{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":7,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":7,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"47476799d5e8","filters":{"venue":"Whiteness and Education"}},"results":[{"id":"W3037803769","doi":"10.1080/23793406.2020.1784038","title":"Education as a site for the Imperial project to preserve whiteness supremacy from the colonial era to the present: a critical analysis of international education policy in Canada","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Whiteness and Education","topic":"Global Educational Policies and Reforms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Colonialism; White supremacy; Political science; Public administration; Political economy; Sociology; Law; Racism","authors":[{"name":"Marjorie Johnstone","is_ca":true},{"name":"Eunjung Lee","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02098969783576973,"gpt":0.3764135005326022,"spread":0.3554238026968325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006154628,0.000473829,0.0006331067,0.002693802,0.06246149,0.01994058,0.001997619,0.004876688,0.003237346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01260005,0.0004454549,0.0004589221,0.004617712,0.05834012,0.004943201,0.007442442,0.01144647,0.0001265673],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.2911052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.3370677,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9858106,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9923571,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9926515,0.001396602,0.0001257983,0.0005472495,0.001515337,0.00376348],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9929743,0.002422803,0.0004346057,0.0002287056,0.002133332,0.001806291],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002168341,0.00002726965,0.001723282,0.00005492255,0.000008954743,0.0004921257,0.1872872,0.0004850924,0.0001703479,0.7936185,0.006685073,0.009425616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002641691,0.00003488167,0.008954887,0.000728687,0.00004692526,0.000179951,0.3749078,0.0008652754,0.0009027166,0.07827891,0.5349537,0.000119956],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4265387,0.009246018,0.004041984,0.1266135,0.0005819889,0.0001873895,0.000111482,0.00005476042,0.4326242],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9731082,0.001250936,0.0006334941,0.004588481,0.00003737567,0.00003051036,0.00001485995,0.00003702184,0.02029917],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2911052,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8222175,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3162538741","doi":"10.1080/23793406.2021.1920046","title":"‘I wanted to be white’: understanding power asymmetries of whiteness and racialisation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Whiteness and Education","topic":"Critical Race Theory in Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Autoethnography; Sociology; White (mutation); Colonisation; Power (physics); Ideology; Normative; Gender studies; White supremacy; Power structure; Critical theory; Racism; Aesthetics; Ethnography; Epistemology; Anthropology; Political science; History; Law; Politics; Art; Philosophy; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Yecid Ortega","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05237807188501633,"gpt":0.3702879700451981,"spread":0.3179098981601818,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0056047,0.00039986,0.0003628843,0.001164106,0.01288266,0.007100146,0.0007632432,0.001393612,0.00236657],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008143263,0.0002624669,0.0002003479,0.0007938887,0.03970627,0.008239425,0.005388096,0.003651574,0.000163417],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004923047,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003949759,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02890474,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03754933,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9937358,0.004858798,0.00005914944,0.0003274788,0.0004030877,0.0006156447],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99571,0.003141462,0.0004056555,0.0001672574,0.0002383105,0.0003371515],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006428168,0.000006299991,0.000516816,0.00001685206,0.00000116777,0.00009953072,0.9680839,0.00001599621,0.0001786951,0.02872902,0.0004149479,0.00193037],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003148807,0.00001071026,0.001322864,0.0001303865,0.000003671112,0.0001397257,0.9408572,0.0001013186,0.0002879844,0.0124647,0.04466652,0.0000117717],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8268827,0.002586849,0.009029113,0.02029854,0.0003242777,0.00005017668,0.00002802523,0.0000316695,0.1407687],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936215,0.0004366101,0.0006042819,0.0009425257,0.00003064578,0.00001973189,0.000006469364,0.00002432579,0.004313913],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02890474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.057473,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3179229008","doi":"10.1080/23793406.2021.1946842","title":"Seeing whiteness as property through Métis teachers’ K-12 stories of racism","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Whiteness and Education","topic":"Critical Race Theory in Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Indigenous; Racism; Critical race theory; Scholarship; Sociology; Government (linguistics); Democracy; Gender studies; White (mutation); Institutional racism; Race (biology); Political science; Politics; Law","authors":[{"name":"Carmen