{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":40,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":40,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"a59fcbbfd255","filters":{"venue":"Vacuum"}},"results":[{"id":"W3018781214","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2020.109314","title":"Internal surface roughness enhancement of parts made by laser powder-bed fusion additive manufacturing","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; FedDev Ontario; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","keywords":"Fusion; Materials science; Surface roughness; Electropolishing; Surface finish; Inconel; Laser; Inconel 625; Work (physics); Composite material; Optics; Microstructure; Mechanical engineering; Electrode; Chemistry; Alloy; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01124268265952892,"gpt":0.208932193706882,"spread":0.1976895110473531,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005072008,0.0002155503,0.0002619191,0.00002003192,0.00004010367,0.00003518672,0.0001698208,0.00006449391,0.001897359],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009934045,0.0001993315,0.00005110696,0.00004753517,0.0000249858,0.0001398882,0.00009071289,0.0001163159,0.00008881457],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000287937,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008061377,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002257857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001669205,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990619,0.00002435143,0.0002646306,0.0002204227,0.0001754888,0.000253234],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996383,0.00005034194,0.00007109464,0.0001126792,0.00002664735,0.0001009286],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001674098,0.0000756376,0.00006310188,0.0008839266,0.0001923941,0.00002814086,0.001809022,0.003136383,0.9397753,0.00002407484,0.04813806,0.005706522],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002709772,0.00007040361,0.0002389281,0.00008041879,0.00001486619,0.000001025466,0.00008462039,0.0002883367,0.9707547,0.00007260692,0.02791082,0.0002123017],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919954,0.0001893713,0.005248048,0.0001700585,0.0003689829,0.0001402901,0.0003278059,0.0001615082,0.00139856],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999002,0.0001733223,0.0002018504,0.0001214763,0.0001498266,0.00001108377,0.000100894,0.00003928979,0.0002002558],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03097937,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999015,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2594414205","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2017.03.015","title":"Features of microstructure of ZrN, Si 3 N 4 and ZrN/SiN x nanoscale films irradiated by Xe ions","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Ion-surface interactions and analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Research Nova Scotia; Russian Science Foundation; Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research","keywords":"Materials science; Amorphous solid; Irradiation; Nanocrystalline material; Microstructure; Ion; Sputtering; Sputter deposition; Nanoscopic scale; Layer (electronics); Xenon; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Composite material; Thin film; Crystallography; Nanotechnology; Atomic physics; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003806878607488587,"gpt":0.2112224414248596,"spread":0.207415562817371,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002759576,0.00009682672,0.0001834379,0.00005538964,0.00009849003,0.00003930447,0.0001278961,0.00008192632,0.0001187193],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001831829,0.00008486898,0.00006676991,0.0000601009,0.00004853095,0.0000990749,0.00002717201,0.000107523,0.000004163632],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007997731,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005580088,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002295583,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006133665,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995791,0.000007258041,0.0001448366,0.00009648161,0.00006214299,0.0001101914],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995574,0.00002009039,0.0000713208,0.0002701387,0.00004350497,0.00003749365],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004937935,0.00001562946,0.001959101,0.00004436672,0.0001063918,0.000001130733,0.0001553355,0.0003247763,0.9487422,0.00002295077,0.04776936,0.0008537981],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006988999,0.00006762226,0.3135836,0.0001639238,0.0001939167,0.00001864128,0.000305688,0.006296432,0.6413588,0.0001785358,0.03671717,0.000416837],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.996756,0.0008757161,0.00004059722,0.0001467,0.0002724639,0.00004322469,0.0002504452,0.00002899003,0.001585818],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979659,0.000151446,0.0004389708,0.000008638621,0.00002131001,0.000001612894,0.00002284735,0.00001384196,0.001375476],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3116245,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3460857,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2803924914","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2018.05.039","title":"Organic heterostructures obtained on ZnO/Ag/ZnO electrode","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science; Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale School of Medicine","keywords":"Materials science; Indium tin oxide; OLED; Heterojunction; Sputtering; Electrode; Evaporation; Optoelectronics; Transmittance; Organic semiconductor; Chemical engineering; Thin film; Nanotechnology; Layer (electronics); Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004265662841157617,"gpt":0.1909658673042396,"spread":0.186700204463082,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006848446,0.0002151124,0.0001686896,0.00007210243,0.0001008019,0.00004746574,0.000224621,0.0001224399,0.0008066311],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001532148,0.0001995764,0.0000533619,0.0002641593,0.00002574438,0.00004896469,0.00002729307,0.0002806251,0.0004044774],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001241472,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003603423,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009475332,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008069961,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989297,0.00001438726,0.0001641438,0.0002179661,0.0001520864,0.0005217214],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994498,0.00002636243,0.00002237924,0.0003706113,0.00003879656,0.00009203836],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001263432,0.00001126897,0.00007779965,0.0000135362,0.00004578428,0.000003004507,0.0001389198,0.00002236363,0.9884942,0.0009464794,0.00992962,0.0003044148],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002657424,0.0003619913,0.0006379947,0.000008799002,0.00001407536,0.00001292187,0.000005409755,0.001678728,0.9648433,0.003029531,0.02888424,0.0002572295],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994163,0.0002610437,0.0003371459,0.00009001664,0.0006426772,0.0001254422,0.00001096624,0.0004676898,0.003902034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983125,0.0000745887,0.00009237188,0.0003639817,0.000599761,0.000005250366,0.00001236587,0.000084732,0.0004544063],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02365084,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8832045,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979924196","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2004.07.011","title":"Amorphous films of Ag–As–S system prepared by spin-coating technique, preparation techniques and films physico-chemical properties","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Phase-change materials and chalcogenides","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Chalcogenide; Amorphous solid; Materials science; Spin coating; Coating; Chemical engineering; Carbon film; Thin film; Diffraction; Optics; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Crystallography; Optoelectronics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.015636636317495,"gpt":0.2561837497684183,"spread":0.2405471134509233,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002780134,0.0002276312,0.0003616313,0.00005396099,0.0001045599,0.00009935471,0.000206285,0.0001346356,0.00005670394],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002827464,0.0001860904,0.0000548156,0.0001040278,0.000131541,0.000254236,0.0001419384,0.00005589737,0.00001821644],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005545801,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005109574,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004459136,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003476884,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985811,0.0000519093,0.0004375199,0.0003975407,0.0002514564,0.0002805228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992462,0.00001533655,0.0002691585,0.0003059194,0.00009190549,0.00007145265],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001044261,0.00007782481,0.000004819063,0.0003432352,0.000007388927,0.000006780165,0.0006069391,0.000002746837,0.9979849,0.0002051324,0.0005760157,0.00007978972],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002794127,0.0002679643,0.000002151683,0.0004531776,0.0000240899,0.00009844021,0.0003267407,0.00004153855,0.9978977,0.0002711284,0.0001165747,0.0002210744],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971102,0.0003963819,0.0003304731,0.0000307708,0.00009691426,0.0008296879,0.0001130688,0.0004423606,0.0006501091],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929879,0.00002380701,0.006328377,0.00002415271,0.00008121532,0.0004337559,0.0000252878,0.00003184115,0.00006371818],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005997904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7588548,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400623880","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113469","title":"Atmospheric plasma sprayed Cu coating on Cu–B/diamond composite for electronic packaging application","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Advanced materials and composites","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"China Scholarship Council; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Composite number; Diamond; Plasma; Materials science; Coating; Copper; Atmospheric-pressure plasma; Electronic packaging; Composite material; Chemical engineering; Metallurgy; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00472319044230485,"gpt":0.2181279278005038,"spread":0.213404737358199,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000634739,0.000164517,0.00015092,0.00001654463,0.00008062942,0.00009811514,0.00009788117,0.0000489225,0.00001395706],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002929059,0.0001620564,0.00005495948,0.0001488162,0.000007937275,0.0001066733,0.00001746297,0.0001110599,0.00008915447],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001040976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001106208,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005313684,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005292611,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992095,0.000007479424,0.0001718629,0.0002182622,0.00006656045,0.0003263793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996641,0.0001024623,0.00002114829,0.0001574412,0.00001507736,0.00003974394],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002168166,0.00001297449,0.00006107031,0.0002251097,0.00004467904,0.00000187962,0.00009300472,0.02504895,0.9547682,0.006134094,0.0005426413,0.01304572],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002727056,0.00009909958,0.0001194394,0.0001062298,0.00003502079,0.000006412398,0.000022698,0.7038013,0.2623472,0.003958451,0.02892431,0.0003072097],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7591124,0.0009071311,0.2376979,0.00008631839,0.000410986,0.0003459908,0.00001851133,0.0008152854,0.0006054565],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924307,0.00006905438,0.006783761,0.00003804409,0.0002397073,0.0001837656,0.00004842916,0.00007233949,0.000134131],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.692421,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6608468,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068409281","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2014.07.032","title":"Sharp