{"id":"W1495912635","doi":"10.3390/jrfm1010100","title":"Active Versus Passive Investing - An Analysis of UK Equity Markets, 1991-2005","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of risk and financial management","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Equity (law); Stock (firearms); Market capitalization; Business; Economics; Financial economics; Monetary economics; Stock market; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006878289,0.0002917247,0.0003394027,0.003457047,0.0002957563,0.001240875,0.0003974345,0.0005784607,0.002492806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00385584,0.000199205,0.0003843969,0.003482526,0.0002969517,0.001202076,0.0009673162,0.0003430396,0.0007422581],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001034775,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004412447,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04416231,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08137298,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994876,0.00004269595,0.0001112361,0.00009388903,0.000155367,0.0001091164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9954749,0.0006189121,0.002679173,0.000139348,0.0007568626,0.0003307706],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000484985,0.00005861039,0.9653108,0.0002338188,0.0000998535,0.0007703386,0.001379586,0.0005553787,0.001066619,0.0005014998,0.00237662,0.02716189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002631033,0.00003785586,0.9978527,0.00002454422,0.00001064388,0.0001807577,0.0002420571,0.0001845321,0.0001028075,0.00001921368,0.001337448,0.000004928733],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927412,0.001616005,0.0001149089,0.0001254079,0.00001137908,0.00001436481,0.003417718,0.000008300687,0.001950698],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913484,0.0009692707,0.0001103423,0.00005846133,0.0000245725,0.00001368262,0.005055833,0.000004513151,0.002415019],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04416231,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08781052,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03657811517578646,"score_gpt":0.2428892124533854,"score_spread":0.2063110972775989,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}