{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":118,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":118,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"820cfbb2c69e","filters":{"venue":"Waterbirds"}},"results":[{"id":"W2052455376","doi":"10.1675/063.035.0213","title":"Reporting Stable-Isotope Ratios in Ecology: Recommended Terminology, Guidelines and Best Practices","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":162,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Terminology; Chemical nomenclature; Ambiguity; Presentation (obstetrics); Commission; Ecology; Set (abstract data type); Best practice; Computer science; Management science; Chemistry; Political science; Biology; Engineering; Law; Philosophy; Linguistics","authors":[{"name":"Alexander L. Bond","is_ca":true},{"name":"Keith A. Hobson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1041257106068403,"gpt":0.3597869843510666,"spread":0.2556612737442263,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002263649,0.0001543932,0.0003096819,0.00008158092,0.0001206818,0.00002251534,0.0001854445,0.0001498415,0.001446136],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002047651,0.0001296104,0.00003172081,0.0001629303,0.0001384691,0.0007012003,0.0004182718,0.0001942817,0.0004293286],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001394887,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001314254,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00176207,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006769035,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997746,0.0001996468,0.001033993,0.0003409493,0.0001197457,0.0005596558],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998242,0.0001253866,0.001230249,0.0002992261,0.00001714539,0.00008602721],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009207208,0.0001279433,0.9876236,0.000005398736,0.00001356833,0.00002579349,0.0004028302,0.0000514038,0.004507316,0.00002182114,0.001710682,0.005500406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005711387,0.0001888492,0.8766253,0.00001409707,0.00007222014,0.0002846551,0.0008100306,0.001035646,0.006901323,0.0004941679,0.1126032,0.0003993615],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9853972,0.00006118338,0.00001817474,0.003427436,0.0002756193,0.0002166955,9.726855e-7,0.00003462064,0.01056805],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9896156,0.00007712041,0.006357634,0.0009899144,0.0001044316,0.00006696254,0.000006436267,0.00001662797,0.002765309],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1109983,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994667,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2140047826","doi":"10.1675/063.035.0119","title":"Evaluation of an off-the-shelf Unmanned Aircraft System for Surveying Flocks of Geese","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":141,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"McGill University","keywords":"Flock; Snow; Branta; Waterfowl; Environmental science; Aerial survey; Ground level; Fishery; Geography; Biology; Ecology; Remote sensing; Meteorology; Habitat; Engineering; Goose","authors":[{"name":"Dominique Chabot","is_ca":true},{"name":"David M. Bird","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03851989374105359,"gpt":0.2925099673563889,"spread":0.2539900736153353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003646054,0.00007783962,0.000133605,0.00001909791,0.00008991333,0.000003255231,0.0001770577,0.00007752822,0.000274541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004383055,0.00005387545,0.00004849785,0.0000694156,0.0001235786,0.0002185916,0.00006019817,0.00004351089,0.00005239254],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001151497,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000118243,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009667589,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000215542,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988279,0.0002720208,0.0002278249,0.0001225608,0.0003242991,0.0002253607],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995179,0.00004480352,0.0001075293,0.000240196,0.0000397394,0.00004987453],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004825223,0.0002490654,0.9168245,0.00004415933,0.00002020635,2.720467e-7,0.001585223,0.0006953347,0.0560204,0.00001337581,0.0001052072,0.02439402],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000465454,0.0001444459,0.9057509,0.00001121275,0.0001535757,0.000004591318,0.0003149444,0.001714036,0.0911902,0.00003930877,0.0001301447,0.00008121575],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986791,0.00003680561,0.0001836795,0.00003107112,0.0002640697,0.0004402673,0.00001442719,0.00001807174,0.0003324983],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993867,5.032788e-7,0.0003328843,0.00001081731,0.00003976335,0.00006528244,0.00001220535,0.00001080815,0.0001410896],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0351698,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3006031,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2049454554","doi":"10.1675/063.035.0105","title":"Effects of Water Depth, Cover and Food Resources on Habitat use of Marsh Birds and Waterfowl in Boreal Wetlands of Manitoba, Canada","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":105,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Ducks Unlimited Canada; University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Waterfowl; Wetland; Aythya; Habitat; Ecology; Anas; Marsh; Abundance (ecology); Anatidae; Invertebrate; Environmental science; Relative species abundance; Fishery; Boreal; Geography; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Mark S. Baschuk","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicola Koper","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dale A. Wrubleski","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gordon Goldsborough","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008396681295870111,"gpt":0.1834353887016622,"spread":0.1750387074057921,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001863457,0.0001470851,0.0003098276,0.00006367432,0.00002642189,0.000006812106,0.0000924977,0.00008458209,0.00003629821],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001492701,0.00009237898,0.00002335745,0.00005486978,0.0001798973,0.0001365644,0.0001741546,0.00007622844,0.000002867141],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005305061,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006955586,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2029666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5109887,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989188,0.00007675137,0.0002710747,0.0001812008,0.0001981857,0.0003540438],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995662,0.0001159463,0.00006758495,0.0001435566,0.000006586651,0.0001001265],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001048775,0.00009051832,0.9778012,0.0001226255,0.000018142,0.000006207439,0.0006862924,0.00002141588,0.02031372,0.000005252939,0.0003399075,0.0004898512],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007655036,0.0004756402,0.8595116,0.00003391657,0.00001776108,0.000007932811,0.00002822905,0.00003475031,0.1378204,0.00002965789,0.001169897,0.0001046739],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991289,0.00004052044,0.000001811026,0.00004873499,0.00007838235,0.000154198,0.00002026987,0.00000498173,0.0005221445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997114,0.00003966872,0.00005233269,0.0000585888,0.00001956598,0.000008131817,0.00001011494,0.00001436574,0.00008581148],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.308022,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8023409,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2181249370","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2002)025[0312:fbarpb]2.0.co;2","title":"Foraging Behavior and Resource Partitioning by Diving Birds During Winter in Areas of Strong Tidal Currents","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Foraging; Benthic zone; Plankton; Predation; Pelagic zone; Fishery; Abundance (ecology); Oceanography; Ecology; Invertebrate; Range (aeronautics); Biology; Environmental science; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Kathryn J. Holm","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alan E. Burger","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01194369813007015,"gpt":0.2231331507510304,"spread":0.2111894526209603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001115203,0.0001090762,0.0001293351,0.00004185157,0.0001026962,0.000016287,0.0001070037,0.00006058312,0.001466517],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000776204,0.0001033791,0.00002641708,0.00008093427,0.0001516672,0.00022957,0.0001808689,0.0001425225,0.00005661714],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007589017,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":8.579385e-7,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005092563,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001025686,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990819,0.00003752283,0.0002134946,0.0002355251,0.0001285104,0.0003030996],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997486,0.00001164023,0.00005678801,0.0001165641,0.000002365086,0.00006404047],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000487977,0.0001125923,0.9895799,0.000007912418,0.000001803723,0.00001363974,0.0006498164,0.00002936023,0.007022832,6.213452e-7,0.0001485714,0.002428123],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004030798,0.00003764624,0.9885806,0.00004568771,0.00001507843,0.0000133389,0.0001266381,0.0001493922,0.01032376,0.000006468934,0.0001753655,0.0001229011],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990312,0.0000385843,0.00001903871,0.00005354097,0.00004726602,0.0001089209,0.000005935673,0.00002660128,0.0006689044],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992451,0.000004167859,0.0000536252,0.0000175164,0.00001214146,0.0000262696,0.000003936432,0.00001422951,0.0006230218],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003300929,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994463,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2179600458","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2004)027[0314:satitf]2.0.co;2","title":"Sexing Arctic Terns in the Field and Laboratory","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Sexing; Morphometrics; Discriminant function analysis; Arctic; Plumage; Biology; Feather; Linear discriminant analysis; Sexual dimorphism; Zoology; Ecology; Geography; Statistics; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Catherine Devlin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Antony W. Diamond","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gary W. Saunders","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01234714992936336,"gpt":0.2273165731898489,"spread":0.2149694232604855,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001170162,0.00003788543,0.00003533452,0.000003322823,0.00006177568,0.00002551795,0.0000562251,0.00002885329,0.00002595896],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001100734,0.000009800303,0.00001080847,0.00008138028,0.00001695191,0.00004991758,0.00001465956,0.0000647095,0.000008182575],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007054404,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000132389,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000882009,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004698998,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996858,0.00001717654,0.00005074724,0.0001084475,0.0000541442,0.00008370712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999272,0.00001892838,0.000009101403,0.00002321133,0.000008462199,0.00001306144],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001627241,0.00007701771,0.4513448,0.000007980053,0.000001795679,0.00001907945,0.001116714,0.000003127692,0.5246713,0.0002404946,0.00007475111,0.02242673],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005665467,0.0001275481,0.9836298,0.00000969043,0.000002696506,0.000009792155,0.0004528085,3.072786e-7,0.01228764,0.0005019242,0.002870079,0.00005112379],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954703,0.00006407776,5.456912e-7,0.004210131,0.00004626229,0.00005081367,0.000001003015,0.00001592448,0.0001409667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993633,0.00001262061,0.00001049679,0.0004449299,0.0001256566,0.000004513052,0.00000162983,2.331604e-7,0.00003660365],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5322849,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.133334,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2172476734","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2008)31[97:dolsds]2.0.co;2","title":"Diets of Lesser Scaup during Spring Migration throughout the Upper-Midwest are Consistent with the Spring Condition Hypothesis","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Iowa Department of Natural Resources; Minnesota Department of Natural Resources","keywords":"Hyalella azteca; Spring (device); Aythya; Forage; Population; Ecology; Fishery; Biology; Habitat; Amphipoda; Waterfowl; Crustacean","authors":[{"name":"Michael J. Anteau","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alan D. Afton","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01625074460160018,"gpt":0.2076670355624338,"spread":0.1914162909608337,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001674769,0.000114122,0.0001147321,0.00001575129,0.00053523,0.00001578908,0.0001681954,0.00005170765,0.0001216011],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000185871,0.0000618917,0.00004626538,0.0001064062,0.0004055887,0.00021661,0.00007509338,0.0001052229,0.0001022784],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006659673,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008819537,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001024242,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003533733,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991785,0.00007458671,0.0001693637,0.0001899507,0.0002045695,0.0001830598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994788,0.00007757964,0.0001458255,0.0002599842,0.00001398293,0.00002379704],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003077675,0.00003036017,0.9883032,0.000009451891,0.0000191048,0.000006415333,0.0008937952,0.0009909032,0.009527381,0.00004308032,0.00007997751,0.00006553573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002027924,0.00003021014,0.9653228,0.00002557505,0.00002380645,0.00002293047,0.0003600703,0.0001422384,0.03338418,0.00003729928,0.0003575608,0.00009053445],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947736,0.00002247973,0.00005108379,0.004421957,0.00006168655,0.0002018486,0.000002092949,0.00003369942,0.0004316064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991369,0.00003016145,0.0001249922,0.0003446928,0.0000368367,0.00003811234,0.000001361615,0.00001306768,0.0002738597],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0238568,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4116611,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046302199","doi":"10.1675/063.035.0112","title":"Dramatic Declines of Semipalmated Sandpipers on their Major Wintering Areas in the Guianas, Northern South