{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":51,"max_per_page":100,"total":51,"filters":{"contested_only":true},"summary":{"n_screened":1000,"any_model_said_in":51,"all_three_agreed":19,"pct_all_three":37.3,"one_model_only":24,"pct_single_model":47.1,"note":"Of the 51 works ANY model called metaresearch, only 19 (37.3%) were called metaresearch by all three. The sample is stratified: any rate computed from it must use the design weight.","tiers":"T1 (core metaresearch) and T2 (metaresearch) count as IN SCOPE. T3 is ADJACENT and does NOT: n_in counts T1 and T2 only. Treating \"tier != OUT\" as in-scope will give you a per-model count larger than the union of all three, which is impossible.","per_model_in_scope":[{"model":"Claude Opus 4.8","called_in":42},{"model":"GPT-5.6 (high)","called_in":31},{"model":"Grok 4.5","called_in":24}]}},"results":[{"id":"W2006871610","title":"Replication Attempt: “Effect of BMAP-28 Antimicrobial Peptides on Leishmania Major Promastigote and Amastigote Growth: Role of Leishmanolysin in Parasite Survival”","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"PLoS ONE","topic":"Research on Leishmaniasis Studies","field":"Medicine","stratum":"fund_new","stratum_n":167890,"weight":1678.9,"n_in":3,"opus":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"A direct replication submitted to the Reproducibility Initiative to independently validate a published result; framed as reproducibility work, though its immediate object is a specific biological claim."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"This reports an attempted replication and independent validation of prior experiments, making reproducibility the object of study."},"grok":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Independent replication attempt submitted to the Reproducibility Initiative; primary object is whether prior results replicate."}},{"id":"W2024887450","title":"Using document delivery data for selecting medical titles in a large STM library: the experience of CISTI","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Interlending & Document Supply","topic":"Medical Research and Practices","field":"Health Professions","stratum":"about_only","stratum_n":664248,"weight":3321.24,"n_in":3,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":true,"confidence":"high","reason":"Library and information science study using document delivery and serials usage data to guide collection development at Canada's national science library; the object is how a research library serves researchers."},"gpt":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":true,"confidence":"high","reason":"It studies information-use and collection-development practices in the Canadian scientific research library system."},"grok":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":true,"confidence":"high","reason":"LIS collection-development study using document-delivery data at CISTI, a Canadian STM research library."}},{"id":"W2083426277","title":"Do open label blinded outcome studies of novel anticoagulants versus warfarin have equivalent validity to those carried out under double-blind conditions?","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Thrombosis and Haemostasis","topic":"Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes","field":"Medicine","stratum":"aff_core","stratum_n":2238095,"weight":5595.2375,"n_in":3,"opus":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Meta-epidemiological comparison of PROBE versus double-blind trial designs and whether design affects estimated effects; the object is study design and its validity."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"The object is whether different clinical trial designs have equivalent validity, which directly studies research methods."},"grok":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Primary object is clinical-trial design validity (PROBE vs double-blind), i.e. research methods properties."}},{"id":"W2105246013","title":"Ethical issues in empirical studies of software engineering","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","topic":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","field":"Computer Science","stratum":"fund_new","stratum_n":167890,"weight":1678.9,"n_in":3,"opus":{"tier":"T1","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Article on the ethical issues raised by empirical research methods in software engineering; the object is research conduct and integrity in an empirical research literature."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"It directly examines ethical issues in empirical software-engineering research."},"grok":{"tier":"T1","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Primary object is ethics of empirical software engineering research methods and human-subjects research practice."}},{"id":"W2725582646","title":"Training graduate students and postdocs in course design: A workshop to bridge the gap between new professors’ pedagogical background and institutions’ teaching requirements","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scholarship@Western (Western University)","topic":"Evaluation of Teaching Practices","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"about_only","stratum_n":664248,"weight":3321.24,"n_in":3,"opus":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Evaluates a workshop preparing graduate students and postdocs for academic careers, with survey data on their readiness and competitiveness for academic positions; the object is the training and careers of the research workforce."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"The work evaluates training and career preparation for graduate students and postdocs as members of the research workforce."},"grok":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Evaluates a workshop training graduate students and postdocs for academic teaching careers; research workforce training and capacity."}},{"id":"W2888845521","title":"A bibliometric analysis of the research hotspots in the applications of internet searches in breast cancer patients (Preprint)","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JMIR Cancer","topic":"Social Media in Health Education","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"venue_new","stratum_n":402637,"weight":2684.24666666667,"n_in":3,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Bibliometric analysis of research hotspots in a literature on internet searches in breast cancer; the method is bibliometric and the object is a body of research output, matching the borderline bibliometric case."},"gpt":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"The bibliometric analysis studies a research literature and its hotspots, making research output the object rather than merely using bibliometrics."