{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":33,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":1,"predictions_cover":33,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"a26346a09828","filters":{"venue":"Theoria"}},"results":[{"id":"W1986091482","doi":"10.3167/004058100782485693","title":"Democracy and Trust","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Political Systems and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Democracy; Epoch (astronomy); Quarter (Canadian coin); Modernism (music); Globalization; Political economy; Government (linguistics); Cold war; Political science; History; Aesthetics; Sociology; Economic history; Law; Politics; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Claus Offe","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009212946363121866,"gpt":0.2809368806091452,"spread":0.2717239342460233,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000239096,0.00002740865,0.00004943665,0.000003268258,0.0002135232,0.00002539146,0.00005761443,0.0000272899,0.002012246],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005769157,0.00002255972,0.00001138205,0.00003903414,0.0001275706,0.00006254109,0.000004721205,0.00002767134,0.0002473942],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001346891,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001755408,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006467014,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001992627,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995916,0.00005676008,0.00004840609,0.00006300937,0.00008711669,0.0001530558],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997985,0.00005469027,0.000009620398,0.00005322064,0.000006021329,0.00007788465],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003222146,0.000003549791,0.0008416695,8.889334e-7,0.000001187696,8.242407e-7,0.0008724821,4.604411e-8,0.000008782826,0.9785707,0.0008892912,0.01880735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006660704,0.000005179485,0.009235967,0.000004657395,0.000001680397,4.637821e-7,0.00007146006,0.000003154703,0.000008523336,0.280484,0.7100807,0.00003758852],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4981645,0.00007833474,0.000005183391,0.001355585,0.0001200937,0.00003331596,0.000002506664,0.00002163055,0.5002188],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9461361,0.00006610731,0.00002145535,0.0001871063,0.0003413015,0.000001246384,1.021821e-7,0.000002040773,0.05324454],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7091914,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989001,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2082229088","doi":"10.3167/th.2008.5511605","title":"'Fire from Above, Fire from Below': Health, Justice and the Persistence of the Sacred","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Public Health Policies and Education","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Persistence (discontinuity); Economic Justice; Environmental science; Political science; Engineering; Law; Geotechnical engineering","authors":[{"name":"James R. Cochrane","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06790570059685914,"gpt":0.3945915946494092,"spread":0.3266858940525501,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001091021,0.0001323891,0.0003302899,0.00001627484,0.002266455,0.000006412465,0.0003829666,0.0001447822,0.0003412054],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000745322,0.00007258974,0.00006626867,0.0002194276,0.0004490555,0.00008363787,0.0001442815,0.0005063802,0.00006166814],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001151255,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001098103,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05581597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005506372,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972357,0.001302241,0.0005397848,0.0002146113,0.0002425951,0.0004650459],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961471,0.002493147,0.0004200131,0.0006468021,0.0001188331,0.0001740861],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007251092,0.0001682025,0.01491319,0.000776668,0.0001250785,9.519242e-7,0.5057976,0.00001157247,0.00006524711,0.08049463,0.3844387,0.01248309],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006229728,0.0001346287,0.4585001,0.0009751295,0.0002798689,0.000006329264,0.1338879,0.002784366,0.00002096496,0.07670289,0.3200434,0.000434614],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9172475,0.00447507,0.0000235618,0.06871518,0.003346263,0.0007775505,0.0002519084,0.00003895176,0.005123968],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9787004,0.003589353,0.0001623544,0.01450035,0.001422071,0.00006775973,0.00002737192,0.0000179184,0.001512447],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4435869,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990324,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403222156","doi":"10.1111/theo.12566","title":"Conversational silence, reconsidered","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Critical Race Theory in Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"White Rose College of the Arts and Humanities; University of Waterloo; Cardiff University; University of Sheffield","keywords":"Silence; Communication; Psychology; Linguistics; Philosophy; Aesthetics","authors":[{"name":"Anna Klieber","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02418673805212082,"gpt":0.3945166878588727,"spread":0.3703299498067519,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00107025,0.00004335331,0.00004908362,0.00004716213,0.0001692643,0.0001067845,0.0001010314,0.00004718242,0.01002586],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009434249,0.00004276048,0.00003119768,0.000186023,0.0003333757,0.0001843839,0.000009830148,0.0000819343,0.001890348],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009011842,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002933878,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008745523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007322486,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992671,0.0001823354,0.00008819302,0.0001291699,0.0001763779,0.0001568283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99867,0.001108999,0.000008886969,0.00009081959,0.00005081689,0.00007041445],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004338031,0.000008856692,0.0000165733,0.000004961282,0.000005368679,0.000001665226,0.0254093,6.08448e-7,0.0001394659,0.9640702,0.003370728,0.006967915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002676081,0.000005454231,0.00007183957,0.00001913927,0.000007914314,9.169459e-7,0.0217278,0.00003930622,0.0001182277,0.879933,0.09799298,0.00005665916],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3527807,0.0004200018,0.0006517678,0.02602014,0.007272409,0.0001982968,0.0000126832,0.0004663123,0.6121777],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9918762,0.00002586332,0.0001992619,0.000182464,0.0009022822,0.00001037936,0.000003788372,0.000006293309,0.006793416],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6390955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988868,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2099848887","doi":"10.1111/j.1755-2567.2007.tb01210.x","title":"Evidentialism and the Numbers Game1","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Normative; Epistemology; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Andrew Reisner","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02890549949402321,"gpt":0.2690204381239677,"spread":0.2401149386299445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001775974,0.00007574799,0.0001302875,0.00001978687,0.0002643557,0.00008446386,0.0001095528,0.00003701659,0.0003862146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007372953,0.00004556382,0.0000563309,0.00001300792,0.001389228,0.00007782593,0.00003186319,0.0001539224,0.00009179704],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005692976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000933403,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000440253,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009563979,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994045,0.0001065441,0.0001370351,0.00009967225,0.00009445521,0.0001577738],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991739,0.0005174605,0.0000559122,0.0001708125,0.00004941757,0.00003247349],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006142754,0.000006595852,0.00002045258,0.000008964772,0.00002636308,0.000001801808,0.05184522,6.454103e-8,0.00001397557,0.9454647,0.001458975,0.001091504],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005924037,0.00001393594,0.00008310728,0.00001055074,0.00004823156,0.000003461264,0.006059543,0.000002517761,0.00006586591,0.663734,0.3293067,0.00007966142],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2168728,0.001398257,0.0003383965,0.002419918,0.00447873,0.0002291291,0.000007002243,0.00009003291,0.7741657],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9800789,0.00006603295,0.00002154541,0.001171684,0.001712535,0.000002945114,0.000001820461,0.000009878231,0.0169346],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7632062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5118667,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3137804110","doi":"10.1111/theo.12307","title":"Deontic Concepts and Their Clash in Mīmāṃsā: Towards an