folded graphene ribbons formed by CO2 laser ablation for electron field emission studies","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Graphene research and applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","keywords":"Field electron emission; Graphene; Materials science; Electron; Laser ablation; Ablation; Laser; Field (mathematics); Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02412414288777465,"gpt":0.3257220442463989,"spread":0.3015979013586242,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003794379,0.0001101513,0.0001534254,0.00006112859,0.0003040457,0.00004914836,0.0001851375,0.00005971854,0.00007932461],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002225578,0.00008778185,0.00007004182,0.0001776508,0.00003465128,0.0001316988,0.00004379065,0.0000612387,0.00004243779],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002378656,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002572827,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002537423,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002642821,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989448,0.00004121692,0.0001791324,0.0002615128,0.0001876184,0.0003856793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991189,0.0003459625,0.0000670673,0.0002396213,0.0001192177,0.0001092066],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003732232,0.00004161941,0.0001241208,0.00002741045,0.00001012789,4.754006e-8,0.00004939763,0.000001559154,0.8563384,0.002917667,0.1399214,0.0005310063],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004621682,0.0002363012,0.0002287462,0.00001730633,0.00001484158,4.824282e-7,0.00004307151,0.0003374853,0.9357038,0.03674141,0.02609724,0.0001172001],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9752399,0.0003323226,0.01959615,0.003488377,0.0001043956,0.0005739559,0.00005887009,0.0001111894,0.0004948265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970433,0.00008562671,0.001146507,0.0002156853,0.00009020034,0.0004128693,0.00006329174,0.00001339789,0.0009291365],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1138241,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.357964,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389298417","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112856","title":"A study on adsorption, dissociation, penetration, and diffusion of nitrogen on and in α-Ti via First-principles calculations","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Metal and Thin Film Mechanics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Dissociation (chemistry); Adsorption; Molecule; Chemistry; Diffusion barrier; Chemical physics; Diffusion; Surface diffusion; Activation energy; Titanium; Atom (system on chip); Sticking coefficient; Diffusion process; Physical chemistry; Computational chemistry; Thermodynamics; Layer (electronics); Desorption","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02843518145749133,"gpt":0.2362323540347953,"spread":0.207797172577304,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016398,0.00008264978,0.0001171502,0.0001461225,0.000048826,0.00001159963,0.00003484193,0.00004360213,0.000009622726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000412095,0.00007666231,0.00001525449,0.0002719924,0.000005450303,0.00004601146,0.00002478891,0.00006363032,0.00001356577],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002000424,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003485066,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002084109,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002719422,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994489,0.00002353724,0.0001845215,0.0001188072,0.0001335259,0.00009071167],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997701,0.00004529621,0.00002745619,0.000102685,0.00002233628,0.00003213793],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008178529,0.0008210812,0.8870758,0.0002810991,0.0001905431,0.00001696596,0.01821228,0.02680195,0.04769693,0.01665554,0.0008578181,0.001308237],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005148094,0.0001270094,0.8669571,0.00003408601,0.00001598967,7.936343e-7,0.0003829018,0.1262808,0.00163791,0.003725941,0.0002041257,0.0001185363],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991928,0.00003048942,0.0001524436,0.00005708637,0.0001350322,0.0002279872,0.00001184361,0.00007566848,0.0001166084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997475,0.00004380867,0.0000314884,0.00001042654,0.00002087376,0.00002447253,0.00001871782,0.00001223677,0.00009051368],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09947881,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3126198,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2803900939","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2018.05.031","title":"Anisotropic Charpy impact behavior of novel interpenetrating phase composites","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"South China University of Technology; Guangzhou Science and Technology Program key projects; National Development and Reform Commission; China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Charpy impact test; Materials science; Composite material; Fracture toughness; Anisotropy; Toughness; Fracture (geology); Alloy; Izod impact strength test; Fiber; Volume fraction; Necking; Phase (matter); Tearing; Brittleness; Fractography; Ultimate tensile strength","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02315496801930321,"gpt":0.2848691764915922,"spread":0.261714208472289,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004843611,0.0001810798,0.0002182614,0.0000963319,0.0000506519,0.00003372508,0.0002314388,0.00005827635,0.0001786992],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006650699,0.0001580888,0.0000840724,0.0001425296,0.00008470615,0.0001610163,0.00006047443,0.0001040822,0.00005333977],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006010117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001422987,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004566465,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000123637,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992182,0.000009884504,0.0002719352,0.0001407879,0.0001075146,0.0002516838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995239,0.00002425815,0.00004612312,0.0002619418,0.00007462341,0.0000690949],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001896595,0.0001528313,0.004280763,0.00002783182,0.00005465093,0.000002527895,0.0004251852,0.0001058416,0.9931835,0.00004907833,0.0001621657,0.001536684],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001372398,0.0009856944,0.01271641,0.00008964045,0.00006028396,0.00003371742,0.00004837399,0.08329912,0.9009354,0.00001357416,0.0001306337,0.0003147307],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9926215,0.0001645124,0.005409653,0.000007491923,0.0002770443,0.0001600417,0.00003098646,0.0002251731,0.001103544],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950059,0.000005543323,0.00468538,0.00001440091,0.0001692662,0.00001578016,0.00001121888,0.00004445313,0.00004804185],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09224805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6446674,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041889332","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2014.12.025","title":"Electron microscopy study on grain boundary characterizations of Fe–Co–V alloy during annealing","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Annealing (glass); Grain boundary; Materials science; Microstructure; Recrystallization (geology); Alloy; Crystallography; Electron microscope; Diffraction; Metallurgy; Condensed matter physics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Optics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01705338902417659,"gpt":0.2588984828678495,"spread":0.2418450938436729,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001166292,0.0001528342,0.0002035706,0.00008316235,0.00006665976,0.00003483421,0.0001563707,0.00006211072,0.00001721779],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001610235,0.0001385153,0.00004365166,0.0001165499,0.00001614447,0.0001023348,0.00002948907,0.0001660554,0.00003171269],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006000484,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002414613,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001095452,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000042403,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991683,0.0000244131,0.000245743,0.0001617774,0.0001403919,0.0002593986],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995816,0.000008949532,0.00003663631,0.0002361444,0.00004161836,0.00009503594],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000400265,0.00004725763,0.0002238851,0.00003663104,0.0000400158,0.000003904793,0.001152075,0.000206329,0.9977036,0.00002799977,0.0004336613,0.00008459355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007593054,0.0003702229,0.00331551,0.00004033977,0.00002018455,0.000005156891,0.000333859,0.0002160741,0.9902088,0.00007991049,0.004441062,0.0002095624],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983724,0.000201511,0.0001392105,0.00004560504,0.0003547447,0.0002663725,0.00002375441,0.0001570245,0.0004393204],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993994,0.00001730325,0.0001288921,0.00004583903,0.0001084029,0.0000113238,0.00002119084,0.00004150993,0.0002261249],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007494808,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5648489,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2977306363","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2018.08.035","title":"Enhancement of bioactivity of glass by deposition of nanofibrous Ti using high intensity laser induced reverse transfer method","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Bone Tissue Engineering Materials","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Deposition (geology); Laser; Intensity (physics); Materials science; Chemical engineering; Pulsed laser deposition; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Optics; Thin film; Biology; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01703038402469306,"gpt":0.2433226315532941,"spread":0.226292247528601,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002003426,0.0001379472,0.0003874284,0.00007994054,0.00001302779,0.00000334659,0.00007924531,0.0001056024,0.00006249828],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009879263,0.0001452901,0.00004964076,0.0001588926,0.00004077023,0.0000992792,0.00002157434,0.00005457691,0.000003334543],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005540819,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001004789,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004952088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007838493,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999208,0.00004204854,0.0003331512,0.0001265661,0.0001385065,0.0001517642],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995633,0.00002907197,0.00005268335,0.0002244414,0.00009659102,0.00003387956],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004736463,0.00004280544,0.00001148899,0.0002510326,0.00007723542,6.940772e-7,0.0002595991,0.0002786092,0.9985186,0.00002083481,0.000125854,0.0003658794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002715551,0.0001452738,0.0002413396,0.0001091599,0.00005489403,0.000003406895,0.00001690988,0.003358851,0.9956024,0.00002058608,0.00005312426,0.0001225145],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8055164,0.00002215197,0.193773,0.000007631257,0.0004384864,0.0001173768,0.00005682808,0.00004529289,0.00002279805],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9770223,0.000005486208,0.02287176,0.000004170126,0.00004082992,0.000003133359,0.000008218708,0.00002873937,0.00001530218],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1715059,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.592476,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054568598","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2014.05.023","title":"Considerations