{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":59,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":59,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"f67ffc5d3d70","filters":{"venue":"Virtual Reality"}},"results":[{"id":"W3028790033","doi":"10.1007/s10055-020-00444-8","title":"Virtual reality and augmented reality in social learning spaces: a literature review","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":410,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Augmented reality; Virtual reality; Computer science; Instructional simulation; Mixed reality; Social reality; Computer-mediated reality; Social constructivism; Human–computer interaction; Constructivism (international relations); Multimedia; Sociology; Social science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07552675705063601,"gpt":0.3709910448875814,"spread":0.2954642878369454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004108169,0.001331143,0.004328287,0.0003952366,0.0005855497,0.0009279154,0.002191989,0.001047259,0.0000226562],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002132642,0.001165058,0.0008296708,0.004439914,0.0003449611,0.001035138,0.00172242,0.003026089,0.00008315941],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007378253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001064664,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005885065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001579551,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9892166,0.003526871,0.002420819,0.002515255,0.001198359,0.001122132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9947773,0.0008375407,0.001494823,0.001806141,0.000269332,0.0008149144],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001592183,0.0001763477,0.000002202513,0.01465082,0.0001086098,0.00007996277,0.0008024262,0.000002673572,8.344747e-7,0.04936387,0.01007608,0.9247203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003940021,0.000320153,0.00009675958,0.03107122,0.0002603605,0.00009456403,0.00005130499,0.0005494424,4.898125e-7,0.0008850395,0.9652619,0.001014727],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000003443417,0.9718409,0.01619619,0.005975873,0.0001762585,0.002314934,0.0005961463,0.0004694602,0.002426813],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0002751526,0.996397,0.0001785263,0.000981007,0.0004249988,0.0003560115,0.0009670034,0.00008045595,0.0003398863],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9551858,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999944,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3014901790","doi":"10.1007/s10055-020-00440-y","title":"Virtual experience, real consequences: the potential negative emotional consequences of virtual reality gameplay","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":210,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Research Manitoba; University of Manitoba","funders":"Mitacs","keywords":"Virtual reality; Laptop; Rumination; Computer science; Mainstream; Psychology; Human–computer interaction; Cognition","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05787965106914095,"gpt":0.3124284286633017,"spread":0.2545487775941607,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001452712,0.0005555782,0.0007819788,0.0001220077,0.000688194,0.000353968,0.002920329,0.0002851669,0.0001900957],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001723823,0.0004183498,0.0003516971,0.001358158,0.004112252,0.001277625,0.0007964608,0.0006361205,0.0001041267],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001676035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001228291,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003753303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001675725,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9936803,0.001090363,0.001415808,0.001310761,0.001690615,0.0008121357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9951614,0.001140911,0.000846734,0.001519182,0.000595747,0.0007360801],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003187509,0.000375708,0.0002535655,0.00002610579,0.0001575912,0.00003692546,0.01613782,0.003891364,0.03576383,0.9145909,0.006344487,0.02210296],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01165037,0.02067887,0.1343917,0.0007449001,0.0005202782,0.0008070958,0.06881429,0.2493207,0.2530932,0.2127972,0.03914162,0.008039753],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3818727,0.00004900216,0.5716788,0.03371244,0.000729584,0.001295434,0.001072292,0.0005174022,0.009072294],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960825,0.00021224,0.0008097791,0.002241274,0.0002969833,0.00009650924,0.00006483684,0.00002337433,0.0001725384],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7017937,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998268,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2078145802","doi":"10.1007/s10055-004-0141-1","title":"Virtual museums for all: employing game technology for edutainment","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Augmented Reality Applications","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":145,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Virtual reality; Multimedia; Mixed reality; Game design; Game Developer; Video game development; Human–computer interaction","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03827013047291887,"gpt":0.3224183926968686,"spread":0.2841482622239497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006511222,0.0002363816,0.0002933009,0.0001792497,0.0002588753,0.00009812468,0.001258457,0.0002176757,0.000002714655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002895143,0.0002351522,0.0001646142,0.0004937522,0.0001700635,0.0002846614,0.0003682725,0.0001715956,0.00002997338],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000397148,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002208258,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001066604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006234751,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977888,0.00003510021,0.0004853035,0.0007826655,0.0003069776,0.0006011175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980403,0.0002709918,0.0001958678,0.001161008,0.0001643213,0.000167548],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002325901,0.0002686524,0.00001340734,0.00001489577,0.00005455975,9.978736e-7,0.0004745574,0.003241884,0.00414248,0.9426798,0.0008071614,0.04827836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005548599,0.002568653,0.0006166808,0.00008929329,0.0001006186,0.00004358844,0.0009133982,0.03306719,0.0539045,0.6641111,0.2378046,0.001231755],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01028654,0.00002326402,0.9660369,0.02090008,0.0002338433,0.00159288,0.0001267989,0.0006244247,0.0001752292],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9652391,0.00001918984,0.03157259,0.001049832,0.0001243597,0.001745588,0.00006891406,0.00003138251,0.0001490062],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9549526,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9589227,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2527983398","doi":"10.1007/s10055-016-0299-3","title":"Exposure to an unpleasant odour increases the sense of Presence in virtual reality","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":121,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Sense of presence; Virtual reality; Olfactory cues; Affect (linguistics); Olfaction; Psychology; Immersion (mathematics); Sensory cue; Cognitive psychology; Realism; Odor; Computer science; Communication; Human–computer interaction; Art; Mathematics; Neuroscience; Visual arts","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2124490066188255,"gpt":0.3226586067870894,"spread":0.1102096001682639,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001115087,0.0002211512,0.0003447983,0.00009000734,0.0002228528,0.00002733589,0.0003390303,0.00008662459,0.00008110582],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007666727,0.0001220524,0.00008781857,0.000443466,0.0004824638,0.0003467191,0.0002294743,0.0001684547,0.0000515704],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006129612,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007567545,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001044155,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001159176,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996314,0.001580749,0.0005297282,0.0006377362,0.0005635676,0.0003741564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962742,0.002376258,0.0001716103,0.0008757088,0.0001054226,0.0001968375],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002874403,0.00117349,0.02273381,0.00003144385,0.00002655586,0.00008967792,0.006043524,0.0009807354,0.9004722,0.03259996,0.005526111,0.02744816],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002270221,0.003714183,0.612311,0.0002198845,0.0000416258,0.00005774861,0.006763448,0.0002409724,0.3501127,0.002343414,0.02100881,0.0009159629],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954023,0.000009418789,0.0006584518,0.001926783,0.0003007684,0.0003503738,0.0003678454,0.00008069315,0.0009033693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983624,0.00004779545,0.000004189477,0.0006706057,0.0001111271,0.00002317965,0.000001632173,0.0000134556,0.0007656345],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5895772,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9178342,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086300828","doi":"10.1007/s100550200008","title":"Simulating Self-Motion I: Cues for the Perception of Motion","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Human Motion and Animation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Motion (physics); Computer vision; Perception; Computer graphics (images); Artificial intelligence; Computer graphics; Structure from motion; Psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04611433249068642,"gpt":0.2732874748722183,"spread":0.2271731423815319,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002352751,0.00006461693,0.00007399551,0.00002996665,0.00008616116,0.00001651632,0.00004839983,0.00004812522,0.0001569542],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006595367,0.00005261809,0.00005474576,0.00007039429,0.00001494213,0.0001288083,0.000005800435,0.00005520745,0.00002352701],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005021016,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001008273,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001100861,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000814855,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995084,0.00002892972,0.0001897322,0.00007869128,0.0001079848,0.00008625047],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996917,0.00008699287,0.00003975659,0.0001127168,0.00004920441,0.00001964621],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001130464,0.0001571045,0.0009014782,0.0002649516,0.00005543388,1.283198e-7,0.006763637,0.3177427,0.02689585,0.00782729,0.002717763,0.6366624],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001771778,0.00003705529,0.02889739,0.00001175222,0.0000143327,3.26879e-7,0.0002735582,0.9689966,0.000427756,0.0002218534,0.0008835259,0.00005861342],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5203973,0.00002646459,0.4764079,0.0001309239,0.0001849804,0.0002833873,0.00001769463,0.0003258478,0.002225476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994394,0.00003783698,0.0002613881,0.00001429578,0.0001376385,0.00001051472,0.00001839669,0.0000105153,0.00007007938],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6512539,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2145703,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063873437","doi":"10.1007/s10055-006-0041-7","title":"Gender differences in spatial navigation in virtual space: implications when using virtual environments in instruction and assessment","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Spatial Cognition and Navigation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Virtual reality; Spatial ability; Space (punctuation); Virtual space; Computer graphics; Human–computer interaction; Computer graphics (images); Multimedia; Artificial intelligence; Psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03723545727378574,"gpt":0.2826169843296186,"spread":0.2453815270558328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002813283,0.0001818095,0.0002095231,0.0002479519,0.00005421348,0.00004384535,0.00006700143,0.0001609053,0.00002719053],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000229584,0.0002081393,0.00002415098,0.0002703767,0.00006759103,0.0003513264,0.00003568924,0.00030469,0.000003643875],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004890985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000354306,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005480161,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0041241,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986132,0.0001344126,0.0004873913,0.0002970475,0.0002384456,0.0002295187],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996509,0.00006579664,0.00007388391,0.0001415286,0.00001447552,0.00005342867],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008667241,0.0003864401,0.7633727,0.00004559694,0.0000160932,0.000009485295,0.001418018,0.06325311,0.05170404,0.01540319,0.0000240601,0.1042806],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001114599,0.00005381867,0.9071627,0.00004928641,0.000006878519,0.00000339379,0.0002934039,0.08687716,0.0008946248,0.003302711,0.00003964732,0.0002017403],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9629192,0.0000182172,0.03595715,0.00006595723,0.0001493736,0.0003065364,0.00004525935,0.00004744151,0.0004908622],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993032,0.00004092069,0.000247,0.00001428376,0.00007395683,0.00004665374,0.0002461475,0.00001811768,0.000009759556],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1437901,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8487675,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4221030426","doi":"10.1007/s10055-022-00643-5","title":"Museum beyond physical walls: an exploration of virtual reality-enhanced experience in an exhibition-like space","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Museums and Cultural Heritage","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Exhibition; Visitor pattern; Context (archaeology); Computer science; Virtual reality; Space (punctuation); Multimedia; Augmented reality; Video game; Human–computer interaction; Mixed