{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":571,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":571,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"0786b22b38fc","filters":{"venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal"}},"results":[{"id":"W2039981008","doi":"10.1353/tlj.2007.0014","title":"Proportionality in Canadian and German Constitutional Jurisprudence","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":222,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Jurisprudence; Proportionality (law); German; Political science; Law; Constitutional court; Constitutional law; Philosophy; Constitution; Linguistics","authors":[{"name":"Dieter Grimm","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0136201582477239,"gpt":0.2739484023916838,"spread":0.2603282441439599,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00409101,0.0005900906,0.0004957653,0.003577804,0.01677979,0.0107823,0.001908242,0.004414001,0.005571964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008601036,0.0004380239,0.0004353161,0.004675545,0.02277567,0.002728342,0.002981602,0.004924246,0.0003865687],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.1684818,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.1003674,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9813341,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9839808,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9919487,0.001106241,0.0002065825,0.001049048,0.0031714,0.002517874],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973846,0.0007582803,0.00009561057,0.0001416826,0.001151794,0.0004680457],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007529062,0.000004511826,0.0001690383,0.00001768781,0.000003312856,0.00004391402,0.003048945,0.0001583626,0.00006488988,0.9807992,0.01126958,0.00441291],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004100498,0.00001552057,0.008405839,0.000338881,0.00003620209,0.0001495207,0.00590871,0.001130604,0.0003621372,0.1973288,0.7861211,0.0001617239],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05204508,0.04223282,0.004247187,0.0835989,0.001538254,0.0001054321,0.000625021,0.0001308888,0.8154764],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8855869,0.01015095,0.00359931,0.0170802,0.0003346513,0.00007251685,0.000227622,0.00007685091,0.08287111],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8315182,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9644433,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3124226099","doi":"10.2307/3650880","title":"Venture-Capital Exits in Canada and the United States","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Private Equity and Venture Capital","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":207,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Venture capital; Capital (architecture); Business; Political science; Finance; Geography; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Douglas J. Cumming","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey G. MacIntosh","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006414240146212012,"gpt":0.1579246202338254,"spread":0.1515103800876134,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007001538,0.0002388936,0.0005009424,0.002392557,0.004269047,0.003130321,0.0008809579,0.0005823564,0.003705827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003648013,0.0001951677,0.00033232,0.00391906,0.001260051,0.0006127885,0.001647881,0.001011038,0.0001826215],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0515147,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.04922302,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9974476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9988739,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985847,0.00005740462,0.00003541038,0.0001229525,0.0003757447,0.0008238339],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9954833,0.0004471869,0.0008216747,0.00008622585,0.001734944,0.001426717],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006997499,0.0001397455,0.8608981,0.0001681597,0.0001018622,0.001950103,0.009283185,0.004194673,0.0004679047,0.03253658,0.0298609,0.05969901],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004284732,0.00004647601,0.9476651,0.0001635338,0.00004811168,0.0002089621,0.01690882,0.003808538,0.0004055575,0.001021319,0.02960483,0.00007593338],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9740559,0.0008459366,0.0002092592,0.001421219,0.00002601526,0.00003782781,0.003898985,0.00003081219,0.01947405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900277,0.000405535,0.00009141146,0.0001139497,0.000005326446,0.000004911582,0.001393543,0.000006993119,0.007950621],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0515147,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3737671,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4251762122","doi":"10.3138/utlj.61.1.001","title":"EMPIRE AND INTERNATIONAL LAW: THE REAL SPANISH CONTRIBUTION","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Seventeenth-Century Political and Philosophical Thought","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":196,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Empire; International law; Political science; Articulation (sociology); Law; Humanism; Natural law; Politics; Vocabulary; Sociology; Philosophy; Linguistics","authors":[{"name":"Martti Koskenniemi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04463799458015297,"gpt":0.2191546377784748,"spread":0.1745166431983218,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003225164,0.0003675279,0.0004808295,0.001426088,0.004148757,0.01245157,0.0006265496,0.002399139,0.005985015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005021321,0.0002590743,0.0002907496,0.001781783,0.01454574,0.004639359,0.003841567,0.00487049,0.0004935288],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01727839,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00885378,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05330203,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04078896,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981729,0.0006307589,0.00004582248,0.000174626,0.0004689972,0.00050694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982501,0.0007419364,0.0001361577,0.0001847973,0.0004547385,0.0002322985],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001427224,0.00002361426,0.0006483032,0.00004161609,0.000006572401,0.00008385447,0.004409681,0.0001510412,0.00004287698,0.9714137,0.0113593,0.01180524],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003363539,0.0000142256,0.004065125,0.0003685678,0.00001216715,0.00008981807,0.005602486,0.0002780173,0.0000810301,0.1711379,0.8183007,0.00001622951],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.03304023,0.0424014,0.001009435,0.0775983,0.001159336,0.00001050091,0.0000643302,0.0000329197,0.8446835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8601885,0.0230488,0.0007225798,0.01103002,0.002089226,0.00002915851,0.00008426881,0.00009990157,0.1027076],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05330203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1253641,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2767613032","doi":"10.3138/utlj.2017-0052","title":"How artificial intelligence will affect the practice of law","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":164,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Practice of law; Transparency (behavior); Economic Justice; Work (physics); Legal profession; Affect (linguistics); Public relations; Law; Software; Computer science; Knowledge management; Business; Political science; Sociology; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Benjamin Alarie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anthony Niblett","is_ca":false},{"name":"Albert Yoon","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04278348900904203,"gpt":0.321486638661484,"spread":0.2787031496524419,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01451111,0.0005248995,0.0005101071,0.001662453,0.008657804,0.01595208,0.00127863,0.008618664,0.007658479],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01962851,0.0004771818,0.0005179002,0.001240258,0.0645557,0.01364416,0.00406228,0.006843807,0.001585697],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02378616,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01836549,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08189308,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05517722,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9874178,0.007021187,0.0002310154,0.001293343,0.002431579,0.001605045],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9869831,0.006524222,0.0006906182,0.001807296,0.002198856,0.001795819],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001132702,0.00003077251,0.0008629799,0.00004419027,0.00001411372,0.00008814684,0.003818502,0.0006431015,0.00009071572,0.9725094,0.01355351,0.008333221],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002200023,0.00002252346,0.001162304,0.0002140017,0.00001246,0.00006464058,0.002898971,0.0006438875,0.0001905072,0.7212259,0.2735157,0.00002714317],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01992446,0.02289184,0.01381738,0.5202686,0.002631633,0.00008359303,0.0001589846,0.0001322186,0.4200913],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8688064,0.0188088,0.01258674,0.05038806,0.002662986,0.0001305055,0.0000872576,0.0001426125,0.04638659],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08189308,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1725815,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3121924561","doi":"10.3138/utlj.58.3.275","title":"EXCLUSION AND EXCLUSIVITY IN PROPERTY LAW","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Legal principles and applications","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":149,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Bundle of rights; Law and economics; Property rights; Property (philosophy); Setter; Position (finance); Property law; Business; Tangible property; Law; Boundary (topology); Real property; Political science; Sociology; Right to property; Fundamental rights; Human rights","authors":[{"name":"Larissa Katz","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02304513168927904,"gpt":0.2465368943110173,"spread":0.2234917626217383,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007528612,0.0004899622,0.0009888422,0.001763403,0.006965177,0.007608313,0.001921146,0.004779242,0.006825047],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01144957,0.0005532583,0.001047318,0.001430846,0.04984551,0.01710983,0.009191674,0.006793055,0.0008920773],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00587066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004559359,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006329408,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002944116,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9892505,0.004805311,0.0004239296,0.001605428,0.002787614,0.001127165],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9928575,0.004233445,0.0006927507,0.00105563,0.0007326364,0.0004280582],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000230099,0.000002777319,0.00005549888,0.000004891297,9.337376e-7,0.00001273056,0.0003142332,0.00008119969,0.0000270464,0.9987753,0.000145981,0.0005771422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000120138,0.00001069956,0.0001408664,0.00003908718,0.000003455007,0.00004672086,0.0002305966,0.0007005556,0.00008383209,0.9856777,0.01304736,0.000007075529],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07946876,0.005088535,0.2687724,0.02786374,0.0003896282,0.000133452,0.0001138948,0.000170549,0.617999],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9632902,0.001051793,0.01006856,0.002130837,0.0004003306,0.0002882385,0.0000618981,0.00007910623,0.02262911],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007608313,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04259479,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993791420","doi":"10.2307/825930","title":"Redressing Historic Injustice","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"American Environmental and Regional History","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":146,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Injustice; Political science; Law and economics; Law; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Jeremy Waldron","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008626619001954255,"gpt":0.158160228567172,"spread":0.1495336095652177,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004292547,0.0003260178,0.0003499421,0.0009787529,0.01027834,0.005583628,0.00142596,0.007526682,0.005263053],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01259326,0.000312735,0.0002250972,0.0007058494,0.01591923,0.005896086,0.006210388,0.008522868,0.001066513],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00532624,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009314562,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07014974,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1446308,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970277,0.0008832723,0.0001027516,0.0002766308,0.0009041376,0.0008055243],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961854,0.001278595,0.0004748397,0.0004291424,0.0008076965,0.0008245204],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002306752,0.00006492457,0.002252779,0.0001427477,0.00001608834,0.0004930755,0.03213312,0.0002791132,0.0004623556,0.5486257,0.3614361,0.05407093],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002277679,0.0000409813,0.004098019,0.0005329823,0.00003156477,0.0003241628,0.02185737,0.0001816597,0.0007094719,0.08086238,0.8912978,0.0000407774],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02729326,0.03458563,0.004661649,0.4969418,0.004007509,0.00006731872,0.00006085516,0.0001955456,0.4321864],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6440278,0.02173434,0.002347024,0.1502893,0.002340797,0.0001122343,0.00006902611,0.0001827891,0.1788967],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07014974,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1394829,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1994274195","doi":"10.3138/utlj.59.3.341","title":"PATH