for the physical vapor deposition of high molar mass organic compounds","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Angstrom Engineering (Canada); University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Molar mass; Chemical vapor deposition; Context (archaeology); Yield (engineering); Deposition (geology); Molar ratio; Materials science; Vapor pressure; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Nanotechnology; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Organic chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Geology; Catalysis","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007203284934661896,"gpt":0.1965547075407664,"spread":0.1893514226061045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006772044,0.00006881576,0.0001017176,0.00001503428,0.00007889966,0.00001869806,0.00005811205,0.00003364109,0.00002458145],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001757844,0.00005439052,0.00004015077,0.00006349416,0.00001301539,0.00002890631,0.000007076133,0.00008134214,0.000006625161],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023249,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001571742,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000126839,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002489743,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996411,0.00001038035,0.00009974866,0.00006496481,0.00006187904,0.0001219569],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994792,0.0002882479,0.00001979865,0.0001546191,0.00003749517,0.00002065692],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002006429,0.00001640318,0.00001288735,0.00002383731,0.00004400687,1.235585e-7,0.00009199847,0.000852829,0.9750056,0.02226541,0.001612576,0.00007238738],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002340313,0.00007328451,0.0001652088,0.000004305773,0.00004829385,0.000003705591,0.000007848244,0.1199024,0.8443748,0.03408242,0.001025419,0.00007830621],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8850251,0.0001785561,0.1132621,0.0004641133,0.0003260445,0.0002812389,0.00003691253,0.0001227114,0.0003032318],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990283,0.00001408344,0.000697823,0.0000489079,0.0001412425,0.00001462839,0.00001037619,0.00002267072,0.00002196],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1306308,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2217981,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391578362","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113042","title":"Implementing high entropy alloy synthesis via friction stir processing: Simultaneous solid-state alloying and ultra-refinement of copper","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"High Entropy Alloys Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"King Saud University; Jamia Millia Islamia; Toronto Metropolitan University","keywords":"Microstructure; Friction stir processing; Materials science; Alloy; Grain size; Metallurgy; Copper; High entropy alloys","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00733701267197275,"gpt":0.2310408596243382,"spread":0.2237038469523654,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001914668,0.0002774638,0.0003271317,0.0001651513,0.0001610016,0.00009082984,0.0001051185,0.00005598676,0.00006788407],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004990037,0.0002557322,0.00006524213,0.0002327969,0.00003909892,0.0001492995,0.00006590256,0.0001521791,0.00002150354],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001123591,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001737711,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006321574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004341729,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984015,0.00002455641,0.0004487292,0.0003113919,0.0002635508,0.0005503037],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994013,0.000260124,0.00005250296,0.0001491335,0.00006180348,0.0000751582],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001810958,0.00004322595,0.0008201252,0.001440073,0.0005509924,0.00007144194,0.002281418,0.02480073,0.946137,0.0002477736,0.0007832202,0.02280592],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006436541,0.000167287,0.001134681,0.0008107269,0.0005171209,0.00004323518,0.000742752,0.4540742,0.5030437,0.0003270846,0.03751758,0.0009779149],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9808441,0.00314924,0.01329929,0.0002896486,0.0005736877,0.0003803834,0.00006881966,0.0009456183,0.0004492216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997559,0.0006559689,0.001359364,0.00001489507,0.0001102828,0.00006090249,0.000008712615,0.00007485409,0.0001560786],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4430932,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999895,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405527287","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113959","title":"Effects of wet chemical etching on surface band bending and electrical properties of Sn-doped β-Ga2O3 (101) substrate","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Ga2O3 and related materials","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province; State Key Laboratory of Robotics; National Natural Science Foundation of China; State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials","keywords":"Substrate (aquarium); Materials science; Doping; Band bending; Etching (microfabrication); Isotropic etching; Bending; Optoelectronics; Dry etching; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01153168395134255,"gpt":0.2240032824583459,"spread":0.2124715985070034,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003670009,0.0001590571,0.0003448852,0.00007163844,0.00004476633,0.00008123499,0.0001279364,0.0001317349,0.00005366096],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006252002,0.0001080611,0.00004894399,0.0001529315,0.00008866328,0.0001159007,0.000050868,0.0001367044,0.00002941706],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002080063,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004518752,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000420251,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.158422e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988239,0.0000886678,0.0003283978,0.0002897822,0.000206979,0.0002622772],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995487,0.0001594958,0.00007479537,0.0001237777,0.00002804095,0.00006515983],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009475448,0.00004624434,0.00004001215,0.0008339125,0.0000220943,0.0000176419,0.000417704,0.0000144829,0.9978328,0.0005381087,0.00007891858,0.00006329187],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002698098,0.0001461223,0.0002812917,0.0006140548,0.00005129024,0.00001351182,0.00001582636,0.0002342779,0.997918,0.0002802008,0.00004915811,0.0001265087],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967862,0.002033446,0.00001122268,0.00006852778,0.000522161,0.0002112419,0.000009197146,0.00007461439,0.0002834285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995086,0.0001139943,0.0001444711,0.00001024333,0.00005402767,0.000004839673,0.00000168721,0.00002105416,0.0001410614],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002722461,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4406603,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4223592516","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2022.111076","title":"On the nucleation site and formation sequence of secondary phases during isothermal high-temperature aging of wire arc additively manufactured PH13–8Mo stainless steel","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Ocean Frontier Institute; Dalhousie University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Martensite; Lath; Nucleation; Materials science; Carbide; Isothermal process; Austenite; Metallurgy; Microstructure; Composite material; Thermodynamics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007614349758225836,"gpt":0.1870524294305641,"spread":0.1794380796723383,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001224756,0.0001453795,0.0001721177,0.00008211072,0.0002163618,0.00003176355,0.0001062198,0.00003383995,0.0007651086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001326607,0.0001170828,0.0000293812,0.00007829513,0.00003944996,0.0002448827,0.00005860491,0.0001949981,0.000001107017],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004444037,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000134086,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001500841,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003380803,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992906,0.00006580989,0.000204446,0.0001256283,0.0001719423,0.000141552],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995915,0.0001124147,0.0001170009,0.0001201273,0.00003733272,0.0000216445],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001162828,0.00002801769,0.00002694835,0.0009539875,0.00005782674,0.000007714437,0.002769065,0.01008551,0.9831489,0.0005802318,0.0005603884,0.001665072],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003925641,0.00007523506,0.006673096,0.0001075469,0.00001548058,0.0000102206,0.0007349444,0.0004468563,0.9904445,0.0004150981,0.0005348449,0.0001495558],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974591,0.0001273535,0.00005490023,0.00007636703,0.0001223862,0.0001845184,0.001781169,0.00006461322,0.0001295741],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995602,0.00003821762,0.00004911462,0.00004722661,0.00004366963,0.00003066426,0.0001475876,0.00002585965,0.00005748556],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009638652,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8377402,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393237777","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113177","title":"Recyclable Cu-based monolith catalysts for peroxymonosulfate-activated degradation of organic dyes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Advanced oxidation water treatment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Tri Y Environmental Research Institute (Canada)","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Monolith; Degradation (telecommunications); Catalysis; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Computer science; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01467184798949988,"gpt":0.2471835179273843,"spread":0.2325116699378844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007930148,0.0001225962,0.0001187012,0.00005271202,0.00005904292,0.00002332446,0.0001081442,0.00004461862,0.0003898613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001668771,0.0001011784,0.00004801946,0.0002984314,0.00003898349,0.0002807546,0.00003420915,0.00004130563,0.0002414321],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002884345,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002455725,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001747368,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006133102,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991799,0.00001890531,0.0001875692,0.0002930312,0.0001423945,0.0001781997],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996049,0.00006009556,0.00005464785,0.0002188099,0.00001201446,0.00004955956],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004244706,0.0001006127,0.005116141,0.00004998698,0.00003522227,0.000002851012,0.0002102289,0.0008621395,0.987035,0.00006142641,0.001837486,0.004646475],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003309468,0.00009622083,0.003497292,0.00002784819,0.00003345801,0.000001392248,0.00003655833,0.004092823,0.9853199,0.0006390174,0.005798584,0.0001259428],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9754168,0.00007355274,0.02281468,0.0004975344,0.0001357959,0.0004266269,0.0000431368,0.0001356135,0.0004562603],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.987182,0.000008513601,0.009665048,0.00003066973,0.00001279766,0.0000765019,0.00016702,0.00002656934,0.002830875],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01314963,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4268708,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093280883","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2006.03.002","title":"Microstructure