reality; Virtual space; Visual arts; Artificial intelligence; Art","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1060807887651706,"gpt":0.3206195009644719,"spread":0.2145387121993013,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004347973,0.0002294954,0.0003544517,0.0000790843,0.0005294574,0.0001185729,0.0003146989,0.00004818102,0.001370542],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000301325,0.0002122376,0.0001166975,0.0001451802,0.0002954957,0.002468134,0.0001393626,0.0003197897,0.00001061198],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001215458,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005609998,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003620129,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0109229,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976254,0.0004882854,0.0004687197,0.0005206282,0.0005797517,0.0003172838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989624,0.00006786623,0.000202211,0.0004997513,0.0001253126,0.0001424333],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003217013,0.001558278,0.00002942722,0.00002502156,0.00001403571,0.000009952365,0.4616081,0.0008010386,0.0178851,0.510779,0.0007429862,0.006225358],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002273609,0.006819905,0.002374802,0.00007604923,0.00004776754,0.000003620147,0.8803856,0.007115276,0.008179581,0.02108829,0.07015418,0.001481283],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899701,0.00001019419,0.0002141926,0.0003933317,0.0004041033,0.0003037042,0.0003180447,0.0001011717,0.008285091],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978207,0.00000974455,0.00001098594,0.0002350659,0.0003794782,0.000197459,0.0004148899,0.00002359982,0.0009080172],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4896907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995424,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3161955942","doi":"10.1007/s10055-021-00535-0","title":"Spatial and attentional aftereffects of virtual reality and relations to cybersickness","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Virtual reality; Cognition; Task (project management); Test (biology); Psychology; Simulator sickness; Cognitive test; Applied psychology; Cognitive psychology; Computer science; Human–computer interaction","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02637220899554946,"gpt":0.289311532728635,"spread":0.2629393237330855,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007190877,0.0001869484,0.0003177493,0.0001013916,0.0002074409,0.0001324039,0.0002841532,0.0001181488,0.00002671874],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005694496,0.0001874321,0.00006897344,0.0005793553,0.000177052,0.000439774,0.0005965721,0.0001617845,0.00001942075],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006402794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002083965,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001115457,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005617181,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979519,0.0002639623,0.0004288894,0.0006435359,0.000431226,0.0002804796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998035,0.0004207182,0.0001366908,0.0007630588,0.0002610289,0.000383498],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007670316,0.0004376276,0.005908845,0.00005650215,0.00008490989,0.00001645818,0.001830657,0.0002250789,0.01015669,0.7894059,0.002705282,0.1890954],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00103217,0.0006445584,0.9619358,0.0001032502,0.00004958587,0.00007104757,0.0002854988,0.008463796,0.004720848,0.01467415,0.00750839,0.000510881],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4748055,0.00004849461,0.5180557,0.00466558,0.0001131085,0.0002476163,0.0001536363,0.00006369535,0.00184666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972593,0.00003075689,0.001842806,0.0003759267,0.00005658188,0.00002731635,0.00004609115,0.000009166746,0.0003520254],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.956027,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7643257,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2792397721","doi":"10.1007/s10055-018-0339-2","title":"Virtual grasps recognition using fusion of Leap Motion and force myography","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Linear discriminant analysis; Wearable computer; Virtual reality; Motion capture; Motion (physics); Classifier (UML); Pattern recognition (psychology)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05604011449351804,"gpt":0.2896654805709181,"spread":0.2336253660774001,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009211305,0.0001520895,0.0002347683,0.0002151841,0.0001758382,0.00007193445,0.0002211242,0.0001353608,0.00001311192],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001334073,0.0001400753,0.00007973131,0.0006041555,0.0002099314,0.0005579222,0.0001582651,0.0001056922,0.00002198569],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000280285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003952226,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002405454,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005831135,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982849,0.000271717,0.0004042374,0.0004547767,0.0003656386,0.0002187633],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987754,0.0001233151,0.0002416662,0.0003944197,0.0003430497,0.0001222018],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007252453,0.0001659047,0.001965419,0.00005575877,0.00004370713,0.000003502944,0.002052076,0.00001318854,0.04223895,0.00777573,0.0002233823,0.9453899],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009529746,0.0113817,0.1863791,0.002211069,0.0003427099,0.0006568682,0.003732916,0.273241,0.3939072,0.1067276,0.007768354,0.00412172],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4792544,0.00002019681,0.5190953,0.0000787114,0.0003488211,0.0001554426,0.00001906811,0.0000739801,0.0009541452],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971771,0.00002193198,0.002436915,0.00008397963,0.0002199964,0.00000598613,0.0000176578,0.000008734434,0.00002774625],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9412681,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5712106,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092155095","doi":"10.1007/s10055-009-0115-4","title":"On study of design and implementation of virtual fixtures","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Teleoperation and Haptic Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Set (abstract data type); Haptic technology; Point (geometry); Event (particle physics); Context (archaeology); Human–computer interaction; Trajectory; Architecture; Software; Virtual reality; Simulation; Programming language","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02891634579786688,"gpt":0.3049533140551457,"spread":0.2760369682572788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002109947,0.00006486054,0.0001362118,0.00004477257,0.00001672227,0.000007240354,0.00003838618,0.00002702263,0.00002460677],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001895921,0.00005764102,0.00001330996,0.00006023164,0.00001001377,0.0000409547,0.000004200595,0.00003494,0.000001184395],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001287029,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007353041,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001331441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005916274,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994239,0.00006050254,0.0002385115,0.00007828377,0.0001374479,0.00006141117],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997289,0.0000719749,0.00003495315,0.0001121934,0.00002422162,0.00002773379],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004165748,0.001442005,0.005589666,0.000119679,0.0003286813,0.000007650858,0.04298579,0.2053523,0.1287012,0.1401936,0.008931969,0.4659309],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005994325,0.01635054,0.8182955,0.00007638355,0.00008698485,0.0000054169,0.0334892,0.03439652,0.08950318,0.0009512856,0.0002968796,0.0005537226],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9867218,0.00001334892,0.01238039,0.00001476472,0.00004883753,0.0002801653,0.000009282774,0.00003828186,0.0004931346],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998925,0.000005891921,0.00004318228,0.00001693057,0.00001685197,0.000004463648,0.000003103054,0.000004212945,0.00001283206],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8127059,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2350532,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2991291375","doi":"10.1007/s10055-019-00412-x","title":"Game play in virtual reality driving simulation involving head-mounted display and comparison to desktop display","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Computer graphics (images); Virtual reality; Head-up display; Optical head-mounted display; Computer graphics; Human–computer interaction; Head (geology); Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03948207909730145,"gpt":0.3569925661763666,"spread":0.3175104870790652,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00220473,0.0004377951,0.0007246479,0.0003190133,0.0002140842,0.0004756253,0.0009298489,0.0002569494,0.0000167503],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000887402,0.0004230864,0.0001006052,0.001290077,0.000118621,0.001398949,0.0007947931,0.0004966573,0.0001342376],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004339301,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001760482,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002496322,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003101792,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9955909,0.0004842474,0.001115873,0.001225844,0.0007865396,0.0007965685],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961517,0.001225453,0.0003317749,0.001546185,0.0001675986,0.0005773146],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000331571,0.00109777,0.1438435,0.000134083,0.00007810203,0.00001663037,0.01461074,0.4302331,0.01263402,0.2867292,0.0007935985,0.1094978],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000662138,0.0003866817,0.3425161,0.0001578107,0.000007939519,0.000004506832,0.0002594851,0.6519363,0.0003269972,0.001043067,0.002266016,0.0004329995],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6647322,0.00002443671,0.3324074,0.001018572,0.0001737854,0.0008579673,0.00004136236,0.0001507491,0.0005935165],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984414,0.00001886896,0.000560369,0.0005533866,0.00008160539,0.00006458921,0.00007499489,0.00002826225,0.000176524],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3337092,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998221,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3118546594","doi":"10.1007/s10055-020-00491-1","title":"A virtual classroom can elicit teachers’ speech characteristics: evidence from acoustic measurements during in vivo and in virtuo lessons, compared to a free speech control situation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais; Cégep de l'Outaouais","funders":"Université de Liège; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Virtual reality; Computer science; Feeling; Noise (video); Intelligibility (philosophy); Psychology; Multimedia; Human–computer interaction; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0858139419063684,"gpt":0.3233247546205244,"spread":0.237510812714156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001080778,0.0002677043,0.0005162845,0.0002075524,0.0001419918,0.0001596802,0.0002933079,0.0001696049,0.00005480207],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01340119,0.0002811704,0.00005605503,0.0005663483,0.0001022714,0.0003039215,0.0001963082,0.0004224754,0.00001669239],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000611127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002435596,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006076338,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009694139,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9960762,0.0009648998,0.0007345166,0.0009772849,0.0007774016,0.0004696676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976753,0.00119977,0.0001570251,0.0006055877,0.0001221315,0.0002401739],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002861024,0.0002134274,0.06142793,0.00002514186,0.000006862776,0.00009482512,0.00381772,0.0007426235,0.9259552,0.00002374008,0.00002565025,0.007380817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001930271,0.0001304929,0.8942685,0.000565131,0.00002037385,0.000007505012,0.0008193569,0.004542395,0.09716431,0.000233209,0.00001448659,0.0003039851],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953224,0.00002177958,0.001294275,0.002136521,0.0002188713,0.0006164996,0.0003003716,0.00004555223,0.00004370328],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990953,0.00004065316,0.0002110262,0.0003756859,0.0001070225,0.00005584057,0.0000113543,0.00002416383,0.00007896058],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8328406,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999641,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4311874667","doi":"10.1007/s10055-022-00732-5","title":"Differences in virtual and physical head orientation predict sickness during active head-mounted display-based virtual reality","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Australian Research Council","keywords":"Virtual reality; Simulator sickness; Computer science; Optical head-mounted display; Metronome; Orientation (vector space); Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Perception; Motion