{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":1141,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":1141,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"10de66863441","filters":{"venue":"Water Resources Research"}},"results":[{"id":"W2045944858","doi":"10.1029/2010wr010090","title":"Hyperresolution global land surface modeling: Meeting a grand challenge for monitoring Earth's terrestrial water","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1040,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Princeton Institute for International and Regional Studies; Natural Environment Research Council; Sight Research UK; Princeton University","keywords":"Water cycle; Biogeochemical cycle; Earth system science; Environmental science; Evapotranspiration; Global change; Context (archaeology); Sustainability; Water resources; Environmental resource management; Earth science; Climate change; Geography; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Eric F. Wood","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joshua K. Roundy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tara J. Troy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rens van Beek","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marc F. P. Bierkens","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eleanor Blyth","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ad de Roo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Petra Döll","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. B. Ek","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. S. Famiglietti","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Gochis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nick van de Giesen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul R. Houser","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter R. Jaffé","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stefan Kollet","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bernhard Lehner","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dennis P. Lettenmaier","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. D. Peters‐Lidard","is_ca":false},{"name":"Murugesu Sivapalan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Justin Sheffield","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew J. Wade","is_ca":false},{"name":"P. G. Whitehead","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1195243972288693,"gpt":0.3133158249552417,"spread":0.1937914277263725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007771683,0.0004116595,0.0005970411,0.000272449,0.0002710781,0.001369485,0.0008056186,0.0009890542,0.0008192838],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002091306,0.0002587763,0.0004722754,0.0008340211,0.0008059703,0.002437014,0.001552453,0.001420339,0.000241855],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000588625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007609149,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01080584,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00631514,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997981,0.0000923474,0.000006891043,0.00003817284,0.00004850909,0.00001591853],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996603,0.0001233461,0.00003941675,0.00009134861,0.0000508909,0.00003471954],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002994113,0.00001864828,0.004244085,0.00005916839,0.00006699657,0.00004576964,0.0001167713,0.8999665,0.002340448,0.04201892,0.004681223,0.0464115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000090546,0.000008421958,0.0006647949,0.0000096255,0.00000913057,0.000008749928,0.0000280558,0.9780248,0.0002128089,0.01674425,0.004271296,0.000008973074],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1544757,0.006528819,0.7969399,0.02363172,0.0003934608,0.00008774584,0.002104795,0.002064495,0.01377331],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7993371,0.005595198,0.1882842,0.001238858,0.0004777397,0.0002022543,0.001299857,0.0004128346,0.003151774],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01080584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02148592,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1528483814","doi":"10.1029/2011wr011527","title":"Review of surrogate modeling in water resources","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":961,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Surrogate model; Computer science; Metamodeling; Variety (cybernetics); Fidelity; Field (mathematics); Management science; Data science; Systems engineering; Operations research; Risk analysis (engineering); Machine learning; Artificial intelligence; Engineering; Software engineering","authors":[{"name":"Saman Razavi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bryan A. Tolson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Donald H. Burn","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09503813210406548,"gpt":0.3663211718458375,"spread":0.271283039741772,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002678263,0.001132465,0.002157212,0.0021011,0.0004670172,0.002160247,0.00177295,0.001751454,0.005487612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00586823,0.000552859,0.00112343,0.00617263,0.0009438894,0.002546402,0.001258705,0.001594879,0.00206911],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001073689,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001905987,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002590335,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002225831,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982009,0.0007598681,0.0001837559,0.0001537784,0.0006485119,0.00005312893],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971364,0.001996074,0.0001360601,0.0001402713,0.0005491917,0.00004204108],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004821216,0.00006049473,0.0004679236,0.008121583,0.0001594704,0.0002014,0.0001027267,0.1357702,0.001205235,0.2630488,0.05117624,0.5396377],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001834669,0.00009770248,0.000519093,0.00422081,0.0001013125,0.0003464579,0.0001051157,0.0719538,0.001838914,0.174924,0.7457851,0.00008936532],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001396868,0.6623433,0.3006988,0.003774788,0.001861548,0.00007283114,0.0003763209,0.0002307886,0.02924476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.03013474,0.8835729,0.07450707,0.001151582,0.001790856,0.0001607054,0.0006172372,0.0002112858,0.007853598],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005487612,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01835793,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2126171847","doi":"10.1029/2005wr004723","title":"Dynamically dimensioned search algorithm for computationally efficient watershed model calibration","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":925,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Calibration; Computer science; Algorithm; Function (biology); Mathematical optimization; Watershed; Optimization problem; Data mining; Mathematics; Machine learning; Statistics","authors":[{"name":"Bryan A. Tolson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christine A. Shoemaker","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03180139243523464,"gpt":0.3072293860169389,"spread":0.2754279935817042,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001109365,0.000772122,0.0009551926,0.0008904175,0.0005198155,0.0008114417,0.001121323,0.000898672,0.0023154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002365422,0.0005847226,0.0006747899,0.0009197665,0.0007571323,0.001011294,0.001548274,0.001304979,0.0004465315],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009296891,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001869377,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004650766,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004860876,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995598,0.0001401952,0.00003142616,0.00007940357,0.0001505094,0.000038667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993489,0.0003324396,0.00005620302,0.00008042991,0.0001530069,0.00002904033],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005820461,0.00003753266,0.0006905976,0.00005137729,0.00004589756,0.00004137469,0.00007325628,0.8897399,0.003570204,0.01203644,0.002312607,0.09134264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001142965,0.00001076982,0.0000451347,0.000002911831,0.00000301817,0.000009407091,0.000004058209,0.9971263,0.0004780152,0.001414323,0.0008905915,0.000004136707],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.006788353,0.0001142022,0.990505,0.00008139081,0.00002751309,0.00003575041,0.00003722436,0.0006760079,0.001734577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.17899,0.0001313914,0.8182588,0.0001100382,0.00002391181,0.0003233959,0.0002401526,0.0002553774,0.001666836],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004650766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009247422,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1650177443","doi":"10.1029/2001wr000861","title":"Applicability of prewhitening to eliminate the influence of serial correlation on the Mann‐Kendall test","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Drought Analysis","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":864,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Autocorrelation; Autoregressive model; Statistics; Series (stratigraphy); Correlation; Mathematics; Null hypothesis; Null (SQL); Magnitude (astronomy); Sample size determination; Econometrics; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Sheng Yue","is_ca":true},{"name":"Chun Yuan Wang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02909005901394387,"gpt":0.2767385460376581,"spread":0.2476484870237143,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02896906,0.000961206,0.001206055,0.001515371,0.001053202,0.001160335,0.001409636,0.001069996,0.003121797],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1677701,0.0005408711,0.001454489,0.001739384,0.001430422,0.002048715,0.001324575,0.002127871,0.0006730141],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005088858,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002483093,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002151311,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9810816,0.01326384,0.001125664,0.001399526,0.002787828,0.0003414996],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.7940148,0.1783258,0.004921179,0.01282425,0.009201705,0.0007123416],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001683414,0.0004293902,0.05940729,0.0005434631,0.001784532,0.0009284493,0.001115793,0.1018624,0.01621357,0.04737525,0.005397408,0.7632589],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000267473,0.001867732,0.06613995,0.0002175468,0.0009080062,0.0008828889,0.0004632295,0.8090507,0.03519602,0.06834316,0.01638376,0.0002795693],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.09148914,0.000524135,0.9015469,0.0004866969,0.0002662166,0.0002814531,0.0001411527,0.0008752799,0.004389151],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4825766,0.0003742093,0.5137851,0.0002593952,0.000169602,0.0004615498,0.0003173898,0.0003649796,0.001691224],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02896906,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1532049,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2141895127","doi":"10.1029/2006wr005467","title":"Moving beyond heterogeneity and process complexity: A new vision for watershed hydrology","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":833,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Watershed; Surface runoff; Process (computing); Field (mathematics); Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Hydrology (agriculture); Computer science; Geography; Environmental resource management; Environmental science; Ecology; Mathematics; Statistics; Machine learning; Geology; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Jeffrey J. McDonnell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Murugesu Sivapalan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kellie B. Vaché","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sarah Dunn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gordon E. Grant","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. Haggerty","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christoph Hinz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard Hooper","is_ca":false},{"name":"James W. Kirchner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael L. Roderick","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. S. Selker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Markus Weiler","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05402552384188235,"gpt":0.3500378350459803,"spread":0.2960123112040979,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008987569,0.0008389209,0.00193723,0.002914291,0.002875182,0.008248403,0.003052041,0.004280188,0.0022927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0125313,0.0003813052,0.00150658,0.0022295,0.03304296,0.03119942,0.003728878,0.008213907,0.0002804381],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007129599,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004516895,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005863078,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006076517,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9955074,0.002392781,0.0001785354,0.0008504746,0.0007643887,0.0003065156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9892986,0.007172423,0.0006493576,0.001332977,0.0009906782,0.0005560605],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001136503,0.000007555892,0.0003913332,0.00006501736,0.000016625,0.00002662801,0.0005741314,0.00287681,0.00006792635,0.9841919,0.002514506,0.009256194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000334847,0.000006572488,0.0002061017,0.00003179137,0.000004555066,0.00001211401,0.0001952753,0.002135199,0.00001824682,0.9877166,0.009662628,0.000007577393],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02306696,0.04494038,0.3956223,0.4828722,0.004365791,0.00008838758,0.0003261167,0.0003080305,0.04840989],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8323257,0.03117438,0.09255172,0.02295081,0.01338542,0.0002697494,0.0001899025,0.0002496766,0.00690261],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008987569,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05172908,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2135843060","doi":"10.1029/2004wr003657","title":"The role of topography on catchment‐scale water residence time","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":765,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Residence time (fluid dynamics); Hydrology (agriculture); Drainage basin; Tributary; Watershed; Residence; Structural basin; Environmental science; Terrain; Scale (ratio); Catchment hydrology; Geology; Geography; Geomorphology; Cartography; Geotechnical engineering","authors":[{"name":"K. J. McGuire","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey J. McDonnell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Markus Weiler","is_ca":true},{"name":"Carol Kendall","is_ca":false},{"name":"B. L. McGlynn","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. M. Welker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jan Seibert","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01265216412627522,"gpt":0.2644316640088085,"spread":0.2517794998825333,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004709885,0.0001429213,0.0001549537,0.0005041271,0.0002311211,0.0007739238,0.0002169919,0.0001488982,0.001321256],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003792427,0.0001320525,0.00020638,0.0005070862,0.0006661441,0.0004832959,0.0003733512,0.0001711239,0.00009978777],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004084037,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002597113,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0185332,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01523256,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997836,0.00005974131,0.00001347666,0.0000569017,0.00003809544,0.00004818517],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972899,0.00163874,0.0005256272,0.000200989,0.0001787642,0.0001659464],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001753272,0.00004929501,0.955321,0.00002301287,0.00007976541,0.0002860208,0.0004754573,0.007509301,0.02395464,0.0006709907,0.0001255974,0.01132952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002434979,0.00003241469,0.9934592,0.000002394045,0.00001674085,0.00005381321,0.00009441686,0.005382921,0.0006390008,0.0001667683,0.0001432353,0.000006798603],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985831,0.00005106906,0.0007172723,0.00002033447,0.000001790035,0.000004632935,0.00007921771,0.00001182687,0.0005307646],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997548,0.00001863868,0.00008309428,0.000002388772,0.000001584504,0.00000147974,0.0000397772,0.00000421829,0.0000940754],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0185332,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03685063,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2082318860","doi":"10.1029/2000wr900357","title":"Trends