DEPENDENCE, DEVELOPMENT, AND THE DYNAMICS OF INSTITUTIONAL REFORM","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"International Development and Aid","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":103,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Path dependence; Perspective (graphical); Dysfunctional family; Property rights; Path (computing); Development (topology); Law and economics; Political science; Property (philosophy); Dynamics (music); Institutional change; Economic system; Sociology; Positive economics; Political economy; Economics; Neoclassical economics; Law; Public administration; Epistemology; Psychology; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Mariana Mota Prado","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael J. Trebilcock","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007872377906210547,"gpt":0.2171389737213944,"spread":0.2092665958151838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00499275,0.0002180093,0.0003658552,0.002059208,0.002524532,0.004174217,0.0008507148,0.001564632,0.006484072],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01095359,0.0002820454,0.0004321783,0.002295126,0.02219438,0.008624272,0.004953243,0.002569263,0.0003100853],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01016414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004972179,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006428191,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004226804,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997521,0.001271535,0.00006106638,0.0003312419,0.0003695742,0.000445563],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9938927,0.002963176,0.001166595,0.0006529495,0.0007582723,0.0005664306],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008542258,0.000008658718,0.001039308,0.0000120131,0.00000266365,0.00003003808,0.0009444834,0.001244409,0.00008432812,0.9920784,0.0002435698,0.004303643],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001640063,0.00002114816,0.002690268,0.00003829999,0.000005634012,0.00005386607,0.001506101,0.003579882,0.0002007245,0.9750046,0.01687247,0.00001059822],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.452013,0.004838175,0.1428491,0.04983487,0.0001004897,0.000240466,0.0002523332,0.0002000423,0.3496715],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9907482,0.0006886828,0.00418794,0.0002878467,0.00001665906,0.00005178813,0.00002231551,0.00001654819,0.003979979],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01016414,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07374638,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2626596183","doi":"10.3138/utlj.2017-0044","title":"Law as computation in the era of artificial legal intelligence: Speaking law to the power of statistics","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":95,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Law; Argumentation theory; Artificial intelligence; Empirical legal studies; Legal realism; Legal research; Philosophy of law; Legal profession; Computer science; Practice of law; Political science; Comparative law; Epistemology; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Mireille Hildebrandt","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03252342726147227,"gpt":0.3224076401534819,"spread":0.2898842128920096,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008412202,0.0003417364,0.0006723618,0.00198119,0.004527617,0.01179275,0.001099955,0.004806526,0.002676738],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02104573,0.0004830221,0.0004776384,0.002587884,0.05690033,0.0207303,0.003313885,0.007348258,0.0006395348],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008020707,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005896372,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01218753,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01078905,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954021,0.002565682,0.0001479954,0.0003888228,0.001166273,0.0003291087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9817865,0.01486048,0.0007144354,0.001274765,0.0008029707,0.0005608609],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002729467,0.000002177263,0.00006003809,0.00001079962,0.000001321292,0.00001114681,0.0005335768,0.0002192873,0.00001692169,0.9936754,0.002802233,0.002664385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002024709,0.000002719391,0.00007237383,0.0000326558,0.000001235064,0.00001016191,0.00019715,0.0005923324,0.00003077026,0.9778201,0.02123325,0.00000522925],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01773682,0.07269556,0.1286954,0.6004749,0.003291724,0.00003116488,0.0001789403,0.00028454,0.1766109],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8569708,0.04190252,0.03888383,0.03052102,0.009043235,0.0001168867,0.0001225703,0.0002999447,0.02213916],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01218753,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05819464,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2030102691","doi":"10.3138/utlj.52.3.253","title":"Dealing with the Legacy of Native Residential School Abuse in Canada: Litigation, ADR, and Restorative Justice","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Multicultural Socio-Legal Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Restorative justice; Economic Justice; Alternative dispute resolution; Dispute resolution; Tort; Law; Political science; Government (linguistics); Work (physics); Sociology; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Jennifer Llewellyn","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01702648649084273,"gpt":0.2311818217262822,"spread":0.2141553352354395,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003457758,0.0003537895,0.0004759419,0.00238327,0.0540337,0.01340632,0.003423321,0.004716616,0.005026761],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01079006,0.0004908305,0.0005051921,0.004702589,0.01806372,0.003957583,0.007509546,0.006860067,0.0002494339],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.170845,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.2845052,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9943519,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9983504,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9931213,0.0008426645,0.000217225,0.0005016053,0.002126941,0.003190158],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953882,0.00117348,0.0005894417,0.0001453212,0.001421535,0.001281938],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005784698,0.0002204278,0.04769889,0.0003349694,0.00007071228,0.006753836,0.2089522,0.001338362,0.0006852921,0.5701107,0.04586612,0.1179106],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004719019,0.00009495806,0.07993902,0.001256624,0.0001787912,0.003381573,0.509914,0.00272225,0.001048874,0.05835555,0.3427652,0.0002958839],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5006869,0.02381113,0.004621715,0.1737588,0.000620742,0.0002242769,0.0002349427,0.00008478329,0.2959568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9660719,0.008549899,0.001609367,0.007752081,0.00008910128,0.00003520912,0.00004704142,0.00001926542,0.01582603],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.170845,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9617023,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4255801062","doi":"10.3138/utlj.59.1.65","title":"THE IMPOSSIBILITY OF AN EXTERMINATORY LEGALITY: LAW AND THE HOLOCAUST","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Principle of legality; Law; Nazism; The Holocaust; Political science; Judaism; Impossibility; Sociology; Philosophy; Politics; Theology","authors":[{"name":"Kristen Rundle","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01150232003121091,"gpt":0.2558543895657031,"spread":0.2443520695344922,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002411863,0.0001520931,0.000238997,0.0009726314,0.01030506,0.009118496,0.0007799025,0.002360551,0.001133241],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003701604,0.0002573026,0.0001375326,0.000751836,0.09362506,0.004334925,0.002854333,0.003132889,0.0001162811],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02321815,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01383814,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2060446,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.277725,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985514,0.0007023994,0.00003743346,0.0001048684,0.0002575954,0.0003462645],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978928,0.001107513,0.0002882482,0.0001598047,0.0002482484,0.0003034591],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001026401,0.000007588078,0.00091593,0.00001461137,0.000001984131,0.0002515022,0.07095198,0.00006806559,0.0001557085,0.9230484,0.001279083,0.00329486],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004844166,0.00005910653,0.0146625,0.0003608177,0.00002534065,0.0007067763,0.1919544,0.0006849312,0.0008458807,0.6110049,0.1795945,0.0000524425],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5790433,0.0162623,0.003325137,0.09101899,0.0002028354,0.00001841315,0.00003256385,0.00004635258,0.3100501],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994949,0.001101037,0.0001436572,0.0005535005,0.00002566809,0.00000258902,0.000002553438,0.000004084774,0.003217964],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2060446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4096906,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4234787365","doi":"10.3138/utlj.62.3.293","title":"On Non-domination","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Political Philosophy and Ethics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Spell; Power (physics); Economic Justice; Sociology; Epistemology; Law and economics; Michel foucault; Philosophy; Law; Political science; Politics; Anthropology","authors":[{"name":"Ян Шапиро","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02709649239832811,"gpt":0.2836578703277456,"spread":0.2565613779294175,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009071508,0.0005889817,0.0006022138,0.001225097,0.006402204,0.006683312,0.001466702,0.002682897,0.004121055],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008030349,0.0001826424,0.0006769452,0.001032508,0.05169659,0.009803025,0.006552161,0.006247201,0.0006666118],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006647741,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003729019,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004013582,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003015328,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9921833,0.004051968,0.0001754896,0.000956392,0.001605599,0.001027268],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9937757,0.003510795,0.0004156692,0.0008399881,0.001077114,0.0003806484],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001106211,0.000001441611,0.0000352183,0.000005061435,8.966784e-7,0.00001461855,0.0008419391,0.00002406604,0.000017314,0.998117,0.0003702727,0.000571172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003643822,0.00000614247,0.0001060927,0.00004393237,0.000002398833,0.0000408321,0.0007946052,0.0001430207,0.00009282353,0.9674221,0.03134038,0.000003996623],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03518863,0.008814922,0.04570381,0.06249252,0.0009276933,0.00006220547,0.00003567635,0.00004621017,0.8467283],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9434977,0.002561953,0.00272478,0.007673474,0.0006693121,0.0001115061,0.00002028068,0.00007653226,0.0426644],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009071508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04823291,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2784182983","doi":"10.3138/utlj.2017-0057","title":"Don’t be so hateful: The insufficiency of anti-discrimination and hate crime laws in improving trans well-being","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy","field":"Psychology","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Hate crime; Harassment; Emancipation; Law; Identity (music); Political science; Criminology; Racism; Sociology; Politics; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Florence Ashley","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01511921194683337,"gpt":0.2775900421903866,"spread":0.2624708302435533,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003949935,0.0001647855,0.0002270758,0.000388531,0.008128652,0.005367124,0.0005980466,0.003595932,0.003342456],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006297835,0.0001792683,0.0002180665,0.0003474515,0.02393576,0.003335857,0.003842998,0.006151735,0.0004264919],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005011173,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005644274,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05074521,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08955649,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971059,0.001493768,0.00007144461,0.0001483823,0.0004447527,0.0007357341],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952756,0.001894946,0.0006906861,0.0002886359,0.0004808569,0.001369315],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009877829,0.0002632945,0.02348173,0.0001662459,0.00002680716,0.0009836457,0.1436933,0.0001416984,0.001707139,0.6704473,0.05527825,0.1037117],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004563152,0.0003809084,0.0712574,0.001351761,0.0001025888,0.002058244,0.4232762,0.0009147701,0.003838954,0.1676714,0.3290015,0.000100707],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2785026,0.006386618,0.001916693,0.5838633,0.0008311323,0.00001864908,0.00001859934,0.00002774394,0.1284346],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.958324,0.001776784,0.0004084683,0.03094174,0.0001033504,0.0000091638,0.000004873629,0.00001432775,0.008417345],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05074521,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1008997,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982885878","doi":"10.3138/utlj.60.4.909","title":"INVESTING IN DEMOCRACY? POLITICAL PROCESS AND INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT LAW","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"International Arbitration and Investment Law","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Scrutiny; Doctrine; Democracy; Politics; Law