{"id":"W1499855463","doi":"10.3390/s150614045","title":"A Review of Membrane-Based Biosensors for Pathogen Detection","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Sensors","topic":"Biosensors and Analytical Detection","field":"Engineering","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biosensor; Transduction (biophysics); Nanotechnology; Membrane; Biochemical engineering; Biology; Materials science; Engineering; Biophysics; Biochemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004613172,0.0004732808,0.001890624,0.0002654959,0.00003368516,0.00001300064,0.0001531632,0.0004523574,0.00002310206],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002038362,0.000391587,0.001013854,0.0005801221,0.00004992716,0.00002676314,0.00001198215,0.0002840143,0.00005809284],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001485767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006979654,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004493597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003809622,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981447,0.0001099525,0.0008724415,0.0003303703,0.0002230553,0.0003194472],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988382,0.0001623797,0.0002290708,0.0004255974,0.0001949432,0.0001498379],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003320348,0.00001083562,7.624641e-9,0.324607,0.00009413813,0.000001976986,0.000002355744,0.0001607145,0.00004509666,0.000005372915,0.0004427917,0.6746264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001402892,0.00006937084,2.588036e-8,0.06776801,0.001091963,0.00001582455,0.000002830462,0.005591317,0.0006620833,0.00001163191,0.9242625,0.0003842155],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000008195639,0.997016,0.0002678743,0.00000909461,0.0004735849,0.001214474,0.0003544041,0.0002465068,0.0004099284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00001738052,0.9989262,0.0003683324,0.00003486334,0.000217523,0.00008710759,0.0001153292,0.0001339869,0.00009933334],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9238197,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998536,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04527705267802797,"score_gpt":0.3003206101574525,"score_spread":0.2550435574794246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}