America","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Calidris; Geography; Sandpiper; Predation; Aerial survey; Habitat; Range (aeronautics); Population; Fishery; Ecology; Biology; Demography; Cartography","authors":[{"name":"R. I. Guy Morrison","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Mizrahi","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. Kenyon Ross","is_ca":false},{"name":"Otte H. Ottema","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nyls de Pracontal","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andy Narine","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01456031873994637,"gpt":0.2321744512424089,"spread":0.2176141325024625,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000222013,0.0001206257,0.0001456841,0.00002809276,0.0000602659,0.000007497405,0.0002685687,0.0000557532,0.0007352723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001954998,0.00006761452,0.00004823241,0.0001312559,0.000182014,0.00008287615,0.00006995029,0.0001051006,0.0004690023],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004805474,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002774149,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001436036,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003543168,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991721,0.00008749456,0.0001989572,0.0001270043,0.0001204717,0.000294002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996045,0.00004217053,0.0000729357,0.0002329767,0.000003080591,0.0000443479],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001825702,0.0001320703,0.983102,0.000005867817,0.000005391935,0.000003390869,0.01104476,0.0000688143,0.003604655,9.00942e-7,0.00005980251,0.001954085],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000188398,0.00007199211,0.9927812,0.00002288536,0.00001443399,0.000006998381,0.002342914,0.00004315114,0.004012912,0.00002013883,0.0003966643,0.00009829729],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980636,0.00001191941,0.00001993649,0.0002145157,0.00008999623,0.000151569,0.000004924122,0.00002211175,0.001421389],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993925,0.000001870894,0.00007624541,0.0003024783,0.00002670252,0.00002142364,0.000004941524,0.00001217481,0.0001616829],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009679209,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8050716,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2173719664","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2006)29[115:eobrof]2.0.co;2","title":"Effects of Backpack Radio-Transmitters on Female Barrow’s Goldeneyes","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Backpack; Nest (protein structural motif); Biology; Animal science; Ecology; Zoology; Geography","authors":[{"name":"M. Robert","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bruno Drolet","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐Pierre L. Savard","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00341445333479655,"gpt":0.1904582106643709,"spread":0.1870437573295744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008181263,0.0001247741,0.000154125,0.00002694452,0.00005881221,0.00000629844,0.0001701471,0.00009013202,0.00137081],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003993528,0.00009963933,0.00006899331,0.00008546646,0.0002183849,0.0000828181,0.00003491603,0.00008445469,0.0009731704],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006883164,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003569486,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001557748,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009061387,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991636,0.00004724273,0.0001538782,0.0002245452,0.0001537996,0.00025693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996991,0.00004215633,0.00004037872,0.0001651781,0.000002360077,0.00005078665],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003252278,0.0002496154,0.8080091,0.00003092576,0.000005755959,0.00004559828,0.0001645861,0.000196562,0.1871955,0.00002531293,0.00282462,0.001219913],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002987762,0.0001261453,0.6623294,0.00001059472,0.00001651375,0.000002982504,0.00000566681,0.000003139605,0.33617,0.00008267298,0.0008656717,0.00008847172],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956025,0.0000154511,0.00005164733,0.0001772765,0.0001702322,0.0001715341,0.000003646231,0.0000390701,0.003768639],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962347,0.000003264842,0.0002585136,0.000167551,0.00003792223,0.00001635719,0.000004449974,0.00001507834,0.003262156],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1489745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998047,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2465963225","doi":"10.1675/063.039.sp117","title":"Forty-Year Decline of Organic Contaminants in Eggs of Herring Gulls (<i>Larus argentatus</i>) from the Great Lakes, 1974 to 2013","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Larus; Herring gull; Herring; Dieldrin; Fishery; Ecology; Biology; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Geography; Pesticide","authors":[{"name":"Shane R. de Solla","is_ca":true},{"name":"D. V. Chip Weseloh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kimberley D. Hughes","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Moore","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01052076912336256,"gpt":0.2379464120165286,"spread":0.2274256428931661,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003759835,0.000188027,0.0003129206,0.00003908566,0.00003369933,0.00001006521,0.0005903119,0.00008132894,0.006217818],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000115037,0.0001028199,0.00006006087,0.0002662738,0.0001605139,0.0002150705,0.0004425961,0.0000853658,0.0007764762],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000195699,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002411681,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003754368,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01374941,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982856,0.00007720126,0.0004751869,0.000316393,0.0003919721,0.0004536843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990143,0.0001131279,0.0001414934,0.0005846525,0.000003414523,0.0001430498],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005332292,0.00004597564,0.3250441,0.000002020701,0.00001433374,0.000006637831,0.000995933,0.000002814023,0.6588702,0.000001365573,0.000567412,0.01439585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008427534,0.0000924655,0.6127878,0.00007513397,0.00001272026,0.00000373407,0.0001085782,0.000004231408,0.3841001,0.0001373385,0.001710781,0.0001243141],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977074,0.00006305425,0.0001566445,0.00102606,0.0001862353,0.0002773918,0.0003034992,0.00002294964,0.0002568141],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985553,0.00008675928,0.0003417558,0.0002392408,0.00004589477,0.000003969738,0.00000121817,0.00003621288,0.0006896539],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2877437,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998029,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2209863083","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2006)29[148:efwmab]2.0.co;2","title":"Evidence for Wing Molt and Breeding Site Fidelity in King Eiders","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wing; Philopatry; Seasonal breeder; Biological dispersal; Fledge; Geography; Fishery; Predation; Biology; Ecology; Demography","authors":[{"name":"Laura M. Phillips","is_ca":false},{"name":"Abby N. Powell","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03851730655835044,"gpt":0.2754477166862031,"spread":0.2369304101278527,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003275455,0.00007628415,0.00008833725,0.00002164538,0.0001033442,0.00002012614,0.00007440155,0.00006056211,0.0001444432],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003100329,0.00006919417,0.00002210631,0.0000651322,0.000101415,0.000309939,0.00009174616,0.0000706059,0.00004100332],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009073758,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002819175,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00164135,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003280884,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992874,0.00001866745,0.000148591,0.0002278647,0.00007430645,0.0002432089],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997898,0.0000682668,0.00003036942,0.00007981716,0.000002775725,0.00002902576],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001140431,0.00001343472,0.9573237,0.000006765296,5.16901e-7,0.000006385131,0.0001667347,0.0002190029,0.03981542,0.000005911905,0.00009640191,0.002334353],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001979356,0.00003643773,0.9953762,0.00003681462,0.000007530124,0.000005581114,0.00003278997,0.0004546937,0.002903941,0.0006597054,0.0001923779,0.00009601226],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988565,0.00004328716,0.0003297123,0.0002434442,0.00006663617,0.0001554692,0.000001537759,0.0000252691,0.0002780959],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983196,0.000004226305,0.001175732,0.000132495,0.00003381352,0.00002068453,0.00000179232,0.000007383207,0.0003042245],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03805251,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2821656,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1980886802","doi":"10.1675/063.035.0109","title":"Migratory Connectivity of Semipalmated Sandpipers: Winter Distribution and Migration Routes of Breeding Populations","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; Carleton University; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Calidris; Cline (biology); Arctic; Sandpiper; Bay; Circumpolar star; Geography; Population; Subspecies; Habitat; Ecology; Fishery; Oceanography; Biology; Geology; Archaeology; Demography","authors":[{"name":"Cheri L. Gratto‐Trevor","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. I. Guy Morrison","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Mizrahi","is_ca":false},{"name":"David B. Lank","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter W. Hicklin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Arie L. Spaans","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02054393266359077,"gpt":0.2494726271101053,"spread":0.2289286944465145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001551899,0.00005780177,0.00009357773,0.00001344316,0.00004964597,0.000002769642,0.0000347846,0.00006238606,0.0002216223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000195286,0.00004817016,0.00002326572,0.00006023981,0.0001415203,0.0002576285,0.00004062334,0.00004050323,0.00001231968],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003881182,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001800244,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002027141,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003152724,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995632,0.00003320911,0.0001368676,0.00008079258,0.00006738174,0.0001185125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998021,0.00001593128,0.00006874624,0.00006800885,0.000007659457,0.00003755746],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000837565,0.00006907653,0.9074458,0.000006000104,0.000003033566,1.303319e-7,0.0006466981,0.000006732571,0.0913129,0.00001602,0.0001626208,0.0003225821],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001099982,0.00004766133,0.9244742,0.000009323243,0.00002318632,0.000003833662,0.0001432513,0.00005440146,0.07497252,0.00003723713,0.00007436242,0.00005004682],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993688,0.0000228119,0.0002677812,0.00005690766,0.00008185936,0.00007432613,0.00002541026,0.00001432746,0.00008774937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997619,0.000002246279,0.0001185592,0.0000094704,0.00001420355,0.000004608477,0.00003432054,0.000003687097,0.00005094884],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01702835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2426609,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2462682527","doi":"10.1675/063.039.sp115","title":"Diet Changes in Breeding Herring Gulls (<i>Larus argentatus</i>) in Witless Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, over 40 Years","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Marine and fisheries research","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Department of Environment and Conservation, Government of Newfoundland and Labrador; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Larus; Capelin; Discards; Herring; Herring gull; Uria aalge; Fishery; Bay; Fishing; Biology; Predation; Commercial fishing; Geography; Seabird; Ecology; Fish <Actinopterygii>","authors":[{"name":"Alexander L. Bond","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01049490225109192,"gpt":0.2190409699784205,"spread":0.2085460677273286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002181944,0.0001042669,0.0001412989,0.00004879616,0.00003174814,0.00003703905,0.0001512489,0.00004711295,0.00303966],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001589359,0.0000773416,0.00001044336,0.0001467312,0.0000855145,0.000162952,0.0003489706,0.0001031888,0.00002123743],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037099,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002178978,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8305786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9873505,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988734,0.00003555396,0.0001315123,0.0002629975,0.0002748059,0.0004218044],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996973,0.00003263147,0.00002194249,0.0001387014,0.000002443825,0.0001069717],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004836428,0.00001296809,0.9734097,0.000009798086,0.000002697074,0.00008786483,0.0002977036,0.000002719423,0.003715848,0.000008562884,0.0005572014,0.02184659],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005806467,0.00005662994,0.9420251,0.00002445091,0.000001149656,0.00000407384,0.00007417155,0.00007530228,0.0002580307,0.00007221159,0.05668726,0.0001410067],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9867622,0.00001525239,0.00000354933,0.0007499555,0.00008675828,0.0001084545,0.000009364519,0.000009242301,0.01225527],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957361,0.0001356197,0.00003850245,0.0001821178,0.00004006983,0.00001402591,0.000001804022,0.00001589444,0.003835871],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1567719,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9978717,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113592059","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2006)29[243:aiaeae]2.0.co;2","title":"Avian Influenza: An Ecological and Evolutionary Perspective for Waterbird Scientists","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Influenza Virus Research Studies","field":"Medicine","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Simon Fraser University; Waterbird Society","keywords":"Reassortment; Influenza A virus subtype H5N1; Biology; Highly pathogenic; Host (biology); Ecology; Genome; Evolutionary biology; Bird migration; Evolutionary ecology; Lineage (genetic); Zoology; Virus; Virology; Gene; Genetics; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Infectious disease (medical specialty); Disease","authors":[{"name":"Sabir Bin Muzaffar","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ronald C. Ydenberg","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ian L. Jones","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05964031279424752,"gpt":0.3814211142457224,"spread":0.3217808014514749,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003544013,0.0001983106,0.0003071474,0.0001842986,0.0004113601,0.00006033273,0.0001057055,0.0001185085,0.00007110026],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001599685,0.000140661,0.00008137941,0.0001452033,0.0005188025,0.0002253556,0.0001449534,0.0001700514,0.00006327283],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003197204,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008616736,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005947129,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001372469,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982449,0.00005484041,0.0002527399,0.0005018248,0.0003450415,0.0006006411],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999004,0.00006187007,0.00003810913,0.0002457691,0.0004686495,0.0001815795],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005229268,0.005230299,0.7478976,0.001006067,0.0006187608,0.0006028581,0.006407199,0.0001592018,0.127251,0.06466561,0.03631094,0.004621171],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00333158,0.001667183,0.9403621,0.00004395898,0.00006924499,0.00009855635,0.0005960277,0.0004043022,0.004298989,0.01376683,0.03507216,0.0002890952],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921467,0.0007882116,0.00005999906,0.001217472,0.0001231315,0.0008916678,0.00005074397,0.0001823194,0.004539734],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935111,0.00001790712,0.003309119,0.0006451946,0.0004074132,0.0001760145,0.00002768513,0.00003169621,0.001873897],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1924645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.573599,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2108613547","doi":"10.1675/063.037.sp108","title":"Size and Retention of Breeding Territories of Yellow-Billed Loons (<i>Gavia adamsii</i>) in Alaska and Canada","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey","keywords":"Geography; Arctic; National park; Range (aeronautics); Population; Breeding pair; Boreal; Ecology; Fishery; Archaeology; Biology; Demography","authors":[{"name":"Joel A. Schmutz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kenneth G. Wright","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher R. DeSorbo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeff Fair","is_ca":false},{"name":"David C. Evers","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brian D. Uher‐Koch","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel M. Mulcahy","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003529162310220089,"gpt":0.1632999325842055,"spread":0.1597707702739854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001836986,0.0000669263,0.0001297688,0.00001575112,0.00002550709,0.000007346291,0.00005831424,0.00002317941,0.00003474686],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001930237,0.00005278253,0.00001164188,0.0000464349,0.00009719696,0.0000678108,0.00009878397,0.00003279316,5.962507e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002804734,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004027637,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3772118,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3964874,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994128,0.00002355018,0.0001630953,0.0001351211,0.0001506842,0.0001147268],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997962,0.0000296533,0.00004836025,0.00008539097,0.000003062945,0.00003734607],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001337175,0.00001633697,0.9819859,0.00005503927,0.000005762907,0.000001762099,0.0003222828,0.00003692127,0.01445807,0.00002361894,0.0007877297,0.002293176],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005551936,0.00009352808,0.9872442,0.00005863514,0.00001283581,0.000001485878,0.000206189,0.0003283627,0.004394399,0.000271242,0.006733397,0.0001004973],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972774,0.00001441923,0.00001460237,0.0002723196,0.00008960712,0.00007309235,0.000004230136,0.000004614732,0.002249673],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992707,0.00002517169,0.0001587719,0.00004240356,0.00001942177,0.000002792285,0.000001446364,0.000005014615,0.0004742601],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01927556,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6269354,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158201368","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2003)026[0129:sothpi]2.0.co;2","title":"Status of the Humboldt Penguin in Peru, 1999-2000","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Guano; Geography; Disturbance (geology); Predation; Ecology; Fishery; Biology; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Rosana Paredes","is_ca":true},{"name":"Carlos B. Zavalaga","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gabriella Battistini","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patrícia Majluf","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patricia McGill","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01011247475952943,"gpt":0.2268433714983433,"spread":0.2167308967388139,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001471611,0.0000690299,0.00008735049,0.00001340796,0.0000509444,0.000003620714,0.0001561911,0.00005996594,0.006501225],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002292953,0.0000445979,0.00003426358,0.0001243075,0.0001847222,0.00005747192,0.00006534594,0.0001082486,0.0004017523],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000115847,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001989038,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003537559,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001219906,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992319,0.00008593154,0.0001388957,0.0001378196,0.0001116372,0.0002937925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997088,0.00001140344,0.00003253234,0.0002036064,0.000001875067,0.00004183204],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003403485,0.00007773821,0.9926777,0.000001701216,9.412348e-7,0.000004014939,0.0007883633,0.00004418907,0.005193968,0.00002747053,0.0003794771,0.0008010576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002064049,0.00002803436,0.9623621,0.000003667376,0.000004844262,0.000003756601,0.00008907571,0.000002729917,0.01955808,0.0001931582,0.01748551,0.00006263565],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.980809,0.00003152223,0.0000016812,0.00006961587,0.000137755,0.0001113192,0.000002871876,0.000008396801,0.01882785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99615,0.000007216297,0.0001226159,0.0001230998,0.000005045725,0.000009116839,6.461162e-7,0.000006767316,0.003575526],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03031557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9944069,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976377522","doi":"10.1675/063.033.0107","title":"Foraging Behavior of Non-Breeding Semipalmated Plovers","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry","funders":"","keywords":"Foraging; Charadrius; Plover; Predation; Salt marsh; Ecology; Habitat; Biomass (ecology); Biology; Environmental science","authors":[{"name":"Melissa Rose","is_ca":true},{"name":"Erica Nol","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008338202074508791,"gpt":0.2365369566999531,"spread":0.2281987546254443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001497213,0.00009830858,0.0001196944,0.00002807546,0.00008056173,0.000007848568,0.0002021286,0.0001127234,0.003985103],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009115584,0.00008399645,0.00004544981,0.00009900767,0.0002055545,0.0001627727,0.0001352234,0.0001955556,0.0005082893],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002894198,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000053982,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001135963,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001715493,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999259,0.000008432334,0.0001640186,0.000182855,0.0001344796,0.0002512127],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996682,0.00001162102,0.00006083905,0.0001830947,0.000005925753,0.0000703406],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003475516,0.00004258722,0.5745607,0.000001986067,0.000001441896,0.000008089633,0.0001819805,0.000005155572,0.4237555,0.000001950762,0.0001796387,0.001257535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002187003,0.00005584499,0.8098497,0.000004586536,0.00002857178,0.00001482013,0.00005882809,0.00007913801,0.1890602,0.00002204291,0.0004994933,0.0001081181],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953083,6.377797e-7,0.00003480886,0.0000465476,0.0003864238,0.0001303998,0.000004411899,0.00004658238,0.004041845],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979466,5.446249e-7,0.0009820617,0.00004823178,0.00002633544,0.00001901779,0.000004187687,0.0000147541,0.0009582277],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.235289,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9969254,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984023279","doi":"10.1675/063.032.0107","title":"Population Trends of Atlantic Coast Piping Plovers, 1986–2006","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Population; Threatened species; Endangered species; Productivity; Charadrius; Fishery; Geography; Census; Breeding pair; Ecology; Biology; Habitat; Demography","authors":[{"name":"Anne Hecht","is_ca":false},{"name":"Scott M. Melvin","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008718345351140135,"gpt":0.2289416555514578,"spread":0.2202233102003177,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000763941,0.00007614629,0.0001111127,0.00003380944,0.00005744022,0.000004975584,0.00009688695,0.00006561757,0.001372593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003610427,0.00006379406,0.00003881984,0.0001172021,0.0000498449,0.000125361,0.00003257686,0.00005885306,0.0002002592],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005167585,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001470676,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005679153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005374088,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993936,0.00002154269,0.000150448,0.0001426269,0.000117118,0.0001746658],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997781,0.000005531263,0.00005395942,0.0001231517,0.000002187262,0.0000371062],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001118129,0.00006753793,0.9803491,0.000001512386,0.000001585554,0.000005225577,0.0001365636,0.0001002753,0.008931275,0.00001400154,0.0007690434,0.009612694],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001868559,0.000104648,0.9962527,0.000006480584,0.00001559525,0.000006162558,0.0000123763,0.00004462336,0.002720001,0.0001516843,0.0004181439,0.00008077382],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975681,0.000003762827,0.00003965451,0.0001961601,0.00008279413,0.00003649744,0.000002958332,0.00003360943,0.002036467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998262,0.000001671774,0.0002218418,0.0001160509,0.00002406295,0.000001166563,0.00002512923,0.000005220458,0.001342802],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01590355,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995403,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2167314886","doi":"10.1675/063.035.0113","title":"Energetic Condition of Semipalmated and Least Sandpipers during Northbound Migration Staging Periods in Delaware Bay","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Park Service; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; Clemson University","keywords":"Sandpiper; Bay; Calidris; Fishery; Animal science; Biology; Ecology; Habitat; Oceanography; Geology","authors":[{"name":"David Mizrahi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kimberly A. Peters","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patricia A. Hodgetts","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00446439087152803,"gpt":0.2013233685860503,"spread":0.1968589777145223,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001243018,0.00007266273,0.00009299751,0.0000389193,0.000106685,0.000006999229,0.00003645573,0.00003292721,0.0003677501],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007286257,0.00006555033,0.00001163997,0.00007374461,0.0001238331,0.0002615504,0.00008943088,0.00004151016,0.00001950939],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005519666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001170484,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003288632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004995282,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994655,0.00002942866,0.0001271857,0.0001122451,0.00007424294,0.0001913724],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999863,0.000007958883,0.00003776902,0.00006010553,0.000002933075,0.00002823964],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009896363,0.00003053678,0.9901702,0.00003234941,0.000007877353,0.000001476619,0.002312943,0.0002645713,0.006943154,0.00001733419,0.0001454111,0.00006421727],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002476997,0.00001841541,0.9943182,0.00001308002,0.00001041974,0.000001720305,0.0006618521,0.0001771338,0.004179805,0.00002258351,0.0002727582,0.00007633584],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981076,0.00002858328,0.00002109751,0.0001379639,0.00006496195,0.00008591358,0.000002373978,0.00001850682,0.001533072],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995077,0.00005118098,0.00006135744,0.00004952744,0.00001047823,0.00001532994,0.00001137535,0.000005585383,0.0002874898],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004666418,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4026605,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2179405222","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2004)027[0041:tioesi]2.0.co;2","title":"The Incidence of Embedded Shot in Waterfowl in Atlantic Canada and Hudson Strait","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Eider; Branta; Waterfowl; Anas; Fishery; Geography; Anatidae; Nova scotia; Shot (pellet); Arctic; Goose; Zoology; Ecology; Biology; Archaeology; Habitat","authors":[{"name":"Peter W. Hicklin","is_ca":false},{"name":"William