{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":70,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":70,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"921ef20d684d","filters":{"venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science"}},"results":[{"id":"W2946779411","doi":"10.1038/s41612-019-0071-y","title":"Robust skill of decadal climate predictions","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":306,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Climate Program Office; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; European Commission; U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science; Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, UK Government; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Climatology; Precipitation; Environmental science; Climate model; Climate change; General Circulation Model; Climate system; Forecast skill; Meteorology; Geography; Geology; Oceanography","authors":[{"name":"Doug Smith","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rosie Eade","is_ca":false},{"name":"Adam A. Scaife","is_ca":false},{"name":"Louis‐Philippe Caron","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gökhan Danabasoglu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Timothy DelSole","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thomas L. Delworth","is_ca":false},{"name":"Francisco J. Doblas‐Reyes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nick Dunstone","is_ca":false},{"name":"Leon Hermanson","is_ca":false},{"name":"V. V. Kharin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Masahide Kimoto","is_ca":false},{"name":"William J. Merryfield","is_ca":true},{"name":"Takashi Mochizuki","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wolfgang A. Müller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Holger Pohlmann","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stephen Yeager","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiaosong Yang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01218325976432695,"gpt":0.2234363259620832,"spread":0.2112530661977562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003612119,0.0004170346,0.0004729038,0.0005483779,0.0002877517,0.001362541,0.0005879738,0.0005505174,0.001520694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01417766,0.0002530492,0.0004273401,0.0004756901,0.0004335621,0.001342224,0.00111096,0.001233566,0.0004369377],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004916265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007149806,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01067894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006592185,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993296,0.0001894478,0.00004583766,0.0002733298,0.0000885904,0.00007314346],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9941864,0.003080254,0.0005335655,0.001240957,0.000743418,0.0002153375],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002887881,0.00008263659,0.1397812,0.00007118408,0.0004234575,0.0001271372,0.0001728724,0.8071309,0.005111209,0.005072158,0.004103684,0.03763477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002084378,0.00002819754,0.05069769,0.00002272252,0.00002719789,0.00002734535,0.00004715373,0.9389275,0.002326679,0.006418895,0.001414136,0.00004170058],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9182042,0.0004562449,0.07003343,0.001042989,0.0002244304,0.00002961932,0.003021015,0.001127154,0.005860947],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957294,0.00004383124,0.002794958,0.00005389207,0.00002689201,0.00000701722,0.001012258,0.00005562018,0.0002760804],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01067894,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02123356,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2944239879","doi":"10.1038/s41612-019-0069-5","title":"Infrared-absorbing carbonaceous tar can dominate light absorption by marine-engine exhaust","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":185,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"Universität Rostock; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Bundesinstitut für Sportwissenschaft; Natural Resources Canada; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; European Research Council; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Soot; Arctic; tar (computing); Carbon fibers; Absorption (acoustics); Carbon black; Environmental science; Combustion; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Geology; Oceanography","authors":[{"name":"Joel C. Corbin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hendryk Czech","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dario Massabò","is_ca":false},{"name":"F. Buatier de Mongeot","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gert Jakobi","is_ca":false},{"name":"F. Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Prem Lobo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Carlo Mennucci","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. A. Mensah","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jürgen Orasche","is_ca":false},{"name":"Simone M. Pieber","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrê S. H. Prévôt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Benjamin Stengel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Li‐Lin Tay","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marco Zanatta","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ralf Zimmermann","is_ca":false},{"name":"Imad El Haddad","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003834742706867494,"gpt":0.1833776852433925,"spread":0.179542942536525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001667036,0.0003715086,0.0001524207,0.000568442,0.000253091,0.0004974687,0.000202739,0.0002234698,0.001203864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001630514,0.0001004003,0.0001889918,0.0002967378,0.0001534386,0.0002992498,0.0002355774,0.0002341311,0.0003020891],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003194216,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001453211,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01271363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01422452,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998565,0.0000120734,0.000005911353,0.00004332168,0.00004448767,0.00003773452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998695,0.00002726055,0.00002564759,0.000007025502,0.00005462783,0.00001600708],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000777233,0.0001479432,0.1981988,0.0002236833,0.0001085628,0.0002650361,0.0001252848,0.001560209,0.7802711,0.0006899599,0.0006773622,0.0169548],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001559847,0.0002305592,0.6048048,0.00003460194,0.0001243065,0.0002614594,0.0004671089,0.01766771,0.370786,0.000613116,0.004968888,0.00002584031],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934059,0.0006064026,0.001336097,0.00002608023,0.00001312493,0.00001098237,0.0002638628,0.00004535807,0.004292033],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987435,0.0001338917,0.0004094185,0.00001599965,0.000004716885,0.00000281362,0.0002398524,0.000007284332,0.0004425591],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01271363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02527928,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2901182936","doi":"10.1038/s41612-018-0054-4","title":"The different stratospheric influence on cold-extremes in Eurasia and North America","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":181,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; James S. McDonnell Foundation; Freie Universität Berlin; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Polar vortex; Stratosphere; Climatology; Troposphere; Atmospheric sciences; Middle latitudes; Polar; Quasi-biennial oscillation; North Atlantic oscillation; Latitude; Vortex; Atmospheric circulation; Arctic oscillation; Environmental science; Geology; Geography; Northern Hemisphere; Physics; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"Marlene Kretschmer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Judah Cohen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Vivien Matthias","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jakob Runge","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dim Coumou","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0114864924111813,"gpt":0.2305889983020586,"spread":0.2191025058908773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002072369,0.00009074319,0.0001192623,0.0004132446,0.000206602,0.0003797671,0.0001081772,0.00009125168,0.001125337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005941927,0.00004643639,0.0001488603,0.0004495504,0.0001541757,0.0002447594,0.0003344973,0.0001122183,0.00007090382],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003054555,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003177741,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04948903,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08355588,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999137,0.00002212613,0.000005073231,0.00002284885,0.00001336007,0.00002287911],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996976,0.00005691619,0.00009261274,0.00001639186,0.00007702397,0.00005952309],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000194722,0.00001403705,0.9777495,0.00002342261,0.0001580629,0.000107514,0.0004138259,0.0007802352,0.01205734,0.0003133875,0.000288744,0.007899207],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001266146,0.000004382494,0.999247,0.000002804165,0.000007571607,0.000009127546,0.0001657483,0.0002484085,0.0001025609,0.00004220269,0.0001680673,0.000001032158],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986461,0.00009374988,0.00006216317,0.00003675344,0.000002513218,0.000001219169,0.0001923949,0.000002321352,0.0009628976],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995301,0.00005285368,0.00005101244,0.00001162501,0.000003186174,0.000001346364,0.0002029028,0.000001531337,0.0001455184],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04948903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0984019,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3094320853","doi":"10.1038/s41612-020-00146-7","title":"Sea ice and atmospheric circulation shape the high-latitude lapse rate feedback","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":121,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Victoria","funders":"Laboratory Directed Research and Development; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Lapse rate; Outgoing longwave radiation; Sea ice; Environmental science; Latitude; Atmospheric sciences; Albedo (alchemy); Ice-albedo feedback; Climatology; Arctic; Atmospheric circulation; Troposphere; Arctic ice pack; Cloud feedback; High latitude; Geology; Climate change; Drift ice; Climate model; Oceanography; Climate sensitivity; Meteorology; Geography; Convection","authors":[{"name":"Nicole Feldl","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stephen Po–Chedley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hansi Singh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stephanie Hay","is_ca":true},{"name":"Paul J. Kushner","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01165543796216074,"gpt":0.2060341881606074,"spread":0.1943787501984467,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001273211,0.0002074653,0.0002310227,0.0002679979,0.0001874908,0.001022237,0.0001293439,0.0002833501,0.002913394],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006176105,0.0001899366,0.0002020321,0.000176078,0.0002665223,0.0004523674,0.0005831798,0.0002273124,0.000429241],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003182276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002366585,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005797745,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008091082,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999338,0.00001629716,0.00000289882,0.00001544066,0.00001163619,0.00001986107],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998362,0.00005232412,0.00002765583,0.00001057958,0.00003061082,0.00004252477],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001220576,0.000236087,0.5203211,0.0002138761,0.0004238788,0.0007806111,0.001099803,0.04655458,0.3515545,0.01731303,0.003828496,0.05645346],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003578146,0.00008449502,0.9479145,0.00002371119,0.00008089651,0.00009360526,0.0004128538,0.03943104,0.003208204,0.005571284,0.003111827,0.00003179272],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9891131,0.0003138421,0.001291709,0.000253666,0.0000314512,0.000004629496,0.0002240753,0.00008211272,0.008685371],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992197,0.00009402612,0.0001157927,0.00002294153,0.000009822576,0.000001189547,0.00004675652,0.00001152105,0.0004783096],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005797745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01152802,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2944275144","doi":"10.1038/s41612-019-0065-9","title":"Impacts of orography on large-scale atmospheric circulation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Orography; Orographic lift; Numerical weather prediction; Parametrization (atmospheric modeling); Climatology; Environmental science; Atmospheric circulation; Meteorology; Climate model; Climate change; Geology; Precipitation; Geography; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Irina Sandu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Annelize van Niekerk","is_ca":false},{"name":"Theodore G. Shepherd","is_ca":false},{"name":"Simon Vosper","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ayrton Zadra","is_ca":true},{"name":"Julio T. Bacmeister","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anton Beljaars","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. R. Brown","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andreas Dörnbrack","is_ca":false},{"name":"N. A. McFarlane","is_ca":true},{"name":"Felix Pithan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gunilla Svensson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01089793674375125,"gpt":0.2289305149174802,"spread":0.218032578173729,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003494942,0.0002461934,0.000235232,0.0002430156,0.0003736045,0.001057628,0.0002540941,0.0003545325,0.003370226],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001854478,0.0001316608,0.0003107207,0.000377578,0.0009597318,0.001255366,0.001227601,0.0005702624,0.0001943764],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007005612,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005237158,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01742212,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01033025,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997987,0.00009233961,0.00001122721,0.0000407288,0.00002442175,0.00003262965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992353,0.0003781517,0.0001524839,0.00007755852,0.00006016342,0.00009636457],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003838383,0.0002001755,0.3685139,0.0003598674,0.000441246,0.0009892227,0.0003854626,0.5176019,0.01839435,0.05751747,0.005731434,0.02948116],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001508892,0.0001363776,0.5285015,0.000123714,0.000191681,0.0001718045,0.0008089348,0.4087594,0.002941741,0.04629052,0.01181411,0.0001092324],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9586803,0.001170884,0.009687185,0.003152507,0.0001917762,0.00002592961,0.001420891,0.0001774162,0.02549313],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988894,0.000319072,0.0003220784,0.00004771179,0.00002932914,0.000002983022,0.0001097446,0.00001408514,0.0002656145],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01742212,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03464139,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3015490977","doi":"10.1038/s41612-020-0116-2","title":"Sea-spray regulates sulfate cloud droplet activation over oceans","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; Science Foundation Ireland; European Commission","keywords":"Cloud condensation nuclei; Sea salt aerosol; Sulfate; Supersaturation; Aerosol; Sea salt; Liquid water content; Cloud albedo; Sea spray; Atmospheric sciences; Environmental science; Condensation; Oceanography; Cloud computing; Chemistry; Meteorology; Geology; Physics; Cloud cover","authors":[{"name":"Kirsten N. Fossum","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jurgita Ovadnevaitė","is_ca":false},{"name":"Darius Čeburnis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jana Preißler","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jefferson R. Snider","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ru‐Jin Huang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andreas Zuend","is_ca":true},{"name":"Colin