and mechanical properties of multi-constituent superlattice coatings","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Metal and Thin Film Mechanics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Superlattice; Microstructure; Materials science; Coating; Modulation (music); Substrate (aquarium); Nitride; Layer (electronics); Sputter deposition; Modulus; Composite material; Thin film; Sputtering; Nanotechnology; Optoelectronics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01408488741123711,"gpt":0.1826045922644375,"spread":0.1685197048532004,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006377582,0.0001016632,0.0001459716,0.0000278144,0.0000281239,0.00001359319,0.00006434778,0.00006981877,0.00002304692],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001062136,0.00007991224,0.00002919758,0.0000556733,0.0000268149,0.00005191665,0.0000335734,0.00009536758,0.000008642135],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008031557,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006005073,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005035403,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001329336,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995167,0.000008775694,0.0001690421,0.0000998351,0.00007824774,0.00012735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998215,0.000005351151,0.0000169314,0.00009991651,0.00002480386,0.00003151119],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000324661,0.00001245454,0.00004393098,0.000133865,0.000009526527,0.000001820121,0.00007366529,0.00004163139,0.9926438,0.006592997,0.0002324885,0.0002105458],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003508763,0.00001859399,0.000224153,0.00004818911,0.00002462803,0.00002607139,0.00004891366,0.01879357,0.9768643,0.0008479857,0.002606066,0.0001466117],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958278,0.001369237,0.001790282,0.00003438598,0.0004943909,0.000107842,0.0000137866,0.0001022819,0.0002600119],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956495,0.00002171615,0.003968092,0.00001958818,0.00003837569,0.000003929923,0.000002998994,0.00001438105,0.0002814812],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01875194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3258726,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2918733944","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2019.02.044","title":"Predicting the rarefied gas flow through circular nano/micro short tubes: A semi-empirical model","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Gas Dynamics and Kinetic Theory","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Persian Gulf University; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia","keywords":"Knudsen number; Flow (mathematics); Rarefaction (ecology); Mechanics; Free molecular flow; Volumetric flow rate; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Real gas; Statistical physics; Physics; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04038155058278697,"gpt":0.2960367637921348,"spread":0.2556552132093478,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005522631,0.0002563902,0.0003406359,0.00003680768,0.0001436538,0.00006581294,0.0004583195,0.0001749912,0.0001231238],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001121216,0.0001747263,0.000203282,0.0001591423,0.00005771473,0.00009251099,0.0002026212,0.0003410747,0.00009254015],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006387415,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008186495,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009248856,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003423177,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983289,0.00009334588,0.0003860493,0.0003858956,0.0003442459,0.0004615177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985852,0.0003426572,0.00005291483,0.0008746867,0.00007273816,0.00007177966],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004872534,0.002612759,0.07304639,0.002461628,0.002193491,0.0001631874,0.08683093,0.04835251,0.343468,0.3829514,0.05393884,0.003493603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005163879,0.00006416751,0.0001511424,0.0001046401,0.0001208073,0.00005858545,0.0006798659,0.7091887,0.001955215,0.2852893,0.001541066,0.0003301241],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9649636,0.0001449781,0.02534424,0.0007311546,0.0003282021,0.0005100932,0.00002861572,0.0001615239,0.007787613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9864654,0.00003172832,0.0113184,0.0006146746,0.0001467283,0.00003421771,0.00001210726,0.0000743397,0.00130238],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6608362,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7125133,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012835143","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2005.01.065","title":"Experimental results for change of H and Li ions stopping in metal foils with temperature","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Ion-surface interactions and analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"University of California","keywords":"FOIL method; Ion; Materials science; Atomic physics; Beam (structure); Range (aeronautics); Atmospheric temperature range; Phase (matter); Metal; Atom (system on chip); Paramagnetism; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Physics; Optics; Condensed matter physics; Thermodynamics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02011743330371319,"gpt":0.2620574852516796,"spread":0.2419400519479664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004087638,0.00006421934,0.0001106524,0.00008730384,0.00002401312,0.00001122162,0.00002632722,0.0000298957,0.000007945999],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003202481,0.00005279833,0.00003567251,0.0001056691,0.000007569357,0.000132667,0.000006887646,0.00005514462,0.000001063734],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002271248,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002796534,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002689819,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001088513,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996719,0.000004172688,0.0001152877,0.0000793048,0.00003942251,0.000089872],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998625,0.00001998358,0.00001630629,0.00006676262,0.00001459356,0.00001986825],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001234413,0.0002228179,0.000664643,0.0001762876,0.0002949893,0.000005804633,0.008272101,0.01705671,0.967737,0.0002628817,0.001257985,0.003925388],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003548293,0.0003732261,0.006008686,0.0006274575,0.0001439713,0.00001617576,0.005883368,0.1272737,0.8390415,0.0000126968,0.01645021,0.0006207207],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998221,0.0009989658,0.0001008743,0.0001948526,0.00003746697,0.0001030063,0.00003558692,0.0000237709,0.0002844709],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981056,0.00002850552,0.001611841,0.00001238316,0.00005641868,0.00003532139,0.000009701276,0.000009206356,0.0001310153],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1286955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2153053,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4376279793","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112179","title":"Improvement of the field emission lifetime of freestanding vertically aligned carbon nanotubes by coating with a metallic protective layer","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Carbon Nanotubes in Composites","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Carbon nanotube; Joule heating; Tungsten; Coating; Field electron emission; Current density; Composite material; Layer (electronics); Work function; Electric field; Melting point; Titanium; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009046525885823256,"gpt":0.2424218858811792,"spread":0.2333753599953559,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004049222,0.0001377088,0.0002560572,0.00005895437,0.00007560384,0.00002268076,0.0003240308,0.00006583978,0.00003928365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002716706,0.00008463728,0.00006744883,0.0004407315,0.00008280934,0.00005385263,0.0002787901,0.00006722258,0.000002512196],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004663799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006793998,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003525727,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001115863,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986383,0.00007273435,0.0003272358,0.0002536763,0.0004664704,0.0002416288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989051,0.0004067278,0.000171681,0.0003731307,0.00009926296,0.00004416411],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009559095,0.00003727174,0.0008365108,0.00006382252,0.00002258965,0.000001417145,0.0003644381,0.00001566937,0.9982163,0.00007439883,0.0002033079,0.00006868989],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003385254,0.0004557562,0.0002051958,0.0002108496,0.00004217138,0.000001281601,0.0001045691,0.0009493868,0.9972326,0.0003097413,0.00004047538,0.00010951],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982125,0.00004948146,0.0001590012,0.0004581219,0.0001689912,0.0005049136,0.00001934129,0.00006448648,0.0003632118],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992923,0.000002879047,0.0003986471,0.00006277245,0.00002497482,0.00005421375,0.000001272308,0.00001825866,0.0001447512],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00107978,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3451408,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024945113","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2013.05.003","title":"Interfacial electronic structures of Ca/MEH–PPV/Au studied by one and two photon photoemission spectroscopy","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Work function; Photoemission spectroscopy; Inverse photoemission spectroscopy; Substrate (aquarium); Spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy; Metal; Deposition (geology); Photon; Electronic structure; Chemistry; Atomic physics; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Optics; Physics; Computational chemistry; Metallurgy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004248332199871411,"gpt":0.2056985559665649,"spread":0.2014502237666935,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008306855,0.0002230233,0.0002975309,0.00006067462,0.00006301893,0.00003039352,0.0001520117,0.00009262723,0.0005628381],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008462181,0.0002101125,0.00004318323,0.0001450904,0.00003586074,0.00008309474,0.00005368471,0.0003188401,0.00001809405],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001945787,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006026677,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006816898,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001661426,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988199,0.00001730464,0.0002521483,0.0002169738,0.0001585057,0.0005351793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995732,0.0000276634,0.00005074503,0.000212629,0.00003498712,0.0001007561],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001378199,0.00002495587,0.0002692713,0.00004997701,0.00008344441,3.030675e-7,0.0002452639,0.00001162292,0.9946107,0.0002395543,0.00415829,0.0002928766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005724839,0.0002678355,0.0004079682,0.00001962134,0.00002931531,0.000003314604,0.0000362748,0.001805009,0.9898911,0.004194143,0.002556489,0.0002164067],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963201,0.001831909,0.0002214264,0.00003942892,0.0001534472,0.0003062661,0.00002537346,0.00008863487,0.001013399],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988614,0.0006779673,0.000121763,0.00002896122,0.00008051655,0.00001781972,0.00001535276,0.00004756187,0.000148698],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00471952,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.856814,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4365813844","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112105","title":"Revealing