},"grok":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Bibliometric mapping of research hotspots on internet-search applications in breast cancer; studies a research literature, borderline T2."}},{"id":"W2901282154","title":"Statute-Based Protections for Research Participant Confidentiality: Implications of the US Experience for Canada","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Law and Society / Revue Canadienne Droit et Société","topic":"Ethics in Clinical Research","field":"Medicine","stratum":"about_only","stratum_n":664248,"weight":3321.24,"n_in":3,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":true,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Comparative legal analysis of statute-based protections for research participant confidentiality, drawing lessons from US instruments for the Canadian context; the object is how research is governed and regulated in Canada, which is research policy analysis (a reasonable coder could call this core T1)."},"gpt":{"tier":"T2","genre":"policy","about_ca":true,"confidence":"medium","reason":"The paper analyzes legal protections governing research participants and their application to the Canadian research context."},"grok":{"tier":"T1","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":true,"confidence":"high","reason":"Analyzes statute-based legal protections for research participant confidentiality, comparing US models for Canadian research governance."}},{"id":"W2965687105","title":"Challenges in conducting long-term outcomes studies in critical care","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Current Opinion in Critical Care","topic":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","field":"Medicine","stratum":"aff_core","stratum_n":2238095,"weight":5595.2375,"n_in":3,"opus":{"tier":"T1","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Review of the methodological challenges of long-term follow-up studies in critical care: attrition, missing data, lack of standardized outcomes and covariate reporting, and proposed methodological solutions; the object is how this research is done."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"It directly examines methodological challenges in conducting long-term critical-care outcome studies."},"grok":{"tier":"T1","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Review of methodological challenges in conducting and completing long-term critical care outcomes research."}},{"id":"W2977629353","title":"Ethnic Ancestry, Culture, Identity, and Health: Using Ethnic Origin Data from the 2001 Canadian Census","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian ethnic studies","topic":"Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations","field":"Health Professions","stratum":"venue_new","stratum_n":402637,"weight":2684.24666666667,"n_in":3,"opus":{"tier":"T1","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":true,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Analytic paper on the use of Canadian census ethnic origin data in health research: how the question is formulated, the conceptual and methodological challenges for data usage, and recommendations for future research."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"It examines the definition, linkage, and methodological use of ethnicity data in health research."},"grok":{"tier":"T1","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":true,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Analyzes methods and uses of Canadian ethnic-origin census data as inputs to health research."}},{"id":"W3217173913","title":"Green and Sustainable Life Insurance: A Bibliometric Review","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of risk and financial management","topic":"Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","stratum":"venue_new","stratum_n":402637,"weight":2684.24666666667,"n_in":3,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Bibliometric co-word analysis of the published literature on risk management and sustainability in insurance; bibliometric method whose object is a research literature and its trends."},"gpt":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"It uses bibliometric analysis to study a body of published research, making it adjacent metaresearch."},"grok":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Bibliometric review maps a research literature on green life insurance; object is publication patterns, borderline domain map."}},{"id":"W408743753","title":"Generation X Global City Leaders: An emerging process for examining leadership experience in multi-national, multi-layer comparative perspective","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative and International Education","topic":"Teacher Education and Leadership Studies","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"venue_new","stratum_n":402637,"weight":2684.24666666667,"n_in":3,"opus":{"tier":"T1","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Methodological reflection on how to conduct multi-jurisdiction comparative leadership research: forming research consortia, designing the study, working with advisory groups; the object is research practice itself."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"The primary object is the practice and methods of conducting comparative educational leadership research."},"grok":{"tier":"T1","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Primary object is methods and pragmatics of conducting comparative educational leadership research across jurisdictions."}},{"id":"W4298860546","title":"Ophthalmology on social networking sites: an observational study of Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","topic":"Social Media in Health Education","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"about_only","stratum_n":664248,"weight":3321.24,"n_in":3,"opus":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Observational study of the social media presence and reach of ophthalmology journals, associations and publications; the object is scholarly and professional dissemination practice."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"It studies how ophthalmology journals and professional organizations use social media for scholarly dissemination."},"grok":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Observational study of ophthalmology journals and associations on social platforms; object is scholarly communication."