O’Dowd","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01306925573667086,"gpt":0.2145230452401081,"spread":0.2014537895034372,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006915579,0.0001618483,0.0002307275,0.0001005048,0.0001092701,0.0003112805,0.0001317483,0.0001277094,0.001199903],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001553398,0.0001065888,0.0001570452,0.00007374441,0.0002174468,0.0001406872,0.0003183948,0.0001869939,0.0001538159],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003632483,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001826337,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003686178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003515585,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999369,0.000008148642,0.00000443515,0.00001813063,0.0000128492,0.00001950363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998666,0.00003150981,0.00003095626,0.00001204443,0.00002480171,0.00003405438],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001777543,0.00001573791,0.004068451,0.00001848246,0.000005021976,0.00002836063,0.00001891605,0.00009480555,0.9949297,0.00002612352,0.00001712064,0.0005994931],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005044306,0.000423073,0.21643,0.000007299589,0.00002279153,0.00006477469,0.0002223179,0.004909072,0.776774,0.0001030174,0.0009800992,0.00001307575],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994825,0.0000963206,0.00009031034,0.00001078461,0.000002716711,0.00000246615,0.00006575608,0.000005861088,0.0002431703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994615,0.00006201353,0.00008331672,0.00000859703,0.000001325735,0.000002490124,0.00007427025,0.000005562688,0.0003009237],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003686178,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007329464,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392363606","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00598-1","title":"One-third of global population at cancer risk due to elevated volatile organic compounds levels","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Canada Foundation for Innovation; Office of the Vice President for Research, Wayne State University; Wayne State University; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Environmental health; Population; Air pollution; Environmental science; China; Global health; Confidence interval; Toxicology; Environmental protection; Medicine; Geography; Public health; Chemistry; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Xiong Ying","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ke Du","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yaoxian Huang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03063161306291016,"gpt":0.3204525435185555,"spread":0.2898209304556453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000411252,0.0003711395,0.000258354,0.0003173705,0.0001841749,0.0004888363,0.0003707583,0.000436146,0.003798301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00100192,0.0001519745,0.001041588,0.0006265703,0.000214781,0.0004157521,0.0009038372,0.0004691381,0.0005386714],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005547675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007739924,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01702084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01121593,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997283,0.00007379403,0.00001100517,0.0000730385,0.00006430362,0.00004963041],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997725,0.00004725541,0.00006407714,0.00003387388,0.00005838008,0.00002385249],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002357809,0.0001006458,0.8586034,0.0003568344,0.0007438848,0.0004295662,0.0002007211,0.0674232,0.004318098,0.004909083,0.009887114,0.05279176],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001055242,0.0004249406,0.7683715,0.0004764217,0.001328533,0.001188196,0.001282224,0.1296154,0.006805148,0.01903463,0.07126657,0.0001008557],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9318229,0.006043172,0.02182914,0.003370083,0.0003196263,0.0001384728,0.01895113,0.0004521863,0.01707329],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933134,0.00133864,0.001225821,0.0002920858,0.00002448099,0.00003893872,0.002637009,0.00001524091,0.001114378],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01702084,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03384358,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4381537869","doi":"10.1038/s41612-023-00371-w","title":"Elucidating HONO formation mechanism and its essential contribution to OH during haze events","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; Youth Innovation Promotion Association; Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Haze; Nitrous acid; CMAQ; Particulates; Air quality index; Relative humidity; Atmospheric sciences; Environmental science; Air pollution; Pollution; Beijing; Environmental chemistry; Ammonia; Chemistry; Aerosol; Meteorology; Atmospheric chemistry; Ozone; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; China","authors":[{"name":"Xinran Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shengrui Tong","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chenhui Jia","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wenqian Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhen Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Guiqian Tang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bo Hu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zirui Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lili Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pusheng Zhao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yuepeng Pan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maofa Ge","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008834572080799671,"gpt":0.2272303616639828,"spread":0.2183957895831831,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002866772,0.000527307,0.000227224,0.0002572396,0.0002644599,0.0003196458,0.0003285229,0.0003364843,0.0004860774],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003193783,0.000172626,0.0003180547,0.0001324849,0.0002479167,0.0007475526,0.0003594685,0.0002878821,0.00006543718],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002843702,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002081362,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008327206,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004633662,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999236,0.000008606944,0.000003742558,0.00002950141,0.00001388255,0.0000207766],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999135,0.0000242503,0.00001868493,0.00001099776,0.00001893488,0.00001366666],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003978604,0.0001731108,0.1546844,0.0003345649,0.0001530956,0.0006083619,0.0002557859,0.07719021,0.7410377,0.001753989,0.0004681653,0.02294274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004889399,0.0001715957,0.1290763,0.0000142242,0.0001027229,0.0000939962,0.0002391339,0.6704627,0.1966996,0.001521763,0.001515212,0.00005389301],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9861925,0.0005447895,0.01175296,0.00007855393,0.00003063952,0.00002617339,0.0001717526,0.00009222626,0.001110419],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990252,0.000095064,0.0006757689,0.000005736193,0.000005275949,0.000004380995,0.00005848228,0.000004500994,0.0001256023],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008327206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01655751,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362581024","doi":"10.1038/s41612-023-00350-1","title":"Enhanced impact of the Aleutian Low on increasing the Central Pacific ENSO in recent decades","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Anticyclone; Climatology; Cyclone (programming language); El Niño Southern Oscillation; Subtropics; Sea surface temperature; Pacific decadal oscillation; Tropical cyclone; Subtropical ridge; Geology; Oceanography; Spring (device); Environmental science; Geography; Precipitation; Meteorology; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Shangfeng Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wen Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bin Yu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Renguang Wu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hans‐F. Graf","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lin Chen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01458915008270019,"gpt":0.2667748671962322,"spread":0.252185717113532,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002530603,0.0001308981,0.0001066303,0.0003739362,0.0002826869,0.0007923613,0.0001420808,0.0001732612,0.001923714],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005455054,0.00004505744,0.0001410395,0.0004402574,0.0001603751,0.0002545442,0.0003692509,0.0002850292,0.0001240806],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005189993,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004039393,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009449398,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0239198,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999127,0.0000139719,0.000006951307,0.00001983804,0.00001772205,0.00002874806],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996557,0.00002741604,0.0001674339,0.00001791537,0.00007236445,0.00005920899],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001221401,0.00005204265,0.9588337,0.0001168071,0.0001515599,0.0003894095,0.0004344285,0.001420057,0.007616733,0.001671493,0.00210253,0.02708891],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002972774,0.00001468392,0.9927217,0.00001638555,0.00002632972,0.00004144014,0.0002609901,0.0008655018,0.0005228046,0.0001681778,0.005355143,0.000003860687],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915065,0.0008730904,0.0002390787,0.0006211494,0.00004960996,0.000003482392,0.0004410508,0.00002295656,0.006243044],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998293,0.000295658,0.00007254822,0.00006862985,0.00004170427,0.000001869526,0.00018485,0.000004052791,0.001037696],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009449398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01878875,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2960991857","doi":"10.1038/s41612-019-0079-3","title":"Extreme wet and dry conditions affected differently by greenhouse gases and aerosols","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Pacific Institute for Climate Solutions; University of Victoria; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, UK Government; Norges Forskningsråd; Goddard Space Flight Center; Grand Équipement National De Calcul Intensif; Sight Research UK; Natural Environment Research Council; Met Office","keywords":"Greenhouse gas; Precipitation; Environmental science; Atmospheric sciences; Aerosol; Atmosphere (unit); Climatology; Climate change; Sulfate aerosol; Greenhouse effect; Climate model; Global warming; Meteorology; Geography; Ecology; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Jana Sillmann","is_ca":false},{"name":"Camilla W. Stjern","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gunnar Myhre","is_ca":false},{"name":"B. H. Samset","is_ca":false},{"name":"Øivind Hodnebrog","is_ca":false},{"name":"Timothy Andrews","is_ca":false},{"name":"Oliviér Boucher","is_ca":false},{"name":"G. Faluvegi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Piers Forster","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew Kasoar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Viatcheslav Kharin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alf Kirkevåg","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jean‐François Lamarque","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dirk Olivié","is_ca":false},{"name":"T. Richardson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Drew Shindell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Toshihiko Takemura","is_ca":false},{"name":"Apostolos Voulgarakis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Francis W. Zwiers","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01255771430769879,"gpt":0.2254660665539122,"spread":0.2129083522462134,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003033361,0.0004003404,0.000556486,0.0003274806,0.0003506725,0.0009457722,0.0004275157,0.0007414829,0.00197474],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006387506,0.0002408947,0.0008054344,0.0004002959,0.0004205231,0.0004975634,0.0004648638,0.0006052984,0.0002236549],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003355331,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003871117,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01416319,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007883059,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998642,0.00003729124,0.000007547985,0.00003662473,0.00001569661,0.00003862477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997633,0.00006999695,0.00004835507,0.00003117426,0.00002868557,0.00005846401],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005028555,0.0003167976,0.1072786,0.0001029686,0.0006171235,0.0002635688,0.0001042248,0.8652163,0.01846581,0.001499632,0.001657373,0.00397473],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004621154,0.0002663759,0.1656317,0.00002143719,0.0001362834,0.0001290434,0.0002225713,0.8226186,0.005769597,0.002473343,0.002193384,0.00007550427],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951257,0.00006551573,0.001021104,0.0001014948,0.00002342822,0.00001653317,0.001119344,0.00009552522,0.002431467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980988,0.00004897449,0.0004676711,0.00004681841,0.00001142539,0.00001821671,0.0009085876,0.00003296588,0.0003666339],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01416319,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02816153,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392886222","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00615-3","title":"Strengthened impact of boreal winter North Pacific Oscillation on ENSO development in warming climate","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Climatology; Environmental science; El Niño Southern Oscillation; Sea surface temperature; Pacific decadal oscillation; Boreal; Precipitation; Subtropics; Multivariate ENSO index; Global warming; Atmospheric sciences; Climate change; Southern oscillation; Oceanography; Geology; Geography; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"Shangfeng Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wen Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shang‐Ping Xie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bin Yu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Renguang Wu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhibiao Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiaoqing Lan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hans‐F. Graf","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0143835376934244,"gpt":0.260871321320381,"spread":0.2464877836269566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003473137,0.0003165597,0.0002115331,0.0001456641,0.0003245123,0.0006130607,0.0001981538,0.0002837021,0.001986369],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005288961,0.0001261683,0.0004056057,0.0001633055,0.0002692868,0.0005296425,0.0004663875,0.0003109578,0.00007803696],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004546047,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005958251,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01652054,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01491158,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999019,0.00003067961,0.000007442691,0.00002317658,0.00001311871,0.0000237531],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998614,0.00002957151,0.00003363028,0.00001174904,0.00002535218,0.00003834211],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006820788,0.0004531955,0.3803743,0.000233048,0.000702736,0.000640217,0.000231562,0.5432839,0.04370862,0.008483372,0.004630834,0.01657618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001565839,0.0002822558,0.4592456,0.0000290492,0.0001613194,0.0001010543,0.0002675338,0.5285001,0.003467727,0.004195224,0.003543355,0.00005012387],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945073,0.0001319418,0.0009285875,0.0002853725,0.0000503712,0.000007423533,0.0003387085,0.00008322154,0.003667007],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995769,0.00004114647,0.000160925,0.00001667964,0.000005877376,0.000003005861,0.0000772494,0.000006328723,0.000111867],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01652054,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03284872,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2808863597","doi":"10.1038/s41612-018-0036-6","title":"Evidence for a volcanic underpinning of the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"North Atlantic oscillation; Atlantic multidecadal oscillation; Climatology; Ocean gyre; Volcano; Sea surface temperature; Geology; Advection; Atmospheric circulation; Thermohaline circulation; Oceanography; Environmental science; Ocean current; Atmospheric sciences; Subtropics","authors":[{"name":"S. D. Birkel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul A. Mayewski","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kirk A. Maasch","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrei V. Kurbatov","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bradfield