Interpretation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Classical Philosophy and Thought","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Vienna Science and Technology Fund","keywords":"Deontic logic; Normative; Epistemology; Interpretation (philosophy); Philosophy; Rendering (computer graphics); Presentation (obstetrics); Sociology; Computer science; Linguistics; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Elisa Freschi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Matteo Pascucci","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02550586133170505,"gpt":0.2693636110084211,"spread":0.2438577496767161,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001177512,0.00008329908,0.0001289945,0.00002749705,0.0000685219,0.00009842835,0.00005731331,0.00003024863,0.0007332552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003808631,0.00006363535,0.00002953213,0.00002697458,0.0001686005,0.0001888176,0.00003235655,0.0001003359,0.00002407328],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001359087,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002070168,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002802031,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008939964,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994708,0.0001051288,0.000121092,0.0001484197,0.00004823093,0.0001063474],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997045,0.00007006272,0.00002389421,0.0001206338,0.00003993032,0.0000410149],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003491271,0.00004344478,0.0000192491,0.00000925305,0.00000855282,0.000006361782,0.03410335,9.516449e-7,0.0001687693,0.9472507,0.00004467588,0.01830983],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003726407,0.00006668584,0.0004079626,0.00004063689,0.000008475067,0.000002880037,0.004229028,0.0007691878,0.0006292189,0.969744,0.0236068,0.0001225022],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6614232,0.0003979549,0.0001059144,0.0009899568,0.0006833149,0.00007754351,0.00002056155,0.00004978774,0.3362518],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979832,0.00001270042,0.00001905693,0.0003870858,0.0004950276,0.000005492203,0.00001625285,0.0000084681,0.001072769],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.33656,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8028631,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2049560676","doi":"10.1111/j.1755-2567.2008.01027.x","title":"Why We Should Lower Our Expectations about the Explanatory Gap","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Philosophy and Theoretical Science","field":"Psychology","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Qualia; Epistemology; Explanatory model; Physicalism; Explanatory power; Positive economics; Work (physics); Economics; Philosophy; Metaphysics; Physics; Consciousness; Quantum mechanics","authors":[{"name":"Neil Campbell","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06266900949506006,"gpt":0.3591885002375838,"spread":0.2965194907425238,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003578917,0.0001133956,0.0001051774,0.00003530674,0.0001977854,0.00003196141,0.000470178,0.00007847568,0.001549804],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006453766,0.00006970401,0.00007370886,0.0002127937,0.0001656557,0.00007444918,0.00002152694,0.0002082123,0.001300358],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001467578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001141886,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007143932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002345978,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989427,0.0001974253,0.0001450036,0.0002333265,0.000181281,0.0003002495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991943,0.0001653809,0.00004295093,0.0004758404,0.00002499944,0.00009652946],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005778643,0.00008201687,0.000005874038,4.461247e-7,0.000009707976,0.00001189127,0.002863738,0.000001100958,0.0001784383,0.9778219,0.01662331,0.002343821],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001924565,0.00009786501,0.0007226955,0.00000795314,0.00001230211,0.000008600166,0.001634646,0.00000720741,0.0001120498,0.9769717,0.02012061,0.0001119248],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0169577,0.0007216811,0.001138448,0.05224553,0.002415502,0.0001871286,0.00001157286,0.0001353141,0.9261871],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913625,0.00000789825,0.00003261083,0.007219929,0.0005340088,0.00001982084,0.000001463862,0.000007001127,0.0008148038],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9744048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994773,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297172905","doi":"10.1111/theo.12433","title":"Distributive justice, social cooperation, and the basis of equality","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Political Philosophy and Ethics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Stockholms Universitet; Uppsala Universitet; Riksbankens Jubileumsfond","keywords":"Distributive justice; Distributive property; Law and economics; Economic Justice; Basis (linear algebra); Social justice; Sociology; Political science; Social psychology; Psychology; Law; Mathematics; Pure mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Emil Andersson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04995301860602275,"gpt":0.3606320083006399,"spread":0.3106789896946172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002878923,0.00003160416,0.00008563707,0.000006496184,0.001653572,0.00001504953,0.0001228198,0.00002786523,0.0002642678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008783673,0.0000231373,0.0000282646,0.0001286453,0.001370735,0.00003756521,0.00007833607,0.0001504124,0.000002417292],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003347772,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009746527,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006069682,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004080739,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983428,0.001166888,0.00009937447,0.00006437185,0.0002100105,0.0001165662],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989729,0.0008399365,0.00003874083,0.0000543814,0.00006440638,0.00002964699],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007504818,0.00001517954,0.00001720559,0.000004351459,0.000007731383,1.066846e-7,0.02308007,0.000001196301,0.000005199477,0.9763661,0.0002836843,0.0001441137],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000291233,0.00001239609,0.0002649936,6.480697e-7,0.00004061022,8.976647e-8,0.007691236,0.00001154057,0.0000315478,0.9837842,0.007836211,0.00003528877],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1535665,0.0001883517,0.001235266,0.1299255,0.001155076,0.0004870504,0.0007692524,0.00006372266,0.7126092],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988401,0.00000809274,0.000004651002,0.0006027381,0.0003102647,0.00001071451,0.000004977442,0.000001651507,0.0002167868],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8452736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996461,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4247424246","doi":"10.3167/004058105780929273","title":"Constitutional Learning","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Constitution; Democracy; Federalism; Politics; Political science; Constitutional crisis; Liberal democracy; Law; Presidential system; Political economy; Public administration; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Andrew Arato","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01994031328946877,"gpt":0.3032975533610416,"spread":0.2833572400715728,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003523414,0.00003575985,0.00005090986,0.000009680301,0.0009503174,0.00001793439,0.00006913326,0.00002569792,0.000936699],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002043678,0.00003250192,0.0000266148,0.00007971899,0.001453646,0.00008609045,0.00001823175,0.00006732178,0.0007955668],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004802389,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001080089,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004304244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003701698,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994993,0.00006111385,0.00005987052,0.00006844928,0.000175108,0.0001362014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997908,0.00008131986,0.0000178511,0.00002491905,0.00004537447,0.00003971895],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006020872,0.000008722032,0.001042971,1.451326e-7,0.000006766285,5.91013e-7,0.0008554973,0.00004317041,0.00001624981,0.9885436,0.0004787654,0.008997534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000691357,0.000005322816,0.0004146093,0.000003361495,0.000003928717,5.0152e-7,0.0007776181,0.000003247528,0.00001574058,0.1340817,0.8645751,0.00004965185],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01634023,0.0003106332,0.0007325195,0.003947841,0.0003358829,0.00004479289,0.000001377653,0.00009474984,0.978192],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965748,0.00006631122,0.0001513911,0.0002313459,0.001360687,0.000003950184,0.000001099997,7.748814e-7,0.001609686],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9802345,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999824,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095709560","doi":"10.1111/theo.12029","title":"Russell