the interrelation between combined process parameters and geometrical deviations for building dimensionally stable and dense thin-walls using Laser Directed Energy Deposition","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Laser; Deposition (geology); Materials science; Process (computing); Energy (signal processing); Thin film; Optics; Pulsed laser deposition; Stability (learning theory); Scale (ratio); Geometry; Mechanics; Mathematics; Physics; Nanotechnology; Computer science; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02596546941897518,"gpt":0.2540780697807702,"spread":0.2281126003617951,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000167752,0.0001103884,0.0001363497,0.000120479,0.0002569373,0.0001197822,0.00004260401,0.00005671503,0.000003028145],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009655666,0.00008812307,0.0000178932,0.0002767098,0.00001847397,0.0001529538,0.000033544,0.00005535099,5.117578e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002534912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008117477,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004393421,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006412622,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994062,0.00002697656,0.0001693982,0.0001437889,0.00008779174,0.0001658848],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992358,0.0005697146,0.0000449519,0.00005680598,0.0000531274,0.0000396165],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005001805,0.000125963,0.01770609,0.004403743,0.001768216,0.00003021977,0.005429941,0.7909151,0.1527112,0.001809033,0.006065126,0.01853522],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008773057,0.000107382,0.03497985,0.0003774554,0.0002480821,0.00001362386,0.000162362,0.6360028,0.3130572,0.01317188,0.0004663412,0.0005357278],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9418541,0.0001024794,0.05743296,0.00008272121,0.0001020279,0.0001453572,0.00005164685,0.0002222777,0.000006502079],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975951,0.00004536737,0.0021029,0.00002932705,0.00005012466,0.00003334986,0.00009911519,0.00002548399,0.00001919058],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.160346,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3593555,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6884311414","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114589","title":"Spectroscopic ellipsometry and correlated studies of GaN films on 4H-SiC by MOCVD","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Photoluminescence; Raman spectroscopy; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy; Chemical vapor deposition; Ellipsometry; Wafer; Gallium nitride","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01339223348302062,"gpt":0.2788947694305188,"spread":0.2655025359474982,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006499725,0.0001289447,0.0002734365,0.00007334525,0.00005471873,0.00002001012,0.00007849783,0.00003294743,0.0003056095],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004391417,0.0001072273,0.0000404947,0.0001509313,0.00004507326,0.00003669883,0.00003075719,0.00007595577,0.0000209207],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009156035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000197834,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008725703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.752675e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999374,0.0000250526,0.0001969412,0.0001843865,0.00006416703,0.0001554286],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996151,0.00007341194,0.00008386205,0.0001635675,0.00003347721,0.0000305634],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003659926,0.0001944498,0.02773158,0.0001817987,0.0004414278,9.976325e-7,0.0003221591,0.000009200373,0.9236059,0.01078981,0.03558429,0.001101737],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009743843,0.0001933052,0.003027898,0.0002278588,0.0001071612,1.262935e-7,0.001155565,0.00004871382,0.983666,0.004526907,0.005871258,0.0002008274],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950157,0.001113859,0.00002976388,0.0001247052,0.0004676647,0.0001293223,0.00006925503,0.00001881254,0.003030897],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967029,0.00005540664,0.00004049566,0.00009052613,0.00004108332,0.000008368599,0.000028327,0.000008685548,0.003024199],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06006005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4372601,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2587420179","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2017.02.005","title":"Second harmony generation behavior in fully epitaxial m-plane (1 0 −1 0) non-polar ZnO thin film grown on MgO (1 0 0) substrate by radio frequency sputtering","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"ZnO doping and properties","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Epitaxy; Polar; Materials science; Sputtering; Substrate (aquarium); Polarization (electrochemistry); Second-harmonic generation; Thin film; Optoelectronics; Optics; Chemistry; Physics; Layer (electronics); Nanotechnology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03262455303363947,"gpt":0.2469067827330017,"spread":0.2142822296993623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004843269,0.0002429781,0.000264859,0.00008391406,0.0004952628,0.0006041693,0.0005265536,0.0001435243,0.001311112],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003947363,0.0002141404,0.00005246676,0.00003833865,0.00008291484,0.0005785815,0.00006786388,0.0002317201,0.0005227278],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007387115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005674751,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001099255,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004692357,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984092,0.00009173958,0.0003543799,0.0004651828,0.0002439526,0.0004355939],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990427,0.00002443049,0.0001913943,0.0006063668,0.0000368163,0.00009822398],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003428772,0.00005615015,0.003989751,0.00002832194,0.000003908386,0.00006045296,0.0004472189,0.00006541488,0.988673,0.00004753736,0.006456602,0.0001373671],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006695233,0.0003128198,0.05240672,0.00008888222,0.00001659151,0.00002578561,0.00003543322,0.00260996,0.9421091,0.0001151827,0.001137015,0.0004730029],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959133,0.0001815197,0.00004428721,0.0004676657,0.001667969,0.0002604359,0.0002270138,0.00006959226,0.001168167],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972541,0.00002693393,0.0005400553,0.0001666972,0.0004511092,0.0000618023,0.00007386472,0.00003027426,0.001395179],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04841697,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996018,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408992482","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114297","title":"Influence of different extrusion temperatures on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Bi-Zn-Ca alloy","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Nickel Institute","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Scientific Research Foundation of Hunan Provincial Education Department; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Extrusion; Microstructure; Alloy; Materials science; Metallurgy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009201890968988023,"gpt":0.2217965675486799,"spread":0.2125946765796919,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000866447,0.0001383545,0.0002346611,0.00005492695,0.0001000775,0.00003262746,0.0002378023,0.00007975424,0.0000934984],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003774855,0.00008509138,0.00003683892,0.0001036279,0.0001279001,0.0000554769,0.0001877973,0.00008656098,0.000004792115],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001193591,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003415415,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007840813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001402282,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991139,0.00004039027,0.0002823699,0.0002602144,0.0001554734,0.0001477102],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994503,0.00002503306,0.0000874878,0.0003077039,0.00009071141,0.00003881675],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001190979,0.00006089648,0.0001836775,0.000211455,0.000004451419,2.72803e-7,0.0001149595,0.00002581833,0.9921615,0.006822448,0.0002088321,0.00008657286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002131675,0.0001045582,0.01771935,0.0001686154,0.00001769704,0.000001804328,0.00006491995,0.00007957193,0.9801541,0.0007308902,0.0006527985,0.00009256162],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984879,0.0003423921,0.000005260464,0.0006615912,0.00007520889,0.0002690432,0.00002632444,0.0000231271,0.0001091228],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989562,0.00006775893,0.0001900678,0.0001909215,0.00001695818,0.00003265819,0.000002075938,0.000007291742,0.0005360576],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01753567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3469926,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404201777","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113822","title":"Fe-based monolithic catalysts for Fenton-like degradation of organic dyes: The important role of Fe2(OH)3Cl species","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Advanced oxidation water treatment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Tri Y Environmental Research Institute (Canada); University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing; Guangxi Key Research and Development Program; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Degradation (telecommunications); Catalysis; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Chemical engineering; Photochemistry; Organic chemistry; Computer science; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0111364588993651,"gpt":0.2299496874389704,"spread":0.2188132285396053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000166616,0.000123316,0.0001386727,0.00004209698,0.00006272538,0.00001891886,0.0001887787,0.00003841948,0.0002442145],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001744181,0.00008049398,0.00008169878,0.0002594033,0.00009523426,0.0001457266,0.00005740119,0.00004831189,0.00006206779],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001869457,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003209854,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001312937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002040532,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990171,0.00002318509,0.0003140475,0.000238103,0.0002436746,0.000163867],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994137,0.0000925474,0.0001260714,0.0003165118,0.00001475229,0.00003641492],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004916644,0.0001883934,0.02182184,0.00009332354,0.00008717148,0.000003165635,0.001393365,0.00073019,0.9701234,0.0008400041,0.00112016,0.00354989],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003146721,0.0001121477,0.01880235,0.00003880419,0.0000801701,0.000002615179,0.00037017,0.002790025,0.9652209,0.003330451,0.00880841,0.0001293078],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9889449,0.0005695556,0.008006331,0.001076709,0.0001873296,0.0006724512,0.00009750318,0.00006185906,0.000383398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959256,0.0000294199,0.002130767,0.00004659361,0.0000180673,0.00005456413,0.00009352329,0.0000199244,0.001681536],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007688249,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3282449,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404083624","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113804","title":"Quasi-in-situ observations of microstructural evolution during cyclic deformation of a Mg-Zn-Ca alloy","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"In situ; Alloy; Materials science; Deformation (meteorology); Metallurgy; Crystallography; Composite material; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01782473634158121,"gpt":0.2337467974249373,"spread":0.2159220610833561,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001394746,0.00009019709,0.0001415902,0.0001121375,0.00006489079,0.00003482806,0.0001644627,0.00005142089,0.000146224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001299071,0.00007559355,0.00005548604,0.0003326219,0.00005206388,0.0003317522,0.00005954799,0.00005859874,0.00005980299],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007160405,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005321537,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004993037,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001933768,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990917,0.00001981719,0.0004069548,0.0001699412,0.0001468938,0.0001647171],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995803,0.00001903756,0.00009329479,0.0002142326,0.00006532297,0.00002783077],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001157216,0.00003702205,0.001315894,0.0002786246,0.000002768623,3.879301e-7,0.0005376866,0.00007001036,0.9927574,0.004873004,0.00007032504,0.000045353],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002126992,0.00005330311,0.2601945,0.0001092869,0.00001998744,0.00001032372,0.0003333489,0.002555118,0.7348256,0.001111672,0.0004439023,0.0001302882],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983478,0.0003331469,0.0001932533,0.0003485982,0.0001977506,0.0002135726,0.00003579976,0.0000522041,0.0002778543],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983149,0.00001599606,0.001223446,0.00001045825,0.00004183383,0.00004106258,0.00001955531,0.000009660073,0.0003230635],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2588786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3082615,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411466097","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114525","title":"Transmission electron microscopy with in-situ ion irradiation: Facilities and community","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Ion-surface interactions and analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Basic Energy Sciences; Université Paris-Saclay; Office of Nuclear Energy; Office of Science; Science Foundation Ireland; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Los Alamos National Laboratory; Sandia National Laboratories; UK National Ion Beam Centre; Enterprise Ireland; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Ontario Research Foundation; Argonne National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"In situ; Transmission electron microscopy; Irradiation; Ion; Materials science; Transmission (telecommunications); Electron microscope; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Optics; Chemistry; Physics; Computer science; Nuclear physics; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004779438893008939,"gpt":0.2298891901864901,"spread":0.2251097512934812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006337016,0.00006790948,0.00008882937,0.0001080482,0.0001145522,0.00002833655,0.00003837158,0.00003345997,0.00001668612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001605765,0.00005894597,0.00001669659,0.0001838643,0.00001093807,0.00009074971,0.000004965773,0.0002254253,0.000003115495],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004765922,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009259528,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002100144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003702909,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99971,0.0000330666,0.00008588317,0.00004642109,0.00003153741,0.00009311231],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998374,0.00003739565,0.000006738954,0.00009021915,0.00001245399,0.00001579415],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000942357,0.0001574822,0.01152923,0.0004896531,0.0001947323,0.000003447317,0.008428023,0.009797397,0.9451631,0.000393737,0.001735684,0.02201331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001787104,0.0002938592,0.1060382,0.0006474917,0.000122568,0.0000119055,0.008551614,0.03077063,0.7390578,0.001160126,0.1108623,0.0006962959],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9916627,0.0006547928,0.00361994,0.0001716386,0.00004309306,0.00004101612,0.000002641242,0.00005554208,0.003748577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986177,0.0002055044,0.0002086246,0.00001424853,0.000005832752,0.000005368471,0.000008720114,0.000004617808,0.000929354],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2061052,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2403747,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406877778","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114088","title":"Development of a high-efficiency catalyst for ventilation air methane reduction via magnetron sputtering","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Catalytic Processes in Materials Science","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"China Scholarship Council; North China Institute of Science and Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Methane; Catalysis; Reduction (mathematics); Sputter deposition; Materials science; Cavity magnetron; Environmental science; Sputtering; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Thin film; Engineering; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01247178256294122,"gpt":0.2678935544840064,"spread":0.2554217719210651,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008851304,0.0001304,0.0002265068,0.0001897534,0.0001379308,0.00003649187,0.0003746991,0.00005615796,0.00007693379],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008692508,0.0001269168,0.0000392648,0.0004175125,0.00009021603,0.0002520953,0.00016215,0.00003286988,0.00003575169],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001389715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002210732,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005209523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001024682,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985762,0.00001796636,0.0004903708,0.0003920741,0.0002490309,0.0002744222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992758,0.00003781822,0.0002150286,0.0003011897,0.0001346258,0.00003551233],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005879379,0.00005314611,0.000005013656,0.0002607667,0.000003791724,2.570636e-7,0.0003254293,0.0001527814,0.9955196,0.0005177197,0.00005041538,0.003052246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002581256,0.00003550119,0.0007410347,0.00007200598,0.00002363704,0.000004950161,0.00006870928,0.0003443097,0.9962684,0.00129012,0.0007729846,0.0001202442],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7788012,0.00005609071,0.2189129,0.00008659522,0.001690496,0.0002879595,0.00001384599,0.00006061844,0.00009025721],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9346861,0.000001591824,0.06480695,0.00001647057,0.00005849045,0.00007801002,0.00002668108,0.000008826365,0.0003168488],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1558849,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5175516,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2353780671","doi":"","title":"The cause analysis of the Laval nozzle corroded used at 2RH vacuum system in Baosteel","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Metallography; Nozzle; Corrosion; Metallurgy; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Microstructure","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0232036890285963,"gpt":0.2505521644514982,"spread":0.2273484754229019,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004500934,0.0001348579,0.0002481949,0.0001401279,0.0001230502,0.00001496255,0.0002023573,0.00006877603,0.00000864457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003583458,0.0000845457,0.0001670245,0.001117952,0.00002944361,0.00006712587,0.00004474832,0.0001506185,0.00001066699],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003022578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001947008,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006181052,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001434277,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998973,0.00008039205,0.0003099926,0.0001425891,0.0002667597,0.0002272492],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992918,0.0001073999,0.00006720168,0.0004506093,0.00004221249,0.0000408052],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000809535,0.0000442811,0.01941342,0.0001255012,0.0008314874,0.0000084286,0.001350205,0.6072239,0.3685397,0.0015934,0.0001660229,0.0006227818],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003357196,0.00007658935,0.1165295,0.0001843716,0.001457803,0.00001350293,0.001315783,0.07375722,0.7910727,0.0003390952,0.01119351,0.0007027116],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9839802,0.000409985,0.01338885,0.00007249008,0.0008817948,0.0002440399,0.00001210895,0.0001543508,0.0008562216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989164,0.00003909854,0.0006287798,0.00001118742,0.00003594652,0.000022578,0.000001708624,0.0000214615,0.0003227989],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5334666,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3447674,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2374761204","doi":"","title":"Numerical simulation of performance of air-jet vacuum pump for coach toilet","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Aerosol Filtration and Electrostatic Precipitation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nozzle; Mechanics; Jet (fluid); Vacuum pump; Suction; Toilet; Compressed air; Diffuser (optics); Fluent; Mechanical engineering; Impeller; Computer simulation; Materials science; Environmental science; Physics; Engineering; Optics; Environmental engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009610923581804194,"gpt":0.2388411007050186,"spread":0.2292301771232144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001067066,0.00008647182,0.0001494978,0.00004686977,0.00002666352,0.00000453077,0.000075216,0.00007118615,0.00005060272],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004269173,0.00008397432,0.00004641887,0.0001122643,0.00001784896,0.0001329735,0.000004975172,0.00009503834,0.000006952875],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001141639,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001754276,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002606337,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002755227,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994051,0.000007534679,0.000257244,0.00008348974,0.0001107701,0.0001358612],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995387,0.0001433945,0.00005843832,0.000136899,0.00008913464,0.00003341026],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009994071,0.00007699629,0.005108994,0.0003681805,0.00004413632,1.093701e-7,0.0009446139,0.2383847,0.7485942,0.001853129,0.0008962207,0.003628825],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003170137,0.0001297511,0.007088252,0.000008372576,0.00001148364,6.66791e-7,0.00001382519,0.7482947,0.2425493,0.0001350006,0.001363359,0.00008821836],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8878078,0.000009600973,0.1110577,0.00004333001,0.0002727574,0.0001829458,0.0000227327,0.00006490273,0.0005381641],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967747,0.000005737817,0.002996416,0.00002332051,0.00005385365,0.00002220425,0.00005629374,0.00001785551,0.0000495704],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.50991,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3424373,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404636250","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113860","title":"Assessing