{"id":"W1517685820","doi":"","title":"Incidence and Returns to Apprenticeship Training in Canada: the Role of Family Background and Immigrant Status","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","topic":"Migration, Ethnicity, and Economy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Apprenticeship; Immigration; Earnings; Demographic economics; Wage; First generation; Labour economics; Political science; Demography; Economics; Geography; Sociology; Population","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009028784,0.0002620753,0.0003967696,0.001977748,0.002165995,0.00175576,0.001605195,0.0006213342,0.004604519],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004252043,0.0002468664,0.0006392889,0.00316684,0.001226255,0.0004363167,0.001275023,0.001210124,0.0004188847],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01429203,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02019991,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9861102,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9915103,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990849,0.0000596124,0.00004584038,0.0001114893,0.0002480915,0.000450013],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9948183,0.0003948369,0.001354421,0.0001785415,0.001294298,0.001959589],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001107932,0.00003824259,0.9916056,0.00001667949,0.00003930305,0.0001356102,0.0007073211,0.0001980562,0.00008706551,0.0002428279,0.001029648,0.005788845],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003019738,0.00001115621,0.9980794,0.00001974156,0.000009838333,0.00004550648,0.00104944,0.0002072497,0.00003329643,0.00003332839,0.0005002969,0.000007709068],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948302,0.0007925227,0.00005711967,0.0006127416,0.00001512987,0.00001235144,0.001722042,0.00001194966,0.001945986],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965167,0.0006303887,0.00004377789,0.00004976692,0.000007342342,0.00000346433,0.0009314422,0.000006823222,0.001810277],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01429203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1036964,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07947871151909856,"score_gpt":0.3301752466278559,"score_spread":0.2506965351087573,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}