Lyon","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05189413840017256,"gpt":0.3001982301841704,"spread":0.2483040917839978,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004081147,0.00005719305,0.0001001159,0.000527993,0.0002069163,0.000518735,0.0001660051,0.0002276071,0.001795812],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001820981,0.00008888585,0.0001434053,0.0005134894,0.0002429556,0.0002143745,0.000331153,0.0002121734,0.0001341234],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000212151,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001527838,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009736508,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01547864,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998825,0.00002365613,0.00001183355,0.00003727603,0.00002104086,0.00002369033],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997889,0.0004443213,0.0008956165,0.0001886994,0.0003774522,0.0002048957],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006701065,0.00001235771,0.988517,0.0000132242,0.0000595889,0.00008272043,0.0001581297,0.0001154954,0.005229353,0.000271137,0.0001989487,0.005275047],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001299321,0.000004867431,0.9994224,0.000003206017,0.000006580247,0.00002028175,0.00005268464,0.0001933353,0.00007451843,0.00004781603,0.000171845,0.000001214058],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962007,0.0004369897,0.0002747918,0.0003247692,0.00002063419,0.000003244379,0.0004101896,0.00001206697,0.002316605],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995825,0.00007665671,0.00006919086,0.00003022128,0.00001663123,0.000001548112,0.0001251036,0.000001717432,0.00009645065],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009736508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01935965,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3024114673","doi":"10.1038/s41612-020-0123-3","title":"Non-CO2 forcing changes will likely decrease the remaining carbon budget for 1.5 °C","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Concordia University","keywords":"Forcing (mathematics); Environmental science; Radiative forcing; Greenhouse gas; Climatology; Climate change; Carbon fibers; Atmospheric sciences; Computer science; Physics; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Nadine Mengis","is_ca":true},{"name":"H. Damon Matthews","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009981452749900801,"gpt":0.2162621624111859,"spread":0.2062807096612851,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004188468,0.0005422749,0.0003150549,0.0002285503,0.0003342748,0.0006095524,0.0008441387,0.0007548109,0.004099774],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001118203,0.0002334691,0.0008911989,0.0004410477,0.000357306,0.000801862,0.0002859102,0.0006509222,0.0004334065],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00149275,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008460887,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0270191,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02425628,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998116,0.0000360676,0.0000118803,0.00005275363,0.00003331308,0.00005428555],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972,0.00007793871,0.00004524637,0.00005316829,0.00007992215,0.0000235986],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002449242,0.00008677252,0.03540221,0.0001251109,0.0001554228,0.0001608568,0.00002758494,0.9276393,0.02337084,0.003886947,0.001186998,0.007713065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001585105,0.0002886273,0.1156196,0.00006985044,0.0001692508,0.0001553729,0.0001978357,0.8418152,0.02618079,0.005844233,0.009364885,0.0001357889],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9746855,0.0001881373,0.01167014,0.0004116629,0.00007268822,0.00003424608,0.003107149,0.0002860964,0.009544468],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962381,0.00005153412,0.00222059,0.00007387084,0.000003684532,0.00002508961,0.0008491304,0.0000380569,0.0004998082],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0270191,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05372363,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2980523834","doi":"10.1038/s41612-019-0094-4","title":"Robust observations of land-to-atmosphere feedbacks using the information flows of FLUXNET","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Goddard Space Flight Center; U.S. Geological Survey; University of Virginia; Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Université Laval; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Biological and Environmental Research; Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences; Microsoft Research; U.S. Department of Energy; California Institute of Technology; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Natural Resources Canada; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation","keywords":"FluxNet; Evapotranspiration; Biome; Environmental science; Eddy covariance; Climatology; Precipitation; Atmospheric sciences; Atmosphere (unit); Sensible heat; Arid; Latent heat; Land cover; Ecosystem; Land use; Geography; Ecology; Meteorology; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Tobias Gerken","is_ca":false},{"name":"Benjamin L. Ruddell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rong Yu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul C. Stoy","is_ca":false},{"name":"D. Drewry","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01484065235283968,"gpt":0.2054477808988619,"spread":0.1906071285460222,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001051551,0.0005444351,0.0002997498,0.001314446,0.0002074967,0.0006202887,0.0004168629,0.0005444714,0.0006329556],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004086837,0.0002562594,0.0002398656,0.001051147,0.0002772239,0.001069823,0.0004252458,0.0005392306,0.000134567],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006838823,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004040805,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01369344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01387106,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996901,0.00009109026,0.00001907436,0.00008978261,0.00007922359,0.00003074955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986691,0.0006270408,0.0002513737,0.0001293747,0.0002571104,0.00006595236],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005087717,0.0004015449,0.2738369,0.0001521954,0.0003514668,0.0002384049,0.0001411167,0.6386895,0.01403935,0.003397162,0.004480256,0.06376339],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001257049,0.00004087089,0.05616154,0.000009102158,0.00001445619,0.00001917342,0.00002709275,0.9391502,0.002421838,0.001510421,0.000621047,0.0000116077],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9692886,0.0001428708,0.02145467,0.0002876262,0.00005031125,0.00003825081,0.006321212,0.0009449355,0.001471597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9906204,0.00003115476,0.005591072,0.00001910059,0.00001120327,0.0000207866,0.003517613,0.00002006932,0.0001685638],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01369344,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02722752,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4317662867","doi":"10.1038/s41612-023-00330-5","title":"Inter-seasonal connection of typical European heatwave patterns to soil moisture","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Leibniz-Rechenzentrum; Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften","keywords":"Climatology; Environmental science; Water content; Spatial ecology; Hierarchical clustering; Climate model; Geography; Physical geography; Climate change; Cluster analysis; Ecology; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Elizaveta Felsche","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrea Böhnisch","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ralf Ludwig","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01593050895859176,"gpt":0.2479937357125605,"spread":0.2320632267539687,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000299219,0.0001373504,0.0001142652,0.0006304534,0.0001284351,0.0003429513,0.000141635,0.0001617787,0.0008751049],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006603578,0.00007850861,0.0002185477,0.000573381,0.0001464986,0.0001601098,0.0002133834,0.0001015093,0.0001355696],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002893517,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001527233,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02846183,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03289424,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998922,0.00001918627,0.000006776517,0.00004278172,0.00001750538,0.00002143958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999733,0.00009330326,0.00004576674,0.00003780839,0.00005867348,0.00003140284],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002651307,0.00003527236,0.9382608,0.00003497388,0.0002465945,0.00007573293,0.0001425238,0.03643775,0.00681288,0.0004856126,0.0008674678,0.01633527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004745834,0.00001103086,0.9797406,0.000002649831,0.00001020011,0.00002018656,0.00003868042,0.01921208,0.0004566554,0.00009806994,0.0004003853,0.000004865129],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976809,0.00003113126,0.0008068435,0.000008501979,0.000002317552,0.000003153786,0.0007586018,0.00003752566,0.0006711271],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987803,0.0000127664,0.0002783469,0.000001575832,9.672065e-7,0.000001840548,0.0008404197,0.000004576219,0.00007923743],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02846183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05659235,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4243719504","doi":"10.1038/41612.2397-3722","title":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"","field":"","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Leibniz-Institut für Troposphärenforschung; NOAA Research; Climate Program Office; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Cornell Center for Materials Research; Office of Science; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Chicago; EarthLab, University of Washington; U.S. Air Force; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Universität Leipzig; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Nanjing University; Universidade de Lisboa; Paul Scherrer Institut; Jane ja Aatos Erkon Säätiö; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Research Foundation of Korea; Division of Chemistry; National Science Foundation; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; Beijing Normal University; Universität Innsbruck; Carnegie Mellon University; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; Seoul National University; Young Scientists Fund; Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance; U.S. Department of Commerce; Northern Gulf Institute; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; CERN; National Research Foundation; Tartu Ülikool; Mississippi State University; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Itä-Suomen Yliopisto; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Canadian Armed Forces; Helsingin Yliopisto; European Commission; California Institute of Technology; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; University of Miami; Princeton University; University of Oklahoma","keywords":"Climate science; Environmental science; Climatology; Atmospheric sciences; Meteorology; Climate change; Geography; Geology; Oceanography","authors":[],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01443142171240522,"gpt":0.2832856037274623,"spread":0.2688541820150571,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008860399,0.0008635128,0.0008877965,0.001600824,0.001387945,0.005638215,0.001338449,0.002589591,0.6811391],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006006046,0.0003721882,0.0004484511,0.002146975,0.0006130841,0.002640957,0.001899223,0.003252576,0.5608884],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002342693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003688633,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01263009,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02068646,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993292,0.0000701721,0.00004317562,0.00009428139,0.0003688188,0.0000944241],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974372,0.0003973602,0.0001512942,0.0001926942,0.001163959,0.0006575364],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001663368,0.000008303896,0.00003013583,0.00005270529,0.000001137841,0.000009135942,0.000004360079,0.00004598116,0.00002244166,0.001360539,0.9878127,0.01063602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001010713,0.000003939463,0.0002721453,0.0000590917,0.000001464549,0.000007569892,0.000008203009,0.00008936691,0.00005598228,0.001846389,0.9976421,0.000003652638],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002825908,0.001873145,0.0007415203,0.009260203,0.01848397,0.0001074949,0.04827039,0.001094672,0.9198859],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.002109608,0.001039575,0.000430355,0.001008489,0.001810789,0.00009296022,0.01194178,0.0007512424,0.9808152],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3188609,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4548164,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387097696","doi":"10.1038/s41612-023-00475-3","title":"Improving air quality assessment using physics-inspired deep graph learning","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Science; State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Nvidia","keywords":"Extrapolation; Air quality index; Artificial neural network; Pollutant; Graph; Computer science; Air pollution; Reliability (semiconductor); Air pollutants; Artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Environmental science; Data mining; Meteorology; Mathematics; Statistics; Geography; Physics; Theoretical computer science","authors":[{"name":"Lianfa Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jinfeng Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Meredith Franklin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Qian Yin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jiajie Wu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gustau Camps‐Valls","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhiping Zhu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chengyi Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yong Ge","is_ca":false},{"name":"Markus Reichstein","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04431416067510092,"gpt":0.3195652019720248,"spread":0.2752510412969238,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005044867,0.0009029343,0.0005601686,0.0009781142,0.000228383,0.0004790538,0.001066995,0.0007520209,0.0013347],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001628619,0.0002325016,0.0005325929,0.0004859813,0.0003467686,0.0009743604,0.00083118,0.0008344956,0.0002020768],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007469378,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007478829,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01860901,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02231631,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998196,0.00004290756,0.000007083019,0.00005693377,0.00004717429,0.00002640278],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994162,0.0002775099,0.00007062672,0.00005614477,0.000138962,0.00004059226],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005534775,0.0001226883,0.003815942,0.00004949492,0.00006370869,0.00003637157,0.00002114321,0.9211735,0.004908377,0.001521285,0.0010707,0.06716151],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002092002,0.000005080301,0.0001395103,7.694651e-7,0.000001993788,0.000001186158,0.000001343173,0.9989838,0.000320144,0.0005073707,0.00003534805,0.000001384236],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.2409251,0.0004744728,0.7511888,0.0005326215,0.00009813131,0.00006178267,0.0004042526,0.003543586,0.00277123],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9369476,0.00007119842,0.06149375,0.0001436303,0.00002685234,0.00001776074,0.0003149181,0.00006629167,0.0009180342],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01860901,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03700143,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405616625","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00841-9","title":"Human driven climate change increased the likelihood of the 2023 record area burned in Canada","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Pacific Institute for Climate Solutions; University of Victoria; Canadian Forest Service; Natural Resources Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Climate change; Environmental science; Ecosystem; Human health; Hectare; Extreme weather; Climatology; Geography; Ecology; Environmental health; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Megan C. Kirchmeier‐Young","is_ca":true},{"name":"Elizaveta Malinina","is_ca":true},{"name":"Quinn E. Barber","is_ca":true},{"name":"Karen Garcia Perdomo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Salvatore R. Curasi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yongxiao Liang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Piyush Jain","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nathan P. Gillett","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marc‐André Parisien","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alex J. Cannon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Aranildo R. Lima","is_ca":true},{"name":"Vivek Arora","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yan Boulanger","is_ca":true},{"name":"Joe R. Melton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Laura Van de Vliet","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xuebin