and economics; Foreign direct investment; Political science; Economics; Jurisprudence; Political economy; Law","authors":[{"name":"David Schneiderman","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01147922101413508,"gpt":0.2221517628138832,"spread":0.2106725417997481,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006734676,0.0001550088,0.0002977503,0.0006544627,0.003304573,0.01088156,0.0006663968,0.005717826,0.002992742],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01005667,0.0001757509,0.0003355016,0.000909043,0.02460448,0.006432032,0.002807489,0.006068254,0.0003346852],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006309807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004433927,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007151525,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005719312,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954312,0.002175386,0.0001181049,0.0005167203,0.000824341,0.0009342665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9959757,0.002301745,0.0005446096,0.0004448078,0.0003733033,0.0003598558],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001798069,0.000002244878,0.00007628395,0.000003204068,5.443299e-7,0.000009890935,0.0003271962,0.00004855608,0.0000173939,0.9978105,0.0007379922,0.0009644662],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001036524,0.00001131291,0.0004666999,0.00005131552,0.000004099238,0.00003302432,0.0006334352,0.0005501906,0.0001348115,0.9498292,0.04826836,0.000007180876],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06191478,0.01200203,0.02175815,0.2824425,0.0007485316,0.0000544406,0.00005096863,0.00005758124,0.6209711],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9682405,0.002398119,0.001465743,0.0113882,0.0005946443,0.00004322111,0.00001440847,0.00001615799,0.01583894],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01088156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04578108,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125754116","doi":"10.3138/utlj.4006","title":"Self-driving laws","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Self driving; Computer science; State (computer science); Law; Artificial intelligence; Political science; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Anthony J. Casey","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anthony Niblett","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01632854652933821,"gpt":0.2709001571330333,"spread":0.254571610603695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01043166,0.0006068132,0.000521775,0.001322618,0.002285485,0.00551544,0.002037416,0.003591134,0.009026796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02392415,0.000640472,0.0009537949,0.0006840207,0.02204987,0.007857915,0.003255798,0.004204469,0.001910182],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004640073,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004820501,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005280643,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003931034,"domain_scores_codex":[0.990062,0.002934487,0.0005317137,0.002271418,0.003598553,0.0006018901],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9841403,0.005286824,0.001739946,0.005064456,0.00321595,0.0005525016],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004450424,0.00001560274,0.0003888532,0.00003285531,0.000009618555,0.00002387003,0.0004611998,0.0008258772,0.0002087305,0.9907198,0.001763092,0.005546114],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001895753,0.00003679473,0.0007037943,0.0001124789,0.00001295427,0.00008089729,0.0002296147,0.00323112,0.0006961254,0.8877665,0.107088,0.00002270239],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04330331,0.002672997,0.2745741,0.03108182,0.000547251,0.0005374475,0.0003643265,0.0006219081,0.6462969],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7975984,0.001789918,0.1093657,0.007979738,0.0004203238,0.0007279835,0.0002569424,0.0004093894,0.08145168],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01043166,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05516857,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031959760","doi":"10.3138/utlj.60.1.1","title":"THE ROLE OF THE COURTS IN THE POLITICAL CONSTITUTION","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Water Resources and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Constitutionalism; Constitution; Politics; Argument (complex analysis); Legislature; Law; Political science; Judicial review; Principal (computer security); Judicial independence; Enforcement; Constitutional law; Constitutional theory; Constitutional review; Law and economics; Sociology; Democracy","authors":[{"name":"Adam Tomkins","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004430792985953958,"gpt":0.2082185734908777,"spread":0.2037877805049238,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01600775,0.0004058765,0.0007164744,0.002382594,0.01068467,0.01617216,0.001612183,0.009196287,0.004782847],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02288156,0.00093365,0.0006546736,0.001977959,0.05746827,0.01133181,0.005212935,0.009880481,0.0007774549],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01368535,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01659155,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02061952,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02167114,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9798484,0.01157516,0.0007102192,0.001645887,0.003208917,0.003011439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9845635,0.01114634,0.001015107,0.001066081,0.001377421,0.0008315084],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001016181,0.000001155805,0.00004112518,0.000003704705,7.226536e-7,0.0000119113,0.000276664,0.00006506455,0.00001478219,0.9988109,0.0002675899,0.0005054257],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018667,0.00001322731,0.0003501634,0.00009500984,0.000008923353,0.00003302987,0.0005200711,0.0005023337,0.000108315,0.9457936,0.05254021,0.00001640362],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03079627,0.01081841,0.05202062,0.1297594,0.00097369,0.0001341473,0.00009572403,0.000112233,0.7752895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9414445,0.003331437,0.008776703,0.00937457,0.001022082,0.0002488988,0.00004069899,0.00006882165,0.03569238],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02061952,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0992946,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2399871532","doi":"10.3138/utlj.3671","title":"Law and development: Forty years after ‘Scholars in Self-Estrangement’","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Legal Issues in South Africa","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Embeddedness; Field (mathematics); Political science; Relation (database); Law; Milestone; Sociology; Social science; History; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"David M. Trubek","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009156073736940879,"gpt":0.2280273548415313,"spread":0.2188712811045904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02355452,0.0004883491,0.0007339036,0.002167685,0.01023612,0.02155411,0.001683924,0.009017539,0.00321415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02482997,0.0003747444,0.0005357601,0.003027819,0.0743422,0.02380919,0.008458834,0.01557883,0.0005982153],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0230616,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02125918,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01623549,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01736379,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9769526,0.01538434,0.00052346,0.001634568,0.003196573,0.002308511],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9707083,0.01982277,0.001126389,0.002399185,0.00337481,0.002568566],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001236327,0.00001448241,0.0002501775,0.00006390246,0.00000335256,0.00009849901,0.03131308,0.0000572457,0.0000571048,0.9246795,0.02762912,0.0158212],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008383166,0.00002411244,0.0006149083,0.0006843387,0.000004042996,0.00008025455,0.02216919,0.00009387433,0.00014517,0.2423596,0.733794,0.00002213007],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.009535057,0.1070778,0.002318993,0.8226697,0.006826596,0.00001594514,0.00002577244,0.00003429917,0.05149578],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6682087,0.08965254,0.004440684,0.1559229,0.01422524,0.0001214887,0.00007354845,0.0001981521,0.06715675],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02355452,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1673244,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4239043492","doi":"10.3138/utlj.59.4.417","title":"DIGNITY, LIBERTY, EQUALITY: A FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS TRIANGLE OF CONSTITUTIONALISM","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Dignity; Constitutionalism; Politics; Ideology; Fundamental rights; Sociology; Law; Liberalism; Bill of rights; Political science; Law and economics; Human rights; Democracy","authors":[{"name":"Susanne Baer","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02809573664347014,"gpt":0.2739936088723604,"spread":0.2458978722288903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01492538,0.0006212708,0.001368576,0.002391538,0.006323406,0.02033163,0.002629169,0.010783,0.005410863],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01322237,0.0004917085,0.0007423826,0.002637587,0.09671569,0.03442188,0.01059373,0.02523398,0.0007107533],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0101885,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005734255,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004378714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003051996,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9859188,0.007532903,0.0004916545,0.002247088,0.002698713,0.001110845],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9855247,0.01061285,0.0006953258,0.001348602,0.0010041,0.0008144426],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001758937,0.000004215745,0.00003341209,0.00001424763,7.466631e-7,0.00001017785,0.0009093107,0.00002756509,0.00002329703,0.996974,0.0005848798,0.001416454],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003850748,0.000006858379,0.00008309747,0.00008473012,0.000001184918,0.00003176846,0.0007121565,0.0001317119,0.00002892877,0.9730639,0.02584506,0.00000670545],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02468875,0.04884368,0.06860064,0.5445198,0.002673015,0.0001098099,0.0001683016,0.0001186927,0.3102773],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8686818,0.02524217,0.03078588,0.04886012,0.005219772,0.0003854665,0.0001392259,0.0001744548,0.02051111],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02033163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07893389,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2768011231","doi":"10.3138/utlj.2017-0056","title":"Prediction, persuasion, and the jurisprudence of behaviourism","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Persuasion; Jurisprudence; Predictive analytics; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Meaning (existential); Software deployment; Analytics; Data science; Epistemology; Psychology; Law; Political science; Social psychology; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Frank Pasquale","is_ca":false},{"name":"Glyn Cashwell","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02331410895979049,"gpt":0.2745674372997067,"spread":0.2512533283399162,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.03355341,0.0004579441,0.0006793406,0.002156295,0.003722809,0.00927097,0.002005111,0.00710917,0.001762441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.07298195,0.0003677839,0.0006562618,0.001454334,0.05435921,0.006759608,0.004047422,0.00911651,0.0003174265],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007662897,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004851118,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009889851,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005770259,"domain_scores_codex":[0.963824,0.02464765,0.0009224087,0.00303168,0.006129044,0.001445312],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9063129,0.07677279,0.005906799,0.004937851,0.004751578,0.001318205],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001800398,0.00001796347,0.001694727,0.00004643773,0.00001586583,0.00008601941,0.004032249,0.001198611,0.00005902569,0.981661,0.002456461,0.008713566],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001562926,0.0000151317,0.001416853,0.0001421854,0.000009555704,0.00005495018,0.0009619811,0.003292618,0.0001249911,0.9802285,0.01371683,0.00002088789],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1404369,0.01422615,0.1108647,0.452816,0.001126105,0.0001042322,0.0001512099,0.0002098187,0.280065],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9849282,0.00126529,0.005137131,0.006348848,0.0004064807,0.00004418881,0.0000215762,0.00003462227,0.00181361],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03355341,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1774495,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2074105530","doi":"10.3138/utlj.1119","title":"EXTRATERRITORIAL JURISDICTION TO ENFORCE IN CYBERSPACE? BODIN, SCHMITT, GROTIUS IN CYBERSPACE","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Political Theology and Sovereignty","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cyberspace; Jurisdiction; Sovereignty; Extraterritoriality; Law; International law; Global commons; State (computer science); Politics; Sociology; Political science; Law and economics; The Internet","authors":[{"name":"Mireille