{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":112,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":112,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"b45f2498b29f","filters":{"venue":"Toxics"}},"results":[{"id":"W3205780347","doi":"10.3390/toxics9100269","title":"The Effects of Essential and Non-Essential Metal Toxicity in the Drosophila melanogaster Insect Model: A Review","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Trace Elements in Health","field":"Nursing","cited_by":105,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Drosophila melanogaster; Organism; Metal toxicity; Biology; Model organism; Melanogaster; Toxicology; Heavy metals; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Genetics; Gene","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03372893918162832,"gpt":0.3585743746563178,"spread":0.3248454354746894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001827984,0.0005249478,0.002061248,0.000106975,0.0002205078,0.00008495325,0.0007534043,0.0003063358,0.00001181546],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005542733,0.0003081386,0.0005052935,0.0005664058,0.0002048806,0.0001054164,0.0002666325,0.001062442,0.00000597148],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001235587,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002630665,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000233131,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001232965,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954363,0.001558365,0.001222283,0.0005525681,0.0006912849,0.0005392667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996446,0.001694879,0.0007025737,0.001012899,0.0000648133,0.00007888792],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003585732,0.0004022257,0.000007854183,0.2739013,0.000317469,0.00007689365,0.0008524992,0.00000518442,0.00005943154,0.0004863159,0.002999766,0.7208552],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00172224,0.0008306086,0.00004624566,0.2831196,0.008870599,0.0003616,0.00007870536,0.0005800984,0.0004916796,0.0005838087,0.7018242,0.001490653],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008461424,0.9942464,0.00004368674,0.000452585,0.001322659,0.002884689,0.00004532282,0.0000195871,0.0001389049],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001643803,0.9970256,0.0001591231,0.000475058,0.0003394194,0.000196834,0.00004351236,0.00007502155,0.00004161577],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7193646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999371,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3165413594","doi":"10.3390/toxics9050109","title":"Are Honey Bees at Risk from Microplastics?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Insect and Pesticide Research","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Global Institute for Water Security; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung","keywords":"Apiary; Microplastics; Honey bee; Biology; Toxicology; Environmental health; Zoology; Ecology; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03056802518166474,"gpt":0.2357961983766405,"spread":0.2052281731949757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007025764,0.00007352782,0.0001012807,0.000003386991,0.0002135646,0.00005456663,0.0001203894,0.00007921208,0.006163548],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002094207,0.00002780166,0.00005404544,0.0001547174,0.00003612382,0.00002205585,0.0001198613,0.0001315214,0.0005910571],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002298553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007856356,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000403307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006579986,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999276,0.00007405935,0.00008963913,0.0001794629,0.0001672102,0.0002136256],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993429,0.0003995261,0.00005500795,0.00004902249,0.00006440271,0.00008918396],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002661857,0.00006286661,0.1375301,0.00000352156,0.00001728937,0.00009074988,0.00008287101,0.000005386966,0.8393333,0.00006070392,0.008126792,0.01465973],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001060754,0.00005793543,0.747198,0.000018104,0.00001422161,0.0000081658,0.0002248555,0.0000837629,0.1738723,0.001241207,0.07700242,0.0001729613],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966269,0.0005828077,0.000003032865,0.0004617602,0.0001346192,0.00003301448,0.000392119,0.00003076052,0.00173498],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969602,0.0001840659,0.0001351722,0.0002038226,0.0004447128,0.000002102771,0.0001116129,6.814186e-7,0.0019576],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.665461,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.994745,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388775408","doi":"10.3390/toxics11110935","title":"(Micro)Plastics Are Toxic Pollutants","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Microplastics; Pollutant; Bioaccumulation; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Biota; Pollution; Hazardous waste; Environmental protection; Chemistry; Biology; Ecology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05446548784204226,"gpt":0.2919311541911114,"spread":0.2374656663490691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002357511,0.0005143611,0.001028664,0.0001149271,0.000173583,0.00006971767,0.0005225783,0.0004761487,0.002945607],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002732315,0.0004386907,0.0002898578,0.0006935028,0.0001524632,0.00005638516,0.0004696356,0.0004925328,0.04012987],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004199249,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008225712,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000192376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000106264,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977124,0.00008495426,0.0006120488,0.0005737706,0.0004028982,0.0006138686],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985091,0.000347788,0.0004438801,0.0004647702,0.000005754435,0.0002287009],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004522059,0.00007902677,0.00001675625,0.003470181,0.0001063536,0.0001617646,0.00004053211,0.0001056722,0.0000366602,0.000149259,0.02635613,0.9694731],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007935866,0.00003048999,0.00005200716,0.002920835,0.0003184367,0.00006144715,0.000005871552,0.00008699092,0.000005305454,0.00009061736,0.9958528,0.0004958826],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002864659,0.9904576,0.0007488703,0.00001391705,0.001917151,0.0005572973,0.002520007,0.0002404151,0.003516105],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00003873204,0.9934645,0.0004138954,0.0000447477,0.0002566661,0.00001765451,0.00005811482,0.0001118698,0.00559387],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9694966,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998065,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3206974827","doi":"10.3390/toxics9100264","title":"Insights into Elemental Composition and Sources of Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter in Dense Traffic Areas in Toronto and Vancouver, Canada","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Ministère de l’Environnement, de la Protection de la nature et des Parcs; Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Particulates; Environmental science; Road dust; Pollution; Aerosol; Trace element; Trace metal; Apportionment; Environmental chemistry; Air pollution; Enrichment factor; Environmental engineering; Metal; Meteorology; Heavy metals; Chemistry; Geology; Geography; Metallurgy; Geochemistry; Materials science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01084462316951486,"gpt":0.2480166875240718,"spread":0.237172064354557,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000738834,0.0000604348,0.0001114948,0.000007952463,0.00002964633,0.000007393674,0.00001809786,0.00002985068,0.0002169681],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005947557,0.00005863065,0.000003913231,0.00004293855,0.00007079625,0.000117024,0.00005240788,0.00004495468,0.000001037687],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022139,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002727489,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2680192,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9937718,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994355,0.00005263877,0.0001682229,0.0001264234,0.00009938669,0.0001177644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997841,0.00003315004,0.00003522864,0.00005482671,0.000002393124,0.00009034257],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001562454,0.0003223768,0.9397939,0.0003183959,0.00001161743,0.0001820619,0.0262307,0.001969798,0.007625995,0.00006087119,0.006550059,0.01677795],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001097126,0.00008018538,0.9811034,0.0000794349,0.000008249968,0.00001475066,0.003444175,0.008731083,0.003995256,0.0001825137,0.001098671,0.0001651091],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988016,0.0004693748,0.000004170687,0.0004536843,0.00002955163,0.00007601284,0.000003680869,0.000001674177,0.0001602264],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987431,0.00008163261,0.0002948487,0.0008327446,0.000004229559,0.000001331797,0.000003282045,0.000003027788,0.00003578085],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7257526,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7368551,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3115553616","doi":"10.3390/toxics8040126","title":"Comparison of the Zebrafish Embryo Toxicity Assay and the General and Behavioral Embryo Toxicity Assay as New Approach Methods for Chemical Screening","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Health Canada; National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Zebrafish; Toxicity; Embryo; Biology; Model organism; Animal testing; Bioassay; Toxicology; Computational biology; Cell biology; Chemistry; Biochemistry; Genetics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06755565404980718,"gpt":0.4103176001176506,"spread":0.3427619460678434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001293221,0.0001943977,0.0003510994,0.00001761382,0.0001852402,0.00006166234,0.0005389439,0.0002689334,0.00001577851],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002365787,0.0001290777,0.0001507188,0.0002026674,0.0007363407,0.000007699183,0.0008107226,0.0003362378,8.554842e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001345868,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001742174,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004674788,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009723497,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998125,0.0004075729,0.0003543941,0.0004847235,0.0002948349,0.0003335398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986475,0.0002607492,0.0001502098,0.0004288568,0.00009172285,0.0004209458],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002245015,0.0001227334,0.0003627632,0.00003522517,0.0000590075,1.096988e-7,0.0002339997,0.00000798583,0.9582226,0.001214167,0.01047071,0.02904615],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002055373,0.0002438177,0.001117619,0.000009988669,0.0001033014,0.00001000766,0.0002590398,0.02528635,0.9558854,0.000886679,0.01389417,0.0002482399],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6102564,0.0006137457,0.3786027,0.008340736,0.00004030108,0.001139058,0.0000811264,0.00002197276,0.0009039725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8908509,0.00004215118,0.1062913,0.001860738,0.0003622246,0.0001020466,0.00009819302,0.00003219685,0.0003602501],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2805945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5263635,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3048607982","doi":"10.3390/toxics8030055","title":"Effects of MP Polyethylene Microparticles on Microbiome and Inflammatory Response of Larval Zebrafish","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brandon University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Microplastics; Dysbiosis; Oxidative stress; Zebrafish; Polyethylene; Microbiome; Ingestion; Food science; Biology; Cross-linked polyethylene; Microbiology; Chemistry; Physiology; Zoology; Immunology; Environmental chemistry; Bioinformatics; Biochemistry; Gene","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005074087822945032,"gpt":0.1814930834496257,"spread":0.1764189956266807,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001423985,0.00007933026,0.0001216709,0.00002004788,0.00002543002,0.00000503863,0.00007740378,0.00004829051,0.00008736449],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001961368,0.00007384052,0.00002483989,0.00009973259,0.0001720301,0.00003238989,0.00008838478,0.00005797537,0.00005602984],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001772004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001009065,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001246272,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003408528,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994036,0.0000712865,0.0001635206,0.0001351762,0.0001045329,0.0001218665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994978,0.0002544121,0.00007855822,0.00007874562,0.00000399534,0.00008648539],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004456792,0.00004084978,0.002430048,0.0000519145,0.0000063234,0.000005628506,0.0003910564,0.00007923078,0.9957334,0.00003947427,0.0003729762,0.0004033573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003737873,0.0002779274,0.1010085,0.00002416393,0.00001074984,0.000002341314,0.00001146246,0.0002816554,0.8973144,0.00002367227,0.0006028527,0.00006852372],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994196,0.00006031717,0.0001474667,0.0001358258,0.0000408065,0.00009126642,0.00003304692,0.000009724573,0.00006195781],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993041,0.00001367352,0.0004493279,0.0001896014,0.00001327219,8.470772e-7,8.828053e-7,0.000007226016,0.00002108539],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09857845,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3011129,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220868336","doi":"10.3390/toxics10030146","title":"Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Canada: Population-Based Estimates of Disease Burden and Economic Costs","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"European union; Environmental health; Population; Disease burden; Burden of disease; Indirect costs; Biomonitoring; Gross domestic product; Disability-adjusted life year; Business; Medicine; Environmental