Zhang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009521491324020174,"gpt":0.2129627227507015,"spread":0.2034412314266814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002936451,0.0002492781,0.0001494816,0.0004083301,0.001669036,0.001249104,0.0003834257,0.0004161387,0.004428979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001055198,0.0001556957,0.0006173562,0.0009322615,0.0003917935,0.0003793207,0.0005773671,0.0007741229,0.0001971589],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0202319,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01703046,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9912204,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9944772,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997758,0.0000192794,0.000005904909,0.00003833323,0.00006489621,0.00009560163],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995437,0.00006258528,0.00004726064,0.00002106692,0.000201505,0.0001237542],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003734203,0.00008792634,0.8022195,0.00009796654,0.0002862613,0.0004417153,0.0006477645,0.1382522,0.001784463,0.00568113,0.02316923,0.02695833],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004834897,0.00004558438,0.7989331,0.0001013147,0.0001659973,0.0002454764,0.002535211,0.170256,0.001333857,0.003689392,0.02252401,0.0001216363],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9671344,0.001017776,0.001346346,0.002962501,0.0000524297,0.00001947562,0.007215784,0.0001499449,0.02010137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969802,0.0003217864,0.0003341369,0.0001440885,0.000004561981,0.000002030391,0.0007442685,0.00001025819,0.001458622],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0202319,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1467934,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2970351685","doi":"10.1038/s41612-019-0088-2","title":"Long-lead ENSO control of the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation in the East Asian-western North Pacific region","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","keywords":"Climatology; Subtropics; Boreal; Anomaly (physics); El Niño Southern Oscillation; Precipitation; Subtropical ridge; East Asia; Predictability; Western Hemisphere Warm Pool; Tropical cyclone; Oceanography; La Niña; Geography; China; Environmental science; Geology; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"Hai Lin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01374353694911752,"gpt":0.2216909359682514,"spread":0.2079473990191339,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000173931,0.0001528599,0.0001083444,0.0001481522,0.0002279311,0.0003735214,0.00009303098,0.00006109286,0.0007626626],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002826888,0.00006429735,0.0001562591,0.0001315202,0.0001614737,0.0001719589,0.0002817583,0.0001145576,0.00007299509],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003122923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003790973,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.020603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02956614,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999512,0.00001159097,0.000003696428,0.00001286087,0.000007714222,0.00001288269],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998259,0.00001695797,0.00005506901,0.000008894537,0.00003438986,0.00005879152],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005670722,0.0001651841,0.9284609,0.00004831573,0.0002634398,0.0003588851,0.0003587623,0.01144238,0.03373758,0.002274472,0.003301557,0.01902157],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002554435,0.00004766368,0.9829286,0.000005404946,0.00002625785,0.00004586447,0.0001798335,0.01401018,0.0006009,0.0004985533,0.001623904,0.000007282381],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973134,0.00009427148,0.0003124787,0.00008431484,0.00002403025,0.000004060778,0.0001717544,0.00002875101,0.001966908],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996908,0.00003080701,0.00004851289,0.000007619746,0.000006694872,0.000001568108,0.00006191021,0.000003146841,0.0001490133],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.020603,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04096615,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3169586883","doi":"10.1038/s41612-021-00189-4","title":"Multi-annual prediction of drought and heat stress to support decision making in the wheat sector","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ouranos","funders":"Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; European Commission","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Environmental science; Index (typography); Food security; Evapotranspiration; Climate change; Precipitation; Heat stress; Work (physics); Reliability (semiconductor); Climatology; Environmental resource management; Geography; Agriculture; Meteorology; Computer science; Atmospheric sciences; Engineering; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Balakrishnan Solaraju-Murali","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nube González-Reviriego","is_ca":false},{"name":"Louis‐Philippe Caron","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrej Ceglar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrea Toreti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matteo Zampieri","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pierre-Antoine Bretonnière","is_ca":false},{"name":"Margarida Samsó","is_ca":false},{"name":"Francisco J. Doblas‐Reyes","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03319706353946655,"gpt":0.2781837171724826,"spread":0.244986653633016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001274371,0.0002710691,0.0002404193,0.0004467623,0.0001561801,0.0007600521,0.0002459862,0.0003557722,0.000792921],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003255075,0.0001226773,0.0002005451,0.0005248432,0.0001171265,0.0005719095,0.0004297358,0.0004686931,0.0001568084],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000334921,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004180084,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01289264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01193608,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998257,0.00006965809,0.00001755387,0.00003825359,0.00002580175,0.00002316448],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983566,0.0009521756,0.0002545282,0.0001224746,0.0001986901,0.0001155074],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002359973,0.000120249,0.1381535,0.00003439303,0.00009724513,0.00006650072,0.00007245256,0.8309652,0.002697264,0.0005875599,0.0007889618,0.02618059],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004968571,0.00003194273,0.03046482,0.000005308907,0.000007417389,0.000006066618,0.00004495913,0.9682036,0.0005730253,0.0003978834,0.0002534029,0.000006583331],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9759973,0.0001509171,0.02043667,0.0003351231,0.00004229957,0.0000192524,0.0009787553,0.000279977,0.001759703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974236,0.00002963629,0.002138892,0.000009870274,0.000006752307,0.000003401758,0.0002744625,0.000005220177,0.0001081079],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01289264,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02563518,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410191434","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01033-9","title":"Developing an ensemble machine learning framework for enhanced climate projections using CMIP6 data in the Middle East","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Climatology; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Younes Khosravi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Taha B. M. J. Ouarda","is_ca":true},{"name":"Saeid Homayouni","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1103825993914569,"gpt":0.3380889991016879,"spread":0.2277063997102309,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001800723,0.0005651332,0.0004492255,0.0006040187,0.0003509394,0.0007049207,0.000773285,0.0005321405,0.0009267764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002006978,0.0003242219,0.0006401681,0.0005920906,0.0001645745,0.0007952902,0.0007297533,0.0007350546,0.0001753803],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006009412,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001015746,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02171471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0163968,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997478,0.0001246451,0.00001222478,0.00003943713,0.00004490454,0.00003090069],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995669,0.0001803308,0.00004035765,0.00002946514,0.0001566268,0.00002642392],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002115639,0.00002854428,0.002349029,0.00001061318,0.00005486529,0.00002769582,0.00002469063,0.9699343,0.0003789505,0.001563478,0.0003704396,0.02523626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[9.631704e-7,0.000002914323,0.000172898,9.58168e-7,0.00000223747,0.000001083442,0.000003509308,0.9993703,0.00006110781,0.000322784,0.00006006852,0.000001245623],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2893555,0.0003034587,0.7049013,0.0006271653,0.00006032238,0.00005767321,0.0005236575,0.0009718321,0.00319902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8817658,0.0001340941,0.1166391,0.0000468279,0.00004476948,0.00007711255,0.0004955372,0.00003925853,0.0007574676],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02171471,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04317665,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4307894998","doi":"10.1038/s41612-022-00306-x","title":"Health and environmental consequences of crop residue burning correlated with increasing crop yields midst India’s Green Revolution","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Crop residue; Crop; Environmental science; Residue (chemistry); Pyrene; Agriculture; Environmental pollution; Toxicology; Agronomy; Environmental protection; Biology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Tao Huang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jianmin Ma","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shijie Song","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zaili Ling","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robie W. Macdonald","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hong Gao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shu Tao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Huizhong Shen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yuan Zhao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xinrui Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chongguo Tian","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yi-Fan Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hongliang Jia","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lulu Lian","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiaoxuan Mao","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.017654463547672,"gpt":0.2604840801882777,"spread":0.2428296166406057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001165695,0.0001089775,0.00005754262,0.0003580186,0.0001670779,0.0003269703,0.0001225616,0.0001670113,0.002127879],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002897553,0.00005489236,0.0001679454,0.0004726397,0.0001942943,0.0001114779,0.0002577509,0.0003087649,0.0001977154],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003024781,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002485572,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01182142,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01818282,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998966,0.00001591451,0.00000676357,0.00002300966,0.00001973536,0.00003782269],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994091,0.00007818713,0.0003140369,0.00003541893,0.0001039476,0.00005940646],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009596369,0.00003066415,0.9880213,0.00002146676,0.00002333606,0.0001805177,0.0001134785,0.000408576,0.006760633,0.0001184535,0.0002327831,0.00399291],"study_design_scores_gemma":[2.937342e-7,0.00002182036,0.9984077,0.00000257135,0.00000557031,0.00007967486,0.0001638393,0.00008569952,0.0009026125,0.00003576449,0.0002927422,0.000001643075],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.996877,0.0001458638,0.0001522541,0.0001408758,0.000006324975,0.000004285713,0.0007856676,0.00000851448,0.001879128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991722,0.00007900997,0.00005596985,0.00002382673,0.000004530435,0.000001551604,0.0002346359,8.683928e-7,0.0004273717],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01182142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02350521,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2897047528","doi":"10.1038/s41612-018-0051-7","title":"Trends in weather type frequencies across North America","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Climate Program Office; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","keywords":"Climatology; Geography; Environmental science; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Cameron C. Lee","is_ca":false},{"name":"Scott C. Sheridan","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01884523225559867,"gpt":0.2750827798834202,"spread":0.2562375476278215,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002488445,0.0001424746,0.0001493786,0.001773936,0.0002967219,0.0005832526,0.0002433762,0.0001228149,0.001522782],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008228617,0.00009020879,0.0001626821,0.002746999,0.0001752894,0.0003476836,0.0003803948,0.0002543656,0.0001628828],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001010098,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00102049,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3100776,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4687124,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997978,0.00002331298,0.00001740369,0.00005616861,0.00007116234,0.00003427371],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987368,0.0001176566,0.0004033297,0.00005112697,0.0005886309,0.0001024803],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003986739,0.00001520119,0.9821479,0.00005969971,0.00008377562,0.00004380974,0.0006429584,0.0005424382,0.0008395833,0.000342189,0.003067485,0.01217501],"study_design_scores_gemma":[8.606894e-7,0.000003425547,0.9972517,0.000007870261,0.000005428686,0.00001491294,0.0003778424,0.0002111073,0.00008132579,0.00002268418,0.00202083,0.000002033264],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9800924,0.0007085124,0.0002511904,0.0002594579,0.00002425991,0.00001164046,0.01424632,0.00004520692,0.004361034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9872944,0.0008096588,0.0004778641,0.00005576515,0.0000277423,0.00002766648,0.009956561,0.000010673,0.00133963],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6899224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6165455,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3206296688","doi":"10.1038/s41612-021-00203-9","title":"Quantifying non-CO2 contributions to remaining carbon budgets","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Natural Environment Research Council; European Commission","keywords":"Radiative forcing; Environmental science; Forcing (mathematics); Carbon fibers; Limiting; Greenhouse gas; Atmospheric sciences; Climatology; Global warming; Climate change; Mathematics; Physics; Geology; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Stuart Jenkins","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michelle Cain","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pierre Friedlingstein","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nathan P. Gillett","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tristram Walsh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Myles Allen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01042643066341133,"gpt":0.2614850491403899,"spread":0.2510586184769786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001297662,0.0006953418,0.0003634915,0.001236278,0.0002280294,0.0009196251,0.0007279488,0.0003363497,0.001457533],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002908052,0.0002494106,0.0006034105,0.001391089,0.0003252091,0.001268558,0.0007093746,0.0003477734,0.0001973536],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001001004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006964891,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01889835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01818468,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995933,0.00008927064,0.00002862932,0.00009541551,0.0001241217,0.0000692363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984074,0.0006123935,0.0002600109,0.0002093435,0.0004497629,0.00006099841],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00104754,0.0001136084,0.2922226,0.001000617,0.001087104,0.0006272429,0.0003851675,0.5022974,0.09192183,0.02037614,0.00305587,0.08586486],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000481834,0.0001909907,0.5350264,0.0002233323,0.0002733562,0.000268331,0.0002541897,0.3676812,0.05206456,0.02112501,0.02269541,0.0001490903],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9534112,0.001795585,0.02724503,0.0004189,0.00007055561,0.00004975981,0.007113412,0.0003250674,0.009570531],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9914448,0.0004083612,0.004147227,0.00007029885,0.00001816952,0.00003899637,0.002930986,0.0001043281,0.0008368195],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01889835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03757668,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4382721847","doi":"10.1038/s41612-023-00406-2","title":"Stratospheric influences on surface ozone increase during the COVID-19 lockdown over northern China","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Fujian Normal University; Nanjing University; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Ozone; Atmospheric sciences; Ozone layer; Environmental science; Tropospheric ozone; Climatology; Troposphere; Montreal Protocol; Stratosphere; China; Atmosphere (unit); Meteorology; Geography; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Zhixiong Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jane Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xugeng