Hildebrandt","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008344743393117108,"gpt":0.246607821110647,"spread":0.2382630777175299,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002930401,0.0002601701,0.0003616306,0.00110504,0.00609612,0.008788479,0.0007876738,0.003445346,0.004230605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006362434,0.0002244545,0.000302113,0.001291816,0.04717005,0.01447509,0.005146108,0.004635274,0.0004955239],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005338504,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00365969,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0133401,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01243225,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972218,0.001312886,0.00006446183,0.0004228466,0.0004850973,0.0004928237],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971696,0.001655373,0.0002479169,0.0003442315,0.0003033705,0.0002795649],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003459102,0.000002166801,0.0001661505,0.000009014184,0.000001423131,0.00003506768,0.004509939,0.00008784491,0.00003382633,0.9905743,0.001726488,0.00285034],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009013175,0.00001032357,0.001040753,0.000171876,0.000007587264,0.0001172003,0.009695827,0.0003260057,0.0001375992,0.9053914,0.0830767,0.00001568483],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1403814,0.01533321,0.02922089,0.2544984,0.001032461,0.00003595881,0.0000775677,0.00008326666,0.5593369],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9869294,0.001657914,0.0007996449,0.004386545,0.0002774392,0.00002231893,0.0000115009,0.00002068181,0.005894564],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9939039,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03873372,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2561364701","doi":"10.3138/utlj.67.1","title":"MITIGATING STATE SOVEREIGNTY: THE DUTY TO CONSULT WITH INDIGENOUS PEOPLES","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Indigenous Peoples' Rights and Law","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Indigenous; Duty; Sovereignty; Human rights; Duty to protect; Indigenous rights; Political science; Conceptualization; Law; State (computer science); Law and economics; Power (physics); Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Juan Anaya-Jaimes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sergio Puig","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01102152311945175,"gpt":0.2380445124845087,"spread":0.227022989365057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01159386,0.0001650069,0.0002961598,0.000721938,0.01426819,0.007958282,0.001267258,0.006165041,0.003077718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01492954,0.0002393945,0.0002983789,0.0006072854,0.05214328,0.006781377,0.01076842,0.006125617,0.0002033641],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007345424,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01270726,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05114641,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05142143,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9889774,0.00719999,0.0003074944,0.0006944716,0.001340643,0.001480075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9898819,0.007353536,0.0008410497,0.000650778,0.0007132323,0.000559476],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003974287,0.00001003562,0.0007601093,0.00003849975,0.000003079421,0.0003459916,0.1308125,0.00009320687,0.0001876182,0.8610245,0.001552114,0.005168282],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000160826,0.00004832695,0.003856931,0.001056633,0.00003230584,0.0008700038,0.2183909,0.001087091,0.001007278,0.5564957,0.217079,0.00005990356],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.24661,0.00404526,0.02124063,0.1942383,0.0003401598,0.00007324082,0.00002498106,0.000053633,0.5333738],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9866441,0.000581249,0.001283125,0.004697136,0.00004974157,0.00002963157,0.000003616094,0.000007507261,0.006703966],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9488536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1016974,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4251764200","doi":"10.3138/utlj.62.1.93","title":"Redressing the Right Wrong: The Argument from Corrective Justice","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Multicultural Socio-Legal Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Redress; Indigenous; Injustice; Economic Justice; Politics; Argument (complex analysis); Sociology; Law; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Douglas Sanderson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02225849214846924,"gpt":0.2682911348908973,"spread":0.2460326427424281,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01528435,0.0005554831,0.0007419095,0.001284266,0.01860388,0.009540365,0.002308966,0.01425326,0.002731141],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03115667,0.0004458839,0.0007729966,0.000718387,0.08260097,0.01201001,0.01011447,0.01667611,0.0003592469],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01171022,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01206677,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02477461,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02066466,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9797283,0.01061827,0.0005531873,0.001895778,0.004145116,0.003059406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9820123,0.01076795,0.001632981,0.001872117,0.002379163,0.001335585],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009367867,0.00001331869,0.0002072376,0.00003432442,0.00000529691,0.0001884796,0.008533329,0.0001520462,0.00007733705,0.9850798,0.003841342,0.001858057],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004511006,0.00003814287,0.0005155444,0.0003598092,0.00002281384,0.0003331555,0.01313187,0.0007871826,0.0006319294,0.8670402,0.1170453,0.00004893215],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.04965701,0.006332709,0.0421485,0.3856353,0.002356065,0.0001555026,0.00004248858,0.0001123611,0.5135601],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9340788,0.0008772317,0.003260454,0.04160936,0.0006439834,0.00009739874,0.00000978827,0.00007182622,0.01935112],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02477461,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08496404,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3014514066","doi":"10.3138/utlj.2019-0103","title":"The artificial morality of private law: The persistence of an illusion","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Free Will and Agency","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Law and economics; Law; Moral rights; Political science; Property rights; Normative; Legal realism; Morality; Sociology; Legal profession; Intellectual property","authors":[{"name":"Liam Murphy","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05175094086343687,"gpt":0.2201683304165113,"spread":0.1684173895530744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01968963,0.0004524658,0.0009457538,0.002130108,0.0100516,0.01795642,0.002479843,0.009451746,0.005071914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03646898,0.0008186685,0.0009683375,0.001387736,0.1242285,0.0280681,0.009731365,0.01938898,0.0009194591],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.009616766,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006913502,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004551851,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002617585,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9777172,0.01296774,0.0005372743,0.002565596,0.004955386,0.001256826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9634976,0.02355991,0.001966321,0.006502848,0.00281898,0.001654355],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004392732,0.000005215523,0.00005630246,0.00001111559,0.000002131992,0.00001378492,0.001464021,0.00007292844,0.00003187369,0.9958133,0.001148051,0.001376832],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008042476,0.000003861156,0.00005167934,0.00002948596,0.000001374661,0.00002301029,0.0004767769,0.0003320682,0.0000319047,0.9843692,0.01466594,0.000006658849],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04934434,0.008144149,0.08322344,0.5535278,0.001696822,0.00004987,0.0001651955,0.000236045,0.3036124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9471368,0.002020729,0.01221264,0.02372659,0.001943881,0.0001309005,0.00005715079,0.0002998934,0.01247134],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01968963,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.10413,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2258436064","doi":"10.3138/utlj.3244","title":"Polycentricity and queue jumping in public law remedies: A two-track response","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Criminal Law and Evidence","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Polycentricity; Context (archaeology); Jurisdiction; Adjudication; Law; Political science; Sociology; Negotiation; Legislature; Law and economics; Interpretation (philosophy); Economics; Corporate governance","authors":[{"name":"Kent Roach","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05971884230427966,"gpt":0.3008158458132109,"spread":0.2410970035089312,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0171876,0.0005781672,0.0007055797,0.00161477,0.01396407,0.01322091,0.003298918,0.02714548,0.008736799],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0374985,0.000709714,0.001352093,0.001792592,0.0364113,0.02063535,0.01575597,0.03213852,0.0006493893],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01494885,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01264973,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03404595,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03915019,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9836377,0.0046018,0.0007613894,0.002840784,0.005099745,0.003058653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.97216,0.01928922,0.002588127,0.001645038,0.003121263,0.001196323],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002917837,0.00003306557,0.0009878952,0.00006199144,0.00001181853,0.0004544424,0.0121883,0.0002941862,0.0002368971,0.9281397,0.04881972,0.00874289],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001353501,0.0001221068,0.00401112,0.0005519973,0.00004889868,0.0005997769,0.02764254,0.001734526,0.001163812,0.2641763,0.6996056,0.0002081041],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0514359,0.003696637,0.01065112,0.8332224,0.002496939,0.00007876852,0.00008552362,0.0001305269,0.09820203],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6297315,0.002557473,0.002741416,0.3279506,0.003440157,0.0001323618,0.00004860116,0.0001194716,0.03327836],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03404595,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.108462,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2992685277","doi":"10.3138/utlj.69.s1.004","title":"Remedial discretion and dilemmas in Asia","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Legislature; Remedial education; Legislation; Reinterpretation; Political science; Law; Judicial discretion; Judicial review; Discretion; Constitutionality; Government (linguistics); Judicial restraint; Judicial activism; Law and economics; Supreme court; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Po Jen Yap","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00941150560976816,"gpt":0.2219157046297682,"spread":0.21250419902,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01259757,0.0002744335,0.0006084174,0.001254081,0.007547784,0.008024794,0.001646112,0.003807707,0.007700753],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01386461,0.0003514917,0.0005083982,0.001360348,0.02328003,0.006545302,0.007057236,0.006589566,0.0005357088],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00899787,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0103736,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02363711,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02574753,"domain_scores_codex":[0.993535,0.002282394,0.00052673,0.0008919687,0.001202927,0.001560944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9923199,0.00335495,0.001105968,0.001261009,0.001155413,0.0008028677],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000289382,0.00003246948,0.001832407,0.00004354421,0.00001412217,0.0007620543,0.01070694,0.0006839319,0.0002810818,0.9744855,0.00180772,0.009321236],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000992663,0.00008502981,0.005365326,0.0005319944,0.00004672804,0.0009507266,0.02342975,0.002566957,0.0011895,0.8163136,0.1493253,0.00009575935],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.270963,0.004294139,0.008457382,0.04456724,0.0002366225,0.00007986774,0.00008429981,0.00006175503,0.6712556],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9833941,0.0006053261,0.001007728,0.00344157,0.0000693852,0.00003277231,0.00001124883,0.00002088426,0.01141702],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02363711,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06662315,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4248687743","doi":"10.3138/utlj.59.1.1","title":"THE PUZZLE OF MARTIAL LAW","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"American Constitutional Law and Politics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Law; Martial law; Proclamation; Political science; Comparative law; Politics","authors":[{"name":"David Dyzenhaus","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008655443699399041,"gpt":0.2413368030932218,"spread":0.2326813593938228,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002232284,0.0001701026,0.0002998832,0.0005555792,0.01254596,0.008560916,0.0009377059,0.004493981,0.005957911],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005520247,0.0002668732,0.0001959753,0.0005670729,0.03481898,0.006018023,0.003757985,0.007418777,0.0006108636],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008945438,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007695007,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05218375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06200824,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984313,0.0004185187,0.00002767941,0.0002303934,0.0004174162,0.0004746529],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985805,0.0005759361,0.0001155134,0.0001431679,0.0002096599,0.0003752954],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004104196,0.000004968124,0.0001857285,0.000006593846,8.446354e-7,0.0000432093,0.003639143,0.00004071793,0.00002572153,0.9811531,0.01213887,0.002757048],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001154144,0.000014506,0.001548757,0.0001364141,0.000003203359,0.0001402771,0.009350426,0.0002775017,0.0001190495,0.5424131,0.4459686,0.00001659476],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0760983,0.01244294,0.001469686,0.258176,0.0009064422,0.00001360935,0.0000760206,0.00003915038,0.6507779],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9406694,0.002787537,0.0003543038,0.01269654,0.0007026006,0.000009649874,0.00002491964,0.000021114,0.0427339],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05218375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.10376,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2790078636","doi":"10.3138/utlj.2017-0047","title":"Transformative