{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":64,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":64,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"341386538542","filters":{"venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics"}},"results":[{"id":"W3122042203","doi":"10.1111/j.1756-2171.2010.00107.x","title":"Net neutrality and investment incentives","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Digital Platforms and Economics","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":257,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Victoria University; Institute of Circulatory and Respiratory Health; Victoria University of Wellington","keywords":"Incentive; Net neutrality; Investment (military); Internet service provider; Neutrality; Welfare; Business; Public economics; The Internet; Economics; Microeconomics; Market economy; Law","authors":[{"name":"Jay Pil Choi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Byung-Cheol Kim","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01524596940046651,"gpt":0.1866155355328425,"spread":0.171369566132376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004809419,0.0003370161,0.0002872632,0.0006109623,0.0007953952,0.002752092,0.0006422128,0.001276476,0.007004293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01067978,0.0002410944,0.0004069003,0.0003511521,0.003894936,0.002869011,0.001635024,0.001786152,0.0004116226],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002460288,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001542417,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001033098,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001048867,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972931,0.0008973085,0.0001182829,0.0003088328,0.0008504796,0.0005320396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9911807,0.004183651,0.002411078,0.0007313565,0.0009775345,0.0005156396],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001208212,0.00008070441,0.00477046,0.00007814296,0.00002675325,0.00007203151,0.0001468479,0.008072816,0.001712018,0.9683995,0.001209193,0.0153107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001203704,0.0003222305,0.01244109,0.0001965271,0.00006680901,0.0001893636,0.0003438894,0.01668207,0.004449286,0.9311712,0.03396446,0.00005265835],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4577451,0.001574124,0.08090724,0.007613271,0.0002480742,0.0001616306,0.0002497634,0.000129871,0.451371],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894946,0.0002818399,0.002135875,0.0005925546,0.00006845575,0.00004729813,0.0000282678,0.00001106261,0.007339938],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007004293,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02543497,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3124057883","doi":"10.1111/j.1756-2171.2011.00150.x","title":"Consumer search and dynamic price dispersion: an application to gasoline markets","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":206,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Price dispersion; Search cost; Dispersion (optics); Economics; Microeconomics; Gasoline; Intersection (aeronautics); Econometrics; Imperfect; Limit price; Perfect information; Key (lock); Panel data; Price level; Monetary economics; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Ambarish Chandra","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mariano Tappata","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02645356159041849,"gpt":0.2399030634632747,"spread":0.2134495018728562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00249122,0.000405533,0.001136355,0.002235814,0.000884638,0.001671525,0.0009871945,0.001919232,0.005005233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02502302,0.0003941234,0.001214486,0.004076949,0.001502595,0.002958862,0.001293557,0.001851677,0.0001976899],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001504233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007808086,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02268009,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01345348,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993609,0.0002831336,0.00003636148,0.0001127011,0.0001196439,0.00008737002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9681063,0.02644538,0.003617131,0.0008445767,0.0006088373,0.0003778009],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007306637,0.0009447139,0.349265,0.0005073356,0.00116441,0.002248266,0.00265629,0.3399239,0.001775004,0.2120332,0.005065373,0.08368585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001855448,0.0003041944,0.09344178,0.0000803143,0.0002077431,0.0005148239,0.00104638,0.723425,0.0005560506,0.176794,0.00328555,0.0001586929],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9417892,0.003699376,0.04179365,0.003422495,0.00004894975,0.00009524326,0.0006231765,0.0001289667,0.008399086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950072,0.0008078495,0.003240757,0.00007362627,0.00007928077,0.00001805277,0.0001303586,0.00001151879,0.0006313609],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02268009,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04509616,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4280508082","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12408","title":"Should platforms be allowed to sell on their own marketplaces?","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Digital Platforms and Economics","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":191,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Quest University Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Imitation; Harm; Dual (grammatical number); Product (mathematics); Business; Mode (computer interface); Dual mode; Economic surplus; Industrial organization; Welfare; Commerce; Computer science; Economics; Market economy; Human–computer interaction; Engineering; Law","authors":[{"name":"Andrei Hagiu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tat‐How Teh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Julian Wright","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04775093876851454,"gpt":0.2040514604916893,"spread":0.1563005217231748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003330767,0.000346862,0.0005387787,0.0005903777,0.001854133,0.00516373,0.001298977,0.00490228,0.01618917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01450796,0.0004599241,0.0005862385,0.0004081567,0.004494787,0.007400386,0.002506557,0.00392254,0.001731639],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001479397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001660711,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003447208,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002910361,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981847,0.0005883487,0.00005304787,0.0003024519,0.0004269305,0.0004444019],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9908131,0.003687349,0.001562949,0.00204531,0.0009571401,0.0009340037],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003485847,0.0002833366,0.006248821,0.0001000468,0.00004531366,0.0003554035,0.0004232632,0.007186387,0.003718567,0.9463249,0.007205499,0.0277599],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001947387,0.0002408079,0.005216293,0.0001602014,0.00007102713,0.0003293341,0.001084008,0.03286915,0.003604855,0.9110713,0.04507514,0.00008319188],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5430754,0.0006572499,0.06204218,0.02806994,0.0003910929,0.0001383381,0.0003104617,0.0002367793,0.3650786],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9882759,0.0001378325,0.001955905,0.001200736,0.00008211695,0.00004642861,0.00002596716,0.00002365176,0.008251457],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01618917,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05415821,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2130811045","doi":"10.1111/j.0741-6261.2007.00129.x","title":"Do enhancements to loyalty programs affect demand? The impact of international frequent flyer partnerships on domestic airline demand","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Aviation Industry Analysis and Trends","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":138,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Exploit; Scope (computer science); Loyalty; Business; Affect (linguistics); On demand; Market power; Marketing; Advertising; Economics; Commerce; Market economy; Computer science; Computer security","authors":[{"name":"Mara Lederman","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08367516349794862,"gpt":0.3224944252535275,"spread":0.2388192617555789,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008150188,0.0001673407,0.0002538428,0.0003540306,0.0002861643,0.001349881,0.0003273826,0.0008125926,0.007107316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008214447,0.0001689689,0.0003750041,0.0005176913,0.000362267,0.00103302,0.0006067288,0.001082608,0.0004929474],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007727746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003658018,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005861953,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0105202,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991455,0.0003441154,0.00003784581,0.0001098766,0.0001231813,0.0002394947],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9876336,0.005901969,0.004017944,0.0005852053,0.000556446,0.001304893],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007629161,0.001296053,0.970399,0.00004499018,0.0001622015,0.0001431624,0.0003191345,0.001900514,0.002090052,0.0009982237,0.0005005092,0.0213832],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001710399,0.0003885784,0.9943572,0.00001284545,0.00005836521,0.00007443236,0.001097568,0.001900096,0.0003938812,0.0004216486,0.001269581,0.000008751764],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953938,0.0001047244,0.0001043384,0.0003171292,0.000005453326,0.000006066921,0.0001252105,0.000002728657,0.003940584],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989291,0.00006729216,0.00006305065,0.00008251619,0.00001104355,0.000004218333,0.0001114067,0.000001748484,0.0007296439],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007107316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02377635,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3122741346","doi":"10.1111/j.1756-2171.2006.tb00025.x","title":"Price‐matching guarantees","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Merger and Competition Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":131,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Matching (statistics); Credibility; Incentive; Cartel; Microeconomics; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Sridhar Moorthy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ralph A. Winter","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01814902543478709,"gpt":0.1939562085705515,"spread":0.1758071831357644,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01076401,0.0004247141,0.001538444,0.00133181,0.001902754,0.004588766,0.00207895,0.005679112,0.0259509],"category_scores_gemma":[0.09187606,0.0007396544,0.0006820809,0.001270209,0.00522875,0.008945984,0.002856226,0.004389139,0.002087181],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001572292,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001783247,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006591995,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005482471,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9882924,0.003282978,0.0007416898,0.002185065,0.00391822,0.001579711],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9050221,0.04835701,0.02491581,0.01351017,0.005637695,0.002557279],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003567342,0.0001321886,0.004713686,0.0001434521,0.00004695467,0.0003050486,0.0003100259,0.002198192,0.002258331,0.9531052,0.003218895,0.03321131],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002115762,0.0002619119,0.007637744,0.00009420684,0.0000638776,0.0005340781,0.0003409607,0.01695784,0.002749368,0.950114,0.02096505,0.00006954794],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4695293,0.001901864,0.1294838,0.01729529,0.0004474907,0.0002796089,0.000524091,0.0006654648,0.3798731],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9889104,0.0002641128,0.00504916,0.0008846023,0.0002169473,0.00005940321,0.00005204481,0.00004833215,0.004515016],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0259509,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08681446,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388179902","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12453","title":"Data‐enabled learning, network effects, and competitive advantage","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Digital Platforms and Economics","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":131,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Quest University Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Pooling; Competition (biology); Competitive advantage; Competitive learning; Affect (linguistics); Business; Industrial organization; Computer science; Microeconomics; Deep learning; Marketing; Artificial intelligence; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Andrei Hagiu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Julian Wright","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02020660228880237,"gpt":0.2085022547164733,"spread":0.188295652427671,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001699699,0.0004846106,0.0005656311,0.0008730553,0.000826549,0.002764835,0.0009564538,0.001631777,0.01041185],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006286559,0.0002462164,0.0005226217,0.0008172344,0.002991114,0.003717367,0.00160427,0.001216976,0.0004152103],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002690204,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009164718,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008546916,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006891923,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993871,0.0002783373,0.00001651441,0.00008379579,0.00007282083,0.0001613279],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9918703,0.005838919,0.001268674,0.0003062041,0.0002707662,0.0004451042],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002306672,0.0002295924,0.00733652,0.00007706779,0.00007581192,0.0002236765,0.0002116396,0.4002981,0.001060227,0.5775967,0.001536757,0.01112324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001467223,0.0001342881,0.003266683,0.00003938844,0.00005987137,0.00007490539,0.0003042382,0.5595772,0.0005030805,0.4328831,0.002957165,0.00005330171],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7352526,0.001075303,0.1183113,0.007326217,0.00007727868,0.0001525162,0.0005688712,0.0001087187,0.1371272],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996446,0.0001825731,0.001171121,0.00008270395,0.00001920127,0.00002179922,0.00001737704,0.000004491836,0.002054811],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01041185,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03483117,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2189367474","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12168","title":"Pass‐through