R. Barrow","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007219782251180517,"gpt":0.2131941394292035,"spread":0.2059743571780229,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001739547,0.00006658083,0.00009076281,0.00001332492,0.00004418693,0.000005942481,0.0001430625,0.00004298226,0.0001400055],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009917063,0.00004338729,0.000008086948,0.00008019467,0.0001653767,0.00006995559,0.00008329942,0.0001005243,0.00001245601],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001521658,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003537453,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.543901,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9836422,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993474,0.00002750011,0.000166182,0.0001357503,0.0001080899,0.0002150469],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998115,0.00002087914,0.00002720577,0.0001066552,0.000001754511,0.00003202387],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001145354,0.00002330977,0.992893,0.00000330411,7.123786e-7,0.00004573874,0.0005090378,0.0002746431,0.005658756,0.00001208146,0.00001690598,0.0005510994],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002729016,0.00003713515,0.9905066,0.00001447533,0.000002311189,0.000009202855,0.0001254477,0.00001198056,0.008542227,0.0003716934,0.0000457587,0.00006018889],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993394,0.00000979384,0.000001614873,0.0002666053,0.00004805309,0.00009632669,0.000001193506,0.000003561718,0.0002334601],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997445,0.000009365493,0.0000518794,0.00005434928,0.000003712052,0.00000752096,0.000001059745,0.000004029248,0.00012356],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4397412,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4591362,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2175739382","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2004)027[0102:roapta]2.0.co;2","title":"Response of Atlantic Puffins to a Decline in Capelin Abundance at the Gannet Islands, Labrador","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Capelin; Predation; Biology; Fishery; Herring; Mallotus; Fledge; Ecology; Fish <Actinopterygii>","authors":[{"name":"Shauna M. Baillie","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ian L. Jones","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008080595271072423,"gpt":0.2358459183252299,"spread":0.2277653230541575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004766581,0.00009639288,0.0001295134,0.00002928654,0.00006975421,0.000006120929,0.0002672393,0.00006685629,0.001467033],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000480749,0.00006270214,0.00003193158,0.000199194,0.0002057438,0.00005428448,0.0002647945,0.00009531982,0.001760015],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001554807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001491022,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001119253,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0264656,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991022,0.00008437986,0.0002085588,0.0002063402,0.0001415648,0.0002569847],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995916,0.00005231127,0.00004118314,0.0002569422,0.000003813162,0.00005419092],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006290545,0.0001667916,0.9332651,0.000003316054,0.000002416366,0.00006170207,0.002515955,0.001369829,0.06055622,0.000005058721,0.001036,0.0003885592],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006023897,0.0001746899,0.9644558,0.00001479073,0.000006283528,0.00001966879,0.00006019161,0.000005807643,0.03109711,0.0001194082,0.00335117,0.00009269293],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953812,0.00001415734,0.00004427048,0.004143361,0.00007577694,0.0002093074,0.000009617853,0.00001563588,0.0001066725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963938,0.000005226735,0.0002562594,0.001116949,0.00001274575,0.00002057356,0.000003933559,0.00001024323,0.002180265],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03119069,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994457,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2162588029","doi":"10.1675/063.035.0111","title":"Trends in Abundance of Semipalmated Sandpipers: Evidence from the Arctic","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Calidris; Sandpiper; Abundance (ecology); Arctic; Range (aeronautics); Geography; Ecology; Population; Biology; Demography; Habitat","authors":[{"name":"Paul A. Smith","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cheri L. Gratto‐Trevor","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brian T. Collins","is_ca":false},{"name":"Suzanne D. Fellows","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard B. Lanctot","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joe Liebezeit","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brian J. McCaffery","is_ca":false},{"name":"Diane M. Tracy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jennie Rausch","is_ca":false},{"name":"Steve Kendall","is_ca":false},{"name":"Steve Zack","is_ca":false},{"name":"H. River Gates","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02318408508719044,"gpt":0.2485638588452951,"spread":0.2253797737581047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003105192,0.00008337122,0.0001002344,0.00002099218,0.00003556275,0.00001219654,0.0002388429,0.00002640701,0.001844937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001644885,0.00004866489,0.000035878,0.000221228,0.00009137434,0.0002197281,0.0001249523,0.00006595304,0.0002370246],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000554545,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000112784,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00569952,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003528003,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992167,0.00005766269,0.0001553374,0.0001331063,0.0001982829,0.0002389088],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996151,0.00005782174,0.00004282938,0.0002395946,0.000001863206,0.00004281275],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001273305,0.00004619028,0.9834165,0.000004836525,0.000005477886,0.000001141846,0.002630893,0.0001715452,0.003255901,0.000005372594,0.002872518,0.007576915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001636813,0.00001793562,0.9910246,0.00008792572,0.000009817364,6.018213e-7,0.0001381896,0.0001923885,0.002055713,0.00006982024,0.006160904,0.00007846486],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955952,0.0003326666,0.0000270475,0.0008686805,0.0001201746,0.00005895676,0.000002785044,0.00001604321,0.002978416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99877,0.00006294831,0.0001221391,0.0002375983,0.00005852326,0.00001000938,0.000003544828,0.000006905303,0.0007283401],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007608082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990675,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2148028245","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2006)29[127:smonpf]2.0.co;2","title":"Spring Migration of Northern Pintails from Texas and New Mexico, USA","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Anas; Geography; Spring (device); Nest (protein structural motif); Destinations; Fishery; Ecology; Archaeology; Tourism; Biology","authors":[{"name":"David A. Haukos","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael R. Miller","is_ca":false},{"name":"D.L. Orthmeyer","is_ca":false},{"name":"John Y. Takekawa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joseph P. Fleskes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael L. Casazza","is_ca":false},{"name":"William M. Perry","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jena A. Moon","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01023137256633085,"gpt":0.2066294729458902,"spread":0.1963981003795593,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000039934,0.00006214282,0.00007599908,0.00001036199,0.0000336371,0.000007322294,0.00006561242,0.00005248353,0.001240502],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002060224,0.00005138849,0.00001759975,0.00003331882,0.00007782687,0.0001050094,0.00005453367,0.00004128443,0.0004533856],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002865233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003670505,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03471178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1536589,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995509,0.00001310978,0.0001145527,0.0001382481,0.00007452499,0.0001086945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998234,0.00000842167,0.00003754342,0.00009460291,0.00000193662,0.00003408539],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005060913,0.00002606682,0.9549563,7.578786e-7,0.000001604457,0.000002535453,0.00008964896,0.00004761015,0.04240182,0.000003503307,0.0001430788,0.002321995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000137934,0.00002943373,0.9422794,0.000003559656,0.00001128149,0.000001002284,0.000009350167,0.00002260596,0.05588788,0.000447634,0.00111095,0.00005896489],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988253,0.00001989604,0.0001860779,0.0001449487,0.00004209485,0.00005623819,0.000002799378,0.00001403609,0.0007085961],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976057,0.000002413637,0.0007421416,0.00004313164,0.00003411627,0.000001372024,0.000004192886,0.000005924897,0.00156102],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1189471,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996725,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981759061","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2003)026[0108:trobpi]2.0.co;2","title":"The Reliability of Brood Patches in Assessing Reproductive Status in the Marbled Murrelet: Words of Caution","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Brood; Biology; Nest (protein structural motif); Ecology; Zoology; Seabird; Predation","authors":[{"name":"Laura A. McFarlane Tranquilla","is_ca":true},{"name":"Russell W. Bradley","is_ca":false},{"name":"David B. Lank","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tony D. Williams","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lynn W. Lougheed","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fred Cooke","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01145652220295148,"gpt":0.2523648819745848,"spread":0.2409083597716334,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001623577,0.00007029862,0.0001157012,0.00001735659,0.00006449717,0.000006879005,0.0001459529,0.00006147664,0.000104644],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002027088,0.00003897729,0.00002775006,0.0002382794,0.0003781089,0.0001310397,0.00004028816,0.0001624778,0.000008501534],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001215198,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001911205,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006347951,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001445211,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987383,0.0004182106,0.0002698676,0.0002103146,0.0001458361,0.0002174018],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994358,0.0001085839,0.00009511782,0.0003395454,0.000007344343,0.00001361862],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002005368,0.0001803881,0.9900269,0.000005340407,9.769208e-7,0.000002230488,0.002604184,0.0001964567,0.004948006,0.00002381002,0.00002387678,0.001967769],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001961738,0.00005007205,0.9766515,0.000007879968,0.000005980077,0.000001735777,0.001320591,0.00001165552,0.01959532,0.001866912,0.0002448634,0.00004734184],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976062,0.00002851536,0.00001028606,0.0002855421,0.00008511155,0.0002138731,0.000001596666,0.000004303353,0.001764526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996485,0.000008367981,0.0001600594,0.00001647393,0.000004733064,0.00002049767,0.000001003904,0.000004278138,0.000136136],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01464731,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1589448,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991970795","doi":"10.1675/063.034.0203","title":"Nesting Habitat Selection and Hatching Success of Whimbrels Near Churchill, Manitoba, Canada","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Trent University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Churchill Northern Studies Centre","keywords":"Graminoid; Habitat; Ecology; Vegetation (pathology); Shrub; Nest (protein structural motif); Lichen; Geography; Ecological succession; Biology; Plant community","authors":[{"name":"Kate Ballantyne","is_ca":true},{"name":"Erica Nol","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01291889092820019,"gpt":0.1758875893530397,"spread":0.1629686984248395,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001277469,0.00008553878,0.00009170882,0.00001293596,0.0001345942,0.00002166137,0.0001011959,0.00002013097,0.0001459714],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005942897,0.00006878773,0.00001443153,0.00007619066,0.00004889501,0.000141128,0.0001084752,0.00005490666,0.00001181126],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005724573,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001015534,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7930253,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7649226,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993288,0.00002348296,0.00014005,0.0001662155,0.000162668,0.0001787642],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999799,0.000009907648,0.000048614,0.00008246773,0.000004003143,0.00005607841],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007495339,0.00001699988,0.9890295,0.00002265811,0.000007529626,0.000006416763,0.0005346959,0.0002466926,0.00081206,0.00001622429,0.000908756,0.00839096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001681304,0.00004752786,0.993211,0.00002357333,0.00001230288,0.000007754986,0.0001607966,0.001426055,0.002341382,0.0001871301,0.002291437,0.0001228664],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912853,0.00001280797,0.00009622826,0.0001183242,0.0001016557,0.00008617645,0.000001577253,0.00002077582,0.008277118],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988744,0.000005487172,0.0007956166,0.0001242391,0.00002441649,0.000003923551,0.000001433994,0.000009716451,0.000160736],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02810271,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2805082,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024109150","doi":"10.1675/063.033.0307","title":"Foraging Effort and Pre-Laying Strategy in Breeding Common Eiders","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Rimouski","funders":"","keywords":"Foraging; Biology; Laying; Reproduction; Animal science; Incubation; Subspecies; Ecology; Zoology; Period (music)","authors":[{"name":"Yves Rigou","is_ca":true},{"name":"Magella