legal technology and the rule of law","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Law in Society and Culture","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Transformative learning; Economic Justice; Cognition; Rule of law; Law; Legal profession; Law and economics; Political science; Sociology; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Paul Gowder","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006344534758098222,"gpt":0.2256299003473525,"spread":0.2192853655892543,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002856857,0.0002428276,0.0003467268,0.001362374,0.001638476,0.007354253,0.0009889577,0.001813347,0.005005294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007756299,0.000239158,0.0003585827,0.001026083,0.04035547,0.007540972,0.002604881,0.002270339,0.0007575116],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004967145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002937694,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007112264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005213392,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963258,0.00129899,0.0001777891,0.0007026267,0.001121059,0.0003736415],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9948137,0.002703991,0.0006028681,0.001154281,0.000452521,0.0002726368],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003593638,0.000004816635,0.00009899561,0.00001020035,0.00000140923,0.00002032171,0.0007186825,0.0003089743,0.00007119704,0.9951852,0.0002172355,0.003359312],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000100457,0.000009883194,0.0004100318,0.00003270005,0.000003188727,0.0000608035,0.0004213055,0.0007257722,0.0002427927,0.9751956,0.02287853,0.00000937234],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1007221,0.00573067,0.07133403,0.01723298,0.0002420967,0.00005672668,0.00009457175,0.000205645,0.8043811],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9773661,0.001390838,0.008961526,0.0005705034,0.0001097667,0.00003689295,0.00003228167,0.00003224062,0.01149991],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007354253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03603929,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044835123","doi":"10.3138/utlj.1117-3","title":"TERRITORIAL JURISDICTION AND CRIMINALIZATION","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Legal principles and applications","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Arts and Humanities Research Council","keywords":"Jurisdiction; Criminalization; Law; Criminal law; Political science; Criminal jurisdiction; Universal jurisdiction; Relation (database); Acknowledgement; Sociology; Computer security","authors":[{"name":"Lindsay Farmer","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01079713037986742,"gpt":0.2385564415872736,"spread":0.2277593112074062,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002409872,0.0001650067,0.0003732899,0.00136447,0.004434455,0.004766481,0.0006758126,0.001168135,0.00364331],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004366247,0.0001936879,0.0003001504,0.00158098,0.05115286,0.003905024,0.006354983,0.001674566,0.0002080497],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007751212,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006333893,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03475576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0320064,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9953159,0.002305628,0.0001547226,0.0006459387,0.0006419654,0.0009357338],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974664,0.0008774724,0.0004196751,0.0003933188,0.0004977662,0.0003453599],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002130937,0.000001472288,0.0005824706,0.000007610364,0.000001863457,0.00002537043,0.003627037,0.0001383523,0.00003414693,0.9935398,0.00026153,0.001778295],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001487316,0.00003394781,0.0106677,0.0001720717,0.00002031405,0.0003510467,0.01625158,0.001217028,0.0002675086,0.8726461,0.0983303,0.00002751884],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3221626,0.006220206,0.02282061,0.0131493,0.0001146256,0.00004740453,0.0001020889,0.00005468606,0.6353285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948776,0.000489786,0.0007066726,0.0001815387,0.00001635333,0.0000125829,0.00001354407,0.000006659493,0.003695237],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03475576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06910694,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009613640","doi":"10.3138/utlj.62.4.499","title":"Electoral Fairness and the Law of Democracy: A Structural Rights Approach to Judicial Review","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Supreme court; Political science; Democracy; Law; Deference; Fundamental rights; Gerrymandering; Redistricting; Law and economics; Judicial review; Human rights; Politics; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Yasmin Dawood","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01557367090440112,"gpt":0.2502169757550178,"spread":0.2346433048506167,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.05778942,0.0004767012,0.001068196,0.003791113,0.007741298,0.01520273,0.003131491,0.009550636,0.004080595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06615116,0.0007438173,0.001072763,0.00287373,0.0324561,0.01050032,0.004159561,0.009743288,0.0005987589],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02689556,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03866308,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04727261,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06167395,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9486286,0.02572644,0.002163516,0.005114166,0.0139625,0.004404709],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9469416,0.03733768,0.002325715,0.003863193,0.008350691,0.001181044],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003022939,0.000005044648,0.00008838031,0.00002014479,0.000004864326,0.00001704291,0.000405056,0.0003679168,0.00004453706,0.9936394,0.001656723,0.003747746],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003283174,0.00002328481,0.0003110405,0.0001225152,0.00001424008,0.0000348016,0.0001988388,0.001857257,0.0002008004,0.9473057,0.04986712,0.00003155128],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02243232,0.02263218,0.3187797,0.1848545,0.001663202,0.0007609287,0.0002761153,0.000279455,0.4483216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.896167,0.007309406,0.04962447,0.01265778,0.003194406,0.0006212775,0.00009478397,0.0001055238,0.03022538],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05778942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3056234,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2312964853","doi":"10.3138/utlj.3622","title":"Between universalism and relativism: Reflections on the evolution of law and development studies","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Human Rights and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Universalism; Political science; Bureaucracy; Washington Consensus; Universal suffrage; Law and development; Context (archaeology); Relativism; Politics; Blueprint; Political economy; Developing country; Development economics; Democracy; Law and economics; Law; Sociology; Economic growth; Economics; Epistemology; Development studies; History","authors":[{"name":"Michael J. Trebilcock","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0705247228216803,"gpt":0.3010891666861169,"spread":0.2305644438644366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.05382892,0.0008163985,0.001565343,0.008621231,0.01311364,0.02075277,0.003677985,0.01060169,0.003405592],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04255828,0.0009647623,0.001163496,0.006749016,0.1936422,0.04731211,0.01787154,0.02414182,0.000312028],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02399425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01028801,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009876087,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006829332,"domain_scores_codex":[0.95817,0.03124827,0.001035384,0.003013783,0.004340727,0.002191839],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.906276,0.08281748,0.002337073,0.004408424,0.002646927,0.001514102],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003989201,0.000006911178,0.00009476865,0.00002884932,0.000002753718,0.00002342032,0.007233731,0.00007014644,0.00001318954,0.9896452,0.0008369799,0.002039859],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001082836,0.00001450575,0.0002022762,0.0002373311,0.000003740917,0.00005864394,0.008144441,0.0001912593,0.00005104095,0.9247571,0.06631215,0.00001668667],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03090446,0.1030768,0.03383595,0.6634588,0.004222633,0.00005610348,0.00006257977,0.0001094071,0.1642734],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9030548,0.03172142,0.01096505,0.04064399,0.006378952,0.0001662192,0.00004795209,0.0002499909,0.006771715],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05382892,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2846779,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071745665","doi":"10.1353/tlj.0.0045","title":"Person, place, or thing?: Property and the structuring of social relations","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Legal principles and applications","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Personhood; Trespass; Property (philosophy); Expropriation; Sociology; Identity (music); Law and economics; Relation (database); Epistemology; Property rights; Intuition; Structuring; Law; Political science; Aesthetics; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Lisa M. Austin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01396040738108468,"gpt":0.2380048575908833,"spread":0.2240444502097986,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00365257,0.0002537513,0.0004781345,0.001270005,0.00552291,0.007117543,0.001045147,0.002407791,0.003173817],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003988346,0.0003419405,0.0004402731,0.001443281,0.06664536,0.01196721,0.005242717,0.002386181,0.0004585836],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005326827,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003709015,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01114236,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00869167,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996531,0.002248014,0.0001014812,0.0004081517,0.0003692483,0.0003422269],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978258,0.001150755,0.0002876662,0.0003533442,0.000160092,0.0002223485],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003712969,0.00000284093,0.0001664997,0.000007518795,0.000001607368,0.00002509791,0.003205949,0.0001024307,0.0000249464,0.9944429,0.0003555806,0.001660938],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009571071,0.000008022611,0.0005128376,0.00003072567,0.000002477381,0.00003705043,0.002417433,0.0002878714,0.00005101615,0.9739396,0.02269705,0.00000641413],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.178613,0.01162635,0.1360158,0.08993901,0.0003916347,0.0001184995,0.0001866683,0.0001997865,0.5829092],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9860981,0.0009902109,0.005943467,0.001100391,0.0001025049,0.00005612072,0.00002628289,0.00002245215,0.005660516],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01114236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03864896,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079936065","doi":"10.1353/tlj.2006.0010","title":"The Impact of Hot Issue Markets and Noise Traders on Stock Exchange Listing Standards","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Shareholder; Stock exchange; Business; Capital market; Mandate; Incentive; Public interest; Market maker; Primary market; Accounting; Finance; Economics; Stock market; Corporate governance; Market economy; Law","authors":[{"name":"A. Douglas Harris","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01539734730582855,"gpt":0.2118321612226256,"spread":0.196434813916797,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004026165,0.000250047,0.0004231004,0.001098274,0.0009288391,0.006893202,0.0005637664,0.001368401,0.008157954],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03140831,0.0001767222,0.0003470716,0.001099279,0.004112114,0.00442722,0.001798676,0.001688249,0.0002667862],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001920606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001020301,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002363308,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002415545,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968996,0.00122536,0.0001719661,0.0002114211,0.001073991,0.0004176907],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9339676,0.04191035,0.01929969,0.00124387,0.001972863,0.001605514],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008668482,0.0007789857,0.2435801,0.0002392875,0.0002020905,0.001158568,0.003311659,0.0197252,0.002200277,0.668457,0.004485753,0.05499407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000303439,0.0008726622,0.3917617,0.0002725889,0.000288349,0.0004987206,0.009957888,0.03976887,0.004049627,0.5377775,0.01424689,0.0002017952],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8613378,0.001076525,0.004891489,0.004133796,0.00005396069,0.00006878338,0.0001705959,0.00005614263,0.1282109],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988438,0.0001010704,0.0001479482,0.0001173014,0.00003775869,0.000005891792,0.00001654349,0.000004749133,0.0007250702],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008157954,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.027291,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125353358","doi":"10.3138/utlj.60.2.445","title":"PERSON, PLACE, OR