sickness; Psychology; Mathematics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03170103843195381,"gpt":0.3247835973463963,"spread":0.2930825589144425,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000934545,0.0004670875,0.0006574835,0.0002999906,0.0008582697,0.0002627124,0.001043374,0.0001274286,0.00004134772],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004060946,0.0004594934,0.000141545,0.001551544,0.0003084927,0.001116442,0.0009155284,0.0007679312,0.00001427303],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006540981,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004321029,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00282068,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007904025,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9949747,0.000978064,0.0007152527,0.001336057,0.001244453,0.0007515285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972059,0.0007758481,0.0003571824,0.001107281,0.0001343847,0.000419391],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005849849,0.01295882,0.02873245,0.0003200181,0.0003762377,0.0002100627,0.04892125,0.04159963,0.03154016,0.5514428,0.001369056,0.2766796],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003367432,0.002360231,0.6281133,0.00008180663,0.00003332797,0.00002588695,0.002666106,0.3561083,0.002953824,0.002712603,0.0006927709,0.0008843504],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9428394,0.00001146727,0.05309303,0.001351887,0.0002181501,0.0007233102,0.001197292,0.000256588,0.0003088564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986036,0.000010812,0.00006180293,0.0002639233,0.0001206094,0.000431585,0.0003860962,0.00002699163,0.00009450992],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5993809,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997857,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4302293800","doi":"10.1007/s10055-022-00700-z","title":"Optimized virtual reality-based Method of Loci memorization techniques through increased immersion and effective memory palace designs: a feasibility study","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Sheridan College","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Memorization; Recall; Computer science; Task (project management); Virtual reality; Test (biology); Immersion (mathematics); Perspective (graphical); Human–computer interaction; Human memory; Multimedia; Cognitive psychology; Artificial intelligence; Cognition; Psychology; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0527565643060578,"gpt":0.3531491942366112,"spread":0.3003926299305534,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007671346,0.0004430316,0.0008562499,0.0002390834,0.0007499618,0.0001251707,0.001079748,0.0001544803,0.00004056931],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009198667,0.0004307247,0.0001962929,0.001685276,0.0002527621,0.0007646182,0.001052776,0.0005085733,0.00000239833],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005755123,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004435817,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006431161,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003762045,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9907548,0.005290186,0.0009669918,0.001326184,0.00118389,0.0004779414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9951033,0.001738286,0.0006847094,0.001847038,0.0003555166,0.0002711706],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00895058,0.02535148,0.003603777,0.000516678,0.0008963037,0.00007234525,0.03147055,0.08576287,0.09298136,0.1073681,0.005051219,0.6379747],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02158754,0.03588252,0.07142242,0.000185479,0.0007922671,0.0000927293,0.02524677,0.5597036,0.2563444,0.02305563,0.001922381,0.003764306],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1167855,0.00003025795,0.8778448,0.0006384186,0.00007923973,0.003589572,0.0001927878,0.000312397,0.000527007],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9599624,0.00001558911,0.03865508,0.0004178468,0.0000356372,0.0007337718,0.0001213397,0.00003006956,0.00002829549],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8431769,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998145,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367677811","doi":"10.1007/s10055-023-00799-8","title":"A scoping review of the use of lab streaming layer framework in virtual and augmented reality research","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Ottawa Hospital","funders":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Unidel Foundation; University of Delaware Research Foundation; Amazon Research Awards","keywords":"Computer science; Augmented reality; Virtual reality; Human–computer interaction; Multimedia; Task (project management); Synchronizing; Data science; Systems engineering; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4326520514434624,"gpt":0.484353772767296,"spread":0.05170172132383366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005669067,0.0003417949,0.002007786,0.0004011277,0.0001202346,0.00005651327,0.001660466,0.0004900942,0.000004116736],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007837941,0.0002388494,0.000286397,0.003427956,0.0006191611,0.0001727283,0.002135233,0.001520555,0.000005715093],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001661997,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007031838,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001120521,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003136721,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9934461,0.002820262,0.001505038,0.0008732837,0.0008567469,0.0004985376],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9921682,0.004590152,0.0008360304,0.002033181,0.0002912624,0.0000811545],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003826336,0.0001073492,0.00007306729,0.1031231,0.00006380262,0.00001182529,0.00008733619,0.000003064672,0.00000173958,0.03756547,0.0003625584,0.8585969],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001182859,0.0001550291,0.0007075167,0.9732932,0.00008336273,0.000008272421,0.00002305273,0.0001252675,0.00001432589,0.001205591,0.02398803,0.0002780851],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001726542,0.9910486,0.005911463,0.0004721805,0.0002067982,0.001827437,0.0001589445,0.0001401707,0.00006172514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0007732782,0.9984546,0.00050776,0.00004116422,0.00002515316,0.00009706661,0.00001223837,0.00002570692,0.00006305592],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8701701,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9739996,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048565343","doi":"10.1007/s10055-012-0212-7","title":"Evaluation of an electronic video game for improvement of balance","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Balance (ability); Computer science; Video game; Physical medicine and rehabilitation; Virtual reality; Test (biology); Simulation; Game design; Multimedia; Artificial intelligence; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0685278315080083,"gpt":0.4312954316369547,"spread":0.3627676001289464,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007881165,0.00009062533,0.000236269,0.00003674041,0.00008387153,0.000001222032,0.0001110611,0.0001329752,0.00003663296],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004201744,0.00008177699,0.0000733222,0.00009669593,0.00003684208,0.0002116612,0.00003177192,0.0001585037,0.000008698564],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002422522,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003605609,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003480879,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002402162,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978048,0.000579168,0.0005481378,0.0001625639,0.0004729227,0.0004324453],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984263,0.0001804885,0.0004596438,0.0003431299,0.0005079779,0.00008252989],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007424067,0.003442623,0.02184316,0.000977392,0.000197336,3.043229e-8,0.00435148,0.00001494598,0.648581,0.06355763,0.002379197,0.2539128],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004595701,0.001465185,0.9519677,0.00016834,0.0003065379,2.100664e-7,0.001203601,0.009557859,0.003331572,0.02273067,0.004457224,0.0002153825],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9926016,0.0001936397,0.003718683,0.0000819917,0.0003661011,0.001395388,0.0001191092,0.00002411812,0.001499376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989662,0.00004949507,0.0000805897,0.00008361566,0.00023956,0.0002827438,0.0001263922,0.00001157297,0.0001598512],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9301246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3334769,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394722675","doi":"10.1007/s10055-024-00991-4","title":"The geometry of the vergence-accommodation conflict in mixed reality systems","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Advanced Optical Imaging Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University; Toronto Metropolitan University; Synaptive (Canada); York University; University of Toronto","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Accommodation; Stereoscopy; Computer science; Vergence (optics); Virtual reality; Offset (computer science); Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Optics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03414209827911777,"gpt":0.2898691691253555,"spread":0.2557270708462377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005913471,0.0001082172,0.0001501257,0.00005165942,0.00005427523,0.00004906769,0.0003806794,0.00008788494,0.000002287677],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006275567,0.00006552049,0.00005205371,0.0006296877,0.0002204817,0.0001258184,0.0001262277,0.000319222,0.000008123712],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001370154,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000194253,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002870849,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001292221,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990363,0.00007205557,0.0003365092,0.0001525323,0.0002015743,0.0002009895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988701,0.000466881,0.00003075528,0.0005797195,0.00003121863,0.0000213806],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003465281,0.00005763803,0.003245451,0.0006181412,0.0001322509,0.00001028458,0.0004305263,0.2442748,0.01680825,0.6072425,0.008338185,0.1188073],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002843104,0.00006056642,0.1150545,0.0004892633,0.00003762447,0.000009229875,0.001330182,0.7658861,0.02251904,0.01946685,0.07439247,0.0004698406],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9140617,0.004048434,0.06548608,0.002433028,0.004168863,0.0007735643,0.0001791357,0.002005645,0.006843611],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995171,0.0002876,0.0000613013,0.000004743666,0.00002506265,0.00002740152,0.000004464153,0.00001407523,0.00005821699],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5877757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2671848,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362585462","doi":"10.1007/s10055-023-00786-z","title":"Sensory reweighting: a common mechanism for subjective visual vertical and cybersickness susceptibility","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Sensory system; Simulator sickness; Perception; Audiology; Vestibular system; Virtual reality; Motion sickness; Somatosensory system; Psychology; Computer science; Medicine; Cognitive psychology; Neuroscience; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04573007022060581,"gpt":0.3314818140232128,"spread":0.2857517438026069,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001352555,0.0002173731,0.0003320387,0.0001176476,0.0003886768,0.0001737976,0.000444399,0.0001577683,0.000003870955],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008359997,0.0002027222,0.0001057796,0.0007005169,0.0001813366,0.0004162935,0.0004255612,0.0001894411,0.00004961825],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001243452,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001168664,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004646405,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002275981,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977538,0.0002129148,0.0003766493,0.00076056,0.0003622028,0.0005338659],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976623,0.0009794364,0.0000724897,0.0007460383,0.0002170161,0.0003227362],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008623178,0.0001880492,0.000395257,0.00003725324,0.00003380384,0.000005542673,0.001392782,0.00001486073,0.009481339,0.9538274,0.0008240248,0.03371346],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002206228,0.002064153,0.1177718,0.00005659602,0.00006800884,0.00003668049,0.001496347,0.3852011,0.03865856,0.4490337,0.002294771,0.001112156],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7049755,0.000005143021,0.2908763,0.002212479,0.0001449802,0.0005745848,0.00006619946,0.0004668299,0.0006779401],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983938,0.00001876585,0.0008227177,0.000391067,0.00007807664,0.00008665792,0.00003336883,0.00001610984,0.0001594252],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5047937,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8266771,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092752456","doi":"10.1007/s10055-004-0128-y","title":"A system for desktop conceptual 3D design","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Human–computer interaction; Process (computing); Virtual reality; Selection (genetic algorithm); Virtual desktop; Creativity; Artificial intelligence; Virtual machine; Programming language","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05758340780103235,"gpt":0.3000079542317966,"spread":0.2424245464307642,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004076288,0.0001380249,0.0001816751,0.00004382266,0.0001574746,0.0000732293,0.0005328404,0.00006596251,0.000004942813],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001479148,0.0001229251,0.0001047467,0.0001539526,0.00008201965,0.0004533929,0.0000949409,0.00008995254,0.0001049298],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002304352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000159282,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001519496,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005255352,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988068,0.0001036667,0.0002160681,0.0003769205,0.0001888111,0.0003076913],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989684,0.0002477368,0.00009347938,0.0003961302,0.0001960255,0.00009823954],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001286031,0.000118777,0.00001559148,0.00002352007,0.00005056468,0.00001763485,0.002542265,0.001422365,0.02482801,0.9645479,0.002492457,0.003812266],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008199375,0.004747691,0.004664516,0.0003818419,0.00009232325,0.0001450848,0.007449327,0.03736958,0.8956183,0.01496217,0.02463526,0.001734552],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00473582,0.00001999339,0.9914261,0.000348499,0.0004965025,0.000367433,0.00002631125,0.00006107307,0.002518236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9870042,0.000001438148,0.01232117,0.0003955766,0.0000894252,0.00006189556,0.000007525294,0.000007917615,0.0001108843],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9822683,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5012741,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403891780","doi":"10.1007/s10055-024-01057-1","title":"The