{"id":"W1521637362","doi":"","title":"A Search-Theoretic Model of Bureaucracy and Corruption ∗","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","topic":"Economic theories and models","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Bureaucracy; Language change; Incentive; Transaction cost; Consumption (sociology); Production (economics); Economics; Public good; Microeconomics; Private good; Public economics; Welfare; Private information retrieval; Quality (philosophy); Private sector; Private consumption; Business; Market economy; Monetary economics; Political science; Computer science; Economic growth; Computer security","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001500849,0.0004932953,0.001089589,0.0009722091,0.001195264,0.003262564,0.001769467,0.003254124,0.01024071],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004712246,0.0005315219,0.0007408956,0.002175352,0.002319452,0.00321614,0.00115191,0.001226555,0.001289352],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002611399,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001857249,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006145599,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004788168,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990503,0.0004910715,0.00003354592,0.0001127813,0.00009949027,0.000212814],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969483,0.001704531,0.0006363947,0.0001773135,0.0001655424,0.0003679461],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007494637,0.00007346614,0.0007503051,0.00007790848,0.00003056663,0.0001801569,0.0002118166,0.1581627,0.0003281025,0.8326276,0.002822342,0.004660165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001277194,0.00005410145,0.0005032936,0.00003504333,0.00002027727,0.00008458924,0.0001527244,0.4456718,0.00009062907,0.5477047,0.005528208,0.00002687142],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3823614,0.003855855,0.4186707,0.0160344,0.0001944992,0.0002491334,0.001357964,0.0004217658,0.1768543],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9445207,0.00117232,0.01659768,0.00028759,0.000123843,0.0001552843,0.0002149066,0.00004479975,0.036883],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01024071,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03425854,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06314075889288576,"score_gpt":0.296990546194955,"score_spread":0.2338497873020692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}