protection; Geography; Economic growth; Economics; International trade","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005516265570514873,"gpt":0.2735197212010283,"spread":0.2680034556305134,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009387811,0.000097834,0.000156275,0.00002347343,0.00006349341,0.000007277687,0.0001403926,0.000007090418,0.0004774565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001238003,0.00009674852,0.00002111413,0.00008072342,0.0000216174,0.00003549201,0.0002367947,0.00008375422,0.000002872777],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008025738,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006461547,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6480439,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1837097,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991757,0.00002185948,0.0002185787,0.0002193018,0.000158697,0.000205852],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994338,0.0001956666,0.00006747375,0.0001535702,0.000002017963,0.0001474493],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003371029,0.00001922064,0.8602126,0.00002154841,0.000002692414,0.00001583395,0.00004028931,0.1205256,0.0154824,0.00001890209,0.0002122068,0.003415059],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009170276,0.000110815,0.9391988,0.0000520646,0.00002362371,0.000005261832,0.0002371745,0.03530785,0.02250008,0.0002131605,0.0009892922,0.0004448438],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988552,0.00005425462,0.000003078671,0.0006189619,0.00003646622,0.0001726947,0.00008094277,0.000009888215,0.0001685492],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999214,0.000002452132,0.0005474345,0.0001190006,0.00001895639,0.00003127446,0.00003508546,0.00001124456,0.00002053155],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4643342,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8311855,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989398915","doi":"10.3390/toxics3020170","title":"Speciation in Metal Toxicity and Metal-Based Therapeutics","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canada Research Chairs; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Genetic algorithm; Metal toxicity; Environmental chemistry; Metal; Toxicity; Chemistry; Heavy metals; Biology; Ecology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09935039652169553,"gpt":0.3415702807958808,"spread":0.2422198842741852,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001293268,0.0003925489,0.001171307,0.00009995397,0.00005203414,0.00003978027,0.0002758313,0.0003776266,0.0004489173],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006962384,0.0003136315,0.0002117535,0.0005104046,0.0001489052,0.0001660919,0.0001630796,0.0004352277,0.0006101231],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004024522,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001044635,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006585216,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003009943,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977196,0.0003844829,0.0005721327,0.0004864327,0.0004923235,0.0003449874],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990661,0.0001282643,0.0002372839,0.0003947411,0.000008375609,0.0001653002],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003472312,0.0002082154,0.0001156807,0.0004791511,0.00004296457,0.00001509126,0.0000691785,0.00001508912,0.00001985661,0.00006196504,0.00009669227,0.9988726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000218866,0.00007645596,0.000135678,0.0002104182,0.0003103891,0.000006693785,0.000005013115,0.0001407093,0.00007579871,0.0002646387,0.9981917,0.0003636171],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001604157,0.9877936,0.0001294914,0.00003408712,0.0001975402,0.0007018458,0.00004738062,0.00004526507,0.009446686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0009427394,0.9969994,0.0008714877,0.0002475811,0.00009620404,0.00003623845,0.00005068162,0.00005014085,0.000705461],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.998509,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999316,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3216328613","doi":"10.3390/toxics9110315","title":"Update and Evaluation of a High-Throughput In Vitro Mass Balance Distribution Model: IV-MBM EQP v2.0","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"ARC Resources (Canada); The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto; ASL Environmental Sciences (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Solubility; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Lipophilicity; Thermodynamics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01340257345993906,"gpt":0.3271604492499777,"spread":0.3137578757900387,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000368741,0.00007891452,0.0001318339,0.000007274236,0.00002777813,0.00001159402,0.00006621597,0.0000407329,0.00008758939],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001326095,0.00007175484,0.00002284809,0.0001310257,0.00006838049,0.0001079219,0.00009387887,0.00007940543,0.00001207593],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001070915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001512702,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008730228,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000205626,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991044,0.00006013164,0.0001636122,0.0002202076,0.0002939262,0.0001577037],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999675,0.00003781977,0.00006205147,0.0001677738,0.00001931604,0.00003807988],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003731043,0.0001581174,0.006885312,0.00003390362,0.000007921578,0.000008604499,0.00009896961,0.04847553,0.9264287,0.0005509821,0.0006028349,0.01671186],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006792519,0.00001584989,0.006818051,0.00002211567,0.00002607196,0.000003845531,0.00002229845,0.5191642,0.4642512,0.008679558,0.0001955058,0.0001220093],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968711,0.0001781844,0.001950028,0.0003199341,0.00003340944,0.0001035865,0.00005892248,0.00001156698,0.0004732448],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961755,0.0001386902,0.003431649,0.00005588095,0.0000130253,0.000008851845,0.0001298864,0.000006274089,0.00004023779],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4706887,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2926077,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362467910","doi":"10.3390/toxics11040335","title":"Sources, Fate, and Detection of Dust-Associated Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS): A Review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Government of Alberta","funders":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","keywords":"Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Bioaccumulation; Contamination; Chemistry; Ecology; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05413513618821805,"gpt":0.3280671633578759,"spread":0.2739320271696579,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001197916,0.0006248178,0.001971011,0.0001699333,0.0002530101,0.00006819583,0.000509896,0.0005020278,0.0004704776],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002849112,0.0005183976,0.00029427,0.001364832,0.0006305996,0.0002417337,0.0004675853,0.0007088854,0.0002134882],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002820272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007681944,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004352405,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001188802,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961722,0.0004283471,0.0009869016,0.0008573844,0.0008318962,0.0007232525],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981181,0.0003798942,0.0006158224,0.0005389011,0.0000289714,0.0003183243],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005922682,0.00003852552,0.0002341727,0.0136657,0.00009211017,0.00001313136,0.0001186819,3.843014e-7,0.00006372312,0.00000648224,0.0007999912,0.9849612],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002273357,0.0001626908,0.0004962725,0.01874029,0.0005108373,0.0000492129,0.00004561754,0.00004694679,0.00006553588,0.00005342428,0.9789565,0.0006453628],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.002473691,0.9946926,0.000007395138,0.00003507953,0.0001290785,0.001135843,0.0001818063,0.0001176951,0.001226773],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0004595383,0.9964358,0.00005098899,0.00005213319,0.00006128054,0.0001373655,0.00006202865,0.00009717391,0.002643759],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9843158,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997268,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3101874265","doi":"10.3390/toxics8040110","title":"Associations between Urinary, Dietary, and Water Fluoride Concentrations among Children in Mexico and Canada","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Fluoride Effects and Removal","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Simon Fraser University; York University","funders":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Health Canada; National Institutes of Health; York University; McMaster University","keywords":"Fluoride; Cohort; Demography; Medicine; Cohort study; Environmental health; Chemistry; Internal medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008244547186717377,"gpt":0.1950205907738996,"spread":0.1867760435871822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007227828,0.00007891901,0.0001135308,0.00000665895,0.0001063748,0.00002128443,0.00006035689,0.00003878807,0.0000826133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002198925,0.00006127585,0.0000105333,0.00005260637,0.00008172329,0.0001056844,0.0001066147,0.00010738,0.00000831486],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008208535,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000147138,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2151105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2475511,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993623,0.00002932252,0.0001209345,0.0001726261,0.0001335359,0.0001813207],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997473,0.00003765178,0.00002091098,0.00005735242,0.000001829365,0.0001349883],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001259087,0.000007412782,0.9968582,0.000001337098,0.000007779391,0.000007122873,0.0003487826,0.0001483625,0.00085785,0.00000863981,0.001256852,0.0004964299],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001814396,0.00004071186,0.9964562,0.000002491835,0.00001093466,0.000001595653,0.00001455858,0.000668596,0.002064316,0.00003960563,0.0004250486,0.00009446774],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959318,0.00002900494,0.00000999937,0.00306867,0.00003295734,0.0001527047,0.00005031434,0.00001179679,0.0007127416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993171,0.00001387347,0.0001055094,0.0003818793,0.00005682584,0.000001841795,0.00004571791,0.000006313582,0.00007093344],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03244058,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7901161,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4319318721","doi":"10.3390/toxics11020151","title":"Long and Short Duration Exposures to the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) Fluoxetine, Paroxetine and Sertraline at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations Lead to Adverse Effects on Zebrafish Behaviour and Reproduction","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Health Canada; National Research Council Canada","funders":"Health Canada","keywords":"Paroxetine; Fluoxetine; Sertraline; Serotonin reuptake inhibitor; Zebrafish; Adverse effect; Premenstrual dysphoric disorder; Juvenile; Population; Antidepressant; Pharmacology; Toxicology; Biology; Serotonin; Physiology; Psychology; Internal medicine; Medicine; Endocrinology; Psychiatry; Ecology; Anxiety; Environmental health; Hormone","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009422676093102404,"gpt":0.2699211206419353,"spread":0.2604984445488329,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004030269,0.0001473036,0.0001072234,0.00005615325,0.0002643902,0.00003133811,0.00007790193,0.0001050125,0.000003963792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005386432,0.0001233586,0.00002142145,0.0002320121,0.0001177755,0.000009777697,0.0001964787,0.0001245195,0.00001642983],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004455613,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002657251,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001580218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003243714,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986356,0.00008743811,0.0002090776,0.0005807144,0.0002343699,0.0002527768],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993079,0.00005530998,0.00003845194,0.0003255542,0.00004182237,0.0002309758],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000252591,0.00005466708,0.03292869,0.00001717591,0.0000256507,0.000005894291,0.0002640063,0.00004889341,0.950441,0.00001952382,0.009781273,0.006160617],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004577579,0.0007450571,0.3326533,0.0000206487,0.00002034622,0.0000163352,0.000122569,0.0000817902,0.6597485,0.000009613889,0.005977696,0.0001463484],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902537,0.00009248923,0.0001632431,0.007798098,0.00005101288,0.001539844,0.00003881711,0.00002971914,0.00003306807],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973118,0.0004130914,0.0003099708,0.0004240035,0.0002232547,0.0003952469,0.0002419555,0.00002128566,0.0006593334],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2997246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5030417,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4311051095","doi":"10.3390/toxics10120744","title":"Contemporary Comprehensive Review on Arsenic-Induced Male Reproductive Toxicity and Mechanisms of Phytonutrient Intervention","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Reproductive toxicity; Toxicity; Physiology; Biology; Sperm; Developmental toxicity; Male infertility; Infertility; Medicine; Toxicology; Pregnancy; Internal