}},{"id":"W4299558177","title":"Enquête sur les initiatives canadiennes et internationales en matière de la gestion des données","year":2008,"lang":"fr","type":"report","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","field":"Computer Science","stratum":"french","stratum_n":233170,"weight":1554.46666666667,"n_in":3,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":true,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Research library association survey of Canadian and international research data management initiatives and the roles open to libraries; LIS and research data infrastructure, with the Canadian landscape as a substantive object."},"gpt":{"tier":"T2","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":true,"confidence":"high","reason":"This report maps Canadian and international research data management initiatives and library roles, making research infrastructure its object."},"grok":{"tier":"T2","genre":"policy","about_ca":true,"confidence":"high","reason":"Landscape report of Canadian and international research data management initiatives and library roles; research infrastructure/LIS with Canada as substantive object."}},{"id":"W4314446218","title":"Les défis informationnels pour les étudiants au doctorat en médecine au Burkina Faso","year":2023,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science","topic":"scientometrics and bibliometrics research","field":"Decision Sciences","stratum":"french","stratum_n":233170,"weight":1554.46666666667,"n_in":3,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"LIS study of the information behavior and information-seeking barriers of medical doctoral students writing their theses in Burkina Faso."},"gpt":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"It studies how medical doctoral students, as researchers, find and use scholarly information."},"grok":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"LIS study of how medical doctoral students seek and access scholarly information for theses, squarely information behaviour of researchers."}},{"id":"W4384213045","title":"Les grandes étapes du développement des sciences au Canada","year":2019,"lang":"fr","type":"book-chapter","venue":"McGill-Queen's University Press eBooks","topic":"scientometrics and bibliometrics research","field":"Decision Sciences","stratum":"french","stratum_n":233170,"weight":1554.46666666667,"n_in":3,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":true,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Book chapter on the major stages of the development of science in Canada; the object is the Canadian science system itself, though no abstract is available."},"gpt":{"tier":"T2","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":true,"confidence":"low","reason":"The title suggests a historical account of the development of science in Canada, but the abstract is missing."},"grok":{"tier":"T2","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":true,"confidence":"low","reason":"Title indicates history of science development in Canada (HPS/STS-adjacent study of science as a system); no abstract to confirm framing."}},{"id":"W4408826471","title":"L’« oubli » des femmes comme sujets pensants","year":2024,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Philosophiques","topic":"Multiculturalism, Politics, Migration, Gender","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"french","stratum_n":233170,"weight":1554.46666666667,"n_in":3,"opus":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":true,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Analyzes the representation of women authors in the Quebec journal Philosophiques over fifty years through the lens of epistemic injustice; the object is authorship and workforce equity in a Canadian scholarly venue."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"This examines women’s authorship and representation in a scholarly journal, making scholarly communication and research workforce equity the objects of study."},"grok":{"tier":"T1","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":true,"confidence":"high","reason":"Analyzes women's underrepresentation as authors in Philosophiques and epistemic injustice in scholarly publishing; equity of the research workforce and a Canadian journal as object."}},{"id":"W6902383660","title":"Charity Open Access Fund (COAF) open access spend and compliance monitoring: 2017-18","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Figshare","topic":null,"field":null,"stratum":"about_only","stratum_n":664248,"weight":3321.24,"n_in":3,"opus":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Dataset of a funder consortium's open access spend, article processing charges, licences and repository compliance; the object is open access publishing and funder compliance."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"other","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"The dataset studies open-access publishing expenditure and compliance practices."},"grok":{"tier":"T1","genre":"other","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Dataset of open-access spend and licence/repository compliance for funded papers; scholarly communication is the object."}},{"id":"W6986356256","title":"Paulin Hountondji and the Science Question in Africa","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation)","topic":"African cultural and philosophical studies","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"fund_new","stratum_n":167890,"weight":1678.9,"n_in":3,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Philosophy/STS book reconstructing Hountondji's account of modern science in Africa, its entanglement with colonialism and the social organization of scientific knowledge; science as a social system is the object."},"gpt":{"tier":"T2","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"The book examines modern science as a social and historical system in relation to colonialism."},"grok":{"tier":"T2","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Philosophy/STS reconstruction of Hountondji on modern science, colonialism, and science in Africa."}},{"id":"W7125374003","title":"Inventaire des profils et des spécialisations des professeurs évoluant au sein des facultés ou des départements des sciences de l’éducation au Québec","year":2024,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue des sciences de l éducation","topic":"Education, sociology, and vocational training","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"french","stratum_n":233170,"weight":1554.46666666667,"n_in":3,"opus":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":true,"confidence":"high","reason":"Inventory of the training profiles and research specializations of professors in Quebec faculties of education, documenting shrinking disciplinary diversity and a shift away from the foundations; the object is the composition of an academic research workforce in Canada."