in Canadian streamflow","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":718,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Streamflow; Percentile; Climatology; Environmental science; Drainage basin; Spring (device); Climate change; Distribution (mathematics); Physical geography; Geography; Hydrology (agriculture); Geology; Oceanography; Statistics","authors":[{"name":"Xuebin Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"K. Harvey","is_ca":false},{"name":"William D. Hogg","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ted R. Yuzyk","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03639329551263015,"gpt":0.304723960346395,"spread":0.2683306648337648,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000409734,0.000175986,0.0001548587,0.002768904,0.00115209,0.0009438112,0.000353269,0.0001363697,0.003061937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001619013,0.00009767376,0.0002652958,0.004948813,0.0001988793,0.0003843044,0.0002964595,0.0003223062,0.0002771978],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01492475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01339698,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9862146,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9951878,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995638,0.00001206485,0.00002039766,0.00006578407,0.0002341369,0.0001038217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977748,0.00006839949,0.0001531936,0.00003374686,0.00181829,0.0001515039],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001273074,0.00002059882,0.8840054,0.0001348946,0.0001169445,0.0000915507,0.0009112853,0.001507723,0.001103541,0.001451452,0.02109249,0.08943689],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002767905,0.00001160978,0.9726825,0.00002471925,0.00002197318,0.00004431771,0.000319884,0.0006378645,0.0003419304,0.00004600808,0.0258546,0.00001185665],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9094257,0.003467237,0.0009455389,0.00157881,0.00006709265,0.00003633931,0.04931372,0.0003270332,0.03483855],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9700216,0.002264276,0.001387398,0.0001776873,0.00001538912,0.00002487309,0.01893152,0.00003166031,0.007145546],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01492475,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1082872,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1624356652","doi":"10.1029/2003wr002456","title":"Multivariate hydrological frequency analysis using copulas","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Drought Analysis","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":703,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Copula (linguistics); Multivariate statistics; Watershed; Range (aeronautics); Hydrology (agriculture); Marginal distribution; Frequency analysis; Econometrics; Multivariate analysis; Tail dependence; Mathematics; Statistics; Environmental science; Computer science; Geology; Random variable; Geotechnical engineering; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Anne‐Catherine Favre","is_ca":true},{"name":"Salah‐Eddine El Adlouni","is_ca":true},{"name":"Luc Perreault","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nathalie Thiémonge","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bernard Bobée","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05830340208704678,"gpt":0.3418552559602142,"spread":0.2835518538731674,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001648282,0.0008943608,0.0007924715,0.001011683,0.0004120317,0.001332771,0.0009721521,0.0006188328,0.001303774],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005398859,0.0004217697,0.001188625,0.001113862,0.0007784653,0.001615749,0.0008766192,0.001152874,0.000262665],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006461439,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006705125,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005982788,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003267949,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991083,0.0004608735,0.00003206004,0.000152102,0.0001673336,0.00007937587],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978688,0.001442866,0.000311264,0.0001484997,0.0001744954,0.0000540263],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001350785,0.00001804859,0.001731074,0.00002934078,0.00009686128,0.00008078797,0.00007259579,0.9084676,0.0007216131,0.06898259,0.0004457399,0.01934025],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002121637,0.000008347003,0.0003429452,0.00000415462,0.000008596637,0.00001745751,0.000007411585,0.9783,0.0001239509,0.02074938,0.0004268277,0.000008675827],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.009787179,0.0001370937,0.9892608,0.00007274655,0.000008795624,0.000009556122,0.00005048266,0.0000796022,0.0005938375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7454255,0.001611244,0.2488396,0.00008994393,0.0001753957,0.0001654666,0.0003472378,0.0001482476,0.003197302],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005982788,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01189595,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2944607176","doi":"10.1029/2018wr024067","title":"Global and Regional Increase of Precipitation Extremes Under Global Warming","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":700,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Global Institute for Water Security; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Global Water Futures","keywords":"Precipitation; Climatology; Magnitude (astronomy); Environmental science; Global warming; Climate change; Period (music); Global change; Trend analysis; Climate extremes; Atmospheric sciences; Geography; Meteorology; Geology; Mathematics; Statistics","authors":[{"name":"Simon Michael Papalexiou","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alberto Montanari","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05866104505748787,"gpt":0.3273317222979868,"spread":0.268670677240499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004529059,0.0001256587,0.0001974735,0.0009923829,0.0001541738,0.0004632651,0.0001024137,0.0001690593,0.001145639],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001232539,0.00006741554,0.0003099559,0.001299891,0.0002401684,0.0003627498,0.0004330682,0.0002187022,0.0001470577],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001597429,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008872047,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002411442,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001838071,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998504,0.0000389606,0.0000111187,0.0000517805,0.00002428732,0.00002347005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993408,0.0002039907,0.0002438745,0.00007022313,0.00009618844,0.00004497599],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001798131,0.00001788846,0.9708955,0.00005330677,0.0002672608,0.0001131467,0.0002395062,0.009978472,0.006488856,0.0005880918,0.0006668168,0.01051141],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001816311,0.00001734606,0.9965437,0.000002940297,0.00001671715,0.00004179006,0.00007641238,0.002491448,0.0003060333,0.0001489453,0.0003488108,0.000004116609],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976725,0.00009755962,0.000366969,0.00003344136,0.000003388256,0.000001980773,0.001048795,0.00001813742,0.0007572467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990226,0.00003922015,0.0001983634,0.000003906242,0.000006916657,0.000002350834,0.0006561835,0.000003357742,0.00006714812],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002411442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004794776,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2916772745","doi":"10.1029/2018wr023903","title":"Hillslope Hydrology in Global Change Research and Earth System Modeling","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":658,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Biogeochemical cycle; Environmental science; Hydrology (agriculture); Baseflow; Vegetation (pathology); Earth system science; Streamflow; Hydrological modelling; Climate change; Earth science; Geology; Climatology; Ecology; Oceanography; Geography; Drainage basin","authors":[{"name":"Ying Fan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Martyn Clark","is_ca":false},{"name":"David M. Lawrence","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sean Swenson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lawrence E. Band","is_ca":false},{"name":"Susan L. Brantley","is_ca":false},{"name":"P. D. Brooks","is_ca":false},{"name":"W. E. Dietrich","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alejandro N. Flores","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gordon E. Grant","is_ca":false},{"name":"James W. Kirchner","is_ca":false},{"name":"D. S. Mackay","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey J. McDonnell","is_ca":true},{"name":"P. C. D. Milly","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pamela Sullivan","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. Tague","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hoori Ajami","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nathaniel W. Chaney","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andreas Hartmann","is_ca":false},{"name":"P. Hazenberg","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. P. McNamara","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jon D. Pelletier","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. Perket","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elham Rouholahnejad Freund","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thorsten Wagener","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xubin Zeng","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. Edward Beighley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jonathan Buzan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maoyi Huang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ben Livneh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Binayak P. Mohanty","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bart Nijssen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mohammad Safeeq","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chaopeng Shen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Willem van Verseveld","is_ca":false},{"name":"John Volk","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dai Yamazaki","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08140179547353937,"gpt":0.3246958368549493,"spread":0.24329404138141,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001606979,0.0002647838,0.0002597864,0.0009209982,0.0002828934,0.001420716,0.0003549412,0.0005986668,0.002594533],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003727441,0.0001664314,0.0003337796,0.001602766,0.0008435292,0.001472204,0.0009701434,0.0006725736,0.000167022],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001470867,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001229315,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03089062,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02469899,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996119,0.0002784336,0.00001597008,0.0000474684,0.00003016746,0.00001603707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985734,0.001029935,0.0001581468,0.00007912604,0.00007567156,0.00008357567],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003163295,0.00005725137,0.08120686,0.0001864341,0.0001997566,0.0001437298,0.0005550446,0.5519933,0.0001805933,0.2720767,0.01628683,0.07708189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002715224,0.00003268951,0.02367416,0.0002311293,0.00005187197,0.00003233641,0.0006165714,0.7301022,0.0001821679,0.2097457,0.03527175,0.0000324552],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.552156,0.05034857,0.2244639,0.08551259,0.001764884,0.0002338871,0.005919995,0.0014247,0.07817548],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9731528,0.00876421,0.01384551,0.0005091773,0.0003875944,0.00005955784,0.0003638058,0.00006989716,0.002847418],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03089062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06142163,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2130746770","doi":"10.1029/2006wr005804","title":"Field observations of soil moisture variability across scales","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":640,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Water content; Standard deviation; Environmental science; Skewness; Moisture; Soil science; Coefficient of variation; Scale (ratio); Hydrology (agriculture); Atmospheric sciences; Mathematics; Geology; Geography; Statistics; Meteorology; Geotechnical engineering; Cartography","authors":[{"name":"J. S. Famiglietti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dongryeol Ryu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aaron Berg","is_ca":true},{"name":"Matthew Rodell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thomas J. Jackson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0621658750481863,"gpt":0.3174260985638305,"spread":0.2552602235156443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002745018,0.0001371157,0.0001525978,0.0005600191,0.0001825448,0.0002503521,0.0001506721,0.000137485,0.0004004887],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009242931,0.0001142623,0.0001253602,0.0007067678,0.000147434,0.0002604394,0.0001774051,0.0001423819,0.00008639331],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001963301,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008625996,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004832814,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01027347,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998804,0.00001357736,0.000008536486,0.00004876328,0.0000315303,0.00001709484],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992931,0.0002004997,0.0002193081,0.0001031423,0.0001413297,0.00004263979],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001613908,0.00007336095,0.932813,0.00004470549,0.000102475,0.0001427354,0.0003629946,0.00378719,0.03610433,0.00008197089,0.0005916937,0.02573424],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003919891,0.00002854142,0.9968237,0.000003172252,0.000008858473,0.00003548225,0.00009172157,0.001488501,0.001081244,0.00002802391,0.0004020541,0.00000476003],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978535,0.00003378114,0.0008895695,0.000006011733,0.000001813752,0.00001020322,0.0006135738,0.00004292597,0.0005486837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985049,0.00002793604,0.0006583209,0.000007893246,0.00000331727,0.00001380821,0.0006639544,0.000003978713,0.0001159658],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004832814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009609342,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2969940692","doi":"10.1029/2018wr024618","title":"Global GRACE Data Assimilation for Groundwater and Drought Monitoring: Advances and Challenges","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":615,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Groundwater; Data assimilation; Environmental science; Precipitation; Hydrology (agriculture); Assimilation (phonology); Groundwater flow; Streamflow; Proxy (statistics); Drainage basin; Climatology; Meteorology; Geology; Aquifer; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Bailing Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew Rodell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sujay V. Kumar","is_ca":false},{"name":"H. K. Beaudoing","is_ca":false},{"name":"Augusto Getirana","is_ca":false},{"name":"Benjamin F. Zaitchik","is_ca":false},{"name":"L. G. de Goncalves","is_ca":false},{"name":"Camila Cossetin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Soumendra N. Bhanja","is_ca":true},{"name":"Abhijit Mukherjee","is_ca":false},{"name":"Siyuan Tian","is_ca":false},{"name":"Natthachet Tangdamrongsub","is_ca":false},{"name":"Di Long","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. Nanteza","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jejung Lee","is_ca":false},{"name":"F. Policelli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ibrahim Baba Goni","is_ca":false},{"name":"D. Djoret","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mohammed Bila","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gabriëlle De