{"id":"W1497817593","doi":"","title":"The Policy Challenges of Population Ageing","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","topic":"Migration, Aging, and Tourism Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Population ageing; Welfare state; Citizenship; Context (archaeology); Solidarity; Demographic change; Social security; Residence; Perspective (graphical); Active ageing; Public policy; Political science; Welfare; Population; Economic growth; Sociology; Economics; Demographic economics; Older people; Gerontology; Geography; Medicine; Politics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0093625,0.0004526454,0.0006940988,0.0008710875,0.004223921,0.00795736,0.001174148,0.009778028,0.007790658],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01805282,0.0002453728,0.0004456868,0.00161353,0.009064503,0.0128053,0.005918533,0.00833421,0.001366124],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004863832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006867972,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004031314,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00271695,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9942695,0.003056989,0.0002075229,0.0006880167,0.0009528682,0.0008251273],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9921686,0.004954812,0.0004872748,0.0003560296,0.001119026,0.0009142323],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001641595,0.00002996325,0.0003209199,0.0001386504,0.000007506237,0.0001074937,0.001840264,0.0006637239,0.00007787277,0.9459667,0.03020175,0.0206286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001134465,0.00002188997,0.0005938065,0.0002807023,0.000006495643,0.0001361491,0.004533615,0.0005454565,0.00008364822,0.7224517,0.27132,0.00001525596],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.008551732,0.01687685,0.004141591,0.8961046,0.002674096,0.0000191538,0.00009500523,0.00002809282,0.07150891],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6439816,0.0732619,0.006099208,0.2196124,0.01433692,0.0002962978,0.00022281,0.00008997577,0.04209888],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009778028,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04951423,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05331359256970091,"score_gpt":0.3715848997515537,"score_spread":0.3182713071818528,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}