and Wittgenstein on Logical Form and Judgement: What did Wittgenstein Try that Wouldn't Work?","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Wittgensteinian philosophy and applications","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Trent University","funders":"","keywords":"Judgement; Epistemology; Philosophy; Relation (database); Demise; Constraint (computer-aided design); Context (archaeology); Linguistics; Mathematics; Computer science; History; Law","authors":[{"name":"James Connelly","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0360027772495313,"gpt":0.212636264603024,"spread":0.1766334873534927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001887311,0.0003108244,0.0002974544,0.00008599323,0.0005100273,0.0008207189,0.0001873873,0.0001165727,0.002198911],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001058833,0.0002321356,0.00006777519,0.00005849539,0.000592849,0.0006987581,0.0001077269,0.0002493313,0.0006679415],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001996424,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001076693,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002808389,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001521876,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998634,0.00006189119,0.0002685706,0.0004461407,0.0002128221,0.0003766023],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990882,0.0001505253,0.0001102291,0.0004044505,0.00005553995,0.0001910207],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006438731,0.00009633908,0.00007456755,0.00002601397,0.00004624621,0.000003186426,0.007765819,5.288301e-7,0.0001809809,0.968204,0.002468209,0.0210697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001479546,0.0005301104,0.001776468,0.0002482031,0.0001027034,0.00001430709,0.008482412,0.00004652973,0.001021677,0.779129,0.2063272,0.0008417931],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8481179,0.001127893,0.0000187428,0.004999447,0.000488734,0.0008402078,0.00002272088,0.0001588096,0.1442255],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911754,0.0003126844,0.00007506862,0.001600914,0.0008093692,0.0001404827,0.00002026711,0.00003590187,0.005829876],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.203859,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987132,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2809304055","doi":"10.1111/theo.12150","title":"Disagreement and Conceptual Understanding","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Epistemology; Sociology; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Gurpreet Rattan","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1773672540940777,"gpt":0.2910917078219759,"spread":0.1137244537278982,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002700536,0.00006867416,0.0000959602,0.00001724433,0.0002981451,0.00005205709,0.00005704026,0.000026244,0.001236888],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002013955,0.00005415811,0.00002178874,0.00000832463,0.002114687,0.00007108827,0.00003102905,0.00007043946,0.0001076579],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001996541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001127123,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004203148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004824757,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995469,0.00005068412,0.00009131579,0.0001091048,0.00007084682,0.0001310944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996856,0.000106064,0.00003410472,0.0001048319,0.00003455352,0.00003481091],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001158446,0.000008471687,0.00004099638,0.000005183566,0.00001924666,5.017701e-7,0.08807275,1.545502e-8,0.00003536441,0.9079553,0.003700038,0.000150532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002273823,0.0001359494,0.00001714511,0.00001414332,0.00002167932,4.786718e-7,0.05910906,0.000006879266,0.00009625641,0.7659957,0.1742823,0.00009298496],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1283507,0.0001691073,0.001364032,0.002190901,0.002969481,0.0001323193,0.00001887529,0.00007296648,0.8647317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9904041,0.00001331485,0.00002814813,0.0009092196,0.001689557,0.000002097571,0.000002625109,0.000007183391,0.006943794],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8620534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996761,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1901813965","doi":"10.1111/j.1755-2567.2008.00012.x","title":"‘Hoist with His Owne Petar’:<sup>1</sup> On the Undoing of a Liar Paradox","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Philosophy and Theoretical Science","field":"Psychology","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Undoing; Proposition; Philosophy; Reductio ad absurdum; Epistemology; Scope (computer science); Computer science; Psychology; Psychoanalysis; Metaphysics","authors":[{"name":"Jordan Howard Sobel","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02867889815110089,"gpt":0.2619796873971171,"spread":0.2333007892460162,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005232237,0.000139724,0.0001942806,0.00003703705,0.0001917105,0.000008189741,0.0004420732,0.00005884088,0.001658342],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009789543,0.00007171868,0.00006577263,0.0002869973,0.001143328,0.00004258948,0.00003846308,0.000215823,0.0006117565],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001718099,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002349948,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000428518,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000194453,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987538,0.0002532415,0.0001774023,0.0002643837,0.0002511248,0.0003000691],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985559,0.0006710055,0.00008068291,0.000577432,0.00003124575,0.00008374557],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000411593,0.0001212176,0.0001878767,0.000002686138,0.00003383078,0.00003608112,0.003879357,0.00003413777,0.00009719366,0.9946007,0.0002524542,0.0003428618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008384419,0.0007508553,0.002202326,0.00005299908,0.00003460717,0.0001092298,0.000556749,0.0001368208,0.001144193,0.9910539,0.002896178,0.0002236736],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5944265,0.00005505466,0.0002571119,0.001371029,0.0001266644,0.0001330949,0.000007093954,0.0000360576,0.4035874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983623,0.00000579159,0.00007565167,0.0004944034,0.0001886026,0.00001677116,0.000001008144,0.00001285237,0.0008426105],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4039358,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992543,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3134735527","doi":"10.1111/theo.12310","title":"Should Acknowledgments in Published Academic Articles Include Gratitude for Reviewers Who Reviewed for Journals that Rejected Those Articles?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Universitetet i Oslo; Ryerson University","keywords":"Gratitude; Argument (complex analysis); Publishing; Quality (philosophy); Psychology; Sociology; Epistemology; Law; Political science; Social psychology; Medicine; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Joona Räsänen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pekka Louhiala","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2973672460105159,"gpt":0.4024448103015438,"spread":0.1050775642910279,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003992061,0.0002692182,0.0007611368,0.0001288308,0.0003666168,0.0002991248,0.0003730928,0.0001919855,0.0005933816],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00406699,0.0002193783,0.0003063132,0.0001727564,0.0002372465,0.0006523182,0.0001074441,0.0005638787,0.00003837414],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008009846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001573295,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000178732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001052257,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973925,0.0005262333,0.000828825,0.0004318414,0.000274592,0.0005459744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972793,0.0009269994,0.0003603304,0.0004836865,0.0008151594,0.0001344963],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002099643,0.0002269317,0.0008241087,0.001042454,0.0001811352,0.000006279783,0.02849815,0.00000244781,0.004024764,0.9125269,0.04085546,0.01160136],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001952694,0.000116987,0.0003543706,0.001647156,0.0002423948,0.000003641796,0.003822813,0.00009113248,0.007975876,0.6075598,0.375814,0.0004191005],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7408843,0.1620394,0.004491998,0.03799041,0.0149145,0.00904258,0.0005975601,0.000527774,0.0295115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9411966,0.01992525,0.002619178,0.009117153,0.004725123,0.001203652,0.0001653323,0.0001737901,0.02087397],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3349586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8945988,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1599247264","doi":"10.1111/j.1755-2567.2010.01072.x","title":"Explanatory Exclusion and the Intensionality of Explanation","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Philosophy and Theoretical