{"id":"W1516076197","doi":"10.1002/9781118354186.ch24","title":"Characterizing Novel Ecosystems: Challenges for Measurement","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Ecosystem dynamics and resilience","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Ecosystem; Environmental resource management; Data science; Computer science; Geography; Environmental science; Ecology; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.05739169,0.002622973,0.003928703,0.006775011,0.003186163,0.01786166,0.006116752,0.004376372,0.004952488],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1196151,0.001238071,0.001362011,0.007860526,0.01862289,0.03886461,0.01405246,0.01161943,0.002791451],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005288433,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005184307,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00382304,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003398072,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9617476,0.01767422,0.002463879,0.004666657,0.01291111,0.0005364304],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8468419,0.09832978,0.006434085,0.02872188,0.01675064,0.002921777],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005288672,0.0002288526,0.0157453,0.002712305,0.0003157979,0.0001268528,0.003643884,0.004940504,0.002133892,0.4333143,0.02096682,0.5158186],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000192373,0.0001208801,0.007177996,0.001264226,0.00004755332,0.0003154328,0.004910042,0.008293542,0.001187224,0.9000796,0.07642668,0.0001575242],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02450209,0.06255226,0.7187121,0.1110623,0.002370748,0.0008955282,0.002195562,0.00139274,0.07631665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2374979,0.04902928,0.6876388,0.0101474,0.003685006,0.002509165,0.001696425,0.000827492,0.006968583],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05739169,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3035199,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03213924392655272,"score_gpt":0.2160550685755442,"score_spread":0.1839158246489915,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}