Guillemette","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01063095460311818,"gpt":0.2478023925668165,"spread":0.2371714379636983,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002169762,0.00008427096,0.00009509,0.00002686587,0.0001015344,0.00002499795,0.0001052815,0.00008649635,0.0004950059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004119476,0.00007317101,0.00001437803,0.00005956829,0.000145653,0.0002325564,0.0001215347,0.0002475107,0.00006258172],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002821798,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002975655,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006366594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004162,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999356,0.00001076853,0.0001229315,0.0001853611,0.0000735505,0.0002513735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998015,0.00001357247,0.00002549296,0.0001009294,0.000001214397,0.00005731495],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005630161,0.00001955759,0.9592375,0.000003280928,9.595941e-7,0.00001747433,0.0003094213,0.00005811534,0.03257883,0.00001190829,0.00002276963,0.007734538],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002083665,0.00004534062,0.9955971,0.000005730781,0.000005098398,0.0000242758,0.0001396443,0.0002915913,0.003085476,0.0003287983,0.0001678026,0.0001008018],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961253,0.000003387069,0.000009788285,0.0001096436,0.0001148399,0.0001077792,6.083809e-7,0.00003174773,0.003496878],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993567,0.000001552847,0.0002067494,0.00008680785,0.00001831022,0.00001131256,0.000001658708,0.000009577772,0.0003073366],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03635956,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5419968,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076998478","doi":"10.1675/063.032.0123","title":"Accuracy of Depth Recorders","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Foraging; Arctic; The arctic; Geography; Environmental science; Oceanography; Ecology; Biology; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Kyle H. Elliott","is_ca":true},{"name":"Anthony J. Gaston","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01242392334614262,"gpt":0.2522821440217363,"spread":0.2398582206755936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006668272,0.00005325881,0.00007102382,0.00001096632,0.0000345466,0.000002772238,0.0001255254,0.00004671922,0.003136229],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001315996,0.00004227288,0.00002797515,0.00006164881,0.00007567682,0.00009949519,0.00002929366,0.00005192373,0.0007670042],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000225425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003066884,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003391569,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008857802,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995622,0.00001530167,0.0001021101,0.0001098152,0.00006975846,0.0001407864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997846,0.00001105712,0.00003851368,0.0001295201,0.000002068662,0.00003423209],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001540664,0.0001089129,0.8448766,0.000001223861,0.000001789043,0.00001033355,0.0002139212,0.00002382976,0.023732,0.000009296848,0.00226419,0.1287425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001300711,0.000129833,0.9728171,0.00000224319,0.000006420831,0.000005517502,0.00001955977,0.000006188189,0.02261838,0.0004226917,0.003779744,0.00006223904],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9831111,0.000004991186,0.00005099947,0.0003703131,0.00007147958,0.00006045222,7.014815e-7,0.00002572072,0.01630419],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976972,0.00000658559,0.000727689,0.0003071026,0.00001027916,0.000001850349,0.00000153595,0.000003301277,0.001244418],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1286802,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.997775,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2136251872","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695-31.sp2.133","title":"Capture Methods for Migrating, Wintering and Molting Sea Ducks","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; Parks Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Fishery; Moulting; Anatidae; Geography; Ecology; Biology; Larva","authors":[{"name":"Serge Brodeur","is_ca":true},{"name":"Glen H. Mittelhauser","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jean‐Pierre L. Savard","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter Thomas","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rodger D. Titman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Denis Comeau","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02185647687878593,"gpt":0.3014162215927654,"spread":0.2795597447139794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002113327,0.00008836526,0.0001168646,0.0000252221,0.0002303835,0.000008233,0.00008113535,0.00007537469,0.0003672213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000204348,0.00007165183,0.00004527026,0.00008377002,0.0001341232,0.00008702071,0.0001116333,0.00008071026,0.00002743859],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002824025,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002450926,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006703375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001897849,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993673,0.00003590085,0.0001071051,0.0002096126,0.00004111615,0.0002389396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997743,0.00003688574,0.00003203199,0.0000972384,0.000003058758,0.00005652691],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007156991,0.0000164921,0.9738363,0.00000440528,0.00001216537,0.000008441005,0.002176319,0.00003694899,0.01776464,0.000001582141,0.0001965502,0.005939015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000240474,0.00007541217,0.9725625,0.000004315262,0.00006580192,0.00008173744,0.0001693136,0.000777735,0.01992174,0.0000835797,0.005846754,0.0001706749],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9793535,0.00002472149,0.01952786,0.00009799584,0.0000964675,0.0001360443,0.000003219281,0.00004423647,0.0007158906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9157773,0.000002378227,0.08087245,0.000155467,0.00002369186,0.00002587207,0.000004012594,0.00000998054,0.00312889],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06357631,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4020815,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2324780639","doi":"10.2307/1522253","title":"Autumn and Winter Diet of Long-Tailed Duck in the Belcher Islands, Nunavut, Canada","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Geography; Winter wheat; Biology; Agronomy","authors":[{"name":"Sarah E. Jamieson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gregory J. Robertson","is_ca":false},{"name":"H. Grant Gilchrist","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007149455089874033,"gpt":0.2077732004744784,"spread":0.2006237453846044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001274263,0.00007321902,0.00009044697,0.0000097827,0.00004191479,0.000005704088,0.0001537214,0.00004591341,0.001997107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004820739,0.00004432542,0.00001423676,0.00006979448,0.0001238972,0.00006374843,0.00006995795,0.00009418665,0.00003776624],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000524715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001401261,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05685574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8477551,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994159,0.00004317712,0.0001182962,0.0001326032,0.0001081743,0.0001819033],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999788,0.00001822372,0.00002628182,0.0001365811,0.0000020339,0.00002887509],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002649189,0.00004543488,0.9962999,0.000002099683,0.000002300182,0.0001153998,0.000779642,0.000004727434,0.0002416321,8.821749e-7,0.001954781,0.0005267017],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002200177,0.0000631311,0.9972425,0.000004629649,0.000007723326,0.00003165137,0.0001705981,0.000008149706,0.0003334524,0.00003884446,0.001815631,0.00006373892],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957387,0.0000180246,0.00000327373,0.0007414043,0.00007056077,0.00009721753,0.000003171867,0.000004981612,0.003322666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969838,0.000008741167,0.00001362827,0.0003996071,0.00001458516,0.000009183379,0.000002767551,0.000005311091,0.002562325],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7908993,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989152,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2109665368","doi":"10.1675/063.033.0302","title":"Effects of Lipid Extraction and Lipid Normalization on Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Ratios in Double-Crested Cormorants: Implications for Food Web Studies","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Environment - Saskatchewan","keywords":"Cormorant; δ13C; Normalization (sociology); Stable isotope ratio; δ15N; Petroleum ether; Food web; Chloroform; Isotopes of carbon; Isotope; Chemistry; Ether; Biology; Extraction (chemistry); Zoology; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Ecology; Trophic level; Organic chemistry; Total organic carbon; Predation","authors":[{"name":"Jennifer L. Doucette","is_ca":true},{"name":"Björn Wissel","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher M. Somers","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01359671350084824,"gpt":0.2664670842905859,"spread":0.2528703707897376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002341819,0.0001117402,0.0002011073,0.0000857577,0.00008843942,0.00001625433,0.00007611847,0.00008102893,0.0000191558],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005602603,0.00009667532,0.00002009843,0.0001636407,0.0001214961,0.000186282,0.00007411068,0.00008666277,0.000003193844],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005140932,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008782287,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001457028,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007520781,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992141,0.00004271347,0.000236437,0.0002471456,0.00008026265,0.0001793339],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995403,0.0001298633,0.0001083612,0.0001588744,0.00002601045,0.00003657425],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008762716,0.0001011702,0.4567997,0.00006101985,0.0000349271,3.227606e-7,0.0004772368,0.0001286072,0.5409535,0.0002536807,0.00004953581,0.001052714],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003333041,0.0008850382,0.6071694,0.00002709493,0.0001210985,0.000009622546,0.0002014938,0.002554542,0.382239,0.001068461,0.002111446,0.0002796543],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984602,0.00004162813,0.00007190069,0.0002203184,0.0001294823,0.0007703677,0.000008389648,0.00001845,0.0002793185],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991042,0.0001278093,0.0003297927,0.00005293288,0.00004061537,0.0002560563,0.00001258831,0.0000134099,0.00006262132],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1587144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4196772,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2146739567","doi":"10.1675/063.035.0108","title":"The Morphometrics of Migrant Semipalmated Sandpipers in the Bay of Fundy: Evidence for Declines in the Eastern Breeding Population","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail; Nature Conservancy of Canada; Nature Conservancy","keywords":"Sandpiper; Calidris; Bay; Overwintering; Morphometrics; Range (aeronautics); Fishery; Population; Biology; Ecology; Geography; Zoology; Demography; Predation","authors":[{"name":"Peter W. Hicklin","is_ca":true},{"name":"John W. Chardine","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0794044380767143,"gpt":0.3210650860063896,"spread":0.2416606479296753,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001776784,0.00007107384,0.000101724,0.00004383852,0.00008358735,0.000009245226,0.0003496959,0.00005672209,0.0000246134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001628618,0.00003180061,0.00004151703,0.0003996414,0.00012946,0.0001805416,0.00004727812,0.00008193434,0.000007029098],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000352737,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002876713,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005843547,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001861128,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991035,0.000123547,0.000263813,0.00009010017,0.0001938233,0.0002251418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999187,0.0005194176,0.000103538,0.0001684761,0.000006945583,0.00001460053],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003337993,0.00006469084,0.993268,0.000009524868,0.000001547909,4.828024e-7,0.003393297,0.00007327439,0.001926924,0.000006987238,0.00005226121,0.001169625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001736867,0.00006493866,0.997247,0.00002598419,0.0000156577,0.000003752509,0.00109765,0.000299858,0.0008003448,0.0000486618,0.0001782581,0.00004418698],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988797,0.0001581965,0.00005226636,0.0004330735,0.0001065153,0.0003323011,0.000002497023,0.000003597613,0.00003181221],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997036,0.00001981964,0.00008200503,0.00007535559,0.00002212333,0.00003960515,0.000002728718,0.000004858759,0.00004988425],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003979016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1296791,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2151266606","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2007)30[223:cobamm]2.0.co;2","title":"Chronology of Breeding and Molt Migration in Surf Scoters (Melanitta perspicillata )","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Brood; Chronology; Seasonal breeder; Ecology; Biology; Habitat; Zoology; Moulting; Geography; Larva","authors":[{"name":"Jean‐Pierre L. Savard","is_ca":true},{"name":"Austin Reed","is_ca":true},{"name":"Louis Lesage","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008849995870037937,"gpt":0.2277431632233433,"spread":0.2188931673533054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000261339,0.00005933948,0.00008938578,0.00004218125,0.0000296849,0.000003118013,0.00006942209,0.00008679248,0.0003450527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008659408,0.00005204528,0.00001223125,0.00007272712,0.0001912383,0.00009583288,0.00007184638,0.00006980981,0.00003045673],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006455166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002627945,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007164294,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005877405,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994604,0.00001496876,0.0001400896,0.0001464008,0.00005950503,0.0001786294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999837,0.00001644822,0.00003370301,0.00007991426,0.000002397303,0.00003051161],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001390042,0.00002222317,0.9285764,0.000002953983,0.000001297854,0.000009914884,0.0007599912,0.00001464902,0.06787262,0.000006764322,0.00004312176,0.002676134],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002113259,0.0001098011,0.9840952,0.000005605792,0.000004812623,0.00001254163,0.0002449522,0.00004556515,0.01499277,0.00004237907,0.0001749011,0.00006019058],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988236,0.00002132296,0.00006230869,0.0001830101,0.00006784183,0.00007020385,0.00000111204,0.00001027389,0.0007602582],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994712,0.000008479737,0.0002959221,0.00004840645,0.00001112388,0.000001272515,0.000003095642,0.000003737474,0.0001567075],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05551873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3778086,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2135162588","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695-31.3.454","title":"Gull