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":true,"confidence":"high","reason":"The primary object is the Canadian research workforce, including professors' training, research fields, and specialization patterns."},"grok":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":true,"confidence":"high","reason":"Inventory of Québec education-faculty professors’ profiles and research specializations; research workforce as object."}},{"id":"W2041165583","title":"La méthodologie au service de l'avancement des connaissances en matière de jeux de hasard et d'argent","year":2012,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Gambling Issues","topic":"Gambling Behavior and Treatments","field":"Psychology","stratum":"french","stratum_n":233170,"weight":1554.46666666667,"n_in":2,"opus":{"tier":"T1","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Reviews longitudinal, experimental, and genetic study designs and what they enable for advancing gambling knowledge; the object is research methodology and study design, though it is field-oriented."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"This explicitly examines research methodologies used to advance knowledge in gambling studies."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Reviews longitudinal, experimental, and genetic methods as tools to advance gambling knowledge; domain methods guidance, not study of research itself."}},{"id":"W2070748491","title":"Représentations mentales maternelles : concepts et mesures liés à l’attachement","year":2009,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Enfance","topic":"Attachment and Relationship Dynamics","field":"Psychology","stratum":"french","stratum_n":233170,"weight":1554.46666666667,"n_in":2,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Critical review of the concepts and measures used in the attachment literature, explicitly flagging insufficiently demonstrated validity and weak empirical rigor; sits on the boundary between domain theory and a critique of measurement practice."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"The article evaluates concepts and measurement approaches used in attachment research, making research measurement its primary object."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Domain psychology review of attachment-related constructs and measures; advances developmental theory rather than studying research as practice."}},{"id":"W2810879288","title":"Using Logic Models and the Action Model/Change Model Schema in Planning the Learning Community Program: A Comparative Case Study","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation","topic":"Evaluation and Performance Assessment","field":"Decision Sciences","stratum":"venue_new","stratum_n":402637,"weight":2684.24666666667,"n_in":2,"opus":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Comparative case study assessing the relative strengths of logic models versus the action model/change model schema as planning and evaluation tools; the object is evaluation methodology, which sits on the boundary between applied evaluation practice and research methods."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"This comparative case study evaluates program-evaluation models and their properties as methodological tools."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Compares logic models for planning a learning-community program; program evaluation methods, not evaluation of research."}},{"id":"W2946125747","title":"Canadian Supercomputer Threat Assessment and Potential Responses","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Intelligence Conflict and Warfare","topic":"Nuclear Issues and Defense","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"venue_new","stratum_n":402637,"weight":2684.24666666667,"n_in":2,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"policy","about_ca":true,"confidence":"low","reason":"Briefing note assessing espionage and security threats to Compute Canada's national supercomputing infrastructure; object is the governance of Canadian research infrastructure, though it sits on the T2/T3 boundary as a policy briefing."},"gpt":{"tier":"T2","genre":"policy","about_ca":true,"confidence":"high","reason":"The briefing analyzes security risks and responses involving Canadian research supercomputing infrastructure."},"grok":{"tier":"T3","genre":"policy","about_ca":true,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Policy briefing on security threats to Canadian research supercomputers, relevant to the research ecosystem but not analytic metaresearch."}},{"id":"W2976428202","title":"The emergence of politics as a taught discipline at universities in the United Kingdom","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The British Journal of Politics and International Relations","topic":"Political Science Research and Education","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"fund_new","stratum_n":167890,"weight":1678.9,"n_in":2,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Archival history of how political science became a taught discipline in UK universities, tracing chairs, subject associations and curricula; the object is an academic discipline's formation."},"gpt":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"It reconstructs the history of political-science teaching and curricula, not research practice."},"grok":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Historical study of politics as a taught university discipline; adjacent history of the academic field."}},{"id":"W6901567890","title":"Most Recent Data (2005). Statistics Canada. CANSIM: Science and Technology - Research and Development | Country: Canada | Table: Survey of innovation, logging and manufacturing industries, percentage of plants with expenditures on research and development services by different locations | Variable: From all other countries, Clothing manufacturing and leather and allied product manufacturing, 0% of expenditures, Innovative plants | Units: %, 2005. Data-Planet™ Statistical Ready Reference by Conquest Systems, Inc. Dataset-ID: 075-001-182.","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Data Planet","topic":null,"field":null,"stratum":"about_only","stratum_n":664248,"weight":3321.24,"n_in":2,"opus":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":true,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Statistics Canada CANSIM table of research and development expenditure by Canadian innovative plants; the object is R&D activity and its funding in Canada, though the record is a repackaged statistical table rather than a study."},"gpt":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":true,"confidence":"high","reason":"The dataset documents Canadian research and development activity as part of the national research system."