{"id":"W1481855536","doi":"10.4271/2005-01-2200","title":"Regulated Emissions from Biodiesel Tested in Heavy-Duty Engines Meeting 2004 Emission Standards","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SAE technical papers on CD-ROM/SAE technical paper series","topic":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":157,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Lubrizol; Natural Resources Canada; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Biodiesel; Heavy duty; Environmental science; Waste management; Automotive engineering; Engineering; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001716714,0.0008917608,0.0007025228,0.0006304219,0.0007653014,0.0006706492,0.001584109,0.0009041938,0.002256625],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008691612,0.0003234466,0.0007890257,0.0005678264,0.000276856,0.0005597338,0.0003558095,0.000432129,0.0009414945],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001039158,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007068291,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005761891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01338066,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970539,0.000429132,0.0003307065,0.0003659439,0.001622833,0.000197555],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989195,0.0001529543,0.000113205,0.0001162459,0.0006642612,0.00003384794],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001219795,0.0007307122,0.01294406,0.0002767109,0.00006092826,0.0002289476,0.0001778566,0.002605979,0.9716284,0.0001338479,0.0006490983,0.009343639],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004805619,0.001510273,0.01825381,0.00002141662,0.00005554413,0.0001103532,0.0001173116,0.002030945,0.9745884,0.00005148321,0.003193643,0.00001874047],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9863234,0.0003708398,0.00694156,0.00004666652,0.00004281123,0.0002984398,0.001039844,0.0003042456,0.004632261],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9692556,0.0006015676,0.01059021,0.0001650172,0.0000225696,0.0005681401,0.007146314,0.0001521753,0.01149841],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005761891,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01145673,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01121793691539844,"score_gpt":0.2462410793365526,"score_spread":0.2350231424211542,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}