{"id":"W1530217957","doi":"","title":"Creating Higher Burdens: The Presumption of State Protection in Democratic Countries","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Presumption; Democracy; Notice; Refugee; State (computer science); Political science; Immigration; Law; Law and economics; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01673241,0.0002872912,0.0006321293,0.001529237,0.01008522,0.01176707,0.001638042,0.008071175,0.005137249],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0338107,0.000493858,0.001183843,0.00142123,0.05239445,0.01246968,0.01233327,0.01054014,0.0003405361],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005081758,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004827492,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006548726,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00714028,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9849859,0.00932283,0.0005380582,0.0009777605,0.001313527,0.002861856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9643748,0.02658472,0.003740071,0.003074639,0.001398616,0.0008271952],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009209707,0.00001057109,0.0009498504,0.00000978362,0.000004865673,0.0001977284,0.004850003,0.0002116171,0.0000485571,0.9917379,0.0003251528,0.001644916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003980755,0.00004132897,0.003178171,0.0001745583,0.00002446814,0.0003150504,0.01066766,0.001122052,0.0003789206,0.9625923,0.02143668,0.00002895288],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.3705606,0.001474087,0.03390393,0.1025253,0.0003797248,0.0001261484,0.00004626926,0.00002682327,0.4909572],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925382,0.0003314631,0.001800533,0.002309171,0.0001035815,0.00004544413,0.000007324873,0.00000877166,0.00285568],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01673241,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08849049,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01112427621596766,"score_gpt":0.2768702155446897,"score_spread":0.265745939328722,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}