Predation and Breeding Success of Common Eiders on Stratton Island, Maine","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Cornell Lab of Ornithology; Garden Club of America","keywords":"Eider; Larus; Predation; Tern; Herring gull; Fledge; Nest (protein structural motif); Biology; Ecology; Fishery; Herring; Zoology; Fish <Actinopterygii>","authors":[{"name":"Christina E. Donehower","is_ca":true},{"name":"David M. Bird","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01544392954416773,"gpt":0.2320212047052728,"spread":0.2165772751611051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008386189,0.00006665451,0.00008924149,0.0000186539,0.00009279142,0.000004099626,0.00007345149,0.00005705909,0.0007640974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004367946,0.00005421101,0.00001471719,0.00004493308,0.0001966596,0.0001261526,0.00004866712,0.00006261918,0.00006601228],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002693713,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002677908,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002433386,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001168652,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995053,0.00002165785,0.000114383,0.0001347506,0.00009925542,0.0001246422],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998127,0.00001882976,0.00004234393,0.00008992381,0.00000251311,0.00003369062],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002335679,0.00006100058,0.9883319,0.00000497466,0.000002184066,0.000008830923,0.0003074137,0.00007453946,0.01007148,0.000007706064,0.0002551194,0.0008514777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000257995,0.0002427296,0.9797123,0.000008108793,0.000007850316,0.00002017148,0.00003416549,0.00005029974,0.01940934,0.00007495091,0.0001169649,0.00006512394],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969931,0.000003438868,0.00002216591,0.0001405736,0.00005427154,0.00008507987,0.00000638678,0.00001505946,0.00267989],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999178,0.00001329814,0.00007943422,0.00006035333,0.0000139675,0.00000363625,0.000007775185,0.000005773048,0.0006377811],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009337861,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8366331,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072765021","doi":"10.1675/063.032.0108","title":"Response of a Least Bittern<i>(Ixobrychus exilis)</i>Population to Interannual Water Level Fluctuations","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Government of Canada","keywords":"Habitat; Threatened species; Abundance (ecology); Water level; Wetland; Marsh; Ecology; Population; Geography; Spring (device); Environmental science; Fishery; Biology; Environmental health; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Benoı̂t Jobin","is_ca":true},{"name":"L. Robillard","is_ca":true},{"name":"Claudie Latendresse","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01480658758557376,"gpt":0.244431731464629,"spread":0.2296251438790553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003475152,0.0001188461,0.0001441044,0.00008186868,0.0001280128,0.00001246589,0.0001736354,0.00004555522,0.0009989347],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003985504,0.00008781924,0.00004235122,0.0001136131,0.00006288122,0.0002003774,0.0001757002,0.00005578097,0.0008590074],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007288854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002009891,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002036845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006494002,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999025,0.00007724814,0.0002343982,0.0002385237,0.0001689156,0.0002559355],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996806,0.00002076653,0.00003263389,0.0002052009,0.00001096292,0.00004987993],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003679659,0.0009540548,0.3583922,0.00004034126,0.0001469123,0.00005045836,0.03599193,0.006701304,0.4066429,0.0006061069,0.1691902,0.01760385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000273481,0.0002836781,0.9787266,0.000009351274,0.00001390579,0.000002140777,0.0001064601,0.00005006542,0.01349759,0.0006354543,0.006271682,0.0001296527],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9876657,0.000001266964,0.0009407848,0.007260921,0.0001438631,0.000230302,0.000009562021,0.00004900353,0.003698572],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992012,0.00000147992,0.0006909622,0.002252221,0.00002110033,0.00001930007,0.00001389974,0.000007440807,0.004981579],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6203343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999189,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2124212175","doi":"10.1675/063.035.0202","title":"Current Status and Abundance Trends of Common Terns Breeding at Known Coastal and Inland Nesting Regions in Canada","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Geography; Sterna; Archipelago; Census; Abundance (ecology); Nest (protein structural motif); Ecology; Tern; Hirundo; Fishery; Population; Archaeology; Biology; Demography","authors":[{"name":"Ralph D. Morris","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cynthia Pekarik","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Moore","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01668161760704599,"gpt":0.241067900363534,"spread":0.2243862827564881,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009152123,0.00007951658,0.0001173417,0.00002444053,0.0000759289,0.000004379262,0.00004684126,0.00002740114,0.00009096151],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004557317,0.00006748959,0.000007490794,0.00007121524,0.000138252,0.0001337164,0.0001979088,0.0000888728,0.000002736598],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001777625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001343825,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3361246,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8974873,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993383,0.00002384693,0.0001346019,0.0001228755,0.0000819403,0.0002984619],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997423,0.00002705544,0.00004914965,0.00006859248,0.0000016314,0.0001112144],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007275182,0.00003003801,0.9824478,0.000008017224,0.000001001459,0.000003173481,0.0006448542,0.000005924695,0.000698255,0.000001955121,0.0001402087,0.01601149],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002367258,0.00002670877,0.9970345,0.00001959201,0.000007730367,0.00002051764,0.00009974701,0.00003672469,0.0004949632,0.00000827877,0.001932491,0.00008194784],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992285,0.0001831765,0.000002337909,0.0000532565,0.0001169788,0.00003827705,0.00001535262,0.000005276896,0.0003568699],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997163,0.00003408691,0.00004184323,0.00001426191,0.00001521762,0.000004262004,0.00000512305,0.000005768176,0.0001631124],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5613627,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6682962,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W624003024","doi":"","title":"Late summer survival of adult female and juvenile spectacled eiders on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alska","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Indigenous Studies and Ecology","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Juvenile; Brood; Delta; Biology; Fledge; Anatidae; Animal science; Zoology; Ecology; Hatching","authors":[{"name":"Paul L. Flint","is_ca":false},{"name":"Grand J. Barry","is_ca":false},{"name":"Julie A. Morse","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thomas F. Fondell","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03818911352377555,"gpt":0.3287300804014339,"spread":0.2905409668776583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000600705,0.000167496,0.0003655329,0.00003969323,0.001746603,0.00000566534,0.000157355,0.0001475004,0.004423963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005242255,0.0001014818,0.00006462495,0.00009090416,0.0001318434,0.00003508834,0.00009787117,0.0003396832,0.0009305297],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006635813,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007489776,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009728333,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02429595,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980361,0.0003263401,0.0004182308,0.0002377629,0.0001529469,0.0008285811],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990274,0.0003643824,0.0001094631,0.0003033919,0.0001266107,0.00006869328],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001270364,0.0004841337,0.6804371,0.0005394479,0.0005016017,0.00005370012,0.2802142,0.0001276837,0.0008584854,0.010828,0.01994101,0.004744332],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006892111,0.002301457,0.7312815,0.0004814092,0.0002488652,0.000009995731,0.1104265,0.0005798453,0.002301978,0.004655763,0.1395524,0.001268094],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9438277,0.00006318498,0.000001246134,0.003795073,0.0004367783,0.0005698841,0.00003183636,0.00004648029,0.05122776],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9875725,0.000321663,0.00002409995,0.00186847,0.0002025746,0.00007027293,0.000006588661,0.0000325095,0.009901314],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1697877,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998474,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2181072201","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2005)028[0344:rowset]2.0.co;2","title":"Response of Wintering Steller’s Eiders to Herring Spawn","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Spawn (biology); Herring; Clupea; Fishery; Foraging; Geography; Biology; Ecology; Fish <Actinopterygii>","authors":[{"name":"Ramūnas Žydelis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel Esler","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01016661293752724,"gpt":0.2251563958203595,"spread":0.2149897828828322,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003122661,0.00007344283,0.0000961522,0.00003399579,0.00006989552,0.000005777797,0.0001441877,0.00002328602,0.001354918],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002985196,0.00006557546,0.00002591737,0.00007229105,0.00007323303,0.0001008236,0.0004066441,0.00003772401,0.001074661],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007110788,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001296274,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001077451,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001074414,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993845,0.0000349919,0.0001310041,0.0001607107,0.00009497306,0.0001938864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997637,0.00002602607,0.0000245321,0.0001445341,0.000002338537,0.00003886725],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001254909,0.000223387,0.6618802,0.00004463349,0.0001245184,0.00002684449,0.012204,0.02906686,0.09388738,0.0001021303,0.1894004,0.01178473],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002722208,0.0001607977,0.7983505,0.00001941945,0.0000098048,0.000002006978,0.0003881196,0.0001667879,0.02766308,0.00005533101,0.1727545,0.0001574535],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9682167,0.000003493987,0.0002070509,0.003150485,0.00009196541,0.0001066171,5.695736e-7,0.00003885245,0.02818428],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917428,0.000004320383,0.001461302,0.001159462,0.00001655339,0.000009997551,1.926883e-7,0.000007981006,0.005597346],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1364703,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997031,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2172567579","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2002)025[0340:pdithd]2.0.co;2","title":"Pairing Decisions in the Harlequin Duck: Costs and Benefits","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Forest Service; Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Institute for Wetland and Waterfowl Research, Ducks Unlimited Canada","keywords":"Courtship; Biology; Waterfowl; Agonistic behaviour; Zoology; Demography; Ecology; Psychology; Aggression; Social psychology","authors":[{"name":"Roxana Torres","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fred Cooke","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gregory J. Robertson","is_ca":true},{"name":"W. Sean Boyd","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05882219025585905,"gpt":0.2319132465522372,"spread":0.1730910562963782,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001763717,0.00005799553,0.00005614321,0.000006403868,0.0001335626,0.00004659919,0.00009856257,0.00003762265,0.0001340661],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002099666,0.00001506927,0.0000217615,0.0001280257,0.00002850776,0.00007453544,0.00003365831,0.00007273232,0.00004792886],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008993042,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":3.100882e-7,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001881051,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005778066,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994692,0.00003450621,0.0000884207,0.0001706825,0.0001010092,0.0001362243],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998623,0.00004649477,0.00001377368,0.00003862327,0.00001183191,0.00002704396],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008919094,0.0001146051,0.1728591,0.000001012864,0.000001633238,0.00001053455,0.0007363277,0.000003139602,0.154084,0.0001438431,0.001020294,0.6710165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005328767,0.000104158,0.9914755,0.0000130235,0.000003339735,0.00002507227,0.0003639467,0.00001227269,0.001789899,0.00006031129,0.006031489,0.00006776335],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961375,0.0003811852,1.475255e-7,0.002730474,0.0000616595,0.00008611564,0.000002826814,0.00002447697,0.000575593],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992267,0.0002120885,0.00001278243,0.0001029903,0.0001225148,0.000007346704,0.000002993091,4.218922e-7,0.0003121814],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8186163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.146793,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1966030311","doi":"10.1675/063.033.0404","title":"Migration and Winter Movements of Double-Crested Cormorants Breeding in Georgian Bay, Ontario","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Trent University","funders":"","keywords":"Habitat; Fishery; Bay; Geography; Philopatry; Aquaculture; Range (aeronautics); Waterfowl; Ecology; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Biology; Biological dispersal; Demography; Population; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Heidi Scherr","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jeff Bowman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kenneth