presence of an avatar can reduce cybersickness in Virtual Reality","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Durham College; Toronto Metropolitan University; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Avatar; Computer science; Virtual reality; Computer graphics (images); Immersion (mathematics); Human–computer interaction; Computer graphics; Computer vision; Multimedia; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04028737446979692,"gpt":0.3237766659132071,"spread":0.2834892914434102,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003034189,0.0002624098,0.0003329476,0.0001483519,0.0002647754,0.000412199,0.002129333,0.0001482328,0.000008727367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007210806,0.0001976843,0.0001134482,0.001579012,0.0004515199,0.00104201,0.0005032173,0.0004417822,0.00002465424],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002130604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006252551,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009217313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003729888,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965135,0.000566647,0.0007483167,0.0008474614,0.0007449628,0.000579128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962084,0.001012099,0.0001556189,0.002162061,0.0001572713,0.0003045269],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005021234,0.0002380361,0.00004032836,0.00003401949,0.00002924534,0.000018993,0.003358248,0.001140327,0.002372593,0.7010217,0.002871893,0.2888244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001573482,0.00266461,0.07483943,0.0006792893,0.00007723774,0.000126111,0.004050638,0.6118938,0.03207091,0.1452024,0.1247442,0.002077864],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7240331,0.0005830033,0.2351635,0.02425557,0.00159994,0.001588786,0.0006198047,0.0008219651,0.01133433],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988478,0.0001433096,0.0002325691,0.0001373069,0.0001040582,0.00005719011,0.00003183619,0.00001725916,0.0004286384],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6107535,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9973804,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066592508","doi":"10.1007/s10055-010-0174-6","title":"Interactive multi-modal suturing","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Teleoperation and Haptic Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Haptic technology; Modal; Computer graphics; Wound closure; Fibrous joint; Simulation; Soft tissue; Computer graphics (images); Surgery; Wound healing; Materials science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02092519849775555,"gpt":0.27113642182565,"spread":0.2502112233278945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001359564,0.00009002444,0.0001057816,0.00003385892,0.00004056386,0.00004273228,0.00008674295,0.00007103974,0.0001644494],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007476484,0.00008377535,0.00003701129,0.00005049216,0.00002174569,0.0001292869,0.00001762899,0.0002479537,0.0001774108],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002769319,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001010499,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001587653,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006624783,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994898,0.00001692104,0.0001557011,0.0001130746,0.00009160858,0.0001329296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996423,0.00004628681,0.00001472212,0.0001892434,0.00002900912,0.00007849772],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006252104,0.0002780483,0.006350128,0.0001146482,0.0002342418,0.00003464039,0.01103459,0.01195354,0.8115008,0.04090218,0.01103181,0.1065029],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002193836,0.0001166491,0.1800144,0.00006340275,0.00002817524,0.00007119153,0.001936236,0.5558959,0.09444932,0.000118102,0.1639856,0.001127196],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9592941,0.000008653496,0.01895232,0.00006253534,0.003098679,0.0001260524,0.00002008274,0.000489595,0.01794801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989272,0.000002372861,0.0002862445,0.00002901722,0.0003546186,0.00001134618,0.000007085062,0.00001503229,0.0003670356],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7170514,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.341626,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2168044572","doi":"10.1007/s10055-010-0166-6","title":"GPU-based real-time acoustical occlusion modeling","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Speech and Audio Processing","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Graphics processing unit; Computer graphics; Graphics; Computer graphics (images); Virtual reality; Diffraction; Obstacle; Real-time computer graphics; General-purpose computing on graphics processing units; 3D computer graphics; Artificial intelligence; Parallel computing; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02091808827685803,"gpt":0.2820267883708502,"spread":0.2611087000939922,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006857416,0.0001523021,0.0001767541,0.00006680586,0.0002524006,0.0001868053,0.0007006179,0.0001410683,0.00005390933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003260494,0.0001331752,0.00007061283,0.0002819863,0.00006474123,0.0003667779,0.0002606343,0.0003324325,0.0001532168],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003194661,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002308665,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001217156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001996703,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984322,0.00005534945,0.0002519644,0.0004692354,0.0004227714,0.0003685338],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987888,0.0001386542,0.00006420344,0.0006650191,0.0001188765,0.0002244207],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000406235,0.0002018523,0.0001827364,0.00002114956,0.000007547018,0.00005723479,0.0001721705,0.009955912,0.8554493,0.004969661,0.001099057,0.1278427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002281854,0.00005771875,0.0002430969,0.00001607568,0.000004809986,0.000009146903,0.000005267513,0.9511468,0.04443768,0.003497174,0.0001722661,0.0001817125],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2692401,0.000003270575,0.7250333,0.0008616141,0.000258688,0.00006193884,0.000004183247,0.0003382546,0.004198537],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9353429,0.000002879005,0.06396683,0.0003891524,0.0001647094,0.000002938209,0.000006967066,0.00001039152,0.0001132323],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.941191,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5430729,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4381800471","doi":"10.1007/s10055-023-00820-0","title":"Body ownership illusion through virtual reality as modulator variable for limbs rehabilitation after stroke: a systematic review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery","field":"Medicine","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)","funders":"Università di Bologna; European Commission","keywords":"Illusion; Rehabilitation; Embodied cognition; Physical medicine and rehabilitation; Virtual reality; Stroke (engine); Psychology; Computer science; Physical therapy; Medicine; Human–computer interaction; Cognitive psychology; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06725628295939183,"gpt":0.3811879978620088,"spread":0.313931714902617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00611449,0.001181702,0.007381938,0.0004099505,0.0002418016,0.0000916939,0.0004563818,0.001230761,0.000214422],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02906931,0.0008259598,0.003106751,0.001316075,0.000303921,0.0003549833,0.0002407208,0.000944879,0.0006197605],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001430385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001584634,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002921632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002221794,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9896172,0.002314374,0.003943637,0.001733341,0.001512403,0.0008790666],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9857953,0.008696216,0.001668645,0.002498578,0.0008319716,0.0005092758],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002532334,0.0005308999,0.000004002514,0.9754452,0.000972978,0.00001441893,0.0002516803,0.000002741207,0.000002682876,0.006506913,0.005880357,0.01013486],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008650919,0.002733064,0.00004112406,0.599307,0.009262698,0.00006158427,0.0003027125,0.00007102123,6.520528e-7,0.0008233222,0.3857663,0.0007654544],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00005254493,0.9701959,0.002223253,0.0009516781,0.001479799,0.02120146,0.002294224,0.0005350528,0.001066063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001250458,0.9770635,0.0007101119,0.0008543415,0.0006500611,0.007185825,0.002087824,0.0002596933,0.01106358],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3798859,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994192,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001402298","doi":"10.1007/s10055-012-0218-1","title":"Dwelling in Second Life? A phenomenological evaluation of online virtual worlds","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Prince Edward Island","funders":"","keywords":"Metaverse; Computer science; Conceptualization; Leverage (statistics); Phenomenology (philosophy); Virtual reality; Human–computer interaction; Virtual world; Space (punctuation); Virtual space; Data science; Epistemology; Artificial intelligence; Philosophy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1106505022591352,"gpt":0.3519391771517714,"spread":0.2412886748926363,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003848151,0.0001905323,0.0003439737,0.0002056361,0.00007284045,0.00004846375,0.0006833308,0.0001506094,0.0001734005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008788443,0.000171495,0.00008080672,0.0009359434,0.0001170426,0.000799583,0.0002735648,0.0002735006,0.00003377739],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002028701,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002950003,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001756325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002108326,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971682,0.0004733024,0.0006706844,0.0003897658,0.0007901414,0.0005079363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981213,0.0003073253,0.0002423046,0.000799309,0.0002062048,0.0003235845],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006926035,0.002891207,0.004480617,0.00002633931,0.00005571952,0.000001054718,0.005650043,0.005152663,0.003310592,0.5904859,0.0006882043,0.3871884],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00334912,0.00111462,0.5816312,0.0001014792,0.0000775528,0.00001364216,0.002071352,0.3703613,0.002706032,0.02705305,0.01049223,0.001028438],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8948765,0.0002188995,0.09865883,0.0006982147,0.0001761941,0.0003834245,0.00007553128,0.0000727463,0.004839697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982018,0.00002457899,0.001166006,0.0003094687,0.0001364969,0.00003790441,0.00003925863,0.000008903168,0.00007559058],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5771506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6993363,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032738741","doi":"10.1007/s10055-006-0023-9","title":"Linking GIS with real-time visualisation for exploration of landscape changes in rural community workshops","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Computer science; Rendering (computer graphics); Geographic information system; GIS applications; Visualization; Virtual reality; Human–computer interaction; Multimedia; Plan (archaeology); Landscape planning; World Wide Web; Computer graphics (images); Remote sensing; Environmental resource management; Geography; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04609017011299436,"gpt":0.3135869477852831,"spread":0.2674967776722887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001012379,0.0001165716,0.0001990157,0.0002165164,0.0001180434,0.00008709159,0.0003477524,0.0000780361,0.000001476811],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002441979,0.0001057672,0.00003620683,0.0006319677,0.00004228401,0.0005332079,0.0001089645,0.0001033017,3.751571e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003040484,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003452229,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001501392,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002057858,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989172,0.0002547216,0.0002974659,0.0001654789,0.0002113535,0.0001538274],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989289,0.0002620023,0.0002090856,0.0003926258,0.0001819956,0.00002540795],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000144091,0.0005821317,0.00900322,0.0001048588,0.00001662737,0.000001254254,0.005143777,0.0006103151,0.003774174,0.9167003,0.000653071,0.06326615],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001644256,0.001934581,0.1075659,0.0005248017,0.00001775406,0.000003105037,0.0005492792,0.7463271,0.0323279,0.1080311,0.0004358069,0.0006384382],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2819117,0.000005884866,0.7172524,0.0001823762,0.0000294111,0.000254908,0.000007820377,0.0001517643,0.0002037475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995119,0.00003074833,0.004498005,0.00003711515,0.000051594,0.00005499182,0.0001784151,0.000008978633,0.00002119097],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8086693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4313063,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406033277","doi":"10.1007/s10055-024-01084-y","title":"Virtual reality game-based training for preventing falls among community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a pilot randomized control trial study","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Southern Queensland","keywords":"Virtual reality; Randomized