THING? PROPERTY AND THE STRUCTURING OF SOCIAL RELATIONS","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Property Rights and Legal Doctrine","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Personhood; Trespass; Property (philosophy); Expropriation; Sociology; Identity (music); Law and economics; Relation (database); Structuring; Property rights; Epistemology; Intuition; Law; Political science; Aesthetics; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Lisa M. Austin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0137910174835094,"gpt":0.2270170217185577,"spread":0.2132260042350483,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003488621,0.0002421363,0.0004906742,0.001164191,0.004270705,0.006198296,0.001081904,0.002502558,0.003981277],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003847398,0.0002685297,0.0005159985,0.00121336,0.05515101,0.01267342,0.004556739,0.002514387,0.000603381],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003879444,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002841501,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005949879,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004664461,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967448,0.001992572,0.0001080976,0.0004208045,0.0003674896,0.0003662067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977618,0.00108444,0.0003078708,0.0004435577,0.0001715714,0.0002307799],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002478288,0.000002655427,0.0001238496,0.000006480417,0.000001407066,0.00001889678,0.001770752,0.00007587536,0.00002801189,0.9960703,0.0002746521,0.001624779],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000685629,0.000007268393,0.0002840129,0.00002421086,0.00000187742,0.00003183052,0.001500632,0.0001828036,0.00004779996,0.9793682,0.01853958,0.000004887243],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1526832,0.0109999,0.1519124,0.09882338,0.000491227,0.0001081562,0.0001648804,0.0001995768,0.5846173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9836342,0.001183753,0.006436806,0.001398387,0.0001628398,0.00005579821,0.00002681725,0.0000252924,0.007076022],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006198296,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02814746,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4231632637","doi":"10.3138/utlj.58.2.185","title":"REPRESENTING INDIGENOUS SELF-DETERMINATION","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Indigenous; Politics; Opposition (politics); Indigenous rights; Legislature; Political science; Political economy; State (computer science); Law and economics; Sociology; Self-determination; Law","authors":[{"name":"Michael A. Murphy","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01326225257563852,"gpt":0.2537552124503699,"spread":0.2404929598747313,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004401132,0.0002582328,0.0002762458,0.0005874872,0.01509598,0.007961536,0.001033408,0.001946279,0.007495958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004653109,0.0001688185,0.0002421631,0.0005854605,0.02261771,0.00333101,0.008163195,0.002864469,0.0006890732],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01893141,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01548776,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1436713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2392797,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954631,0.001875059,0.000124419,0.0003695198,0.0008137863,0.001354158],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973202,0.0008020409,0.0002095855,0.0003913314,0.0005966694,0.0006800565],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006782392,0.000008523445,0.0009026909,0.00003152816,0.000002999192,0.0002935416,0.2269197,0.0001223399,0.0004336271,0.753743,0.007237867,0.01029743],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006640382,0.00005166898,0.003016739,0.00020719,0.00002044186,0.000416241,0.1902519,0.0006716044,0.001135953,0.09386621,0.7103112,0.00004428489],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1183739,0.001635342,0.006764545,0.02728919,0.0004930603,0.00006796836,0.00003589498,0.00008596563,0.8452542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9282234,0.0005007176,0.00103983,0.001303955,0.00006604775,0.00001991245,0.00001129377,0.00002183881,0.06881307],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8563287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28567,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971997154","doi":"10.1353/tlj.0.0000","title":"Representing Indigenous Self-Determination","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Indigenous; Geography; Political science; Mathematics; Biology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Michael A. Murphy","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01326225257563852,"gpt":0.2537552124503699,"spread":0.2404929598747313,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004401132,0.0002582328,0.0002762458,0.0005874872,0.01509598,0.007961536,0.001033408,0.001946279,0.007495958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004653109,0.0001688185,0.0002421631,0.0005854605,0.02261771,0.00333101,0.008163195,0.002864469,0.0006890732],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01893141,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01548776,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1436713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2392797,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954631,0.001875059,0.000124419,0.0003695198,0.0008137863,0.001354158],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973202,0.0008020409,0.0002095855,0.0003913314,0.0005966694,0.0006800565],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006782392,0.000008523445,0.0009026909,0.00003152816,0.000002999192,0.0002935416,0.2269197,0.0001223399,0.0004336271,0.753743,0.007237867,0.01029743],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006640382,0.00005166898,0.003016739,0.00020719,0.00002044186,0.000416241,0.1902519,0.0006716044,0.001135953,0.09386621,0.7103112,0.00004428489],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1183739,0.001635342,0.006764545,0.02728919,0.0004930603,0.00006796836,0.00003589498,0.00008596563,0.8452542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9282234,0.0005007176,0.00103983,0.001303955,0.00006604775,0.00001991245,0.00001129377,0.00002183881,0.06881307],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8563287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28567,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3150515959","doi":"10.3138/utlj.61.2.191","title":"PRIVATE LAW AND PUBLIC RIGHT","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Legal principles and applications","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Plaintiff; Private law; Law; Tort; Unjust enrichment; Public law; Public interest; Political science; Economic Justice; Exclusive right; Common law; Commercial law; Liability; Law and economics; Normative; Private rights; Business; Sociology; Intellectual property","authors":[{"name":"Ernest J. Weinrib","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02653600188505005,"gpt":0.2331907195830554,"spread":0.2066547176980054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006356104,0.0006912381,0.0005547371,0.001219786,0.008309741,0.01037714,0.0009818316,0.009853047,0.01752615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006596321,0.0004037247,0.0008964988,0.001231282,0.04560178,0.01502124,0.007785562,0.01093062,0.002630793],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007680231,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0058848,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004582261,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002798239,"domain_scores_codex":[0.992648,0.002954986,0.0002924466,0.001398853,0.001453995,0.001251773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957252,0.002600251,0.00032277,0.0006878671,0.0004185842,0.0002455057],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001557662,0.00000228248,0.00001429651,0.000004859483,5.921423e-7,0.000006555083,0.0001816847,0.00001796906,0.000007990918,0.9982332,0.0007195686,0.0008094564],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009026579,0.000008235475,0.00007060159,0.00004703434,0.000002975906,0.0000428159,0.0002134744,0.00009311529,0.00006924336,0.9352657,0.06417139,0.000006367482],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.008423177,0.0113276,0.03130741,0.08398916,0.001056912,0.0000562699,0.0001260742,0.00008698538,0.8636264],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7914847,0.008810461,0.01003762,0.0381079,0.003757696,0.0002721687,0.0001920356,0.0001821912,0.1471553],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01752615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05863082,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3122025944","doi":"10.3138/utlj.3558","title":"The utopian promise of private law","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Political Philosophy and Ethics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Normative; Dominion; Economic Justice; Private property; Utopia; Law and economics; Private law; Distributive property; Function (biology); Law; Sociology; Distributive justice; Property (philosophy); Political science; Public law; Epistemology; Philosophy; Pure mathematics; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Hanoch Dagan","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02501029058460926,"gpt":0.2639183396345651,"spread":0.2389080490499559,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005976748,0.0003825768,0.0006491622,0.000942233,0.007152369,0.01158092,0.001123507,0.004624888,0.004717451],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008578101,0.0004494161,0.0006269248,0.0006751389,0.05215266,0.01237386,0.007416,0.006671594,0.0007229931],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007228533,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006061657,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005553218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004154156,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9950076,0.00228689,0.0001250411,0.0007935399,0.001070915,0.0007159887],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9955845,0.002164254,0.0003066183,0.001134342,0.0004275139,0.0003827113],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000237746,0.000001542286,0.00001762953,0.000003543178,6.747142e-7,0.000007054816,0.0002491492,0.00006829013,0.00001391783,0.9985831,0.0003779228,0.0006749018],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004528937,0.000003139743,0.00003912143,0.00002328645,0.000001486749,0.00001533128,0.0001945571,0.0001980793,0.0000517965,0.979489,0.01997572,0.000003934715],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03254975,0.007360121,0.09794947,0.08724392,0.0007127078,0.00005097407,0.0001206028,0.0001845723,0.7738279],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9541637,0.001444501,0.007608717,0.004374509,0.0004607756,0.00009492261,0.00002929051,0.00007700774,0.0317466],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01158092,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05244696,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079831649","doi":"10.3138/utlj.2419","title":"Blaming the victim: Canadian law, causation, and residential schools","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Causation; Plaintiff; Blame; Tort; Notice; Law; Damages; Prison; Supreme court; Criminology; Political science; Attendance; Estate; Sociology; Liability; Psychology; Social psychology","authors":[{"name":"Kent Roach","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005574235348561375,"gpt":0.2072173780900473,"spread":0.2016431427414859,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00718976,0.0004363115,0.0005423638,0.002601633,0.04318563,0.00811943,0.003816979,0.008647603,0.006099016],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0177832,0.0006930791,0.0006344289,0.002603622,0.02836899,0.003769303,0.006445237,0.01032307,0.0002674774],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.08822092,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.1606651,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9835328,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9936591,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9919739,0.001128846,0.0002577227,0.0007365065,0.003061459,0.002841678],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9933352,0.002246422,0.0006838664,0.0003271099,0.00259679,0.000810549],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001112146,0.00002068115,0.005881338,0.00008729499,0.00001500648,0.001103054,0.03392087,0.0002483733,0.0001697373,0.9175358,0.02289454,0.01811218],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006612956,0.00006584048,0.04592478,0.001464238,0.0002188221,0.001802784,0.08747381,0.001384299,0.001056281,0.1588776,0.7013424,0.0003229678],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1294681,0.02033817,0.004948614,0.3112879,0.001257761,0.0001477482,0.0001715212,0.0001077099,0.5322726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9155708,0.008455791,0.002164625,0.03277904,0.0002301964,0.00004854738,0.00005562046,0.00003771751,0.04065777],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08822092,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6400906,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2416877329","doi":"10.3138/utlj.3808","title":"Enhancing moral relationships through strict liability","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Free Will and Agency","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Distrust; Liability; Strict liability; Doctrine; Moral responsibility; Law and economics; Default rule; Blame; Business; Law; Political science; Sociology; Psychology; Social psychology","authors":[{"name":"Seana Valentine