F. Abraham","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01234944500219625,"gpt":0.2265817266294465,"spread":0.2142322816272502,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001283284,0.00007378628,0.00009326591,0.00003103926,0.00003449731,0.000009250613,0.00008888666,0.00008318639,0.002071381],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002349492,0.00006217533,0.00001432147,0.0000484224,0.0001237172,0.0001814966,0.00008981676,0.0001493922,0.00006739916],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005155608,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005775448,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02009868,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.644519,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994365,0.000009023872,0.0001557021,0.0001549815,0.00008955639,0.0001542298],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998099,0.000005480543,0.00004210087,0.00009722439,0.000003557097,0.00004171605],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004257391,0.00005505977,0.8774189,0.000002042622,0.000001736907,0.000005539136,0.001057063,0.000002564319,0.1206701,0.000002544494,0.00002369453,0.0007181574],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007535173,0.00007387322,0.9804852,0.000007622364,0.000005116603,0.000005328149,0.00003882398,0.00002594148,0.01820176,0.00005407607,0.0002778257,0.00007090639],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985224,7.328501e-7,0.00000440215,0.00007786402,0.0001628784,0.0001265149,0.00000149974,0.000009136616,0.001094593],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978437,7.274919e-7,0.0001877955,0.00005411742,0.000008634216,0.000006979102,0.0000049624,0.000005713107,0.00188738],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6244203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988409,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2173779901","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2003)026[0088:talowm]2.0.co;2","title":"Timing and Location of Wing Molt in Horned, Red-necked and Western Grebes in North America","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Bay; Fishery; Geography; Ecology; Biology; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Bonnie E. Stout","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fred Cooke","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01233452976645265,"gpt":0.2239900399315145,"spread":0.2116555101650618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008646367,0.00005447028,0.00008848431,0.00003147181,0.00002230416,0.000004213301,0.0000340964,0.00003614167,0.00004669581],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001570635,0.00004922739,0.000003980729,0.0001716153,0.0001272856,0.0001203827,0.00003544844,0.00005625136,0.00001121616],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002984245,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003396808,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002523244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003840352,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995446,0.00003675967,0.0001179563,0.0001392226,0.00004520427,0.0001162862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998698,0.00001125585,0.00002971569,0.00006337431,0.000002616193,0.00002320084],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006164108,0.00003237226,0.9928074,0.000007020712,7.305093e-7,0.000006579086,0.001179259,0.0001332245,0.002184611,5.337458e-7,0.000003107096,0.003639034],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002265597,0.00004725231,0.9976676,0.00001255428,0.00000396394,0.000004943593,0.0001662632,0.00006036128,0.001654559,0.00002270357,0.00007517127,0.00005803686],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9996115,0.00002450525,0.00002197564,0.00005263097,0.0000170599,0.00007468692,3.572836e-7,0.00000517475,0.0001921149],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995301,0.00001781569,0.0003117484,0.00003891278,0.000002360496,0.000005640252,0.000001223462,0.000004473531,0.00008777233],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004860268,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2143007,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2460455189","doi":"10.1675/063.039.sp105","title":"Differential Declines among Nesting Habitats of Breeding Herring Gulls (<i>Larus argentatus</i>) and Great Black-Backed Gulls (<i>Larus marinus</i>) in Witless Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Larus; Seabird; Herring; Herring gull; Bay; Habitat; Fishery; Ecology; Population; Biology; Avian clutch size; Geography; Predation; Reproduction; Demography","authors":[{"name":"Alexander L. Bond","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sabina I. Wilhelm","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gregory J. Robertson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stephanie Avery‐Gomm","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008153192445918193,"gpt":0.2013562443003588,"spread":0.1932030518544406,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002097679,0.0002895017,0.0004164032,0.00006461053,0.000145127,0.0000388425,0.0002082854,0.0001502685,0.0006188311],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004675689,0.0002123343,0.00003804362,0.0001369687,0.000626935,0.000334972,0.0004132063,0.0001594066,0.00001309484],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002297705,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003709485,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2240835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8631469,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980892,0.00008775316,0.0004659979,0.0005166209,0.00026563,0.0005748116],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992502,0.0001451952,0.0001642489,0.0002160735,0.00001416241,0.0002100844],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000492088,0.00004009376,0.967804,0.00003161752,0.00001295774,0.0001089427,0.0003368415,0.00001324683,0.02591258,0.000004211947,0.00009838015,0.005587925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001366478,0.00008037296,0.9928989,0.0001271676,0.00004256071,0.00004798669,0.0001136532,0.0000808656,0.004717472,0.0001193952,0.0001092147,0.0002958897],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988852,0.00003782766,0.00006609083,0.0002260395,0.0002690051,0.0002494128,0.00002727451,0.00002677681,0.0002123375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985764,0.00004455216,0.0002631761,0.0000771605,0.00005927429,0.00001343405,0.000005445791,0.00003273465,0.000927821],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6390634,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.865874,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144238128","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695-31.4.651","title":"Risk Factors for Predation Attempts by Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) on Staging Semipalmated Sandpipers (Calidris pusilla)","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Calidris; Sandpiper; Predation; Peregrinus; Flock; Biology; Zoology; Fishery; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Guy Beauchamp","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01905088859161086,"gpt":0.2393447635799991,"spread":0.2202938749883882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001660551,0.0002738774,0.0002391277,0.00004964008,0.0006040268,0.00002230791,0.0002345305,0.0001867735,0.001718148],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005079411,0.0002157634,0.0001143607,0.0001283664,0.0002658417,0.0002203577,0.00009279893,0.0002098661,0.0004388837],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002236581,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001129924,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004487697,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001355285,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998358,0.0000826955,0.0002734268,0.0005193638,0.0002531396,0.0005133827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993092,0.00009381734,0.000122412,0.000302981,0.00001403023,0.0001575998],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000469421,0.0001433311,0.9709067,0.000005877878,0.00001843583,0.000007006544,0.001360611,0.0002593019,0.01166084,0.000001463746,0.01491592,0.0006735977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000860057,0.0003089798,0.9550664,0.00001168882,0.00005305708,0.00001389467,0.0003601409,0.0002278518,0.03703146,0.00002506053,0.005676373,0.0003650677],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972212,0.000008191841,0.0002480624,0.0001847185,0.0002250005,0.0005152563,0.0002005759,0.0001731307,0.001223917],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940449,0.00003402698,0.000218179,0.0001356131,0.00003757702,0.00007581883,0.0002003775,0.00003914909,0.00521436],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02537062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991944,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2178403723","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2002)025[0156:iocpao]2.0.co;2","title":"Influence of Cyclic Pre-lay Attendance on Synchronous Breeding in Common Murres","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Uria aalge; Attendance; Biology; Predation; Reproductive success; Zoology; Ecology; Period (music); Incubation; Demography; Population; Seabird","authors":[{"name":"Sabina I. Wilhelm","is_ca":true},{"name":"Anne E. Storey","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01317424291172235,"gpt":0.2427362702546996,"spread":0.2295620273429773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001013048,0.0001096043,0.000178768,0.00003055717,0.0000657515,0.000004504891,0.0001896211,0.00006212942,0.0004439793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001236024,0.00009015098,0.0000278266,0.0001128568,0.0002847909,0.0001231293,0.0001508082,0.0001380448,0.0004142244],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009059136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":9.45889e-7,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006770945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001042921,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991714,0.0000292934,0.000203098,0.0002127932,0.0001348529,0.0002485318],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997323,0.0000360851,0.00005906063,0.0001382624,0.000003019109,0.00003130929],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001758102,0.0001574653,0.9701966,0.000008351328,0.000003058981,0.00001595409,0.0009493748,0.003150153,0.02291021,0.00001561978,0.0002317181,0.002343917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001790421,0.0003145279,0.9935342,0.00003564604,0.000005525334,0.000003955919,0.00003490417,0.0001718009,0.005379603,0.00005088775,0.000183395,0.0001064849],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954584,0.00004391143,0.000001163236,0.0001481993,0.00004009635,0.0001036204,0.000002863781,0.0000256739,0.00417604],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993018,0.00003137563,0.00004520644,0.0001149248,0.0000105398,0.0000186622,3.6162e-7,0.000007617221,0.0004695143],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02333763,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5324154,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2058124422","doi":"10.1675/063.034.0212","title":"Least Bittern (<i>Ixobrychus exilis</i>) Survey Protocol","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Protocol (science); Abundance (ecology); Marsh; Geography; Relative species abundance; Ecology; Habitat; Medicine; Biology; Wetland","authors":[{"name":"Benoı̂t Jobin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ron Bazin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Laurie A. Maynard","is_ca":true},{"name":"Angela McConnell","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jennifer Stewart","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05134117489593203,"gpt":0.258957610773865,"spread":0.207616435877933,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003377727,0.0001519227,0.0001299398,0.00002155084,0.0001145553,0.00001294348,0.0003264397,0.0001132803,0.01866341],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001133812,0.0001177036,0.00004431481,0.0001127731,0.0002467549,0.0001920283,0.0001970862,0.000139707,0.00927313],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005532242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007275247,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000944039,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002028201,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998844,0.0001172369,0.0001922454,0.0003201834,0.0001530339,0.0003732925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995062,0.00001085737,0.00005369954,0.000308995,0.000006636955,0.0001136483],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000598746,0.0001961544,0.9928131,0.000003632397,0.000003318653,0.00002877983,0.0003824793,8.460073e-7,0.001300474,0.000002329116,0.002568078,0.002640951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003643702,0.000140361,0.9819363,0.000003439471,0.000006007701,0.00001417146,0.00001278248,0.000003642626,0.01074138,0.0001132657,0.006491018,0.0001732857],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9636325,4.472575e-7,0.0000878666,0.00003555567,0.0001638167,0.01215758,0.00001059905,0.000113976,0.02379764],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9763325,1.909392e-7,0.0004013944,0.000288411,0.0000317265,0.01529639,0.000006460581,0.00002299415,0.007619885],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01617776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9914983,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1972862995","doi":"10.1675/063.037.0106","title":"Assessing the Breeding Success of the Western Grebe (<i>Aechmophorus occidentalis</i>) After 40 Years of Environmental Changes at Delta Marsh, Manitoba","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Nest (protein structural motif); Marsh; Delta; Typha; Ecology; Habitat; Biology; Vegetation (pathology); Water level; Wetland; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Nicholas La Porte","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicola Koper","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lionel Leston","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009353866170958276,"gpt":0.2154265832821191,"spread":0.2060727171111608,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003862632,0.0001468509,0.0001827936,0.00002435223,0.0002122983,0.00002641162,0.0005116143,0.00006270437,0.0004365384],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001188047,0.00009338637,0.00007223893,0.00008682464,0.0006293544,0.0002030027,0.001634957,0.00009785497,0.00008408434],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001135555,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001402492,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005552662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008750583,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988261,0.0001108277,0.0002160737,0.0002471269,0.0003236039,0.0002762463],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999384,0.00006281899,0.000168331,0.0003545579,0.000002581615,0.00002772902],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001862393,0.00004204002,0.9894208,0.00001871537,0.00003160417,0.000003192162,0.0006671721,0.0000241085,0.006712871,0.000004231153,0.001317947,0.001738735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001985132,0.00005191153,0.9881374,0.00002439647,0.00005361846,0.000005575484,0.0003731354,0.00003065895,0.007537932,0.00007140276,0.003404211,0.0001112502],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968861,0.00003032133,0.00001376789,0.0007526781,0.0003385691,0.0002157743,0.0000121261,0.00001494058,0.001735719],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981086,0.00004660517,0.00003680894,0.0008943138,0.00004614539,0.00002847315,0.000002781074,0.00001746574,0.0008187873],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008195317,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4883031,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1988526669","doi":"10.1675/063.038.0103","title":"Sex