controlled trial; Cognitive training; Cognitive impairment; Cognition; Physical medicine and rehabilitation; Computer science; Serious game; Physical therapy; Medicine; Human–computer interaction; Multimedia; Psychiatry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06122256590301638,"gpt":0.3854761194455942,"spread":0.3242535535425778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01822875,0.0006281827,0.002073498,0.0002680027,0.002270022,0.00007395038,0.0004750374,0.0003841849,0.0000222213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002976265,0.0005224822,0.0005262901,0.0005204081,0.0004463772,0.0003136629,0.0001454419,0.001994039,0.000008946882],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002959619,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000876615,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005131522,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004969945,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9794447,0.01564384,0.002260077,0.0008589188,0.0006424483,0.00114995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9817687,0.01507002,0.00139403,0.0007963539,0.0006931814,0.0002777594],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"randomized_trial","study_design_gemma":"randomized_trial","study_design_scores_codex":[0.9463649,0.009495404,0.006510609,0.0007136833,0.001060402,0.000004486909,0.03127681,0.00005471037,0.00003129603,0.0007450309,0.0002364897,0.003506126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.8303018,0.004825609,0.08819185,0.004211007,0.001010803,2.354069e-7,0.06350918,0.006950241,0.000005725404,0.0004972034,0.00002489935,0.0004714734],"study_design_candidate":"randomized_trial","study_design_consensus":"randomized_trial","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8784684,0.00003686308,0.09159798,0.000206097,0.0006930613,0.02700476,0.0005189574,0.0003216507,0.001152262],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9901429,0.00001410422,0.00007387649,0.0007914134,0.000370437,0.007225979,0.0005759016,0.00006899152,0.0007364323],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1160632,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997227,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029157887","doi":"10.1007/s10055-006-0048-0","title":"The design and realization of CoViD: a system for collaborative virtual 3D design","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Human–computer interaction; Process (computing); Conceptual design; Set (abstract data type); Table (database); Engineering design process; User interface; Interface (matter); Design process; Iterative design; Realization (probability); Multimedia; Work in process","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03378365659052321,"gpt":0.2847962583651314,"spread":0.2510126017746083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001173958,0.000131681,0.0001886603,0.00004835333,0.0003294606,0.0001065514,0.0003246814,0.00006199994,7.412691e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002815761,0.00009475043,0.00004150605,0.0003097613,0.0001275794,0.000334013,0.00007341177,0.00005322575,0.000002508612],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001002895,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001999165,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002450043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002188209,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984003,0.0005772873,0.0003099185,0.0002980876,0.0002101882,0.0002042733],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971592,0.001738295,0.0002473992,0.0003033979,0.0005013915,0.0000502607],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004450926,0.00006235974,0.00002930791,0.00002720839,0.00004311337,0.000002301736,0.001073014,0.004366012,0.0178009,0.9628322,0.01075088,0.00256763],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003627175,0.005393859,0.004809093,0.0002102991,0.0001266099,0.00003223937,0.007699013,0.615282,0.3248031,0.01950401,0.01759281,0.0009198235],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.000826533,0.00006808905,0.9971961,0.0002158002,0.000183885,0.0007474652,0.00005176666,0.00002209922,0.0006882687],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942054,0.00002019409,0.005354112,0.000074747,0.00005055176,0.00009309831,0.00001600421,0.000008799395,0.000177136],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9933788,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.386381,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390144650","doi":"10.1007/s10055-023-00907-8","title":"The distinction between first-person perspective and third-person perspective in virtual bodily self-consciousness","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Ministry of Science and Technology","keywords":"Embodied cognition; Avatar; Virtual reality; Perspective (graphical); Illusion; Mainstream; Consciousness; Psychology; Computer science; Cognitive psychology; Human–computer interaction; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03746407307093276,"gpt":0.2992140819880263,"spread":0.2617500089170936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001814329,0.0003497038,0.0003923595,0.0002506419,0.001130915,0.0005076086,0.0009027867,0.0002021959,0.000003535207],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001042136,0.0002788333,0.00009134942,0.001836833,0.0003626684,0.000794551,0.0003041663,0.000526126,0.0001071241],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009734264,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002420931,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007849901,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003057029,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968434,0.0003704408,0.0003731849,0.001046953,0.0006373121,0.0007287325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996823,0.001421835,0.0001976159,0.0009450279,0.0003123847,0.0003001711],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007948941,0.0002052652,0.004458853,0.0000165763,0.0001230225,0.00001831136,0.04844372,0.0002260712,0.0001878538,0.9138609,0.004129947,0.02825006],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00163608,0.001497751,0.8107303,0.00008258344,0.00006516853,0.00002537315,0.1038912,0.04224208,0.000263081,0.03145152,0.007087426,0.001027402],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8452222,0.0003341996,0.06282514,0.06159328,0.0007386184,0.002055114,0.0002741744,0.002009748,0.02494754],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988441,0.0001984024,0.0001045826,0.0001393463,0.0001977388,0.000115192,0.00001617426,0.00002352696,0.0003609112],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8824093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999664,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3202501680","doi":"10.1007/s10055-021-00579-2","title":"Effects of system- and media-driven immersive capabilities on presence and affective experience","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Trent University; Nottingham Trent University","keywords":"Virtual reality; Arousal; Feeling; Stimulus (psychology); Immersion (mathematics); Psychology; Computer science; Distraction; Valence (chemistry); Sense of presence; Salience (neuroscience); Cognitive psychology; Human–computer interaction; Social psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01529181998609022,"gpt":0.2673069673800374,"spread":0.2520151473939472,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002240822,0.0001484144,0.0002790694,0.00005225947,0.0001198757,0.00007207203,0.0002633282,0.00007229083,0.000001266022],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009516147,0.0001315826,0.00003865266,0.0002946848,0.0003320297,0.0003406126,0.0003214813,0.0001093386,0.000002551314],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006229789,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009460146,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004366214,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004408291,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984853,0.0002640267,0.0002143325,0.0005075464,0.0003137729,0.0002149764],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970787,0.001936954,0.0001086688,0.0005304644,0.0001534597,0.0001917219],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005131633,0.0002838848,0.0007878099,0.0006749028,0.00005575297,0.00004071818,0.04935975,0.00007586517,0.05192359,0.8635253,0.0001634215,0.03305771],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001856336,0.001703185,0.2133053,0.001081349,0.00006049282,0.0001179273,0.02565385,0.02108994,0.7263739,0.00729735,0.0005856694,0.0008746784],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9508187,0.0002922386,0.04710128,0.0002929569,0.0001240187,0.0003250044,0.00003335714,0.00004490458,0.0009675309],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992953,0.0001243957,0.0003924943,0.00007572409,0.00002327113,0.00005310747,0.000003159488,0.000005165459,0.00002736435],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8562279,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5365781,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399899700","doi":"10.1007/s10055-024-01024-w","title":"Perspective matters: a systematic review of immersive virtual reality to reduce racial prejudice","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ernest Oppenheimer Memorial Trust; National Research Foundation; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Perspective (graphical); Computer science; Virtual reality; Prejudice (legal term); Human–computer interaction; Computer graphics; Computer graphics (images); Artificial intelligence; Psychology; Social psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07099817624906889,"gpt":0.3987668427347914,"spread":0.3277686664857225,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004160787,0.001229358,0.005980542,0.0006284985,0.000211192,0.0003498752,0.003925629,0.0005462886,0.00003413918],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003585156,0.0009668677,0.001737596,0.003913133,0.0002751221,0.0006533414,0.001779367,0.001076935,0.001037891],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001823418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001985629,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001215448,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004388661,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9898045,0.002045244,0.003344696,0.002239498,0.001656362,0.0009096647],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9908541,0.001103004,0.001917465,0.004363218,0.0009550109,0.0008072362],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001220369,0.0002417932,5.905469e-9,0.7708771,0.0006919749,0.00002158476,0.002042949,0.000002158932,0.000003907362,0.1358847,0.03751325,0.05270837],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001398416,0.000587668,7.344462e-7,0.7270476,0.003907841,0.0001088219,0.0004415077,0.00007192469,0.00001243371,0.00128724,0.2653158,0.001078517],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[3.443774e-7,0.9363164,0.0473988,0.004602035,0.0005634475,0.006946027,0.001331665,0.0002313693,0.002609912],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00008354684,0.9948696,0.0002575062,0.002203939,0.0002655654,0.001292718,0.0001527391,0.00009495831,0.0007793584],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2278026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997399,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3027447258","doi":"10.1007/s10055-020-00443-9","title":"Using virtual reality to optimize assessment of sociomoral skills","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Action Observation and Synchronization","field":"Psychology","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Université de Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Empathy; Psychology; Virtual reality; Maturity (psychological); Interpersonal Reactivity Index; Empathic concern; Developmental psychology; Cognitive psychology; Social psychology; Medicine; Computer science; Perspective-taking; Human–computer interaction","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.165118667287255,"gpt":0.4358212510479458,"spread":0.2707025837606909,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00060959,0.0001802322,0.0003676417,0.00006151782,0.000115867,0.00002679159,0.0002120964,0.0001774211,0.002148812],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000303477,0.0001850899,0.0001173091,0.0005136132,0.00009290719,0.0001690657,0.0001000783,0.0002103426,0.00008479602],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000200613,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001581493,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006063755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000218747,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977564,0.0004689876,0.0006419946,0.000455307,0.0004167309,0.0002605632],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986801,0.00013904,0.0002872729,0.0003954611,0.0002226728,0.0002754738],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001282455,0.003674211,0.1121861,0.0001469484,0.0008296824,0.00004403396,0.03384855,0.1604917,0.0265311,0.4661277,0.1185604,0.07627719],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004810458,0.002220397,0.8149772,0.00006416448,0.0001794312,0.00001080704,0.007559404,0.132055,0.002053909,0.0006806206,0.03418462,0.001203924],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3283603,0.000004369806,0.6537445,0.005140099,0.0006050744,0.0003985708,0.0001922403,0.0001361238,0.01141879],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934464,0.00000348844,0.00275482,0.00288701,0.0002516899,0.00001399292,0.0001108208,0.00002444383,0.000507367],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7027912,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987634,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017919154","doi":"10.1007/s10055-014-0242-4","title":"Learning disabilities and visual-motor skills; comparing assessment from a hapto-virtual reality tool and Bender-Gestalt test","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Children's Physical and Motor Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais; Laurentian University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Health Canada","keywords":"Psychology; Virtual reality; Task (project management); Test (biology); Motor skill; Learning disability; Intervention (counseling); Developmental psychology; Cognitive