Science","field":"Psychology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Epistemology; Criticism; Falsity; Interpretation (philosophy); Physicalism; Philosophy; Realism; Metaphysics; Causation; Linguistics","authors":[{"name":"Neil Campbell","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009569621880331511,"gpt":0.286436090261831,"spread":0.2768664683814995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001274401,0.000043222,0.00007976488,0.00001749746,0.00006411909,0.000004274533,0.0001410611,0.00004654228,0.0007896608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002307035,0.00002342235,0.00002197347,0.00006183074,0.0008997158,0.00003345387,0.00004228568,0.0001332103,0.00003318685],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000001809505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000501276,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000333734,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004656108,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994636,0.0001406004,0.0001053765,0.0001080392,0.0001037347,0.00007866794],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991782,0.0005012467,0.00004681496,0.0002051747,0.00003411807,0.00003442401],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002335705,0.0000183192,0.00008780647,0.000001302284,0.000004436653,7.550856e-7,0.001041315,3.50355e-8,0.004958908,0.9917142,0.00007786393,0.001861463],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004921406,0.0000154929,0.006326133,0.000003066058,0.000005752478,0.00000837435,0.000144869,0.00001838033,0.001051328,0.991437,0.000464434,0.00003299385],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7752439,0.00004620552,0.0001956472,0.001568263,0.0009558208,0.00007859616,0.000004263267,0.00001341143,0.2218939],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995297,0.000002583728,0.00003006878,0.0002708737,0.00009469868,0.000005419598,0.000001112595,0.000002176754,0.00006337379],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2242858,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8646232,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2143510213","doi":"10.1111/theo.12005","title":"That's Outrageous","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Outrage; Presentism; Philosophy; Compatibilism; Epistemology; Political science; Determinism; Law","authors":[{"name":"John Turri","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06095525434760405,"gpt":0.2394809691349445,"spread":0.1785257147873404,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001933552,0.00009119026,0.0001310398,0.00002448748,0.0001660603,0.0001156219,0.0001412208,0.00004390994,0.006215408],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002332464,0.00006932157,0.00006425248,0.000008691088,0.0003353124,0.0001566908,0.00002390634,0.0001518628,0.003312805],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007032542,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001266116,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004564606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001459354,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994491,0.00006360601,0.00009903254,0.000116466,0.00008588733,0.0001858923],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995118,0.0001148239,0.00004406784,0.0002168408,0.00006823326,0.00004416965],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002695991,0.00002051487,0.00003473949,0.00001050091,0.00001890209,0.000001515103,0.01619919,2.449735e-7,0.00005632336,0.9723841,0.009223074,0.002048202],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001351128,0.00003634669,0.0001761724,0.000006835432,0.00001635798,0.000001586525,0.003450455,0.00000657681,0.0002117426,0.6692681,0.3265679,0.0001228872],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1817574,0.0001636091,0.00005563167,0.001210879,0.002689911,0.000167962,0.00000867909,0.0001505557,0.8137954],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9439865,0.00001018683,0.00004118094,0.0008143989,0.001209757,0.00001824715,0.000005571493,0.0000142966,0.05389987],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7622291,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9974632,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116606867","doi":"10.1111/theo.12007","title":"Absences and Late Preemption","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Preemption; Causal model; Computer science; Mathematical economics; Economics; Mathematics; Statistics","authors":[{"name":"Oisín Deery","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02009625080604446,"gpt":0.1803948631875204,"spread":0.1602986123814759,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007361759,0.00003380997,0.00003684917,0.00001860467,0.0002029784,0.00007897098,0.00005638994,0.000008341625,0.003339861],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004085376,0.00002515723,0.000008953183,0.000005970319,0.0003582189,0.0003014685,0.00001106717,0.00002649574,0.0005658204],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000003336086,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003139337,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001351432,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003875008,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997656,0.000009571149,0.00004345653,0.0000691585,0.00004931353,0.0000628854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998751,0.00001429122,0.00001785632,0.00005115966,0.00001691495,0.00002462868],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001684078,0.000004620372,0.00002146619,0.00000287501,0.000001375004,1.426562e-7,0.01113546,1.76707e-7,0.0003852292,0.9849288,0.0008107348,0.002707394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005420286,0.0000412532,0.001506185,0.000006809445,0.000002640235,5.01846e-7,0.0004479153,0.0000475788,0.00002681604,0.9177859,0.08001743,0.00006272326],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5885205,0.00009794852,0.000002320996,0.0004498306,0.000357722,0.00004336654,0.00000132514,0.00002983663,0.4104971],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9893088,0.000009473881,0.00002001027,0.0001317124,0.000289413,0.000005055203,4.497681e-7,0.000001730273,0.01023336],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4007883,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975712,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3176555393","doi":"10.1111/theo.12301","title":"Show, Don't Tell","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Psychedelics and Drug Studies","field":"Psychology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Tula Foundation","funders":"","keywords":"Craft; Meaning (existential); Memorization; Context (archaeology); Power (physics); Aesthetics; Epistemology; Maxim; Literature; Linguistics; Psychology; Sociology; Philosophy; Visual arts; History; Art","authors":[{"name":"Jan Zwicky","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02776232593775841,"gpt":0.340778201237616,"spread":0.3130158752998576,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001670369,0.00007973857,0.0001209261,0.00001864148,0.00006202482,0.00001498594,0.00009639058,0.00005087023,0.007098449],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003137577,0.00006887937,0.00005485798,0.0001144157,0.00004364512,0.00001543045,0.00005457641,0.00008238514,0.001912631],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000781873,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001346599,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002073596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000209358,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993619,0.00006758055,0.000105034,0.0001987122,0.00006977114,0.0001970133],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994532,0.0000916385,0.00002308966,0.0003457696,0.00004699922,0.00003931764],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003330146,0.0001029676,0.001647099,0.000003596601,0.0001036893,0.00006108966,0.002240726,4.290706e-7,0.001031867,0.9033952,0.08424526,0.007134761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009290934,0.00004641827,0.01588978,0.00001163677,0.00003549777,0.00004038972,0.003689574,0.000004928531,0.001428813,0.1982642,0.7793887,0.0002709692],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.193461,0.001522582,0.0002140163,0.001027745,0.002886147,0.00003815943,0.000008290119,0.00006050715,0.8007815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9573171,0.00004202718,0.0001680653,0.0007407224,0.0005200998,0.00001306941,0.000005162321,0.0000139329,0.0411798],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7638561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988645,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4238483600","doi":"10.1111/theo.12299","title":"Disguised Plagiarism","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Copying; Terminology; Publishing; Epistemology; Sociology; Philosophy; Literature; Linguistics; Law; Art; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Sven Ove