in a concentrated industry: empirical evidence and regulatory implications","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":96,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Revenue; Economics; Econometric model; Econometrics; Econometric analysis; Environmental regulation; Downstream (manufacturing); Industrial organization; Microeconomics; Macroeconomics; Public economics; Accounting; Operations management","authors":[{"name":"Nathan Miller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew Osborne","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gloria Sheu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4312506899188226,"gpt":0.3577739987874289,"spread":0.07347669113139377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00371102,0.0003538629,0.0007577708,0.0022062,0.0006413494,0.002270999,0.0009555921,0.001138598,0.004307344],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02260977,0.0004236658,0.001079545,0.002083049,0.001710868,0.002506783,0.001386961,0.0009160881,0.0005529133],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001117537,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009505778,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0243692,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01813892,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998509,0.0003734232,0.0001516733,0.0003711425,0.0003302231,0.0002645594],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9455581,0.02333676,0.02448865,0.003469641,0.002123622,0.001023269],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006725918,0.0007133827,0.8712295,0.0003264777,0.00111749,0.00206726,0.001667736,0.06428402,0.001957422,0.01502773,0.002803595,0.03813279],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001093734,0.0007739555,0.8926838,0.0002050101,0.000838979,0.0007615217,0.001810645,0.06965873,0.005902443,0.01859507,0.008549372,0.000111101],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9875786,0.0006657548,0.005709311,0.0002927909,0.000007805026,0.00003681281,0.000694164,0.00008186453,0.004932915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973128,0.0003810539,0.0004780964,0.00003662986,0.00002187753,0.00001667654,0.0008030318,0.00001038458,0.0009392875],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0243692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0484547,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2478383888","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12136","title":"Diversification of geographic risk in retail bank networks: evidence from bank expansion after the Riegle‐Neal Act","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"HEC Montréal; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Diversification (marketing strategy); Limiting; Counterfactual conditional; Business; Value at risk; Economics; Risk management; Finance; Marketing","authors":[{"name":"Vı́ctor Aguirregabiria","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert Clark","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hui Wang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02614271892609761,"gpt":0.2075644457574295,"spread":0.1814217268313319,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001973841,0.0001159214,0.000199519,0.001003478,0.0006637846,0.001551122,0.0004904703,0.0007416572,0.003848572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01618821,0.0001804699,0.0002171503,0.001674937,0.001678058,0.001599721,0.001214527,0.001056726,0.0005376188],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008318175,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003400092,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0149604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01958437,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985876,0.0007399675,0.00007952251,0.000204866,0.000234589,0.0001534634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9656909,0.01289991,0.01545981,0.001725701,0.002397707,0.001825999],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005346653,0.0003866078,0.9632705,0.00004281275,0.0001212545,0.0003025019,0.004028008,0.001462085,0.0002911039,0.004644263,0.002150023,0.02276611],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004445792,0.0001469029,0.9840507,0.00007022491,0.00006405648,0.0002303403,0.006497528,0.002215556,0.0003401639,0.002568084,0.003747985,0.00002389574],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944844,0.0002805463,0.0002059984,0.0005518137,0.00000292141,0.000006609758,0.000133678,0.000003242711,0.004330817],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991529,0.0002354562,0.00005906887,0.00006734743,0.000006981329,0.00000420353,0.00009826121,0.000001702875,0.0003739949],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0149604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02974665,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4230617245","doi":"10.1111/j.0741-6261.2007.00108.x","title":"Making a difference","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Incentive; Free riding; Economics; Public good; Wage; Compensation (psychology); Microeconomics; Labour economics; Private good; Outcome (game theory); Incentive compatibility; Set (abstract data type)","authors":[{"name":"Patrick François","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.105520015050134,"gpt":0.3710154389640438,"spread":0.2654954239139098,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005584782,0.0004873939,0.0004187342,0.0006346932,0.004305921,0.006509232,0.00120319,0.003659636,0.05224963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01847322,0.0002221339,0.0005120295,0.0004326515,0.007067927,0.006518857,0.005601677,0.004386716,0.01225357],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001840081,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00333846,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001710983,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002084834,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9924769,0.002679586,0.0002822768,0.00121716,0.002158414,0.001185684],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.992412,0.001552034,0.0007571769,0.001835354,0.001381907,0.002061523],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"randomized_trial","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000124207,0.0002029059,0.005235192,0.0001280666,0.00006520152,0.0004510081,0.01037258,0.0002860333,0.001935849,0.7950764,0.07866549,0.1074572],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003729632,0.0001543116,0.002904253,0.000193725,0.00005006402,0.0006128069,0.006821521,0.0003559193,0.001095701,0.2427564,0.7449687,0.00004936278],"study_design_candidate":"randomized_trial","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04771711,0.001693998,0.02028569,0.09117184,0.00364351,0.000136638,0.0002189978,0.0002158031,0.8349163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7409524,0.001384226,0.01065637,0.04112184,0.0006884671,0.0001289161,0.0002979324,0.0001976943,0.2045721],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05224963,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1747924,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981712407","doi":"10.1111/j.0741-6261.2008.00028.x","title":"Work‐related perks, agency problems, and optimal incentive contracts","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Law, Economics, and Judicial Systems","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Incentive; Corporate governance; Business; Autonomy; Agency (philosophy); Consumption (sociology); Work (physics); Offset (computer science); Agency cost; Production (economics); Microeconomics; Public economics; Economics; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Anthony M. Marino","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ján Zábojník","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0364354885996242,"gpt":0.1929891447225132,"spread":0.156553656122889,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01091976,0.0008338002,0.001594197,0.001221539,0.002143239,0.003976834,0.001778989,0.004116266,0.01193922],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04499895,0.0008568167,0.0007721015,0.001354612,0.004500584,0.005689364,0.002357965,0.003861078,0.000598347],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003789657,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003204431,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002019393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001835826,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9915764,0.005420161,0.0003716924,0.0007244353,0.0007584274,0.001148973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9613541,0.02726399,0.00583233,0.001893488,0.001172314,0.002483814],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001960734,0.0002361707,0.002899233,0.00009883196,0.00004158829,0.0001838598,0.000290462,0.04402586,0.000309875,0.9254403,0.002644718,0.02363292],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001033554,0.0000629942,0.00156498,0.00004099044,0.00001568584,0.0001066613,0.0002140372,0.04690653,0.000137105,0.9478627,0.002961256,0.00002360312],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4937329,0.003967247,0.3336434,0.01907462,0.0002892698,0.0004214119,0.0005638996,0.0001840913,0.1481231],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9711639,0.000738987,0.01748031,0.0003581539,0.0001303787,0.0002017409,0.00007943631,0.00003033671,0.009816702],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01193922,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05774993,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2026482073","doi":"10.1111/j.1756-2171.2009.00078.x","title":"Do retail gasoline prices respond asymmetrically to cost shocks? The influence of Edgeworth Cycles","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Economics of Agriculture and Food Markets","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Gasoline; Asymmetry; Econometrics; Information asymmetry; Monetary economics; Microeconomics; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Michael D. Noel","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02482967629124568,"gpt":0.2239364839409612,"spread":0.1991068076497155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001402611,0.0003468647,0.0006977624,0.0007835937,0.0002484728,0.00212602,0.0004918658,0.0008972774,0.002734244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01550826,0.0004051211,0.000564882,0.0006882026,0.0008549833,0.001543132,0.0007682234,0.0008361995,0.000371652],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008464092,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004227351,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011787,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00821193,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994348,0.0001951842,0.00004188876,0.0001106454,0.00009975777,0.0001177342],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9927382,0.003683841,0.002314772,0.0005370579,0.0004380241,0.0002880854],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002251816,0.0003534112,0.8869828,0.0001110435,0.0008481363,0.0009239847,0.0008405363,0.03919665,0.009198863,0.01536362,0.00179356,0.04213555],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001345884,0.0002293532,0.87822,0.00003672431,0.000321544,0.0002134173,0.001004491,0.09684695,0.002757222,0.01847189,0.001688721,0.00007518069],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950777,0.0001296585,0.00113123,0.0002891813,0.000007360238,0.00001775018,0.0001316338,0.00001535328,0.003200214],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993402,0.00007070552,0.000114343,0.00005362898,0.00001112394,0.000002807954,0.00006743494,0.000005744167,0.0003340681],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.011787,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02343678,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3187677462","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12382","title":"Competing data intermediaries","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Digital Platforms and Economics","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Intermediary; Downstream (manufacturing); Business; Competition (biology); Monopoly; Economic surplus; Compensation (psychology); Industrial organization; Commerce; Survey data collection; Microeconomics; Economics; Marketing; Market economy","authors":[{"name":"Shota Ichihashi","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05219022535818034,"gpt":0.2134179604728202,"spread":0.1612277351146399,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003092687,0.001893607,0.002926187,0.002049911,0.004532787,0.009716773,0.006265095,0.01164645,0.06147913],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01139318,0.001673055,0.002300061,0.002149957,0.006065704,0.009963653,0.006742387,0.005989626,0.005726556],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004980048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003805299,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01146472,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007467263,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971303,0.0008172666,0.0001079435,0.0007340092,0.0004204605,0.0007900684],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9868195,0.006642039,0.001908729,0.0009735508,0.00147775,0.002178429],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004683073,0.0004153031,0.001995998,0.0002438993,0.00008280507,0.001510831,0.0003944717,0.07293046,0.001249503,0.9067262,0.008652,0.005330182],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008403262,0.0004045649,0.0008231231,0.0002099171,0.0001421808,0.0007447394,0.00103067,0.5145679,0.0008050043,0.4596866,0.02054974,0.00019519],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3268933,0.002358745,0.2061438,0.02159479,0.0007579408,0.0009302208,0.002630642,0.0005236921,0.4381669],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9135279,0.0007180917,0.01028346,0.0007943541,0.0002482269,0.0003183885,0.0003458379,0.00008857466,0.07367526],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06147913,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2056682,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2122504105","doi":"10.1111/j.1756-2171.2007.tb00078.x","title":"Teams versus individual accountability: solving multitask problems through job design","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Incentive; Agency (philosophy); Accountability; Compensation (psychology); Computer science; Principal–agent problem; Microeconomics; Knowledge management; Business; Economics; Psychology; Social psychology; Finance; Corporate governance; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Kenneth S. Corts","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1272933708634818,"gpt":0.3565601196281353,"spread":0.2292667487646536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0130525,0.0009249657,0.0009589914,0.0009846424,0.001925051,0.003482132,0.001606702,0.00240798,0.005990356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02818976,0.0005367305,0.0010737,0.0009735377,0.003294416,0.005304418,0.00502507,0.002010079,0.0005961029],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001361007,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002735854,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009569784,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001338537,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9892079,0.008204442,0.0002659743,0.000959282,0.0006174647,0.00074499],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9685754,0.0185785,0.005096819,0.004053375,0.0009897716,0.002706216],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001271984,0.001816657,0.03141851,0.000630894,0.0003021689,0.0002290369,0.006488912,0.1339228,0.004813036,0.5495516,0.006197735,0.2633567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003988272,0.001018588,0.00569259,0.0001441597,0.00009914234,0.0001173156,0.001795706,0.2382139,0.00235367,0.7390914,0.01100468,0.00006995533],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2846563,0.0007014101,0.6819378,0.004837609,0.0002097533,0.0003177067,0.00005790213,0.0002399091,0.02704156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8773451,0.0002701392,0.1177433,0.0003089152,0.00009651696,0.0003920791,0.00003925361,0.00005983475,0.003744881],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0130525,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06902903,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025056668","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12049","title":"Spatial differentiation and price discrimination in the cement industry: evidence from a structural model","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Merger and Competition Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Leverage (statistics); Price discrimination; Economic surplus; Econometrics; Economics; Product differentiation; Mile; Industrial organization; Divestment; Microeconomics; Statistics; Market economy; Geography; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Nathan Miller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew Osborne","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04857875278560143,"gpt":0.2309597242851069,"spread":0.1823809714995055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003549911,0.0005458815,0.0008306836,0.001063192,0.0007146029,0.001603715,0.001483358,0.001193493,0.003644131],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01401423,0.0005211602,0.001461495,0.00156854,0.001405109,0.001656767,0.001294176,0.001508555,0.0004669702],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002246253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001179618,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05864136,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06357864,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986081,0.0007154143,0.00008210666,0.0002652251,0.0001230381,0.0002061134],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9838719,0.009673669,0.003828182,0.001323507,0.0007798554,0.0005228813],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006866892,0.0008038714,0.4436611,0.0001111591,0.000696293,0.0004411784,0.0007829078,0.4982237,0.001047673,0.0357998,0.002127496,0.01561809],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002431065,0.0002841241,0.09743837,0.00003698296,0.0003022728,0.0001249911,0.0006423804,0.8712829,0.0006372973,0.02733903,0.001610388,0.00005818908],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9928636,0.0001221269,0.005231903,0.0003754743,0.000005154118,0.0000130947,0.0001755918,0.00003163169,0.001181478],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987382,0.0000595695,0.0007114305,0.00002171449,0.00000537639,0.000004082878,0.0001919816,0.000005733933,0.0002618892],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05864136,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1166001,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1996824651","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12022","title":"Days on market and home sales","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Housing Market and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Listing (finance); Business; Economics; Commerce; Monetary economics; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Catherine E. Tucker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Juanjuan Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ting Zhu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02235719443688235,"gpt":0.1817578104782983,"spread":0.159400616041416,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005432263,0.0001532459,0.0002433862,0.0007632396,0.001200371,0.002525331,0.0003897463,0.0007185312,0.04210257],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007868342,0.000148865,0.0002400835,0.000795987,0.001330812,0.001632637,0.001066716,0.001290351,0.00250361],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001314101,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004591483,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01090561,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01489043,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995084,0.0001158446,0.00003091443,0.00006211511,0.0001627133,0.0001200592],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9902738,0.002922472,0.003706909,0.0003091822,0.0007602947,0.002027423],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008646263,0.001516334,0.803741,0.000167096,0.0001542957,0.001000163,0.007971965,0.00105492,0.0005203011,0.047406,0.04520976,0.09039355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006207111,0.0002622579,0.8997571,0.0001852297,0.00003260199,0.0003781002,0.008274771,0.0009779277,0.0003109883,0.01422345,0.07548088,0.00005460008],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8100851,0.002308773,0.00044034,0.003515276,0.0001626865,0.00002714625,0.001196435,0.00003637249,0.1822279],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9794278,0.0006327608,0.00008761683,0.0001898491,0.0001579817,0.00001145642,0.000484327,0.00002169997,0.01898648],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04210257,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1408471,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3192433738","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12455","title":"The effect of privacy regulation on the data industry: empirical evidence from GDPR","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"General Data Protection Regulation; Business; Consumer privacy; Externality; Information privacy; Opt-out; Value (mathematics); European union; Internet privacy; Industrial organization; Advertising; Economics; Microeconomics; International trade; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Guy Aridor","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yeon‐Koo Che","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tobias Salz","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1911164019024165,"gpt":0.3752285570412053,"spread":0.1841121551387888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006288236,0.0002488123,0.0005556284,0.001481339,0.001051192,0.002761319,0.001065196,0.00146693,0.00377186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03004496,0.0002229967,0.0006938206,0.002756821,0.001863537,0.001712592,0.001949774,0.002607985,0.0009477477],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001545397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008200329,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01712666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01481077,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9949071,0.002869155,0.0002094021,0.0006488604,0.0009200327,0.0004454545],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9196182,0.04179656,0.02469905,0.007808364,0.004135945,0.001941911],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001244212,0.002139555,0.9466346,0.0002043777,0.0003625939,0.0006589819,0.001268418,0.008638955,0.001037828,0.00829446,0.01144799,0.01806812],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001940563,0.000535564,0.9526721,0.00007694868,0.0002262018,0.0003178797,0.003598535,0.02310521,0.002471838,0.00285,0.01386103,0.00009073413],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922202,0.0001990047,0.0005346317,0.0006657195,0.000008249466,0.00003537947,0.002078607,0.00002503892,0.004233119],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955034,0.0001029958,0.0003351078,0.0001835994,0.00002091481,0.00002474607,0.003162891,0.00001050618,0.0006559108],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01712666,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03405392,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125429127","doi":"10.1111/j.1756-2171.2008.00002.x","title":"Rules of proof, courts, and incentives","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Law, Economics, and Judicial Systems","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Incentive; Imperfect; Civil litigation; Tort; Tort reform; Law and economics; Burden of proof; Civil procedure; Arbitration; Business; Standard of care; Economics; Law; Political science; Microeconomics; Liability","authors":[{"name":"Dominique Demougin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claude Fluet","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0349545227360615,"gpt":0.1987669883141061,"spread":0.1638124655780446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.03188825,0.0009318082,0.001338884,0.003196742,0.003269379,0.01149694,0.002733975,0.007075089,0.006949529],"category_scores_gemma":[0.09907414,0.001155935,0.0008470346,0.002816289,0.01358131,0.01099682,0.003481561,0.004738329,0.00124892],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005373452,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007198558,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002645427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002090022,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9653937,0.0190146,0.002816823,0.002935541,0.007482384,0.002356989],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8795117,0.08885726,0.01196713,0.008187706,0.009048585,0.002427688],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000500807,0.00001090224,0.0001387915,0.00002042602,0.000004714195,0.00001865231,0.00006201921,0.00206333,0.00003759489,0.9935306,0.0005937045,0.003514347],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001708466,0.000008417754,0.00005396066,0.0000332286,0.00000374969,0.0000228528,0.00002893268,0.004184959,0.00006404198,0.9918281,0.003746584,0.000008099893],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04133656,0.008096074,0.7204212,0.02782184,0.0006850363,0.0005364793,0.0003135484,0.000197888,0.2005914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7776747,0.005107199,0.190011,0.002275979,0.001186404,0.000868958,0.0002094653,0.0001331651,0.02253321],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03188825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1686432,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3135268548","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12359","title":"Free ad(vice): internet influencers and disclosure regulation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Digital Platforms and Economics","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Influencer marketing; Unobservable; Intermediary; Commission; Revenue; Business; The Internet; Advice (programming); Social media; Advertising; Marketing; Economics; Computer science; Accounting; Relationship marketing; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Matthew Mitchell","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01331165256322402,"gpt":0.1775024297336611,"spread":0.164190777170437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001976602,0.0001931078,0.0003827096,0.000875836,0.001211291,0.004679519,0.0005723054,0.002340079,0.02470684],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01296846,0.0002215556,0.0004358821,0.0007155696,0.002345388,0.002270738,0.001061816,0.001443655,0.001020753],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002365597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001570483,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01006732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007460357,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988022,0.0005038325,0.00006191031,0.0001895476,0.0002085965,0.0002338936],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9833139,0.009339992,0.004279815,0.0009043436,0.001214489,0.0009475307],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003785379,0.0005917251,0.04163594,0.0001729488,0.0000903394,0.0004826649,0.0008822049,0.02144439,0.0009183685,0.8781235,0.01370183,0.04157758],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039734,0.0004387746,0.05313539,0.0003506688,0.0003955907,0.0007048364,0.002262369,0.1526311,0.002793707,0.7146744,0.07203417,0.0001816871],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5269875,0.003563158,0.02195504,0.02346656,0.0004006974,0.0001334318,0.0005467646,0.0001750516,0.4227718],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9874181,0.0004416905,0.0003564623,0.0002820332,0.0001308251,0.00001334699,0.00002541748,0.000007117012,0.01132515],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02470684,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08265263,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2090183207","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12083","title":"Screening incentives and privacy protection in financial markets: a theoretical and empirical analysis","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Housing Market and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Denial; Foreclosure; Business; Consumer privacy; Incentive; Welfare; Consumer welfare; Financial services; Information privacy; Finance; Economics; Internet privacy; Microeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Jin‐Hyuk Kim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Liad