Lannoy","is_ca":false},{"name":"David M. Mocko","is_ca":false},{"name":"Susan Steele‐Dunne","is_ca":false},{"name":"Himanshu Save","is_ca":false},{"name":"Srinivas Bettadpur","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1709467331816371,"gpt":0.3414350394402879,"spread":0.1704883062586508,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00170797,0.0004810879,0.0004815949,0.0003364623,0.0002094295,0.0008336385,0.0007118366,0.0004825272,0.0006171871],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002513619,0.0002104241,0.0005109702,0.00103848,0.0003919375,0.001220874,0.0007405625,0.0007777109,0.0002682068],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003883399,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001061413,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01769396,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01470591,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996423,0.0001059091,0.00003156133,0.00006743074,0.0001201163,0.00003265574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990761,0.0001729861,0.00008171518,0.0003204711,0.00028449,0.00006418559],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000354092,0.0002721074,0.07432289,0.0002718091,0.0004667871,0.0001302357,0.0002006545,0.5689393,0.03486953,0.01272963,0.01969178,0.2877511],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008695698,0.0000790478,0.0269754,0.00004067476,0.00005788199,0.00002501029,0.0001121589,0.9465578,0.007508919,0.006342736,0.01215125,0.00006222245],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7423365,0.003331282,0.2148216,0.00927967,0.0006697652,0.0001428195,0.01145934,0.006785872,0.01117317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9384502,0.001093853,0.05347329,0.0004709903,0.0001640406,0.00007834712,0.005178098,0.000326522,0.0007648089],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01769396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03518194,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1857243994","doi":"10.1029/2008wr007615","title":"Assessing the impact of climate change on water resources in Iran","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":613,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Climate change; Precipitation; Water resources; Soil and Water Assessment Tool; Climate model; Water cycle; Hydrology (agriculture); Water resource management; Resource (disambiguation); Representative Concentration Pathways; Climatology; Geography; Drainage basin; Streamflow; Meteorology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Karim C. Abbaspour","is_ca":false},{"name":"Monireh Faramarzi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Samaneh Seyed Ghasemi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hong Yang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09033400501572207,"gpt":0.3815743830267532,"spread":0.2912403780110311,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006055803,0.0004342411,0.0003392718,0.0005152109,0.0003537698,0.0007039996,0.000583292,0.0006004702,0.0005275845],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001266737,0.0002664631,0.0008259227,0.0007554758,0.0003492631,0.0008759024,0.0004709357,0.0004658918,0.00006338163],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002090874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001892744,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1089248,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07495004,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997943,0.00006971798,0.00001057165,0.00003435259,0.00003910597,0.00005196732],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995854,0.0002021025,0.00005314385,0.00002848608,0.00009617814,0.00003468186],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008410017,0.0001301052,0.2545956,0.00005666636,0.0001898693,0.0003680779,0.000172281,0.730804,0.002107336,0.00155174,0.000996651,0.008943521],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005188107,0.000133547,0.1636654,0.00001502742,0.0001298982,0.0000806171,0.0007908517,0.8297408,0.001916535,0.00190703,0.001517798,0.00005066388],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963426,0.00009526616,0.00134297,0.0002436919,0.00001224957,0.00002167617,0.000502523,0.00004338073,0.001395594],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983235,0.0001141799,0.001085505,0.0000181973,0.000005405152,0.00001151258,0.0003344581,0.000006179373,0.0001010632],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1089248,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2165816,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1619164700","doi":"10.1029/2001wr000862","title":"Multicomponent reactive transport modeling in variably saturated porous media using a generalized formulation for kinetically controlled reactions","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Mine drainage and remediation techniques","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":553,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Dissolution; Aquifer; Porous medium; Precipitation; Groundwater; Vadose zone; Chemistry; Reaction rate; Volatilisation; Aqueous solution; Contamination; Porosity; Geology; Catalysis; Geotechnical engineering; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"K. Ulrich Mayer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Emil O. Frind","is_ca":true},{"name":"David W. Blowes","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09154146722511944,"gpt":0.317598634112749,"spread":0.2260571668876295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009716206,0.001443002,0.001176109,0.0006783311,0.000637659,0.001369147,0.00206757,0.002296292,0.001156269],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00114737,0.0007304866,0.002204961,0.0007949705,0.00127352,0.001685111,0.001341778,0.001452985,0.0002437317],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001963149,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002073677,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02079527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009834182,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996175,0.0001121946,0.00002496125,0.00007602294,0.0001011111,0.00006827063],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994521,0.0002962021,0.0000794137,0.00003201473,0.0001086421,0.00003155797],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000913749,0.00001044132,0.0001138841,0.00002766661,0.00001096885,0.00006304177,0.00001956279,0.9814993,0.002053837,0.01486074,0.00007977971,0.001251664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002831268,0.000004087456,0.0000167501,0.000001282826,0.000002057889,0.000004322585,0.000002819426,0.9984117,0.0001630536,0.001202846,0.0001851327,0.000003125389],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04058347,0.0005746298,0.9518952,0.000359187,0.00008841063,0.0001274375,0.000241071,0.0002402808,0.005890337],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7851086,0.001522769,0.1942919,0.0002386292,0.00009256681,0.0009423202,0.0004247961,0.0002107133,0.01716761],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02079527,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04134846,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1917061602","doi":"10.1002/wrcr.20331","title":"Finding appropriate bias correction methods in downscaling precipitation for hydrologic impact studies over North America","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":532,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; Ouranos; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"U.S. Department of Energy; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Downscaling; Environmental science; Precipitation; Climate model; Climatology; Watershed; Hydrological modelling; Climate change; Coupled model intercomparison project; Meteorology; Computer science; Geology; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Jie Chen","is_ca":true},{"name":"François Brissette","is_ca":true},{"name":"Diane Chaumont","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marco Braun","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1910479905919534,"gpt":0.448095882214436,"spread":0.2570478916224826,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006857696,0.0003930778,0.0003082049,0.001022632,0.0004001656,0.0005672103,0.0004868449,0.000389979,0.0003877605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02009047,0.0003369936,0.0003910031,0.0008496135,0.0002127483,0.000962893,0.0004650736,0.0004239044,0.0001090985],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007163682,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001309565,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01323631,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02696247,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987943,0.0006242035,0.0001008512,0.000169773,0.0002376099,0.00007311942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.994659,0.002691584,0.0008257552,0.0003828081,0.001352679,0.00008814424],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003478724,0.0002160583,0.4160198,0.0002320907,0.0006349338,0.00009824931,0.0009086867,0.1547576,0.0191114,0.001837119,0.0013413,0.404495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002650689,0.0002475268,0.1718905,0.0001422015,0.0002624241,0.00008827204,0.0006249474,0.783334,0.03527881,0.002442282,0.005319005,0.0001049405],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.8285983,0.0006318102,0.1680487,0.0003305131,0.00005772291,0.0001724182,0.0002246896,0.0006968707,0.001239059],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8102419,0.0003131104,0.188445,0.00007571639,0.00002488219,0.0001117429,0.0002688786,0.0001658886,0.0003528326],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01323631,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0362674,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081670007","doi":"10.1029/2010wr009945","title":"Comparison of multiple linear and nonlinear regression, autoregressive integrated moving average, artificial neural network, and wavelet artificial neural network methods for urban water demand forecasting in Montreal, Canada","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrological Forecasting Using AI","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":490,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Autoregressive integrated moving average; Artificial neural network; Mean squared error; Wavelet; Autoregressive model; Linear regression; Statistics; Econometrics; Demand forecasting; Moving average; Computer science; Environmental science; Meteorology; Mathematics; Time series; Artificial intelligence; Geography; Operations research","authors":[{"name":"Jan Adamowski","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hiu Fung Chan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shiv O. Prasher","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bogdan Ozga-Zieliński","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anna Sliusarieva","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1257209807763414,"gpt":0.3559706911852541,"spread":0.2302497104089127,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001780618,0.0006715114,0.0003840544,0.0009771475,0.0003616363,0.0007628971,0.0008570718,0.0002987936,0.0009872322],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005562632,0.0002214109,0.0003744478,0.001243232,0.0002033322,0.0006898179,0.0004406689,0.0004618679,0.0001464486],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00261619,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003363395,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5787212,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5861595,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993346,0.0002564165,0.0000336404,0.00008280271,0.0002420996,0.00005048506],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987062,0.0005716692,0.0001120693,0.00004885683,0.0005113825,0.00004986114],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000387101,0.0001780248,0.02745042,0.0001565994,0.0003036421,0.0001093678,0.0001180512,0.6701733,0.003673146,0.002898477,0.001799456,0.2927524],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001129788,0.00001959153,0.004326373,0.000004443996,0.00001789223,0.000004559207,0.00001780362,0.994576,0.0006052065,0.0001503328,0.0002573786,0.000009109969],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6309145,0.001962566,0.354447,0.000762112,0.0001503793,0.0001972829,0.0007347789,0.001009066,0.009822302],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9114737,0.0007052644,0.08263524,0.0000582,0.00002666326,0.0000814046,0.000513418,0.00007216223,0.004433958],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4212788,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8475195,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2112655628","doi":"10.1002/2013wr015141","title":"Debates—The future of hydrological sciences: A (common) path forward? A call to action aimed at understanding velocities, celerities and residence time distributions of the headwater hydrograph","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":470,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Global Institute for Water Security; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Environment Research Council; Sight Research UK","keywords":"Call to action; Hydrograph; Residence; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Hydrology (agriculture); Path (computing); Environmental science; Geography; Geology; Computer science; Drainage basin; Cartography; Sociology; Demography; Geotechnical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Jeffrey J. McDonnell","is_ca":true},{"name":"Keith Beven","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05039626971877388,"gpt":0.2886177344794824,"spread":0.2382214647607085,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.08801865,0.001562167,0.004979833,0.003391035,0.008759587,0.02561984,0.008723413,0.03289602,0.02058532],"category_scores_gemma":[0.09782089,0.001074494,0.002616475,0.003720247,0.05930688,0.07118437,0.01598555,0.04588269,0.003367944],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01206194,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03268409,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01431187,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01061916,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9654048,0.01863223,0.002526636,0.004451088,0.006938902,0.002046407],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8327594,0.1064284,0.007441201,0.01154483,0.02712013,0.01470613],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002134757,0.0002193311,0.001542943,0.001024531,0.0001769418,0.0002382259,0.005306614,0.001538355,0.0006457287,0.7654384,0.1563081,0.06734729],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006691197,0.0000496965,0.001069973,0.001506802,0.00003910243,0.00008456191,0.01018797,0.001126273,0.0001186779,0.8165955,0.1689962,0.0001583312],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008610989,0.02124206,0.003436852,0.9665734,0.005542414,0.00001390098,0.00007418681,0.00004262332,0.002213559],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2014131,0.06505173,0.03302676,0.6301014,0.06213908,0.0003708061,0.00044193,0.0002857996,0.007169487],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08801865,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4654927,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1632317815","doi":"10.1029/2002wr001346","title":"Fluid flow in synthetic rough‐walled fractures: Navier‐Stokes, Stokes, and local cubic law simulations","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":458,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Stokes flow; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Stokes number; Fracture (geology); Kinematics; Stokes' law; Work (physics); Volumetric flow rate; Fluid dynamics; Mathematics; Physics; Geometry; Geology; Classical mechanics; Geotechnical engineering; Reynolds number; Turbulence; Thermodynamics","authors":[{"name":"David J. Brush","is_ca":true},{"name":"Neil