Hansson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02745538034944308,"gpt":0.3005129734863187,"spread":0.2730575931368757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008554233,0.00006342886,0.0000984517,0.00001227541,0.0002835086,0.00003404303,0.0003142899,0.0004198329,0.00200792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001036698,0.00005731536,0.00004475353,0.000155415,0.0001826805,0.0001039723,0.00003233604,0.0008292602,0.001105831],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002233964,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000947868,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004956888,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003364731,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990523,0.0002432003,0.0001043466,0.0001341261,0.0002416487,0.0002243919],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994724,0.0002099858,0.00003544811,0.00007306442,0.0000348675,0.0001741734],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002598298,0.00000510136,0.0001963792,0.000002208056,0.000006854154,0.00000368616,0.03934097,0.000001020134,0.0001711635,0.9254999,0.03179022,0.002956511],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001713415,0.00001810469,0.0001152717,0.000005343623,0.000009803559,2.398573e-7,0.005248519,0.00006897166,0.0002998883,0.1542995,0.8396418,0.0001212291],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03634628,0.0001350989,0.003659009,0.06514446,0.001027529,0.0001956667,0.00001427262,0.0003287822,0.8931489],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920292,0.00005154004,0.0002515142,0.004190423,0.001690225,0.000002968415,0.000003661894,0.000006584876,0.001773863],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9556829,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996719,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W1519670215","doi":"10.1111/j.1755-2567.2012.01132.x","title":"Is Lewis's Mixed Theory Mixed Up?","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Functionalism (philosophy of mind); Physicalism; Epistemology; Psychology; Philosophy; Metaphysics","authors":[{"name":"Michael J. Raven","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06523935747259486,"gpt":0.2427548814087929,"spread":0.177515523936198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007776954,0.0001251343,0.0001352224,0.00006305503,0.0005334968,0.0000664071,0.0003983429,0.00003495171,0.009415618],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006128672,0.0001006842,0.00008299479,0.00002865526,0.0007137467,0.000496725,0.00007036995,0.0001095266,0.002379971],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000272042,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001804751,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002217167,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001734368,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999111,0.0000943216,0.0001353201,0.0001505525,0.0001783019,0.0003305194],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992895,0.0001199774,0.00005966126,0.0003742313,0.00004045364,0.0001162217],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002840507,0.00003977153,0.00002215685,0.000005862259,0.00001187344,4.286989e-7,0.04453921,4.345589e-8,0.0002091512,0.9312745,0.02163304,0.002235605],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011761,0.0000250249,0.0001543169,0.000006330304,0.00001421401,0.0000013351,0.001515954,8.792046e-7,0.0004919296,0.5012361,0.496314,0.0001223353],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1625505,0.001055016,0.00004153377,0.00093854,0.01145291,0.0001034697,0.00003785608,0.0001581686,0.823662],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.964004,0.000006306204,0.0000444197,0.0008682703,0.00236441,0.000007780204,0.000003245928,0.000012714,0.03268879],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8014536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983968,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3156947721","doi":"10.3167/th.2021.6816604","title":"Sen’s Conception of Freedom, and a Conjecture on Embodiment","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Political Economy and Marxism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Faculty of Education, Victoria University of Wellington; University of Toronto; Cambridge Trust; University of Cambridge","keywords":"Normative; Epistemology; Subjectivity; Interpretation (philosophy); Pluralism (philosophy); Value (mathematics); Sociology; Value pluralism; Subject (documents); Negative liberty; Referent; Philosophy; Law; Mathematics; Political science; Politics; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Fadi Amer","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01343552840781063,"gpt":0.2903918584068122,"spread":0.2769563299990015,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002208419,0.00003272246,0.0000791056,0.000008740979,0.00006840313,0.00001099829,0.00003320596,0.00004632715,0.0006672404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001150435,0.00002959569,0.00001975356,0.00002915028,0.0002317489,0.00003045332,0.00001544564,0.0000421747,0.00001930933],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000220097,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006238518,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002378818,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001327114,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995854,0.0001062815,0.00006439908,0.000079091,0.00006038134,0.0001044648],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996995,0.0001361761,0.00002153124,0.00006478876,0.00002207617,0.00005597187],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007138117,0.00001448402,0.00006466389,0.000002949841,0.000006128626,0.000001510296,0.002337585,0.000001893673,0.0001850998,0.9955592,0.000231392,0.001588024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006456727,0.00009967578,0.001478536,0.00003369594,0.00002191425,0.000001382361,0.005138024,0.00001969081,0.004459331,0.8546252,0.1333459,0.0001309792],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5694631,0.0001054487,0.00008534535,0.002613729,0.0004980178,0.00008452346,0.00001333099,0.00002199629,0.4271145],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984376,0.0000263838,0.0000708576,0.000286611,0.0002184568,0.000002363849,0.000001450126,0.000001671796,0.0009546126],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4289745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7305814,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200086150","doi":"10.1111/theo.12365","title":"Protection of Patient Autonomy via Consumer Protection Litigation: The Israeli Eltroxin Class Action as a Case Study","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Medical Malpractice and Liability Issues","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Class action; Settlement (finance); Autonomy; Plaintiff; Medicine; Law; Political science; Public relations; Business; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Tamar Gidron","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elad Schild","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0803073659116392,"gpt":0.4254772778469596,"spread":0.3451699119353204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001828172,0.0001400005,0.0002408859,0.00005031747,0.0007352215,0.00001487287,0.00007517529,0.000179465,0.001928885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001969783,0.00009759423,0.00006536397,0.0003506646,0.0001109242,0.0001984338,0.00007630613,0.0008681788,0.0002995252],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001993207,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005986819,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00441885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006742299,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99499,0.003469898,0.0006414925,0.0002993693,0.0003494746,0.0002497708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977415,0.0006896837,0.00044265,0.0005382127,0.0004933764,0.0000946029],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004375617,0.00940355,0.01811014,0.003629468,0.001331416,0.001295643,0.4371479,0.00009748234,0.04366937,0.06883717,0.003433492,0.4086688],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003503162,0.002688339,0.003145299,0.0004256858,0.0004769826,0.0007974439,0.6228329,0.001124403,0.0157406,0.03233429,0.3164356,0.0004952405],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9834059,0.00005140181,0.001439581,0.007076472,0.00183353,0.004010996,0.000003888235,0.00009412622,0.002084126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967728,0.000005746535,0.00006944405,0.0003445574,0.0005576986,0.001448104,0.00000571896,0.00001574799,0.0007801949],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4081736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989835,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210805139","doi":"10.1111/theo.12386","title":"A Metaphysical Puzzle for<scp>Neo‐Fregean</scp>Abstractionists","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Philosophy and Theoretical Science","field":"Psychology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Presentism; Metaphysics; Epistemology; Abstraction; Modal logic; Philosophy; Context (archaeology); Modal; Chemistry; History","authors":[{"name":"Thomas