Wagman","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04857736345582691,"gpt":0.2433478164654365,"spread":0.1947704530096095,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004530965,0.001011289,0.001899192,0.002051792,0.001936774,0.004534102,0.001852932,0.003684534,0.0179419],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02449009,0.001045741,0.001619464,0.00246769,0.004426158,0.00766467,0.002335519,0.003940914,0.000584998],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004545012,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002823638,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0178941,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01262643,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998591,0.0006352362,0.0000464472,0.0001644805,0.0001171692,0.0004456523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9573191,0.03458397,0.00569341,0.0005883315,0.0007183785,0.001096846],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005292335,0.002264329,0.06689866,0.0005903105,0.0002620306,0.001335247,0.001457993,0.2768392,0.001153183,0.595757,0.01019202,0.04272083],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005688937,0.0004435799,0.02242159,0.0002258273,0.0003043942,0.0003781111,0.00199416,0.6695524,0.0005732418,0.2987033,0.004690947,0.0001435815],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8561366,0.005283661,0.07758494,0.01638736,0.0001122229,0.0003895645,0.0007124635,0.0002292202,0.04316385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917761,0.00184404,0.003018334,0.0003134304,0.0001182116,0.0001063596,0.0000911298,0.00001296786,0.002719429],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0179419,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06002158,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2954190558","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12287","title":"Sequential innovation, patent policy, and the dynamics of the replacement effect","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Intellectual Property and Patents","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Pace; Economics; Business; Industrial organization","authors":[{"name":"Álvaro Parra","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05551771249668315,"gpt":0.2074220511189667,"spread":0.1519043386222835,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002947261,0.0001782167,0.000532794,0.0009682822,0.0005151569,0.001595485,0.0005608337,0.001130652,0.005837467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01824092,0.0001763062,0.0004535943,0.0006453266,0.002024134,0.002248685,0.000783185,0.0009696678,0.000376845],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001867075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009394652,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002288627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001048244,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999238,0.0003028028,0.00003107794,0.0001546027,0.0001164825,0.0001569556],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9728773,0.01852788,0.005787692,0.0008940641,0.0008288341,0.001084238],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005773344,0.0004461125,0.05689986,0.0001630789,0.0001055683,0.0003957018,0.0007643554,0.1434386,0.01073677,0.7379346,0.002238263,0.04629974],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002109541,0.0005740746,0.04060483,0.00008231685,0.0001141066,0.0002575817,0.0005372748,0.4357067,0.003470219,0.5129395,0.005422805,0.00007966015],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9461631,0.0008609987,0.03478605,0.002626262,0.0000369474,0.00002976419,0.0001430568,0.00006582492,0.015288],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980287,0.0001992439,0.0006334219,0.00003504201,0.00002191052,0.00001019468,0.00001260538,0.000002975496,0.001055857],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005837467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01952827,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2096862482","doi":"10.1111/j.1756-2171.2009.00084.x","title":"Rockets and feathers: Understanding asymmetric pricing","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Stylized fact; Collusion; Economics; Microeconomics; Work (physics); Empirical evidence; Engineering; Macroeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Mariano Tappata","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04594695192369845,"gpt":0.2287310981224216,"spread":0.1827841461987232,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001227001,0.0003045636,0.0004991809,0.0007551825,0.0006299222,0.002880366,0.00094801,0.001701667,0.003492344],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008812609,0.0003768767,0.0004025152,0.0006215468,0.002478829,0.00793888,0.001537275,0.001456793,0.0003825004],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007000036,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003925432,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001467438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005718485,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994048,0.0002333973,0.00001993319,0.00007938185,0.0001727572,0.00008982439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972733,0.00146037,0.0005781434,0.0003207215,0.0002095177,0.0001580167],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006196383,0.00004268617,0.001760842,0.00004863843,0.00002122733,0.0002168151,0.0007547761,0.01690533,0.00123379,0.9600252,0.001346005,0.01758273],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001388723,0.00001034453,0.0009339394,0.00001013464,0.000005578125,0.00009060216,0.0001464467,0.08053383,0.000122817,0.9168425,0.001279088,0.00001080794],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4776492,0.002707203,0.3817407,0.01665179,0.0002205237,0.00006988247,0.0001904642,0.0001580578,0.1206121],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9853508,0.0006408703,0.0114903,0.0003678378,0.000165478,0.0000211194,0.00002695608,0.00001925803,0.001917392],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003492344,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01168311,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3124379753","doi":"10.1111/j.1756-2171.2010.00115.x","title":"Trigger happy or gun shy? Dissolving common-value partnerships with Texas shootouts","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Auction Theory and Applications","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Negotiation; Value (mathematics); Business; Joint (building); Commerce; Economics; Finance; Law","authors":[{"name":"Richard R. W. Brooks","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claudia M. Landeo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kathryn E. Spier","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1447262708694065,"gpt":0.3608671355233203,"spread":0.2161408646539139,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004160865,0.0002989857,0.0003984441,0.0003794802,0.003463053,0.003710697,0.001129634,0.002015748,0.01862099],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01525854,0.0003289303,0.0003686684,0.00037834,0.002536082,0.004999707,0.005550004,0.001823952,0.002147637],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001126809,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00131988,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001123996,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002533432,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979759,0.0008597605,0.00005707232,0.0002314367,0.000340279,0.0005355431],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9903066,0.003825136,0.002129117,0.0009485338,0.0004651436,0.002325461],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003900706,0.002552854,0.06164753,0.0005180264,0.0002812785,0.01150838,0.03137118,0.01029166,0.02710174,0.4788297,0.0470016,0.3249955],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008763617,0.003164459,0.03296075,0.0006531376,0.0002805999,0.00538404,0.07815737,0.06841319,0.02601754,0.5235909,0.2602043,0.0002974539],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8902484,0.0006237328,0.02294587,0.006530925,0.0001850651,0.0001494253,0.00005149856,0.0002270001,0.07903814],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9858012,0.0001292617,0.003841744,0.0002736506,0.0000253907,0.00004147312,0.00002719065,0.00001854627,0.009841641],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01862099,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06229347,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2474353785","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12219","title":"Patent rights, innovation, and firm exit","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Intellectual Property and Patents","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Patent portfolio; Competitor analysis; Endogeneity; Business; Exploit; Portfolio; Industrial organization; Economics; Intellectual property; Finance; Marketing; Econometrics; Law","authors":[{"name":"Alberto Galasso","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mark Schankerman","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1602096292188557,"gpt":0.2145804701025033,"spread":0.0543708408836476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004199551,0.0001954083,0.0006320149,0.001806615,0.0007107222,0.002444443,0.0006586438,0.001551976,0.009167538],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03923303,0.000156533,0.0007722905,0.001390206,0.001420043,0.001810735,0.001341689,0.002139585,0.0006585072],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009171836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008343645,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00462943,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003309691,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979773,0.0006651166,0.0001783774,0.0002822726,0.0003721137,0.0005248153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.85645,0.08637361,0.04506636,0.002714403,0.002843791,0.006551913],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003946954,0.0006329781,0.9795568,0.00004837194,0.0001679985,0.0003761619,0.0001748912,0.003251328,0.0004099985,0.004219531,0.0007100332,0.01005718],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006759693,0.0004294144,0.9825417,0.00004772104,0.0001296989,0.0002217179,0.0003931096,0.005342765,0.0006324764,0.008485075,0.001675411,0.000033343],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.993974,0.0009173165,0.0004740528,0.0008613681,0.00001624076,0.00001453765,0.0003671154,0.00001220832,0.00336318],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987587,0.0001595389,0.00005353846,0.00004545003,0.0000354028,0.000005310184,0.0002124756,0.000001960222,0.0007276695],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009167538,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0306685,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2058883788","doi":"10.1111/j.1756-2171.2008.00038.x","title":"Buy‐out prices in auctions: seller competition and multi‐unit demands","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Auction Theory and Applications","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Common value auction; Microeconomics; Multiunit auction; Revenue; Revenue equivalence; Vickrey auction; English auction; Competition (biology); Product (mathematics); Dutch auction; Forward auction; Economics; Incentive; Business; Vickrey–Clarke–Groves auction; Auction theory; Finance","authors":[{"name":"René Kirkegaard","is_ca":true},{"name":"Per Baltzer Overgaard","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2151362929964375,"gpt":0.3622466545068098,"spread":0.1471103615103724,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008117491,0.001098467,0.003268661,0.001089271,0.002236343,0.00722199,0.003571733,0.005715674,0.01578238],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0346191,0.001816625,0.001865993,0.001498386,0.004539072,0.01272465,0.002919203,0.005656994,0.001498061],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00304633,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001424457,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002125778,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001823004,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9948223,0.002792759,0.0002417598,0.0005226819,0.0008321286,0.000788341],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9589181,0.03184057,0.003634817,0.00208998,0.001643227,0.001873333],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001171315,0.0006877954,0.004822193,0.0003659838,0.0001406164,0.001489773,0.0008770187,0.09000655,0.00279733,0.8665507,0.003886337,0.02720439],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004670714,0.0004377599,0.003351112,0.00007285833,0.0001069972,0.0009304389,0.0005343619,0.3049177,0.001015324,0.6848664,0.003128639,0.0001713712],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.486412,0.002859223,0.3914101,0.005193077,0.0003574366,0.0003271383,0.0002879089,0.0002822289,0.112871],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9835696,0.000379119,0.007798101,0.0001555632,0.0001472698,0.00008137219,0.00005104005,0.00004796758,0.007770041],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01578238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05279732,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2149680547","doi":"10.1111/j.1756-2171.2010.00123.x","title":"Entry and pricing in a differentiated products industry: evidence from the ATM market","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"HEC Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Economic surplus; Welfare; Economics; Microeconomics; Product differentiation; Industrial organization; Regression discontinuity design; ATM card; Discontinuity (linguistics); Econometrics; Business; Mathematics; Statistics","authors":[{"name":"Gautam Gowrisankaran","is_ca":true},{"name":"John Krainer","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05928147054270073,"gpt":0.2179730506105581,"spread":0.1586915800678574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001989206,0.0002698471,0.0005133413,0.0007137433,0.0006093949,0.001942877,0.0006208715,0.001203262,0.006397631],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01163798,0.0002864518,0.0005797534,0.001057815,0.00125982,0.001752604,0.0009065463,0.00149374,0.0007570397],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00054348,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004329172,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009684484,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009456051,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990956,0.0003924927,0.00005402385,0.0001055048,0.0002100782,0.0001422679],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9826108,0.01000326,0.00497639,0.0009237923,0.000727943,0.0007578334],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003216412,0.005126745,0.8597295,0.0003243174,0.0004490882,0.001660621,0.00282499,0.02161976,0.002474092,0.03686401,0.004817119,0.06089335],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001207109,0.001877719,0.8580955,0.0001281905,0.0004393799,0.0005131729,0.004832456,0.09345,0.002022011,0.03077139,0.006540352,0.0001228572],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959959,0.0002331279,0.0006903,0.0003503117,0.000005154565,0.0000114113,0.0001017571,0.00001164854,0.002600479],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988896,0.0001631432,0.0001635131,0.000061336,0.00001268395,0.000003426831,0.0001649666,0.000002476133,0.0005387476],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009684484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02140224,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2551732285","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12163","title":"Understanding