R. Thomson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02458328922487782,"gpt":0.2963822508889093,"spread":0.2717989616640315,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005114902,0.0003828357,0.0007689148,0.0005420426,0.0006356991,0.0006280061,0.0008329985,0.001087956,0.00092476],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002103942,0.0003123418,0.0006936263,0.00049175,0.0008779864,0.0004497557,0.0004734861,0.0004948206,0.0000934511],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001126017,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001450045,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0299217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01370839,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997494,0.00004499716,0.00001507497,0.00003205419,0.00008976611,0.00006880073],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990403,0.0005499565,0.00009633245,0.00007361797,0.0001608213,0.00007899215],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003617052,0.00003215422,0.001457014,0.00001232469,0.000007467748,0.000044162,0.00004799971,0.9948837,0.001289192,0.001180236,0.00007001448,0.0009395602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001773609,0.00001725275,0.0002514011,0.00000216351,0.000001750721,0.000005663946,0.00001532185,0.9987581,0.0005697895,0.0002677818,0.00008812646,0.000004915651],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9821454,0.00005654904,0.01480336,0.0001154179,0.00001964834,0.00004938183,0.000363168,0.0001301841,0.002316949],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9907972,0.00004710212,0.008236466,0.00002060174,0.000007461228,0.00006487149,0.0002482281,0.00002355877,0.0005545838],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0299217,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05949509,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2166790957","doi":"10.1029/2008wr007536","title":"Surface‐subsurface flow modeling with path‐based runoff routing, boundary condition‐based coupling, and assimilation of multisource observation data","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":455,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Subsurface flow; Surface runoff; Data assimilation; Flow routing; Routing (electronic design automation); Geology; Flow (mathematics); Hydrology (agriculture); Environmental science; Computer science; Geometry; Meteorology; Mathematics; Geotechnical engineering; Groundwater; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Matteo Camporese","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claudio Paniconi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mario Putti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stefano Orlandini","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07073615673569382,"gpt":0.3138566284962208,"spread":0.2431204717605269,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002517577,0.0005624828,0.0005917718,0.0003726,0.0004324039,0.0009321309,0.001280667,0.001091299,0.001546679],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005971637,0.0005007099,0.000688527,0.0007022751,0.0005089627,0.0009362726,0.0006838441,0.0007493822,0.0002645411],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008478323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001272958,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01467431,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01141803,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998909,0.00002403347,0.000006451849,0.00003063503,0.00003510988,0.00001280114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998629,0.00005801681,0.00002306152,0.00001677856,0.00002422159,0.00001510636],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009349916,0.00001617219,0.0004753639,0.00001008833,0.000008302658,0.00001661949,0.00001623866,0.9916899,0.0009716929,0.001882538,0.0001732545,0.004730415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004250714,0.000005687677,0.000101356,0.00000107089,0.000002578869,0.000005185345,0.000001998545,0.9988123,0.0001345198,0.0007232039,0.000205756,0.000002092792],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1059787,0.0002076984,0.8866017,0.0002686361,0.00007159761,0.00009260887,0.0005452768,0.001244137,0.004989563],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8366539,0.0003545648,0.1557358,0.00005789293,0.00004835922,0.0004053879,0.0006444642,0.0001185892,0.005981111],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01467431,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02917778,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001676017","doi":"10.1029/2000wr900368","title":"Artificial neural network modeling of water table depth fluctuations","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrological Forecasting Using AI","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":443,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; University of Waterloo; Hydro-Québec; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Northwestern University; Rockefeller Foundation","keywords":"Recurrent neural network; Artificial neural network; Water table; Computer science; Aquifer; Hydrometeorology; Groundwater; Water level; Table (database); Calibration; Probabilistic neural network; Probabilistic logic; Artificial intelligence; Hydrology (agriculture); Data mining; Machine learning; Time delay neural network; Statistics; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Mathematics; Meteorology; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Paulin Coulibaly","is_ca":true},{"name":"François Anctil","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ramón Aravena","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bernard Bobée","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1098094248536929,"gpt":0.3242874505308015,"spread":0.2144780256771086,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003918305,0.0003542745,0.0002656915,0.0002567755,0.0001843186,0.0003624352,0.0005153018,0.0005113992,0.0004341348],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001639007,0.0001524167,0.0002217069,0.0004358476,0.0002343779,0.0005631282,0.0001757521,0.0003212754,0.00006863067],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006983462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004028082,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01691148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01069055,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998845,0.0000397783,0.000008114017,0.00002812653,0.00002234638,0.00001723398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997126,0.000154953,0.00004375174,0.00001457719,0.00006415781,0.000009955105],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001215374,0.000007503692,0.0009538325,0.000004900805,0.000007734675,0.00001418824,0.000007162771,0.9941268,0.0004445149,0.0006186699,0.00003909269,0.003763499],"study_design_scores_gemma":[7.196805e-7,0.000002944845,0.0001593985,3.926689e-7,9.95485e-7,0.000001418039,0.00000100809,0.9995903,0.00008371481,0.0001353315,0.00002308833,6.856945e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6975293,0.0003640935,0.2974141,0.0002250669,0.00004671343,0.00003411301,0.0002374201,0.000327559,0.003821702],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897419,0.00008716001,0.009269918,0.000008107452,0.000005706014,0.00002150447,0.00007410731,0.000005216535,0.0007864119],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01691148,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03362608,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2138203931","doi":"10.1002/2015wr017609","title":"Status of CO<sub>2</sub>storage in deep saline aquifers with emphasis on modeling approaches and practical simulations","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":443,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Alberta Innovates","funders":"Norges Forskningsråd; Princeton University; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Aquifer; Petroleum engineering; Emphasis (telecommunications); Environmental science; Geology; Hydrology (agriculture); Groundwater; Geotechnical engineering; Engineering; Electrical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Michael A. Celia","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stefan Bachu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jan M. Nordbotten","is_ca":false},{"name":"Karl W. Bandilla","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1794888240566984,"gpt":0.3746534880921135,"spread":0.1951646640354151,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004769615,0.0006532124,0.0005201066,0.0004929923,0.0003364272,0.001347322,0.0009512351,0.000968744,0.001585593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008255218,0.0003715547,0.0004375486,0.0008740012,0.001111949,0.002182021,0.000741176,0.0006152246,0.000165232],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002619273,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001684323,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0309799,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01588305,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999884,0.00002893388,0.000007979766,0.00002157786,0.00002996566,0.00002757219],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999627,0.0001614417,0.00005401285,0.000031394,0.00008929851,0.00003687423],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001207304,0.00006886463,0.0110056,0.0002757195,0.00003402833,0.0001369618,0.00008086264,0.9261335,0.004971777,0.02940751,0.001407028,0.02635744],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001246698,0.00003763386,0.001756671,0.00003122088,0.00001196929,0.00001971972,0.0001203809,0.9823857,0.002201397,0.01071319,0.002687592,0.00002202719],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8837101,0.0185969,0.06034797,0.007345151,0.0001164232,0.00006399806,0.002069782,0.0007553782,0.02699414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9895846,0.005397795,0.003436396,0.00008619735,0.00002799766,0.00002959575,0.0002514703,0.00002971487,0.001156197],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0309799,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06159914,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2119902141","doi":"10.1002/2014wr015809","title":"The pronounced seasonality of global groundwater recharge","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":432,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Global Institute for Water Security; Alberta Innovates; University of Saskatchewan; University of Calgary","funders":"Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Groundwater recharge; Groundwater; Environmental science; Hydrology (agriculture); Depression-focused recharge; Aquifer; Evapotranspiration; Precipitation; Seasonality; Geology; Geography; Ecology; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"Scott Jasechko","is_ca":true},{"name":"S. J. Birks","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tom Gleeson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yoshihide Wada","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter J. Fawcett","is_ca":false},{"name":"Z. D. Sharp","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey J. McDonnell","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. M. Welker","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03232690994602695,"gpt":0.2822927853591218,"spread":0.2499658754130948,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001609184,0.0001216939,0.0001884473,0.000488328,0.0001014306,0.000245084,0.00008349142,0.0001366204,0.0009002134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002594638,0.00007959821,0.0001619672,0.0007850527,0.000150192,0.0002523539,0.0002511894,0.00008841895,0.0001184308],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001390678,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009503779,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005239321,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009437408,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999306,0.00001199568,0.000006232816,0.00002522943,0.000009622709,0.00001628586],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998468,0.00002802408,0.00006011344,0.00001930863,0.00003111509,0.00001468768],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001560767,0.0000125271,0.9364924,0.00007827342,0.000142462,0.0001692747,0.0003179832,0.001933188,0.04091952,0.0001951799,0.0006217542,0.01896144],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002212108,0.0000172116,0.9977138,0.000002681797,0.00001381143,0.00005287353,0.0001060987,0.000536721,0.0008124039,0.00006315574,0.000675509,0.000003457105],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973847,0.0001928699,0.0002711601,0.00006256933,0.000004552547,0.00000224974,0.0009210081,0.00003852814,0.001122378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994447,0.00004996276,0.00008887369,0.000008310324,0.000003147926,0.000001188057,0.0003232754,0.000003337389,0.00007733337],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005239321,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01041764,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2096463122","doi":"10.1029/2002wr001386","title":"Geomorphic controls on hyporheic exchange flow in mountain streams","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":430,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Sinuosity; STREAMS; Hydrology (agriculture); Hyporheic zone; Riffle; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Channel (broadcasting); Stream bed; MODFLOW; Geology; Flow (mathematics); Environmental science; Groundwater; Groundwater flow; Geomorphology; Sediment; Aquifer; Geometry; Geotechnical engineering; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Tamao Kasahara","is_ca":true},{"name":"Steven M. Wondzell","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03256466938664295,"gpt":0.2784514971163992,"spread":0.2458868277297563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003312524,0.0001606117,0.0001809385,0.0003147769,0.0002582766,0.0004927348,0.0001524255,0.0001595395,0.0003487283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000681499,0.0001575974,0.0002322863,0.0002229406,0.0002766639,0.0002207105,0.0002468899,0.000114108,0.00003126056],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004649315,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003252364,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008117234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0101276,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99989,0.00004364713,0.000008325119,0.00001976383,0.00001572642,0.00002248541],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997674,0.0001042636,0.00005845895,0.00001747401,0.00002217853,0.00003023509],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005370117,0.0001491094,0.6381209,0.00006047163,0.0001286741,0.0004089345,0.0004487153,0.2756405,0.06628218,0.002023297,0.000206976,0.01599335],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008694463,0.0003532707,0.6559616,0.00001008389,0.00005887452,0.0001431504,0.0003006858,0.3325702,0.008738883,0.000933703,0.0008116942,0.00003095946],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.999622,0.000009432084,0.0002498582,0.000002969661,2.726075e-7,0.000001763242,0.00002111751,0.000009340786,0.00008324226],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995779,0.00001034898,0.0003218897,0.000001399332,4.75069e-7,0.000002835492,0.00004471241,0.00000264244,0.00003766987],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008117234,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01613998,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2108719872","doi":"10.1029/2005wr004545","title":"Generalized maximum likelihood estimators for the nonstationary generalized extreme value model","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Drought Analysis","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":427,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ouranos; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Covariate; Quantile; Estimator; Generalized extreme value distribution; Statistics; Generalized linear model; Estimation theory; Mathematics; Maximum likelihood; Scale parameter; Restricted maximum likelihood; Extreme value theory; Econometrics; Applied mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Salah‐Eddine El Adlouni","is_ca":true},{"name":"Taha B. M. J. Ouarda","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xuebin Zhang","is_ca":true},{"name":"René Roy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bernard Bobée","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0587021527822258,"gpt":0.3290394790977633,"spread":0.2703373263155375,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009073059,0.0009199805,0.001651851,0.001710482,0.0004276757,0.001379408,0.002653932,0.00137038,0.002812804],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03999616,0.0007524517,0.00130187,0.00200129,0.001121071,0.002732914,0.001973105,0.002219142,0.0007459412],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007494529,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001509963,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001902001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00204269,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962434,0.002746966,0.0001260578,0.000368487,0.0003845797,0.0001306056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9852799,0.0120842,0.001013536,0.0008898642,0.0006240015,0.0001084534],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008326376,0.00006768185,0.002984489,0.0003626893,0.0003690266,0.000195666,0.0002202681,0.6270687,0.001100577,0.2275635,0.002683386,0.1373008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002547416,0.00002834859,0.0008662094,0.00004267274,0.00002741112,0.00005925586,0.00003163334,0.8293507,0.0002642256,0.1673703,0.001900722,0.00003318504],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.002280763,0.0002134595,0.9971063,0.00007228467,0.00001022253,0.00001928502,0.00004390609,0.00009571433,0.0001582674],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1914513,0.001614843,0.8023855,0.0002064234,0.0001992608,0.0005360657,0.001007638,0.0002469926,0.002352046],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009073059,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04798353,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1766249972","doi":"10.1029/2011wr010602","title":"Overall