{"id":"W1497088928","doi":"10.17159/2413-3108/2012/v0i40a841","title":"The code of silence: Revisiting South African police integrity","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"South African Crime Quarterly","topic":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Criminal Justice Association","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Silence; Officer; Criminology; Seriousness; Political science; Law; Law enforcement; Psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009577298,0.0002517638,0.0002993527,0.0001394391,0.000410836,0.000205351,0.001424232,0.00009708283,0.00001931128],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001520299,0.0001479785,0.0001821538,0.0006708232,0.0002767698,0.0003380398,0.00009357287,0.0002893893,0.0002069862],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007516109,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001697298,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003585553,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002254776,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974115,0.0002824076,0.0005305099,0.0005708651,0.0005291907,0.0006755319],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976144,0.0003524617,0.0004174575,0.00114056,0.0002522799,0.0002228409],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013659,0.00008049359,0.00169371,0.0000676731,0.0001155935,0.00001475584,0.2034052,0.000001916111,0.02052771,0.03684161,0.000629756,0.736485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009812448,0.01667768,0.06486288,0.003030893,0.0005441695,0.0003557994,0.6321086,0.00722436,0.1095322,0.0754877,0.07212278,0.00824049],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6619319,0.0002901531,0.3114718,0.003951452,0.00115787,0.0007334003,0.0001432882,0.0009199961,0.01940009],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964185,0.000003365014,0.002562551,0.00006259204,0.0002629413,0.00002131614,5.36809e-7,0.00001917396,0.0006489936],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7282445,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6034386,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01841715919926395,"score_gpt":0.2483184880243063,"score_spread":0.2299013288250423,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}