{"id":"W1422126550","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2566128","title":"Factors Affecting Language Change","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Linguistics, Language Diversity, and Identity","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Burman University","funders":"","keywords":"Language change; Linguistics; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006002741,0.0001320918,0.0001341196,0.0001088933,0.0005862649,0.0002452063,0.0002379511,0.00004806415,0.0009290564],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001293651,0.0001054539,0.0001234423,0.00002524322,0.00008166384,0.0002654609,0.00004830444,0.00168846,0.00008968135],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000132283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001653458,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001901239,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06427178,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983497,0.00002954906,0.000125691,0.0001272257,0.0001835311,0.001184267],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993341,0.00003731035,0.0001066551,0.0001224371,0.0003246476,0.00007482662],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002318144,0.0001989058,0.05873363,0.00003543646,0.0003188324,0.00003272728,0.4686422,2.263962e-7,0.000240677,0.4597189,0.002286678,0.009768618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001057364,0.0003295906,0.00607771,0.0000316401,0.0002025488,0.0000258286,0.9078486,0.00001737259,0.0005420847,0.05450134,0.02857229,0.0007936133],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.982668,0.0005062661,0.00002300834,0.0000256317,0.01243712,0.00007157707,0.000009872265,0.00006345504,0.004195108],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9657538,0.00008507468,0.000006050543,0.00008361083,0.0301816,6.257937e-7,0.000007330656,0.00001719036,0.003864717],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4392064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999842,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02975737411611883,"score_gpt":0.2433377630152844,"score_spread":0.2135803888991655,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}