Cheng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mengmiao Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lei Shu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0117102702667261,"gpt":0.2435905295016361,"spread":0.23188025923491,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001647736,0.0002286913,0.0002462711,0.0004928306,0.0004527455,0.0004151956,0.0001800668,0.0002661052,0.0008041181],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000220385,0.000105349,0.0002340006,0.0004230473,0.0003078481,0.0001788212,0.0005546366,0.0002883881,0.00006481927],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009324725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004962795,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06091508,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07556778,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999053,0.000007654889,0.000006192701,0.00002230664,0.00002265043,0.00003582374],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997827,0.00001747465,0.00006556221,0.00001593417,0.00004676689,0.00007162042],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001876431,0.00003452089,0.9703662,0.00003480535,0.00008018535,0.0007201324,0.0004836834,0.0005093065,0.02288323,0.0001117897,0.0003927613,0.004195805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001901656,0.00001426595,0.998875,0.000002029845,0.000007782461,0.00001963526,0.0001261514,0.0002404275,0.0004116942,0.000009329659,0.0002890635,0.0000027537],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992428,0.00006551999,0.00004007281,0.000045229,0.000005437746,0.000003498429,0.0001700471,0.000006441238,0.0004210229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995925,0.0000267294,0.00002598345,0.00001662949,0.000005073445,0.000002703508,0.0002004909,0.000001112032,0.0001286491],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06091508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.121121,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388499267","doi":"10.1038/s41612-023-00513-0","title":"Attributing Venice Acqua Alta events to a changing climate and evaluating the efficacy of MoSE adaptation strategy","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Impact","funders":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; European Commission; Dipartimento della Protezione Civile, Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri","keywords":"Flooding (psychology); Adaptation (eye); Climate change; Sea level rise; Geography; Mediterranean sea; Global warming; Climatology; Mediterranean climate; Climate change adaptation; Environmental resource management; Environmental science; Oceanography; Archaeology; Geology; Psychology","authors":[{"name":"Davide Faranda","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mireia Ginesta","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tommaso Alberti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Erika Coppola","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marco Anzidei","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06932638353658024,"gpt":0.340585837456676,"spread":0.2712594539200958,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001112405,0.0001964518,0.0002197691,0.0004551035,0.0002577615,0.0007314152,0.000236398,0.0002982606,0.000755184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002897368,0.00005312151,0.0002583865,0.00038508,0.000332899,0.0003126987,0.0004014054,0.0003681307,0.00007857129],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006637131,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003242942,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01685692,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03136966,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996206,0.0001810023,0.0000175574,0.00007782542,0.00003933858,0.00006369755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983688,0.0005821608,0.0004902221,0.0001477536,0.0001707627,0.0002403329],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003407532,0.0001213433,0.9830734,0.00001578599,0.0001147022,0.000140571,0.0001082858,0.00849814,0.00164815,0.0001675424,0.0001342761,0.005637108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004718327,0.0002016231,0.9906097,0.000004485561,0.00001718252,0.00002032043,0.0004392159,0.007981914,0.0003660122,0.00007227858,0.0002765953,0.000006032139],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990858,0.00001791303,0.0001105951,0.00002267604,0.000003556746,0.000008335274,0.00008995154,0.000003290105,0.0006578733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996588,0.00001154827,0.0001247488,0.000005953642,0.000002969368,0.000003428593,0.000107469,7.432134e-7,0.00008422482],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01685692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0335176,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391312023","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00568-7","title":"Simulating AMOC tipping driven by internal climate variability with a rare event algorithm","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Ecosystem dynamics and resilience","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; European Commission","keywords":"Climatology; Climate model; Forcing (mathematics); Climate change; Climate state; Radiative forcing; Environmental science; Geology; Meteorology; Global warming; Geography; Oceanography; Effects of global warming","authors":[{"name":"Matteo Cini","is_ca":false},{"name":"Giuseppe Zappa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Francesco Ragone","is_ca":false},{"name":"Susanna Corti","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00293013192538976,"gpt":0.2207414771055868,"spread":0.217811345180197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007381781,0.0003507141,0.0004941619,0.0003813661,0.0003043953,0.0004697588,0.0007726589,0.0006049798,0.0006541465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003123677,0.0001938101,0.0004527196,0.0002418039,0.000460766,0.0004272664,0.0004645428,0.0005307363,0.00005972145],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003652961,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004637676,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007641472,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00422726,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998181,0.00007083701,0.000009354138,0.00003814103,0.00003084007,0.00003268691],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983056,0.001124966,0.000184082,0.0001538064,0.0001316698,0.00009991483],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006563873,0.00004441966,0.006490067,0.0000099952,0.00003780187,0.0000408823,0.00001833923,0.9880061,0.0009825419,0.001067121,0.00008267278,0.003154332],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003324055,0.000007721213,0.0002309517,3.422591e-7,0.000001509643,0.000001896256,0.00000177933,0.9994962,0.0001191341,0.0001193436,0.00001681488,9.989365e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9200242,0.00005055711,0.07838589,0.00008858963,0.00003107411,0.0000243869,0.00009066262,0.0003248788,0.000979943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9877309,0.0000121562,0.01200736,0.00001597407,0.000007602911,0.00001617231,0.00006950535,0.00001855546,0.0001217178],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007641472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.015194,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409802654","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01060-6","title":"Glacier meltwater has limited contributions to the total runoff in the major rivers draining the Tibetan Plateau","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Cryospheric studies and observations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Global Institute for Water Security; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Meltwater; Glacier; Plateau (mathematics); Surface runoff; Hydrology (agriculture); Geology; Physical geography; Geomorphology; Geography; Geotechnical engineering; Mathematics; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Yi Nan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fuqiang Tian","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey J. McDonnell","is_ca":true},{"name":"Guangheng Ni","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lide Tian","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zongxing Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Denghua Yan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xinghui Xia","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ting Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Songjun Han","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kunbiao Li","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01606818666353585,"gpt":0.2479835905468176,"spread":0.2319154038832818,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004908104,0.0002137756,0.0002660828,0.0002637634,0.0003644385,0.000790778,0.0003954195,0.0003395333,0.0007815213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008390913,0.0001737296,0.0003010179,0.0006577302,0.0002814635,0.0004310532,0.0002601056,0.0002934344,0.00007416671],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001110794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001328069,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1053246,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1369139,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999892,0.0000380008,0.000006090636,0.00003404258,0.00001211679,0.00001771065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998564,0.00005418345,0.00001988103,0.00001773425,0.00002445808,0.00002733572],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002713062,0.0001242496,0.3740692,0.00005816397,0.0001745786,0.0001932268,0.0001734322,0.5978519,0.007608081,0.001010086,0.0009361727,0.01752976],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005806951,0.00005061016,0.1360535,0.00001453428,0.00004204847,0.00003253999,0.0001290771,0.8612826,0.0007783673,0.0006973298,0.0008396535,0.00002168329],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976634,0.00006152952,0.001062202,0.00010196,0.000004742362,0.00000348919,0.000357944,0.00007354883,0.0006712561],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986411,0.00004075826,0.0005650473,0.00001984967,0.0000045704,0.000004185252,0.0005306253,0.00001215899,0.0001817697],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1053246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2094231,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4226334904","doi":"10.1038/s41612-022-00252-8","title":"ENSO influence on Bay of Bengal cyclogenesis confined to low latitudes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; Office of Naval Research Global; Ministry of Earth Sciences; York University; Office of Naval Research; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Climatology; El Niño Southern Oscillation; Teleconnection; Tropical cyclogenesis; Cyclogenesis; Bay; BENGAL; Tropical cyclone; Indian Ocean Dipole; La Niña; Oceanography; Geology; Latitude; Southern oscillation; Cyclone (programming language); Atmospheric sciences; Environmental science","authors":[{"name":"Shinto Roose","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. S. Ajayamohan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pallav Ray","is_ca":false},{"name":"P. Reshmi Mohan","is_ca":false},{"name":"K. Mohanakumar","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009860958998185357,"gpt":0.2367102093888075,"spread":0.2268492503906221,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009735323,0.000121516,0.0001249055,0.0003688883,0.0002599524,0.000557359,0.00008734802,0.00005606721,0.002470274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005431048,0.00004976064,0.0001001155,0.0005469035,0.0002075375,0.0002045596,0.0002829463,0.0001110362,0.0002417568],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005714159,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003421337,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05062352,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05488201,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999119,0.00001814669,0.000005301016,0.0000152381,0.0000149395,0.00003459289],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995933,0.00007250734,0.0001305507,0.00002705853,0.00008286065,0.00009376724],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004107709,0.00002885671,0.9668137,0.00006033765,0.00007580736,0.0003569121,0.0006658694,0.001498554,0.01920524,0.0003881396,0.0008065467,0.009689425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002732958,0.00001121628,0.9975504,0.000004661735,0.00001134125,0.00002779115,0.0003598601,0.0006092121,0.0004816304,0.00002964385,0.0009085696,0.000003004617],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968753,0.0000977922,0.0000431174,0.00005435455,0.000006768505,0.000002039018,0.0003604609,0.00001014562,0.002550031],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995609,0.00003709286,0.000007275416,0.000003922728,0.000004769306,8.729097e-7,0.00009961558,0.000001750672,0.0002838498],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05062352,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1006578,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4308948123","doi":"10.1038/s41612-022-00318-7","title":"A new Asian/North American teleconnection linking clustered extreme precipitation from Indian to Canada","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Teleconnection; Climatology; Madden–Julian oscillation; East Asia; Monsoon; Indian Ocean Dipole; Precipitation; Extratropical cyclone; Geology; Geography; Environmental science; Atmospheric sciences; China; El Niño Southern Oscillation; Meteorology; Convection","authors":[{"name":"Bin Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ming-Ying Lee","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhiling Xie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mengqian Lu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mengxin Pan","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01252880978476528,"gpt":0.212166279216482,"spread":0.1996374694317168,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007742883,0.0001239663,0.00007433537,0.0004589214,0.0007537503,0.0005994958,0.000237582,0.000112103,0.001990007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003807186,0.00008554164,0.0001480321,0.0007928568,0.0002814702,0.0001519404,0.0003422092,0.0002828012,0.00006729864],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00226788,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002352575,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7731457,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8421379,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999933,0.000003830149,0.000002246472,0.00001916715,0.00001592704,0.00002571544],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997482,0.00001921465,0.00004178279,0.00001241032,0.0001249331,0.00005341201],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001812652,0.00005063075,0.910248,0.00006790862,0.0001614108,0.001071234,0.001042231,0.00954992,0.03824884,0.00387541,0.006583191,0.02891994],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001048162,0.00001323975,0.9792133,0.00001167228,0.00005270065,0.000127921,0.0009948816,0.01256968,0.002352098,0.0004485814,0.004184094,0.00002134681],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9916169,0.00008264402,0.0008267907,0.0003238886,0.00002101924,0.00001269376,0.0007675189,0.00006673807,0.006281811],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990903,0.00003746127,0.0002136545,0.00003669532,0.000003449858,0.000002444077,0.0001280097,0.000004120529,0.0004837723],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2268543,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4563805,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385381891","doi":"10.1038/s41612-023-00438-8","title":"Combined influences of sources and atmospheric bleaching on light absorption of water-soluble brown carbon aerosols","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Vetenskapsrådet; East China Normal University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Research Foundation of Korea; Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; National Research Foundation","keywords":"Environmental science; Absorption (acoustics); Atmospheric sciences; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Climatology; Photochemistry; Materials science; Physics; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Wenzheng Fang","is_ca":false},{"name":"August Andersson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Meehye Lee","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mei Zheng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ke Du","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sang‐Woo Kim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Henry Holmstrand","is_ca":false},{"name":"Örjan