{"id":"W1147180122","doi":"10.1007/s00382-015-2791-y","title":"How will climate change affect explosive cyclones in the extratropics of the Northern Hemisphere?","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Climate Dynamics","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Pacific Institute for Climate Solutions; University of Victoria","funders":"Marine Environmental Observation Prediction and Response Network; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Northern Hemisphere; Climatology; Environmental science; Extratropical cyclone; Jet stream; Climate change; Latitude; Atmospheric sciences; African easterly jet; Middle latitudes; Climate model; Precipitation; Storm track; Explosive material; Snow; Tropical cyclone; Jet (fluid); Geology; Meteorology; Oceanography; Storm; Geography; Physics; Tropical wave","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006919701,0.0002133332,0.0002374545,0.00001721402,0.0001263329,0.00005932012,0.000701733,0.0001176091,0.00002948715],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009143198,0.0001284758,0.0001229606,0.0003384103,0.0003419133,0.0003868688,0.0004858242,0.0002220346,0.00002618892],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002737117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000125109,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002256583,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01158942,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983053,0.0002074228,0.0002636915,0.0003190243,0.0004107458,0.0004938139],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988744,0.0001264736,0.0001851671,0.0007177184,0.00002231931,0.00007388374],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006552706,0.0003944353,0.9780976,0.0001427441,0.00001087821,0.00001323605,0.007582665,0.003674951,0.0008873116,0.00600747,0.00008434622,0.003038804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00443602,0.0008404678,0.3809028,0.0005563951,0.0003210778,0.0001444428,0.03848463,0.5359806,0.00106977,0.03041564,0.004710665,0.002137458],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933288,0.00006110692,0.0000894716,0.002879519,0.0002239485,0.0006261813,0.0001874806,0.00002816874,0.002575388],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999012,0.000322272,0.0001674471,0.0002841611,0.0000455124,0.00009130152,0.00002992195,0.00002370018,0.00002370514],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5971949,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6467171,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03444145959014269,"score_gpt":0.2396474297279242,"score_spread":0.2052059701377816,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}