{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":6,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":6,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"2cbab3987427","filters":{"venue":"Yuksekogretim Dergisi"}},"results":[{"id":"W3159059939","doi":"10.2399/yod.21.210226","title":"New Generation University: A Model Proposal","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Yuksekogretim Dergisi","topic":"Higher Education Governance and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Stantec (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Restructuring; European union; Higher education; Context (archaeology); Convention; Political science; Institution; Public administration; Public relations; Economic growth; Business; Economics; Geography; Economic policy; Law","authors":[{"name":"Metin Toprak","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yüksel Bayraktar","is_ca":true},{"name":"Armağan Erdoğan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Şerife Deniz Kolat","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mehmet Şengül","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02368219566329183,"gpt":0.2867253500685035,"spread":0.2630431544052116,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001787723,0.0004474692,0.0003033766,0.001329805,0.002243893,0.005900898,0.002104138,0.003288301,0.02472049],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002206106,0.0002627429,0.0008287339,0.001480424,0.002864515,0.006170363,0.002981465,0.001855402,0.002259811],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004742527,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00535406,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008203879,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007134353,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988917,0.0004856205,0.00002910996,0.0001749542,0.0001963367,0.0002223713],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989187,0.0003519813,0.00007819438,0.000101902,0.0002501769,0.0002990054],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008353485,0.00002853043,0.0002425695,0.000009437994,0.000001589713,0.0000490531,0.0002710721,0.001313727,0.00002862426,0.9944577,0.001366806,0.002222401],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001124109,0.0001284589,0.0009374134,0.0001044667,0.00002191995,0.0003160667,0.002875298,0.04959743,0.0001820035,0.8363259,0.1093596,0.00003909722],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05552999,0.0005395948,0.1505746,0.03361619,0.0004267089,0.0007458149,0.0006339598,0.0002421824,0.757691],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8461395,0.0008673933,0.05338861,0.001901102,0.000202458,0.001205755,0.0003296124,0.00007550154,0.09589022],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02472049,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08269829,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1754236711","doi":"10.2399/yod.12.005","title":"Evolution of universities: British Higher Education system","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Yuksekogretim Dergisi","topic":"Human Resources and Workforce","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Birds Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Political science; Humanities; Art","authors":[{"name":"Ergün Toğrol","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01121022595357186,"gpt":0.268297224761375,"spread":0.2570869988078031,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001091318,0.0001243732,0.0002375342,0.002852944,0.002230131,0.004028946,0.0008519483,0.0009328644,0.02988181],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007335098,0.0002661064,0.0001828557,0.007901503,0.001211547,0.001699824,0.001839011,0.0007305326,0.002876684],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01978551,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008902506,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5495583,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.699393,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978551,0.0004575578,0.00009956628,0.00023223,0.0004272407,0.0009282037],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9940328,0.001010689,0.0005819055,0.000257697,0.00189175,0.002225125],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007501171,0.0002717292,0.6090038,0.0004718605,0.00009372105,0.001100029,0.02897955,0.004406174,0.002371525,0.08688411,0.05287406,0.2127934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000165858,0.00005330756,0.9182463,0.0001129633,0.00001255182,0.0001395925,0.0110541,0.001145618,0.0002605254,0.001781249,0.06714713,0.0000301972],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.8946539,0.001770646,0.0005971612,0.006435486,0.00007139212,0.00004389189,0.004065854,0.0001367967,0.09222494],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9709575,0.0003815466,0.0001725639,0.0001622921,0.000009270361,0.00001082373,0.000735747,0.00002732504,0.027543],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5495583,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9061888,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4319036426","doi":"10.2399/yod.22.202202","title":"Professors and Internationalization in Canada: Academic Disciplines and Global Activities","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Yuksekogretim Dergisi","topic":"Global Education and Multiculturalism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Université de Montréal; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Internationalization; Discipline; Curriculum; Decentralization; Higher education; Corporate governance; Sociology; Political science; The arts; Pedagogy; Public relations; Engineering ethics; Social science; Management; Engineering; Business","authors":[{"name":"Grace Karram Stephenson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Glen A. Jones","is_ca":true},{"name":"Olivier Bégin‐Caouette","is_ca":true},{"name":"Amy Scott Metcalfe","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02523660538384819,"gpt":0.3532639374282846,"spread":0.3280273320444364,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002336772,0.000177404,0.0003169064,0.002649024,0.01106252,0.006205022,0.0007177917,0.000654858,0.006715571],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008763545,0.0001401337,0.0002198454,0.007173284,0.006016197,0.001791075,0.003993477,0.001487414,0.0001564678],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.04976867,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.08217202,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9558191,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9749666,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9958363,0.0004810002,0.00009307929,0.0002490586,0.001728062,0.001612508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9920022,0.001314186,0.001317458,0.0001332025,0.001656838,0.003575994],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001553065,0.0001386294,0.5132163,0.00033302,0.00005701329,0.0009944673,0.3055991,0.0006283048,0.001142074,0.07516032,0.0129314,0.08964406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001493268,0.00004585863,0.5051128,0.0002235188,0.00003543907,0.0002309852,0.3906352,0.0002633695,0.0003955835,0.00215519,0.1008243,0.00006281182],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9218051,0.003100877,0.000260591,0.009934537,0.00007636908,0.00002945069,0.0001691555,0.00001381779,0.06461],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945402,0.001447055,0.00004990808,0.0003811783,0.00001442135,0.000004414934,0.0000452518,0.000005064717,0.003512544],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9502313,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3610986,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3198025113","doi":"10.2399/yod.20.602813","title":"Some