Gustafsson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01116281004615092,"gpt":0.2177801668255953,"spread":0.2066173567794444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003718274,0.000282285,0.0001880208,0.0004069397,0.0001680056,0.0003440296,0.0001388412,0.0001550453,0.0005646785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003778585,0.000194985,0.0002458552,0.0002006117,0.0002294695,0.0003021162,0.0002968119,0.0002216316,0.0001090707],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000323455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001809974,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008463752,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007065692,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999019,0.0000143555,0.000005167875,0.00003961907,0.00002254116,0.00001652079],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972,0.00009244495,0.00006196341,0.00003708341,0.000056221,0.00003222367],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004112564,0.0000319261,0.6131856,0.0000420425,0.0001491304,0.0001270079,0.000109716,0.002597321,0.3764374,0.0001326016,0.00006434359,0.006711585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003990759,0.00004900539,0.9611762,0.000003188207,0.00005793667,0.00003476636,0.00006130173,0.004313449,0.03409554,0.00005277313,0.0001464378,0.000005506139],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991676,0.00007594011,0.0002961483,0.000004740679,0.00000129285,0.00000243204,0.00007917433,0.000009379808,0.0003633294],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997327,0.00002072912,0.0000915588,0.000002336529,8.696858e-7,0.000001150767,0.00005814661,0.000003775006,0.00008876927],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008463752,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01682895,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4304808115","doi":"10.1038/s41612-022-00293-z","title":"Modeling fine-grained spatio-temporal pollution maps with low-cost sensors","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"York University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Computer science; Air quality index; Real-time computing; Air pollution; Scale (ratio); Data mining; Environmental science; Remote sensing; Meteorology; Cartography; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Shiva R. Iyer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ananth Balashankar","is_ca":false},{"name":"William H. Aeberhard","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sujoy Bhattacharyya","is_ca":false},{"name":"Giuditta Rusconi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lejo Jose","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nita Soans","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anant Sudarshan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rohini Pande","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lakshminarayanan Subramanian","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01597189581138083,"gpt":0.2362180365094192,"spread":0.2202461406980384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003772484,0.0005534532,0.0003383039,0.000347779,0.0002138243,0.0007111714,0.0008545626,0.0005815208,0.0006452119],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001564775,0.0004183476,0.000504498,0.0004797411,0.0003991045,0.001025956,0.0005131904,0.0006267157,0.0001148236],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008263946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006037269,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03967399,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03530266,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998459,0.00003124327,0.000009462859,0.00005720255,0.00003003353,0.00002622025],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995311,0.0002320599,0.00008407236,0.00005708826,0.0000746076,0.00002100324],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008927497,0.00001342565,0.001775213,0.000005413335,0.00001026093,0.00001545372,0.000008432964,0.9947789,0.0004103014,0.0004239474,0.00008607475,0.002463637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[7.250122e-7,0.000002060395,0.000337513,3.946875e-7,0.000001145763,0.000001228807,0.000002410546,0.9992146,0.00008284838,0.000323848,0.0000320768,0.000001111024],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5632675,0.0001930123,0.4303435,0.0004723332,0.00007640962,0.00004784694,0.001222295,0.001574189,0.00280289],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9820534,0.00006237751,0.01679955,0.00002743662,0.00001146177,0.00002749186,0.00038562,0.00002774595,0.0006048489],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03967399,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07888609,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3091833241","doi":"10.1038/s41612-020-00143-w","title":"Low Antarctic continental climate sensitivity due to high ice sheet orography","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"U.S. Department of Energy; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Office of Science; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Orography; Climatology; Environmental science; Moisture; Advection; Extratropical cyclone; Geology; Climate model; Atmospheric sciences; Climate change; Precipitation; Oceanography; Meteorology; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Hansi Singh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lorenzo M. Polvani","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0099918372105113,"gpt":0.2203959530677963,"spread":0.210404115857285,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002167368,0.0002889079,0.0002249097,0.0003547208,0.0001830774,0.0007559457,0.000201203,0.000249549,0.002168471],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007477767,0.0001683528,0.0003419172,0.0003753987,0.0004103692,0.0002866917,0.0006008401,0.0002649093,0.0001480166],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004088552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001850132,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006727016,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004460807,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998957,0.0000299298,0.000006272346,0.00002472242,0.00001176669,0.00003149977],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997076,0.00007033337,0.00007277981,0.0000587654,0.00003624881,0.00005419631],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007084849,0.00006738792,0.8267155,0.0001294095,0.0005089934,0.0006468042,0.0001737285,0.0469596,0.1151202,0.00127207,0.0006699017,0.007028048],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028927,0.0001114632,0.9781533,0.000008919663,0.00007121525,0.0001409702,0.0002003422,0.01712618,0.002890938,0.0007179656,0.0005356682,0.00001406135],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984567,0.00006894466,0.000145774,0.00006979462,0.000005515218,0.000002283705,0.0001462719,0.0000154517,0.001089247],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998044,0.00002970032,0.00002617122,0.0000150197,0.000002269979,7.992668e-7,0.0000629606,0.00000190614,0.00005669614],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006727016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0133757,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390669264","doi":"10.1038/s41612-023-00539-4","title":"Volcanic forcing of high-latitude Northern Hemisphere eruptions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Norges Forskningsråd; University of Bern","keywords":"Volcano; Atmospheric sciences; Extratropical cyclone; Northern Hemisphere; Sulfate aerosol; Climatology; Radiative forcing; Geology; Forcing (mathematics); Vulcanian eruption; Explosive eruption; Aerosol; Environmental science; Atmosphere (unit); Middle latitudes; Stratosphere; Climate change; Meteorology; Magma; Geography; Oceanography","authors":[{"name":"Herman Fuglestvedt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhihong Zhuo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew Toohey","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kirstin Krüger","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007911177591737909,"gpt":0.223223712610502,"spread":0.2153125350187641,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002757428,0.0003506705,0.000353617,0.0002096203,0.0004103784,0.0006778067,0.0005092783,0.0008260096,0.001821604],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007481598,0.0002173667,0.000604752,0.0003016258,0.0003487722,0.0003167904,0.0003665826,0.0003824568,0.0001244441],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008964104,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007583032,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0507913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02997713,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999082,0.0000330875,0.000004195433,0.00001889138,0.00001149445,0.00002416005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997751,0.00009816313,0.00003512453,0.00002191084,0.00002974985,0.00003990963],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001191724,0.00006083349,0.03537624,0.00002610554,0.00008103158,0.0001890095,0.00004977611,0.9567461,0.004915238,0.000513466,0.0003046183,0.001618398],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008789222,0.00007842042,0.04062106,0.00000609623,0.00003014914,0.00004516583,0.0000539332,0.9568824,0.001449173,0.0002969085,0.0004328778,0.00001596537],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969014,0.00003785831,0.0005537669,0.00008354529,0.00001076857,0.000006342792,0.0004173416,0.00006319984,0.001925695],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993747,0.00002344482,0.0002272262,0.00001208075,0.000003543708,0.000003924133,0.0001757619,0.000009837731,0.0001693771],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0507913,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1009913,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4381569839","doi":"10.1038/s41612-023-00379-2","title":"Recent increase in the potential threat of western North Pacific tropical cyclones","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China-Yunnan Joint Fund; Hohai University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Tropical cyclone; Climatology; Environmental science; Global warming; Geography; Oceanography; Climate change; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Yi Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Youmin Tang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xiaojing Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiangzhou Song","is_ca":false},{"name":"Qiang Wang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01898241901871765,"gpt":0.2530251325568357,"spread":0.234042713538118,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000338835,0.0002026806,0.00009166945,0.0005865152,0.0002036933,0.0005532717,0.0001339711,0.0002400869,0.000982694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001785922,0.00007643405,0.0001175787,0.0006883129,0.0002987375,0.0005328958,0.0003834142,0.0004263217,0.00008804068],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004429201,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001997512,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01385913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01682019,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998966,0.00001660684,0.000008073846,0.00003116243,0.00003202259,0.00001545553],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99892,0.0001755129,0.0004296938,0.00004784886,0.0003026103,0.0001244238],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000117603,0.0000248707,0.9155823,0.0002507426,0.0001434729,0.0005578167,0.0005135494,0.0161605,0.003931369,0.001788094,0.003655773,0.05727396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003179263,0.00003641758,0.9790157,0.00004144349,0.00004332262,0.0002477352,0.0004896399,0.01389732,0.0005540733,0.000425968,0.005234761,0.00001048112],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9897341,0.001645046,0.001587834,0.0008083702,0.00005247291,0.00000862104,0.0009154214,0.00003053871,0.005217496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983742,0.0006916201,0.0003118636,0.00003313203,0.00005057545,0.000001953098,0.0003238464,0.000002762212,0.0002100076],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01385913,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0275569,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385374930","doi":"10.1038/s41612-023-00412-4","title":"Potential benefits of limiting global warming for the mitigation of temperature extremes in China","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Prince Edward Island","funders":"Science and Technology Project of State Grid; National Key Research and Development Program of China; State Grid Corporation of China","keywords":"Global warming; Limiting; Environmental science; Climatology; China; Frost (temperature); Climate change; Climate extremes; Global temperature; Atmospheric sciences; Mean radiant temperature; Geography; Meteorology; Ecology; Biology; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Junhong Guo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xi Liang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiuquan Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yurui Fan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lvliu Liu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01298745838250437,"gpt":0.2467119616422952,"spread":0.2337245032597908,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001294855,0.0006260975,0.0002690173,0.0004963918,0.0004346491,0.0009291897,0.0006561746,0.0004535204,0.00129331],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001240326,0.0001361042,0.0006583608,0.0008495354,0.0004079257,0.0008713893,0.001064734,0.0003451877,0.0001033524],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001123878,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002119806,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02812289,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03290556,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996516,0.0001276925,0.00002251464,0.00004431909,0.00006057794,0.00009338832],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994807,0.00006861066,0.0001237166,0.00005304598,0.0001647093,0.0001093165],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004611373,0.0002130154,0.5001593,0.0009461734,0.0007516221,0.001431506,0.0005822088,0.3265746,0.03147045,0.01132748,0.007050057,0.1190324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001496642,0.0004580748,0.7581374,0.0001874769,0.0006250834,0.0002383128,0.001669542,0.1954327,0.007700979,0.01061749,0.0246687,0.0001145247],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9790394,0.001777756,0.00558852,0.003113461,0.0001014172,0.00005706406,0.001180765,0.0001915649,0.008950014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977251,0.0004665471,0.0009616633,0.0001603001,0.00002853292,0.00002419464,0.0003731454,0.00000851594,0.0002520423],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02812289,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0559184,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388455919","doi":"10.1038/s41612-023-00496-y","title":"Leveraging global climate models to assess multi-year hydrologic drought","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Hydrology and Drought Analysis","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Manitoba Hydro","funders":"","keywords":"Surface runoff; Environmental science; Climatology; Latitude; Duration (music); Climate model; GCM transcription factors; Climate change; Hydrology (agriculture); General Circulation Model; Geography; Ecology; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Michael Vieira","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tricia Stadnyk","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04482084631372749,"gpt":0.2886541506783979,"spread":0.2438333043646705,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00174622,0.0004367422,0.0002659875,0.0007081477,0.0001804638,0.0007977365,0.0002368653,0.0004245182,0.0003692792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00248353,0.0001541523,0.0004667431,0.000624411,0.0002041099,0.00101758,0.0006344867,0.0003707312,0.00006801083],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005826934,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003998269,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007953119,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01024162,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997043,0.0001712405,0.00001607409,0.00004772941,0.00003323924,0.00002731637],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992348,0.0004155913,0.0001298144,0.00009508838,0.00006750219,0.00005714491],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007689826,0.00005430536,0.1060593,0.00001544104,0.0002192511,0.00004783646,0.00003023485,0.8814414,0.001395335,0.0007310139,0.0003900115,0.009539045],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001457638,0.00005742354,0.03050535,0.000006404803,0.00003661819,0.00001482694,0.00004253536,0.9663042,0.0006774059,0.001925912,0.0003977049,0.00001703583],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9832277,0.00009756634,0.01340569,0.0002246723,0.00001771949,0.0000231376,0.001109131,0.0001732897,0.001721154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963013,0.00003990157,0.003188459,0.00001737205,0.000008096668,0.00001055905,0.0003594097,0.00001275251,0.00006210576],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007953119,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01581365,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402941851","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00778-z","title":"New perspectives on temperate inland wetlands as natural climate solutions under different CO2-equivalent metrics","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ducks Unlimited Canada; The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Temperate climate; Wetland; Natural (archaeology); Environmental science; Climate change; Geography; Ecology; Physical geography; Hydrology (agriculture); Geology; Biology; Archaeology; Geotechnical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Shizhou Ma","is_ca":true},{"name":"Irena F. Creed","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pascal