medicine; Andrology; Gestation","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.114822770233409,"gpt":0.3355034200316595,"spread":0.2206806497982505,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009986184,0.0004540553,0.001826931,0.00007657828,0.0001149746,0.00001153481,0.0003503403,0.0001793195,0.001991614],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002027739,0.0003864019,0.0005793545,0.0004567356,0.0001368112,0.0001267215,0.0006304046,0.0006027402,0.0001236461],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000259286,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005162232,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006023963,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003485325,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964453,0.0008043761,0.001001549,0.0009098795,0.0005858144,0.0002531044],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979178,0.0001972796,0.0008980278,0.0008370962,0.00001602061,0.0001337556],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003221295,0.0008330024,0.000002863585,0.02700667,0.0001672122,0.00004970207,0.00006797978,0.000001194867,0.0002282643,0.000489618,0.003795032,0.9673262],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002272937,0.0008147918,0.000012414,0.009882486,0.0002773332,0.00007602911,0.00003180063,0.00000219252,0.001111808,0.0005063669,0.9866647,0.0003928044],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005770128,0.9912307,0.00009066227,0.000046865,0.000346249,0.001941385,0.0001183392,0.00003376704,0.005614969],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001294722,0.9974481,0.0001716473,0.0003141703,0.0000466541,0.0001433236,0.00007531299,0.0000417114,0.0004643647],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9828696,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998588,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4317623150","doi":"10.3390/toxics11020096","title":"Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Metals in Diverse Biochar Products: Effect of Feedstock Type and Pyrolysis Temperature","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"King Saud University; Baylor University","keywords":"Biochar; Pyrolysis; Raw material; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; Hydrocarbon; Heavy metals; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006900952708325066,"gpt":0.2087883100630624,"spread":0.2018873573547374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001501392,0.0001276047,0.0002282947,0.0001603245,0.00001695874,0.00001225776,0.00007515633,0.00009036973,0.000004602683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002346971,0.0001095357,0.00001653166,0.0009305416,0.0000493572,0.00006534973,0.00005211733,0.00009121776,0.00001938887],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001294998,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006778326,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006891897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002328427,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994451,0.00002484404,0.000135535,0.0001534385,0.0000963105,0.0001447534],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996603,0.0001177059,0.00002299305,0.0001462687,0.000003055743,0.00004971765],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000155442,0.000005671567,0.0009274359,0.0002271703,0.00004400574,0.000005266783,0.0002074708,0.000004223233,0.9975348,0.000001853895,0.0002419977,0.0007846022],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003085124,0.00005857142,0.00105577,0.0000558809,0.0000488259,0.000003526198,0.00006583388,0.0003640956,0.9977946,0.00007562195,0.00004498681,0.0001237987],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977551,0.001745933,4.746164e-7,0.00008590897,0.00006783962,0.0001407758,0.000004486116,0.000152124,0.00004741667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995741,0.000265866,0.00003864528,0.000009604579,0.00001384107,0.000006935848,0.000009251096,0.00001889862,0.00006291129],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001819005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4466737,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386892873","doi":"10.3390/toxics11090792","title":"Microplastics Distribution within Western Arctic Seawater and Sea Ice","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Office of Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research; University of Texas Rio Grande Valley; Polarforskningssekretariatet; Heising-Simons Foundation; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Sea ice; Arctic; Microplastics; Oceanography; Arctic ice pack; Seawater; Environmental science; Archipelago; Marine ecosystem; Arctic sea ice decline; Water column; Arctic geoengineering; Geology; Ecosystem; Drift ice; Ecology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00979329299334099,"gpt":0.2080712998314247,"spread":0.1982780068380837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001712343,0.0001101802,0.00008639851,0.00001875173,0.0001272554,0.00004501224,0.0000761304,0.00006787213,0.0002131442],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007741597,0.00009787121,0.00001734194,0.0001973442,0.0001196158,0.0000745255,0.0001546524,0.0001089115,0.002239815],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008084119,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007763233,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009233932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001798371,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992025,0.00002478215,0.0001433751,0.000209895,0.0001649732,0.0002544915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996407,0.00008292992,0.00004278772,0.0001204896,0.000005998188,0.0001071101],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001267266,0.0001703616,0.7482871,0.0001727129,0.00005635069,0.000140149,0.002029253,0.01633658,0.1871582,0.001451731,0.03843232,0.005638504],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009836371,0.0002423756,0.8167163,0.0000857013,0.0001001201,0.0001576052,0.0001142927,0.09522504,0.01891836,0.002002617,0.06465471,0.0007992702],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918966,0.000006966092,0.00709247,0.0001736296,0.0002966998,0.00007892767,0.0001586297,0.00006949703,0.0002265948],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978038,0.00002865966,0.0002227779,0.00008641433,0.0000473976,0.000003008997,0.000114097,0.00001147564,0.001682361],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1682398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985371,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4221108052","doi":"10.3390/toxics10040156","title":"Hemispheric Cortical, Cerebellar and Caudate Atrophy Associated to Cognitive Impairment in Metropolitan Mexico City Young Adults Exposed to Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología","keywords":"Montreal Cognitive Assessment; Atrophy; Cerebellum; Medicine; White matter; Psychology; Cognitive impairment; Neuroscience; Cognition; Internal medicine; Pathology; Audiology; Gerontology; Magnetic resonance imaging","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01871862453648633,"gpt":0.2719840482032214,"spread":0.2532654236667351,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000573723,0.000175804,0.000241062,0.0000456029,0.0003618937,0.00002132463,0.000117383,0.00005885362,0.002524398],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001579649,0.0001831171,0.00003751012,0.0006300235,0.00007607464,0.0001070417,0.0004089882,0.0002555152,0.0002469954],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001841881,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002714227,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002155592,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002159277,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978489,0.0002923821,0.0003752719,0.0003987479,0.000447758,0.0006369496],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991602,0.0000621162,0.00009287158,0.0001730484,0.00001185077,0.0004998802],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00221217,0.001810416,0.9243657,0.00008128939,0.0000738362,0.000110746,0.01905362,0.01324896,0.009321598,0.00006399178,0.0273308,0.002326876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001214442,0.0009713701,0.9906067,0.00003212052,0.00002246761,0.000007157754,0.001829343,0.001881,0.002371704,0.000138399,0.0006257348,0.0002995099],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909336,0.00001669387,0.0003169303,0.007385655,0.00007894394,0.0007036437,0.0001425603,0.0000378313,0.0003841305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.985804,0.000004943018,0.0003965103,0.01342799,0.00001580994,0.00007205318,0.00002453637,0.00001768326,0.0002364669],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06624106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983875,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386485346","doi":"10.3390/toxics11090758","title":"Impact of Heated Tobacco Products, E-Cigarettes, and Combustible Cigarettes on Small Airways and Arterial Stiffness","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nicotine; Arterial stiffness; Medicine; Crossover study; Hemodynamics; Blood pressure; Anesthesia; Cardiology; Toxicology; Internal medicine; Pathology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03217013072786695,"gpt":0.302706394322976,"spread":0.270536263595109,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002072111,0.000233301,0.0004197841,0.0002410925,0.00008854269,0.00003370843,0.00009897126,0.0001114104,0.0001699541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003193703,0.0001967484,0.00006382458,0.0006014517,0.0002968738,0.00007530278,0.0001467038,0.0002594706,0.0000118297],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001551758,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003112224,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001215387,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007862978,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984134,0.0000578639,0.0002556666,0.000458873,0.0003700582,0.0004441031],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988653,0.0001466475,0.00006722668,0.0004383133,0.0001947591,0.0002877502],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.007927658,0.001614374,0.4494904,0.002299536,0.000891801,0.0009021485,0.001354431,0.0001666896,0.2389885,0.0007583073,0.03239048,0.2632156],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002360428,0.0005048055,0.9883317,0.0002069937,0.00006894558,0.00003399063,0.0001145296,0.0005941678,0.007255717,0.00008482517,0.0002568074,0.0001870934],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969444,0.0002904867,0.000001408417,0.001092033,0.0001309072,0.0006928708,0.0002325805,0.0001282837,0.0004869878],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986731,0.0001861483,0.00003173307,0.0000557462,0.0002457924,0.00001827389,0.000189005,0.00004532864,0.0005548704],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5388413,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8023167,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389335656","doi":"10.3390/toxics11120987","title":"Assessment of Biofilm Growth on Microplastics in Freshwaters Using a Passive Flow-Through System","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Environment Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Biofilm; Microplastics; Salmonella enterica; Environmental chemistry; Surface water; Microbiology; Chemistry; Biofouling; Salmonella; Biology; Environmental science; Bacteria; Environmental engineering; Biochemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01738399484792426,"gpt":0.2507256786871636,"spread":0.2333416838392394,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001563443,0.0001344801,0.0001761009,0.00008263693,0.00006255264,0.00001414942,0.0001285178,0.00008505913,0.0001170265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005037944,0.0001220879,0.0000388512,0.0004815998,0.00009030151,0.00005703078,0.0001149868,0.0001237008,0.0001936421],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004363273,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003094043,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003456419,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001162271,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988697,0.00004903617,0.0002802447,0.0002310561,0.0002721242,0.0002978305],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995447,0.000134283,0.0001057686,0.000153743,0.00000818182,0.00005334638],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003784783,0.0001600897,0.02719342,0.0001636892,0.00002665918,0.0001224788,0.0007213819,0.2948373,0.6701037,0.004013771,0.002218023,0.0004016301],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006742126,0.0001866234,0.05063915,0.0002602345,0.00002910925,0.00001389562,0.0003751168,0.9123144,0.03444379,0.0002227059,0.0005375704,0.0003031558],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9825508,0.000002493875,0.01459831,0.00002937451,0.0004325812,0.0001418182,0.0001948383,0.00003904907,0.002010763],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990616,0.00001382253,0.009228938,0.00003143535,0.0000276196,0.000003945051,0.000018621,0.0000150661,0.00004453578],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6356599,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49786,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4308443977","doi":"10.3390/toxics10110666","title":"Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration of the Central Nervous System from Air Pollutants: A Scoping Review","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Neuroinflammation; Neuroscience; Neurodegeneration; Medicine; Inflammation; Central nervous system; Biology; Disease; Pathology; Immunology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0804601371403713,"gpt":0.3324337710955276,"spread":0.2519736339551563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004237822,0.0001865385,0.0006783822,0.00001636035,0.0002167958,0.00001309621,0.0002514159,0.00008228239,0.0003648442],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001492964,0.0001333952,0.0001250113,0.0002614703,0.00006074916,0.0001068903,0.0002642472,0.0002447208,0.00001835578],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002527342,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001328687,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001820961,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001146395,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977396,0.0007137275,0.0006948959,0.000270605,0.0003649071,0.000216304],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987162,0.0001263363,0.0006658219,0.0003954155,0.000002519729,0.00009375587],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001282827,0.000009471399,0.000008660301,0.07791581,0.000005565621,0.00000207356,0.00009049189,0.00005113439,0.000002704144,0.00004904604,0.0003458564,0.9215179],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001181054,0.00007339018,0.0009490738,0.2378195,0.0005402116,0.00005837209,0.00002046707,0.000549008,0.000007850332,0.00001734787,0.7594816,0.0003650925],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001364678,0.9971815,0.00005488305,0.0003399346,0.0003088404,0.001588726,0.0001374304,0.00002604873,0.0002261402],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00005339156,0.9988725,0.00009429249,0.0008030185,0.00007177312,0.00002969274,0.00002482157,0.00002019299,0.00003032481],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9211528,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5439698,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413279423","doi":"10.3390/toxics13080681","title":"Mechanisms