{"id":"W1527593050","doi":"10.22329/il.v23i1.2151","title":"Is Argument for Conservatives? or Where Do Sparkling New Ideas Come From?","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Informal Logic","topic":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Argumentation theory; Argument (complex analysis); Epistemology; Criticism; Generative grammar; Opposition (politics); Argument map; Sociology; Philosophy; Law; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000333272,0.00009438166,0.0001295693,0.0000302989,0.0004050237,0.0001657075,0.0002124942,0.00008670391,0.002629202],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003040632,0.00007604418,0.00005542053,0.000146289,0.000118235,0.0002902373,0.00003368326,0.00009522732,0.0002866788],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001368922,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008872566,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001155283,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005289243,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990068,0.00001883091,0.0002502261,0.0001297715,0.0002781029,0.0003162836],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993554,0.0001823865,0.00006498368,0.00009499311,0.0001034566,0.000198723],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007210268,0.0000773712,0.003917836,0.00002125248,0.0000439039,0.00000303061,0.08310813,0.00002186792,0.000007552875,0.8971355,0.009983285,0.005608146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006974297,0.00007041077,0.003089292,0.00006880798,0.00001161596,5.73955e-7,0.01222875,0.000004147724,0.0001215305,0.3226011,0.6609209,0.0001854118],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4090173,0.001224191,0.03174956,0.2363406,0.004291422,0.002517518,0.00008362919,0.0006234173,0.3141524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8846342,0.0002180892,0.06674114,0.02968573,0.000537937,0.00007152481,0.00002230452,0.00001268189,0.01807638],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6509376,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982826,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08390831101960212,"score_gpt":0.3708596679464645,"score_spread":0.2869513569268624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}