Shiffrin","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04650170053143371,"gpt":0.2239992939525606,"spread":0.1774975934211269,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01207084,0.0005602933,0.0004312745,0.001165016,0.003850646,0.006187123,0.001935228,0.002924604,0.01057855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03436133,0.0004858646,0.000668972,0.0005630932,0.01074947,0.008938445,0.01302113,0.004919559,0.001924966],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002517324,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004606512,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001268007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001357186,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9879785,0.005306826,0.0006105414,0.001210608,0.003966577,0.0009269101],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9789467,0.008459788,0.00432734,0.00394346,0.002142725,0.002179986],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001679859,0.0001052469,0.0009686936,0.00005683607,0.000009849256,0.0002150833,0.00391086,0.001800111,0.001118933,0.9580781,0.002154688,0.03156469],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000030931,0.0001391336,0.001356763,0.0001506178,0.00002239255,0.0004384799,0.001514881,0.005479831,0.001150587,0.9305059,0.05916696,0.00004357425],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.09492072,0.00136234,0.4247608,0.02472298,0.0005602525,0.0002497826,0.00004939863,0.0006396009,0.4527341],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9201746,0.0006694638,0.04622098,0.003102012,0.000279872,0.0002033103,0.00003883961,0.0001268421,0.02918414],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01207084,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06383753,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2766092601","doi":"10.3138/utlj.2017r-0028","title":"Thinking like a private lawyer","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Legal principles and applications","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Private law; Relation (database); Tort; Indeterminacy (philosophy); Centrality; Context (archaeology); Law; Sociology; Economic Justice; Law and economics; Political science; Epistemology; Public law; Philosophy; Liability; History","authors":[{"name":"Christopher Essert","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0215834691220999,"gpt":0.276891843250878,"spread":0.255308374128778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004630793,0.0002521785,0.000369024,0.0006866153,0.004571698,0.01038711,0.0008224976,0.007132017,0.01039829],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008475075,0.000234557,0.0003349507,0.0006378408,0.02294275,0.01249315,0.002904972,0.007771339,0.002369799],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003159113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006315415,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002633572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004184328,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9951338,0.002217722,0.0001252391,0.0007823444,0.001191898,0.0005490183],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964319,0.001752137,0.0003537055,0.000426727,0.0004683381,0.0005670909],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003475936,0.00001359759,0.00022252,0.00005230531,0.000004636909,0.00007065808,0.003858588,0.00008051733,0.00007874671,0.9519836,0.03338572,0.01024568],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006379811,0.00001373333,0.0002844447,0.0002693814,0.000005681258,0.0002489565,0.004990518,0.0002453898,0.0001191871,0.53395,0.4598534,0.00001284597],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.01360679,0.01994938,0.02668688,0.5485696,0.0056347,0.00004123146,0.00005554234,0.0001891841,0.3852668],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6432096,0.01955945,0.009489493,0.1543538,0.006837118,0.00009588948,0.00008796436,0.0001794861,0.1661872],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01039829,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03478575,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2255984055","doi":"10.3138/utlj.3437","title":"The lure and the limits of dialogue","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Metaphor; Charter; Legislature; Political science; Law; Human rights; Sociology; Law and economics; Linguistics; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Aileen Kavanagh","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0288368252960619,"gpt":0.2436162291613386,"spread":0.2147794038652767,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02919751,0.000568854,0.001146202,0.00317015,0.0219103,0.02437798,0.002221791,0.007965118,0.004982402],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04669175,0.0008354329,0.0005154771,0.002491411,0.1720572,0.03241812,0.01843444,0.01241902,0.0008363354],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01900155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009321344,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01403253,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007889293,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9323151,0.05516781,0.001095479,0.003385213,0.005422104,0.002614371],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9565511,0.03384493,0.00190628,0.003765779,0.002232126,0.001699769],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009147229,0.000002923711,0.00008160032,0.00002908622,0.000002100154,0.00003953279,0.04136899,0.00005074934,0.00004247061,0.9553266,0.000957931,0.002088862],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002687312,0.00001642088,0.0002290052,0.0002855754,0.000007191239,0.0001695297,0.03679589,0.0002779602,0.0001301894,0.8415221,0.1205147,0.0000245617],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.07590609,0.03466207,0.02488674,0.2593297,0.001162871,0.00006881922,0.00011105,0.0001848484,0.6036879],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9824671,0.002744533,0.001944378,0.005297399,0.0005153611,0.00009159397,0.00001982949,0.0001011673,0.006818681],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02919751,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.154413,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2507249553","doi":"10.3138/utlj.4008","title":"The path of the law: Towards legal singularity","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Law; Witness; Singularity; Economic Justice; Political science; Law and economics; Tax law; Sociology; Mathematics; Tax reform","authors":[{"name":"Benjamin Alarie","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02024037742337321,"gpt":0.2663106734233213,"spread":0.2460702959999481,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01158998,0.0003988417,0.0007917518,0.003195512,0.006223014,0.009410745,0.00190787,0.01127069,0.006514659],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03043614,0.0004577307,0.0006096142,0.003112889,0.03533547,0.02387376,0.005027593,0.01644818,0.001137318],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01333417,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01562889,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01831513,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0122366,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9868989,0.005540775,0.000509559,0.00133111,0.004481123,0.001238615],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9828499,0.01213583,0.0008680077,0.0007325771,0.002629907,0.0007839029],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000200159,0.000004268614,0.00004765706,0.00002514833,0.000001276425,0.0000254916,0.0004376118,0.0000522172,0.000006259306,0.971058,0.02467083,0.003669226],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000667258,0.000007370737,0.0001662596,0.0003142491,0.000002203823,0.00005755067,0.0006629518,0.0002142466,0.00002040873,0.7398455,0.2586915,0.00001109945],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.002835439,0.2209068,0.01088708,0.6328674,0.003556282,0.00001956264,0.0001032273,0.00006731904,0.1287569],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4486995,0.1862802,0.006591134,0.2973279,0.0176157,0.0001896915,0.0001986531,0.0002030406,0.04289421],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01831513,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09674662,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2783051054","doi":"10.3138/utlj.2017-0080","title":"The origins of gender identity and gender expression in Anglo-American legal discourse","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy","field":"Psychology","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Legislation; Human rights; Identity (music); Law; Scholarship; Political science; Sociology; Human sexuality; Gender studies; Parliament; Expression (computer science); Politics","authors":[{"name":"Kyle Kirkup","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0339511753438979,"gpt":0.3530585936606168,"spread":0.3191074183167189,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007969474,0.000380358,0.0003613512,0.002554032,0.02226396,0.01246788,0.001046057,0.002973805,0.002418693],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005144173,0.0003659096,0.0001820048,0.002047874,0.06170127,0.009392133,0.00505273,0.00534282,0.0002892739],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01231303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004602133,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04064373,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04227277,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9933368,0.004624571,0.0001678416,0.0004378739,0.0006947711,0.0007382383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9959123,0.002729861,0.0003826684,0.0001553164,0.0004069943,0.0004129618],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000103988,0.00001310435,0.0004417717,0.00002607456,0.000001428353,0.0001134177,0.6404762,0.00001088183,0.0001619131,0.3524666,0.001351323,0.004926892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007846589,0.00003745934,0.003507644,0.0005763525,0.00001037436,0.0002973336,0.7003615,0.00018323,0.0003771202,0.06257773,0.2320247,0.00003864312],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4413408,0.03176355,0.004251332,0.08039771,0.00140822,0.0000451117,0.00006321021,0.00004873303,0.4406814],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9862397,0.003448212,0.0004617805,0.003314711,0.0002492181,0.00002311196,0.00001293741,0.00002696185,0.006223232],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04064373,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08933765,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3124106265","doi":"10.3138/utlj.4005","title":"Law in the future","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Law; Political science; Law and economics; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Benjamin Alarie","is_ca":true},{"name":"Anthony Niblett","is_ca":true},{"name":"Albert Yoon","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02069568511437597,"gpt":0.2727627974300204,"spread":0.2520671123156444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002347351,0.0004334424,0.0004085351,0.001071851,0.01282798,0.01337246,0.0007444176,0.005968643,0.0409144],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004595334,0.0003158109,0.0003133872,0.001174177,0.01859035,0.007672908,0.003361222,0.006595137,0.004019076],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02819576,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0264224,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.38442,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.590353,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982881,0.0004680557,0.00004461232,0.0002573473,0.0004784248,0.0004634731],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978164,0.0004121951,0.0001174619,0.0002620325,0.0005197371,0.0008722788],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008258223,0.000009300186,0.0003118537,0.00002446231,0.000003184381,0.00005212106,0.00279195,0.00006395769,0.00004468178,0.7865732,0.2024279,0.007689096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003958767,0.000004979343,0.0007215771,0.0001067932,0.000003608371,0.00003029795,0.002683618,0.00006469447,0.00003485152,0.07724342,0.9190942,0.000007990724],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.004546985,0.03952317,0.000817073,0.2547196,0.002383965,0.00001778607,0.0002904031,0.00006134804,0.6976398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2886679,0.01764338,0.0006798096,0.03524536,0.002432865,0.00003318501,0.0002436034,0.00009690977,0.654957],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.764365,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025174668","doi":"10.3138/utlj.63.2.091212","title":"OPINION WRITING AND AUTHORSHIP ON THE SUPREME COURT OF CANADA","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Supreme court; Legal writing; Argument (complex analysis); Law; Style (visual arts); Writing style; Government (linguistics); Political science; Dissenting opinion; Judicial opinion; Staffing; Sociology; Literature; Linguistics; Philosophy; Art; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Kelly Bodwin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey S. Rosenthal","is_ca":false},{"name":"Albert Yoon","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02371204143060945,"gpt":0.2274992970317094,"spread":0.2037872556010999,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003661403,0.0001962829,0.0003656153,0.003344817,0.01318171,0.007555307,0.0007549886,0.0006384432,0.007402324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04359773,0.0001621807,0.0001755741,0.006732144,0.005450422,0.001372177,0.002362951,0.001257122,0.0005743552],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.04245717,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0504487,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8770632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9552222,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9918629,0.001156319,0.0002569493,0.0004780226,0.004740896,0.001504949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9469659,0.01327643,0.007479422,0.001660308,0.02488978,0.005728179],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000227467,0.000136166,0.2412684,0.0002142498,0.00007348415,0.002384699,0.3747688,0.0007669154,0.00208075,0.07990511,0.0891407,0.2090333],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002974873,0.00005738184,0.5831518,0.0005824088,0.00004893911,0.000558115,0.1734105,0.00127965,0.001228267,0.009869003,0.2296082,0.000176069],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8068046,0.001626733,0.0002520592,0.007670258,0.0002184672,0.00003745872,0.0007263353,0.00003042568,0.1826336],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9860244,0.0005977962,0.0002160861,0.0003181569,0.00005049074,0.000005862441,0.0001636796,0.00002356277,0.01259981],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1229368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3080497,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2021608390","doi":"10.3138/utlj.63.2.070812ra","title":"RELATIONAL