and Genetic Drivers of Resistance of Insect Pests to Insecticides and Approaches to Its Control","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Insect Pest Control Strategies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Pyrethroid; Biotechnology; Genetics; Ecology; Pesticide","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0965482470108014,"gpt":0.2500909038247255,"spread":0.1535426568139241,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001826275,0.0002755091,0.001117735,0.00005985691,0.0000659564,0.00003720614,0.0002650071,0.0002058576,0.00001185343],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002030175,0.0001193933,0.0001163919,0.0004400976,0.00006091115,0.00003918174,0.0001090252,0.0001184253,0.000001653873],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000241377,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000532964,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000050918,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001135331,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986379,0.0001533937,0.0004290763,0.0003797798,0.0001795924,0.0002202283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989761,0.0005417517,0.0002189551,0.00008767076,0.00006750299,0.0001080126],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009567674,0.00007270493,0.00003963068,0.01169505,0.0001730107,0.00001137294,0.0002918773,0.00001104484,0.01372265,0.008316086,0.00007943182,0.9654915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004188038,0.01358566,0.09683037,0.09339567,0.007849201,0.0001954477,0.00233131,0.0001190072,0.007204331,0.01941283,0.7462223,0.008665879],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.03281521,0.9644616,0.00005042896,0.0001606254,0.00007320266,0.001448037,0.0002747725,0.00002565285,0.0006905043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2436809,0.7549987,0.0008056122,0.00007713035,0.00005052592,0.00009094815,0.000008694238,0.000002934208,0.000284569],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9568256,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4868718,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3195175578","doi":"10.3390/toxics9080189","title":"Concentrations of Lead, Mercury, Selenium, and Manganese in Blood and Hand Grip Strength among Adults Living in the United States (NHANES 2011–2014)","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine","funders":"","keywords":"Selenium; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Grip strength; Mercury (programming language); Confounding; Manganese; Hand strength; Population; Medicine; Physiology; Chemistry; Internal medicine; Environmental health","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008649813225222628,"gpt":0.2183728660566322,"spread":0.2097230528314096,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003399921,0.00009398652,0.0001347884,0.00003485979,0.00005804978,0.0000360391,0.00008097223,0.00005900597,0.0001292224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009746407,0.00007317996,0.00001445125,0.0002340091,0.0002782413,0.0001631299,0.00007415118,0.0001384722,0.000006239914],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001127707,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001128028,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002837625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02402688,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990948,0.000182003,0.0002073778,0.0001878902,0.0001561858,0.0001717773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999492,0.0002672454,0.00004944727,0.0001360738,0.000009877364,0.00004535919],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001037364,0.0002583052,0.9676004,0.00003927705,0.000009937519,0.00003362261,0.01204039,0.000158223,0.01881324,0.00007995096,0.0001108567,0.0008453987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004493911,0.00008120616,0.954844,0.0000682769,0.00002044126,0.00001753547,0.003167357,0.001963201,0.03889928,0.0001280815,0.0002315556,0.0001296829],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990687,0.0003011738,0.000009078883,0.0001670383,0.00001886499,0.0001206258,0.00001854664,0.000005261677,0.0002906625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988979,0.0007694216,0.0001137703,0.00009037082,0.000009809914,0.000004366705,0.00001510588,0.00000522016,0.00009405339],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02118925,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9937821,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313391956","doi":"10.3390/toxics11010041","title":"Partitioning of Persistent Organic Pollutants between Adipose Tissue and Serum in Human Studies","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Ministerio de Asuntos Económicos y Transformación Digital, Gobierno de España; Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Adipose tissue; Biomonitoring; Pollutant; Environmental chemistry; Bioconcentration; Physiology; Chemistry; Biology; Endocrinology; Bioaccumulation; Ecology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07704368237604775,"gpt":0.4276098625573879,"spread":0.3505661801813402,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002530921,0.0001927576,0.0008018499,0.00004422231,0.000110631,0.000009368597,0.0001821249,0.00006065826,0.0009157549],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009672869,0.0001560899,0.0001306502,0.0002119368,0.0001390055,0.0000412837,0.0005009386,0.0002405446,0.00001443807],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001843984,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000997701,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003705428,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003424723,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988438,0.00009349807,0.0003762054,0.0002829543,0.0001875635,0.0002159884],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993809,0.0001831518,0.0001965958,0.0001828326,0.000002195762,0.00005427873],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[9.474219e-7,0.00007736363,0.00250148,0.005265601,0.0002382403,0.00003627087,0.0007194503,0.00001618229,0.0002499252,0.00001472958,0.0001517097,0.9907281],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003574026,0.0003924093,0.001140375,0.005282241,0.001354619,0.00003889853,0.00057808,0.000004921234,0.0004231317,0.0001356183,0.9895471,0.0007452366],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.05298829,0.9461526,1.074647e-7,0.0000150681,0.0000363376,0.0002617974,0.00007226747,0.00001361983,0.0004599149],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0289921,0.9705973,0.0000465656,0.000008474432,0.00003444888,0.00001672326,0.00001677652,0.00002428355,0.0002632902],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9899828,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999976,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391322738","doi":"10.3390/toxics12020107","title":"Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation as a Bioremediation Technique for Mining Waste","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Microbial Applications in Construction Materials","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Concordia University","keywords":"Bioremediation; Environmental remediation; Leachate; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Sorption; Carbonate; Precipitation; Calcium carbonate; Metalloid; Carbonate minerals; Metal; Environmental science; Contamination; Adsorption","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02145272626018083,"gpt":0.2877463032297531,"spread":0.2662935769695722,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003335385,0.0001085343,0.00009075228,0.00006588516,0.00008780215,0.0000854153,0.0001380711,0.0001141981,0.0004180137],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006461666,0.0001122169,0.00004132494,0.0002496661,0.00006061753,0.0001551258,0.00006822871,0.00005646543,0.0002716179],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002252502,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003977336,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004945472,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002616032,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991545,0.0000282329,0.0002467189,0.0002973736,0.0001116105,0.0001615744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996403,0.00006596364,0.00006589098,0.0001711258,0.00001568426,0.00004100581],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007837024,0.000008937086,0.00002551412,0.00002210622,0.000005414544,4.214837e-7,0.0003058037,0.00009849945,0.9918006,0.0006611588,0.001830271,0.005233409],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009724068,0.00004128128,0.00006636132,0.00002889546,0.00001716641,0.00001577026,0.00005298345,0.000731604,0.9819495,0.002497752,0.01435116,0.0001502867],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9572608,0.00001364314,0.03677189,0.0004811876,0.0008206526,0.001254176,0.00005711658,0.0001882111,0.003152307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.954707,0.000005087425,0.04393728,0.0001132106,0.0001897707,0.0004332812,0.00004549901,0.00002837681,0.0005404422],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01252089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4576957,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4318206487","doi":"10.3390/toxics11020121","title":"Poisoning Regulation, Research, Health, and the Environment: The Glyphosate-Based Herbicides Case in Canada","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université TÉLUQ; Carleton University; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Fonds de Recherche du Québec-Société et Culture; Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Pesticide; Glyphosate; Agriculture; Business; Agency (philosophy); Environmental protection; Environmental planning; Biotechnology; Geography; Biology; Ecology; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1104097999738329,"gpt":0.3400048008129186,"spread":0.2295950008390857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002164979,0.0003538026,0.0008142951,0.00005597387,0.0009917984,0.00005471836,0.0004354015,0.00009989463,0.0006506813],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001808107,0.0001999041,0.0001033161,0.000504196,0.001145893,0.00005952433,0.0006820487,0.000792371,0.0002380975],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00274773,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003575135,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8918959,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9143552,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963733,0.0009911781,0.0006835232,0.0005230394,0.0007473332,0.0006816536],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968989,0.002108948,0.0002608872,0.0005696944,0.000002091032,0.0001594252],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003796302,0.00005721689,0.001798059,0.002577034,0.0001287252,0.001186712,0.001907344,0.003365647,0.000001159397,0.0004905651,0.01347069,0.9749789],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005185281,0.00004822772,0.001441579,0.001877249,0.00008640363,0.0001893919,0.001452016,0.0005934156,0.000001133782,0.001044868,0.9923429,0.000404296],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0009023532,0.99534,0.000007732997,0.001567936,0.00006241386,0.001337082,0.00003153184,0.0000180268,0.0007329504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.003910903,0.9944729,0.00006035376,0.000566332,0.00004630656,0.0002904025,0.0000231624,0.00006067199,0.0005689918],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9788722,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8151854,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2886428071","doi":"10.3390/toxics7030042","title":"Health Impact Assessment of Sulfolane on Embryonic Development of Zebrafish (Danio rerio)","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","keywords":"Sulfolane; Biology; Yolk sac; Hatching; Embryo; Larva; Danio; Yolk; Teratology; Zoology; Zebrafish; Toxicology; Animal science; Fetus; Ecology; Fishery; Pregnancy; Biochemistry; Solvent","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01495324816584469,"gpt":0.3617372680452607,"spread":0.346784019879416,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004597883,0.0001047985,0.0002137011,0.00005758318,0.00003058106,0.000005657623,0.0002564064,0.00009246824,0.0001054401],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007482638,0.00009007726,0.00008775741,0.0001502955,0.00006452986,0.000001993436,0.0001195947,0.0001107519,0.00002266694],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000828043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001231067,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001878144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003676422,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987962,0.00004951916,0.0003047611,0.0002330332,0.0003528564,0.0002636613],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990894,0.00002700519,0.0001654034,0.0004688387,0.00008600662,0.0001633076],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005718234,0.0003740962,0.005509179,0.0001230405,0.0001187125,2.821706e-7,0.00005820883,0.00002707153,0.9768193,0.0005445519,0.004687296,0.01168103],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001437785,0.003179942,0.3661327,0.0001186457,0.000007939921,0.000005041038,0.00009288998,0.0002055498,0.5734854,0.00009706264,0.0549359,0.0003011387],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958141,0.0001179969,0.001100665,0.000491513,0.00003669969,0.0003480098,0.00004652414,0.000006608471,0.002037895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953295,0.00007528804,0.003772683,0.0001557009,0.00003106967,0.00001638748,0.0002182784,0.00001520108,0.0003858836],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4033339,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3673244,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3136337433","doi":"10.3390/toxics9030058","title":"Deriving Soil Quality Criteria of Chromium Based on Species Sensitivity Distribution Methodology","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Chromium effects and