{"id":"W13824382","doi":"10.1007/978-94-6091-924-4_10","title":"Using Computer Visualizations to Introduce Grade Five Students to the Particle Nature of Matter","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"SensePublishers eBooks","topic":"Science Education and Pedagogy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"The King's University; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Observable; Container (type theory); Physical science; Mathematics education; Perspective (graphical); Particle (ecology); Cognition; Psychology; Physics; Computer science; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Artificial intelligence; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009747529,0.0001790014,0.0002161516,0.0001340178,0.0005226862,0.0004478084,0.0007418339,0.0002669142,0.001088655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001091244,0.0001457953,0.00009246211,0.0001244969,0.000268905,0.0001853171,0.0001902407,0.0003730388,0.0002413416],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001348538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003123083,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008753326,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001225162,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979501,0.0001615338,0.0002870603,0.0003447085,0.0008652018,0.0003913733],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986268,0.0001022064,0.0001633599,0.0004252574,0.0003591415,0.0003232588],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001648295,0.00007477566,0.002557632,0.00001678626,0.0001092653,0.000001919165,0.2599519,0.0001821882,0.00009581232,0.2277994,0.5024504,0.006743526],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000791486,0.00002526452,0.001448929,0.00004875878,0.00004734685,0.000001914648,0.004985791,0.00002584472,0.00005435268,0.0008836977,0.9921374,0.0002615865],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.09078844,0.0001855126,0.001828498,0.03519088,0.01409972,0.002794925,0.00006998311,0.0001401856,0.8549019],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.190318,0.000002879533,0.001608661,0.01806717,0.003787845,0.00001539018,0.0000127885,0.00005448396,0.7861328],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.489687,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998245,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08303857650379114,"score_gpt":0.4130550995927457,"score_spread":0.3300165230889546,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}