in‐house transactions in the real estate brokerage industry","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Housing Market and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Incentive; Real estate; Business; Database transaction; Promotion (chess); Matching (statistics); Transaction data; Finance; Transaction cost; Industrial organization; Microeconomics; Economics; Database; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Lu Han","is_ca":true},{"name":"Seung‐Hyun Hong","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1182698243248194,"gpt":0.2301209047459946,"spread":0.1118510804211751,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001027659,0.0002010697,0.0004146883,0.0008274757,0.0003910248,0.002336065,0.0004761418,0.00107884,0.00536161],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006054531,0.0003807385,0.0002658617,0.001158784,0.0005959149,0.003508205,0.0006148249,0.0007530075,0.0006811156],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009329452,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000755424,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02109223,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0328835,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995296,0.0001990503,0.00003105915,0.00008691022,0.0000535566,0.00009984014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952227,0.002218125,0.001798715,0.0001845544,0.0002279574,0.00034795],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009283116,0.0004725275,0.9110132,0.0001267278,0.0001053579,0.0004544405,0.003495897,0.01388153,0.0009525685,0.03718626,0.002345489,0.02987324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004148823,0.000141376,0.8022351,0.0001269623,0.0001165583,0.0003560302,0.009518175,0.1151208,0.0006155839,0.06226258,0.009427053,0.00003833501],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9882962,0.0008746333,0.003421635,0.001607825,0.000008977781,0.00001206539,0.0001321403,0.000009681935,0.00563678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977905,0.0005076716,0.0005615071,0.00004962149,0.00001890181,0.000003894544,0.0001052985,0.000002332139,0.0009602796],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02109223,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04193896,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2157118148","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12054","title":"Subjective evaluations with performance feedback","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Incentive; Commit; Imperfect; Measure (data warehouse); Distribution (mathematics); Microeconomics; Economics; Computer science; Econometrics; Mathematics; Data mining","authors":[{"name":"Ján Zábojník","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0354564531211177,"gpt":0.3094817112847,"spread":0.2740252581635824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01895453,0.001436783,0.0007212404,0.001660278,0.0007088103,0.004254359,0.0009239009,0.001850248,0.005703414],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1385797,0.0006257855,0.0006903365,0.00132105,0.003110685,0.006611377,0.003606487,0.002176175,0.0008239865],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001861162,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001108401,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001090057,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007886126,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9652781,0.0235451,0.00125007,0.001902605,0.007188458,0.0008356147],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8857006,0.06744786,0.0215552,0.01192218,0.01096115,0.002412899],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002248848,0.001497757,0.04956655,0.001482411,0.0005571026,0.0004400191,0.005496062,0.06556248,0.009892976,0.3968494,0.01086359,0.4555427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005391286,0.003666273,0.07625958,0.001033331,0.0004465628,0.0005336164,0.002055068,0.1642535,0.01135806,0.7043386,0.03498515,0.0005312398],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2689116,0.002381033,0.5449395,0.005519374,0.0006543712,0.000737131,0.0005166488,0.0006062974,0.1757342],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.957238,0.0004578343,0.03676642,0.0004286766,0.0002544363,0.0002765143,0.0001192482,0.00006358761,0.00439519],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01895453,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1002423,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2117277881","doi":"10.1111/j.0741-6261.2008.00011.x","title":"Market forces meet behavioral biases: cost misallocation and irrational pricing","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Sunk costs; Activity-based costing; Economics; Microeconomics; Variable (mathematics); Variable cost; Irrational number; Process (computing); Fixed cost; Industrial organization; Computer science; Accounting","authors":[{"name":"Nabil I. Al‐Najjar","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sandeep Baliga","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Besanko","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09289770086737785,"gpt":0.3361066963595117,"spread":0.2432089954921339,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008486868,0.000389704,0.0005392961,0.0008806889,0.00077604,0.003180055,0.0006911307,0.002399275,0.003528007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.07275612,0.0004108115,0.0004574297,0.0005407754,0.006127341,0.004807893,0.001601307,0.002355203,0.0003225324],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00173742,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001177235,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001416606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008881845,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9941399,0.003259121,0.0001901233,0.0005425397,0.001453178,0.0004152144],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9460568,0.02939709,0.01307501,0.006827877,0.003531806,0.001111431],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00135079,0.001521922,0.174212,0.0003852102,0.0005674078,0.001015065,0.009445466,0.01440262,0.01357835,0.5849073,0.004526853,0.194087],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002974481,0.0003014246,0.1278729,0.0001149297,0.0001697443,0.0005032711,0.003097558,0.02959088,0.003509168,0.8271827,0.007216514,0.000143503],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9236561,0.0007765507,0.02272244,0.01312869,0.00009461876,0.00007395825,0.00003602135,0.00008386196,0.03942785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960944,0.0001463244,0.002311541,0.0008564733,0.00006207557,0.00002190914,0.000007804915,0.00001416145,0.0004852537],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008486868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04488337,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3138474256","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12362","title":"Finding Mr. Schumpeter: technology adoption in the cement industry","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Competitor analysis; Competition (biology); Cement; Economics; Kiln; Industrial organization; Creative destruction; Microeconomics; Business; Market economy; Engineering; Management; Waste management","authors":[{"name":"Jeffrey T. Macher","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nathan Miller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew Osborne","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03834840147008711,"gpt":0.2156708097831359,"spread":0.1773224083130488,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001278926,0.0000972265,0.0001785712,0.001314938,0.0003339276,0.0007960883,0.0002873873,0.0004311621,0.003378885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008732724,0.00008368759,0.0004607186,0.001786374,0.0005103542,0.0008533205,0.0005249958,0.0007240974,0.0003213321],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004911799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005307103,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009592449,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01180784,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993712,0.0001367528,0.00004297946,0.0001599039,0.0002162501,0.0000728496],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9916691,0.003705191,0.003306618,0.0003459764,0.0006377706,0.0003353763],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003708369,0.00004985637,0.9745612,0.00003093516,0.00008458368,0.0001612724,0.0004566887,0.001004154,0.0004444901,0.003064511,0.001991152,0.01811403],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001672236,0.0002132402,0.9752122,0.0000530686,0.00009660589,0.0002817067,0.001545749,0.00765591,0.002028889,0.00289472,0.009968815,0.00003248129],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922425,0.0003606014,0.001090294,0.002384247,0.00001773044,0.00001593321,0.000567822,0.00001204021,0.003308858],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984257,0.0002243261,0.0002984673,0.0001083973,0.00002032923,0.000007681854,0.0001895324,0.000002489845,0.0007229974],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009592449,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01907325,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2107602559","doi":"10.1111/j.1756-2171.2006.tb00068.x","title":"An empirical study of auction revenue rankings: the case of municipal bonds","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Auction Theory and Applications","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Counterfactual thinking; Common value auction; Revenue; Auction theory; Revenue equivalence; Dutch auction; Microeconomics; Economics; Multiunit auction; English auction; Econometrics; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Artyom Shneyerov","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09448032583841379,"gpt":0.3995126808605751,"spread":0.3050323550221613,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01571612,0.0004788221,0.001311646,0.002556917,0.001764348,0.003625643,0.002137497,0.001451965,0.002789073],"category_scores_gemma":[0.09016865,0.0004985014,0.0007821811,0.00593087,0.00195244,0.003062837,0.001496457,0.002876616,0.0007668206],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002335195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001228426,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0303967,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04286554,"domain_scores_codex":[0.988446,0.006931834,0.0006877886,0.001461776,0.001703024,0.0007696178],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8730177,0.07924286,0.02865244,0.01116542,0.005938821,0.00198273],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001440122,0.001745508,0.9101371,0.0002540022,0.0006812211,0.001198846,0.002664547,0.02239227,0.0006183364,0.01658389,0.01547203,0.02681212],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004171086,0.0008602772,0.8698615,0.00009730471,0.0002894319,0.001301708,0.008857689,0.09299082,0.0009467292,0.008953182,0.01525217,0.0001721353],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951434,0.0004583963,0.001225535,0.0002505175,0.00001058815,0.00005504709,0.001243603,0.00002047735,0.001592502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940826,0.0001795581,0.001050802,0.00004080523,0.00003140214,0.00005144941,0.003837721,0.00001956632,0.0007061026],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0303967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08311576,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2105211254","doi":"10.1111/j.1756-2171.2009.00074.x","title":"Liability insurance under the negligence rule","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Law, Economics, and Judicial Systems","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Liability; Strict liability; Harm; Contributory negligence; Damages; Actuarial science; Contractible space; Business; Liability insurance; Incentive; Economics; Tort; Law and economics; Insurance policy; Law; Microeconomics; Political science; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Marie‐Cécile Fagart","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claude Fluet","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03342304927442657,"gpt":0.2189524972361905,"spread":0.1855294479617639,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007789365,0.0004588351,0.0007829432,0.001120895,0.001037732,0.002936974,0.001209322,0.002920127,0.002182639],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02995086,0.0003553173,0.00105035,0.0006575042,0.004741564,0.004214719,0.0031432,0.003083465,0.0003925932],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001578562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001965553,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001306627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006119757,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9911204,0.002032131,0.0006248226,0.001124194,0.004145667,0.0009528797],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9848452,0.007799563,0.002703239,0.002643345,0.001483876,0.0005248393],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001179589,0.0000179381,0.0007155826,0.00001817772,0.00001509439,0.0001275486,0.000097212,0.007039741,0.0002287518,0.9849432,0.0005560103,0.00622909],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001538977,0.00002765928,0.0006711046,0.00002415833,0.00001393749,0.0001357831,0.00002023457,0.01978138,0.0002905109,0.9773801,0.001627494,0.00001236142],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2200004,0.002277196,0.6491786,0.01070054,0.0003884265,0.0001125556,0.0002728776,0.0001891845,0.1168801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9784768,0.0005108899,0.014446,0.0004449636,0.0003433078,0.00005045487,0.00004424655,0.00001555978,0.005667689],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007789365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04119456,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3124933251","doi":"10.1111/j.0741-6261.2008.00017.x","title":"A theory of factor allocation and plant size","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Economic