Determination of Least Sandpiper<i>(Calidris minutilla)</i>and Western Sandpiper (<i>Calidris mauri</i>): Comparing Methodological Robustness of Two Morphometric Methods","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Simon Fraser University; Whitley Fund for Nature","keywords":"Sandpiper; Calidris; Sexing; Discriminant function analysis; Biology; Sexual dimorphism; Zoology; Statistics; Ecology; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Ariám Jiménez","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ianela García-Lau","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alieny González","is_ca":false},{"name":"Martín Acosta","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lourdes Múgica","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.127277278474449,"gpt":0.3701167708995997,"spread":0.2428394924251507,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002199132,0.000270687,0.0007385752,0.0001726762,0.00008303067,0.00002115779,0.0003489238,0.0002339249,0.0004056427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001734419,0.0002117124,0.0001083967,0.0004719683,0.0006536301,0.0002493661,0.0004680286,0.0002180262,0.00003092885],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001058249,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001806038,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002596296,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001082157,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972485,0.0008631138,0.0006197783,0.0004847469,0.0003793758,0.00040447],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987846,0.000320675,0.0002765792,0.0003434738,0.00004265356,0.0002320347],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007970746,0.0002164707,0.9467281,0.00003471482,0.00001444851,0.00001312504,0.0008122243,0.0008465143,0.02165469,0.000003412248,0.0001084985,0.02948807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002852665,0.0006273095,0.7894046,0.00004663484,0.0002738857,0.0002141635,0.0004485929,0.00798901,0.196225,0.0003529964,0.0009502864,0.0006148285],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9109907,0.0000979828,0.08763222,0.00005931688,0.0002224967,0.0002320786,0.000009326542,0.00004084969,0.0007150703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8825136,0.00001361882,0.1167492,0.000047603,0.00003966501,0.0000205582,0.000007034711,0.00002205928,0.0005865841],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1745704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8633379,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1718983340","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695-31.4.636","title":"Seasonal Occurrence and Abundance of Shorebirds at Atalaia Nova Beach in Sergipe State, Brazil","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Calidris; Charadrius; Sandpiper; Abundance (ecology); Geography; Fishery; Plover; Ecology; Biology; Predation; Habitat","authors":[{"name":"Edison Barbieri","is_ca":false},{"name":"Glen T. Hvenegaard","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01490426796228504,"gpt":0.2447303292052388,"spread":0.2298260612429538,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001521669,0.0001408631,0.0001867801,0.00003048056,0.0001023914,0.000004370015,0.0001885052,0.00008368037,0.001699484],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009191936,0.0001242891,0.00002885549,0.0001684731,0.0006785684,0.0002118941,0.0002595455,0.0001436867,0.000245774],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001117651,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001498322,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001334238,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001524583,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988872,0.0000382634,0.0002259538,0.0003251166,0.0002017862,0.0003216661],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996365,0.00002337756,0.00005993792,0.0001827756,0.000006769814,0.00009058402],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005379793,0.0001072342,0.9896234,0.000009708926,0.000002541858,0.00006359454,0.0008159945,0.00006473416,0.005134178,0.000001327976,0.001549163,0.00257437],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003791131,0.0001136118,0.9892998,0.00001095846,0.00000448221,0.00008889841,0.00001348666,0.00006820806,0.008463052,0.00003641423,0.001370549,0.0001513634],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986809,0.00005797477,0.00001307259,0.00009237624,0.00009934082,0.0001194808,0.00005930148,0.00002377289,0.0008537752],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979147,0.0000357772,0.0003637428,0.00009255263,0.000008551857,0.000008419541,0.00002359719,0.000009179769,0.001543487],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003328874,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992131,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991612931","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2007)030[0566:dsmosm]2.0.co;2","title":"Daytime Spring Migrations of Scoters (Melanitta spp.) in the Bay of Fundy","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Mount Allison University; University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Bay; Spring (device); White (mutation); Biology; Diel vertical migration; Fishery; The arctic; Arctic; Geography; Ecology; Zoology; Oceanography; Archaeology; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Alexander L. Bond","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter W. Hicklin","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. Evans","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01173071475718024,"gpt":0.2387431549915674,"spread":0.2270124402343872,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004490842,0.00005256695,0.00007829491,0.00002958542,0.00003353759,0.000002709038,0.0001917983,0.00004609981,0.0007510042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008420411,0.00003539721,0.00002863484,0.0001260217,0.0001684319,0.00007103915,0.00005232347,0.00007573378,0.00006961128],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002979616,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003720692,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003578276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004624954,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994296,0.00002961443,0.0001840249,0.00009376369,0.0001113134,0.0001517041],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997337,0.00003601619,0.00004706458,0.0001615705,0.000002377424,0.0000193115],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007428533,0.00008294651,0.9740282,0.000002771455,0.000001661331,0.0000068079,0.001065108,0.00005005353,0.02425684,0.0000189581,0.00007374682,0.0004054391],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001153385,0.00004895236,0.9734491,0.00000614763,0.000007897878,0.000003024315,0.0002390312,0.00001518813,0.02564892,0.00005478553,0.0003697321,0.00004186041],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971655,0.000007389896,0.0001861053,0.000119422,0.00004819133,0.00009717484,0.000002201685,0.00000575381,0.002368287],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992588,0.000001269842,0.0003609114,0.00006566992,0.000008825476,0.000002559997,0.000001708153,0.000003202111,0.0002971257],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004267126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.822297,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2106075518","doi":"10.1675/063.034.0202","title":"Habitat Use by Least Bitterns (<i>Ixobrychus exilis</i>) in Québec","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Wetland; Habitat; Swamp; Typha; Geography; Vegetation (pathology); Land cover; Ecology; Buffer zone; Environmental science; Forestry; Land use; Biology; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Benoı̂t Jobin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pierre Fradette","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sandra Labrecque","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0244247948555614,"gpt":0.1968892564916989,"spread":0.1724644616361375,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009344899,0.0001265906,0.0001006325,0.00004085975,0.00006207774,0.00004088203,0.0001774334,0.00005303035,0.003152281],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001640278,0.000109219,0.00004163024,0.0001381036,0.00008722815,0.0007049937,0.0000866935,0.0001178068,0.001755011],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001792057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001111235,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1912986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09197778,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990821,0.00004032009,0.0002152908,0.000264457,0.000149144,0.0002486848],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996085,0.00001769327,0.00004601078,0.0002499511,0.000006159068,0.00007172696],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002618723,0.0001436714,0.9584935,0.000002173166,0.000004152793,0.000009688962,0.001106907,0.00001120828,0.01012528,0.00001288008,0.02791196,0.002152422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002943812,0.00007812557,0.9117904,0.0000174596,0.000006219242,0.00001334856,0.0001586021,0.0003093762,0.007141587,0.0001075549,0.079865,0.0002179581],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902028,0.00001013001,0.000135725,0.0005805337,0.0001632985,0.0001086234,0.000008468844,0.00005527146,0.008735111],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922178,0.000007703857,0.0003707592,0.0008793275,0.00002008464,0.00003248201,0.000009032508,0.000017708,0.006445141],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09932087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990222,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2163936564","doi":"10.1675/063.037.sp107","title":"Common Loons (<i>Gavia immer</i>) Wintering off the Louisiana Coast Tracked to Saskatchewan during the Breeding Season","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey","keywords":"Geography; Satellite tracking; Fishery; Breed; Seasonal breeder; Satellite; Ecology; Archaeology; Biology","authors":[{"name":"James D. Paruk","is_ca":false},{"name":"Darwin Long","is_ca":false},{"name":"Scott Ford","is_ca":false},{"name":"David C. Evers","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009181416127886066,"gpt":0.2172045056451111,"spread":0.2080230895172251,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006247413,0.0002590897,0.0002511626,0.00001646787,0.0006715364,0.000116318,0.0008368124,0.00004434746,0.0006944802],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003283968,0.0001473988,0.0001159638,0.0002463456,0.0001849565,0.0001421194,0.001540444,0.0002564378,0.0008503622],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000182464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004041412,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0113445,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05090071,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982105,0.0001221745,0.0002868704,0.0003907398,0.0004083923,0.0005813258],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991376,0.00007574674,0.00008014806,0.000557643,0.000008864399,0.0001400224],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001937792,0.0001776864,0.6621275,0.000147983,0.0001542969,0.00003193334,0.02489458,0.001220953,0.1123834,0.0001144934,0.01586879,0.1826845],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003333745,0.0001742462,0.8749578,0.00007181468,0.00004016445,0.0000318373,0.002157885,0.000658346,0.005229934,0.00008341825,0.1159078,0.0003534273],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9844797,0.00005903228,0.00009886824,0.003628187,0.0001779966,0.0003472501,0.000004700456,0.00008690275,0.01111732],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965146,0.00002091121,0.00009723369,0.001580275,0.0001917874,0.00004096827,0.000001398415,0.00004080135,0.001512011],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2128303,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999276,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2153831232","doi":"10.1675/063.037.0109","title":"Optimizing Repeat-Visit, Call-Broadcast Nocturnal Surveys for Yellow Rails (<i>Coturnicops noveboracensis</i>)","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waterbirds","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Occupancy; Geography; Survey methodology; Wetland; Nocturnal; Environmental science; Ecology; Statistics; Biology; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Kristen Martin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicola Koper","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ron Bazin","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01230003389555413,"gpt":0.2391918609979188,"spread":0.2268918271023647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001465733,0.0002640625,0.0003086438,0.00003979232,0.0003275366,0.00006074186,0.0003738037,0.0002184409,0.001315619],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001023155,0.0002172037,0.0001351786,0.0001356919,0.000241485,0.0002591805,0.0002022221,0.0002518112,0.00106671],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001380101,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001397581,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007261689,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002727783,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979577,0.0002520685,0.0003541276,0.0005432291,0.0002339475,0.0006588972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990687,0.0001322231,0.0001286969,0.0004310418,0.00002743416,0.000211947],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002076813,0.0004860839,0.7553014,0.00004968933,0.00006847337,0.00005654473,0.001757476,0.002882115,0.1365352,0.00003844523,0.0278703,0.07474659],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002552885,0.0006610875,0.7832735,0.00004038377,0.0001444048,0.0001077722,0.00007577103,0.0021279,0.04655801,0.0002551273,0.163202,0.001001251],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9646762,0.00002354681,0.02750489,0.0006892434,0.0007844386,0.000480868,0.00003232842,0.0001663933,0.005642065],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9809088,0.000006734806,0.01105104,0.0006758037,0.0002040959,0.00004518448,0.00003363942,0.00004902785,0.007025706],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1353317,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997111,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}