bioremediation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Percentile; Chromium; Environmental chemistry; Hexavalent chromium; Soil quality; Environmental science; Soil water; Food chain; Chemistry; Toxicity; Mathematics; Soil science; Ecology; Biology; Statistics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0608307096396854,"gpt":0.3221449565924911,"spread":0.2613142469528057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00112336,0.00008258183,0.0001677336,0.000008880993,0.00005646158,0.00001254903,0.00004164041,0.00007128259,0.000894607],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007331853,0.00007566476,0.00005800245,0.000139571,0.000121745,0.00005709429,0.00007024168,0.00007121421,0.00002801587],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001546398,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002031722,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001362369,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000438776,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986468,0.0006348647,0.0001684849,0.0002031908,0.0002056785,0.000140964],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991133,0.0005362717,0.00009082392,0.0002040841,0.0000145687,0.00004096787],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002378391,0.00009499526,0.008791884,0.000022183,0.000002997008,0.000008331524,0.00007128961,0.0009412097,0.9873523,0.000110927,0.000534797,0.00204527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001517983,0.00004085568,0.4080395,0.00000798061,0.000006956962,0.000001836177,0.00002787972,0.00957437,0.5816278,0.00007090779,0.0003773419,0.00007268334],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9655967,0.000005629034,0.03253839,0.000428752,0.0002077263,0.00005726528,0.00007850412,0.00001921149,0.001067832],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970513,0.000004249038,0.002486568,0.0001934239,0.0000725236,0.000001554027,0.0001149939,0.000004651867,0.00007074878],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4057245,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9795319,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205167581","doi":"10.3390/toxics10010022","title":"Behavioral Effects of Buspirone in Juvenile Zebrafish of Two Different Genetic Backgrounds","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto Mississauga; University of Toronto","keywords":"Buspirone; Zebrafish; Anxiolytic; Thigmotaxis; Pharmacology; Juvenile; Biology; Drug; Endocrinology; Receptor; Genetics; Gene; Agonist","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01301849042268447,"gpt":0.3033463012899247,"spread":0.2903278108672402,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001152842,0.00009279438,0.0001767781,0.00007556021,0.00003593304,0.000003706064,0.0003229605,0.00005384195,0.0001212068],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005550094,0.00009593085,0.00006795892,0.0002177818,0.0001435877,0.000001472421,0.00039909,0.0001424257,0.00000183558],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000385089,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008260935,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000084857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000769772,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988785,0.00009197478,0.0002698236,0.0002190427,0.0003206028,0.0002200923],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999384,0.00003315054,0.00008697097,0.0003728953,0.00003380554,0.00008914817],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003334027,0.0007446131,0.004846661,0.0000551809,0.00001267824,0.000004471646,0.0000393313,0.0000321418,0.9886461,0.0001120379,0.0008074325,0.004666031],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001801505,0.001530766,0.05493634,0.00001418539,0.00002113082,0.000006016574,0.00006733956,0.0001372539,0.9347911,0.0004075682,0.006114836,0.0001719738],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985251,0.0003297954,0.0005067496,0.00008979828,0.00005082281,0.0002859961,0.00005362108,0.00000460678,0.0001535225],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989188,0.00004443519,0.0004664504,0.00006109871,0.00003626699,0.0001750115,0.0001076076,0.00001660929,0.0001736999],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.053855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3911946,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394953671","doi":"10.3390/toxics12040302","title":"Reproductive and Developmental Effects of Sex-Specific Chronic Exposure to Dietary Arsenic in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Arsenic; Biology; Zebrafish; Developmental toxicity; Offspring; Toxicity; Arsenic toxicity; Danio; Hatching; Fecundity; Physiology; Reproductive toxicity; Sodium arsenite; Endocrinology; Toxicology; Internal medicine; Fetus; Pregnancy; Animal science; Chemistry; Medicine; Population; Biochemistry; Genetics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008737987650674585,"gpt":0.2159524266843623,"spread":0.2072144390336877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002804132,0.0001874029,0.000243971,0.00008498404,0.00007415885,0.00001594273,0.0001633988,0.0001529155,0.0008475883],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003565469,0.0001886006,0.00003910828,0.0003582069,0.0003227473,0.0001799634,0.0003745701,0.0002566763,0.0004087202],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005273805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001800836,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001390533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002546231,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984711,0.00008200942,0.0002810598,0.0006716331,0.0001505828,0.0003436515],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994896,0.0001416398,0.0000321955,0.0002351996,0.000001113143,0.0001002376],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005954382,0.0002342039,0.02760186,0.0001233742,0.00003954769,0.0002253695,0.004100095,0.0004742496,0.9264657,0.00008880201,0.003623082,0.03696414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008055737,0.001825963,0.4662895,0.0001599195,0.00002244989,0.00017614,0.0007027542,0.0001356042,0.4922916,0.001033943,0.03593532,0.0006212357],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939951,0.001390898,0.00002362412,0.0002627712,0.00035774,0.0004741422,0.000005908088,0.00004171915,0.00344811],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996464,0.0003052293,0.00127899,0.0002065858,0.00006994664,0.00005778516,0.000004708644,0.00002362438,0.001589198],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4386876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9280497,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4324060335","doi":"10.3390/toxics11030261","title":"Isolation and Identification of Mercury-Tolerant Bacteria LBA119 from Molybdenum-Lead Mining Soils and Their Removal of Hg2+","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Chromium effects and bioremediation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research Project; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Mercury (programming language); 16S ribosomal RNA; Bacteria; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Gram; Soil contamination; Strain (injury); Bioremediation; Contamination; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0116234481385654,"gpt":0.2225590592524358,"spread":0.2109356111138704,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002567232,0.0000642116,0.0001075745,0.00002832342,0.00003410902,0.00001385409,0.00004687038,0.00005016981,0.00005008413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003463647,0.00005344269,0.00001639842,0.000132817,0.00008224948,0.000124846,0.00005919753,0.0000278138,0.0000106558],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000184524,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003975869,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001439908,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005600246,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994338,0.00003202337,0.0001983038,0.0001481805,0.0001114272,0.00007629121],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996413,0.00008120989,0.0001362011,0.0001099032,0.000006016809,0.00002535238],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001301789,0.00001078141,0.006850281,0.00001358232,0.000004796438,6.804881e-7,0.001701414,0.00003619179,0.9705946,0.000007651814,0.00004878768,0.02071826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002568401,0.00004510529,0.5835406,0.00002376183,0.00001370583,0.000003011766,0.0003366881,0.04993245,0.3654051,0.0002890437,0.00007095702,0.0000828005],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992144,0.00004506708,0.0003514213,0.0000879245,0.0000825778,0.00009789954,0.00003880464,0.00001523763,0.00006667485],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993402,0.00007824226,0.0004413789,0.000009985022,0.00002949931,0.000001853632,0.00004479897,0.000005843735,0.00004821122],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6051895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.217933,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385654848","doi":"10.3390/toxics11080682","title":"Drosophila as a Robust Model System for Assessing Autophagy: A Review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Autophagy in Disease and Therapy","field":"Medicine","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institute of Population and Public Health; University of Ottawa","funders":"US-UK Fulbright Commission","keywords":"Autophagy; Drosophila melanogaster; Biology; Model organism; Drosophila (subgenus); Cell biology; Organism; Mechanism (biology); Yeast; Genetic screen; Senescence; Programmed cell death; Computational biology; Cellular stress response; ATG8; Fight-or-flight response; Genetics; Phenotype; Apoptosis; Gene","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2033994764000824,"gpt":0.4459670133350339,"spread":0.2425675369349515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006389671,0.000629403,0.003399646,0.0001922234,0.0001494194,0.00006546015,0.0003182531,0.0005051274,0.00004080739],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002281358,0.0004895733,0.00149528,0.0005319078,0.00004773195,0.00008991139,0.00008204638,0.0004620343,0.0005437324],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004011338,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001831559,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002115286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.092616e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972565,0.0001008344,0.001050412,0.0006513309,0.0004470611,0.0004939071],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977949,0.0002273683,0.0005601529,0.000966948,0.0001391899,0.0003113914],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000103471,0.00008793764,3.203261e-8,0.6236333,0.0006032137,0.0002482595,0.0000145595,0.00001458507,9.048476e-7,0.002608414,0.005645082,0.3671334],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004534169,0.00006734255,1.345709e-7,0.3615251,0.00623587,0.0002661562,0.000008492331,0.003203978,0.000002718428,0.000262648,0.6275667,0.0004074693],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000001720512,0.9909352,0.001126211,0.0001132696,0.0003902146,0.004063318,0.000185564,0.0006707771,0.00251374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000002730735,0.989186,0.001300519,0.0008397535,0.0007502101,0.001247514,0.0005345592,0.0003028973,0.005835745],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6219216,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997556,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3010255249","doi":"10.3390/toxics8010016","title":"New Insights into the Toxicokinetics of 3,4-Dichloroaniline in Early Life Stages of Zebrafish (Danio rerio)","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Global Institute for Water Security; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Danio; Zebrafish; Toxicokinetics; Embryo; Toxicity; Toxicology; Biology; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Acute toxicity; Pharmacology; Chemistry; Fishery; Biochemistry; Pharmacokinetics; Gene","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01260200295965236,"gpt":0.2176794131292569,"spread":0.2050774101696045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001833413,0.0001800128,0.0003409425,0.00003721295,0.0000634113,0.000007431482,0.00054655,0.000202141,0.002092449],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001916491,0.0001448241,0.00007116197,0.0004799318,0.0005083036,0.0001374041,0.0004509151,0.0003066428,0.0001177264],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006851543,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003039878,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001948229,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008200514,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998491,0.0001167186,0.0005377036,0.0003164916,0.0002736367,0.0002644865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991084,0.0001400861,0.0002148177,0.000330644,0.000003964037,0.0002020844],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002679804,0.0004328736,0.2551181,0.00004931315,0.0000503167,0.00002331748,0.0200476,0.006773729,0.7054604,0.000775824,0.006519052,0.004481548],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001700523,0.001885005,0.5612586,0.00002516897,0.00004440377,0.000003273948,0.000933561,0.0009691612,0.4126184,0.002107772,0.01804014,0.0004140394],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936882,0.0002181829,0.0002080221,0.001914793,0.00008849556,0.00027817,0.000004290905,0.00001874548,0.003581078],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958583,0.0001862176,0.001601701,0.001857331,0.00006325721,0.000007029418,0.000003364114,0.00001948588,0.0004033177],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3061404,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988198,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898273716","doi":"10.3390/toxics6040064","title":"Pressurized Solvent Extraction with Ethyl Acetate and Liquid Chromatography—Tandem Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Selected Conazole Fungicides in Matcha","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Chromatography; Extraction (chemistry); Mass spectrometry; Ethyl acetate; Tandem mass spectrometry; Matrix (chemical analysis); Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry; Solid phase extraction; Solvent; Electrospray; Electrospray ionization; Analyte; Sample