uncertainty study of the hydrological impacts of climate change for a Canadian watershed","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":423,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke; École de Technologie Supérieure; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Institut national de la recherche scientifique","keywords":"Downscaling; Environmental science; Climate change; Uncertainty analysis; Climatology; Watershed; GCM transcription factors; General Circulation Model; Hydrological modelling; Climate model; Greenhouse gas; Hydrology (agriculture); Statistics; Mathematics; Computer science; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Jie Chen","is_ca":true},{"name":"François Brissette","is_ca":true},{"name":"Annie Poulin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert Leconte","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09664024249938828,"gpt":0.3066090268462272,"spread":0.2099687843468389,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002271299,0.0004805905,0.0005450787,0.001624952,0.0009091586,0.001185862,0.0005847274,0.0002841534,0.0004940894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004497287,0.0001612429,0.000823961,0.002542928,0.0004824472,0.0005418352,0.0006634267,0.0002917008,0.00003722091],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005937714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004671535,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6944938,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7153222,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990106,0.0001344495,0.00004274334,0.0001293023,0.0005641995,0.0001186175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984838,0.0006166348,0.0001177076,0.00008801274,0.0006384085,0.00005545888],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001855414,0.00004818068,0.1717964,0.0001347082,0.0009272499,0.0003121193,0.000353883,0.7602967,0.005075072,0.003825548,0.0009397466,0.05610482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002293993,0.0001151979,0.4019873,0.00004400915,0.0006213146,0.00009997546,0.000719216,0.5809149,0.006369933,0.003614206,0.005363797,0.0001271407],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9798905,0.0005127202,0.0109983,0.0002035846,0.000008629776,0.00005022787,0.002054818,0.00007000916,0.006211197],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949411,0.0001727788,0.003482513,0.00001734148,0.000006447718,0.00001443772,0.0009490511,0.000009833283,0.000406497],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3055062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6146108,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1941098055","doi":"10.1002/2015wr017780","title":"Physically based modeling in catchment hydrology at 50: Survey and outlook","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":374,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Population; Scale (ratio); Hydrological modelling; Computer science; Process (computing); Advection; Field (mathematics); Consistency (knowledge bases); Hydrology (agriculture); Environmental science; Geography; Mathematics; Geology; Climatology; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Claudio Paniconi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mario Putti","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1013293084291693,"gpt":0.3170974214466951,"spread":0.2157681130175257,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00225786,0.0006145905,0.0005708141,0.002081814,0.0002618014,0.002426618,0.001039313,0.00112186,0.002662775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002084716,0.0005461403,0.0006338378,0.005521533,0.001188698,0.004839872,0.001192052,0.001175797,0.000775826],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001598002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001342971,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008272513,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005298004,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996269,0.0001437427,0.00003570716,0.00005949107,0.000103111,0.00003104506],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999157,0.0003792887,0.00009826686,0.00009339261,0.0002172889,0.00005490095],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004314481,0.0001973665,0.01215503,0.00171753,0.00008645679,0.0001866849,0.0003770631,0.1548987,0.001157164,0.2360212,0.01789138,0.5752683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001741717,0.000258625,0.02034544,0.002477968,0.0001338429,0.0005720163,0.0009172646,0.2708448,0.001622219,0.174508,0.528143,0.000159392],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0319267,0.667655,0.2485459,0.01428474,0.0007095223,0.00009952184,0.0006235757,0.0006132825,0.0355418],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1794573,0.7516658,0.05842027,0.000776513,0.001034832,0.0001403811,0.0007815321,0.0001245485,0.007598809],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008272513,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01644868,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052960370","doi":"10.1002/2014wr016527","title":"What do we mean by sensitivity analysis? The need for comprehensive characterization of “global” sensitivity in <scp>E</scp>arth and <scp>E</scp>nvironmental systems models","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":368,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Global Institute for Water Security; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Sensitivity (control systems); Context (archaeology); Variety (cybernetics); Computer science; Interpretation (philosophy); Artificial intelligence; Engineering; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Saman Razavi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hoshin V. Gupta","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04763147605305314,"gpt":0.2809119225669656,"spread":0.2332804465139124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0472053,0.002362718,0.004436942,0.00626943,0.002276038,0.01124416,0.004859073,0.006734395,0.004244023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1471629,0.001227911,0.003840371,0.004830251,0.01797025,0.02328036,0.007505334,0.01247654,0.0005509434],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005449593,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004082304,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004767342,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002732401,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9477561,0.03830901,0.002116406,0.003998767,0.006360038,0.001459762],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8398628,0.1335636,0.005772908,0.009647572,0.00960345,0.001549646],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003039464,0.00005203677,0.001731701,0.0004377573,0.0002905713,0.0001581203,0.0008780152,0.1156022,0.0003077212,0.8552115,0.004249012,0.02105105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005121814,0.0000160486,0.0002694804,0.000239217,0.00002810826,0.00003866847,0.0002693779,0.03995126,0.0001777951,0.9557406,0.003211667,0.000052598],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.0155113,0.01015451,0.8887158,0.05862042,0.001108382,0.0001836062,0.0002969341,0.0003127256,0.02509625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7663793,0.01159026,0.2048527,0.01053961,0.002521666,0.0007804046,0.0002416977,0.0005769276,0.002517453],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9527947,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2496485,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1623304261","doi":"10.1029/2011wr011595","title":"Influence of permafrost distribution on groundwater flow in the context of climate‐driven permafrost thaw: Example from Yukon Flats Basin, Alaska, United States","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":335,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Permafrost; Groundwater; Groundwater flow; Hydrology (agriculture); Climate change; Structural basin; Geology; Hydrogeology; Environmental science; Geomorphology; Aquifer; Oceanography","authors":[{"name":"Michelle A. Walvoord","is_ca":false},{"name":"Clifford I. Voss","is_ca":false},{"name":"T. P. Wellman","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0643644458461423,"gpt":0.2920307293993174,"spread":0.2276662835531751,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001436301,0.0001144807,0.0001532412,0.0005738934,0.0005520731,0.0004883236,0.0001968236,0.0002207082,0.0006375527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000343868,0.00009084752,0.000226951,0.0009887142,0.0004472306,0.0002947809,0.0003608058,0.0001039785,0.00004542559],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00103192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007147462,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.274662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.432594,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999512,0.00001251442,0.000005879342,0.00001160416,0.000006842861,0.00001199851],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999872,0.00003338901,0.00002196643,0.000008909797,0.0000372051,0.00002656486],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001042198,0.00003369264,0.9808883,0.00005676046,0.00008658329,0.0009058535,0.0009760875,0.0074604,0.002297692,0.0002302744,0.0003952481,0.006564792],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006159636,0.00001790459,0.9911369,0.00001231629,0.0000377713,0.0001055325,0.002881892,0.004964233,0.0002482666,0.0001335384,0.0004460973,0.000009354724],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993736,0.00005787566,0.00002250183,0.00002560188,9.600492e-7,0.000001341081,0.0001421689,0.00000472802,0.0003711894],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997392,0.00005100376,0.00003469329,0.000005878762,3.967697e-7,0.000001002214,0.0001027759,7.725656e-7,0.00006434457],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.274662,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5461265,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1534991942","doi":"10.1029/2008wr007042","title":"Modeling snow accumulation and ablation processes in forested environments","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Cryospheric studies and observations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":318,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Snow; Interception; Environmental science; Lysimeter; Throughfall; Boreal; Atmospheric sciences; Taiga; Hydrology (agriculture); Geology; Soil science; Ecology; Forestry; Geomorphology; Soil water; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Konstantinos M. Andreadis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pascal Storck","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dennis P. Lettenmaier","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.109622236587136,"gpt":0.3186589100152386,"spread":0.2090366734281025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001511228,0.0002917175,0.0002444271,0.0002145412,0.0002908988,0.0005018323,0.0003851184,0.0003550982,0.0003757182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003677946,0.0002426369,0.0003465731,0.0002681117,0.0002261261,0.0005297688,0.0002596482,0.000169386,0.00006224168],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005600685,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007567638,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06870315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05816394,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999601,0.000008758392,0.000002681925,0.000008674659,0.000005524207,0.00001433783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999026,0.00004190689,0.00001932723,0.00000616225,0.00001416352,0.00001583239],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003008778,0.0000269685,0.01036534,0.000009734361,0.00001953565,0.00005913608,0.00003642702,0.9837745,0.001930152,0.0005089739,0.00006727081,0.003171773],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001153349,0.00001110893,0.003846992,0.000001832764,0.000006445433,0.00001247513,0.00001407459,0.9951949,0.0003190335,0.0004215551,0.0001565282,0.000003615078],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9834592,0.0001319004,0.01471762,0.00005438101,0.000007284297,0.00001195032,0.0001491768,0.0000821471,0.001386363],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967774,0.0001090114,0.002304384,0.000005442273,0.000005220154,0.00001010685,0.0000939063,0.000009571839,0.0006850857],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06870315,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1366065,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1532924711","doi":"10.1029/2005wr004224","title":"Plume persistence due to aquitard back diffusion following dense nonaqueous phase liquid source removal or isolation","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":312,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Aquifer; Plume; Geology; Advection; Silt; Trichloroethylene; Artesian aquifer; Soil science; Groundwater; Piezometer; Hydrology (agriculture); Geotechnical engineering; Geomorphology; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Meteorology; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Steven Chapman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Beth L. Parker","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04926963781550788,"gpt":0.3142800374957083,"spread":0.2650103996802004,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001018063,0.0001835704,0.0001862766,0.0002694298,0.0002502638,0.0004882281,0.0002586485,0.0002385735,0.0004718056],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003949502,0.0001965127,0.0002257028,0.0001986517,0.0003456008,0.0002444954,0.0005153411,0.0002754453,0.00006233577],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001195502,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004415199,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0412639,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0265763,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999013,0.000009305373,0.000004274,0.00002243787,0.0000274474,0.0000352406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998326,0.00004183333,0.00006673711,0.00001390299,0.00002607706,0.00001870868],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000979846,0.0001849855,0.1676136,0.00007968754,0.00007540285,0.0008130723,0.000575536,0.02854767,0.7855948,0.0006215781,0.0001932881,0.01472045],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001957286,0.001487058,0.3363522,0.00002243215,0.0001174933,0.0007132104,0.0009295637,0.2038177,0.453946,0.0006991106,0.001640856,0.00007860338],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995566,0.00001593889,0.0002801374,0.000009630234,4.545512e-7,0.000002916935,0.00001730436,0.000009658838,0.0001073577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995987,0.00001908382,0.0001595706,0.000004486521,4.482284e-7,0.000003673151,0.00005412802,0.000001858832,0.0001580877],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0412639,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08204746,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1643292166","doi":"10.1029/2002wr001367","title":"Factors controlling riffle‐scale hyporheic exchange flows and their seasonal changes in a gaining stream: A three‐dimensional groundwater flow model","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":311,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Riffle; Alluvium; Hydrology (agriculture); Geology; MODFLOW; Groundwater; Groundwater flow; Hyporheic zone; Flow (mathematics); STREAMS; Sediment; Soil science; Geomorphology; Aquifer; Geotechnical engineering; Geometry","authors":[{"name":"Richard G. Storey","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kenneth