Gillies","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02872702925097959,"gpt":0.3712544999188142,"spread":0.3425274706678346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006431289,0.000564879,0.0005211706,0.001170564,0.02597392,0.007893362,0.001264468,0.001777797,0.002686015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008148854,0.0006016263,0.0002930544,0.0009997245,0.02372753,0.006368442,0.009027968,0.005586618,0.0003290394],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.009349489,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007647549,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06862127,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1710841,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9938633,0.004092662,0.0001270985,0.000336479,0.0006194005,0.0009609487],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9935287,0.003656896,0.0006900791,0.0003018653,0.0006862807,0.001136194],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006707723,0.00001039208,0.001188936,0.00001534327,0.000001378831,0.0001281419,0.9948725,0.000008402801,0.000139677,0.002112119,0.0005813915,0.0009349331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[8.585065e-7,0.000008065495,0.0007511559,0.00004150742,0.000001731445,0.0000477763,0.9895828,0.00001286696,0.0001176364,0.000385802,0.009044611,0.00000523033],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9636875,0.0006425462,0.0009356573,0.01006256,0.0001104323,0.00002689262,0.00004832286,0.00001868615,0.02446743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928908,0.000414548,0.0002299143,0.000772622,0.00001324355,0.00002665533,0.00001675855,0.00002639549,0.00560903],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9313787,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1364437,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281705429","doi":"10.1080/23793406.2022.2072760","title":"Racism plays a disappearing act: discourses of denial in one anti-discrimination campaign in higher education","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Whiteness and Education","topic":"Critical Race Theory in Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Regina","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Racism; Denial; Sociology; Innocence; Narrative; Disadvantaged; Action (physics); Gender studies; Political science; Media studies; Criminology; Law; Psychology","authors":[{"name":"Amanda Gebhard","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gabriela Novotná","is_ca":true},{"name":"Heather Carter","is_ca":true},{"name":"Funke Oba","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0408868146175238,"gpt":0.3617428689642257,"spread":0.3208560543467019,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0117623,0.001043842,0.0009519323,0.003539088,0.04369878,0.01388616,0.002082784,0.006318016,0.002972084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02335859,0.0005215632,0.0005230528,0.002437732,0.05498001,0.009792195,0.009375055,0.01004081,0.0002629915],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.03367071,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02010459,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2826997,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.317993,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9866502,0.008304708,0.0002444005,0.0007562387,0.002080317,0.001964065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9753368,0.01881661,0.001496053,0.0006304178,0.002017537,0.001702609],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001604774,0.000009478731,0.0004068592,0.00003685992,0.000002224,0.0001763444,0.9784776,0.00001888247,0.0002627306,0.01845098,0.0006023642,0.001539683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006607759,0.00001864729,0.00116051,0.0002084902,0.00001388094,0.0001122872,0.9456396,0.0001366713,0.0005229836,0.004488312,0.04765662,0.00003547467],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8205646,0.002893954,0.004230688,0.06344784,0.00096523,0.00009132407,0.00009112275,0.0001004978,0.1076147],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931101,0.000378752,0.0004391043,0.001738095,0.00009577048,0.0000198193,0.00001566226,0.00004704357,0.004155814],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2826997,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5621085,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386010762","doi":"10.1080/23793406.2023.2249904","title":"“Do white parents feel the same?”: Latin American and Black Caribbean parents fighting for participation in partnership-oriented education","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Whiteness and Education","topic":"Parental Involvement in Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Latin Americans; General partnership; White (mutation); Negotiation; Gender studies; Sociology; Critical race theory; Qualitative research; Battle; Political science; Racism; Pedagogy; Social science; Law; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Henry Parada","is_ca":true},{"name":"Laura Perez Gonzalez","is_ca":true},{"name":"Veronica Escobar