psychology; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02444551244163545,"gpt":0.3209779302707848,"spread":0.2965324178291493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000835832,0.0004095931,0.0006730456,0.00005803639,0.0003622887,0.0001503202,0.0001692223,0.0001839274,0.0001885125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000676451,0.0003733353,0.0000976937,0.0001140132,0.0004751621,0.0001765784,0.0004029387,0.0005597226,0.00003743502],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001366947,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005597034,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003912663,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003446901,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969049,0.0005315729,0.0006151299,0.0009904489,0.0004184162,0.0005395412],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966776,0.002323695,0.000193713,0.0004206348,0.00006453276,0.0003198513],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000304384,0.00229036,0.6931396,0.00006177541,0.0003244592,0.000007536746,0.009939345,0.00003074972,0.002432748,0.04034787,0.001345084,0.2497761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001395596,0.001009746,0.9848678,0.00005903518,0.0000521142,0.000005121783,0.001989691,0.001561076,0.000106031,0.002739455,0.005717,0.000497335],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9889826,0.00002907465,0.002383854,0.0004682735,0.0003056771,0.0004116702,0.0001566005,0.0001930183,0.007069241],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977103,0.0000299673,0.0001508875,0.0002062745,0.0003780452,0.00007394562,0.0002204912,0.00003678758,0.00119323],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2917282,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998719,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390946601","doi":"10.1007/s10055-023-00909-6","title":"Testing the ‘differences in virtual and physical head pose’ and ‘subjective vertical conflict’ accounts of cybersickness","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Australian Research Council; University of Wollongong","keywords":"Lag; Simulator sickness; Phase lag; Computer science; Virtual reality; Head (geology); Psychology; Simulation; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06904325969732936,"gpt":0.3235022288287256,"spread":0.2544589691313963,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006166654,0.000165466,0.0002757316,0.00008246804,0.0001138269,0.0002348404,0.0003781253,0.0000715464,0.000001507899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004982332,0.0001124233,0.00003574019,0.0006770864,0.0004550407,0.0004672268,0.0003390817,0.0002636773,0.000005126789],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000486019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001418721,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001453388,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001105026,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985202,0.0001580061,0.0002707442,0.0004694706,0.0003179171,0.0002636458],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977385,0.001644028,0.00003962485,0.0003801748,0.00007476933,0.0001229227],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005231486,0.0002828221,0.005824293,0.00006361389,0.00005727465,0.00001228037,0.01843577,0.00002769513,0.01042274,0.6792663,0.0001182723,0.2854366],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004161031,0.0007200771,0.7935863,0.0001882385,0.00002697224,0.00003599222,0.001192918,0.1845658,0.001526598,0.01706895,0.0003770554,0.0002950923],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9826718,0.00014332,0.01461315,0.001220166,0.00008333718,0.0002151858,0.00003398956,0.00006536966,0.0009536919],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996648,0.00002827582,0.00008322826,0.0001197779,0.00006080776,0.00001833942,0.000001702492,0.000006751381,0.00001629237],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7877619,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4584489,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1140328563","doi":"10.1007/s10055-015-0269-1","title":"A cross-cultural comparison of salient perceptual characteristics of height channels for a virtual auditory environment","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Multisensory perception and integration","field":"Psychology","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Loudspeaker; Active listening; Perception; Auditory perception; Auditory display; Computer science; Microphone; Auditory scene analysis; Audiology; Anechoic chamber; Speech recognition; Acoustics; Psychology; Communication; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1608762540867939,"gpt":0.4274713166386747,"spread":0.2665950625518808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005327274,0.0002173654,0.0005254609,0.00007146133,0.00006590573,0.0000230613,0.0001911581,0.0002332283,0.001790142],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002540902,0.0001853129,0.0001867406,0.00006177484,0.0005070378,0.0001417248,0.00005174815,0.0001657153,0.0001766664],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001533538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004432473,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000241038,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001499765,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978355,0.0002389897,0.0008829074,0.0003718341,0.000405838,0.0002649449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985061,0.0001268944,0.0004650488,0.0004057093,0.0003040898,0.0001921767],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01147602,0.01030683,0.04402297,0.0002206567,0.0006864539,0.000006661793,0.278399,0.00171452,0.1915879,0.07633723,0.2271129,0.1581288],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00767742,0.009068921,0.738602,0.00009779439,0.0001807632,0.000009632147,0.05899474,0.01069577,0.00906413,0.0002412376,0.1643314,0.001036167],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9869675,0.00001810205,0.007547256,0.00009550276,0.002169559,0.0004697811,0.0007339136,0.00003561158,0.001962751],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957999,0.000008137496,0.0001421737,0.00008020261,0.000523988,0.00007332385,0.0003872371,0.00002044205,0.00296461],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6945791,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991224,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400939915","doi":"10.1007/s10055-024-01033-9","title":"Augmented reality navigation in external ventricular drain insertion—a systematic review and meta-analysis","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Karolinska Institutet","keywords":"Augmented reality; Medicine; Grading (engineering); Cochrane Library; Computer science; MEDLINE; Meta-analysis; Medical physics; Artificial intelligence; Pathology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07031827899351778,"gpt":0.3413378548879309,"spread":0.2710195758944132,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001729477,0.0002101879,0.001132476,0.000189456,0.00008943911,0.0001463924,0.0001874109,0.00006595784,0.0001541873],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008345686,0.0001545878,0.0004965689,0.00168501,0.00007329111,0.00027794,0.00008216559,0.0002141415,0.00004391968],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001357046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003750472,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006436628,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008179191,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969549,0.0008576738,0.0007855613,0.0006428282,0.0005273286,0.0002317314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990147,0.000266929,0.0001307168,0.0004265326,0.0000423513,0.000118777],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"meta_analysis","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001978864,0.0015979,0.0006367406,0.6579876,0.03971125,0.002958998,0.002012745,0.001131365,0.06535909,0.2257677,0.00181311,0.0008256246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001029904,0.0005558046,0.0106282,0.01553411,0.8756567,0.0005120986,0.0001371697,0.05691693,0.01658723,0.01995548,0.0006110487,0.001875328],"study_design_candidate":"meta_analysis","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6468878,0.2878317,0.02940471,0.01976217,0.0006164858,0.01024408,0.001511946,0.001174859,0.002566278],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975,0.0009217095,0.000011031,0.0009842913,0.00001713379,0.0001266347,0.00002805469,0.00001141676,0.0003997035],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8359454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6303909,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008765050","doi":"10.1007/s100550200009","title":"Simulating Self-Motion II: A Virtual Reality Tricycle","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Augmented Reality Applications","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Virtual reality; Computer graphics (images); Computer graphics; Motion (physics); Computer vision; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04820007273176964,"gpt":0.2940555602233374,"spread":0.2458554874915678,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00125049,0.0003269336,0.0003737056,0.0001560318,0.0008888271,0.0001931771,0.001265431,0.000228787,0.0001020071],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004074299,0.000331592,0.0001881709,0.001342765,0.0001243387,0.0008914318,0.0007760826,0.000423698,0.0003013214],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003686274,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005798921,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005123902,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006785997,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962816,0.0004467363,0.0007948414,0.001012142,0.0008286166,0.000636053],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968295,0.000431062,0.0003655942,0.001844253,0.000189079,0.0003405528],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000234733,0.002805515,0.0004395219,0.00004262001,0.000147669,0.00002111849,0.006710952,0.02398151,0.001412618,0.5056931,0.01802591,0.440696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008720382,0.0003311628,0.004841065,0.00002107118,0.00003249386,0.00001840862,0.000121469,0.9642661,0.0007142613,0.005848818,0.02240895,0.0005241892],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03250314,0.0000337039,0.9415525,0.005782045,0.0002646529,0.0006128691,0.00006479678,0.001520937,0.01766538],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961253,0.0000362828,0.002181907,0.0004906133,0.0002043655,0.00007080072,0.00003576597,0.00002332601,0.0008316613],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9636222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999136,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3109485677","doi":"10.1007/s10055-020-00488-w","title":"Quantitative measures of the visually evoked sensation of body movement in space (Vection) using Electrovestibulography (EVestG)","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Vestibular and auditory disorders","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Brain Institute; University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Sensation; Computer science; Movement (music); Virtual reality; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Space (punctuation); Computer graphics (images); Cognitive psychology; Psychology; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0886069617524769,"gpt":0.3175329125624146,"spread":0.2289259508099377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002973634,0.0001178078,0.0002023455,0.00007327314,0.00007141326,0.00001089944,0.000171671,0.00004943139,0.000005412589],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002112378,0.0000961745,0.00008454416,0.000897122,0.0002349019,0.0001298407,0.00004967801,0.0001575485,0.000001082245],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003687741,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000125621,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005037431,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001120339,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982718,0.0005051472,0.0003355052,0.0002810184,0.0004426017,0.0001639412],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992279,0.0001924906,0.0002774583,0.0001809101,0.00007125612,0.00004994929],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001235093,0.0001120422,0.007768209,0.00002033138,0.000007897105,7.650007e-7,0.0007638548,0.01820429,0.9595345,0.01330501,0.00004383894,0.0001157479],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004565192,0.0006779987,0.05914096,0.00004216351,0.00002237422,6.83846e-7,0.0004322352,0.02011653,0.9160926,0.002810857,0.00006746165,0.0001395619],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9849021,0.00001558375,0.01349301,0.0007761706,0.0001388736,0.000289573,0.00002723798,0.00002134804,0.0003360833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994824,0.00001283978,0.00009825501,0.0003631239,0.00002216021,0.000003329874,0.000001378027,0.000009399992,0.000007096689],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05137276,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3921882,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3118950340","doi":"10.1007/s10055-020-00490-2","title":"Surface Prediction for Spatial Augmented Reality Applications","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Augmented Reality Applications","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Augmented reality; Computer vision; Surface (topology); Position (finance); Artificial intelligence; Kalman filter; Projection (relational algebra); Road surface; Surface reconstruction; Algorithm; Mathematics; Geometry; Materials