Growth and Productivity","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Factor price; Growth theory; Factor (programming language); Capital (architecture); Microeconomics; Trade theory; Neoclassical economics; International trade; Computer science; Free trade","authors":[{"name":"Thomas J. Holmes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew Mitchell","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04518968572530954,"gpt":0.1900875645136538,"spread":0.1448978787883443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001202099,0.0007890802,0.0006158155,0.001405323,0.001028373,0.001964403,0.0009665061,0.001083256,0.01970763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004597375,0.0003368906,0.001058818,0.001807767,0.003283574,0.00386813,0.001004352,0.001794659,0.003048058],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001853148,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00108252,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003649761,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001920766,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993529,0.000176322,0.00002038223,0.0001649204,0.000184453,0.0001011409],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985015,0.0008421995,0.0001381488,0.0002115763,0.000241982,0.00006449207],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007584866,0.000007132284,0.0003583386,0.00001658124,0.000007600419,0.00002396248,0.00007705086,0.004864472,0.0001490153,0.9781259,0.00153094,0.01483138],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001128537,0.00001094952,0.000451062,0.00001565558,0.000005555657,0.00005697436,0.00002537473,0.005298079,0.0001015549,0.9769645,0.01705155,0.000007484071],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01729669,0.003160781,0.8187316,0.003960108,0.0002977931,0.00005002257,0.0003050784,0.0002370931,0.1559608],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7237852,0.007333274,0.1628504,0.001587879,0.001966329,0.000362859,0.0004243117,0.0002227918,0.1014669],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01970763,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06592858,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2128944627","doi":"10.1111/j.1756-2171.2011.00141.x","title":"Optimal information transmission in a holdup problem","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Law, Economics, and Judicial Systems","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Transmission (telecommunications); Information transmission; Computer science; Mathematical optimization; Mathematics; Computer network; Telecommunications","authors":[{"name":"Maria Goltsman","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03724675036204947,"gpt":0.1911170722657427,"spread":0.1538703219036932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007145694,0.001043421,0.00227778,0.001004522,0.00161803,0.003890498,0.002059669,0.005513035,0.009443245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02319796,0.001249972,0.0008504543,0.001287222,0.003155195,0.008386066,0.002650921,0.003901679,0.0007535047],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002960279,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003237254,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002696562,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001391115,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9957519,0.002301794,0.00024799,0.000549429,0.000545572,0.0006033391],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9772003,0.01862479,0.001628362,0.0009716481,0.0006545148,0.0009203557],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003819427,0.0002346533,0.0007221202,0.0002006286,0.0000690371,0.0006497975,0.0005152405,0.1924356,0.001060883,0.7788612,0.003727047,0.02114173],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001960761,0.0001333637,0.0003161046,0.00006518904,0.00002522908,0.0001366218,0.0002278583,0.3720135,0.0006113868,0.6239615,0.002267273,0.00004595155],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3544144,0.001733558,0.5730099,0.009990914,0.0001593443,0.0004156351,0.0008868946,0.0003120522,0.05907723],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9535856,0.0006715368,0.03028987,0.0003374222,0.0001123191,0.0002200146,0.000230541,0.00009346555,0.01445933],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009443245,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03779048,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3033247675","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12317","title":"Search and Wholesale Price Discrimination","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Price discrimination; Search cost; Economics; Microeconomics; Incentive; Competition (biology); Limit price; Price level; Monetary economics","authors":[{"name":"Guillermo Marshall","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04588373300788622,"gpt":0.2337561621721553,"spread":0.1878724291642691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001170213,0.0002191019,0.0007040187,0.0004314902,0.0002825473,0.001706582,0.0005644988,0.0008890888,0.01028531],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01085013,0.0002269747,0.000416938,0.0006635225,0.0009867605,0.001660648,0.0008196622,0.0009113404,0.0004821623],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009455551,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003980004,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001981003,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001362058,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992586,0.0002553339,0.0000326045,0.0001437712,0.0001430369,0.0001666315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9904338,0.006388091,0.001853828,0.000796847,0.0002187567,0.0003086735],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001979165,0.001844288,0.1174894,0.0004079396,0.0003265056,0.0008793673,0.0004973123,0.5491588,0.01591824,0.2464809,0.004618866,0.06039918],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000229869,0.0006292266,0.0736755,0.00004447443,0.0001246132,0.0004398847,0.0004738818,0.7513931,0.00390943,0.1665537,0.002439913,0.00008636042],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9662058,0.0002882489,0.0169299,0.0005239547,0.00002070825,0.00002455397,0.0001103941,0.00006191281,0.01583451],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990988,0.00001623872,0.0002242195,0.00002493222,0.000003660068,0.000002636351,0.0000131011,0.000003098464,0.0006132841],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01028531,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03440779,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125137167","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12187","title":"Monopoly regulation under asymmetric information: prices versus quantities","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Auction Theory and Applications","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico","keywords":"Marginal cost; Monopoly; Economics; Microeconomics; Marginal utility; Mechanism (biology); Private information retrieval; Simple (philosophy); Welfare; Market economy; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Leonardo J. Basso","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicolás Figueroa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jorge Vásquez","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1678554619222355,"gpt":0.3745938180170931,"spread":0.2067383560948576,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009445507,0.001036773,0.001909486,0.0014953,0.00073251,0.004668168,0.001908832,0.003397326,0.004597373],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03163739,0.0004946103,0.001298912,0.001238197,0.005028335,0.006585409,0.002485893,0.002002575,0.0003317809],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002337839,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002095273,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006447392,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004449059,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9930955,0.003629257,0.0002610787,0.0007171302,0.001330121,0.0009670757],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9577568,0.02906944,0.007563801,0.003273791,0.001371044,0.000965232],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001024246,0.0006700975,0.002459084,0.0004946001,0.0003421075,0.0001757177,0.0002008463,0.211641,0.008719203,0.732457,0.00137194,0.04044414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008539429,0.001295184,0.002727517,0.0001805219,0.0002835186,0.0002125025,0.0001948199,0.3629184,0.006062351,0.6225394,0.002580385,0.0001514915],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5177149,0.002190698,0.4112236,0.0035936,0.0002675006,0.0004713374,0.000222126,0.0002939393,0.06402241],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9849938,0.0003558649,0.01293693,0.0002244313,0.00007983753,0.0001229591,0.00002232284,0.00001816125,0.001245765],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009445507,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04995322,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4293826008","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12422","title":"Does consumer demand pull scientifically novel drug innovation?","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Novelty; Consumer demand; On demand; Economics; Drug; Industrial organization; Microeconomics; Computer science; Commerce; Pharmacology; Medicine; Psychology","authors":[{"name":"David Dranove","is_ca":true},{"name":"Craig Garthwaite","is_ca":true},{"name":"Manuel Hermosilla","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05755306486378076,"gpt":0.266729548639784,"spread":0.2091764837760032,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00612699,0.0003053093,0.000926579,0.001295725,0.0005070352,0.002996545,0.000758798,0.001952222,0.01937923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04199276,0.0003499977,0.0008740071,0.001686269,0.001545783,0.002412725,0.001204141,0.001854796,0.001679596],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001266496,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000457626,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003185612,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00241245,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968356,0.001091438,0.0002171085,0.0006979281,0.0007980998,0.0003597947],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9094333,0.06033764,0.02075983,0.003913102,0.00370601,0.001850131],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"incentives","domain_candidate":"incentives","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002292681,0.0006148285,0.9083026,0.0004284104,0.0009302444,0.0005051542,0.0009413611,0.005228724,0.002501891,0.02737963,0.007710008,0.04316446],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000237868,0.0005190482,0.9189434,0.0001645182,0.0003913836,0.0004868948,0.002820245,0.01609735,0.001991995,0.04522942,0.01297193,0.000145922],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9592559,0.00198838,0.004928365,0.01014275,0.0001354797,0.00009511066,0.002776435,0.00007511469,0.02060243],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971237,0.0002460028,0.0002136673,0.0007502685,0.0001419588,0.00001748277,0.0004848533,0.00001764678,0.001004471],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.993873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06483001,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3124158248","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12171","title":"The impact of firm size on dynamic incentives and investment","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Moral hazard; Incentive; Volatility (finance); Investment (military); Principal–agent problem; Economics; Microeconomics; Monetary economics; Agency (philosophy); Industrial organization; Econometrics; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Chang‐Koo Chi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kyoung Jin Choi","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01704625472299118,"gpt":0.235791172898779,"spread":0.2187449181757878,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002156023,0.000160775,0.0002588022,0.0005920756,0.000417302,0.001931765,0.0002934302,0.0007342037,0.005355541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02081277,0.0001651662,0.0001764877,0.0007230717,0.000900874,0.001252437,0.0008460149,0.0007041264,0.0003839431],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001372127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007108719,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002981441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004742725,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991338,0.0003540142,0.00004727681,0.0001188034,0.0001241185,0.000222067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9507943,0.03025701,0.01299537,0.001332646,0.001311565,0.003309027],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008495686,0.0005240974,0.7881712,0.0001363362,0.0001320774,0.0008435527,0.0005512318,0.0365275,0.00532217,0.0876,0.003567197,0.07577519],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009971814,0.0003956002,0.9117308,0.00005789522,0.00006415597,0.0003121985,0.0005936604,0.02604632,0.001415963,0.05419989,0.005031342,0.00005248026],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9813715,0.0007156858,0.001844581,0.00137594,0.00001788567,0.00001458292,0.0002062544,0.00002440533,0.01442926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987192,0.0001262097,0.0001239465,0.00003304453,0.00001347138,0.000003515843,0.00004601989,0.000003033364,0.00093152],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005355541,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01791608,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125688331","doi":"10.1111/j.0741-6261.2008.00002.x","title":"Rules of proof, courts, and incentives","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Law, Economics, and Judicial Systems","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Burden of proof; Incentive; Imperfect; Civil litigation; Tort; Law and economics; Civil procedure; Tort reform; Arbitration; Standard of care; Business; Economics; Law; Political science; Microeconomics; Liability; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Dominique Demougin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claude Fluet","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0349545227360615,"gpt":0.1987669883141061,"spread":0.1638124655780446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.03304093,0.0009551015,0.001388898,0.003329098,0.003373602,0.01173903,0.002849781,0.007178462,0.006917246],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1029963,0.001175103,0.0008703127,0.00299711,0.01373188,0.01121098,0.003591546,0.004775703,0.001299202],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005326735,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007213086,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002635662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002130831,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9637958,0.01985669,0.003051052,0.003099587,0.007818111,0.002378717],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8767794,0.09090837,0.01219244,0.008459208,0.009194555,0.002466096],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005281743,0.00001134004,0.0001494318,0.00002188503,0.00000502048,0.00002066325,0.00006607404,0.002190822,0.00003932141,0.9930949,0.0006079046,0.00378734],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001733608,0.000008826405,0.00005365965,0.00003442116,0.000003965259,0.00002461955,0.00002889004,0.004246561,0.0000651933,0.9918067,0.003701407,0.000008338458],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03817314,0.007471832,0.7422671,0.02606864,0.0006488969,0.0005394726,0.0003070207,0.0001956094,0.1843283],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7565812,0.005030349,0.211977,0.002275174,0.001213506,0.0008996759,0.0002200858,0.0001370846,0.02166597],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03304093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1747392,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1772563446","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12100","title":"Building new plants or entering by acquisition? Firm heterogeneity and entry barriers in the U.S. cement industry","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Firm Innovation and Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"Fundación Caja Madrid; US-UK Fulbright Commission; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Industrial organization; Business; Permissive; Cement; Economics; Microeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Hector Perez‐Saiz","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06025304224350463,"gpt":0.2571469664208905,"spread":0.1968939241773859,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002943365,0.000588744,0.001414999,0.001008905,0.0009924349,0.0039086,0.00138442,0.002610963,0.005410145],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007880117,0.00066424,0.001782577,0.001160133,0.002015161,0.002775247,0.001488648,0.003158223,0.0004662704],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002523105,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001856588,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07526862,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07229665,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998803,0.0004427674,0.00004212749,0.0001861115,0.00007226094,0.00045362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9865924,0.009140895,0.002952585,0.0003219605,0.0002168029,0.0007753778],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000784602,0.0009185028,0.1790106,0.0001438272,0.0003535443,0.0007218585,0.0006256225,0.7444644,0.0009936462,0.05829319,0.003189004,0.01050117],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004921201,0.0005837615,0.04936839,0.0001215126,0.0003614857,0.0002017807,0.001855747,0.9127511,0.0006327384,0.03128045,0.002236723,0.000114284],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902338,0.0003974418,0.004245529,0.001252513,0.00001300923,0.00003236641,0.0001723751,0.00003367443,0.003619289],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979675,0.000199715,0.0004034678,0.000087932,0.00001208951,0.00001286717,0.00008829266,0.000006386622,0.001221536],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07526862,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.149661,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3208369227","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.70056","title":"Preemptive Entry and Technology Diffusion: The Market for Drive-in Theaters","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Firm Innovation and Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Diffusion; Business; Industrial organization; Computer science; Advertising; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Ricard Gil","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐François Houde","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shilong Sun","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuya Takahashi","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03498891142214097,"gpt":0.2354846277104697,"spread":0.2004957162883287,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014738,0.0001504609,0.0004115953,0.0006334109,0.0004446429,0.002812937,0.0004797614,0.0007995349,0.006163846],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01340876,0.0001452545,0.0003367943,0.0004928863,0.001113202,0.002326509,0.001054123,0.001306894,0.0004999204],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007593152,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000491552,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003177952,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003515729,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994904,0.0001601551,0.00002544116,0.00008591152,0.0001229291,0.0001150806],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9825456,0.009323354,0.005559803,0.0007010263,0.0007358788,0.001134197],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002373835,0.002125351,0.5880691,0.000376262,0.0003041305,0.001512028,0.004129501,0.02702552,0.01211789,0.2533062,0.006691734,0.1019685],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003418504,0.001456985,0.7348645,0.0001767233,0.0001921127,0.000980291,0.007113569,0.1083179,0.006184809,0.1212157,0.01899213,0.0001634938],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9853725,0.000418682,0.002460284,0.0005761752,0.000009353598,0.00002360441,0.0001025103,0.00001348926,0.01102346],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985955,0.00009026023,0.000132678,0.00002447644,0.00001065244,0.00000390401,0.00003242898,0.000002136937,0.001107954],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006163846,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02062011,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407185229","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12493","title":"The Effects of Advertising Disclosure Regulations on Social Media: Evidence From Instagram","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Digital Marketing and Social Media","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Advertising; Social media; Business; Political science; Law","authors":[{"name":"Daniel Ershov","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew Mitchell","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01995530897078847,"gpt":0.284977070726578,"spread":0.2650217617557895,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003439367,0.0002056259,0.0003121709,0.001263191,0.0006356231,0.001898686,0.0005409616,0.0006656532,0.003779638],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01770279,0.0001946781,0.0003566475,0.001529194,0.001622653,0.001192847,0.001404773,0.0009629361,0.0005934787],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009426394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005589938,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01570667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01658799,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966933,0.001423509,0.0001393892,0.0003304404,0.0008839694,0.0005294793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9388084,0.0309162,0.02365055,0.002676703,0.002391436,0.001556654],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001148643,0.001153592,0.9592618,0.0001266309,0.0002593454,0.0002717393,0.001822245,0.0009677412,0.001116837,0.002256525,0.002533338,0.02908159],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003909519,0.0002798713,0.9925532,0.0000265964,0.0000829741,0.00005271866,0.002125925,0.0008830327,0.001029638,0.0003366997,0.002572327,0.00001798477],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959423,0.0002137657,0.0001211163,0.0003064887,0.000008329645,0.00001161458,0.0003053523,0.000008505702,0.003082581],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990643,0.00011054,0.00005367183,0.00008264211,0.00001525211,0.000006783781,0.0002108439,0.000003343286,0.0004526784],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01570667,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03123045,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2944321426","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12336","title":"The curse of knowledge: having access to customer information can reduce monopoly profits","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Digital Platforms and Economics","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Monopoly; Curse; Profit (economics); Business; Microeconomics; Markov chain; Economics; Marketing; Industrial organization; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Didier Laussel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ngo Van Long","is_ca":true},{"name":"Joana Resende","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04008306000705253,"gpt":0.2384889878230176,"spread":0.1984059278159651,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001246577,0.0002994773,0.0005729953,0.0005000803,0.0006099993,0.001947005,0.0007604405,0.001576343,0.009451402],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01532137,0.0002425284,0.0002769885,0.0006187517,0.001590394,0.003138733,0.001943436,0.001011289,0.0008293691],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008774846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001210811,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002271908,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002054724,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989109,0.0003594332,0.00004521186,0.0001476277,0.0002680604,0.0002686882],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9793312,0.01397314,0.002803304,0.002276442,0.0007259172,0.0008900632],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002669796,0.003158436,0.04727273,0.0009993223,0.0004291879,0.001933138,0.003195231,0.1060056,0.03196306,0.345084,0.01704941,0.4402402],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002765881,0.001547395,0.06044737,0.0002646185,0.000470796,0.001175383,0.002260271,0.2519774,0.02456152,0.6341441,0.02268172,0.0001929199],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9050556,0.0009559296,0.02569463,0.005111499,0.00004895407,0.00005073203,0.0001297616,0.000201762,0.06275106],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977568,0.00008999842,0.0006807143,0.0001242984,0.00001495068,0.000006815822,0.0000117673,0.000007556098,0.001307079],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009451402,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03161806,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888144226","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12245","title":"Auctions with <i>ex post</i> uncertainty","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Auction Theory and Applications","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Common value auction; Nonparametric statistics; Econometrics; Identification (biology); Semiparametric model; Component (thermodynamics); Computer science; Ex-ante; Economics; Microeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Yao Luo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Isabelle Perrigne","is_ca":false},{"name":"Quang Vuong","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06357171760187409,"gpt":0.3283799436029881,"spread":0.264808226001114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0137555,0.0005539567,0.001922619,0.0006739117,0.0006771252,0.005729,0.002665552,0.001976662,0.004588473],"category_scores_gemma":[0.05087683,0.001030897,0.00150104,0.001248277,0.002822523,0.00690497,0.002191634,0.003717593,0.0004532201],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001662468,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00110096,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001232079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000815166,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9920536,0.004333698,0.0006035859,0.001225491,0.001080319,0.0007032559],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9285125,0.04541414,0.01311529,0.01047177,0.001863518,0.000622724],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006780865,0.0003752686,0.01388492,0.0002860485,0.0003464308,0.0007298433,0.0005559625,0.3765836,0.00302037,0.5795999,0.001557247,0.02238237],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007501373,0.0001479576,0.00540596,0.00004952416,0.0000732936,0.0002715643,0.000231204,0.584691,0.002001627,0.4058745,0.00110214,0.00007620485],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3912758,0.000260018,0.5985397,0.001398536,0.00004520013,0.0001118414,0.0005896695,0.0001761153,0.007603164],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9883136,0.00008805083,0.01003958,0.0000568519,0.00003734687,0.00005016081,0.0001539349,0.00001902877,0.001241588],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0137555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07274693,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1997073286","doi":"10.1111/j.1756-2171.2009.00080.x","title":"Efficiency out of disorder: Contested ownership in incomplete contracts","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Law, Economics, and Judicial Systems","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Incomplete contracts; Inefficiency; Equity (law); Business; Microeconomics; CONTEST; Transaction cost; Database transaction; Investment (military); Economics; Incentive; Industrial organization","authors":[{"name":"Kurt Annen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0412564438536225,"gpt":0.2223143231207442,"spread":0.1810578792671217,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0111867,0.0004261417,0.00156524,0.001098695,0.001941875,0.005437758,0.001735062,0.002628061,0.006990612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04284773,0.0005946893,0.001252821,0.0009779936,0.01185521,0.009309371,0.004739414,0.003711604,0.0004405267],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003331947,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002351771,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002767038,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00150882,"domain_scores_codex":[0.990766,0.004591427,0.0004157001,0.001021071,0.001656064,0.001549634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9537719,0.03165272,0.006003305,0.005060417,0.001752993,0.001758671],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000262152,0.00001741114,0.0005716395,0.00002192556,0.00001240483,0.0001696929,0.0002746328,0.006978963,0.000175069,0.9896554,0.0003900429,0.001706626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003876068,0.00001702252,0.0003203971,0.00002061623,0.000009025549,0.00007463454,0.0001753011,0.0254016,0.0001296305,0.9724337,0.001368096,0.00001116121],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3911544,0.00158566,0.4322905,0.009116032,0.0001420159,0.0002766238,0.0002600179,0.0001468541,0.1650278],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892356,0.0002557982,0.005717663,0.0002106337,0.00008008826,0.00008023612,0.00002990859,0.00003193944,0.004358082],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0111867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05916166,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2120371963","doi":"10.1111/j.1756-2171.2006.tb00065.x","title":"To