Badiou","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01338055203995147,"gpt":0.2607906621753454,"spread":0.2474101101353939,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005332615,0.0006330986,0.000837275,0.0009127489,0.0006197155,0.004602379,0.001960606,0.002201749,0.004731155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004199354,0.0002296934,0.0009124138,0.0008836009,0.004307957,0.009115717,0.002162656,0.002875883,0.0002650609],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002329893,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001199529,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004123001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006233539,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990742,0.0005221775,0.00002752922,0.0001508236,0.0001112664,0.0001140256],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972674,0.001442741,0.000232639,0.0002770839,0.0004074645,0.0003727281],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001964768,0.0001141818,0.004402581,0.0005523571,0.00009482441,0.0001429441,0.0006308195,0.04207056,0.00263076,0.8527369,0.00824384,0.08818384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002864189,0.0001894947,0.005064813,0.000424972,0.00005766991,0.0001180362,0.001724318,0.08132283,0.001010548,0.8315595,0.0783869,0.0001121141],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2265429,0.1494966,0.2586681,0.1740567,0.004679805,0.0001082819,0.001204738,0.0006920124,0.1845509],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8913453,0.03769094,0.05852092,0.005071585,0.002703299,0.000123958,0.0002410311,0.0002193492,0.004083612],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005332615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02820194,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398174520","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00657-7","title":"Extratropical storms induce carbon outgassing over the Southern Ocean","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Extratropical cyclone; Outgassing; Climatology; Environmental science; Storm; Storm track; Carbon sink; Atmospheric sciences; Forcing (mathematics); Southern Hemisphere; Sink (geography); Oceanography; Climate change; Geology; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Magdalena M. Carranza","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew C. Long","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alejandro Di Luca","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrea J. Fassbender","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kenneth S. Johnson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yuichiro Takeshita","is_ca":false},{"name":"Precious Mongwe","is_ca":false},{"name":"Katherine Turner","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006948936858375389,"gpt":0.218238706915328,"spread":0.2112897700569526,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001693578,0.0001860224,0.0002239435,0.0001737896,0.0001256124,0.0002024427,0.00009597685,0.0001285296,0.0009621081],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000538258,0.0001101863,0.0002567343,0.0001711834,0.0001839143,0.0001176822,0.0002677339,0.0001707736,0.00008237343],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003411496,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002389034,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008689883,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01021679,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999462,0.00001123692,0.000004418798,0.00001177096,0.00001103702,0.00001528526],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996151,0.00009715728,0.0001175097,0.00005146332,0.00004452475,0.00007417251],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007828819,0.0001920261,0.8417401,0.00009907607,0.0002775492,0.0008127798,0.0001513083,0.03016789,0.1161163,0.0001923637,0.00114142,0.008326362],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001835368,0.00005634563,0.9883698,0.000003277971,0.000020155,0.00003271985,0.00007363511,0.008311204,0.002821097,0.00009833161,0.0001907414,0.000004397907],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.999352,0.00002253267,0.00007582893,0.00002398305,0.000003677811,0.000002343299,0.0001288566,0.00002037106,0.0003703464],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997582,0.0000223627,0.00004485904,0.000009199075,0.00000264823,0.000001305667,0.00009992813,0.000002733957,0.00005872808],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008689883,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01727861,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402971089","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00781-4","title":"Global climate change below 2 °C avoids large end century increases in burned area in Canada","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Climate change; Environmental science; Global warming; Vegetation (pathology); Global change; Extreme weather; Fire regime; Lightning (connector); Climatology; Ecosystem; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Salvatore R. Curasi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Joe R. Melton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Vivek K. Arora","is_ca":true},{"name":"Elyn Humphreys","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cynthia Whaley","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006416396442606804,"gpt":0.2138742201737818,"spread":0.207457823731175,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001724207,0.0001965819,0.0001819451,0.000179016,0.001117035,0.0008207588,0.00047069,0.0002655866,0.002056196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005201252,0.0001145761,0.0004185929,0.0004740705,0.0003790784,0.000380984,0.0004080891,0.0004370354,0.0001529072],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01199607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01713127,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9793369,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9893639,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998525,0.000009909551,0.000004180805,0.00002903638,0.00003571835,0.00006858397],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999009,0.000007288602,0.000009328187,0.000008414593,0.00004809936,0.00002586884],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002576542,0.0001422127,0.5303652,0.00008762389,0.000211634,0.0002128326,0.0005145419,0.4120969,0.006434605,0.00889462,0.008272584,0.03250958],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007943877,0.00007977843,0.6642215,0.00005325302,0.000122324,0.0001120862,0.001607466,0.3042767,0.00477404,0.003365404,0.02122082,0.00008707908],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.98033,0.0001126508,0.00295176,0.0004240109,0.00001795596,0.00002362246,0.002974756,0.0001849162,0.01298013],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970374,0.00006886334,0.001060588,0.00004444125,0.000001378081,0.000005334565,0.0008049209,0.00001830405,0.0009586438],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02066314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08703804,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403891467","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00819-7","title":"Indian summer monsoon’s role in shaping variability in Arctic sea ice","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Climatology; Monsoon; Sea ice; Oceanography; Arctic; Arctic ice pack; The arctic; Geography; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Jiawei Zhu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhiwei Wu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01256057415270299,"gpt":0.2344139289810873,"spread":0.2218533548283843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002980812,0.0001974857,0.0001694594,0.0004474871,0.0003406159,0.001063352,0.0002393639,0.0001327605,0.001290519],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005099302,0.0001314134,0.0003553045,0.0006852115,0.0003622088,0.0004051514,0.0005580037,0.0003155635,0.00021988],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003985948,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007775379,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02768285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0435435,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998671,0.00003110183,0.000007676908,0.00002919435,0.00001874195,0.0000462479],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998003,0.0000317886,0.00005511782,0.00002106828,0.00004425139,0.00004755805],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000145629,0.00005373604,0.9435487,0.00008090356,0.0002139182,0.0003605846,0.001079457,0.003009373,0.01833224,0.00219461,0.001874986,0.0291059],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002227667,0.00001124425,0.9955252,0.00001106585,0.00003399659,0.0000522909,0.0005522214,0.001376003,0.0002680389,0.0002896592,0.001864619,0.00001340748],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9878128,0.0009631772,0.0007001822,0.0003963248,0.00004446903,0.000006818129,0.0005798548,0.00005991443,0.009436428],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987994,0.0004001269,0.0001591442,0.00004394526,0.00002765399,0.000002455208,0.0001935793,0.00001501582,0.000358799],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02768285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0550434,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399916446","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00693-3","title":"Halving of the uncertainty in projected warming over the past decade","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Climatology; Meteorology; Geography; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Nathan P. Gillett","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006543510542126179,"gpt":0.2277810605711733,"spread":0.2212375500290471,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004637836,0.0005903899,0.0004651169,0.0007979905,0.0008508101,0.004138633,0.0007112513,0.001355073,0.003631305],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01655135,0.0002222411,0.0005607305,0.001200129,0.0007828231,0.003044326,0.001668912,0.001956457,0.001129975],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002207713,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002691758,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01081187,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008936607,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981098,0.0005108396,0.0001181553,0.0003620106,0.0007221744,0.0001769822],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9954684,0.001736575,0.000641615,0.0002778232,0.001522413,0.0003531436],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009352538,0.0000975709,0.07927834,0.001242324,0.0008015166,0.001220274,0.001716744,0.2437376,0.00718479,0.2776052,0.07335216,0.3128282],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004887429,0.0002355604,0.09364147,0.001198593,0.0003389618,0.001072156,0.002705153,0.09637025,0.008860615,0.301428,0.4937299,0.0003704553],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4121632,0.0555887,0.1207314,0.1498622,0.008502287,0.00004867973,0.0142806,0.001090246,0.2377327],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9642608,0.01501048,0.009109229,0.003778172,0.001356972,0.0000396214,0.00196382,0.0001687986,0.004312208],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01081187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02452755,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390766550","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00563-y","title":"Changes in global DMS production driven by increased CO2 levels and its impact on radiative forcing","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institute on Governance","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Radiative forcing; Environmental science; Dimethyl sulfide; Context (archaeology); Aerosol; Forcing (mathematics); Earth system science; Climatology; Atmospheric sciences; Coupled model intercomparison project; Sea surface temperature; Radiative transfer; Climate change; Climate model; Oceanography; Meteorology; Chemistry; Sulfur; Geography; Geology; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Junri Zhao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yan Zhang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shujun Bie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kelsey R. Bilsback","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey R. Pierce","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ying Chen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01349283756571529,"gpt":0.2628504551097936,"spread":0.2493576175440783,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003352482,0.000369491,0.0001320405,0.0002658701,0.0001415997,0.0003717046,0.0002049942,0.0002433075,0.001328133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007700906,0.0001297437,0.0002960232,0.000354486,0.0002301325,0.0003145342,0.0002657127,0.0002960536,0.0001514911],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005895512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002950201,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01453427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008544561,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999166,0.00002118092,0.000006270742,0.0000253056,0.00001413744,0.00001648425],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997391,0.00009612396,0.00004775047,0.00003328894,0.00006280177,0.00002086256],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004600432,0.0001480594,0.6651144,0.0001214264,0.0003584182,0.0003832201,0.00009961825,0.1818915,0.1329471,0.002344069,0.001549504,0.01458258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002103113,0.00006187704,0.8624945,0.000008107126,0.00004765168,0.00008303423,0.00008435646,0.1118208,0.0231861,0.0008425447,0.00132054,0.000029482],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967389,0.00007113553,0.0008139059,0.0001559709,0.00001299387,0.000003540724,0.0007625651,0.00004859866,0.001392436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993755,0.00003104074,0.0001912466,0.0000166433,0.000003899064,0.000002270174,0.0002771593,0.000006237553,0.0000959168],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01453427,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02889931,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412702925","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01163-0","title":"Challenges in assessing Fire Weather changes in a warming climate","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Climate change; Climatology; Environmental science; Meteorology; Global warming; Warming up; Environmental resource management; Geography; Geology; Oceanography","authors":[{"name":"Antonietta Di Matteo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ginés Garnés-Morales","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alberto Díaz Moreno","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andreia F. S. Ribeiro","is_ca":false},{"name":"César Azorín-Molina","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joaquín Bedia","is_ca":false},{"name":"Francesca Di Giuseppe","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert Dunn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sixto Herrera","is_ca":false},{"name":"Antonello Provenzale","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yann Quilcaille","is_ca":false},{"name":"Miguel Ángel Torres‐Vázquez","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marco Rosselli Del Turco","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01784294830829799,"gpt":0.2694815184578583,"spread":0.2516385701495603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008922386,0.0005672586,0.0005308194,0.0006647545,0.0007098929,0.002464852,0.001254519,0.0007992462,0.001003157],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02247712,0.0002817814,0.0007822951,0.001061662,0.0004664102,0.001791555,0.001005102,0.001280556,0.0002719533],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001437094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002758521,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1294832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1365721,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979755,0.00100442,0.0001497708,0.0003595354,0.0003970077,0.000113693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9948148,0.002445569,0.0006319071,0.0005540196,0.001333104,0.0002206849],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002166993,0.0001284164,0.3632603,0.0006162549,0.001026955,0.0001845129,0.001180929,0.4353739,0.004599653,0.00888172,0.008151839,0.1763788],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007708382,0.0002145013,0.2707729,0.0007472021,0.0002989805,0.0002794862,0.003271259,0.6404886,0.005057776,0.03197327,0.04650614,0.0003129011],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7139115,0.006224886,0.224436,0.00961108,0.001039621,0.0002721286,0.007498088,0.001826598,0.03518014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9382325,0.001032992,0.05775111,0.0005420891,0.0001715634,0.00007451241,0.001583777,0.0001506296,0.0004607677],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1294832,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2574591,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408136224","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00948-7","title":"Moderate climate sensitivity due to opposing mixed-phase cloud feedbacks","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada","keywords":"Climate sensitivity; Environmental science; Sensitivity (control systems); Phase (matter); Mixed phase; Climatology; Atmospheric sciences; Climate