science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04115415136855371,"gpt":0.3095520687874792,"spread":0.2683979174189254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007652532,0.0002020995,0.0002528907,0.00004177141,0.0004519793,0.0001496217,0.0007209136,0.0001587815,0.00002508611],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001762061,0.0002198751,0.0001559145,0.0007320935,0.0001068666,0.0003473029,0.0003333827,0.0001895526,0.00005075191],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002397191,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003587705,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005486012,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003755311,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975106,0.0002104225,0.0005570998,0.0008904925,0.0004435608,0.00038784],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970554,0.0003352001,0.000210225,0.001686205,0.0004899148,0.0002230272],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004833225,0.001281149,0.0004647167,0.00009738254,0.0001673033,0.000004163836,0.0004177118,0.006749913,0.01626654,0.8052459,0.02755275,0.1417042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002096239,0.0002600919,0.01957547,0.00004112472,0.0001168711,0.00003990398,0.0002480051,0.3949619,0.04112296,0.05590582,0.4848395,0.0007921252],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00107558,0.00003934481,0.9859079,0.007036236,0.0002199747,0.00109246,0.0009157259,0.000546037,0.003166798],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9757631,0.00008664476,0.01860863,0.0006674219,0.0003730603,0.001210088,0.0016038,0.00003288576,0.001654313],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9746876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8966248,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410245848","doi":"10.1007/s10055-025-01155-8","title":"Effects of game-based rehabilitation on upper limb motor function following acute and sub-acute stroke: a systematic review, meta-analyses, and GRADE evidence synthesis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery","field":"Medicine","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Rehabilitation; Physical medicine and rehabilitation; Computer science; Stroke (engine); Meta-analysis; Acute stroke; Motor function; Function (biology); Physical therapy; Medicine; Psychiatry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03660747427659799,"gpt":0.3538930038338767,"spread":0.3172855295572787,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001568692,0.0002494242,0.001573434,0.0003375572,0.00006467025,0.0000223905,0.0000610381,0.0001206496,0.000008045748],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01507568,0.0001681452,0.0008507991,0.0003695746,0.000121289,0.0001500789,0.00002674826,0.0001544045,0.000002687777],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000126677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001051171,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005497337,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004710044,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997124,0.0009686054,0.0008007669,0.0004548573,0.000488074,0.0001636545],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9871043,0.01185421,0.000293855,0.0004783237,0.0001526654,0.0001166407],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"meta_analysis","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005459114,0.0009303552,0.004654999,0.6186328,0.03196546,0.00002979535,0.0002939679,0.00002113832,0.333798,0.001095499,0.001098592,0.002020283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00492276,0.01309072,0.2708133,0.2269137,0.3934512,0.00001697783,0.0005344475,0.002017691,0.08706339,0.0003186277,0.00009971138,0.0007574724],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9567276,0.0319123,0.003643711,0.003165824,0.0002463917,0.004112975,0.00005712646,0.0000706564,0.00006341933],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953327,0.002532236,0.000416642,0.0008075784,0.00001412157,0.000577672,0.000009311834,0.00001431223,0.0002954548],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3917191,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9932207,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046194796","doi":"10.1007/s10055-009-0132-3","title":"Toward the development of interactive virtual dissection with haptic feedback","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Anatomy and Medical Technology","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Haptic technology; Computer science; Virtual reality; Human–computer interaction; Dissection (medical); Collision detection; Simulation; Key (lock); Collision; Anatomy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01751915816298865,"gpt":0.2532038575691181,"spread":0.2356846994061294,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001456218,0.00009832427,0.000141011,0.00003551419,0.00003913095,0.000005223143,0.0001284796,0.00008238231,0.00002389277],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006350211,0.00006163387,0.00002579001,0.0001520127,0.00009573557,0.00006399213,0.00001774152,0.0002307447,0.00001185221],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006898312,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003371481,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008907166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000437286,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999381,0.00001901829,0.0001943211,0.0001092133,0.000150005,0.0001464299],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999677,0.00006339465,0.00003351004,0.000149365,0.00002851868,0.00004818243],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002077224,0.0001369453,0.00008968644,0.00002480592,0.0001496795,0.000008702958,0.007808897,0.0006940573,0.003243874,0.01935724,0.0005493748,0.967729],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006012855,0.007339449,0.2828589,0.001079297,0.0003174652,0.0002425311,0.05605432,0.0561538,0.4237609,0.01799477,0.1455239,0.00266183],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8622565,0.00004577343,0.1302275,0.0005926819,0.0001475821,0.0001450951,0.000003681738,0.0002478504,0.00633338],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995745,0.00002103485,0.0002703884,0.00004560953,0.00002571669,0.000007526027,0.000005023177,0.000006307425,0.00004392273],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9650672,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2513357,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W941440867","doi":"10.1007/s10055-015-0268-2","title":"Sound localization on a horizontal surface: virtual and real sound source localization","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Speech and Audio Processing","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University; University of Waterloo; Ontario Tech University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Luonnontieteiden ja Tekniikan Tutkimuksen Toimikunta; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science London; University of Ontario Institute of Technology","keywords":"Sound (geography); Computer science; Sound localization; Computer graphics (images); Virtual reality; Acoustic source localization; Computer graphics; Surface (topology); Acoustics; Artificial intelligence; Geometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03876146821513912,"gpt":0.2862381911923094,"spread":0.2474767229771703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008700598,0.0002467376,0.0002473466,0.00008422328,0.0003106162,0.0004886126,0.0003897998,0.0001646398,0.000004579227],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002383081,0.0002319321,0.00004498233,0.0005213806,0.0001660298,0.000808509,0.000234419,0.0001695503,0.00004974523],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001856693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001827216,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004205775,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001664941,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977201,0.0001974853,0.0003636494,0.0006519174,0.000685858,0.0003810215],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998678,0.0001228983,0.0001751316,0.0004728297,0.0001977926,0.0003532949],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001156411,0.001563121,0.07157242,0.0001688397,0.0002404553,0.0001421868,0.03062808,0.1926616,0.00416181,0.192979,0.01797946,0.4867466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005946629,0.005877634,0.005673869,0.0002348635,0.00009430824,0.0001680254,0.00402105,0.8263512,0.03279905,0.1019744,0.01440954,0.002449486],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2963608,0.00004248552,0.7011263,0.000194508,0.0002475997,0.0001186359,0.00000618308,0.0002359085,0.001667531],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979992,0.00002469889,0.00105711,0.0004330229,0.0001773821,0.000004171609,0.00003650522,0.00002100309,0.0002469003],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7016384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9457915,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312202115","doi":"10.1007/s10055-022-00740-5","title":"Assessment of user-interaction strategies for neurosurgical data navigation and annotation in virtual reality","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Augmented Reality Applications","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Human–computer interaction; Virtual reality; Usability; Context (archaeology); 3D interaction; Interaction technique; Modalities; Task (project management); Selection (genetic algorithm); Point (geometry); Annotation; User interface; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08639106062015184,"gpt":0.3884488474483764,"spread":0.3020577868282245,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001837044,0.0001303208,0.0002224396,0.0001075008,0.0002331126,0.0001122809,0.0007637613,0.00005120461,0.000006880894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008994473,0.0001429391,0.00003794935,0.0004993903,0.00008864503,0.001183494,0.0008210532,0.000268242,4.23576e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001798232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002478162,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009214804,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001768693,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976063,0.0004840216,0.0005834825,0.0006618215,0.0004732009,0.0001912109],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979658,0.0005112888,0.0003425797,0.00101859,0.00009595852,0.00006582033],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006959911,0.0005790218,0.000845246,0.00004787424,0.00002167602,0.000003278991,0.000592824,0.04759092,0.003916476,0.9193079,0.001005959,0.02601918],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000782398,0.0004739889,0.092199,0.00001552045,0.00001492583,0.00001481733,0.001705916,0.8885722,0.0001431382,0.0102919,0.005613457,0.0001728036],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1885609,0.000005016724,0.8079916,0.001511644,0.0001672427,0.0006037786,0.0006692498,0.00006854982,0.000422031],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973231,0.00001204247,0.001244566,0.00006654783,0.00002713777,0.0002036514,0.001093526,0.000007947801,0.00002148166],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9090161,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5828888,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2082373168","doi":"10.1007/s10055-005-0156-2","title":"A two visual systems approach to understanding voice and gestural interaction","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Speech and dialogue systems","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Human–computer interaction; Computer graphics; Computer graphics (images); Computer vision; Multimedia; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0800735956009654,"gpt":0.3234852322685822,"spread":0.2434116366676168,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005863226,0.0001336821,0.0001823343,0.0001020876,0.0001305008,0.0003493538,0.0002555987,0.00005347611,6.513427e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000728151,0.000117012,0.00003439472,0.000268038,0.00002689905,0.0007744125,0.0001663756,0.0001184469,0.00006100655],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002988649,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003549169,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001303374,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001305106,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986367,0.0001573617,0.0002471639,0.0004118972,0.0002802163,0.0002666566],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992673,0.0001232724,0.00007660421,0.0002840805,0.00003158792,0.0002171747],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001481431,0.0003496874,0.00118755,0.00009506055,0.00006798065,0.000009766065,0.005803493,0.005207906,0.002768195,0.959139,0.004101262,0.02112199],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002502359,0.0009881052,0.01015355,0.0002464312,0.00002722111,0.0004569902,0.007743996,0.9565794,0.0009560031,0.002169446,0.01693842,0.00123811],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.09429677,0.00005854419,0.8864562,0.0006290224,0.0006927768,0.0003477393,0.000005099803,0.0002119806,0.0173019],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977334,0.000002322594,0.001512937,0.0001545197,0.0004289281,0.00001936498,0.000005356802,0.000006627945,0.0001365504],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9569695,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4771609,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405246388","doi":"10.1007/s10055-024-01074-0","title":"Observation-based diminished reality: a systematic literature review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Augmented Reality Applications","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Virtual reality; Computer graphics (images); Data science; Human–computer interaction","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04666328479030536,"gpt":0.315301719967633,"spread":0.2686384351773277,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00212237,0.0002939288,0.0005424695,0.0001361878,0.0001797988,0.0006316793,0.001249481,0.000152296,0.00001922256],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006884362,0.0002106244,0.0002472416,0.002421747,0.00007770994,0.0006577956,0.0001975714,0.0003729315,0.0002014904],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000203489,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003334878,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000770315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000286459,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965901,0.0005710097,0.000895905,0.0008522359,0.0007409027,0.000349794],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963903,0.0008209236,0.0001964816,0.002134697,0.0002493717,0.0002082377],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005895562,0.0002375417,0.00001589688,0.1799318,0.0001471743,0.00009855777,0.0006992185,0.0002472831,0.0001737422,0.7226421,0.08294778,0.0128531],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004716514,0.0002354577,0.0008343129,0.2767863,0.0004167736,0.0001081303,0.00005147159,0.5914532,0.000376343,0.01719009,0.1108182,0.001258035],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00003870405,0.0220736,0.9253902,0.04614774,0.000416235,0.001750255,0.0001506368,0.00132869,0.002703923],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8048316,0.05385863,0.02850155,0.07464137,0.001552517,0.01020535,0.003856685,0.0003700783,0.02218222],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8968887,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8589014,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404020323","doi":"10.1007/s10055-024-01058-0","title":"Training