{"id":"W1522933070","doi":"10.21225/d5tp4z","title":"Student Assessment in Online Courses: Research and Practice, 1993–2004","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of University Continuing Education","topic":"Online and Blended Learning","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Online assessment; Medical education; Quality assessment; Quality (philosophy); Psychology; Online research methods; Reliability (semiconductor); Face validity; Online discussion; Face (sociological concept); Online learning; Educational assessment; Evaluation methods; Computer science; Mathematics education; Formative assessment; Medicine; Psychometrics; Multimedia; Sociology; World Wide Web; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002627829,0.00003732177,0.00008042781,0.000560742,0.0002563928,0.00008125739,0.0001610329,0.00004601641,0.00003713337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006554944,0.00004434447,0.00001630551,0.0003372006,0.0001276475,0.0005908826,0.000008719956,0.0004128306,0.000001653318],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001119199,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008122899,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02522199,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.414292,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988718,0.000500869,0.0001165922,0.00007653434,0.0002321916,0.0002020113],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998643,0.0002890172,0.0001251129,0.00004876362,0.0005920687,0.0003020608],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004676002,0.0005718108,0.2866973,0.000009554833,0.00003382813,0.0001452108,0.09468722,0.0001392631,0.00005810296,0.01905296,0.0083781,0.5901799],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001818116,0.00004352669,0.05536385,0.00008952843,0.000009261054,0.0000079659,0.3292101,0.000005080679,5.61427e-7,0.00004367796,0.6150067,0.00003786617],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9583555,0.0003587033,0.00001441917,0.03103399,0.000225782,0.00007751421,0.000001466674,0.000002337197,0.009930229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921461,0.0001903801,0.004132779,0.00006396777,0.0004137792,5.368688e-8,0.000002023995,0.000002945116,0.003047974],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6066287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975001,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03264370123768456,"score_gpt":0.4056788690389428,"score_spread":0.3730351678012583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}