{"id":"W10465335","doi":"","title":"Is a State VAT the Answer? What's the Question?","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Taxation and Compliance Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"State (computer science); Political science; Law and economics; Epistemology; Economics; Philosophy; Computer science; Algorithm","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003247021,0.0001034836,0.0001371329,0.00006683277,0.0005702348,0.0002395641,0.000325452,0.00002738794,0.00009659284],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004900023,0.00006584105,0.0001097228,0.0002178685,0.00007455005,0.0003289963,0.00003197281,0.0008922482,0.0003583057],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003369174,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001309834,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001048037,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001114889,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982842,0.00002063549,0.0003718169,0.0001488638,0.00005646508,0.001117971],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993117,0.00005801108,0.0003461293,0.0002012891,0.00004946456,0.000033443],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002369575,0.00002860095,0.01822065,0.000001596324,0.0001662291,0.000001029785,0.00151576,0.00002344804,0.000002487023,0.9481488,0.001382038,0.0304856],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002632488,0.00007359662,0.04286611,0.00000855848,0.000005370172,0.00007042173,0.005253737,0.00005325847,0.00001387539,0.8184394,0.1328337,0.0001186979],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4395179,0.1941904,0.2014439,0.125838,0.003870286,0.0006368654,0.00002261668,0.0001095495,0.03437053],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9661039,0.02559272,0.00002171754,0.001989263,0.0002898879,0.000004774369,5.158557e-7,0.00001203696,0.005985168],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5265861,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4605415,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01989950785064638,"score_gpt":0.256784751930377,"score_spread":0.2368852440797306,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}