{"id":"W1498885813","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1136288","title":"Fixed Effects Bias in Panel Data Estimators","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Spatial and Panel Data Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn","keywords":"Estimator; Panel data; Monte Carlo method; Econometrics; Statistics; Dimension (graph theory); Fixed effects model; Omitted-variable bias; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001689156,0.0001533626,0.0004017955,0.0003654621,0.0001654795,0.00004304502,0.0007536215,0.00008224521,0.0001148272],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003821888,0.0001561451,0.00009515126,0.0004577235,0.00004239782,0.0004402578,0.0001149913,0.00101103,0.0005338578],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000342787,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003399391,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001935851,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002151504,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997596,0.00003849782,0.0005498992,0.0003690472,0.00006138792,0.001385194],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989793,0.00009408182,0.0002832381,0.0005429836,0.0000150219,0.00008533858],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005088447,0.0002166438,0.8578498,0.00001986437,0.0003840242,0.0001163919,0.0002985667,0.0002596882,0.00001900211,0.1272279,0.001318423,0.01223883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004699079,0.0006031427,0.3217576,0.00007583229,0.000094573,0.002099091,0.0004331944,0.03410714,0.00007746994,0.6000641,0.0345214,0.001467346],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.969126,0.01145443,0.01656536,0.0005623177,0.0003771547,0.0001258056,0.0001026732,0.00002996136,0.001656333],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.989906,0.008760518,0.0002333319,0.0001164076,0.0001837627,0.000003429,0.0001077304,0.00002061278,0.0006681835],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5360922,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.686184,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1058548247016557,"score_gpt":0.2515204671715046,"score_spread":0.1456656424698489,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}