Observations and Suggestions for the Graduate Education in Turkey: The Inter-University Model","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Yuksekogretim Dergisi","topic":"Higher Education Governance and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Turkish; Higher education; Political science; Medical education; Graduate students; Graduate education; Developing country; University faculty; Mathematics education; Sociology; Economic growth; Psychology; Medicine; Economics; Law","authors":[{"name":"Recai Erdem","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06352380906809849,"gpt":0.3280106486693735,"spread":0.2644868396012751,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003117076,0.0003914153,0.0002844759,0.001186726,0.004777854,0.007868781,0.001614315,0.002881026,0.006616346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002753042,0.0002177974,0.0005713475,0.00162309,0.008217046,0.007101282,0.002922629,0.00296862,0.0007486783],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.009260993,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006153727,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0144839,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01721027,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972501,0.001446521,0.00008355634,0.0003270215,0.0002308158,0.0006618588],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980691,0.0004419708,0.0002638016,0.0001467247,0.0004088045,0.0006696492],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"incentives","domain_candidate":"incentives","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002239122,0.00006770191,0.00266168,0.00004517276,0.000004489988,0.0004102219,0.003577848,0.001197648,0.00007393795,0.9791781,0.005048934,0.007711907],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008890104,0.0002246588,0.01984699,0.000393073,0.00002694859,0.0008746409,0.06296527,0.01762544,0.0003573741,0.7382932,0.159184,0.0001193736],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2085427,0.003616413,0.02979851,0.2115254,0.0009750575,0.0003151842,0.0001569787,0.0001795997,0.5448901],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9787678,0.001171094,0.006394244,0.002182774,0.0001062297,0.0001007282,0.00004464157,0.00001942287,0.01121318],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9968829,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06719357,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3033445490","doi":"10.2399/yod.20.001","title":"Book Review: Faydasız Bilginin Faydası / Abraham Flexner, 2017","year":2020,"lang":"tr","type":"article","venue":"Yuksekogretim Dergisi","topic":"Cultural and Sociopolitical Studies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Kemal Bakır","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06390102629446903,"gpt":0.2792463944952552,"spread":0.2153453682007862,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007158922,0.0007856959,0.001044002,0.002381501,0.0008205551,0.00325748,0.0006827762,0.001174282,0.03555046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005109151,0.0002773278,0.0003638769,0.003365071,0.0007090103,0.002842312,0.001047545,0.002602998,0.02470436],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001387928,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002973787,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003033826,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004792963,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994167,0.00008111827,0.0000368567,0.00006754966,0.0003638011,0.00003393625],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983189,0.0005305422,0.0001326354,0.00003849221,0.000842413,0.0001368854],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001057276,0.000006875579,0.00003192312,0.0006818922,0.000005625444,0.00005068267,0.00007444465,0.00002945117,0.00007623404,0.001165336,0.910648,0.087219],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002781881,0.000008629762,0.0001348426,0.0009262747,0.000005121266,0.0003504779,0.00007298483,0.00001192776,0.00004320086,0.0004445294,0.9979937,0.000005619941],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002790763,0.9039224,0.0004018867,0.01924349,0.0372248,0.00003469795,0.0001869644,0.00010023,0.03860649],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.003192828,0.7923988,0.0007136371,0.01512466,0.01818804,0.00008477038,0.0005198217,0.0001506234,0.1696269],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03555046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1189282,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3163888294","doi":"10.2399/yod.21.531653","title":"The New Requirement for Instructor Recruitment at School of Foreign Languages: What Do Administrators Think?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Yuksekogretim Dergisi","topic":"English Language Learning and Teaching","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Certification; Legislature; Foreign language; Work (physics); Pedagogy; Psychology; Mathematics education; Medical education; Political science; Engineering; Medicine; Law","authors":[{"name":"Erdem Aksoy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Derya Bozdoğan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mümin Şen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03153636148361611,"gpt":0.3051977073602902,"spread":0.2736613458766741,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.03698692,0.0003070948,0.0005465429,0.001262141,0.005204283,0.01041139,0.00212307,0.006349403,0.002532002],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06063851,0.0004676954,0.000395552,0.001289398,0.005990259,0.007239875,0.002338168,0.008004736,0.001261128],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005533296,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01780094,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006977666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01249808,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9785938,0.009755188,0.001671758,0.002191518,0.00578458,0.00200322],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9343121,0.03159168,0.008238915,0.001725513,0.01399239,0.01013944],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002052468,0.000840144,0.2126577,0.001861139,0.00005219357,0.002380518,0.1903517,0.00038524,0.006547365,0.03989317,0.156398,0.3884276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005870706,0.0006040042,0.1720072,0.002727286,0.00007860511,0.001783899,0.4053966,0.001353909,0.002860219,0.01288771,0.3999057,0.0003361812],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1288905,0.00800608,0.005224031,0.8438147,0.002310553,0.0001471623,0.00007544395,0.0001364203,0.01139516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8615352,0.008328207,0.01043553,0.1086243,0.00257974,0.0002628337,0.0001636966,0.0001044157,0.007966043],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03698692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1956078,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}