Olivo","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06781029111971028,"gpt":0.3940307909273916,"spread":0.3262204998076814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003761316,0.0002608054,0.0002957873,0.0005818126,0.008728234,0.003783203,0.0006052612,0.001000886,0.002572404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006098007,0.0003072251,0.0002418839,0.000651317,0.004237165,0.002172227,0.003262546,0.001915738,0.0001787983],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003229217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004432719,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1580016,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2340565,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982408,0.001051662,0.00004254454,0.00009212269,0.0002042547,0.0003685589],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976239,0.0008168652,0.0005446661,0.00008337223,0.0003045433,0.0006266014],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002890962,0.00002722652,0.04157888,0.00003271032,0.00001059109,0.001171699,0.9481345,0.00000961767,0.0002270302,0.00110897,0.0009992881,0.006670571],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001462102,0.00001057969,0.007837341,0.00005647097,0.000005200695,0.0001861586,0.9887582,0.00001311253,0.00003879347,0.000110777,0.002976826,0.000005091916],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902947,0.0007337107,0.00011072,0.003513924,0.00004892281,0.00001104793,0.00001160778,0.000002499091,0.005272967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972751,0.0006073833,0.00007073902,0.0007734155,0.000007918954,0.0000140759,0.000009302571,0.000003645793,0.00123838],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1580016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3141637,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4306968918","doi":"10.1080/23793406.2022.2136106","title":"Whiteness and damage in the education classroom","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Whiteness and Education","topic":"Critical Race Theory in Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Complicity; Racism; White (mutation); Oppression; Agency (philosophy); Indigenous; Sociology; Colonialism; Consciousness; Gender studies; White supremacy; Criminology; Political science; Psychology; Politics; Law; Social science","authors":[{"name":"Alexandre Emboaba Da Costa","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01229579846099545,"gpt":0.342972356468832,"spread":0.3306765580078365,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003702546,0.0004371362,0.0004847923,0.001989529,0.0205138,0.01209265,0.001070519,0.001722656,0.006648812],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009879206,0.0002797737,0.0002226179,0.001128669,0.03397699,0.009014242,0.01853189,0.006541744,0.0003731313],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007743147,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008433102,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02740353,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04583511,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9942012,0.002767656,0.0001361317,0.0005143533,0.001076485,0.001304007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9924621,0.00287594,0.001555247,0.0002956869,0.0006670398,0.002144065],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002467051,0.0002213234,0.01335546,0.00006539588,0.000009063215,0.0003766677,0.865416,0.0001140556,0.0004311541,0.09904897,0.002491434,0.01844588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000720517,0.00006843381,0.0149915,0.0002947412,0.0000124796,0.0001883435,0.8930459,0.0001351421,0.0005621591,0.03212415,0.05853775,0.00003218053],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8471359,0.002507495,0.001689781,0.02204022,0.0003240331,0.0000272103,0.00001287371,0.00004891231,0.1262136],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937542,0.0004228152,0.0001148587,0.0008119351,0.00003574264,0.000008013442,0.000002949933,0.00001279717,0.004836644],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02740353,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05618078,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408018880","doi":"10.1080/23793406.2025.2463016","title":"Learning out of place: white affect in academia","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Whiteness and Education","topic":"Critical Race Theory in Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Affect (linguistics); White (mutation); White paper; Psychology; Sociology; Political science; Communication; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Jade Crimson Rose Da Costa","is_ca":true},{"name":"Skylar Sookpaiboon","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01268903602602548,"gpt":0.3928861975922519,"spread":0.3801971615662263,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003395596,0.0004721111,0.0004891477,0.001060402,0.01680358,0.009380383,0.0007002281,0.001834661,0.004827508],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005533,0.0002097467,0.0002519313,0.0005668849,0.01985202,0.004498077,0.00860754,0.004906032,0.0005559736],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002898575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001973033,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00704224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01183357,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9958264,0.002401149,0.00006386107,0.0003238957,0.0007076671,0.0006769803],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966332,0.001004093,0.0005743706,0.0001551303,0.0003040848,0.001329168],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000375706,0.00007114371,0.00778977,0.00003287072,0.000008178246,0.0005129645,0.96999,0.00006105269,0.001550064,0.01025322,0.001614633,0.008078539],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004564665,0.00007290812,0.006718421,0.00005513501,0.000006293281,0.0001850345,0.9557071,0.000084442,0.0003891517,0.00295216,0.03379464,0.00003015194],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9500642,0.0005010902,0.001179931,0.00622886,0.0003459275,0.00001266772,0.000009713201,0.00003646268,0.04162114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943784,0.0001348476,0.00008105791,0.0007423181,0.00004788304,0.000004880997,0.000003888294,0.00001237979,0.004594381],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9831964,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02103072,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}