the assumption of non-Reliance of concentration-dependent interdiffusion coefficient on maximum component concentration","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Advanced Materials Characterization Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Component (thermodynamics); Materials science; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01356027181622977,"gpt":0.2847293428913507,"spread":0.2711690710751209,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001615722,0.0001255335,0.0001637545,0.00004403263,0.00004063237,0.00007220486,0.0001098414,0.00005962324,0.00005052835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001037747,0.00009794402,0.00004230604,0.0001364883,0.00004844275,0.0002355161,0.00002534356,0.00009512249,0.00001137126],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009590897,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001768092,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003747922,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.230523e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990715,0.00003469735,0.0004061758,0.0001449481,0.0002196618,0.0001230562],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995618,0.00006846145,0.00009889204,0.0001855041,0.00006260895,0.00002269774],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007986574,0.00003084101,0.0000326479,0.0001925104,0.00001291227,0.000001211961,0.000321995,0.007476747,0.9872166,0.0005984517,0.0001061249,0.004001999],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001200096,0.00004458463,0.002526125,0.0005298792,0.0000126079,0.000001589012,0.00005454838,0.1103137,0.8858185,0.0001673868,0.0003210958,0.00008992388],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7032661,0.0001244532,0.2948048,0.00007808581,0.0009630378,0.0002850055,0.00002823479,0.0002056664,0.0002445328],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988964,0.0002019713,0.0006909609,0.00002314919,0.00006408407,0.00002246444,0.00006082989,0.00002487272,0.00001531454],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2956302,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3994041,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412450826","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114577","title":"Ultra-near-surface gallium-activated 435 nm luminescence from donor-acceptor-pair recombination in ion-beam implanted 4H-SiC","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Semiconductor materials and devices","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Gallium; Luminescence; Recombination; Materials science; Ion; Acceptor; Optoelectronics; Ion implantation; Photochemistry; Atomic physics; Chemistry; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007981049264076785,"gpt":0.2175779543889992,"spread":0.2095969051249224,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001245069,0.0002411513,0.0003139868,0.00007480843,0.00006172417,0.0001292204,0.0002396374,0.0001718584,0.0004070605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003180096,0.000244798,0.00004810229,0.0004644037,0.00002433877,0.0002935404,0.00002954241,0.0001722638,0.00009521421],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001399572,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003644333,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001397162,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001231209,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988382,0.00004262992,0.0003717117,0.0003134407,0.0001241453,0.0003098936],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994383,0.0001210167,0.00005558441,0.0002806463,0.00004874495,0.000055708],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002412254,0.00003790416,0.01096313,0.00007701739,0.00003316961,0.000004274116,0.0002044672,0.0005374777,0.9857503,0.00001997936,0.002073702,0.0002744406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006264112,0.00001881638,0.06224141,0.0001806648,0.00001358301,0.000001712936,0.0001312371,0.00349217,0.9300114,0.0002040376,0.002774976,0.0003035682],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951774,0.0003527121,0.00004848255,0.0001070386,0.002579898,0.0002224365,0.00006323764,0.0004687036,0.0009800679],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992173,0.00009836275,0.0001935706,0.00007178186,0.00007368743,0.00001829976,0.0001567409,0.00003329483,0.0001369427],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05573889,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982572,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407172989","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114090","title":"Development of SLA 3D printed volumes for leak testing of LHC Hi-Lumi cryomodules at STFC","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Superconducting Materials and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"TRIUMF","funders":"Science and Technology Facilities Council; CERN; TRIUMF","keywords":"Large Hadron Collider; Physics; Leak; Particle physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03343474670066753,"gpt":0.2515041191682362,"spread":0.2180693724675686,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009743717,0.00007934122,0.0001544935,0.00005320842,0.00005154311,0.000007088821,0.0000973689,0.00003894532,0.00003817511],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005841077,0.00007853498,0.0000261724,0.00012463,0.00001659446,0.00002690885,0.00005001785,0.00002559774,0.000005454902],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003596903,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002892303,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001349691,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002901518,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994516,0.000004354586,0.000278278,0.0001024374,0.00004672706,0.0001165513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996642,0.00007478945,0.00003354827,0.0001419722,0.00006973837,0.0000157104],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002611134,0.00001888208,0.0007787797,0.0003392624,0.00003785275,4.824416e-8,0.0002668528,0.000390496,0.9897968,0.0005267634,0.0003552326,0.007486477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001930026,0.000007810101,0.003671428,0.0001184502,0.00001742058,5.417567e-7,0.0001351517,0.00516186,0.9723715,0.0001905838,0.01803411,0.00009810084],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9914892,0.00008082518,0.007141594,0.00002704377,0.0001567742,0.0001870381,0.00001862276,0.0001038587,0.0007950961],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8965443,0.000003037588,0.1029869,0.000004608782,0.00002273612,0.00007297684,0.0000109772,0.00001416498,0.0003402084],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09584533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3202564,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089986391","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2014.07.014","title":"On the phase transformation of Ag-41.53Mg (at.%) – An in situ XRD study","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Rare-earth and actinide compounds","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Phase (matter); Diffraction; Transformation (genetics); In situ; Materials science; Atmospheric temperature range; Crystallography; Analytical Chemistry (journal); X-ray crystallography; Range (aeronautics); Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Optics; Composite material; Chromatography; Physics; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0161854705508392,"gpt":0.2735150838988961,"spread":0.2573296133480569,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000221152,0.00008374957,0.0001185033,0.00004422307,0.00006646846,0.00002063995,0.0001232843,0.00001436289,0.0002239146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003265376,0.0000580641,0.0000433878,0.00009561037,0.00001253512,0.0001251253,0.00001087208,0.00009098335,0.00004018865],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006693925,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001094354,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007793951,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004512944,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993961,0.00008697659,0.0001761301,0.0001047296,0.0001103008,0.0001257986],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995816,0.00008197106,0.00005870183,0.0002235032,0.00001731258,0.00003696196],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00146289,0.02102897,0.2131119,0.00008639217,0.0003283628,0.000006430384,0.05438709,0.0009513448,0.1676358,0.1589759,0.006104439,0.3759204],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.04289764,0.01361862,0.2720513,0.0002453148,0.0002300256,0.000003038101,0.02764151,0.02486236,0.4807446,0.07200942,0.06353635,0.002159768],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9761967,0.000002275408,0.0004218563,0.0001823335,0.00006364517,0.000226373,0.000009000672,0.00001005988,0.02288777],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997297,1.907474e-7,0.0000104153,0.00004812201,0.00008302041,0.00001585189,0.00002363594,0.000006576434,0.00008247066],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3737606,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2451708,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414266983","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114748","title":"Optimized oxygen flux in sputtering amorphous Ga2O3 thin films enables high-performance solar-blind UV photodetectors","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Ga2O3 and related materials","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society","keywords":"Responsivity; Amorphous solid; Thin film; Oxygen; Sputter deposition; Sputtering; Photodetector; Dark current","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01002113993793249,"gpt":0.2237971680571068,"spread":0.2137760281191743,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007890512,0.0003296378,0.0005559045,0.0003366728,0.0002085746,0.0002359801,0.0005596903,0.0002901462,0.002360013],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005494739,0.0002744811,0.00007312119,0.0004548467,0.00008604283,0.0003486906,0.0002888326,0.0002387511,0.0005788032],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008721362,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001181291,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005787572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018667,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976926,0.0001318424,0.0006607434,0.0005625231,0.0002562861,0.0006959889],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991106,0.00007909156,0.000159455,0.0005071442,0.00005291166,0.00009080313],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003231329,0.00006680343,0.0001833109,0.0001451888,0.00002089693,0.0000370522,0.0002832447,0.005208545,0.9921573,0.00003492573,0.001403562,0.0001360238],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002403212,0.00006438779,0.003065791,0.0002801868,0.00003084476,0.000009517655,0.00008462541,0.002034914,0.9906036,0.0002264568,0.0008665193,0.0003299359],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944188,0.0002334683,0.000200681,0.0001692881,0.002913094,0.0004782568,0.00003132962,0.0002555973,0.00129949],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905312,0.0001573919,0.005559636,0.000249626,0.00008415152,0.00008780602,0.00002129885,0.00003880482,0.003270086],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005358955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999707,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417264672","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115008","title":"Unravel of latent tracks in SOI- and SOS-structures with a high-k interlayer after impacts of swift heavy Xe and Bi