AUTONOMY AND INDIVIDUALITY","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Multicultural Socio-Legal Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Autonomy; Individualism; Independence (probability theory); Relational theory; Epistemology; Sociology; Law; Political science; Law and economics; Social psychology; Psychology; Philosophy; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Marilyn Friedman","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03045350251775319,"gpt":0.2505324012269758,"spread":0.2200788987092226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00189855,0.0001628617,0.000277358,0.0007673699,0.001825954,0.003210877,0.0006501166,0.0007325739,0.004609032],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002631469,0.00009643161,0.0002509139,0.0007957626,0.01220706,0.004164081,0.00365661,0.001367767,0.0003736292],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001784071,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001714531,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002367281,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001502645,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981017,0.0007619716,0.00007898283,0.000320317,0.0005100359,0.0002269495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987019,0.0006151184,0.00019092,0.000158396,0.0001448489,0.0001886511],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003222082,0.000006155697,0.0004919979,0.00007606968,0.00000619408,0.00007172973,0.004707367,0.0001120676,0.00008828707,0.9788682,0.0009879365,0.0145806],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005385744,0.00002333335,0.003273673,0.0003175688,0.00001121578,0.0005789064,0.005458337,0.0001694501,0.0001811434,0.7547675,0.235199,0.00001452495],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08090195,0.1094116,0.02441938,0.02832765,0.000723576,0.00004499747,0.0000758172,0.00005857649,0.7560365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9580573,0.02450307,0.001702983,0.001738894,0.0006456536,0.000033149,0.00004543713,0.00001742021,0.01325602],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004609032,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01541871,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4233044663","doi":"10.3138/utlj.60.1.41","title":"DEFERENCE, DEFIANCE, AND DOCTRINE: DEFINING THE LIMITS OF JUDICIAL REVIEW","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Deference; Political science; Judicial review; Law; Statute; Standard of review; Doctrine; Legitimacy; Law and economics; Judicial deference; Substantive due process; Supreme court; Context (archaeology); Separation of powers; Legislature; Sociology; Politics","authors":[{"name":"T.R.S. Allan","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01872079232334788,"gpt":0.2624389055036149,"spread":0.243718113180267,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.04086169,0.0003286551,0.001065209,0.004345259,0.004357731,0.01801937,0.00260039,0.007880401,0.002084512],"category_scores_gemma":[0.09487025,0.0006710725,0.0005020188,0.001804531,0.0423133,0.01277532,0.006199467,0.006604488,0.0005345685],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01141166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01266407,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01037699,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01069253,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9605327,0.01870534,0.002991993,0.003495522,0.01137985,0.002894512],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9221348,0.05479332,0.004457757,0.006662581,0.009185878,0.002765763],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003878371,0.000003657206,0.0001530454,0.00001285486,0.000001550389,0.00002534757,0.0005322674,0.0001324541,0.00006032954,0.9942821,0.0009775391,0.003814932],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001407336,0.00002038241,0.0004224601,0.0002234192,0.000005937562,0.0000892222,0.0004697933,0.0007466919,0.0001450655,0.9565376,0.04129941,0.00002591013],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05860707,0.08738241,0.125778,0.07979871,0.001237503,0.0003192688,0.0001765586,0.0001871258,0.6465134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9435099,0.008843266,0.02057558,0.007144206,0.00171509,0.0003302866,0.00006506372,0.00008545136,0.01773108],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04086169,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2160998,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W287731110","doi":"10.3138/utlj.102412r","title":"Philosophical Interventions: Reviews 1986–2011","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Wittgensteinian philosophy and applications","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Variety (cybernetics); Craft; Intermediary; Psychological intervention; Sociology; Psychology; History; Computer science; Business; Marketing; Archaeology; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Sanford Levinson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06107641061088669,"gpt":0.2334037655490417,"spread":0.172327354938155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00323025,0.001174243,0.001126433,0.0109284,0.0006513495,0.002337178,0.0009456822,0.001953824,0.01144381],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02061803,0.0008766188,0.0007575701,0.01004853,0.001941387,0.003010329,0.00206989,0.002785949,0.004433851],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008949531,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01181382,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009130809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02522603,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997421,0.0007782399,0.0004333305,0.0003328496,0.0008745874,0.0001599474],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.986016,0.006816621,0.001864498,0.0006286093,0.004256409,0.0004178397],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001733027,0.00005444299,0.0002589499,0.03942552,0.000143609,0.00006359363,0.0005128764,0.000237172,0.0005188077,0.01415257,0.3974728,0.5469863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000108476,0.00001441166,0.001237458,0.02247971,0.00005692449,0.00006929398,0.00007452814,0.00001200874,0.0001224896,0.0006667732,0.9752468,0.000008647473],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001020902,0.992168,0.00009830891,0.001989726,0.001467659,0.00001440905,0.00009566139,0.00001178224,0.004052397],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.002047184,0.9894588,0.0003342582,0.003020752,0.001047721,0.00005816505,0.0001581331,0.00001963824,0.003855367],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01144381,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06493372,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125541929","doi":"10.1353/tlj.2005.0007","title":"A Network Effects Perspective on Software Piracy","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Copyright and Intellectual Property","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Copying; Business; Intellectual property; Government (linguistics); Legislation; Legislature; Software; Computer security; Law; Political science; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Ariel Katz","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00991715124233946,"gpt":0.1909535129673466,"spread":0.1810363617250071,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002302492,0.0007315801,0.0005491161,0.002909458,0.002004967,0.003911262,0.001607705,0.003478573,0.02146787],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006326793,0.0003791691,0.0008895488,0.001557399,0.006228088,0.007995555,0.002956383,0.002647997,0.001264111],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003835283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001124144,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00406175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002668321,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998201,0.0006879714,0.00004505946,0.0002779507,0.0005025872,0.0002853667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9923289,0.004926428,0.001255034,0.0005472057,0.0006111217,0.0003312725],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001194944,0.0000250134,0.0008076734,0.00004607878,0.00001218757,0.0001835095,0.0002224355,0.003329111,0.0001220967,0.9887975,0.001492246,0.0049502],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002189801,0.00005732573,0.001212587,0.0001117498,0.00003844882,0.0003751919,0.0003485818,0.01348446,0.0002454192,0.9610333,0.02304485,0.00002625828],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07619151,0.006600079,0.1656473,0.03498852,0.0005295196,0.0001548283,0.0004748376,0.0001745947,0.715239],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9395623,0.008162866,0.007924268,0.002059341,0.001054758,0.0001391584,0.0000886646,0.00007105395,0.04093752],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02146787,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07181716,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2004751260","doi":"10.3138/utlj.2505","title":"The role of reparative justice in responding to the legacy of Indian Residential Schools","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Economic Justice; Settlement (finance); Wrongdoing; Plaintiff; Commission; Political science; Order (exchange); Compensation (psychology); Law; Payment; Value (mathematics); Business; Finance; Psychology; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Mayo Moran","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01003939497198805,"gpt":0.2619166616636476,"spread":0.2518772666916596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02521123,0.0003359445,0.0004606182,0.002254476,0.02286714,0.02892493,0.003948219,0.01226405,0.004367214],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03048141,0.0004200616,0.0006094087,0.002057533,0.05658096,0.01286901,0.01472983,0.01556438,0.0007850953],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01262627,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03060682,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01983826,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0379883,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9658484,0.01807367,0.0008632245,0.002513652,0.004942799,0.007758341],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9747776,0.01304862,0.002962177,0.002119374,0.003409975,0.003682256],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001296906,0.00004331538,0.001116933,0.0000838312,0.000008352909,0.0006114212,0.0186535,0.0003051662,0.0002141785,0.9486973,0.009103476,0.02114972],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002359667,0.0001504972,0.00413829,0.0008593581,0.00005774477,0.001434287,0.08271217,0.001756611,0.001255391,0.5572036,0.350229,0.0001794282],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07114941,0.01259286,0.0181325,0.3421396,0.001918771,0.0001766043,0.0000265303,0.0001948412,0.5536688],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9483284,0.002943292,0.002745956,0.03159764,0.0009747642,0.00006095321,0.000007173115,0.00004881156,0.01329307],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9873737,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1333313,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2784246330","doi":"10.3138/utlj.2017-0073","title":"Gender identity, gender pronouns, and freedom of expression: Bill C-16 and the traction of specious legal claims","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Opposition (politics); Law; Political science; Politics; Legislature; Human rights; Legislation; Jurisdiction; Sociology; Binary opposition; Freedom of expression; Epistemology; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Brenda Cossman","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01204984575812998,"gpt":0.2087044058289138,"spread":0.1966545600707839,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006398253,0.0003582028,0.0004167405,0.00218533,0.01611434,0.01257074,0.001060748,0.004238084,0.00336427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01434241,0.0003678456,0.0002102927,0.002573132,0.08176017,0.00694656,0.004577181,0.005087316,0.0003220884],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02182079,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01158826,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2792382,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3327356,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9944165,0.002490117,0.0001588567,0.0005279893,0.001565176,0.0008413821],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98962,0.007065004,0.001149699,0.0005707423,0.001093485,0.0005009999],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002495548,0.00001578164,0.003212022,0.0000397055,0.000002945839,0.0002358144,0.2060454,0.00005307643,0.0001259906,0.7717106,0.004937694,0.01359586],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000298564,0.00004072038,0.02398745,0.0007979918,0.00003734297,0.0005959164,0.4379615,0.0007740739,0.001211898,0.2609328,0.2735374,0.00009300991],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3347487,0.01149922,0.005377981,0.1194283,0.0009117078,0.00003934573,0.0001146216,0.00003251887,0.5278476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894781,0.001106708,0.0003811581,0.002013084,0.0001286869,0.000009473985,0.00001873084,0.0000153488,0.00684882],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7207618,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5552256,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}