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"other","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Packaged industrial innovation R&D expenditure statistic for manufacturing plants, not a study of research practice."}},{"id":"W6921928966","title":"Structural equation modeling in the plant sciences: An example using yield components in oat","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioOne Complete (BioOne)","topic":"Genetics and Plant Breeding","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","stratum":"about_only","stratum_n":664248,"weight":3321.24,"n_in":2,"opus":{"tier":"T1","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Tutorial introducing plant scientists to structural equation modeling, reviewing its principles and offering guidelines on when it is appropriate; the oat field trial is an illustrative vehicle and the object is statistical practice in a research community."},"gpt":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Structural equation modeling is used to analyze oat yield, so the method is not the object of study."},"grok":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Primary aim is introducing SEM as statistical practice for plant scientists, with guidelines on when SEM is appropriate."}},{"id":"W7105639952","title":"Factores asociados al uso de tácticas políticas en el ascenso laboral: una evaluación desde el contexto de la Universidad de Los Andes, “Núcleo Dr. Pedro Rincón Gutierrez”, Venezuela.","year":2019,"lang":"es","type":"article","venue":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","topic":"Higher Education in Latin America","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"about_only","stratum_n":664248,"weight":3321.24,"n_in":2,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Survey of factors behind the use of political tactics in academic promotion among university professors in Venezuela; grounded work on the academic workforce and careers, but framed as organizational behavior."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"It studies political tactics in university professors' career advancement, making the academic research workforce the object."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Organizational-politics survey of professors’ promotion tactics; object is workplace behaviour, not research practice or the research workforce as such."}},{"id":"W1255795715","title":"Content validity for dementia of three generic preference based health related quality of life instruments","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Quality of Life Research","topic":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","stratum":"aff_core","stratum_n":2238095,"weight":5595.2375,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Assesses the content validity of three generic preference-based health-related quality of life instruments for dementia; the object is the measurement instruments that research and evaluation rely on, i.e., a research method and its properties, though a reasonable coder could read this as clinical measurement."},"gpt":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"The work evaluates health-related quality-of-life instruments for dementia rather than research practice."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Psychometric content validity of QoL instruments for dementia patients is clinical measurement work, not metaresearch."}},{"id":"W1599068065","title":"Comparison between activity estimates obtained using bioenergetic and behavioural analysesContribution of the Groupe de Recherche Interuniversitaire en Limnologie (GRIL).","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","stratum":"aff_core","stratum_n":2238095,"weight":5595.2375,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Comparison of bioenergetic and behavioural techniques for estimating fish activity; domain measurement validation, not a study of research practice."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"The primary object is the comparative performance and robustness of two research methods for estimating fish activity."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Compares measurement approaches for fish activity rates to answer an ecological question, not to study research practice."}},{"id":"W1903562992","title":"The Mission of the University. Professional File. Number 26.","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Society for the Study of Higher Education","topic":"Higher Education Governance and Development","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"venue_new","stratum_n":402637,"weight":2684.24666666667,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"No abstract; a higher-education society paper on the mission of the university, which would place the academic institution (and its research mission) as the object, but the title alone cannot settle tier or whether Canadian academia is substantively studied."},"gpt":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"other","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"The abstract is missing and the title alone does not establish that the work studies research itself."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Title on university mission is higher-education general; abstract missing, so cannot establish research as the object."}},{"id":"W2045092925","title":"Social impact assessments of large dams throughout the world: lessons learned over two decades","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal","topic":"Hydropower, Displacement, Environmental Impact","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"aff_core","stratum_n":2238095,"weight":5595.2375,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Lessons on social impact assessment methods from large dam projects; the object is regulatory assessment practice rather than scholarly research practice, but the methodological framing puts it near the boundary."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"The work draws cross-case lessons about social impact assessment methods, monitoring, alternatives, and ethical practice."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Lessons on social impact assessment of large dams; project impact methods, not study of research itself."