preparation; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01506086571112172,"gpt":0.2496329997420982,"spread":0.2345721340309765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003341501,0.0000997044,0.000287964,0.0000587955,0.0001188546,0.00002896034,0.0001106801,0.00006055257,0.0001246659],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003644793,0.0000331675,0.0001025256,0.001664647,0.0001046824,0.00006209339,0.00001791003,0.00006504735,5.536203e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000962894,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008691121,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001933315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004238578,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992021,0.00005105772,0.0002183836,0.0001881199,0.0001537076,0.0001866162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991981,0.0004254101,0.000148111,0.00006158523,0.0001273339,0.00003950045],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003945916,0.00007140122,0.0384417,0.000008531139,0.0007900116,0.000001358187,0.0001092715,0.000124733,0.9569669,0.000133636,0.00002497972,0.002932918],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002559589,0.0005720978,0.9315941,0.00001479104,0.0008060507,0.000001850067,0.000229301,0.005023525,0.06085728,0.0001496183,0.0003738578,0.0001215912],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978479,0.0007078944,0.0007749626,0.0003535244,0.00001023195,0.0001742633,0.00002949772,0.000016123,0.00008561983],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989227,0.0005274313,0.0003977851,0.00003583468,0.00004888692,0.0000133105,0.00002579834,9.259579e-7,0.00002733724],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8961096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2365226,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401596288","doi":"10.3390/toxics12080592","title":"An Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Estimation Programs","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"University of Pittsburgh","keywords":"Coronene; Pyrene; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Anthracene; Fluoranthene; Bioconcentration; Dibenzothiophene; Chrysene; Daphnia magna; Toxicity; Organic chemistry; Bioaccumulation","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05367443166261567,"gpt":0.4005199082693396,"spread":0.346845476606724,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003659129,0.0003976281,0.0009073838,0.0001098867,0.00005130192,0.00005511183,0.0004733792,0.000251177,0.0001056303],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003123764,0.0003115457,0.0002331962,0.0007045899,0.0001588168,0.0002058773,0.0001444992,0.0003397358,0.0002209459],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008584223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001948989,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003924572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001631572,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978562,0.0001412344,0.000684284,0.0004233589,0.0005306875,0.0003642449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998673,0.0000364714,0.000403183,0.0007042325,1.352759e-7,0.0001830244],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[1.937078e-7,0.0001040472,0.000006137401,0.0005471391,0.00004949279,0.000009343518,0.00005374229,0.000007884316,0.0001138097,0.000003860169,0.00001123381,0.9990931],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007540541,0.002027666,0.001225357,0.06032852,0.01992532,0.001767768,0.0001678317,0.5704764,0.0001995355,0.008906756,0.3285738,0.005646998],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001551039,0.9917453,0.00254257,0.00001382906,0.0004929851,0.001400655,0.0001182578,0.0002589826,0.001876411],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05971047,0.9061198,0.03359314,0.00001768265,0.000104913,0.00002647686,0.00003435199,0.0001985546,0.0001946252],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9934461,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999337,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4280561104","doi":"10.3390/toxics10050254","title":"Lanthanides Release and Partitioning in Municipal Wastewater Effluents","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Lanthanide; Effluent; Environmental science; Wastewater; Environmental chemistry; Sewage treatment; Lutetium; Chemistry; Waste management; Environmental engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01127931490287624,"gpt":0.19859443003153,"spread":0.1873151151286538,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001305757,0.00004165186,0.00005571716,0.00002487085,0.0001495356,0.00001584372,0.00005927039,0.000009632273,0.004977321],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006484907,0.00003858613,0.0000142219,0.00009920416,0.00001754602,0.00005019923,0.0000252635,0.00007825944,0.00002611664],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000002924633,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004099865,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001658381,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001608199,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995614,0.00003300062,0.00008225213,0.00009824744,0.00009843073,0.0001266937],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998645,0.00001652865,0.00001714149,0.0000586093,0.000002028584,0.00004116903],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000221177,0.00001764928,0.9839901,0.000009405954,0.000007541984,0.00003345801,0.0004423706,0.01250208,0.0005597306,0.000007002435,0.0000908094,0.002317744],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001202835,0.0002850587,0.8621296,0.00002947751,0.00005656255,0.00009097042,0.008929606,0.09578092,0.01456232,0.0027494,0.01363073,0.0005524973],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977906,0.0001354542,2.971413e-7,0.0001146235,0.00002629623,0.00002210025,0.00004030213,0.000007612987,0.001862704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993324,0.00001451699,0.00004445028,0.0001136533,0.00001309167,0.000001334609,0.0001294513,7.813184e-7,0.0003503443],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1218605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9959323,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4304187148","doi":"10.3390/toxics10100591","title":"Cadmium: A Focus on the Brown Crab (Cancer pagurus) Industry and Potential Human Health Risks","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Directorate for Biological Sciences; Ocean Frontier Institute; European Maritime and Fisheries Fund; South Australian Research and Development Institute; Dalhousie University; University of Limerick; Canadian Food Inspection Agency; Bord Iascaigh Mhara","keywords":"Cadmium; Human health; Cancer; Fishery; Biology; Environmental health; Chemistry; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1566261688077049,"gpt":0.3865638673207484,"spread":0.2299376985130435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009764905,0.0003975297,0.0008586351,0.00004583669,0.0007396711,0.00006524219,0.0005068178,0.0004233692,0.0108886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004769731,0.0002620856,0.0002476982,0.0003366046,0.0002194949,0.0000663366,0.0005288661,0.002156999,0.0001821205],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004813419,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001496355,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002696213,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004070798,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971812,0.0006344939,0.0005183053,0.0005812157,0.0006021229,0.00048263],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986805,0.0001337631,0.0003723038,0.0005591693,0.000002390509,0.0002518344],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002675672,0.00008398674,0.0000490224,0.0003589132,0.00004408422,0.00001857153,0.00007533409,0.00001077058,0.000002213839,0.0002527218,0.004914666,0.9941871],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008750525,0.0001858986,0.0003965496,0.0003550065,0.000111569,0.00002603443,0.00001824687,0.00000401939,0.000005605667,0.0003469988,0.9981698,0.0002927541],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.003105726,0.9846521,0.000007295184,0.001106528,0.0003869645,0.001128317,0.0002138053,0.00006096591,0.009338322],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004060852,0.9928867,0.00001721693,0.001177963,0.0002596533,0.0001821622,0.00001823855,0.00005336749,0.001343867],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9938943,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999831,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205437329","doi":"10.3390/toxics10010026","title":"Dioxin-like Activity in Pregnant Women and Indices of Fetal Growth: The ACCEPT Birth Cohort","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Fetal growth; Cohort; Obstetrics; Fetus; Pregnancy; Medicine; Biology; Internal medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008032564434517254,"gpt":0.2159060936559805,"spread":0.2078735292214632,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005907834,0.0001116509,0.0001591319,0.00003825949,0.0001370965,0.00001185117,0.0003652994,0.00003202054,0.002728652],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005240683,0.00008306045,0.00002237599,0.0003800002,0.0002509378,0.0001906919,0.000708895,0.0002383504,0.00001353334],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003509532,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002739653,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001769641,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001629737,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987542,0.000132988,0.0001515216,0.0002245352,0.0004202978,0.0003164399],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994704,0.00008296273,0.0001098362,0.0002555853,5.037483e-7,0.00008070972],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001007227,0.0003950567,0.7632862,0.00001218885,0.00004298305,0.0000277951,0.01038272,0.00009721421,0.091326,0.00002207127,0.000215785,0.1340912],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002775258,0.0001521639,0.990541,0.00000323372,0.000004763544,0.00002094883,0.0005434239,0.0002010334,0.007095576,0.0003081443,0.0007358022,0.0001163893],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979244,0.00005806207,0.000008990997,0.0002115976,0.00009514629,0.0002397984,0.0001639296,0.0000188168,0.00127921],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992651,0.0000467154,0.00003150849,0.000126743,0.00001021469,0.00001891874,2.674598e-7,0.00001359856,0.000486928],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2272548,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998183,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4383722146","doi":"10.3390/toxics11070599","title":"More Effective Mobilization of Hg2+ from Human Serum Albumin Compared to Cd2+ by L-Cysteine at Near-Physiological Conditions","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Cysteine; Mobilization; Chemistry; Albumin; Human albumin; Biochemistry; Environmental chemistry; Biophysics; Chromatography; Biology; Enzyme; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01848905467669922,"gpt":0.2927156580630482,"spread":0.274226603386349,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001531823,0.0001323559,0.000241078,0.00002117979,0.0001950295,0.00001155609,0.0001686086,0.0000923336,0.001486218],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006811729,0.0001170446,0.0000642973,0.0004322855,0.0002116507,0.00008200782,0.0002527887,0.00008455907,0.001252611],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000115592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004683968,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003761281,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002304776,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988494,0.000112204,0.0002440386,0.000308473,0.0002575964,0.0002283132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999414,0.0001107157,0.00006968616,0.000255005,0.00001015576,0.0001404806],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001659326,0.0001233647,0.01542965,0.000006329232,0.00001558594,0.000003757127,0.0005740565,0.003807265,0.9650308,0.00002389959,0.01467896,0.0002897587],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003706641,0.0003220449,0.805474,0.00001426123,0.00001797428,6.248206e-7,0.0001049387,0.002581869,0.1884367,0.000541145,0.00195273,0.0001829667],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978318,0.000007465076,0.0001229459,0.0001570745,0.00006177938,0.0004440947,0.0005871049,0.00009096778,0.0006968249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983593,0.000002116699,0.0001446326,0.0002429858,0.00002631949,0.00004650584,0.0003801153,0.00001244624,0.000785564],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7900444,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999525,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4318472666","doi":"10.3390/toxics11020133","title":"Associations with Blood Lead and Urinary Cadmium Concentrations in Relation to Mortality in the US Population: A Causal Survival Analysis with G-Computation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"BC Children's Hospital; Child and Family Research Institute; Simon Fraser University","funders":"Philippe Foundation","keywords":"Medicine; Population; Cause of death; Percentile; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Mortality rate; Logistic regression; Urinary system; Internal medicine; Demography; Disease; Environmental health","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02732723234386943,"gpt":0.2858735181083885,"spread":0.258546285764519,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006238077,0.0000822061,0.000137648,0.00009092178,0.0001144936,0.000034778,0.00005821802,0.00004664213,0.00001717541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004641915,0.00006039874,0.0000180285,0.002307044,0.00003910465,0.0002002409,0.00002435924,0.0001141024,0.0000153953],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008391985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001617313,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003610536,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05522501,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989029,0.0001808103,0.0002036448,0.0002089518,0.0003382157,0.0001654739],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996557,0.0001058925,0.00006177094,0.0001229405,0.000008288139,0.00004535741],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008144911,0.0000761222,0.9132406,0.000001283608,0.0000281637,0.00001735133,0.001140655,0.08514335,0.0001055549,0.0001488013,0.000006436521,0.00008351005],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002411091,0.0001089275,0.9892475,0.000003508736,0.00009990393,0.000002575568,0.0001480646,0.009868208,0.00002896231,0.0001560311,0.000009101098,0.0000861062],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973624,0.000002956595,0.000997202,0.0005180618,0.00001633338,0.0002693559,0.0000197197,0.00002545607,0.000788565],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999341,0.000002685116,0.0003604536,0.00009348444,0.00001419382,0.00002033848,0.0001127024,0.000005058847,0.00005004966],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07600688,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9620147,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896128983","doi":"10.3390/toxics6040061","title":"Sub-Micromolar