Donaldson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02419472140444402,"gpt":0.3137583716777004,"spread":0.2895636502732564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008070156,0.0001289956,0.0001796558,0.00004742341,0.0006140766,0.00003489291,0.0004752994,0.00004870033,0.001637038],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001688523,0.0001174112,0.0001604054,0.0002883385,0.0002809625,0.00007572932,0.0001231441,0.0002851692,0.0005063842],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004331979,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001990996,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001734922,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001410993,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985275,0.000231521,0.0001780299,0.0003836249,0.0002584725,0.00042088],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984814,0.0008776153,0.00007897305,0.0004040706,0.00002725295,0.0001306947],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005812963,0.0002492095,0.00001222106,0.000002771233,0.00004234934,0.0000107466,0.0007531914,0.0000154026,0.0009823989,0.9929722,0.003469874,0.001431526],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004124253,0.0001977912,0.0005563584,0.000001130922,0.00003059801,0.00002656052,0.0003781899,0.00005275905,0.0005697046,0.8922107,0.1055023,0.00006150697],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1817994,0.0001376988,0.002753539,0.001510068,0.004059248,0.000459513,0.0001520912,0.0001995451,0.8089288],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947304,6.402238e-7,0.0001473268,0.0004585328,0.0005374179,0.0002697411,0.00001436554,0.00001764384,0.003823905],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.812931,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992756,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3094539809","doi":"10.1111/theo.12288","title":"False Beliefs and Misleading Evidence","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Normative; Doxastic logic; Psychology; Epistemology; False accusation; Scientific evidence; Positive economics; Social psychology; Philosophy; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Marc‐Kevin Daoust","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1774774998680184,"gpt":0.2908205842105531,"spread":0.1133430843425347,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002650194,0.00008240257,0.0001404888,0.00001318927,0.000177763,0.00007364718,0.0001000938,0.00003231605,0.000332635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002063421,0.00006886473,0.00003466612,0.00001512799,0.000337041,0.0001487427,0.00004129606,0.0001466744,0.0001863297],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004531981,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001396531,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004174357,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004974126,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994584,0.00007273877,0.0001119685,0.0001527752,0.00007448754,0.0001296738],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994708,0.0002700574,0.0000416826,0.0001033328,0.0000434586,0.00007061611],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001593238,0.000005432812,0.00006334839,0.00005429419,0.00001479889,0.000002924599,0.07014903,3.76415e-7,0.0007034084,0.9260928,0.001788526,0.001109143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003903879,0.0002716507,0.0001689038,0.0001761019,0.00008529281,0.000003559491,0.00876832,0.00008508898,0.001138156,0.4551741,0.5333664,0.0003719708],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6467056,0.01005193,0.0005766825,0.03794723,0.003697262,0.0005029693,0.00004492846,0.0005104817,0.2999629],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923571,0.0001269623,0.00006813771,0.002525202,0.001722644,0.00000337659,0.000001394727,0.0000111365,0.003184068],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5315779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.364212,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2058766829","doi":"10.1111/j.1755-2567.2009.01037.x","title":"Epistemic Supervenience and Internalism: A Trilemma","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Kwantlen Polytechnic University","funders":"","keywords":"Internalism and externalism; Supervenience; Trilemma; Epistemology; Philosophy; Economics; Metaphysics","authors":[{"name":"Colin P. Ruloff","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04228653152720648,"gpt":0.2622803259404284,"spread":0.219993794413222,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003923847,0.000102631,0.0001743122,0.00003658227,0.0001494767,0.00008241957,0.0001429379,0.00004161169,0.000293139],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004817632,0.00008227679,0.00005633767,0.00001596944,0.0003974263,0.0001348937,0.00002081463,0.0001576695,0.0000649592],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009913538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001400732,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001139076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009975075,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993384,0.00008508052,0.0001646227,0.0001593423,0.00008445034,0.000168138],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995639,0.0001106322,0.00005081996,0.0001714142,0.00005180753,0.00005138824],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002470393,0.00002128539,0.00003807791,0.00001183975,0.000009356188,0.000005036537,0.02458801,9.699725e-8,0.0002586016,0.9706762,0.0006433738,0.003723371],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000364024,0.000206693,0.0003027604,0.00004905293,0.00002745933,0.0000170929,0.002061155,0.00001636442,0.000279163,0.8969666,0.09954522,0.0001644332],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8434991,0.0007769651,0.0001088361,0.003807536,0.001421794,0.0001337106,0.00001907253,0.0001078979,0.1501251],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9893166,0.00005189868,0.00004005116,0.001100957,0.0008048185,0.000002945031,0.000003261605,0.000006894194,0.008672578],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1458175,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.335515,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2108395644","doi":"10.1111/j.1755-2567.2008.00023.x","title":"The Cambridge Companion to Locke's “Essay Concerning Human Understanding”– Edited by Lex Newman","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"American Constitutional Law and Politics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Sociology; Classics; Philosophy; History; Library science; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Benjamin Hill","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05935029147130003,"gpt":0.3228103993995571,"spread":0.2634601079282571,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004981157,0.00009270603,0.0001179323,0.00002182619,0.003294025,0.00006171616,0.0002745671,0.00004731708,0.00008869154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008983417,0.00007359307,0.00004141084,0.0001818475,0.001750813,0.00007516798,0.00003891717,0.0001182223,0.00008144716],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003780316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005077212,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004663736,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002871819,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987931,0.000230068,0.0001443558,0.0001404343,0.000323744,0.0003682829],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991764,0.0003822404,0.00006659452,0.0001415292,0.00005412655,0.00017912],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007764463,0.000008144429,0.0008653923,5.984242e-7,0.000009717917,0.000002375518,0.001818693,0.000004741356,0.0001693024,0.9215606,0.07551948,0.00003318722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001619654,0.00003738889,0.0002701707,0.00001024051,0.000009005324,0.000002731934,0.005570836,0.00000492943,0.00006308539,0.007775296,0.9859428,0.0001514851],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1387248,0.0001143417,0.004924126,0.003989641,0.001309272,0.0002448385,0.00004676064,0.0001473374,0.8504989],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9874871,0.00002140832,0.00002240862,0.0005118843,0.00103426,0.000005117969,0.00001479044,0.000007963604,0.01089508],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9137853,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980035,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2148213500","doi":"10.3167/004058101782485601","title":"The U.S. Economic Crisis: A Marxian Analysis","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Political Economy and Marxism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Recession; Stock market; Economics; Boom; Stock (firearms); Debt; Financial crisis; Quarter (Canadian coin); Monetary economics; Finance; Keynesian economics","authors":[{"name":"Richard D. Wolff","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01121933581547667,"gpt":0.2972937013116813,"spread":0.2860743654962046,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001043584,0.00005239301,0.0001044539,0.0000382344,0.0006457006,0.0001116618,0.0002801453,0.00004621294,0.001483486],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000768847,0.00003821499,0.0001183473,0.0001580657,0.0002193954,0.0001005204,0.00002761717,0.000058708,0.0007479062],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001271383,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009643269,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004698195,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008390907,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992121,0.0001587972,0.0001224584,0.0001202009,0.00005615353,0.0003302811],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999362,0.000263897,0.00003383547,0.0002059266,0.00001191193,0.0001224438],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008734957,0.000003592331,0.0005522853,1.640192e-7,0.00008680136,0.000001015116,0.0007206729,0.000007949433,2.644776e-7,0.9931839,0.001853738,0.003580882],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005003185,0.000004437084,0.0008116989,3.671495e-7,0.00007222914,1.81617e-7,0.002228865,0.00005927334,0.000002969948,0.3633259,0.6333891,0.00005501382],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07929925,0.0001234528,0.0003287375,0.01603386,0.0006149339,0.00009470993,0.000005443772,0.00007689363,0.9034227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992983,0.0002511492,0.00001594214,0.0005817718,0.0004770656,0.00001077491,9.392573e-7,0.000003292317,0.005676002],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9136838,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994293,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409964711","doi":"10.1111/theo.70016","title":"The