stochastic processes and financial applications","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Equity (law); Black–Scholes model; Extension (predicate logic); Actuarial science; Economics; Business; Microeconomics; Econometrics; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Hangsuck Lee","is_ca":false},{"name":"Himchan Jeong","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gaeun Lee","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03849777960074838,"gpt":0.2418031717074025,"spread":0.2033053921066541,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003925819,0.001127435,0.001253159,0.001389248,0.0003593683,0.003919801,0.001124456,0.003014798,0.004492855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0209667,0.0005757394,0.0008264131,0.001078396,0.00150875,0.009568704,0.001299281,0.002007032,0.0002859994],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001410164,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008167945,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001137813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001133972,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989824,0.0005334365,0.000052885,0.0001429184,0.000205015,0.00008330824],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9929442,0.005624566,0.0004661624,0.0002657203,0.0003423268,0.0003570461],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004512833,0.0002152652,0.00485325,0.0002251111,0.0001403147,0.0007502029,0.0003553703,0.4328483,0.003447849,0.5057796,0.001495873,0.04943755],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002304344,0.0001410517,0.002019616,0.0000781862,0.00003356025,0.0001270776,0.0001541179,0.546922,0.0008058578,0.4478541,0.00180275,0.00003870704],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6450116,0.005414511,0.3190443,0.002276317,0.0003187327,0.000126527,0.0002629053,0.0002019287,0.02734316],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9786872,0.000932867,0.01230375,0.00005447006,0.00009195579,0.00002431215,0.0001124949,0.00003633946,0.007756589],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004492855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02076197,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125814860","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2024.102153","title":"Pricing exchange options under stochastic correlation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Stochastic processes and financial applications","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Financial economics; Economics; Econometrics; Mathematical economics","authors":[{"name":"Enrique Villamor","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pablo Olivares","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02018493382532751,"gpt":0.2160791356482077,"spread":0.1958942018228802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006154164,0.0009497856,0.002104784,0.001333399,0.0005041417,0.004639364,0.00151308,0.003775829,0.003187057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03727052,0.0012567,0.001376752,0.001750022,0.002694026,0.008484589,0.002209557,0.003415656,0.0002870319],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00140557,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001579104,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001265468,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008808522,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975451,0.001266444,0.0001510403,0.000221447,0.000582836,0.0002332064],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9727659,0.02136568,0.002666093,0.0008518272,0.00124635,0.001104098],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000247355,0.00007856426,0.001935575,0.00007145033,0.0001005336,0.0006598523,0.000123853,0.3373136,0.001132208,0.650564,0.0008360782,0.00693686],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004605324,0.00004261447,0.0004222178,0.00001425217,0.00001985433,0.0001108742,0.00001898296,0.8525152,0.0002331902,0.1463075,0.0002408125,0.00002855802],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4140268,0.001365808,0.5705909,0.003804555,0.0003757275,0.00007698411,0.0001306199,0.0003237025,0.009304916],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9812716,0.0007036032,0.0120424,0.0001611205,0.000329482,0.00004508047,0.00009502395,0.00007863936,0.005273086],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006154164,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0325467,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}