}},{"id":"W2094753698","title":"Remaking the Self: Trauma, Teachable Moments, and the Biopolitics of Cancer Survivorship","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Culture Medicine and Psychiatry","topic":"Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life","field":"Medicine","stratum":"aff_core","stratum_n":2238095,"weight":5595.2375,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Critical analysis of how the psychosocial oncology literature constructs 'teachable moments' and 'post-traumatic growth' in cancer survivorship; an STS/medical-anthropology study of biomedical knowledge and its concepts, though survivorship itself is also an object."},"gpt":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"The article analyzes cancer-survivorship discourse and biopolitics, not research practice."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Biopolitical reading of cancer survivorship discourse; object is patienthood and clinical culture, not research practice."}},{"id":"W2139542370","title":"Comparison of a Manual and an Automated Method to Estimate the Number of Uterine Eggs in Anisakid Nematodes: To Coulter or Not to Coulter. Is That the Question?","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Parasitology","topic":"Parasite Biology and Host Interactions","field":"Environmental Science","stratum":"aff_core","stratum_n":2238095,"weight":5595.2375,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Comparison of two laboratory techniques for counting nematode eggs; this is assay/measurement validation within parasitology, the polysemy trap the rubric flags, not a study of research practice."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"The primary object is a comparison of two research measurement methods and their precision, although it is narrowly domain-specific."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Compares laboratory egg-counting techniques in parasitology; domain measurement methods, not research practice as object."}},{"id":"W2597652891","title":"Assessment as a Learning Project: Online Surveys with Immediate Formative Feedback","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Purdue e-Pubs (Purdue University System)","topic":"Student Assessment and Feedback","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"about_only","stratum_n":664248,"weight":3321.24,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Academic library study of information literacy instruction and assessment: how students find and evaluate sources; LIS work on information behaviour, though the object is student learning rather than researchers."},"gpt":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"It evaluates students' information-literacy learning rather than researchers' information behavior."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Student information-literacy pedagogy/assessment at a university, not information behaviour of researchers."}},{"id":"W2604270671","title":"Achievements and Lessons Learned from Vietnam’s Higher Education Quality Assurance System after a Decade of Establishment","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Higher Education","topic":"Higher Education Governance and Development","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"venue_new","stratum_n":402637,"weight":2684.24666666667,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Analysis of Vietnam's higher education quality assurance and accreditation system; the object is educational accreditation and university governance rather than research evaluation, though the two are adjacent."},"gpt":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"This study examines Vietnam's higher education accreditation system rather than research evaluation or practice."},"grok":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Object is higher-education quality assurance and accreditation as evaluation system, including self/external evaluation and quality culture."}},{"id":"W2618374040","title":"Philosophical Apprenticeships: Contemporary Continental Philosophy in Canada","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"University of Ottawa Press eBooks","topic":"Political Philosophy and Ethics","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"about_only","stratum_n":664248,"weight":3321.24,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":true,"confidence":"low","reason":"No abstract; the book appears to document the formation and trajectory of the contemporary continental philosophy community in Canada through scholars' apprenticeships, which would make Canadian academic careers and a discipline's development the object, but the title alone cannot settle it."},"gpt":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"The title suggests a work about philosophy in Canada, but the missing abstract prevents ruling out a study of the research field."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"other","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Book on continental philosophy in Canada; intellectual history/philosophy scene, not contemporary research practice as object."}},{"id":"W2992813950","title":"Research of the Students Volunteer Service and Management in University Library","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher education of social science","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"venue_new","stratum_n":402637,"weight":2684.24666666667,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Analysis of student volunteer management in university libraries with proposed recruitment, training, and evaluation strategies; library and information science on an academic library's operations, but far from research practice, so genuinely borderline."},"gpt":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"This work addresses volunteer management in university libraries, not researchers' information behavior or research infrastructure."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Management of student volunteers in university libraries; operational library admin, not researcher information behaviour or scholarly communication as object."}},{"id":"W3004264277","title":"Understanding the dynamic nature of risk in climate change assessments—A new starting point for discussion","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmospheric Science Letters","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","stratum":"aff_core","stratum_n":2238095,"weight":5595.2375,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Critique of the risk framework the IPCC uses in climate assessments, calling for standardization of the methods used to quantify risk; borderline between assessment methodology and domain climate-risk theory."},"gpt":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"It develops a conceptual framework for climate risk rather than studying research practice."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Conceptual paper on IPCC climate-risk frameworks, not metaresearch on how research is done or evaluated."