Passage of Time in the Block Universe","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Relativity and Gravitational Theory","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Cape Breton University","funders":"Queen's University; Cape Breton University","keywords":"Block (permutation group theory); Universe; Physics; Astronomy; Mathematics; Combinatorics","authors":[{"name":"Kyley Ewing","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00331970054319959,"gpt":0.2338048161627366,"spread":0.230485115619537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004755502,0.00003676671,0.0000508395,0.0000171037,0.00007632028,0.000009406286,0.0001570035,0.00001125112,0.00006530449],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009772403,0.00002007486,0.00003699948,0.0001351132,0.00008200623,0.00002510939,0.00002608522,0.00007776299,0.00003837072],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000003761817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002223755,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002128924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001610674,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996017,0.000167755,0.00007317321,0.00004423059,0.00005129681,0.00006185014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989614,0.0008540169,0.00003014975,0.0001359876,0.00001376631,0.000004691627],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001905732,0.00002388112,0.0005199313,9.408398e-7,0.00001791005,1.708695e-7,0.0003984118,0.00004619099,0.000154472,0.9957015,0.0007386925,0.002378857],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001591037,0.000006366899,0.00187568,0.00000990027,0.00000788675,3.528962e-8,0.000939225,0.00004314393,0.000221291,0.9890646,0.007650438,0.00002230224],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2536116,0.00005448097,0.0004004604,0.001674574,0.0001224557,0.0001715501,0.00001872253,0.000005416374,0.7439407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921766,0.000001267673,0.00001079945,0.00002805526,0.00002915387,0.0000037529,0.000003007939,0.000001487901,0.007745901],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7385649,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0818629,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098301287","doi":"10.1111/j.1755-2567.2006.tb00951.x","title":"IAN HACKING, Historical Ontology Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2002, vii + 279 pp. ISBN 0-674-00616-x (hardcover)","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Miller; Hacker; Queen (butterfly); Citation; Media studies; Art history; Sociology; Library science; Art; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Jon Miller","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01951999514179356,"gpt":0.206070757552837,"spread":0.1865507624110435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003012045,0.0002559303,0.0004234909,0.00008424144,0.0003474229,0.00005131387,0.001612756,0.0001989754,0.00009932434],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000120035,0.0002447342,0.0001567908,0.0002493458,0.0002203926,0.0004993659,0.0005005683,0.0002756433,0.0004950469],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004199076,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001659941,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001105209,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004201406,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979758,0.0002570021,0.000248881,0.0006236991,0.0003190073,0.0005755996],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984035,0.000183752,0.0001483764,0.0009955833,0.0001061217,0.0001626338],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007654539,0.0001218782,0.001735183,0.00001213157,0.00004776025,0.0007377074,0.0005954376,0.00001182073,0.0001157037,0.3581687,0.6368152,0.001561958],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008522624,0.0001469086,0.01316899,0.00001360347,0.00002541274,0.0002306411,0.00005253424,0.001091831,0.0004233557,0.001928014,0.981661,0.0004054946],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.09746943,0.006721511,0.3925428,0.007662707,0.0181564,0.001043116,0.00004165952,0.003229138,0.4731332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8628292,0.001693808,0.02213103,0.00132295,0.001298943,0.000009386915,0.00001033899,0.00005430222,0.1106501],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7653598,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.997997,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1529586392","doi":"10.1111/theo.12009","title":"On the Constitutive Property Reply: Commentary on<scp>C</scp>ampbell","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Exemplification; Property (philosophy); Counterintuitive; Individuation; Epistemology; Physicalism; Appeal; Extensional definition; Philosophy; Event (particle physics); Supervenience; Psychology; Metaphysics; Psychoanalysis; Law; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Dwayne Moore","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03667112628280406,"gpt":0.2065685771242835,"spread":0.1698974508414795,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000284611,0.0001287973,0.0001118765,0.00003816052,0.0009793126,0.0001282636,0.0003517026,0.00001862044,0.003017499],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001076507,0.00006019555,0.00005314888,0.00002368667,0.001675761,0.0001976743,0.00004312092,0.0001885417,0.003777944],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004091969,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002231775,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003163786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003741786,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991995,0.00008890489,0.0001210629,0.0002010771,0.0001892231,0.0002001956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989611,0.0005307415,0.00006226094,0.0003339353,0.00005373644,0.00005821297],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005091868,0.00004681258,0.00000124539,0.000001750234,0.000008200927,0.000001172671,0.00964418,0.000001009168,0.00004107931,0.6198218,0.370226,0.0002017176],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009888021,0.0001592141,0.000007132775,0.00002166649,0.000005102346,5.442641e-7,0.001612787,0.00001153548,0.0001515624,0.4156891,0.5822044,0.000038105],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05130724,0.00003436836,0.000002211385,0.01403208,0.001128101,0.0003597264,0.00002983289,0.00006623091,0.9330402],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.928277,0.000004629256,0.000006663054,0.04654797,0.0007313714,0.00004766852,0.000003388499,0.000007933533,0.02437341],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9086668,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9978939,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2155657518","doi":"10.1111/theo.12027","title":"Dress Rehearsals, Previews, and Encores: A New Account of Mental Representation","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Intentionality; Direct and indirect realism; Representation (politics); Mental representation; Cognition; Situated cognition; Psychology; Cognitive science; Naturalism; Epistemology; Cognitive psychology; Perception; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Nancy Salay","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04880553533620486,"gpt":0.2565295666242273,"spread":0.2077240312880224,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001310699,0.00005643104,0.0001078425,0.00003333584,0.0001244864,0.00005382553,0.0001063993,0.0000126787,0.002348085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000192116,0.00004398818,0.00002510236,0.00001729203,0.0003293336,0.0004003529,0.00002863545,0.00003500448,0.00009191704],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009911458,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001673582,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001014306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007346157,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995272,0.00002881553,0.0001379703,0.0001151676,0.0001135882,0.00007726146],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996895,0.0000304878,0.00007517783,0.0001286702,0.00003308611,0.00004309156],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001203888,0.00002548306,0.00003837299,0.00002562342,0.000008779247,2.240853e-7,0.05859402,1.852845e-7,0.00177517,0.9120729,0.01903739,0.008409797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004296781,0.0001611204,0.001077577,0.0001222988,0.00002718874,0.000002886813,0.003929375,0.0000359278,0.0006184092,0.7310398,0.2623795,0.0001762526],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7099074,0.003140985,0.0000140736,0.001374033,0.001122269,0.000569777,0.0000193093,0.00005161785,0.2838006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948019,0.0001905847,0.00008610904,0.0001165216,0.0003314867,0.000008943711,0.000003045467,0.000004189048,0.004457163],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2848946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985639,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409964625","doi":"10.1111/theo.70009","title":"A