W. Howard","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0534766795310851,"gpt":0.2651898956615008,"spread":0.2117132161304157,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001554859,0.0002839697,0.0003354424,0.0002139769,0.0003319792,0.0005842383,0.0005708726,0.0007931386,0.0007106091],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003641232,0.0002488925,0.0005654074,0.0002500022,0.0004794231,0.0003393754,0.000254735,0.0003691866,0.00007521915],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001018914,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001021352,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04284636,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02678999,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999554,0.000009727321,0.000002512859,0.00001300205,0.000004632247,0.0000146825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998851,0.00004567036,0.0000204531,0.000007924036,0.00001836421,0.00002243914],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005298586,0.00004672616,0.009774502,0.000009962501,0.000013629,0.00007260919,0.0000526741,0.9839777,0.004187258,0.0005431439,0.000108521,0.001160174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001613987,0.00001949577,0.002778294,0.000001351879,0.000006046261,0.000008352502,0.0000183489,0.9966335,0.0003404676,0.0001179449,0.0000551987,0.000004983551],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951148,0.00001363622,0.003803225,0.00005656425,0.000002860729,0.00001160921,0.0002034546,0.00005942877,0.000734391],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984385,0.00002079003,0.00105916,0.000007409888,0.000001439347,0.00001373886,0.00008861885,0.000007017883,0.0003633383],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04284636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08519393,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129846848","doi":"10.1029/2003wr002583","title":"Confluence effects in rivers: Interactions of basin scale, network geometry, and disturbance regimes","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":308,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Tributary; Confluence; Landform; Hydrology (agriculture); Drainage basin; Geology; Drainage density; Watershed; Sediment; Channel (broadcasting); Geomorphology; Drainage network; Disturbance (geology); Structural basin; Geography; Geotechnical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Lee Benda","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kevin Andras","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel J. Miller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul Bigelow","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01453091452270393,"gpt":0.2760234370736404,"spread":0.2614925225509365,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001550205,0.0002103218,0.0004508017,0.001721189,0.0006636967,0.001279325,0.0002785518,0.0003011341,0.001378078],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007746713,0.000219081,0.0004854364,0.002704008,0.001093418,0.001065138,0.00141803,0.0003186198,0.0001323547],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009793666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008077113,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01039208,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03811448,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987035,0.0003691361,0.0002193759,0.0002634791,0.0003307514,0.0001137286],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9917664,0.00467865,0.002020697,0.0003421595,0.0008140086,0.0003780966],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000798215,0.00003814339,0.9614449,0.0003830694,0.0002717063,0.0003531967,0.0005577623,0.001181053,0.00103497,0.0004876327,0.00036913,0.03379858],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004625483,0.00007761583,0.9954254,0.00005912245,0.0002243298,0.000285431,0.0004021343,0.0003179624,0.0003716494,0.0002676514,0.002554373,0.00000978707],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9694177,0.02120539,0.002464427,0.0003745512,0.0000357553,0.00004584846,0.0004015358,0.00006982918,0.005984992],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930998,0.005597461,0.0006515332,0.00005711311,0.00003482904,0.00001305145,0.0002005177,0.00001166144,0.000334084],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01039208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02066314,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3188169536","doi":"10.1029/2020wr029001","title":"The Abuse of Popular Performance Metrics in Hydrologic Modeling","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":298,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Global Water Futures; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Hydrological modelling; Environmental science; Hydrology (agriculture); Computer science; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Climatology","authors":[{"name":"Martyn Clark","is_ca":true},{"name":"Richard M. Vogel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jonathan Lamontagne","is_ca":false},{"name":"Naoki Mizukami","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wouter Knoben","is_ca":true},{"name":"Guoqiang Tang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shervan Gharari","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jim Freer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Paul H. Whitfield","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kevin Shook","is_ca":true},{"name":"Simon Michael Papalexiou","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05464573691619524,"gpt":0.2947246862389659,"spread":0.2400789493227707,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.1854398,0.001343035,0.002462732,0.004675631,0.002714756,0.01210021,0.006572214,0.005934151,0.001085771],"category_scores_gemma":[0.4512995,0.0005953625,0.002055142,0.006811505,0.02005353,0.01221059,0.004408857,0.01206029,0.0003930439],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01088054,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008458135,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01000906,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006723693,"domain_scores_codex":[0.7382663,0.1960561,0.0154481,0.009029524,0.03868967,0.002510458],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.3312594,0.5543321,0.02149663,0.0221254,0.06941952,0.00136691],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"evaluation","domain_candidate":"evaluation","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001473128,0.00004596152,0.003652205,0.0008365283,0.0002354495,0.0001415709,0.002291754,0.02416901,0.0001748729,0.8637649,0.04512496,0.05941543],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004706502,0.0003075661,0.005396303,0.003763094,0.0001467051,0.0003261739,0.002605448,0.08742171,0.00209949,0.7495428,0.148024,0.000319748],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03190501,0.07105554,0.4790589,0.3607392,0.01753635,0.0002452499,0.0007997779,0.0006719421,0.03798807],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7521288,0.02543495,0.1199543,0.06281754,0.03352859,0.0006081129,0.0003029313,0.001072445,0.00415233],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8145602,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.980711,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1828519757","doi":"10.1002/2015wr017318","title":"Predicting colloid transport through saturated porous media: A critical review","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":297,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Porous medium; Colloid; Geotechnical engineering; Porosity; Materials science; Geology; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Ian L. Molnar","is_ca":true},{"name":"William P. Johnson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jason I. Gerhard","is_ca":true},{"name":"Clinton S. Willson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Denis M. O’Carroll","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1503257708499446,"gpt":0.3959079982346281,"spread":0.2455822273846835,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002241451,0.002104728,0.002727962,0.002761008,0.0004339125,0.002257871,0.002440799,0.002428558,0.001833155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004104104,0.001112785,0.001743735,0.002931495,0.001107723,0.003135526,0.001287572,0.002096899,0.001236514],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001279236,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002408372,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004617644,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002126049,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993362,0.0001174986,0.00009844312,0.0001410211,0.0002648082,0.00004200567],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965183,0.002351025,0.0001977527,0.00007041098,0.0007934323,0.00006910741],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001224148,0.0001842437,0.001608938,0.05997367,0.0006814734,0.0004487335,0.0002275394,0.03558011,0.005370429,0.02876734,0.03111783,0.8359174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005431308,0.000610908,0.003229545,0.02148099,0.001352415,0.001649721,0.0003158321,0.03645838,0.01030223,0.03477462,0.8893803,0.0003906632],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004573429,0.9946726,0.003632581,0.0003396599,0.0002393646,0.00001520807,0.00004307303,0.00002460041,0.0005755984],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.002759732,0.9945008,0.00192948,0.0001308948,0.0003729962,0.00002397007,0.00006550168,0.00001046837,0.0002062963],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004617644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01185405,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1604151720","doi":"10.1029/2007wr005956","title":"Coupled modelling of glacier and streamflow response to future climate scenarios","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Cryospheric studies and observations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":297,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Streamflow; Glacier; Glacier mass balance; Climate change; Climatology; Environmental science; Forcing (mathematics); Drainage basin; Hydrology (agriculture); Geology; Geomorphology; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Kerstin Stahl","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. D. Moore","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. M. Shea","is_ca":true},{"name":"D. Hutchinson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alex J. Cannon","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0735623846964823,"gpt":0.2758341788284651,"spread":0.2022717941319828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006822892,0.0004668242,0.0004712341,0.000474574,0.0005243239,0.001276124,0.001005791,0.00094376,0.001292535],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002133865,0.0004281531,0.0005582271,0.0007302298,0.0006334921,0.001087546,0.0006534496,0.0006817316,0.00009980871],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004776763,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0023728,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2860141,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2002486,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996417,0.0001164785,0.00001738227,0.0001068174,0.00004586532,0.00007172295],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994183,0.0002523434,0.00007737206,0.00006624032,0.0001123619,0.00007349622],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000403016,0.00001971129,0.00364167,0.000006632653,0.0000462291,0.00001529764,0.00002866114,0.9943628,0.0004548519,0.0005323869,0.00008798264,0.0007633963],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003158846,0.00002075096,0.003419572,0.000001579218,0.00002214558,0.000005074322,0.00003103523,0.9954299,0.0001854163,0.000635831,0.0002067456,0.00001035877],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9875959,0.00007595462,0.00819678,0.0002429102,0.00002072918,0.00003172641,0.000746937,0.0001651014,0.002923908],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980639,0.00003573159,0.001146805,0.00001812337,0.000003737287,0.00001821812,0.0002544572,0.00001051404,0.0004486374],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2860141,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5686986,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1551996627","doi":"10.1029/2007wr006051","title":"Global consumptive water use for crop production: The importance of green water and virtual water","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Water-Energy-Food Nexus Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":293,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Alberta Energy","funders":"Eidgenössische Anstalt für Wasserversorgung Abwasserreinigung und Gewässerschutz; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; European Commission","keywords":"Virtual water; Water use; Environmental science; Agriculture; Water scarcity; Farm water; Water resources; Food security; Water conservation; Business; Agricultural engineering; Agricultural economics; Water resource management; Agroforestry; Agronomy; Economics; Geography; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Junguo Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alexander J. B. Zehnder","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hong Yang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05641318231410272,"gpt":0.3055722708861439,"spread":0.2491590885720411,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002899554,0.0003033092,0.0001872119,0.001072159,0.0001132009,0.0009077806,0.0001523533,0.0002442349,0.001310988],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009771503,0.0000959828,0.0002548326,0.002576615,0.0005831837,0.001646079,0.0005656818,0.000193719,0.00006982394],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004916614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000292857,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01103397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02188169,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998888,0.00002883367,0.000005180435,0.00003237861,0.00003027892,0.00001458239],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999629,0.0001573819,0.0001183601,0.00002324449,0.00004981819,0.00002215608],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001230102,0.00003262219,0.7931357,0.0004025244,0.0003305832,0.00040021,0.0007099475,0.07457423,0.004984015,0.01435479,0.001306448,0.1096458],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006280282,0.00006613664,0.9358072,0.00007815248,0.00008068753,0.0001861344,0.002267621,0.03430354,0.0023624,0.01041923,0.01438908,0.00003350159],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9752228,0.003098138,0.005159092,0.0006474176,0.0000113864,0.000009260943,0.0007112859,0.00002802161,0.01511263],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997517,0.0008865286,0.0008485813,0.00003450608,0.000007280647,0.00000365969,0.0001943984,0.000008377849,0.0004996384],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01103397,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02193946,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1597114888","doi":"10.1029/2008wr007301","title":"Evaluating uncertainty in integrated environmental models: A review of concepts and tools","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":292,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Interoperability; Glossary; Context (archaeology); Software; Data science; Software engineering; Thematic map; Management science; Systems engineering; World Wide Web; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"L. Shawn Matott","is_ca":true},{"name":"Justin Babendreier","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. Thomas Purucker","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2070957436629811,"gpt":0.4331131918900122,"spread":0.2260174482270312,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01561643,0.002512669,0.004088907,0.01477901,0.0007426745,0.004533813,0.003674156,0.002304177,0.002074849],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02823481,0.001413496,0.002172766,0.01824668,0.002946496,0.008050978,0.002330309,0.002502452,0.0008196372],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004833863,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006291359,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006399256,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00709318,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9901159,0.003534397,0.001625348,0.0006026305,0.003989727,0.0001319616],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9714485,0.02359585,0.001414746,0.0006504002,0.002754418,0.0001361015],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003335303,0.0001033168,0.0008456296,0.0447005,0.0004881459,0.0001773742,0.0005883878,0.01859832,0.0005876978,0.109704,0.01168668,0.8124866],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004079716,0.0002415543,0.00236217,0.07395341,0.0008112513,0.0007788859,0.001377813,0.01402439,0.002182282,0.2092786,0.6946493,0.0002994694],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006512136,0.9543432,0.03849539,0.001518587,0.000231151,0.00008686491,0.0001769369,0.00009050449,0.004406119],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.007999656,0.9533358,0.03741555,0.0003362372,0.0001908557,0.0002175601,0.000178042,0.00003233733,0.0002941368],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01561643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08258855,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2135546836","doi":"10.1029/2005wr004560","title":"Beaver