}},{"id":"W3134726991","title":"From Sustainable Global Value Chains to Circular Economy—Different Silos, Different Perspectives, but Many Opportunities to Build Bridges","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Circular Economy and Sustainability","topic":"Sustainable Supply Chain Management","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","stratum":"aff_core","stratum_n":2238095,"weight":5595.2375,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Piece framed around two siloed research literatures and bridging them; the object may be the scholarly fields themselves, but no abstract is available to confirm."},"gpt":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"The article discusses sustainable value chains and circular economy perspectives."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Title on sustainable value chains and circular economy indicates business/supply-chain scholarship, not research as object."}},{"id":"W4385568468","title":"Designing Space for Walking as the Primary Mode of Travel","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":null,"topic":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"aff_core","stratum_n":2238095,"weight":5595.2375,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Chapter whose stated purpose is to discuss the diversity of research approaches to walking, comparing objective and subjective analytic traditions; boundary between a methods review and a domain review."},"gpt":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"This chapter examines walking and urban design, not research itself."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Urban design chapter on walking as travel mode, not science-of-science."}},{"id":"W4385843707","title":"Investigating the Readability and Linguistic, Psychological, and Emotional Characteristics of Digital Dementia Information Written in the English Language: Multitrait-Multimethod Text Analysis","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JMIR Formative Research","topic":"Health Literacy and Information Accessibility","field":"Health Professions","stratum":"venue_new","stratum_n":402637,"weight":2684.24666666667,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Text analysis of the readability and linguistic accessibility of digital dementia information, including peer-reviewed research articles, for people with dementia; touches how research is communicated and discovered, but the primary object is consumer health information, so it sits on the boundary."},"gpt":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"It studies readability and accessibility of dementia information, not scholarly communication as research practice."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Health literacy readability of dementia info for patients; not research practice or researcher behaviour."}},{"id":"W4386001407","title":"Robust joint modelling of sparsely observed paired functional data","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Statistics","topic":"Statistical Methods and Inference","field":"Mathematics","stratum":"venue_new","stratum_n":402637,"weight":2684.24666666667,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Develops and compares a robust statistical estimator for paired functional data, studying its properties via simulation against an existing method; borderline between statistical-methods research and pure domain statistics."},"gpt":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"This develops a statistical model for functional data, not a study of how research is conducted."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Develops a robust statistical model for paired functional data (supernova light curves); domain methods development, not study of research."}},{"id":"W4392401568","title":"Dietary interventions in cancer: a systematic review of all randomized controlled trials","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","topic":"Nutritional Studies and Diet","field":"Medicine","stratum":"aff_core","stratum_n":2238095,"weight":5595.2375,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Systematic review characterizing all dietary intervention RCTs in cancer by sample size, endpoint choice, and design; the reported findings are about the state of the trial literature, though a clinical conclusion is also drawn."},"gpt":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"The systematic review answers a clinical question about dietary interventions in cancer rather than studying synthesis methodology."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Systematic review of dietary RCTs in cancer answers a clinical effectiveness question; uses synthesis method rather than studying the method."}},{"id":"W4403430037","title":"Reflections on co-researching AI literacy","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Students as Partners","topic":"Online Learning and Analytics","field":"Computer Science","stratum":"venue_new","stratum_n":402637,"weight":2684.24666666667,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"T3","genre":"editorial/commentary","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Reflective case study on a students-as-partners co-research project, with recommendations on roles and recognizing student input; commentary touching on how collaborative inquiry is conducted, so contextual at most."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"The case study explicitly examines co-researching practices and the challenges of partnership in conducting research."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Case reflection on Students-as-Partners pedagogy for AI literacy teaching, not study of research as an object."}},{"id":"W4404586831","title":"From the Enlightenment to Black Lives Matter: Tracing the Impacts of Racial Trauma in Black Communities from the Colonial Era to the Present","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":null,"topic":"Race, History, and American Society","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"aff_core","stratum_n":2238095,"weight":5595.2375,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Book critiquing the colonial legacy of psychiatry and how race politics shape psychiatric diagnosis; readable as a social study of a scientific discipline's knowledge (STS-adjacent), but the object is arguably clinical and historical rather than contemporary research practice, so genuinely on the boundary and the blurb is thin."},"gpt":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"The book examines race, psychiatry, and public health rather than research as an object."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Historical and political analysis of racial trauma and psychiatry, not study of research systems."