ions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Ion-surface interactions and analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Russian Science Foundation; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research","keywords":"Swift heavy ion; Ion track; Ion; Irradiation; Silicon; Fluence; Wafer; Transmission electron microscopy; Analytical Chemistry (journal)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.002659097813938539,"gpt":0.201800474655453,"spread":0.1991413768415145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003436303,0.00009383439,0.0001927978,0.0002203051,0.00001198179,0.00001453257,0.00003308277,0.0000450498,0.00003711922],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004486413,0.0000706907,0.00002986523,0.0001959577,0.00002730549,0.00006709892,0.00001945354,0.0000961076,4.34129e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001542387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001152514,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004604397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009688701,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995669,0.000008803858,0.0001775622,0.00009496427,0.00004928369,0.0001024847],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997904,0.00002819537,0.00002431885,0.0001007427,0.00002812243,0.00002826102],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008652547,0.0004025559,0.6179177,0.002037336,0.002383533,0.00007283837,0.00915354,0.028886,0.3198233,0.003009239,0.001354672,0.0140941],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008257189,0.0001141894,0.9030147,0.0005211803,0.0001436855,0.0000104037,0.0005015304,0.01024346,0.08352024,0.0006819092,0.0002133654,0.0002096181],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987211,0.0004665768,0.0004212239,0.0001192967,0.00005721039,0.00005313404,0.00002300153,0.00001375108,0.0001246566],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993841,0.00009282915,0.0004042533,0.00001584125,0.000006423876,0.000005126974,0.000002043456,0.000008292137,0.00008106224],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.285097,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2882683,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965288017","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2004.07.076","title":"Study of the initial phase in IPD accelerator","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Plasma Diagnostics and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"European Commission; Health Sciences Centre Foundation","keywords":"Poisson's equation; Impulse (physics); Plasma; Poisson distribution; Deposition (geology); Computational physics; Electron; Computer science; Mechanics; Physics; Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Nuclear physics; Geology; Quantum mechanics; Statistics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03293725518309042,"gpt":0.2974735827143166,"spread":0.2645363275312262,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002032401,0.0000371816,0.00004927315,0.00002193555,0.00001494904,0.000008266691,0.00009421931,0.0000154342,0.000004005596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007722724,0.00002906105,0.0000112913,0.0001463869,0.000005435993,0.00002826737,0.00001621757,0.00005703078,0.000009060529],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001451594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009427619,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001917626,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009824856,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997603,0.000003417209,0.00008737361,0.00004216068,0.00004568376,0.00006107848],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998321,0.00001792099,0.000008518585,0.0001206487,0.000006985424,0.00001380499],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006105535,0.0258941,0.0271674,0.0001848677,0.0003541186,0.0001758088,0.02942306,0.5305755,0.2948915,0.06630908,0.006838491,0.01812498],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01872464,0.0004564084,0.1333836,0.0001082254,0.00007312842,0.000009364013,0.002494,0.005711802,0.8231653,0.007629595,0.007613231,0.000630654],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989396,0.00000783413,0.00005261393,0.00006692529,0.00007642645,0.0001633668,0.00001395777,0.00002099876,0.0006582324],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998682,0.000003456906,0.00004249615,0.00001448059,0.00002326783,0.00003674843,9.644021e-7,0.000006117775,0.000004287511],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5282738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1185075,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416508819","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114883","title":"Evaluation of the quality performance of various GSM woven fabrics after imparting dip dye and (acid-enzyme) wash and incorporating multifunctional finishes: Flame retardancy, anti-microbial","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Dyeing and Modifying Textile Fibers","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Saint Mary's University","funders":"","keywords":"Antimicrobial; Textile; Quality (philosophy); Textile industry; Clothing; Dyeing","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01939464423167054,"gpt":0.2535274470513341,"spread":0.2341328028196636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00124269,0.0001236223,0.0002047749,0.00006552554,0.00008209441,0.0000244101,0.00008061359,0.00007949524,0.000007695657],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001633431,0.0001057169,0.00004637791,0.0001696884,0.0000880187,0.0001140454,0.00009241786,0.0001570073,6.295807e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005256836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000684082,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003764977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002031747,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989605,0.00009179139,0.0003812337,0.0001630805,0.0002637391,0.0001396481],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994242,0.0000826883,0.0001270546,0.0002014955,0.0001406596,0.00002395071],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001472142,0.000118982,0.474162,0.002984999,0.0004965724,0.000001502455,0.007043175,0.08322309,0.3762727,0.0003482724,0.000874122,0.05432741],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009044138,0.00003393183,0.5462981,0.0004609219,0.0001743706,0.000003504432,0.0001272135,0.4151428,0.03627464,0.0003241244,0.00006671846,0.0001892255],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975295,0.0005229922,0.001005189,0.00003818188,0.0003740385,0.0001671926,0.0000204815,0.00004511427,0.0002972945],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990683,0.00001921259,0.0007797023,0.00001836134,0.00003223066,0.00001459059,0.000005040592,0.00001216973,0.00005037626],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.339998,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4311009,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2373536588","doi":"","title":"A new generation industrial machine for the plasma immersion ionimplantation and enhanced deposition","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Metal and Thin Film Mechanics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"CAE (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Plasma; Plasma-immersion ion implantation; Vacuum chamber; Vacuum arc; Materials science; Deposition (geology); Pulse duration; Pulse (music); Voltage; Electric arc; Ion; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Optoelectronics; Chemistry; Optics; Composite material; Electrode; Laser; Electrical engineering; Physics; Ion implantation","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04127387246452675,"gpt":0.2076063312154568,"spread":0.1663324587509301,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005599011,0.00006380417,0.00005388617,0.00002456415,0.00008764068,0.00003078425,0.00003127941,0.00005915553,0.00006474964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005985142,0.00004715972,0.00001995319,0.00005778199,0.000002128471,0.00007835383,0.000006454949,0.0000612273,0.00001515592],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000126215,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002028931,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001335461,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001434179,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996868,0.000008359018,0.00009070123,0.00007273295,0.00006171008,0.000079674],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998657,0.00002277706,0.00001703793,0.00005587145,0.000008647344,0.00002993695],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002926251,0.000008796259,0.000004904431,0.00001998802,0.00003948578,4.435797e-7,0.0003127906,0.0007144627,0.7329354,0.001291439,0.01835583,0.2462872],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005856599,0.00004416352,0.00001674963,0.000006135251,0.00002773179,0.000008407338,0.00001028335,0.7284207,0.2696336,0.0001602398,0.001021606,0.00006477247],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4799976,0.0005578051,0.5157573,0.0002850262,0.002474924,0.0004134166,0.00001992481,0.00009609109,0.0003979246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99694,0.0002102001,0.001855409,0.00002630807,0.000429035,0.00001938765,0.00004698975,0.00001103133,0.0004616549],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7277062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1923117,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413052768","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114641","title":"A comparative STM investigation of hydrogen, oxygen, and air plasma pretreatments for reduced-temperature (1050 °C) flash annealing of silicon (100) substrates","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vacuum","topic":"Semiconductor materials and devices","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; National Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures; National Research Council Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Annealing (glass); Silicon; Oxygen; Hydrogen; Flash (photography); Plasma; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Metallurgy; Environmental chemistry; Optics; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0220756086025555,"gpt":0.2570672470145973,"spread":0.2349916384120418,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006935448,0.0001473928,0.0003215192,0.00009274077,0.00003260378,0.00001685132,0.00006679173,0.00009936363,0.000006652298],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009512706,0.0001340475,0.00003900131,0.0001530182,0.000039869,0.0001111464,0.00001458812,0.00004250516,9.149661e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000202923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002715431,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002206626,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001385278,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993521,0.00001905637,0.0002845543,0.0001558613,0.00006423649,0.0001241739],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996133,0.00007869326,0.00007288822,0.0001194517,0.00007888261,0.00003671817],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002725343,0.00001042688,0.002490664,0.0004536082,0.0001458008,2.301964e-7,0.001021556,0.0007966544,0.9946142,0.0001205478,0.000293422,0.00002567574],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004856464,0.00006879393,0.008591082,0.0001717072,0.00005379724,9.91195e-7,0.0003541196,0.003807834,0.9858167,0.0004950794,0.00005491318,0.00009935417],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977568,0.00137475,0.000001913522,0.00002182182,0.0002069603,0.0003393706,0.0001108104,0.00005617724,0.0001313767],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994365,0.00004575583,0.0003173492,0.00001411099,0.00002808028,0.00003621358,0.00006298129,0.00001240219,0.00004660369],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008797479,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54663,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}