dams and overbank floods influence groundwater–surface water interactions of a Rocky Mountain riparian area","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Ecology and biodiversity studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":290,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey","keywords":"Beaver; Overbank; Hydrology (agriculture); Riparian zone; Water table; Environmental science; Surface runoff; Floodplain; Wetland; Surface water; Alluvial fan; Groundwater; Flood myth; Groundwater recharge; Aquifer; Geology; Ecology; Habitat; Geography; Fluvial; Geomorphology","authors":[{"name":"Cherie J. Westbrook","is_ca":true},{"name":"David J. Cooper","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bruce W. Baker","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02517071849791572,"gpt":0.2788909120890948,"spread":0.2537201935911791,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001545871,0.0001012115,0.000139895,0.0002330712,0.000337372,0.0004685873,0.0001362851,0.0001635294,0.0008075144],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006432649,0.000118038,0.0001218793,0.0001665189,0.000272422,0.0001851959,0.0003763009,0.0001410126,0.00005215549],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003662448,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004016257,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03766606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1102963,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998602,0.00005323054,0.000004821872,0.00002649123,0.00001457658,0.00004076088],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995877,0.0001028889,0.0001345297,0.00001880664,0.00004231422,0.000113734],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009783434,0.0001150923,0.9803479,0.00001573832,0.00009127307,0.0003392853,0.001186925,0.0009103289,0.008101515,0.0001323909,0.000349741,0.008311954],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001869928,0.00004728825,0.9980934,0.000002677915,0.00001411284,0.00003887915,0.0006484041,0.000733337,0.0001393179,0.0000326474,0.0002452811,0.00000280793],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997298,0.00001153689,0.00002089014,0.000008338866,2.701604e-7,0.000001011487,0.000009247905,0.000001341383,0.0002175479],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997728,0.00001971615,0.00005108676,0.000009018314,8.534961e-7,0.0000017432,0.00002536265,9.263075e-7,0.0001185372],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03766606,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07489359,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1625781166","doi":"10.1029/2008wr006848","title":"Regional groundwater flow in mountainous terrain: Three‐dimensional simulations of topographic and hydrogeologic controls","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":282,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Water table; Groundwater recharge; Geology; Hydrogeology; Groundwater flow; Elevation (ballistics); Groundwater; Hydrology (agriculture); Terrain; Flow (mathematics); Geomorphology; Aquifer; Geography; Geometry; Geotechnical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Tom Gleeson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrew H. Manning","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04401447170204945,"gpt":0.2777513248083834,"spread":0.2337368531063339,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003565419,0.0003208793,0.0004840299,0.0004560887,0.0004185642,0.0008377655,0.0005770763,0.000731957,0.0008931992],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001370504,0.0002562763,0.000638466,0.000551294,0.0007959454,0.0004606615,0.0004999214,0.000365847,0.00006891406],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000970361,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006426163,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04060011,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01891035,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998667,0.00005055825,0.00000682157,0.00001981512,0.00001773516,0.00003838804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999509,0.0002883056,0.00006617536,0.00003634294,0.00004329935,0.00005699022],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000449194,0.00003108347,0.003712101,0.000007684731,0.00001198223,0.00004504458,0.00004057352,0.9942473,0.0006579891,0.0005390793,0.00004577736,0.0006163035],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003298362,0.00002920284,0.001605705,0.000003277258,0.000006456214,0.000009651709,0.00004706176,0.9977429,0.0001902612,0.000214952,0.0001101187,0.000007374753],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9949889,0.00004851537,0.003182557,0.00007409227,0.00000803182,0.0000137566,0.0001577104,0.00004548869,0.001481004],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984329,0.00004302621,0.001214812,0.00001761213,0.000003193032,0.00001265774,0.00008104268,0.000007945262,0.0001867194],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04060011,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08072758,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1553433319","doi":"10.1029/2005wr004742","title":"Modeled impacts of predicted climate change on recharge and groundwater levels","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":281,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Cure Cancer Australia Foundation","keywords":"Groundwater recharge; MODFLOW; Aquifer; Environmental science; Hydrology (agriculture); Downscaling; Depression-focused recharge; Groundwater model; Climate change; Groundwater; Evapotranspiration; Groundwater flow; Precipitation; Geology; Geography; Meteorology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Jacek Scibek","is_ca":true},{"name":"D. M. Allen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06679053687067071,"gpt":0.3045223977852558,"spread":0.2377318609145851,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005349967,0.0005417247,0.0003717017,0.0004000743,0.0004252104,0.0005995839,0.00128661,0.0005604519,0.001776047],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000923054,0.0003318935,0.0006341859,0.000677394,0.0003008082,0.0004474416,0.0003031326,0.0006159886,0.000155916],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003694067,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003718692,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3761576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3304831,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999821,0.00004594881,0.000009007307,0.00004691025,0.0000322874,0.0000447482],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997416,0.00009539544,0.00002600739,0.0000250494,0.00008669864,0.00002531281],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003576381,0.0000220086,0.01024816,0.00001466336,0.00003406081,0.00002808282,0.00001344951,0.9864494,0.0004558612,0.0006931221,0.0003722473,0.001633163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000474544,0.00003293236,0.008876598,0.000005854611,0.00003116781,0.000009071232,0.00003148391,0.9882872,0.0008419989,0.0007234752,0.001095726,0.00001706732],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9424925,0.0001119913,0.02916317,0.0003195558,0.00006404942,0.000250228,0.01532153,0.0008074964,0.01146937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9883794,0.00006202621,0.006334051,0.00003540141,0.000006605114,0.0001891894,0.003439064,0.00004334825,0.001511018],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3761576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7479361,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1901134081","doi":"10.1029/2003wr002356","title":"Evaluation of cubic law based models describing single‐phase flow through a rough‐walled fracture","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":279,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Fracture (geology); Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Discretization; Work (physics); Surface roughness; Materials science; Surface finish; Law; Surface (topology); Volumetric flow rate; Geology; Geometry; Geotechnical engineering; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Thermodynamics; Composite material","authors":[{"name":"Julie Konzuk","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bernard H. Kueper","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1913558013945895,"gpt":0.3567326910415327,"spread":0.1653768896469432,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002416492,0.0006464121,0.0008221411,0.001180888,0.0005891948,0.001038899,0.002051734,0.001266838,0.001032171],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006868327,0.0003659406,0.00105858,0.0006631298,0.0007414698,0.00099512,0.0007043747,0.001075256,0.0002388838],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002595738,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002946776,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0312621,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01803412,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993293,0.0001556874,0.00003722923,0.00009507353,0.0002899372,0.00009272955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9934793,0.004147185,0.0005744124,0.0005035079,0.00114634,0.0001493713],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003501086,0.00003979459,0.001202996,0.0000181779,0.000007446179,0.00003270204,0.00003222873,0.9915721,0.001052391,0.001255896,0.00009659906,0.004654652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002108806,0.000008914266,0.00007601306,0.000001189438,7.764501e-7,0.00000482931,0.000003952985,0.9996058,0.0001608249,0.00009382307,0.00003866871,0.000003117828],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6141284,0.0003725068,0.37115,0.0002897297,0.00007587256,0.0003489894,0.0002875091,0.001594418,0.01175253],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9585692,0.0001476497,0.03943964,0.00005475911,0.00001651408,0.0001280278,0.0001393285,0.000136481,0.001368318],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0312621,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06216025,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2613887458","doi":"10.1002/2016wr020102","title":"Biogeochemical hotspots: Role of small water bodies in landscape nutrient processing","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":272,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biogeochemical cycle; Wetland; Environmental science; Nutrient; Lake ecosystem; Ecosystem; Hydrology (agriculture); Residence time (fluid dynamics); Biogeochemistry; Ecology; Phosphorus; Nutrient cycle; Biology; Geology; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"F. Y. Cheng","is_ca":true},{"name":"N. B. Basu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02847494536563144,"gpt":0.282946436982044,"spread":0.2544714916164126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003429129,0.0001304894,0.0002536483,0.0006391216,0.0002933001,0.0008174501,0.0002498757,0.0002382816,0.001191566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001043392,0.0001451869,0.0002730625,0.0004755013,0.000608632,0.0006007671,0.0005209565,0.0001298712,0.00005712442],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005071287,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003158705,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01218263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01841374,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998716,0.00002817664,0.000008916364,0.0000534453,0.00001191605,0.0000259373],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993367,0.0002708609,0.0001710264,0.00005878965,0.0000806779,0.00008189285],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001856962,0.00006569319,0.9191921,0.000134062,0.0002229092,0.0003038445,0.0004109438,0.01807136,0.04081228,0.001960667,0.0002657904,0.01837455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009402009,0.00004206028,0.972611,0.000006606781,0.00004146352,0.00005729261,0.0002777356,0.02383743,0.001437334,0.001170931,0.0004954422,0.00001341894],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989453,0.00005442847,0.0005123075,0.00002087246,0.000001036869,0.000004568349,0.00005453634,0.00001058304,0.0003962787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998103,0.0000111865,0.0001231529,0.000003039625,7.727119e-7,0.000001053695,0.00001662058,0.000001766645,0.00003212387],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01218263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02422345,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1502044662","doi":"10.1029/2010wr009092","title":"A new capillary and thin film flow model for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated porous media","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Soil and Unsaturated Flow","field":"Engineering","cited_by":271,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Hydraulic conductivity; Capillary action; Porous medium; Conductivity; Hydraulic head; Mechanics; Water flow; Flow (mathematics); Head (geology); Materials science; Water transport; Range (aeronautics); Soil water; Characterisation of pore space in soil; Geotechnical engineering; Porosity; Soil science; Environmental science; Geology; Composite material; Chemistry; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Marc Lebeau","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐Marie Konrad","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03513043543703532,"gpt":0.267059143498246,"spread":0.2319287080612107,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003740024,0.0005870272,0.0006243373,0.0007466919,0.000378906,0.0006646889,0.001277016,0.001419792,0.0009388247],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001372806,0.0003270619,0.0009322278,0.000725576,0.0006119422,0.001844029,0.0004416946,0.0008292138,0.0002143473],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007395254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001283793,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006746951,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003658771,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998139,0.00002682501,0.000009748826,0.00003913594,0.00008212517,0.00002829595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997321,0.0001316683,0.00002980849,0.00001602198,0.00006967894,0.00002069945],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003295654,0.00004482679,0.0005537152,0.00006894374,0.00002182576,0.0001675212,0.00004782945,0.9414062,0.01512162,0.02549386,0.0009917266,0.01604897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004058823,0.00001316123,0.0000624217,0.000002130164,0.00000408141,0.00002063855,0.000002321733,0.9967506,0.0008418431,0.001886616,0.0004072093,0.000005025643],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03561073,0.0004436616,0.9592507,0.0002456316,0.000102431,0.0000790878,0.0002229306,0.0003821937,0.003662552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7756975,0.001597606,0.208069,0.0002448273,0.000200889,0.0005176681,0.0005012864,0.0001270552,0.01304426],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006746951,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01341534,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1649253606","doi":"10.1029/2006wr005275","title":"Metaelliptical copulas and their use in frequency analysis of multivariate hydrological data","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Drought Analysis","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":271,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Education, Recreation and Sports; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique; Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Copula (linguistics); Multivariate statistics; Goodness of fit; Statistics; Econometrics; Flood myth; Multivariate analysis; Hydrology (agriculture); Mathematics; Computer science; Geology; Geography; Geotechnical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Christian Genest","is_ca":true},{"name":"Anne‐Catherine Favre","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐Guy Beliveau","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1079611552798857,"gpt":0.3553240683180759,"spread":0.2473629130381902,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005131671,0.001445161,0.001194709,0.003231087,0.0004206161,0.001814838,0.001283237,0.0009761229,0.002834933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02282668,0.0006077121,0.001657228,0.004919879,0.001368137,0.001849534,0.001301507,0.001958716,0.0008594929],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007130661,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007706485,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002239066,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002053807,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976571,0.001259411,0.0001599546,0.0003180016,0.0005063481,0.00009919929],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9870579,0.01029782,0.0009546744,0.0008955713,0.0006567943,0.0001372933],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008825451,0.00004659329,0.006239508,0.0007939377,0.0005071862,0.0007375414,0.0004890366,0.3161153,0.005381394,0.3581674,0.005484388,0.3059496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001036788,0.00009017806,0.004944522,0.0001567721,0.00008304043,0.0005994154,0.00008897247,0.7504913,0.001360899,0.2297484,0.01232092,0.000105194],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.003071848,0.001628905,0.993658,0.0001162492,0.00004174908,0.00002160913,0.0001581507,0.0001393618,0.001164101],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2645277,0.01137124,0.7191582,0.0002659742,0.000689183,0.0003717473,0.0009721689,0.0003537452,0.00229002],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005131671,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02713925,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1487821612","doi":"10.1029/2010wr009632","title":"Effects of wave forcing on a subterranean estuary","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":260,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Submarine groundwater discharge; Geology; Estuary; Forcing (mathematics); Aquifer; Intertidal zone; Plume; Seawater; Oceanography; Groundwater; Wave setup; Kelvin wave; Hydrology (agriculture); Submarine pipeline; Atmospheric sciences; Wave propagation; Geotechnical engineering; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"Pei Xin","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. E. Robinson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ling Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"D. A. Barry","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. Bakhtyar","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02994655794327114,"gpt":0.2591162039448169,"spread":0.2291696460015458,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001494584,0.0004089279,0.0003133077,0.000353739,0.0006119104,0.0005495184,0.0002622616,0.000577884,0.0007781753],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000529767,0.0002095979,0.0006289314,0.0003248617,0.0003289437,0.0002696809,0.0005367867,0.0003384597,0.00007675807],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006973409,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007282131,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0311329,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02752349,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999288,0.00001346721,0.000008261417,0.0000114368,0.00001468775,0.00002333632],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998233,0.00006000778,0.0000346142,0.00001598254,0.00002905891,0.00003706553],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007077051,0.0003853991,0.1404693,0.00008926178,0.0001680081,0.002538994,0.0001869034,0.7757152,0.06714556,0.001204125,0.000528523,0.01086094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001079373,0.0005026776,0.1330674,0.00001174471,0.000105808,0.0001411871,0.0004182108,0.859812,0.005022755,0.0002588024,0.0005109784,0.00004040986],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992834,0.000008686912,0.0001264771,0.00002489105,0.000004024715,0.000002783665,0.00003754294,0.00001506725,0.0004970934],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995632,0.00002135173,0.0001446209,0.000008261287,0.000001457728,0.000003539452,0.00005842032,0.000002953901,0.0001962273],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0311329,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06190336,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2134002412","doi":"10.1029/2003wr002331","title":"How does rainfall become runoff? A combined tracer and runoff transfer function approach","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":254,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Hydrograph; Surface runoff; TRACER; Runoff model; Environmental science; Hydrology (agriculture); Streamflow; Geology; Drainage basin; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Markus Weiler","is_ca":true},{"name":"B. L. McGlynn","is_ca":false},{"name":"K. J. McGuire","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey J. McDonnell","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02595655209228955,"gpt":0.2448207418409998,"spread":0.2188641897487102,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001043629,0.0004838048,0.0004645415,0.001182981,0.0001991622,0.001357429,0.00085068,0.001042755,0.001535456],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004052502,0.000316385,0.0005873061,0.001421217,0.0007659281,0.002919873,0.0006559113,0.0007831652,0.0001331196],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001353133,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008317454,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01013883,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004709713,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997488,0.0001021821,0.00001198976,0.00006527973,0.00005034478,0.00002143053],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992573,0.0004992784,0.00007534189,0.00006897271,0.00007202377,0.00002713941],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001214735,0.00008322797,0.01703775,0.0000867226,0.0001346221,0.0002120684,0.0002347657,0.7980481,0.004846596,0.1044239,0.0006726804,0.07409804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001502825,0.00003340767,0.00310382,0.00001081016,0.00002801414,0.00005314448,0.00004885963,0.9614619,0.0009976985,0.03245428,0.001770567,0.00002243052],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2399672,0.0009537064,0.7466703,0.001917531,0.00005302663,0.0001224108,0.0006414592,0.0008770794,0.008797304],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9574941,0.0006311059,0.03970143,0.0001030833,0.00004402076,0.00006237422,0.0001215762,0.00007707134,0.001765165],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01013883,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02015966,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1955552469","doi":"10.1029/2003wr002667","title":"Wavelet analysis of variability in annual Canadian streamflows","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":252,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Northern Hemisphere; Climatology; Streamflow; Environmental science; North Atlantic oscillation; Wavelet; Precipitation; Drainage basin; Geology; Geography; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"Paulin Coulibaly","is_ca":true},{"name":"Donald H. Burn","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03289533752204182,"gpt":0.3021998789487514,"spread":0.2693045414267096,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003492089,0.0001512965,0.0001235612,0.001534684,0.0004751044,0.0005006228,0.0001914428,0.00009299727,0.000560415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001391112,0.00006303492,0.0001783381,0.00259968,0.0001510362,0.0001484374,0.0001427458,0.0001771839,0.00007971572],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002648544,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002781971,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7704976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7507102,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997985,0.000009486392,0.000006497524,0.00002958726,0.0001044766,0.00005138669],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995573,0.00005664445,0.00003645656,0.00001723104,0.0003046851,0.0000276068],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005508082,0.0000777183,0.4109427,0.0001404812,0.0002474402,0.0004916841,0.001183642,0.07833184,0.04662246,0.009380711,0.01102479,0.4410058],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003968379,0.00001386729,0.9254506,0.00001008354,0.00002505812,0.00005351378,0.0002402105,0.06824676,0.001672227,0.0005213613,0.003737101,0.00002533723],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.988608,0.0001862624,0.005525819,0.000067774,0.00001205592,0.00001268707,0.002325033,0.00006996474,0.003192373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945903,0.0002006481,0.002531151,0.000007792623,0.000005082512,0.000008288768,0.001683175,0.00001285294,0.0009607257],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2295024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4617079,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2131088932","doi":"10.1029/2004wr003190","title":"A general power equation for predicting bed load transport rates in gravel bed rivers","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":249,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Boise Cascade (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Bed load; Power function; Sediment transport; Stream power; Sediment; Watershed; Hydrology (agriculture); Environmental science; Channel (broadcasting); Exponent; Geotechnical engineering; Calibration; Soil science; Geology; Mathematics; Statistics; Computer science; Geomorphology; Mathematical analysis","authors":[{"name":"Jeffrey J. Barry","is_ca":true},{"name":"John M. Buffington","is_ca":false},{"name":"John G. King","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03765399735500252,"gpt":0.2995023337600238,"spread":0.2618483364050213,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00117027,0.0006044242,0.0004547708,0.001041696,0.0002603008,0.0006692184,0.0009516748,0.0006401528,0.001666016],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005941812,0.0004206414,0.0006832956,0.001145896,0.0004288324,0.001448393,0.0004446755,0.0005578793,0.0006046944],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008772994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008114224,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01756247,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01299298,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997306,0.00005810182,0.00002743907,0.00007789652,0.00008193146,0.00002411541],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989913,0.0005562986,0.0001433289,0.00007358648,0.000218315,0.00001710621],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003538397,0.00003623037,0.02938114,0.00009597386,0.00005389815,0.0001859987,0.000125017,0.8822358,0.005091153,0.006705058,0.001168034,0.07488634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006709126,0.00001373367,0.003576052,0.000006317589,0.000009989792,0.00004176498,0.00001140855,0.9934772,0.0005696919,0.00181029,0.0004678134,0.00000913648],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1679463,0.0002589332,0.8269701,0.0002729468,0.00004858799,0.0002020368,0.0007567495,0.00105379,0.002490641],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.812126,0.0008423048,0.180204,0.00009705508,0.00005179253,0.0002628707,0.0009705642,0.0002132555,0.005232112],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01756247,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03492051,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1888819694","doi":"10.1029/2003wr002473","title":"Landscape controls on nitrate removal in stream riparian zones","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":248,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Riparian zone; Nitrate; Loam; Hydrology (agriculture); Water table; Groundwater; Environmental science; Riparian forest; Outwash plain; Soil water; Cobble; Hydrogeology; Geology; Glacial period; Soil science; Ecology; Geomorphology; Geotechnical engineering","authors":[{"name":"P. Vidon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alan R. Hill","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0256227212249627,"gpt":0.2822975973798419,"spread":0.2566748761548793,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001962498,0.0001078526,0.0001703717,0.0002953911,0.0003683963,0.0005430637,0.0002383428,0.0001122085,0.0004919895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007080731,0.0001117912,0.0001171684,0.0003679956,0.0003656094,0.0001590355,0.0002859276,0.00008755509,0.00005539937],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001923771,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008164836,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3105017,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6775523,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998429,0.00002970987,0.000005657892,0.00004115738,0.00002900668,0.00005167149],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996221,0.00005725966,0.0001323861,0.00001636429,0.00007807301,0.00009385878],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001659108,0.00004222162,0.9691449,0.00002682465,0.00009506971,0.0002229168,0.000639495,0.00219157,0.01881344,0.0001048221,0.0001629633,0.008389909],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002507695,0.00001685774,0.9988983,0.000001217167,0.00000726074,0.00001910296,0.0001424411,0.0005860646,0.000174531,0.00001943362,0.0001298866,0.000002355653],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9996802,0.00003773611,0.00004247023,0.000004766896,2.31481e-7,0.000001561681,0.00002778895,0.000002352874,0.0002028057],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997666,0.0000246996,0.00005270927,0.000004422579,3.062883e-7,0.000001248283,0.00005449863,0.000001607245,0.00009384255],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3105017,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6173888,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2166214934","doi":"10.1029/2008wr006975","title":"Detection of runoff timing changes in pluvial, nival, and glacial rivers of western Canada","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":246,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of British Columbia; University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey; University of Northern British Columbia","keywords":"Streamflow; Pluvial; Surface runoff; Glacial period; Precipitation; Climate change; Environmental science; Hydrology (agriculture); Physical geography; Drainage basin; Geology; Climatology; Geography; Geomorphology; Ecology; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"Stephen J. Déry","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kerstin Stahl","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. D. Moore","is_ca":true},{"name":"Paul H. Whitfield","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brian Menounos","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jason E. Burford","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02790524438326974,"gpt":0.2708342365772358,"spread":0.242928992193966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002474291,0.0001865259,0.0001868629,0.001900842,0.00100602,0.0007928368,0.0003171152,0.0001327681,0.000575007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001082298,0.000119989,0.0001550202,0.002620515,0.0002802943,0.0001502643,0.0004663003,0.0001659052,0.00006921562],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005387209,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008208195,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9573829,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9862941,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998028,0.00001241055,0.00001215508,0.00005367519,0.000057079,0.00006189884],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994084,0.00005647243,0.00009030563,0.0000247418,0.000330232,0.00008990904],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009280223,0.00001926252,0.9448545,0.0000369896,0.00005069363,0.00008357815,0.0006871929,0.001913755,0.005397694,0.0002439093,0.00108163,0.04553797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003252796,0.00000625266,0.9940671,0.000009059159,0.00001481963,0.0000264358,0.0003775237,0.003066714,0.0009155145,0.00004116559,0.001462558,0.000009663403],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951242,0.0001726089,0.0008707985,0.00003644672,0.000002581285,0.00001594403,0.00188058,0.00008834666,0.001808585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953541,0.0001121044,0.001893511,0.00001247796,0.000001784829,0.00001223292,0.001833186,0.00001526559,0.000765291],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04261714,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08573622,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}