transfer validity of virtual reality simulator assessment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Human Resource Development and Performance Evaluation","field":"Psychology","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Virtual reality; Simulation; Computer graphics; Human–computer interaction; Training (meteorology); Computer graphics (images)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2027917828010734,"gpt":0.4331337978827146,"spread":0.2303420150816412,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003537124,0.0002637841,0.0004199077,0.0001777542,0.0001366374,0.00006189424,0.0002470614,0.0002397831,0.004512435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007795074,0.0002409205,0.0002062744,0.0003647426,0.0001662374,0.000196677,0.00004023465,0.0004338928,0.0002013009],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001581392,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003082069,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001585042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006276631,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969375,0.0005914634,0.0007784793,0.0005641116,0.0007044902,0.0004239402],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986772,0.0005257272,0.00006894035,0.0004787256,0.00009951308,0.0001499226],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006653794,0.0008694713,0.01113923,0.0003676845,0.0008952951,0.00007116375,0.1018583,0.00330101,0.004852706,0.2763731,0.01594431,0.5836623],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002906441,0.00219991,0.7379569,0.0003963051,0.0003810609,0.00002138484,0.008582405,0.04529779,0.002101723,0.004328743,0.1943883,0.001438991],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9366193,0.00004586973,0.02465603,0.0003132577,0.001335025,0.0003748129,0.0001918325,0.0002285155,0.03623535],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969701,0.00001520457,0.00003781785,0.0001051104,0.0003646523,0.00004884487,0.0002220226,0.0000335735,0.002202633],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7268177,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9963976,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405792717","doi":"10.1007/s10055-024-01088-8","title":"PreVISE: an efficient virtual reality system for SEEG surgical planning","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Université de Montréal; Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Stereoelectroencephalography; Visualization; Virtual reality; Surgical planning; Computer science; Operation planning; Epilepsy surgery; Computer vision; Electroencephalography; Artificial intelligence; Medical physics; Human–computer interaction; Medicine; Surgery; Operations research","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07567145960272419,"gpt":0.3567455430038538,"spread":0.2810740834011296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001566235,0.0003307202,0.000429834,0.0001152353,0.0003267391,0.0004798153,0.0005956963,0.0001790813,0.0000235136],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003321028,0.0002673169,0.0002244533,0.0003545647,0.000197453,0.0002656321,0.000215414,0.0003501541,0.00006499582],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001882224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001103921,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007876288,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004535545,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964017,0.0005835294,0.0006215975,0.001216874,0.000579454,0.0005968642],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973783,0.001514455,0.0001086386,0.0006298717,0.0000590097,0.0003097392],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002254023,0.001626382,0.0001688266,0.003080572,0.000159986,0.001775028,0.01052811,0.1019902,0.09189175,0.6162061,0.02807329,0.1422457],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001213184,0.002091553,0.0006090683,0.001117096,0.00008116623,0.0004682575,0.0009770604,0.7243294,0.1169082,0.0003639624,0.1508294,0.001011655],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.945906,0.0001771264,0.04279412,0.000573709,0.002336674,0.0008385407,0.0008182324,0.00137858,0.005177011],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998388,0.000005340051,0.00005095246,0.0001316673,0.000639073,0.00005329213,0.00004164323,0.00004266076,0.0006473859],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6223391,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999779,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390946618","doi":"10.1007/s10055-023-00929-2","title":"Mixed reality holograms for percutaneous lead extraction of cardiac implantable electronic devices","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies","field":"Medicine","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hospital for Sick Children","funders":"Medtronic; Universidad de Sevilla","keywords":"Medicine; Radiology; Perforation; Percutaneous","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05528045554289475,"gpt":0.3572039241386385,"spread":0.3019234685957438,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007234499,0.0001573833,0.0006113608,0.00008504052,0.00009667106,0.0000278261,0.00001931148,0.0001257306,0.000004712153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002131455,0.0001326948,0.0003743675,0.0002375627,0.00008926962,0.00007761226,0.00002438606,0.0001637642,0.0000156296],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000159569,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000162781,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009579447,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001279154,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986156,0.00008743874,0.0003504625,0.0003582665,0.0002603083,0.0003279809],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988315,0.0005779781,0.00007684141,0.000286074,0.0001554937,0.000072174],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004751179,0.0004341222,0.01419717,0.00412322,0.005042282,0.00006617398,0.002962972,0.0004165428,0.2944195,0.03052338,0.2375157,0.4055477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005914606,0.001692679,0.04224097,0.0003380063,0.001481468,0.002552395,0.002138282,0.001201062,0.01667531,0.001417042,0.9291759,0.0004954138],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9517361,0.005059638,0.003331175,0.0004890842,0.0009660265,0.0006615641,0.0006425057,0.0003595038,0.03675444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977175,0.0007708321,0.00007904617,0.00004130326,0.0003106079,0.00002419906,0.0001833456,0.00002024013,0.0008529412],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6916602,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5411136,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412569835","doi":"10.1007/s10055-025-01191-4","title":"Exploring working memory across aging using virtual reality","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian University Music Society; Baycrest Hospital; University of Toronto; National Research Council Canada","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Virtual reality; Human–computer interaction; Working memory; Computer graphics (images); Immersion (mathematics); Multimedia; Cognition; Psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.5461062783910147,"gpt":0.4619053898522343,"spread":0.08420088853878038,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007958735,0.0003393276,0.0004451381,0.0001082832,0.001073855,0.0001232893,0.00049609,0.0001124834,0.00001655898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005794755,0.0003064026,0.0001725124,0.0008887482,0.0005634668,0.0005232848,0.0006434581,0.0005574563,0.00002989069],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000165898,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004831813,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006452292,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001339617,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967749,0.0004169398,0.0005569125,0.001055887,0.0003950544,0.000800301],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985762,0.0004407112,0.0001666294,0.000637544,0.00005296663,0.0001259482],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002699256,0.0003834665,0.0119451,0.0000407899,0.0000321737,0.0001866934,0.002421261,0.0005739836,0.7797158,0.003655985,0.0009092479,0.1998655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001880828,0.0002971476,0.07029375,0.0004953957,0.0001313158,0.00005167938,0.005904722,0.0007854374,0.9064499,0.002196291,0.01021255,0.001300958],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9904603,0.00003891951,0.0008247581,0.001387732,0.002353758,0.0002508367,0.00004272171,0.0003365286,0.004304417],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969997,0.00009277355,0.00002274062,0.001485657,0.0002203344,0.00003686638,0.000002624103,0.00002089699,0.001118351],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1985646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999388,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406680305","doi":"10.1007/s10055-025-01105-4","title":"Enhancing difficult airway management training: the role of virtual reality and adaptive learning","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Simulation-Based Education in Healthcare","field":"Medicine","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"Politecnico di Torino","keywords":"Computer science; Virtual reality; Training (meteorology); Human–computer interaction; Multimedia","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03846670223276177,"gpt":0.3413526710507246,"spread":0.3028859688179628,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00109346,0.0001705767,0.0003384745,0.0001193629,0.0002621962,0.00001673135,0.0001106534,0.0001138436,0.00004694579],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005205258,0.0001320581,0.00007166529,0.00048703,0.0002060291,0.00006011488,0.00008333383,0.0003806416,0.000004168691],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002008742,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003162558,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001019141,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009768788,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980831,0.0003399847,0.0005613268,0.000382614,0.0003703614,0.0002626546],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978907,0.001011488,0.0001990877,0.0004328587,0.00033623,0.0001295973],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002132344,0.000763008,0.1801817,0.0008480033,0.0007964777,0.00001092218,0.08331264,0.008583728,0.004504391,0.2668431,0.001345626,0.450678],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001804702,0.000823434,0.7574287,0.000753131,0.0003022829,0.000005565716,0.2135527,0.01079625,0.00675709,0.002534983,0.004959008,0.0002822205],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9741268,0.0002721823,0.004893478,0.004118647,0.0002716803,0.0008999857,0.00002643423,0.0001114847,0.01527927],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978662,0.00004813878,0.0001140652,0.0003709547,0.0001074737,0.00005645706,0.00005103019,0.00001350503,0.001372217],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.577247,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5385172,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407048350","doi":"10.1007/s10055-024-01082-0","title":"The relationship between a simulated glaucoma impairment and postural threat on quiet stance","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virtual Reality","topic":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","field":"Medicine","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University; Queen's University","funders":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Queen's University","keywords":"Glaucoma; Physical medicine and rehabilitation; Balance (ability); Fear of falling; Falling (accident); Virtual reality; Electromyography; Audiology; Psychology; Medicine; Poison control; Injury prevention; Computer science; Ophthalmology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02871855919660283,"gpt":0.32867886324798,"spread":0.2999603040513772,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003374173,0.0001346154,0.0001975878,0.00004332007,0.0003158526,0.00002872526,0.00007480918,0.00009386052,0.00000448608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005267976,0.0000801554,0.00006564208,0.0002226506,0.0001692041,0.000032211,0.00004575528,0.0002592961,0.00001253981],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000788888,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006662418,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002418974,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007336144,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998981,0.0001200381,0.0002397026,0.0002239871,0.0002182029,0.0002170571],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983143,0.001173457,0.0000508706,0.0003121987,0.00005510154,0.00009405072],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006489966,0.00005759063,0.9803055,0.00003030841,0.00004924526,0.000005437113,0.0001407309,7.666733e-7,0.00004389942,0.01513738,0.001511856,0.002068287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001062122,0.0006284562,0.9912597,0.000132354,0.00007453475,0.000002180342,0.0003325872,0.000144391,0.00004297153,0.004238295,0.002005568,0.00007681764],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9839951,0.0003382952,0.00005541616,0.01103436,0.00009048808,0.0004277379,0.00001810214,0.0000620451,0.0039784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971116,0.00005147209,0.000008182673,0.0004338482,0.00003627202,0.00000607051,0.00003791432,0.000007461458,0.0023072],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01311642,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3268642,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}