Methylmercury Exposure Promotes Premature Differentiation of Murine Embryonic Neural Precursor at the Expense of Their Proliferation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Mercury impact and mitigation studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ottawa Hospital; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Methylmercury; Neurotoxicity; Fetus; Embryonic stem cell; Chemistry; Neural development; Teratology; Toxicity; Brain development; Cell growth; Precursor cell; Embryogenesis; Cellular differentiation; Viability assay; Cell biology; Embryo; Endocrinology; Cell; Biology; Neuroscience; Pregnancy; Biochemistry; Environmental chemistry; Genetics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01588162002099668,"gpt":0.2464212813474262,"spread":0.2305396613264295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002661537,0.0001447814,0.0001889368,0.00002240394,0.0001569112,0.00001250267,0.0001566228,0.00007193806,0.0005045579],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009136873,0.00008826557,0.00006984673,0.0001605842,0.0003263063,0.0001768366,0.0001619748,0.00008935827,0.00003490461],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004440879,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001003362,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001059412,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001558738,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989799,0.0001335963,0.0002749881,0.0001777779,0.0002628978,0.0001708698],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992747,0.0000751585,0.0002653804,0.0003001407,0.00004437155,0.00004023546],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006594975,0.00009411151,0.02691657,0.00003974835,0.00003549832,2.01617e-7,0.008460341,0.00002095882,0.9601191,0.00002790505,0.001582807,0.002636854],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000207418,0.000249321,0.111,0.00001954395,0.00002888811,0.000005372904,0.0002016032,0.0003340065,0.887472,0.0001363186,0.0002551357,0.00009028916],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981617,0.0003183445,0.00007223277,0.000298029,0.0001306819,0.0005030681,0.00003193678,0.00002006928,0.0004639016],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990755,0.00004082733,0.0001174756,0.00005677632,0.0000650152,0.00002338365,0.00002044108,0.00001211998,0.0005884365],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08408348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5524555,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4360614217","doi":"10.3390/toxics11040294","title":"Structural Characterization of Toxicologically Relevant Cd2+-L-Cysteine Complexes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; University of Calgary","funders":"Basic Energy Sciences; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Office of Science; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Chemistry; Cysteine; High-performance liquid chromatography; Absorption (acoustics); Elution; Tris; Chromatography; Human health; Atomic absorption spectroscopy; Biochemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02726703111396521,"gpt":0.2543579288815073,"spread":0.2270908977675421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002436916,0.0001011999,0.0001775746,0.00002971478,0.00007249359,0.00001103448,0.0001749249,0.00007425538,0.001189676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008132289,0.00008066696,0.00005156505,0.0004032367,0.0001292296,0.0001256478,0.0001597946,0.00008136787,0.0006208624],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003569098,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006903932,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002377739,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002674838,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989846,0.00005980997,0.000270826,0.0001896353,0.0002740345,0.0002210301],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995856,0.00004415895,0.00009586744,0.0001906405,0.0000084863,0.000075289],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001358216,0.00002030082,0.009250309,0.00001017659,0.000005179544,0.000006595217,0.0001270029,0.0001253684,0.985431,0.0003212741,0.0001409119,0.00454826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002221749,0.0002887657,0.8234593,0.000009214396,0.000009178317,0.000006034676,0.00001837431,0.00331245,0.1676539,0.001021735,0.003834473,0.0001643292],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967829,0.000002869345,0.0001264211,0.0002608578,0.000131706,0.0001472119,0.00003148618,0.0001027832,0.002413769],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998235,0.00001615386,0.0003022971,0.0001662585,0.00004313704,0.000004905603,0.00005415373,0.00000920907,0.001168872],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8177771,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997234,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399972350","doi":"10.3390/toxics12070450","title":"Adsorption Behavior and Mechanisms of Trihalomethanes onto Virgin and Weathered Polyvinyl Chloride Microplastics","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Microplastics; Adsorption; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Polyvinyl chloride; Physisorption; Wastewater; Dispersant; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science; Dispersion (optics)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00801585933539122,"gpt":0.2141488855839348,"spread":0.2061330262485435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001524372,0.000121001,0.0001288813,0.00005310337,0.00003926915,0.00003792408,0.00005435141,0.00008552348,0.0003868456],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003175393,0.0001091031,0.0000247252,0.0001191559,0.0001196371,0.00007467476,0.00007747953,0.00008872791,0.00004843195],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004449364,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001057567,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001541249,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001226878,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992829,0.00001851482,0.000170457,0.0002218276,0.0001465659,0.000159767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996848,0.00009642656,0.00003936443,0.00009236272,0.000003916432,0.00008319636],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003396007,0.00003780892,0.0006216019,0.0000402476,0.00000984359,0.000009202932,0.0002339741,0.00002365065,0.989244,0.004798262,0.0001342066,0.004813285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001217255,0.0008526191,0.05045687,0.0002700895,0.0004561665,0.0003762895,0.0003300405,0.03262488,0.8939813,0.01063923,0.007964054,0.0008312048],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9712193,0.0003321916,0.02750375,0.0000307551,0.0002991604,0.0001293578,0.0001224821,0.00003114854,0.0003318462],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972352,0.0001552446,0.001949761,0.00001815628,0.000030856,0.000006363437,0.00000682943,0.00001437324,0.0005832604],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09526265,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4449096,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2731691212","doi":"10.3390/toxics5030014","title":"Characterization of Aerosols of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Following Three Generation Methods Using an Optimized Aerosolization System Designed for Experimental Inhalation Studies","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec; Université de Montréal","funders":"Institut pour la Recherche en Santé Publique; Université de Montréal","keywords":"Aerosolization; Nebulizer; Inhalation exposure; Inhalation; Aerosol; Agglomerate; Titanium dioxide; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Nozzle; Jet (fluid); Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy; Composite material","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.177332985068859,"gpt":0.406163544244853,"spread":0.228830559175994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000888873,0.000119008,0.0003166471,0.00003745956,0.0004430982,0.00008808085,0.0001801287,0.0000611836,0.000005171219],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001622412,0.0001119298,0.00007133036,0.00006401794,0.00008007758,0.0006773963,0.00004989628,0.0000149024,0.00000102467],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000721753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003282181,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001824309,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009106623,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988282,0.0001082955,0.0005176727,0.0002286076,0.0001679186,0.0001492627],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986283,0.00007113592,0.0006635632,0.000408919,0.0001881217,0.00003998169],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003636173,0.00009260163,0.0001540739,0.00005336729,0.00001693418,9.436776e-8,0.0003737633,0.0009325501,0.9965161,0.001577514,4.666793e-7,0.0002461481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004202397,0.00007259276,0.0003526264,0.00007184919,0.00008544878,6.878573e-7,0.0003105056,0.05734736,0.9411896,0.00004392047,5.650363e-7,0.0001045696],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6594017,0.00004378714,0.3399146,0.00001128105,0.000151188,0.0004311056,0.00001689849,0.00002637215,0.000003112224],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8034613,0.000004530866,0.1963272,0.00000337086,0.00006897293,0.00009948188,0.00001526787,0.0000168772,0.000002968627],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1440596,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4564365,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392189047","doi":"10.3390/toxics12030180","title":"Nicotine, Humectants, and Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines (TSNAs) in IQOS Heated Tobacco Products (HTPs): A Cross-Country Study","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","field":"Medicine","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences; National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Chemistry; Nicotine; Menthol; Food science; Carcinogen; Toxicology; Biology; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02902530425084597,"gpt":0.3280009215463903,"spread":0.2989756172955443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003998009,0.0002320722,0.0003173495,0.0002446625,0.00008057903,0.0002180326,0.00008958554,0.0001385652,0.0001080659],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001037087,0.0002019006,0.00003314268,0.00090973,0.00007779121,0.000219008,0.00005549875,0.0003738221,0.0000177268],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001423414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001049543,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001052802,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000878932,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983065,0.00003879821,0.00038747,0.0005581946,0.000393797,0.0003152938],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993112,0.00005239389,0.00004116398,0.0003944776,0.0001183891,0.00008234429],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001495012,0.0005614465,0.9570954,0.00009612255,0.00003130034,0.000153885,0.001141087,0.000002244114,0.02981303,0.0001116807,0.0008749235,0.009969327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001768976,0.0004143498,0.9760796,0.0002278546,0.00009294332,0.00009552504,0.0008466292,0.00004714373,0.0171577,0.00003330034,0.00298036,0.0002556345],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960479,0.001391711,0.000006093022,0.000262214,0.0007031977,0.0008573955,0.00002181586,0.0002375492,0.0004721406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982225,0.0001406422,0.00004178281,0.00008649983,0.0004094423,0.00005237371,0.00007152657,0.00004834134,0.0009268437],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01898413,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8233266,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3086751824","doi":"10.3390/toxics8030073","title":"Water-Pipe Smoking Exposure Deregulates a Set of Genes Associated with Human Head and Neck Cancer Development and Prognosis","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Head and Neck Cancer Studies","field":"Medicine","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Qatar University","keywords":"Head and neck cancer; Head and neck; Cancer; Gene; Medicine; Head (geology); Biology; Internal medicine; Surgery; Genetics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0563634971322803,"gpt":0.2976220485472836,"spread":0.2412585514150033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000619396,0.0001173257,0.0003185512,0.00002212018,0.0001028706,0.000009576152,0.00002353707,0.00005066573,0.00001580951],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001403338,0.00007606553,0.00001318969,0.00007657721,0.00006520274,0.00002916794,0.00004870831,0.00006847102,2.182087e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003013205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005327013,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004603086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000404116,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993305,0.00001278479,0.0001662011,0.0001737516,0.0001429432,0.0001738103],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997301,0.00001482021,0.00004463366,0.00004832591,0.00006623996,0.00009587082],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000083689,0.00003875517,0.9433267,0.0003566226,0.0003387795,0.00001529184,0.01630285,0.000001664416,0.02439485,0.000005726344,0.0001302269,0.01500486],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002243624,0.0009949658,0.6396185,0.0008095503,0.0001611747,0.000005665683,0.0006700038,0.0000372313,0.3522817,0.000007655098,0.002983098,0.0001867959],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948627,0.00301809,0.000003056041,0.001778402,0.0000127558,0.000191828,0.000008750044,0.00003457391,0.00008978392],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990177,0.0002159869,0.0002958973,0.0003077824,0.00004649346,0.00003000591,0.00001313272,0.0000151433,0.00005786549],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3278869,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3101862,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2438124056","doi":"10.3390/toxics4020011","title":"UNMIX