}},{"id":"W4410489399","title":"“Unsure whether it feels like home anymore”: Unsettled feelings amongst former panel-block residents in Moscow and Berlin","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethnography","topic":"Diaspora, migration, transnational identity","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"fund_new","stratum_n":167890,"weight":1678.9,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Ethnography that turns substantially into reflexive analysis of ethnographic practice and research ethics under political violence; borderline, since the substantive object remains housing and home."},"gpt":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"The ethnography studies residents' feelings and responses to urban renewal and war, not research itself."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Urban ethnography of housing and belonging, not science or research as objects."}},{"id":"W4414774694","title":"From positionality statements to reflexive statements of principle-informed process","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BMJ Global Health","topic":"Social Science and Policy Research","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"aff_core","stratum_n":2238095,"weight":5595.2375,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"T3","genre":"editorial/commentary","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Argues for moving from positionality statements to reflexive statements of principle-informed process in global health research outputs; the object is a research reporting and equity practice, but the payload is a single summary-box sentence and it reads as commentary/analysis rather than a study, so the T1/T3 line is genuinely uncertain."},"gpt":{"tier":"T1","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"The work examines how positionality and reflexive processes are reported in research outputs."},"grok":{"tier":"T3","genre":"editorial/commentary","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Normative commentary on positionality statements in research outputs, not an empirical study of research systems."}},{"id":"W6983113913","title":"Le jeune téléspectateur, objet de discours social : le cas du Chili «post-1990»","year":2012,"lang":"fr","type":"other","venue":"Library and Archives Canada (Government of Canada)","topic":"Historical Studies on Reproduction, Gender, Health, and Societal Changes","field":"Arts and Humanities","stratum":"french","stratum_n":233170,"weight":1554.46666666667,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"T2","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Foucauldian thesis treating the 'young television viewer' as a discursive formation and object of knowledge, explicitly folding into its problematic the research subfield (communication jeunesse) that the category helped create; that makes it a social study of how a knowledge object and its research field are constituted, but the broader object is social discourse in Chile, so it is genuinely on the STS boundary."},"gpt":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"The thesis studies social and discursive constructions of young television viewers rather than research practice."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Discourse analysis of the child television viewer in post-1990 Chile; media studies, not metaresearch."}},{"id":"W7066969584","title":"Le mythe des deux solitudes. Des relations entre les psychiatres francophones et anglophones dans le Montreal des annees 1950","year":2017,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University)","topic":"German legal, social, and political studies","field":"Social Sciences","stratum":"french","stratum_n":233170,"weight":1554.46666666667,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Archival history of relations between francophone and anglophone psychiatrists in 1950s Montreal; a professional community in the past, not contemporary research practice."},"gpt":{"tier":"T2","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"The historical study examines professional and knowledge-making relations among psychiatrists as a scientific community."},"grok":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"empirical","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Historical study of Francophone–Anglophone psychiatrist relations in 1950s Montreal; professional medical history, not research practice as object."}},{"id":"W7116845950","title":"Large language models in academic writing","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders","topic":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","field":"Medicine","stratum":"aff_core","stratum_n":2238095,"weight":5595.2375,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"T3","genre":"editorial/commentary","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Piece on large language models in academic writing, which is squarely a scholarly communication and research integrity topic; the abstract is absent and the clinical venue suggests a commentary or correspondence rather than a study, so the T1/T3 assignment cannot be settled from the payload."},"gpt":{"tier":"T3","genre":"editorial/commentary","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"The title indicates commentary about academic writing and scholarly communication, but the missing abstract prevents a firmer assessment."},"grok":{"tier":"T1","genre":"other","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"Title unambiguously targets LLMs in academic writing, i.e. scholarly communication and research practice."}},{"id":"W7117253861","title":"Joseph Bologne in an Atlantic View","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ALTERNATIVE FRANCOPHONE","topic":"Musicology and Musical Analysis","field":"Arts and Humanities","stratum":"aff_core","stratum_n":2238095,"weight":5595.2375,"n_in":1,"opus":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"low","reason":"Musicological essay that critiques how music-historical writing has framed Joseph Bologne while offering a new historical reading; the historiographic critique frames an object that remains the historical figure, so it sits near the T2 boundary."},"gpt":{"tier":"OUT","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"high","reason":"This essay reinterprets a historical musician in musicological writing and does not study research itself."},"grok":{"tier":"T2","genre":"conceptual","about_ca":false,"confidence":"medium","reason":"Meta-historiographic essay on how musicology has framed Bologne and Blackness; object is scholarly writing practices, generously adjacent STS/historiography of a field."}}]}