Crazy Idea: Ibn Sīnā on Hylomorphism, the Elements, Mixture and Evolutionary Processes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Medieval and Classical Philosophy","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy; Epistemology","authors":[{"name":"Jon McGinnis","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01546117716098019,"gpt":0.2334253763360266,"spread":0.2179641991750464,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001409941,0.0001178542,0.0001181151,0.00003452738,0.0004204205,0.00006984283,0.0001530074,0.00003091094,0.0009888252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001044154,0.00006407896,0.00002945612,0.00004944483,0.0003387195,0.00005843414,0.00005466971,0.0001489938,0.00009519695],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001488837,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000408671,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001904477,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005041231,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993469,0.00005200103,0.0001420834,0.0001632778,0.0001498439,0.0001459379],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994769,0.000214973,0.00004062953,0.000159554,0.00007420951,0.00003380327],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007703451,0.00005664165,0.00002882306,0.0000649752,0.00003952902,0.000001723936,0.001717858,2.960576e-7,0.000019584,0.9469131,0.04988238,0.00119801],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001760791,0.00005953338,0.0001510097,0.00005324703,0.00002812937,4.342621e-7,0.0003706839,0.000006996651,0.00003029482,0.5817943,0.4172689,0.00006037733],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07290995,0.003403668,0.00001634296,0.03442734,0.00161101,0.0004599929,0.0001077974,0.0001261239,0.8869377],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9732125,0.00006687873,0.000007574135,0.003480033,0.001040262,0.0000380953,0.00001270533,0.00000765242,0.02213425],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9003026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999244,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403371661","doi":"10.1111/theo.12565","title":"Names and existence","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Names, Identity, and Discrimination Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy; Epistemology; Linguistics","authors":[{"name":"Daniel Goldstick","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03429499294108995,"gpt":0.4076892405665279,"spread":0.3733942476254379,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007539286,0.00002884579,0.00003803992,0.00005060106,0.000233357,0.0002786379,0.00009701394,0.00002586703,0.0006234122],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002525606,0.00002480677,0.0000167434,0.000147998,0.000291446,0.0001596802,0.00003133174,0.00005358233,0.0001592929],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002162622,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007932039,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007288089,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003895864,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994168,0.00009351048,0.00004603662,0.0001020274,0.0002174783,0.0001241368],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997073,0.0001378668,0.000005319141,0.00005618575,0.00003427737,0.00005907867],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001816041,0.000004347612,0.0005815112,0.00001696566,0.000002786862,0.000005268304,0.005337455,2.514773e-8,0.00005584621,0.9796563,0.001905974,0.01243167],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004890098,0.0000118952,0.001946234,0.00002005952,0.000006781945,7.273357e-7,0.005357607,0.00003174691,0.00003975876,0.7890077,0.2034661,0.0000624926],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1869654,0.003735646,0.0002982224,0.005530084,0.001091375,0.0001306089,0.000004547883,0.0001731268,0.802071],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9647971,0.0004406311,0.00006101439,0.00004139528,0.0002689593,0.000004746646,9.782823e-7,0.000003192838,0.03438198],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7778317,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6825926,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4213100607","doi":"10.1111/theo.12397","title":"Semicompatibilism Imperiled","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Free Will and Agency","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Determinism; Epistemology; Compatibilism; Indeterminism; Free will; Key (lock); Philosophy; Law and economics; Sociology; Computer science; Computer security","authors":[{"name":"Ishtiyaque Haji","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02050530680082481,"gpt":0.2346630843149987,"spread":0.2141577775141739,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001478612,0.0000573937,0.00006664332,0.00002673841,0.0002573933,0.00001152777,0.0002735005,0.00000850074,0.005042659],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008574426,0.0000493377,0.0000349857,0.0001661426,0.00003938962,0.00004369302,0.0001706056,0.0001173621,0.0001903246],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002226393,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001446789,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009383884,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.428649e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992687,0.000149361,0.00008453921,0.0001882628,0.0001598527,0.0001492976],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996298,0.00008367009,0.00002765488,0.0002218127,0.000003572693,0.00003347627],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002545127,0.00004384949,0.00009494229,0.000001869238,7.691976e-7,0.00001835959,0.0005851162,0.00005139528,0.7907493,0.2036882,0.002930332,0.001810383],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001000174,0.0002717239,0.0009434668,0.000004093848,0.000009852695,0.0001086294,0.0003496475,0.001584382,0.464891,0.3385866,0.191803,0.0004473383],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9605194,0.00002822816,0.00001583725,0.0001957515,0.001190791,0.00008641747,0.00002112264,0.0001132382,0.03782926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964489,0.000003428662,0.00001685852,0.0007004776,0.0001101016,0.00002431344,0.000001335478,0.000008877965,0.002685677],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3258583,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9958669,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3089413651","doi":"10.1111/theo.12276","title":"On the Definition of Slavery","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoria","topic":"Colonialism, slavery, and trade","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"St. Thomas University","funders":"","keywords":"Honor; Extant taxon; Convention; Subject (documents); Corporate governance; Law; Political science; Epistemology; Law and economics; Sociology; Philosophy; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Michael Rota","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06249581181409086,"gpt":0.2873347968223579,"spread":0.224838985008267,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030157,0.00003512559,0.00005898661,0.000008521845,0.0001489103,0.00001394975,0.0001323122,0.000030076,0.0004536964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003008583,0.00002442591,0.0000410487,0.0001236895,0.0001418076,0.00002962487,0.00001108722,0.00005668181,0.0001294523],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001073734,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004736269,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002017513,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005743979,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994631,0.0001565454,0.00006598252,0.00006521418,0.0001593946,0.0000897553],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994479,0.0003939726,0.00003444189,0.00007307206,0.00001650167,0.00003415769],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003422373,0.00001098268,0.00004193488,0.000001692229,0.00000558252,7.665122e-7,0.02829959,8.006934e-7,0.0001324684,0.9698647,0.001284878,0.0003223266],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001855013,0.00009942148,0.0007658945,0.000009669724,0.00001631887,1.03246e-7,0.002839952,0.000006250247,0.001239417,0.969503,0.02526741,0.00006709142],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.720677,0.00002541064,0.00003363943,0.01550497,0.0003319478,0.0001113809,0.000007879292,0.00003940339,0.2632684],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985394,0.00002564029,0.00001757525,0.00105715,0.0003012563,0.000003137436,7.972379e-7,0.000003206956,0.00005176038],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2778625,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4967657,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}