Methods Applied to Characterize Sources of Volatile Organic Compounds in Toronto, Ontario","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Health Canada; Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01750568282629658,"gpt":0.2447873107632448,"spread":0.2272816279369482,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002256415,0.0001075864,0.0002076765,0.000003351603,0.00003239096,0.00001345741,0.0002001019,0.00006659804,0.01670304],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002043716,0.00007508273,0.00002884053,0.00009573159,0.00004072488,0.00009728049,0.00001930945,0.00005775829,0.00006215499],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004049777,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007494591,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02301109,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1899816,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992476,0.00002644302,0.000222211,0.0001826679,0.0001157778,0.0002053391],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994867,0.0001472975,0.00007148794,0.0001806193,0.00001239875,0.0001014565],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001264514,0.00004175758,0.3087234,0.0000210742,0.00001840366,0.000003547039,0.002281589,0.00002913369,0.608656,0.00003365168,0.000196572,0.07986844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000555489,0.000124303,0.7866656,0.00004975569,0.00001038983,0.000006516494,0.0003747272,0.00007526058,0.1950685,0.000226319,0.0165161,0.0003270009],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9768355,0.00004755195,0.001265304,0.00007052247,0.00009286855,0.00008912159,0.00002280291,0.00001953289,0.02155678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9845764,0.000007394745,0.01301567,0.0001069898,0.00005566602,0.000001061568,0.00001259724,0.000003312667,0.002220912],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4779423,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9841958,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4304187719","doi":"10.3390/toxics10100595","title":"Lead Exposure in Infancy and Subsequent Growth in Beninese Children","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec","funders":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Fondation de France; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","keywords":"Quartile; Medicine; Underweight; Wasting; Confounding; Standard score; Cohort; Pediatrics; Anthropometry; Body mass index; Cohort study; Demography; Overweight; Confidence interval; Internal medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009597585874142963,"gpt":0.2215886292753661,"spread":0.2119910434012232,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004236693,0.000103584,0.0001402557,0.00005738884,0.00007146411,0.00001092151,0.0001599585,0.00003955835,0.0007471952],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003984929,0.0001038142,0.00002327929,0.0003988335,0.00006369267,0.0001416336,0.0003372319,0.0002707029,0.00003811699],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001068112,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001085152,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001203691,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001302547,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989335,0.000110473,0.0002091275,0.0002513614,0.0002512216,0.0002443199],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997391,0.00002410762,0.00003369307,0.000138735,0.000001461924,0.00006287569],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001292824,0.0001069508,0.994062,0.000002433655,0.000001748426,0.00002668284,0.0006467187,0.0002757255,0.00189388,0.0001515942,0.00008546171,0.002733897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004350356,0.0001053035,0.9964852,0.000002623992,0.000001819151,0.00001885205,0.00005081751,0.00009790519,0.001367859,0.0009369863,0.0003639595,0.0001336273],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960132,0.0001565425,0.000007155218,0.0002564209,0.00004968117,0.0001832224,0.00001088904,0.00001650057,0.003306403],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991763,0.00003341979,0.0001754735,0.0003163088,0.00001672985,0.00003107445,0.000007388493,0.000009709181,0.0002335547],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003163156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8181263,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405800233","doi":"10.3390/toxics13010006","title":"Global Assessment of Emerging Contaminant Removal in Wastewater Treatment Plants: In Silico Hazard Screening and Risk Evaluation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"ARC Resources (Canada)","funders":"Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca","keywords":"Bioaccumulation; Hazardous waste; Quantitative structure–activity relationship; Environmental science; Environmental impact of pharmaceuticals and personal care products; Environmental chemistry; Bioconcentration; Hazard analysis; Risk assessment; Wastewater; Aquatic environment; Hazard; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry; Computer science; Environmental engineering; Biology; Ecology; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03381573491650469,"gpt":0.3492475843839855,"spread":0.3154318494674808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004807093,0.0001135423,0.0001408029,0.00003194277,0.00002417031,0.00001877203,0.00005045979,0.00004061486,0.0002236311],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001228636,0.00008721843,0.00002636678,0.0001250353,0.00008519585,0.0001507614,0.0000884338,0.00007401058,0.00001277176],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004906437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001047851,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005951363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007065086,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989583,0.00009242717,0.0002276477,0.0002379676,0.0002707256,0.0002129675],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997731,0.00003726887,0.00003349313,0.00008551679,7.191516e-7,0.00006989795],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002284573,0.0001808414,0.8087991,0.00001829162,0.00001811954,0.000102531,0.0004343986,0.007690522,0.02168472,0.00003413657,0.00001649612,0.160998],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007418316,0.0001228363,0.7144414,0.0001226916,0.00003174864,0.00002248444,0.0002180864,0.2764048,0.007102455,0.0001786738,0.0005053392,0.0001076013],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970418,0.0003150698,0.0001242018,0.0001393984,0.00005869337,0.0002194732,0.00003190492,0.000009543261,0.002059909],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982828,0.0004653894,0.001154464,0.00002319244,0.000009618736,0.000003447659,0.000007404992,0.000005692458,0.00004795128],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2687143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3556665,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976065557","doi":"10.3390/toxics2020291","title":"Using Statistical and Probabilistic Methods to Evaluate Health Risk Assessment: A Case Study","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Water Quality and Pollution Assessment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Environmental science; Risk assessment; Health risk assessment; Water quality; Exposure assessment; Pollutant; Environmental health; Human health; Computer science; Risk analysis (engineering); Reliability engineering; Engineering; Business; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1323604731615145,"gpt":0.4975003524725654,"spread":0.3651398793110509,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004566695,0.0001198251,0.0001917995,0.00002506351,0.0002939352,0.00006238811,0.00007576287,0.0000268627,0.0003464785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001884894,0.0001036136,0.00001495059,0.0001352667,0.00008543605,0.00007595706,0.0001931357,0.0001403294,0.00004172534],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002752616,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000341563,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003916969,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008367492,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967549,0.002113872,0.0002827184,0.0003257874,0.0002607687,0.0002619227],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999127,0.0002364508,0.00009192787,0.0002497702,0.000007270864,0.0002875951],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000830335,0.003049293,0.1755779,0.0001798587,0.0001289293,0.0003175669,0.03919083,0.06372289,0.001759778,0.01056988,0.001642368,0.7037777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002203041,0.003388889,0.2514482,0.00003081154,0.0002242014,0.0007028161,0.003992138,0.7097818,0.00008612209,0.01888999,0.008392056,0.0008599648],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5770057,0.000002838412,0.4218428,0.0002652558,0.00006032961,0.0004495918,0.00002090712,0.00002085183,0.0003317832],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6888613,0.000001084185,0.3106545,0.0004054527,0.00001664249,0.00001384659,0.000001131368,0.000007226105,0.00003883236],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7029178,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5921311,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3127790658","doi":"10.3390/toxics9020027","title":"Assessment of In Vitro Bioaccessibility and In Vivo Oral Bioavailability as Complementary Tools to Better Understand the Effect of Cooking on Methylmercury, Arsenic, and Selenium in Tuna","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Mercury impact and mitigation studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Université de Montréal; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Bioavailability; Methylmercury; Chemistry; In vivo; Selenium; Food science; Arsenic; Tuna; Ingestion; Meal; Ex vivo; Gadus; Bioaccumulation; Environmental chemistry; In vitro; Biochemistry; Pharmacology; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Biotechnology; Biology; Fishery","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03480310603250503,"gpt":0.3372435441488213,"spread":0.3024404381163163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001212427,0.0001123269,0.0002931684,0.0000473393,0.00003178368,0.00001538886,0.00007398493,0.00003373548,0.0002079325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001084359,0.00008222324,0.00002228985,0.0003144222,0.0002296461,0.0001114313,0.000219232,0.0001214629,8.443404e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001628673,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001600408,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009119222,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003935363,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986857,0.0003528855,0.0003332747,0.0002522806,0.0002117796,0.0001641198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991965,0.0005066265,0.00005947545,0.0001895877,0.000005774135,0.00004203731],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000874116,0.00006339434,0.8077514,0.00003947258,0.000007824842,0.000002346151,0.0008271536,0.00005371535,0.1870917,0.00001172306,0.0000309379,0.004032953],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000592853,0.0001287632,0.7071199,0.00002725333,0.000007500011,8.022993e-7,0.0009166073,0.0001430374,0.2907906,0.0001669094,0.00003734739,0.00006842452],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981792,0.00005312351,0.00002228752,0.000562874,0.00002549931,0.0003817922,0.00004249856,0.000002636338,0.0007300817],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992842,0.00002847352,0.0003713189,0.0002900492,0.000002926537,0.000009124769,0.000003135653,0.000003935831,0.000006809282],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1036989,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3352966,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200135634","doi":"10.3390/toxics9120348","title":"Manganese-Induced Neurotoxicity through Impairment of Cross-Talk Pathways in Human Neuroblastoma Cell Line SH-SY5Y Differentiated with Retinoic Acid","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Toxics","topic":"Trace Elements in Health","field":"Nursing","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo","keywords":"SH-SY5Y; Neurotoxicity; Neuroblastoma; Cell culture; Retinoic acid; Viability assay; Cytotoxicity; Cell biology; Cell; Biology; Biochemistry; Toxicity; Chemistry; In vitro; Genetics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03894544176732812,"gpt":0.3193666787142662,"spread":0.2804212369469381,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002666085,0.000402571,0.0005568903,0.0001291607,0.000202306,0.00007627821,0.0003624775,0.0002059135,0.0001894172],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008059286,0.0003901213,0.0001111433,0.000694545,0.0001265746,0.0002330282,0.0001826232,0.0007415023,0.00001100674],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002175887,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001070605,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001456941,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007189515,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965928,0.0003764241,0.0009031046,0.0007221606,0.0006335839,0.0007719886],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982484,0.0001075104,0.0004201734,0.0008895019,0.0001841899,0.0001502001],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005033724,0.00204023,0.02931315,0.0005805245,0.00001820769,0.0003426104,0.001965111,0.000246263,0.9644819,0.00007793112,0.00005833519,0.0003722922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002456285,0.002005678,0.1634024,0.0001692331,0.00002728042,0.0000340724,0.000162835,0.0002625909,0.8309684,0.0001580438,0.00006007807,0.0002931823],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973161,0.00006570789,0.00006375194,0.000302682,0.0005483072,0.0008824309,0.00006515442,0.0001811096,0.0005748232],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983053,0.000008955567,0.0008303327,0.0004337686,0.0001119311,0.00004130616,0.00006368663,0.0001045592,0.0001001411],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1340892,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999855,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}