{"id":"W1505171067","doi":"10.22329/il.v28i3.596","title":"Mathematical Proof and Discovery <i>Reductio ad Absurdum</i>","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Informal Logic","topic":"History and Theory of Mathematics","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reductio ad absurdum; Epistemology; Contradiction; Interpretation (philosophy); Argument (complex analysis); Philosophy; Mathematical proof; Mathematics; Linguistics; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005385952,0.0005569203,0.0006083246,0.002103836,0.002152368,0.005685673,0.001331227,0.002369272,0.004778337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008793873,0.0004614534,0.001132527,0.001617101,0.02567166,0.008784031,0.002644921,0.004444698,0.001459684],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004856242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001620193,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001882438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001402731,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9952851,0.00278686,0.0002177325,0.0005446422,0.0009648642,0.0002008645],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.993157,0.004807954,0.0003756709,0.00106949,0.0004757699,0.0001140724],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002258281,0.000001319327,0.00001512709,0.00001543355,0.000001575415,0.00001343544,0.0001368069,0.00009835338,0.0000254515,0.9970732,0.001080908,0.001536137],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003246936,0.000003566935,0.00004607946,0.00002556459,0.000002354859,0.00005032985,0.00005822334,0.0007397483,0.0001341667,0.9777255,0.02120745,0.000003737984],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01103721,0.02048014,0.3633946,0.0445814,0.001585717,0.0001245423,0.0002100459,0.0004905954,0.5580956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7730545,0.008495136,0.1399009,0.006315217,0.002307497,0.0003269092,0.0002350493,0.0004166688,0.06894822],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005685673,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03523469,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03901703620317273,"score_gpt":0.2584902122041338,"score_spread":0.219473176000961,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}