bundle or not to bundle","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Digital Platforms and Economics","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Bundle; Monopoly; Mathematical economics; Mathematics; Economics; Microeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Hanming Fang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter Norman","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0251970328773649,"gpt":0.2104681464032732,"spread":0.1852711135259082,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003193521,0.0004696518,0.0008127193,0.0007574557,0.0008744081,0.0020454,0.0006567138,0.001352626,0.02804449],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02534807,0.0002607708,0.0006229595,0.0009407345,0.0009836091,0.004945369,0.001107706,0.001457069,0.005005371],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007845314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009390743,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009385376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001634746,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979903,0.0006697636,0.0001197949,0.0004001447,0.0005081783,0.0003118792],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9889276,0.004398378,0.001446751,0.003105928,0.001377934,0.0007434561],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003910326,0.002692119,0.03081146,0.0006615858,0.0005244552,0.0004131091,0.0008334025,0.02374502,0.01229047,0.2424832,0.03866791,0.6429669],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007754494,0.003665239,0.06960209,0.0003222503,0.0004252965,0.00191259,0.002487543,0.1547828,0.01289153,0.6763778,0.07656821,0.0001892904],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7602934,0.00090951,0.1026212,0.005584589,0.0007161737,0.0004936118,0.0009251533,0.000716831,0.1277395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9549008,0.0003949688,0.02743948,0.00108999,0.0001720461,0.0002148686,0.0007286979,0.000245833,0.01481332],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02804449,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09381819,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412510625","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.70001","title":"Measuring Substitution Patterns in the Attention Economy: An Experimental Approach","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Digital Platforms and Economics","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"Toulouse School of Economics; Singapore Management University; Tel Aviv University; University of Toronto; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Stanford Graduate School of Business; Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Imperial College London; Booth School of Business, University of Chicago; Northwestern University","keywords":"Substitution (logic); Economics; Macroeconomics; Econometrics; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Guy Aridor","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04510897741786923,"gpt":0.2140807761310246,"spread":0.1689717987131553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008996352,0.0006734209,0.000785943,0.0007520248,0.0008279529,0.001878528,0.00141659,0.001655426,0.008899545],"category_scores_gemma":[0.05120248,0.0006691429,0.0006482516,0.001185978,0.002689329,0.002102304,0.002616632,0.001914588,0.0007639173],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001195423,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005658856,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001403804,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009638618,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9903502,0.006099222,0.0005559465,0.001374385,0.001228516,0.0003916917],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9388137,0.04238369,0.006351712,0.00964138,0.002000292,0.0008092573],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.04058036,0.07950012,0.2628061,0.002635311,0.002825276,0.0006722343,0.01044834,0.03749268,0.1882457,0.1964456,0.006214647,0.1721337],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00731832,0.05327482,0.3855149,0.0003262651,0.002280073,0.0008347866,0.003928683,0.1418738,0.08586334,0.2970501,0.02099292,0.0007419214],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9694614,0.000104991,0.01941957,0.0002821036,0.00005881509,0.0008021858,0.0004503083,0.00004224346,0.009378454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.984705,0.00005581348,0.0105974,0.0002888115,0.00005179023,0.002406687,0.0002911755,0.00002550643,0.001577959],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008996352,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04757786,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073212410","doi":"10.1111/j.1756-2171.2008.00003.x","title":"Industry dynamics with stochastic demand","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Firm Innovation and Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Productivity; Aggregate demand; Microeconomics; Supply and demand; Demand shock; Welfare; Aggregate (composite); Demand management; Distribution (mathematics); Realization (probability); Industrial organization; Econometrics; Monetary economics; Macroeconomics; Market economy","authors":[{"name":"James Bergin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dan Bernhardt","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03287581967217207,"gpt":0.1902724199183399,"spread":0.1573966002461679,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000779313,0.0003806427,0.0007263951,0.000680459,0.000517096,0.001513283,0.0007127394,0.001958084,0.005456924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005437622,0.0004375444,0.0006726361,0.0007322633,0.0008606205,0.002003338,0.00136803,0.001340065,0.0005865887],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001077838,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006024644,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01072176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006608894,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994799,0.000159978,0.00001911753,0.0001045361,0.00008896341,0.0001475013],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971924,0.001296725,0.0008169739,0.0001814974,0.00024447,0.000267839],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009599094,0.00009805012,0.008921361,0.0000610683,0.00007812795,0.0006592968,0.0002758712,0.7028088,0.002446272,0.2747599,0.002698826,0.007096377],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004481057,0.00006395453,0.003052522,0.00001325534,0.00001924471,0.0001568723,0.0001709341,0.8814858,0.0002450604,0.1125328,0.002182045,0.00003265222],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7812193,0.0006785528,0.1825247,0.005219693,0.00007689827,0.00006419701,0.001283882,0.000227048,0.02870555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9859217,0.0005226842,0.002975339,0.0001745212,0.00005026564,0.00005018565,0.0002783144,0.00002047602,0.01000654],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01072176,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02131873,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398133451","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12463","title":"Robust contracts in common agency","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Law, Economics, and Judicial Systems","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Agency (philosophy); Business; Epistemology; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Keler Marku","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sergio Ocampo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐Baptiste Tondji","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05578355229508858,"gpt":0.2215754682165888,"spread":0.1657919159215002,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01274949,0.0006761389,0.001196615,0.00137564,0.001535228,0.004571414,0.001864858,0.003362963,0.005284416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04511075,0.0005611377,0.00132894,0.001246876,0.006870731,0.007449776,0.003260967,0.003238687,0.0005570329],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003675971,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002102792,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001972566,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009101537,"domain_scores_codex":[0.984628,0.007978544,0.0007733243,0.002034995,0.003307183,0.001278024],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9641191,0.02138709,0.004793745,0.005350774,0.003111307,0.001238051],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002601002,0.00001581245,0.0001647502,0.00001856898,0.00001466456,0.00007455924,0.00009673199,0.02623671,0.0002655027,0.96957,0.0003080352,0.0032087],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001559225,0.00002613031,0.0001080532,0.00001590381,0.000006864231,0.00004189552,0.00004088421,0.08602268,0.0002381608,0.9119654,0.001506188,0.00001227407],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1008657,0.0006355289,0.8467129,0.002585466,0.00007239638,0.0001959066,0.0001928903,0.0001577583,0.04858157],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9528755,0.0002185966,0.04154765,0.0001871361,0.00007172781,0.0001731903,0.00006305032,0.00003797136,0.004825222],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01274949,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06742656,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1509900014","doi":"","title":"Wealth Constraints and Option Contracts in Models with Sequential Investments","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Private Equity and Venture Capital","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Asset (computer security); Insider; Loan; Value (mathematics); Finance; Economics; Business; Microeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Christoph Lülfesmann","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0303779685647586,"gpt":0.2085859868751527,"spread":0.1782080183103941,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005920348,0.001159075,0.001644118,0.001114995,0.001625667,0.004549335,0.001740447,0.004668259,0.01318605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01857477,0.001341423,0.00128573,0.001371866,0.003477125,0.007131261,0.002835439,0.004105948,0.0006514243],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003298219,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002390152,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006613776,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004723731,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967764,0.001862466,0.0001265443,0.0003209845,0.0003280748,0.0005854877],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9848637,0.01101946,0.001893441,0.000587356,0.0004804126,0.001155747],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008275182,0.00006909383,0.0006224531,0.00005144204,0.00003477544,0.000317337,0.0001268989,0.2460589,0.0001701089,0.7482632,0.001221823,0.002981153],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007378817,0.00004235468,0.0002123372,0.00004951325,0.00001656305,0.00006572201,0.00007222688,0.3197892,0.00006061441,0.6774976,0.002093769,0.00002629651],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3986275,0.0045586,0.4513185,0.01567438,0.0003288339,0.000273994,0.001368665,0.000299123,0.1275504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9655574,0.001031802,0.01138399,0.0002425041,0.000154523,0.0002068517,0.000204737,0.00004624866,0.02117203],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01318605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04411179,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2082848041","doi":"10.1111/1756-2171.12023","title":"Multidimensional heterogeneity and the economic importance of risk and matching: evidence from contractual data and field experiments","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Housing Market and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Center for Interuniversity Research and Analysis on Organizations; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Matching (statistics); Earnings; Sorting; Economics; Business; Econometrics; Finance; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Charles Bellemare","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bruce Shearer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04914172965321277,"gpt":0.252116924310493,"spread":0.2029751946572802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02858523,0.0003586467,0.0008706852,0.001461749,0.001323718,0.002082548,0.001470841,0.001505194,0.006102497],"category_scores_gemma":[0.07862658,0.0004508523,0.0006161072,0.001963405,0.003357858,0.002346151,0.001485172,0.001019034,0.0005128745],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000927271,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007152887,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003717415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003611256,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9889954,0.00751297,0.0006910297,0.0009160355,0.001592744,0.0002917263],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.6743178,0.2076801,0.07997502,0.03198154,0.003206905,0.002838645],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.008886476,0.009110084,0.8117113,0.00076518,0.001551571,0.0004354224,0.003540856,0.02052669,0.004204732,0.03847041,0.002467937,0.09832939],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001026019,0.003104766,0.8796724,0.0002619992,0.0004661914,0.0004155081,0.00224938,0.02999827,0.003230524,0.07409346,0.00529931,0.0001821743],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.991675,0.0004828617,0.002958185,0.0003301953,0.000008799054,0.00008105477,0.0002330553,0.0000112933,0.004219609],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968948,0.0002490475,0.001986267,0.00009703067,0.00001455566,0.00005619262,0.0002237723,0.000005669448,0.0004726195],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02858523,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1511749,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}