change; Meteorology; Climate model; Geography; Geology; Physics; Oceanography; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Ivy Tan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Chen Zhou","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aubert Lamy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Catherine L. Stauffer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007581500318002349,"gpt":0.2637717399442207,"spread":0.2561902396262183,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004940176,0.0004002513,0.000269888,0.0002657874,0.0002894323,0.0008088683,0.000539538,0.0004639923,0.001291609],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001834293,0.0002465624,0.0006074289,0.0002446759,0.0003791246,0.0009039509,0.001043322,0.0006012311,0.0001076697],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004689881,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002415055,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005160904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003579678,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996499,0.00007787343,0.00002125588,0.0001265404,0.00005280801,0.00007164274],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994624,0.0002129138,0.00008224951,0.00009134639,0.00007717907,0.00007393894],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00124775,0.0002563767,0.2272902,0.0003148538,0.0009027323,0.0005374276,0.0003848917,0.4789438,0.2603414,0.01119563,0.001492436,0.01709251],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001957356,0.0003822662,0.3213298,0.00004368056,0.0004129249,0.000300525,0.0003420052,0.6127143,0.05060916,0.009544811,0.003990758,0.0001340434],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933131,0.0001173145,0.003747928,0.000177,0.00002711623,0.00001107531,0.0002780817,0.000113921,0.002214386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995397,0.00001717516,0.0002553602,0.00003291768,0.000004228215,0.000003824796,0.00007405977,0.000009445683,0.00006321741],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005160904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01026171,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400602116","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00712-3","title":"Pan-Arctic methanesulfonic acid aerosol: source regions, atmospheric drivers, and future projections","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Cornell Center for Materials Research; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Canadian Armed Forces","keywords":"Methanesulfonic acid; Environmental science; Aerosol; Climatology; Atmospheric sciences; Arctic; Dimethyl sulfide; Downwelling; Precipitation; Sea surface temperature; Oceanography; Meteorology; Geography; Upwelling; Chemistry; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Jakob Pernov","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eliza Harris","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michele Volpi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tamara Baumgartner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Benjamin Hohermuth","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stephan Henne","is_ca":false},{"name":"William H. Aeberhard","is_ca":false},{"name":"Silvia Becagli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patricia K. Quinn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rita Traversi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lucia M. Upchurch","is_ca":false},{"name":"Julia Schmale","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009731198929040508,"gpt":0.2268156648842494,"spread":0.2170844659552089,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006749076,0.0005087281,0.000243663,0.0006412172,0.0002188466,0.0006859259,0.0002984973,0.0003766131,0.001387661],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004167659,0.0001424805,0.0007626481,0.000894351,0.0001028861,0.0004626161,0.0002894066,0.0003878649,0.000328635],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008098492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009984024,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07163512,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08545856,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999926,0.00002114562,0.000004679213,0.0000168172,0.00001584148,0.00001551597],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997244,0.00002889201,0.00004419595,0.00001183299,0.0001349202,0.00005566734],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002319943,0.0001294032,0.8163543,0.0002097668,0.0005791388,0.0003648938,0.000102278,0.1403722,0.006864218,0.003363494,0.004977089,0.02645117],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004134526,0.00008335183,0.5464367,0.0000934303,0.0003227894,0.00009272815,0.0005290136,0.435632,0.002227471,0.004146542,0.01034826,0.00004642702],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9762408,0.001692428,0.005706436,0.001438136,0.0001115623,0.00001546122,0.01175477,0.0002681447,0.002772206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.988853,0.0009064419,0.003443584,0.00006348291,0.00004474544,0.00001315914,0.006044915,0.00002409411,0.0006065105],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07163512,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1424363,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399871767","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00696-0","title":"Stronger Arctic amplification from anthropogenic aerosols than from greenhouse gases","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Greenhouse gas; Arctic; Atmospheric sciences; The arctic; Aerosol; Climatology; Meteorology; Oceanography; Geography; Geology","authors":[{"name":"You‐Ting Wu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yu‐Chiao Liang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael Previdi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lorenzo M. Polvani","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mark England","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael Sigmond","is_ca":true},{"name":"Min‐Hui Lo","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01009193448058979,"gpt":0.2333623827747918,"spread":0.223270448294202,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005051006,0.0003301697,0.0003952073,0.0003707915,0.0003802753,0.0008585042,0.0002096625,0.0002720643,0.002427867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001143388,0.0001918962,0.0006622666,0.0004042302,0.0004067642,0.0003973616,0.0009791417,0.0003753092,0.0001548385],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004709714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00049607,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01874931,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01722084,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997585,0.00006149021,0.00001645037,0.00005929012,0.00003869187,0.00006549476],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999572,0.0001800105,0.00008019721,0.00004876604,0.00005436703,0.00006470273],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00100523,0.000250086,0.5574691,0.0002347509,0.00111887,0.0008861198,0.0003118834,0.3783996,0.04396837,0.003767336,0.002218015,0.01037063],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001950599,0.0002985111,0.6206455,0.00005321323,0.0003120639,0.0002285733,0.0005706555,0.3611294,0.01085191,0.003117702,0.002529397,0.00006796639],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.996353,0.00009177694,0.0003315135,0.0001379955,0.00001586697,0.00000319152,0.0001418506,0.00003217099,0.002892653],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996595,0.0000240297,0.00006851373,0.00001873474,0.000005106678,0.000001336237,0.00008167873,0.000004688521,0.0001364841],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01874931,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03728032,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399363105","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00668-4","title":"Decomposition of physical processes controlling EASM precipitation changes during the mid-Piacenzian: new insights into data–model integration","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Geology and Paleoclimatology Research","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences; EarthLab, University of Washington; China Meteorological Administration; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Precipitation; Environmental science; Climatology; Subtropics; Climate model; Proxy (statistics); Climate change; Atmospheric sciences; Geology; Meteorology; Oceanography; Geography; Computer science; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Yong Sun","is_ca":false},{"name":"Haibin Wu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lin Ding","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lixin Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christian Stepanek","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yan Zhao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ning Tan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Baohuang Su","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiayu Yuan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wenchao Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bo Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stephen J. Hunter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alan M. Haywood","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ayako Abe‐Ouchi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bette L. Otto‐Bliesner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Camille Contoux","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel J. Lunt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aisling M. Dolan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Deepak Chandan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gerrit Lohmann","is_ca":false},{"name":"Harry J. Dowsett","is_ca":false},{"name":"Julia C. Tindall","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michiel Baatsen","is_ca":false},{"name":"W. R. Peltier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Qiang Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ran Feng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ulrich Salzmann","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wing-Le Chan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhongshi Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Charles J. R. Williams","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gilles Ramstein","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02410890280756883,"gpt":0.2969576409828669,"spread":0.2728487381752981,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007892505,0.0007213345,0.0006399156,0.0004731953,0.0004360739,0.001149314,0.001230272,0.0007353587,0.001512261],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001792319,0.0004642433,0.0009814687,0.0006270088,0.0005758387,0.0008759922,0.0008981824,0.0009737436,0.0001430776],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001286789,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001222678,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05210631,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02472099,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998364,0.00004884127,0.00001264726,0.0000545828,0.00002127634,0.00002617668],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997537,0.00009805146,0.00003342775,0.00005378986,0.00003722806,0.00002391855],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009640231,0.00007072606,0.02439664,0.00004210377,0.0002397206,0.00008537848,0.00006908835,0.9625232,0.004157235,0.002703124,0.0003533673,0.005263009],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000352669,0.00001199076,0.007884348,0.000005348104,0.00002110976,0.000005620647,0.00002200828,0.9904886,0.0004042135,0.0007715385,0.0003399655,0.000009950818],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9691095,0.0002826827,0.02409089,0.0006209871,0.00005186061,0.00004602415,0.001534212,0.0003212604,0.003942566],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953154,0.00008596814,0.003713685,0.00003419759,0.00001565826,0.00003317013,0.0005342229,0.00006368171,0.0002039759],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05210631,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.103606,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400227142","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00646-w","title":"Can climate change signals be detected from the terrestrial water storage at daily timescale?","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Global Water Futures; Canada First Research Excellence Fund","keywords":"Environmental science; Climate change; Water cycle; Global warming; Climatology; Global change; Downscaling; Global temperature; Mean radiant temperature; Geology; Oceanography; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Fei Huo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Li Xu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhenhua Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yanping Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. S. Famiglietti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hrishi A. Chandanpurkar","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03027020742894292,"gpt":0.2274793070104897,"spread":0.1972090995815468,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006601244,0.0002314272,0.0002805007,0.0005485545,0.0002165567,0.0008960454,0.0004062823,0.0004486679,0.001295054],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002957509,0.0001478562,0.0004246348,0.001003007,0.0004235432,0.001323539,0.0004782412,0.0005285892,0.0002322074],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003206976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003474246,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008331491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008083737,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998541,0.0000413769,0.000007550198,0.00005458397,0.00002169468,0.00002067822],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994915,0.0001967969,0.0001105781,0.00007225353,0.00007650309,0.00005238685],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002257178,0.0001542677,0.7494205,0.0002145323,0.0005804853,0.000241509,0.0002777321,0.1487641,0.01590682,0.007800435,0.005573911,0.07084007],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002117785,0.00005154555,0.3857784,0.00004723878,0.00008774643,0.00005700395,0.0003192831,0.5945234,0.003082817,0.01152962,0.004435373,0.00006642489],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9763713,0.0006291268,0.01671456,0.001688182,0.0001393089,0.00001161926,0.001554879,0.0002305893,0.002660472],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980823,0.0001096372,0.001170458,0.0000613888,0.000037686,0.000004414816,0.0004196662,0.00001972212,0.00009472515],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008331491,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01656598,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2796196117","doi":"10.1038/s41612-018-0015-y","title":"Reflections on the CLIVAR Early Career Scientists Symposium 2016","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"China; Political science; Engineering ethics; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Neil C. Swart","is_ca":true},{"name":"Julius Busecke","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gaby S. Langendijk","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kevin A. Reed","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sarah M. Kang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Erik Behrens","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ariane Frassoni","is_ca":false},{"name":"Noël Baker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jonathan V. Durgadoo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Victor Nnamdi Dike","is_ca":false},{"name":"Debashis Nath","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03325099971935342,"gpt":0.2898937506918226,"spread":0.2566427509724692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.08512185,0.001613095,0.001070242,0.001630218,0.009537932,0.02080854,0.00587125,0.02525068,0.01796534],"category_scores_gemma":[0.05143601,0.0008628951,0.002540448,0.001351499,0.005793508,0.008823236,0.02131757,0.03509254,0.008303192],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01170887,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03043012,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01357823,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01692376,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9688682,0.0101601,0.00126957,0.002215673,0.009568528,0.007917994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9597813,0.008322557,0.002080628,0.001965983,0.009846942,0.01800264],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001328936,0.00008253359,0.000613408,0.0002606268,0.00001652351,0.0002865987,0.001919212,0.0001951147,0.0003270645,0.01534435,0.9720644,0.008757165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001808927,0.00003181237,0.0004035872,0.0002152098,0.000004135413,0.00003897068,0.001146366,0.00003966286,0.0001934539,0.001843447,0.996039,0.00002618322],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.004096018,0.01145269,0.0006646703,0.8826584,0.07427194,0.00008873424,0.0005868327,0.0001348924,0.02604585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1027375,0.01459733,0.004398839,0.685649,0.05303866,0.0005379903,0.001251237,0.000984516,0.1368049],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08512185,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4501727,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}